URL normalization (or URL canonicalization) is the process by which URLs are modified and standardized in a consistent manner. The goal of the normalization process is to transform a URL into a normalized or canonical URL so it is possible to determine if two syntactically different URLs are equivalent.

Strategies include lowercasing, adding trailing slashes, https => http, etc. The Wikipedia page lists many.

Got a favorite method of doing this in Java? Perhaps a library (Nutch?), but I'm open. Smaller and fewer dependencies is better.

I'll handcode something for now and keep an eye on this question.