Background

Created a script to count the frequency of words in a plain text file. The script performs the following steps:

1. Count the frequency of words from a corpus.
2. Retain each word in the corpus found in a dictionary.
3. Create a comma-separated file of the frequencies.

The script is at: http://pastebin.com/VAZdeKXs

Problem

The following lines continually cycle through the dictionary to match words:

for i in $(awk '{if( $2 ) print $2}' frequency.txt); do
  grep -m 1 ^$i\$ dictionary.txt >> corpus-lexicon.txt;
done

It works, but it is slow because it is scanning the words it found to remove any that are not in the dictionary. The code performs this task by scanning the dictionary for every single word. (The -m 1 parameter stops the scan when the match is found.)

Question

How would you optimize the script so that the dictionary is not scanned from start to finish for every single word? The majority of the words will not be in the dictionary.

Thank you!