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  • What is the kd tree intersection logic?

    - by bobobobo
    I'm trying to figure out how to implement a KD tree. On page 322 of "Real time collision detection" by Ericson The text section is included below in case Google book preview doesn't let you see it the time you click the link text section Relevant section: The basic idea behind intersecting a ray or directed line segment with a k-d tree is straightforward. The line is intersected against the node's splitting plane, and the t value of intersection is computed. If t is within the interval of the line, 0 <= t <= tmax, the line straddles the plane and both children of the tree are recursively descended. If not, only the side containing the segment origin is recursively visited. So here's what I have: (open image in new tab if you can't see the lettering) The logical tree Here the orange ray is going thru the 3d scene. The x's represent intersection with a plane. From the LEFT, the ray hits: The front face of the scene's enclosing cube, The (1) splitting plane The (2.2) splitting plane The right side of the scene's enclosing cube But here's what would happen, naively following Ericson's basic description above: Test against splitting plane (1). Ray hits splitting plane (1), so left and right children of splitting plane (1) are included in next test. Test against splitting plane (2.1). Ray actually hits that plane, (way off to the right) so both children are included in next level of tests. (This is counter-intuitive - shouldn't only the bottom node be included in subsequent tests) Can some one describe what happens when the orange ray goes through the scene correctly?

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  • What library for octrees or kd-trees?

    - by Will
    Are there any robust performant libraries for indexing objects? It would need frustum culling and visiting objects hit by a ray as well as neighbourhood searches. I can find lots of articles showing the math for the component parts, often as algebra rather than simple C, but nothing that puts it all together (apart from perhaps Ogre, which has rather more involved and isn't so stand-alone). Surely hobby game makers don't all have to make their own octrees? (Python or C/C++ w/bindings preferred)

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  • KD-Trees and missing values (vector comparison)

    - by labratmatt
    I have a system that stores vectors and allows a user to find the n most similar vectors to the user's query vector. That is, a user submits a vector (I call it a query vector) and my system spits out "here are the n most similar vectors." I generate the similar vectors using a KD-Tree and everything works well, but I want to do more. I want to present a list of the n most similar vectors even if the user doesn't submit a complete vector (a vector with missing values). That is, if a user submits a vector with three dimensions, I still want to find the n nearest vectors (stored vectors are of 11 dimensions) I have stored. I have a couple of obvious solutions, but I'm not sure either one seem very good: Create multiple KD-Trees each built using the most popular subset of dimensions a user will search for. That is, if a user submits a query vector of thee dimensions, x, y, z, I match that query to my already built KD-Tree which only contains vectors of three dimensions, x, y, z. Ignore KD-Trees when a user submits a query vector with missing values and compare the query vector to the vectors (stored in a table in a DB) one by one using something like a dot product. This has to be a common problem, any suggestions? Thanks for the help.

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  • Confused about definition of a 'median' when constructing a kd-Tree

    - by user352636
    Hi there. Im trying to build a kd-tree for searching through a set of points, but am getting confused about the use of 'median' in the wikipedia article. For ease of use, the wikipedia article states the pseudo-code of kd-tree construction as: function kdtree (list of points pointList, int depth) { if pointList is empty return nil; else { // Select axis based on depth so that axis cycles through all valid values var int axis := depth mod k; // Sort point list and choose median as pivot element select median by axis from pointList; // Create node and construct subtrees var tree_node node; node.location := median; node.leftChild := kdtree(points in pointList before median, depth+1); node.rightChild := kdtree(points in pointList after median, depth+1); return node; } } I'm getting confused about the "select median..." line, simply because I'm not quite sure what is the 'right' way to apply a median here. As far as I know, the median of an odd-sized (sorted) list of numbers is the middle element (aka, for a list of 5 things, element number 3, or index 2 in a standard zero-based array), and the median of an even-sized array is the sum of the two 'middle' elements divided by two (aka, for a list of 6 things, the median is the sum of elements 3 and 4 - or 2 and 3, if zero-indexed - divided by 2.). However, surely that definition does not work here as we are working with a distinct set of points? How then does one choose the correct median for an even-sized list of numbers, especially for a length 2 list? I appreciate any and all help, thanks! -Stephen

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  • What does the windbg command "kd" do?

    - by Oskar
    I ran kd by mistake and got some output that inteerested me, a reference to a line of code in my module that I can't see on the call stack of any thread. The lines weren't the beginnning of the method so I don't think the reference is to a function pointer, but possibly the result of an exception being stored in memory??? Of course, that happens to be what I'm looking for... Update: The stack trace of the exception is: 0:000> kb *** Stack trace for last set context - .thread/.cxr resets it ChildEBP RetAddr Args to Child 0174f168 734ea84f 2cb9e950 00000000 2cb9e950 kernel32!LoadTimeZoneInformation+0x2b 0174f1c4 734ead92 00000022 00000001 000685d0 msvbvm60! RUN_INSTMGR::ExecuteInitTerm+0x178 0174f1f8 734ea9ee 00000000 0000002f 2dbc2abc msvbvm60! RUN_INSTMGR::CreateObjInstanceWithParts+0x1e4 0174f278 7350414e 2cb9e96c 00000000 0174f2f0 msvbvm60! RUN_INSTMGR::CreateObjInstance+0x14d 0174f2e4 734fa071 00000000 2cb9e96c 0174f2fc msvbvm60!RcmConstructObjectInstance+0x75 0174f31c 00976ef1 2cb9e950 00591bc0 0174fddc msvbvm60!__vbaNew+0x21 and into our code (create a new Form derived class) the dds output: 0:000> dds esp-0x40 esp+0x100 0174f05c 00000000 0174f060 00000000 0174f064 00000000 0174f068 00000000 0174f06c 00000000 0174f070 00000000 0174f074 00000000 0174f078 00000000 0174f07c 00000000 0174f080 00000000 0174f084 00000000 0174f088 00000000 0174f08c 00000000 0174f090 00000000 0174f094 00000000 0174f098 00000000 0174f09c 007f4f9b ourDll!formDerivedClass::Form_Initialize+0x10b [C:\Buildbox\formDerivedClass.frm @ 1452] etc which seems to indicate that Initialize is being called even though it isn't on the stack trace of either this exception or any of the threads. As suggested, it might all be a mismatch between pdbs and dlls, but it seems a coincidence that we end up in the right classes and methods

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  • Scene graphs and spatial partitioning structures: What do you really need?

    - by tapirath
    I've been fiddling with 2D games for awhile and I'm trying to go into 3D game development. I thought I should get my basics right first. From what I read scene graphs hold your game objects/entities and their relation to each other like 'a tire' would be the child of 'a vehicle'. It's mainly used for frustum/occlusion culling and minimizing the collision checks between the objects. Spatial partitioning structures on the other hand are used to divide a big game object (like the map) to smaller parts so that you can gain performance by only drawing the relevant polygons and again minimizing the collision checks to those polygons only. Also a spatial partitioning data structure can be used as a node in a scene graph. But... I've been reading about both subjects and I've seen a lot of "scene graphs are useless" and "BSP performance gain is irrelevant with modern hardware" kind of articles. Also some of the game engines I've checked like gameplay3d and jmonkeyengine are only using a scene graph (That also may be because they don't want to limit the developers). Whereas games like Quake and Half-Life only use spatial partitioning. I'm aware that the usage of these structures very much depend on the type of the game you're developing so for the sake of clarity let's assume the game is a FPS like Counter-Strike with some better outdoor environment capabilities (like a terrain). The obvious question is which one is needed and why (considering the modern hardware capabilities). Thank you.

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  • Is it possible to find the KNN for a node that is *IN* the KD-tree?

    - by Stephen
    Hi there, Trying to create a KNN search using a KD-tree. I can form the KD-tree fine (or at least, I believe I can!). My problem is that I am searching to find the closest 2 neighbours to every point in a list of points. So, is there a method to find the K nearest neighbours to a point using a KD tree even if the point is actually IN the tree, or do I need to construct a seperate KD tree for each point, leaving out the point that I wish to search for? My implementation language is C++, but I am more looking for either an algorithm or general help, thanks! Thanks, Stephen

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  • How to give the First image in a gallery a different class than the rest of the images - Carrierwave

    - by ChrisBedoya
    I have a model called "Photo" that belongs to a model called "Shoe". I using Carrierwave to upload multiple images. index.html.erb <% shoes.each do |shoe| %> <div class="shoe"> <div class="gallery"> <% shoe.photos.each do |photo| %> <%= link_to image_tag(photo.photo_file.url(:thumb).to_s), photo.photo_file.url.to_s, :class => 'fancybox', :rel => 'gallery' %> <% end %> </div> </div> <% end %> Outputs this: <div class="shoe"> <div class="gallery"> <a class="fancybox" href="../nike-kd-6-meteorology-2.jpg" rel="gallery"> <img src="../thumb_nike-kd-6-meteorology-2.jpg"> </a> <a class="fancybox" href="../nike-kd-6-meteorology-2.jpg" rel="gallery"> <img src="../thumb_nike-kd-6-meteorology-2.jpg"> </a> <a class="fancybox" href="../nike-kd-6-meteorology-2.jpg" rel="gallery"> <img src="../thumb_nike-kd-6-meteorology-2.jpg"> </a> </div> </div> But I want the first image of each gallery to be able to have its own class and the rest of the images to have their own class. Something like this: <a class="firstclass" href="../nike-kd-6-meteorology-2.jpg" rel="gallery"> <img src="../thumb_nike-kd-6-meteorology-2.jpg"> </a> <a class="fancybox" href="../nike-kd-6-meteorology-2.jpg" rel="gallery"> <img src="../thumb_nike-kd-6-meteorology-2.jpg"> </a> <a class="fancybox" href="../nike-kd-6-meteorology-2.jpg" rel="gallery"> <img src="../thumb_nike-kd-6-meteorology-2.jpg"> </a> How can I do this? Also I want each gallery to have its own unique id but when I try to add this: :rel => 'gallery<%= shoe.id %>' I get a Syntax error. Thanks.

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  • jQuery plugin Breaks after ajax call

    - by Jason
    Hello, I am quite a newbie to jQuery/ajax but am having a problem with my site that im making. Basically at first the page loads fine. On the boxes is a fade caption, when the title of the caption is clicked you are brought to an ajax page. Once you use the 'Back' button on browser, or the 'Back to list' button i've made the caption fade plugin no longer works and the box i had previously clicked is no longer clickable. can anyone help? heres my website: http://www.jcianfrone.com/testing jquery: h**p://www.jcianfrone.com/testing/script.js HTML: <div id="pageContent"> <div class="item"><a href="#page6"><img src="images/wrk-kd.jpg" width="286" height="200" alt="Koodikkki"></a><span id="caption"><a href="#">Title</a><p>Description</p></span></div> <div class="item"><a href="#page7"><img src="images/wrk-kd.jpg" width="286" height="200" alt="Koodikkki"></a><span id="caption"><a href="#">Title</a><p>Description</p></span></div> <div class="item"><a href="#page8"><img src="images/wrk-kd.jpg" width="286" height="200" alt="Koodikkki"></a><span id="caption"><a href="#">Title</a><p>Description</p></span></div> <div class="item"><a href="#page9"><img src="images/wrk-kd.jpg" width="286" height="200" alt="Koodikkki"></a><span id="caption"><a href="#">Title</a><p>Description</p></span></div> </div> Many thanks in advance

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  • Problem with JavaScript arithmetic

    - by Lynn
    I have a form for my customers to add budget projections. A prominent user wants to be able to show dollar values in either dollars, Kila-dollars or Mega-dollars. I'm trying to achieve this with a group of radio buttons that call the following JavaScript function, but am having problems with rounding that make the results look pretty crummy. Any advice would be much appreciated! Lynn function setDollars(new_mode) { var factor; var myfield; var myval; var cur_mode = document.proj_form.cur_dollars.value; if(cur_mode == new_mode) { return; } else if((cur_mode == 'd')&&(new_mode == 'kd')) { factor = "0.001"; } else if((cur_mode == 'd')&&(new_mode == 'md')) { factor = "0.000001"; } else if((cur_mode == 'kd')&&(new_mode == 'd')) { factor = "1000"; } else if((cur_mode == 'kd')&&(new_mode == 'md')) { factor = "0.001"; } else if((cur_mode == 'md')&&(new_mode == 'kd')) { factor = "1000"; } else if((cur_mode == 'md')&&(new_mode == 'd')) { factor = "1000000"; } document.proj_form.cur_dollars.value = new_mode; var cur_idx = document.proj_form.cur_idx.value; var available_slots = 13 - cur_idx; var td_name; var cell; var new_value; //Adjust dollar values for projections for(i=1;i<13;i++) { var myfield = eval('document.proj_form.proj_'+i); if(myfield.value == '') { myfield.value = 0; } var myval = parseFloat(myfield.value) * parseFloat(factor); myfield.value = myval; if(i < cur_idx) { document.getElementById("actual_"+i).innerHTML = myval; } }

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  • Dynamically assembling SQL queries in Java

    - by kd
    What is the best way to assemble an SQL query with join conditions dynamically? I don't want to hard code the query for each different condition on a webpage or a set of webpages. Is it even feasible? I got as far as being able to assemble simple queries but i got stumped when i needed to insert join conditions, i.e. how to figure out dependencies for joins etc.

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  • how to search some character inside string

    - by klox
    i have been type some string inside textfield that is "KD-G435MUN2D"... i already use this code for search "UD" character from that string: <script> var str="KD-R435MUN2D"; var patt1=/UD/gi; document.write(str.match(patt1)); </script> but this code doesn't work..where is my fault?

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  • need code for search another character

    - by klox
    hi,all..i have this code: var str = "KD-R435MUN2D"; var hasUD; var patt1 = str.match(/U/gi); var patt2 = str.match(/D/gi); if (patt1 && patt2) { hasUD = 'UD'; } else { hasUD = false; } document.write(hasUD); how to modify this code if i want search JD from var str="KD-S35JWD"..i try this but doesn't work: <script type="text/javascript"> var str = "KD-R435jwd"; var hasUD; var hasJD; var patt1 = str.match(/U/gi); var patt2 = str.match(/J/gi); var patt3 = str.match(/D/gi); if (patt1 && patt3) { hasUD = 'UD'; document.write(hasUD); } elseif (patt2 && patt3) { hasJD = 'JD'; document.write(hasJD); } </script>

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  • How to improve Minecraft-esque voxel world performance?

    - by SomeXnaChump
    After playing Minecraft I marveled a bit at its large worlds but at the same time I found them extremely slow to navigate, even with a quad core and meaty graphics card. Now I assume Minecraft is fairly slow because: A) It's written in Java, and as most of the spatial partitioning and memory management activities happen in there, it would naturally be slower than a native C++ version. B) It doesn't partition its world very well. I could be wrong on both assumptions; however it got me thinking about the best way to manage large voxel worlds. As it is a true 3D world, where a block can exist in any part of the world, it is basically a big 3D array [x][y][z], where each block in the world has a type (i.e BlockType.Empty = 0, BlockType.Dirt = 1 etc.) Now, I am assuming to make this sort of world perform well you would need to: A) Use a tree of some variety (oct/kd/bsp) to split all the cubes out; it seems like an oct/kd would be the better option as you can just partition on a per cube level not a per triangle level. B) Use some algorithm to work out which blocks can currently be seen, as blocks closer to the user could obfuscate the blocks behind, making it pointless to render them. C) Keep the block object themselves lightweight, so it is quick to add and remove them from the trees. I guess there is no right answer to this, but I would be interested to see peoples' opinions on the subject. How would you improve performance in a large voxel-based world?

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  • What is the best way to manage large 3d worlds (i.e minecraft style)?

    - by SomeXnaChump
    After playing minecraft I was marvelling a bit at their large worlds but at the same time finding it extremely slow to navigate, even with a quad core and meaty graphics card. Now I assume its fairly slow because: A) Its written in Java, and as most of the actual spatial partitioning and other memory management activities happen in there it would be slower than a native C++ version. B) They are not partitioning their world very well I could be wrong on both assumptions, however it got me thinking about the best way to manage large worlds. As it is more of a true 3d world, where a block can exist in any part of the world, it is basically a big 3d array [x][y][z], where each block in the world has a type (i.e BlockType.Empty = 0, BlockType.Dirt = 1 etc). Now I am assuming to make this sort of world performant you would need to: a) Use a tree of some variety (oct/kd/bsp) to split all the cubes out, it seems like an oct/kd would be the better option as you can just partition on a per cube level not a per triangle level. b) Use some algorithm to work out if the blocks within the scene can currently be seen, as blocks closer to the user could obfuscate the blocks behind, making it pointless to render them. c) Keep the block object themselves lightweight, so it is quick to add and remove them from the trees I guess there is no right answer to this, but I would be interested to see peoples opinions on the subject.

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  • Error using `loess.smooth` but not `loess` or `lowess`

    - by Sandy
    I need to smooth some simulated data, but occasionally run into problems when the simulated ordinates to be smoothed are mostly the same value. Here is a small reproducible example of the simplest case. > x <- 0:50 > y <- rep(0,51) > loess.smooth(x,y) Error in simpleLoess(y, x, w, span, degree, FALSE, FALSE, normalize = FALSE, : NA/NaN/Inf in foreign function call (arg 1) loess(y~x), lowess(x,y), and their analogue in MATLAB produce the expected results without error on this example. I am using loess.smooth here because I need the estimates evaluated at a set number of points. According to the documentation, I believe loess.smooth and loess are using the same estimation functions, but the former is an "auxiliary function" to handle the evaluation points. The error seems to come from a C function: > traceback() 3: .C(R_loess_raw, as.double(pseudovalues), as.double(x), as.double(weights), as.double(weights), as.integer(D), as.integer(N), as.double(span), as.integer(degree), as.integer(nonparametric), as.integer(order.drop.sqr), as.integer(sum.drop.sqr), as.double(span * cell), as.character(surf.stat), temp = double(N), parameter = integer(7), a = integer(max.kd), xi = double(max.kd), vert = double(2 * D), vval = double((D + 1) * max.kd), diagonal = double(N), trL = double(1), delta1 = double(1), delta2 = double(1), as.integer(0L)) 2: simpleLoess(y, x, w, span, degree, FALSE, FALSE, normalize = FALSE, "none", "interpolate", control$cell, iterations, control$trace.hat) 1: loess.smooth(x, y) loess also calls simpleLoess, but with what appears to be different arguments. Of course, if you vary enough of the y values to be nonzero, loess.smooth runs without error, but I need the program to run in even the most extreme case. Hopefully, someone can help me with one and/or all of the following: Understand why only loess.smooth, and not the other functions, produces this error and find a solution for this problem. Find a work-around using loess but still evaluating the estimate at a specified number of points that can differ from the vector x. For example, I might want to use only x <- seq(0,50,10) in the smoothing, but evaluate the estimate at x <- 0:50. As far as I know, using predict with a new data frame will not properly handle this situation, but please let me know if I am missing something there. Handle the error in a way that doesn't stop the program from moving onto the next simulated data set. Thanks in advance for any help on this problem.

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  • how to read character behind some text

    - by klox
    this one a code for read two character behind text "KD-R411ED" var code = data[0].substr(data[0].length - 2); how to read ED character if text like KD-R411H2EDT? i want a new code can combine with code above..please help!! look this: $("#tags1").change(function() { var barcode; barCode=$("#tags1").val(); var data=barCode.split(" "); $("#tags1").val(data[0]); $("#tags2").val(data[1]); var code = data[0].substr(data[0].length - 2); // suggested by Jan Willem B if (code == 'UD') { $('#check1').attr('checked','checked'); } else { if (code == 'ED') { $('#check2').attr('checked','checked'); } }

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  • How to view the GDTR's value ?

    - by Mehdi Asgari
    Hi In the book "Rootkit Arsenal" page 84 (Chapter 3) mentions: ..., we can view the contents of the target machine's descriptor registers using the command with the 0x100 mask: kd rM 0x100 and a paragraph below: Note that the same task can be accomplished by specifying the GDTR components explicitly: kd r gdtr .... I run Windbg on my Win XP (inside VMWare) and choose the Kernel Debug - Local. My problem is in case of first command, windbg errors with: lkd rM 0x100 ^ Operation not supported in current debug session 'rM 0x100' and in the second command: lkd r gdtr ^ Bad register error in 'r gdtr' Can anyone guide me ?

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  • Realtek RTL8168/8111E onboard NIC not recognized - the everlasting problem?

    - by Nikioko
    I used the newest vendor driver for my onboard NIC (board: ASUS M5A97 Pro) and those sites to get it running on kernel 3.0: http://www.twm-kd.com/linux/realtek-rtl81688111e-and-ubuntu-linux/ The problem now is, that this doesn't work with either kernel 3.1 or 3.2: https://code.google.com/p/r8168/issues/detail?id=6 My question is: does anyone have a solution to get it run on the newest kernel? Or is this a plaque I have to carry forever?

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  • addEventListener() isn't detecting KEY_UP nor KEY_DOWN

    - by Zirenth
    My full code is import flash.events.KeyboardEvent; import flash.events.Event; //init some variables var speedX = 0; var speedY = 0; msg.visible = false; var curLevel = 2; var level = new Array(); var flagVar; var won = false; //Adding level platforms for(var i = 0; i < numChildren; i++) { if(getChildAt(i) is platform) { level.push(getChildAt(i).getRect(this)); } if(getChildAt(i) is flag) { flagVar = getChildAt(i).getRect(this); } } //Checking key presses var kUp = false; var kDown = false; var kLeft = false; var kRight = false; var kSpace = false; stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN, kD); stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_UP, kU); function kD(k:KeyboardEvent) { trace("Key down - " + k.keyCode); if(k.keyCode == 32) { kSpace = true; } if(k.keyCode == 37 ) { kLeft = true; } if(k.keyCode == 38) { kUp = true; } if(k.keyCode == 39) { kRight = true; } } function kU(k:KeyboardEvent) { trace("Key up - " + k.keyCode); if(k.keyCode == 32) { kSpace = false; } if(k.keyCode == 37) { kLeft = false; } if(k.keyCode == 38) { kUp = false; } if(k.keyCode == 39) { kRight = false; } } addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, loopAround); function loopAround(e:Event) { //horizontal movement if(kLeft) { speedX = -10; } else if(kRight) { speedX = 10; } else { speedX *= 0.5; } player.x += speedX; //horizontal collision checks for(var i = 0; i < level.length; i++) { if(player.getRect(this).intersects(level[i])) { if(speedX > 0) { player.x = level[i].left - player.width; } if(speedX < 0) { player.x = level[i].right; } speedX = 0; } } //vertical movement speedY += 1; player.y += speedY; var jumpable = false; //Vertical collision for(i = 0; i < level.length; i++) { if(player.getRect(this).intersects(level[i])) { if(speedY > 0) { player.y = level[i].top - player.height; speedY = 0; jumpable = true; } if(speedY < 0) { player.y = level[i].bottom; speedY *= -0.5; } } } //JUMP! if((kUp || kSpace) && jumpable) { speedY=-20; } //Moving camera and other this.x = -player.x + (stage.stageWidth/2); this.y = -player.y + (stage.stageHeight/2); msg.x = player.x - (msg.width/2); msg.y = player.y - (msg.height/2); //Checking win if(player.getRect(this).intersects(flagVar)) { msg.visible = true; won = true; } //Check for next level request if(kSpace && won) { curLevel++; gotoAndStop(curLevel); won = false; } } The section in question is //Checking key presses var kUp = false; var kDown = false; var kLeft = false; var kRight = false; var kSpace = false; stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN, kD); stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_UP, kU); function kD(k:KeyboardEvent) { trace("Key down - " + k.keyCode); if(k.keyCode == 32) { kSpace = true; } if(k.keyCode == 37 ) { kLeft = true; } if(k.keyCode == 38) { kUp = true; } if(k.keyCode == 39) { kRight = true; } } function kU(k:KeyboardEvent) { trace("Key up - " + k.keyCode); if(k.keyCode == 32) { kSpace = false; } if(k.keyCode == 37) { kLeft = false; } if(k.keyCode == 38) { kUp = false; } if(k.keyCode == 39) { kRight = false; } } This was working fine last night, but today I moved it to a new keyframe and now it's not working. I'm not getting any errors (even if I debug). It just won't move the character or even show up in output. I'm still quite new to as3, so I don't really know what to do. Thanks in advance. Edit: After playing with it a bit, I've found out that the reason it's not working is due to the menu. The menu has a single button and two text elements, which are fine. The code that I'm using on the menu is this: import flash.events.MouseEvent; stop(); var format:TextFormat = new TextFormat(); format.size = 26; format.bold = true; playGameButton.setStyle("textFormat", format); stage.addEventListener(MouseEvent.CLICK, playGame); function playGame(e:MouseEvent) { if(e.target.name == "playGameButton") { gotoAndStop(2); } } If I use just gotoAndStop(2); it works fine, but with everything else it just goes to the second frame, and nothing else works after that. Edit #2: I've narrowed it down even farther to the if statement itself. if(e.target == playGameButton) if(e.target.name == "playGameButton") Both of those don't work. If I just remove the if statement all together it works perfectly fine.

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  • .change(function) can control two command

    - by klox
    dear all..i've a textfield, it using barcode scanner for input data..after scan it shows KD-R411ED 105X0001... I'm successful separate them into two text field use ".change(function)" $("#tags1").change(function() { var barcode; barCode=$("#tags1").val(); var data=barCode.split(" "); $("#tags1").val(data[0]); $("#tags2").val(data[1]); }); what i want is beside make them separate after ".change(function)" another script can read two character behind "KD-R411ED"..that is "ED"..this character can make a radiobutton which id="check1" are checked.. what's code which can combine with code above? this my complete code.. $("#tags1").change(function() { var barcode; barCode=$("#tags1").val(); var data=barCode.split(" "); $("#tags1").val(data[0]); $("#tags2").val(data[1]); var code = data[0].substr(data[0].length - 2); // suggested by Jan Willem B if (code =='UD') $('#check1').attr('checked','checked'); } else { if (code == 'ED') { $('#check2').attr('checked','checked'); } } and this the form <input id="check1" type="radio" class="check" name="check" onclick="addtext()" value="U" />U <input id="check2" type="radio" class="check" name="check" onclick="addtext_1()" value="E" />E the radiobutton still not response

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  • OpenGL render vs. own Phong Illumination Implementation

    - by Myx
    Hello: I have implemented a Phong Illumination Scheme using a camera that's centered at (0,0,0) and looking directly at the sphere primitive. The following are the relevant contents of the scene file that is used to view the scene using OpenGL as well as to render the scene using my own implementation: ambient 0 1 0 dir_light 1 1 1 -3 -4 -5 # A red sphere with 0.5 green ambiance, centered at (0,0,0) with radius 1 material 0 0.5 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 0 sphere 0 0 0 0 1 The resulting image produced by OpenGL. The image that my rendering application produces. As you can see, there are various differences between the two: The specular highlight on my image is smaller than the one in OpenGL. The diffuse surface seems to not diffuse in the correct way, resulting in the yellow region to be unneccessarily large in my image, whereas in OpenGL there's a nice dark green region closer to the bottom of the sphere The color produced by OpenGL is much darker than the one in my image. Those are the most prominent three differences that I see. The following is my implementation of the Phong illumination: R3Rgb Phong(R3Scene *scene, R3Ray *ray, R3Intersection *intersection) { R3Rgb radiance; if(intersection->hit == 0) { radiance = scene->background; return radiance; } R3Vector normal = intersection->normal; R3Rgb Kd = intersection->node->material->kd; R3Rgb Ks = intersection->node->material->ks; // obtain ambient term R3Rgb intensity_ambient = intersection->node->material->ka*scene->ambient; // obtain emissive term R3Rgb intensity_emission = intersection->node->material->emission; // for each light in the scene, obtain calculate the diffuse and specular terms R3Rgb intensity_diffuse(0,0,0,1); R3Rgb intensity_specular(0,0,0,1); for(unsigned int i = 0; i < scene->lights.size(); i++) { R3Light *light = scene->Light(i); R3Rgb light_color = LightIntensity(scene->Light(i), intersection->position); R3Vector light_vector = -LightDirection(scene->Light(i), intersection->position); // calculate diffuse reflection intensity_diffuse += Kd*normal.Dot(light_vector)*light_color; // calculate specular reflection R3Vector reflection_vector = 2.*normal.Dot(light_vector)*normal-light_vector; reflection_vector.Normalize(); R3Vector viewing_vector = ray->Start() - intersection->position; viewing_vector.Normalize(); double n = intersection->node->material->shininess; intensity_specular += Ks*pow(max(0.,viewing_vector.Dot(reflection_vector)),n)*light_color; } radiance = intensity_emission+intensity_ambient+intensity_diffuse+intensity_specular; return radiance; } Here are the related LightIntensity(...) and LightDirection(...) functions: R3Vector LightDirection(R3Light *light, R3Point position) { R3Vector light_direction; switch(light->type) { case R3_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT: light_direction = light->direction; break; case R3_POINT_LIGHT: light_direction = position-light->position; break; case R3_SPOT_LIGHT: light_direction = position-light->position; break; } light_direction.Normalize(); return light_direction; } R3Rgb LightIntensity(R3Light *light, R3Point position) { R3Rgb light_intensity; double distance; double denominator; if(light->type != R3_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT) { distance = (position-light->position).Length(); denominator = light->constant_attenuation + light->linear_attenuation*distance + light->quadratic_attenuation*distance*distance; } switch(light->type) { case R3_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT: light_intensity = light->color; break; case R3_POINT_LIGHT: light_intensity = light->color/denominator; break; case R3_SPOT_LIGHT: R3Vector from_light_to_point = position - light->position; light_intensity = light->color*( pow(light->direction.Dot(from_light_to_point), light->angle_attenuation)); break; } return light_intensity; } I would greatly appreciate any suggestions as to any implementation errors that are apparent. I am wondering if the differences could be occurring simply because of the gamma values used for display by OpenGL and the default gamma value for my display. I also know that OpenGL (or at least tha parts that I was provided) can't cast shadows on objects. Not that this is relevant for the point in question, but it just leads me to wonder if it's simply display and capability differences between OpenGL and what I am trying to do. Thank you for your help.

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  • HLSL/XNA Ambient light texture mixed up with multi pass lighting

    - by Manu-EPITA
    I've been having some troubles lately with lighting. I have found a source on google which is working pretty good on the example. However, when I try to implement it to my current project, I am getting some very weird bugs. The main one is that my textures are "mixed up" when I only activate the ambient light, which means that a model gets the texture of another one . I am using the same effect for every meshes of my models. I guess this could be the problem, but I don't really know how to "reset" an effect for a new model. Is it possible? Here is my shader: float4x4 WVP; float4x4 WVP; float3x3 World; float3 Ke; float3 Ka; float3 Kd; float3 Ks; float specularPower; float3 globalAmbient; float3 lightColor; float3 eyePosition; float3 lightDirection; float3 lightPosition; float spotPower; texture2D Texture; sampler2D texSampler = sampler_state { Texture = <Texture>; MinFilter = anisotropic; MagFilter = anisotropic; MipFilter = linear; MaxAnisotropy = 16; }; struct VertexShaderInput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 Texture : TEXCOORD0; float3 Normal : NORMAL0; }; struct VertexShaderOutput { float4 Position : POSITION0; float2 Texture : TEXCOORD0; float3 PositionO: TEXCOORD1; float3 Normal : NORMAL0; }; VertexShaderOutput VertexShaderFunction(VertexShaderInput input) { VertexShaderOutput output; output.Position = mul(input.Position, WVP); output.Normal = input.Normal; output.PositionO = input.Position.xyz; output.Texture = input.Texture; return output; } float4 PSAmbient(VertexShaderOutput input) : COLOR0 { return float4(Ka*globalAmbient + Ke,1) * tex2D(texSampler,input.Texture); } float4 PSDirectionalLight(VertexShaderOutput input) : COLOR0 { //Difuze float3 L = normalize(-lightDirection); float diffuseLight = max(dot(input.Normal,L), 0); float3 diffuse = Kd*lightColor*diffuseLight; //Specular float3 V = normalize(eyePosition - input.PositionO); float3 H = normalize(L + V); float specularLight = pow(max(dot(input.Normal,H),0),specularPower); if(diffuseLight<=0) specularLight=0; float3 specular = Ks * lightColor * specularLight; //sum all light components float3 light = diffuse + specular; return float4(light,1) * tex2D(texSampler,input.Texture); } technique MultiPassLight { pass Ambient { VertexShader = compile vs_3_0 VertexShaderFunction(); PixelShader = compile ps_3_0 PSAmbient(); } pass Directional { PixelShader = compile ps_3_0 PSDirectionalLight(); } } And here is how I actually apply my effects: public void ApplyLights(ModelMesh mesh, Matrix world, Texture2D modelTexture, Camera camera, Effect effect, GraphicsDevice graphicsDevice) { graphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque; effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes["Ambient"].Apply(); foreach (ModelMeshPart part in mesh.MeshParts) { graphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(part.VertexBuffer); graphicsDevice.Indices = part.IndexBuffer; // Texturing graphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.AlphaBlend; if (modelTexture != null) { effect.Parameters["Texture"].SetValue( modelTexture ); } graphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives( PrimitiveType.TriangleList, part.VertexOffset, 0, part.NumVertices, part.StartIndex, part.PrimitiveCount ); // Applying our shader to all the mesh parts effect.Parameters["WVP"].SetValue( world * camera.View * camera.Projection ); effect.Parameters["World"].SetValue(world); effect.Parameters["eyePosition"].SetValue( camera.Position ); graphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Additive; // Drawing lights foreach (DirectionalLight light in DirectionalLights) { effect.Parameters["lightColor"].SetValue(light.Color.ToVector3()); effect.Parameters["lightDirection"].SetValue(light.Direction); // Applying changes and drawing them effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes["Directional"].Apply(); graphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives( PrimitiveType.TriangleList, part.VertexOffset, 0, part.NumVertices, part.StartIndex, part.PrimitiveCount ); } } I am also applying this when loading the effect: effect.Parameters["lightColor"].SetValue(Color.White.ToVector3()); effect.Parameters["globalAmbient"].SetValue(Color.White.ToVector3()); effect.Parameters["Ke"].SetValue(0.0f); effect.Parameters["Ka"].SetValue(0.01f); effect.Parameters["Kd"].SetValue(1.0f); effect.Parameters["Ks"].SetValue(0.3f); effect.Parameters["specularPower"].SetValue(100); Thank you very much UPDATE: I tried to load an effect for each model when drawing, but it doesn't seem to have changed anything. I suppose it is because XNA detects that the effect has already been loaded before and doesn't want to load a new one. Any idea why?

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  • What's a good data structure solution for a scene manager in XNA?

    - by tunnuz
    Hello, I'm playing with XNA for a game project of myself, I had previous exposure to OpenGL and worked a bit with Ogre, so I'm trying to get the same concepts working on XNA. Specifically I'm trying to add to XNA a scene manager to handle hierarchical transforms, frustum (maybe even occlusion) culling and transparency object sorting. My plan was to build a tree scene manager to handle hierarchical transforms and lighting, and then use an Octree for frustum culling and object sorting. The problem is how to do geometry sorting to support transparencies correctly. I know that sorting is very expensive if done on a per-polygon basis, so expensive that it is not even managed by Ogre. But still images from Ogre look right. Any ideas on how to do it and which data structures to use and their capabilities? I know people around is using: Octrees Kd-trees (someone on GameDev forum said that these are far better than Octrees) BSP (which should handle per-polygon ordering but are very expensive) BVH (but just for frustum and occlusion culling) Thank you Tunnuz

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