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• Program and debugger quit without indication of problem

  - by spender

  OK, not quite a Heisenbug but similar in nature. I'm developing a WPF application. When debugging, the logic reaches a certain point, then the application quits for no reason. VS debugger catches nothing and the only indication of a problem is the following in the output window: The program '[6228] SomeApp.vshost.exe: Managed (v4.0.30319)' has exited with code 1073741855 (0x4000001f). When debugging the release version, or indeed running the debug build out of the debugger (in fact all combos that aren't running the debug version in debugger), everything works fine. I'm trying to catch unhandled exceptions with the following code: AppDomain .CurrentDomain .UnhandledException += (sender, e) => { Debug.WriteLine("Unhandled Exception " + e.ExceptionObject); }; Application .Current .DispatcherUnhandledException += (sender1, e1) => { Debug.WriteLine("DispatcherUnhandledException " + e1.Exception); }; ...but I'm not catching anything. I'm considering peppering the app with debug output statements, but it's highly asynchronous so reading this will be both arduous and tedious. So tell me, if you can... how do I start figuring WTF is going on?

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• stdio's remove() not always deleting on time.

  - by Kyte

  For a particular piece of homework, I'm implementing a basic data storage system using sequential files under standard C, which cannot load more than 1 record at a time. So, the basic part is creating a new file where the results of whatever we do with the original records are stored. The previous file's renamed, and a new one under the working name is created. The code's compiled with MinGW 5.1.6 on Windows 7. Problem is, this particular version of the code (I've got nearly-identical versions of this floating around my functions) doesn't always remove the old file, so the rename fails and hence the stored data gets wiped by the fopen(). FILE *archivo, *antiguo; remove("IndiceNecesidades.old"); // This randomly fails to work in time. rename("IndiceNecesidades.dat", "IndiceNecesidades.old"); // So rename() fails. antiguo = fopen("IndiceNecesidades.old", "rb"); // But apparently it still gets deleted, since this turns out null (and I never find the .old in my working folder after the program's done). archivo = fopen("IndiceNecesidades.dat", "wb"); // And here the data gets wiped. Basically, anytime the .old previously exists, there's a chance it's not removed in time for the rename() to take effect successfully. No possible name conflicts both internally and externally. The weird thing's that it's only with this particular file. Identical snippets except with the name changed to Necesidades.dat (which happen in 3 different functions) work perfectly fine. // I'm yet to see this snippet fail. FILE *antiguo, *archivo; remove("Necesidades.old"); rename("Necesidades.dat", "Necesidades.old"); antiguo = fopen("Necesidades.old", "rb"); archivo = fopen("Necesidades.dat", "wb"); Any ideas on why would this happen, and/or how can I ensure the remove() command has taken effect by the time rename() is executed? (I thought of just using a while loop to force call remove() again so long as fopen() returns a non-null pointer, but that sounds like begging for a crash due to overflowing the OS with delete requests or something.)

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• Hardest javascript debugging problem ever

  - by Craig

  We have an ASP.NET application and when running on client site they often get null reference Javascript errors. As with all these errors the information IE6 displays is less than helpful. But the problem is as soon as I install IE script debugger and try and debug a bit more the error becomes non-reproducible.When script debugger is not installed then the error occurs again. Are there any other tools that could be helpful for javascript debugging on client site. The error is also not produced with IE7 or Firefox.

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• C function changes behaviour depending on whether it has a call to printf in it

  - by Daniel

  I have a function that processes some data and finds the threshold that classifies the data with the lowest error. It looks like this: void find_threshold(FeatureVal* fvals, sampledata* data, unsigned int num_samples, double* thresh, double* err, int* pol) { //code to calculate minThresh, minErr, minPol omitted printf("minThresh: %f, minErr: %f, minPol: %d\n", minThresh, minErr, minPol); *thresh = minThresh; *err = minErr; *pol = minPol; } Then in my test file I have this: void test_find_threshold() { //code to set up test data omitted find_threshold(fvals, sdata, 6, &thresh, &err, &pol); printf("Expected 5 got %f\n", thresh); assert(eq(thresh, 5.0)); printf("Expected 1 got %d\n", pol); assert(pol == 1); printf("Expected 0 got %f\n", err); assert(eq(err, 0.0)); } This runs and the test passes with the following output: minThresh: 5.000000, minErr: 0.000000, minPol: 1 Expected 5 got 5.000000 Expected 1 got 1 Expected 0 got 0.000000 However if I remove the call to printf() from find_threshold, suddenly the test fails! Commenting out the asserts so that I can see what gets returned, the output is: Expected 5 got -15.000000 Expected 1 got -1 Expected 0 got 0.333333 I cannot make any sense of this whatsoever.

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• Powershell $LastExitCode=0 but $?=False . Redirecting stderr to stdout gives NativeCommandError

  - by Colonel Panic

  Can anyone explain Powershell's surprising behaviour in the second example below? First, a example of sane behaviour: PS C:\> & cmd /c "echo Hello from standard error 1>&2"; echo "`$LastExitCode=$LastExitCode and `$?=$?" Hello from standard error $LastExitCode=0 and $?=True No surprises. I print a message to standard error (using cmd's echo). I inspect the variables $? and $LastExitCode. They equal to True and 0 respectively, as expected. However, if I ask Powershell to redirect standard error to standard output over the first command, I get a NativeCommandError: PS C:\> & cmd /c "echo Hello from standard error 1>&2" 2>&1; echo "`$LastExitCode=$LastExitCode and `$?=$?" cmd.exe : Hello from standard error At line:1 char:4 + cmd <<<< /c "echo Hello from standard error 1>&2" 2>&1; echo "`$LastExitCode=$LastExitCode and `$?=$?" + CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (Hello from standard error :String) [], RemoteException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError $LastExitCode=0 and $?=False My first question, why the NativeCommandError ? Secondly, why is $? False when cmd ran successfully and $LastExitCode is 0? Powershell's docs about_Automatic_Variables don't explicitly define $?. I always supposed it is True if and only if $LastExitCode is 0 but my example contradicts that. Here's how I came across this behaviour in the real-world (simplified). It really is FUBAR. I was calling one Powershell script from another. The inner script: cmd /c "echo Hello from standard error 1>&2" if (! $?) { echo "Job failed. Sending email.." exit 1 } # do something else Running this simply .\job.ps1, it works fine, no email is sent. However, I was calling it from another Powershell script, logging to a file .\job.ps1 2>&1 > log.txt. In this case, an email is sent! Here, the act of observing a phenomenon changes its outcome. This feels like quantum physics rather than scripting! [Interestingly: .\job.ps1 2>&1 may or not blow up depending on where you run it]

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• Unity3D draw call optimization : static batching VS manually draw mesh with MaterialPropertyBlock

  - by Heisenbug

  I've read Unity3D draw call batching documentation. I understood it, and I want to use it (or something similar) in order to optimize my application. My situation is the following: I'm drawing hundreds of 3d buildings. Each building can be represented using a Mesh (or a SubMesh for each building, but I don't thing this will affect performances) Each building can be textured with several combinations of texture patterns(walls, windows,..). Textures are stored into an Atlas for optimizaztion (see Texture2d.PackTextures) Texture mapping and facade pattern generation is done in fragment shader. The shader can be the same (except for few values) for all buildings, so I'd like to use a sharedMaterial in order to optimize parameters passed to the GPU. The main problem is that, even if I use an Atlas, share the material, and declare the objects as static to use static batching, there are few parameters(very fews, it could be just even a float I guess) that should be different for every draw call. I don't know exactly how to manage this situation using Unity3D. I'm trying 2 different solutions, none of them completely implemented. Solution 1 Build a GameObject for each building building (I don't like very much the overhead of a GameObject, anyway..) Prepare each GameObject to be static batched with StaticBatchingUtility.Combine. Pack all texture into an atlas Assign the parent game object of combined batched objects the Material (basically the shader and the atlas) Change some properties in the material before drawing an Object The problem is the point 5. Let's say I have to assign a different id to an object before drawing it, how can I do this? If I use a different material for each object I can't benefit of static batching. If I use a sharedMaterial and I modify a material property, all GameObjects will reference the same modified variable Solution 2 Build a Mesh for every building (sounds better, no GameObject overhead) Pack all textures into an Atlas Draw each mesh manually using Graphics.DrawMesh Customize each DrawMesh call using a MaterialPropertyBlock This would solve the issue related to slightly modify material properties for each draw call, but the documentation isn't clear on the following point: Does several consecutive calls to Graphic.DrawMesh with a different MaterialPropertyBlock would cause a new material to be instanced? Or Unity can understand that I'm modifying just few parameters while using the same material and is able to optimize that (in such a way that the big atlas is passed just once to the GPU)?

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• C# graph library to be used from Unity3D

  - by Heisenbug

  I'm looking for a C# graph library to be used inside Unity3D script. I'm not looking for pathfinding libraries (I know there are good one available). I could consider using a path finding library only if it gives me direct access to underlying graph classes (I need nodes and edges, and classic graph algorithms) The only product I've seen that seems intersting is QuickGraph. I have the following question: Is it possible to use QuickGraph inside Unity3d? If yes. Is this a good idea? Does it have any drawbacks? Is it a quite fast and well written/supported library? Does anyone has ever used it? Are available other C# graph library that can be easily integrated in Unity3d?

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• Unity3D and Texture2D. GetPixel returns wrong values

  - by Heisenbug

  I'm trying to use Texture2D set and get colors, but I encountered a strange behavior. Here's the code to reproduce it: Texture2D tex = new Texture2D(2,2, TextureFormat.RGBA32 ,false); Color col = new Color(1.0f,0.5f,1.0f,0.5f); //col values: 1.00, 0.500, 1.00, 0.500 tex.setPixel(0,0,col); Color colDebug = tex.getPixel(0,0); //col values: 1.00, 0.502, 1.00, 0.502 The Color retrieved with getPixel is different from the Color set before. I initially thought about float approximation, but when inspectin col the value stored are correct, so can't be that reason. It sounds weird even a sampling error because the getValue returns a value really similar that not seems to be interpolated with anything else. Anyway I tried even to add these lines after building the texture but nothing change: this.tex.filterMode = FilterMode.Point; this.tex.wrapMode = TextureWrapMode.Clamp; this.tex.anisoLevel = 1; What's my mistake? What am I missing? In addition to that. I'm using tex to store Rect coordinates returned from atlas generation, in order to be able of retriving the correct uv coordinate of an atlas inside a shader. Is this a right way to go?

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• Unity custom shaders and z-fighting

  - by Heisenbug

  I've just readed a chapter of Unity iOS Essential by Robert Wiebe. It shows a solution for handling z-figthing problem occuring while rendering a street on a plane with the same y offset. Basically it modified Normal-Diffuse shader provided by Unity, specifing the (texture?) offset in -1, -1. Here's basically what the shader looks like: Shader "Custom/ModifiedNormalDiffuse" { Properties { _Color ("Main Color", Color) = (1,1,1,1) _MainTex ("Base (RGB)", 2D) = "white" {} } SubShader { Offset -1,-1 //THIS IS THE ADDED LINE Tags { "RenderType"="Opaque" } LOD 200 CGPROGRAM #pragma surface surf Lambert sampler2D _MainTex; fixed4 _Color; struct Input { float2 uv_MainTex; }; void surf (Input IN, inout SurfaceOutput o) { half4 c = tex2D (_MainTex, IN.uv_MainTex) *_Color; o.Albedo = c.rgb; o.Alpha = c.a; } ENDCG } FallBack "Diffuse" } Ok. That's simple and it works. The author says about it: ...we could use a copy of the shader that draw the road at an Offset of -1, -1 so that whenever the two textures are drawn, the road is always drawn last. I don't know CG nor GLSL, but I've a little bit of experience with HLSL. Anyway I can't figure out what exactly is going on. Could anyone explain me what exactly Offset directly does, and how is solves z-fighting problems?

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• Unity3d: Box collider attached to animated FBX models through scripts at run-time have wrong dimension

  - by Heisenbug

  I have several scripts attached to static and non static models of my scene. All models are instantiated at run-time (and must be instantiated at run-time because I'm procedural building the scene). I'd like to add a BoxCollider or SphereCollider to my FBX models at runtime. With non animated models it works simply requiring BoxCollider component from the script attached to my GameObject. BoxCollider is created of the right dimension. Something like: [RequireComponent(typeof(BoxCollider))] public class AScript: MonoBehavior { } If I do the same thing with animated models, BoxCollider are created of the wrong dimension. For example if attach the script above to penelopeFBX model of the standard asset, BoxCollider is created smaller than the mesh itself. How can I solve this?

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• Unity3d: calculate the result of a transform without modifying transform object itself

  - by Heisenbug

  I'm in the following situation: I need to move an object in some way, basically rotating it around its parent local position, or translating it in its parent local space (I know how to do this). The amount of rotation and translation is know at runtime (it depends on several factors, the speed of the object, enviroment factors, etc..). The problem is the following: I can perform this transformation only if the result position of the transformed object fit some criterias. An example could be this: the distance between the position before and after the transformation must be less than a given threshold. (Actually the conditions could be several and more complex) The problem is that if I use Transform.Rotate and Transform.Translate methods of my GameObject, I will loose the original Transform values. I think I can't copy the original Transform using instantiate for performance issues. How can I perform such a task? I think I have more or less 2 possibilities: First Don't modify the GameObject position through Transform. Calculate which will be the position after the transform. If the position is legal, modify transform through Translate and Rotate methods Second Store the original transform someway. Transform the object using Translate and Rotate. If the transformed position is illegal, restore the original one.

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• Unity: parallel vectors and cross product, how to compare vectors

  - by Heisenbug

  I read this post explaining a method to understand if the angle between 2 given vectors and the normal to the plane described by them, is clockwise or anticlockwise: public static AngleDir GetAngleDirection(Vector3 beginDir, Vector3 endDir, Vector3 upDir) { Vector3 cross = Vector3.Cross(beginDir, endDir); float dot = Vector3.Dot(cross, upDir); if (dot > 0.0f) return AngleDir.CLOCK; else if (dot < 0.0f) return AngleDir.ANTICLOCK; return AngleDir.PARALLEL; } After having used it a little bit, I think it's wrong. If I supply the same vector as input (beginDir equal to endDir), the cross product is zero, but the dot product is a little bit more than zero. I think that to fix that I can simply check if the cross product is zero, means that the 2 vectors are parallel, but my code doesn't work. I tried the following solution: Vector3 cross = Vector3.Cross(beginDir, endDir); if (cross == Vector.zero) return AngleDir.PARALLEL; And it doesn't work because comparison between Vector.zero and cross is always different from zero (even if cross is actually [0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f]). I tried also this: Vector3 cross = Vector3.Cross(beginDir, endDir); if (cross.magnitude == 0.0f) return AngleDir.PARALLEL; it also fails because magnitude is slightly more than zero. So my question is: given 2 Vector3 in Unity, how to compare them? I need the elegant equivalent version of this: if (beginDir.x == endDir.x && beginDir.y == endDir.y && beginDir.z == endDir.z) return true;

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• Unity3D: default parameters in C# script

  - by Heisenbug

  Accordingly to this thread, it seems that default parameters aren't supported by C# script in Unity3D environment. Declaring an optional parameter in a C# scirpt makes Mono Ide complaint about it: void Foo(int first, int second = 10) // this line is marked as wrong inside Mono IDE Anyway if I ignore the error message of Mono and run the script in Unity, it works without notify any error inside Unity Console. Could anyone clarify a little bit this issue? Particularly: Are default parameters allowed inside C# scripts? If yes, are they supported by all platforms? Why Mono complains about them if the actually works?

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• Strange behavior of RigidBody with gravity and impulse applied

  - by Heisenbug

  I'm doing some experiments trying to figure out how physics works in Unity. I created a cube mesh with a BoxCollider and a RigidBody. The cuve is laying on a mesh plane with a BoxCollider. I'm trying to update the object position applying a force on its RigidBody. Inside script FixedUpdate function I'm doing the following: public void FixedUpdate() { if (leftButtonPressed()) this.rigidbody.AddForce( this.transform.forward * this.forceStrength, ForceMode.Impulse); } Despite the object is aligned with the world axis and the force is applied along Z axis, it performs a quite big rotation movement around its y axis. Since I didn't modify the center of mass and the BoxCollider position and dimension, all values should be fine. Removing gravity and letting the object flying without touching the plane, the problem doesn't show. So I suppose it's related to the friction between objects, but I can't understand exactly which is the problem. Why this? What's my mistake? How can I fix this, or what's the right way to do such a moving an object on a plane through a force impulse?

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• Event Driven Behavior Tree: deterministic traversal order with parallel

  - by Heisenbug

  I've studied several articles and listen some talks about behavior trees (mostly the resources available on AIGameDev by Alex J. Champandard). I'm particularly interested on event driven behavior trees, but I have still some doubts on how to implement them correctly using a scheduler. Just a quick recap: Standard Behavior Tree Each execution tick the tree is traversed from the root in depth-first order The execution order is implicitly expressed by the tree structure. So in the case of behaviors parented to a parallel node, even if both children are executed during the same traversing, the first leaf is always evaluated first. Event Driven BT During the first traversal the nodes (tasks) are enqueued using a scheduler which is responsible for updating only running ones every update The first traversal implicitly produce a depth-first ordered queue in the scheduler Non leaf nodes stays suspended mostly of the time. When a leaf node terminate(either with success or fail status) the parent (observer) is waked up allowing the tree traversing to continue and new tasks will be enqueued in the scheduler Without parallel nodes in the tree there will be up to 1 task running in the scheduler Without parallel nodes, the tasks in the queue(excluding dynamic priority implementation) will be always ordered in a depth-first order (is this right?) Now, from what is my understanding of a possible implementation, there are 2 requirements I think must be respected(I'm not sure though): Now, some requirements I think needs to be guaranteed by a correct implementation are: The result of the traversing should be independent from which implementation strategy is used. The traversing result must be deterministic. I'm struggling trying to guarantee both in the case of parallel nodes. Here's an example: Parallel_1 -->Sequence_1 ---->leaf_A ---->leaf_B -->leaf_C Considering a FIFO policy of the scheduler, before leaf_A node terminates the tasks in the scheduler are: P1(suspended),S1(suspended),leaf_A(running),leaf_C(running) When leaf_A terminate leaf_B will be scheduled (at the end of the queue), so the queue will become: P1(suspended),S1(suspended),leaf_C(running),leaf_B(running) In this case leaf_B will be executed after leaf_C at every update, meanwhile with a non event-driven traversing from the root node, the leaf_B will always be evaluated before leaf_A. So I have a couple of question: do I have understand correctly how event driven BT work? How can I guarantee the depth first order is respected with such an implementation? is this a common issue or am I missing something?

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• Understanding Unity3d physics: where is the force applied?

  - by Heisenbug

  I'm trying to understand which is the right way to apply forces to a RigidBody. I noticed that there are AddForce and AddRelativeForce methods, one applied in world space coordinate system meanwhile the other in the local space. The thing that I do not understand is the following: usually in physics library (es. Bullet) we can specify the force vector and also the force application point. How can I do this in Unity? Is it possible to apply a force vector in a specific point relative to the given RigidBody coordinate system? Where does AddForce apply the force?

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• XNA: draw a sprite in 3d, is that possible?

  - by Heisenbug

  since now I always used sprited to draw in 2D: spriteBatch.Draw(myTexture, rectangle, color); (I suppose the texture is binded internally to 2 triangles and then scaled.) Now, I'm porting my game in 3D and I have to draw several planes (walls, floor, roof,..). Do I need to manually binding a texture to a geometry (for example using VertexPositionColorTexture with VertexBuffer and IndexBuffer), or is there any simpler way to do that? I'm looking for something like spriteBatch.Draw with the rectangle clip specified in 3d space: spriteBatch.Draw(myTexture, rectangleIn3D, color);

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• How can I install Ubuntu alongside Fedora?

  - by user285248

  I am currently running Fedora and would like to duel boot with Ubuntu. I do not want to replace Fedora, I would like to keep it as my main OS. However, when using the Ubuntu installer I only get the option to either: "Replace Fedora release 20 (Heisenbug) with Ubuntu" or "Something else" Is there I way I can install ubuntu alongside Fedora without deleting it? If so, as I would like fedora to be my main OS, is there also a way to make it the top grub option? I have tried partitioning with gparted however I can't split the fedora partition, it says it is all used however I have only used about 100/500GB. I am trying to install ubuntu 13.10 off a live USB stick, I will upgrade to 14.04 when I install it but don't want to make a new live USB.

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• GWT application throws an exception when run on Google Chrome with compiler output style set to 'OBF

  - by Elifarley

  I'd like to know if you guys have faced the same problem I'm facing, and how you are dealing with it. Sometimes, a small and harmless change in a Java class ensues strange errors at runtime. These errors only happen if BOTH conditions below are true: 2) the application is run on Google Chrome, and 1) the GWT JavaScript compiler output style is set to 'OBF'. So, running the application on Firefox or IE always works. Running with the output style set to 'pretty' or 'detailed' always works, even on Google Chrome. Here's an example of error message that I got: "((TypeError): Property 'top' of object [object DOMWindow] is not a function stack" And here's what I have: - GWT 1.5.3 - GXT 1.2.4 - Google Chrome 4 and 5 - Windows XP In order to get rid of this Heisenbug, I have to either deploy my application without obfuscation or endure a time-consuming trial-and-error process in which I re-implement the change in slightly different ways and re-run the application, until the GWT compiler is happy with my code. Would you have a better idea on how to avoid this?

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• Why does this attempt at preloading images with jQuery not work?

  - by Eric

  Current I have this code: var imgCount = 36; var container = $('#3D-spin'); var loaded = 0; function onLoad() { alert(loaded); loaded++; if(loaded >= imgCount) { alert('yay'); } } for(var i = imgCount-1; i >= 0; i--) { container.prepend( $('<img>') .one('load', onLoad) .attr('alt', 'View from '+(i*360/imgCount)+'\u00B0') .attr('src', '/images/3d-spin/robot ('+i+').jpg') ); } However, it's behaving VERY strangely. Normally, I get no alert boxes. However, if I open developer tools, and pause script execution, I get a single alert that says 0. There's nothign like a good old heisenbug! A live example can be found here. The script itself is called style.js, and it is clear that images have loaded. Am I doing something stupidly, or is jQuery playing up?

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• Reliable and fast way to convert a zillion ODT files in PDF?

  - by Marco Mariani

  I need to pre-produce a million or two PDF files from a simple template (a few pages and tables) with embedded fonts. Usually, I would stay low level in a case like this, and compose everything with a library like ReportLab, but I joined late in the project. Currently, I have a template.odt and use markers in the content.xml files to fill with data from a DB. I can smoothly create the ODT files, they always look rigth. For the ODT to PDF conversion, I'm using openoffice in server mode (and PyODConverter w/ named pipe), but it's not very reliable: in a batch of documents, there is eventually a point after which all the processed files are converted into garbage (wrong fonts and letters sprawled all over the page). Problem is not predictably reproducible (does not depend on the data), happens in OOo 2.3 and 3.2, in Ubuntu, XP, Server 2003 and Windows 7. My Heisenbug detector is ticking. I tried to reduce the size of batches and restarting OOo after each one; still, a small percentage of the documents are messed up. Of course I'll write about this on the Ooo mailing lists, but in the meanwhile, I have a delivery and lost too much time already. Where do I go? Completely avoid the ODT format and go for another template system. Suggestions? Anything that takes a few seconds to run is way too slow. OOo takes around a second and it sums to 15 days of processing time. I had to write a program for clustering the jobs over several clients. Keep the format but go for another tool/program for the conversion. Which one? There are many apps in the shareware or commercial repositories for windows, but trying each one is a daunting task. Some are too slow, some cannot be run in batch without buying it first, some cannot work from command line, etc. Open source tools tend not to reinvent the wheel and often depend on openoffice. Converting to an intermediate .DOC format could help to avoid the OOo bug, but it would double the processing time and complicate a task that is already too hairy. Try to produce the PDFs twice and compare them, discarding the whole batch if there's something wrong. Although the documents look equal, I know of no way to compare the binary content. Restart OOo after processing each document. it would take a lot more time to produce them it would lower the percentage of the wrong files, and make it very hard to identify them. Go for ReportLab and recreate the pages programmatically. This is the approach I'm going to try in a few minutes. Learn to properly format bulleted lists Thanks a lot.

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