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  • vim-powerline colors are out of whack in urxvt

    - by komidore64
    I have attached two images showing what my vim-powerline looks like. As you can see, something has happened to the colors and I cannot figure out how to fix it. I'm running Fedora 17 on a clean install with i3 (default config) and urxvt. Here is my bashrc: # .bashrc if [[ "$(uname)" != "Darwin" ]]; then # non mac os x # source global bashrc if [[ -f "/etc/bashrc" ]]; then . /etc/bashrc fi export TERM='xterm-256color' # probably shouldn't do this fi # bash prompt with colors # [ <user>@<hostname> <working directory> {current git branch (if you're in a repo)} ] # ==> PS1="\[\e[1;33m\][ \u\[\e[1;37m\]@\[\e[1;32m\]\h\[\e[1;33m\] \W\$(git branch 2> /dev/null | grep -e '\* ' | sed 's/^..\(.*\)/ {\[\e[1;36m\]\1\[\e[1;33m\]}/') ]\[\e[0m\]\n==> " # execute only in Mac OS X if [[ "$(uname)" == 'Darwin' ]]; then # if OS X has a $HOME/bin folder, then add it to PATH if [[ -d "$HOME/bin" ]]; then export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/bin" fi alias ls='ls -G' # ls with colors fi alias ll='ls -lah' # long listing of all files with human readable file sizes alias tree='tree -C' # turns on coloring for tree command alias mkdir='mkdir -p' # create parent directories as needed alias vim='vim -p' # if more than one file, open files in tabs export EDITOR='vim' # super-secret work stuff if [[ -f "$HOME/.workbashrc" ]]; then . $HOME/.workbashrc fi # Add RVM to PATH for scripting if [[ -d "$HOME/.rvm/bin" ]]; then # if installed PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.rvm/bin fi and my Xdefaults: ! URxvt config ! colors! URxvt.background: #101010 URxvt.foreground: #ededed URxvt.cursorColor: #666666 URxvt.color0: #2E3436 URxvt.color8: #555753 URxvt.color1: #993C3C URxvt.color9: #BF4141 URxvt.color2: #3C993C URxvt.color10: #41BF41 URxvt.color3: #99993C URxvt.color11: #BFBF41 URxvt.color4: #3C6199 URxvt.color12: #4174FB URxvt.color5: #993C99 URxvt.color13: #BF41BF URxvt.color6: #3C9999 URxvt.color14: #41BFBF URxvt.color7: #D3D7CF URxvt.color15: #E3E3E3 ! options URxvt*loginShell: true URxvt*font: xft:DejaVu Sans Mono for Powerline:antialias=true:size=12 URxvt*saveLines: 8192 URxvt*scrollstyle: plain URxvt*scrollBar_right: true URxvt*scrollTtyOutput: true URxvt*scrollTtyKeypress: true URxvt*urlLauncher: google-chrome and finally my vimrc set nocompatible set dir=~/.vim/ " set one place for vim swap files " vundler for vim plugins ---- filetype off set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/vundle call vundle#rc() Bundle 'gmarik/vundle' Bundle 'tpope/vim-surround' Bundle 'greyblake/vim-preview' Bundle 'Lokaltog/vim-powerline' Bundle 'tpope/vim-endwise' Bundle 'kien/ctrlp.vim' " ---------------------------- syntax enable filetype plugin indent on " Powerline ------------------ set noshowmode set laststatus=2 let g:Powerline_symbols = 'fancy' " show fancy symbols (requires patched font) set encoding=utf-8 " ---------------------------- " ctrlp ---------------------- let g:ctrlp_open_multiple_files = 'tj' " open multiple files in additional tabs let g:ctrlp_show_hidden = 1 " include dotfiles and dotdirs in ctrlp indexing let g:ctrlp_prompt_mappings = { \ 'AcceptSelection("e")': ['<c-t>'], \ 'AcceptSelection("t")': ['<cr>', '<2-LeftMouse>'], \ } " remap <cr> to open file in a new tab " ---------------------------- set showcmd set tabpagemax=100 set hlsearch set incsearch set nowrapscan set ignorecase set smartcase set ruler set tabstop=4 set shiftwidth=4 set expandtab set wildmode=list:longest autocmd BufWritePre * :%s/\s\+$//e "remove trailing whitespace " :REV to "revert" file to state of the most recent save command REV earlier 1f " disable netrw -------------- let g:loaded_netrw = 1 let g:loaded_netrwPlugin = 1 " ---------------------------- Any guidance as to fixing the statusline would be fantastic. I've found a github issue outlining almost the exact same problem, but the solution was never posted. Thank you.

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  • DKIMPROXY signing wrong domain

    - by user64566
    Just.... wont sign a thing... The dkimproxy_out.conf: # specify what address/port DKIMproxy should listen on listen 127.0.0.1:10028 # specify what address/port DKIMproxy forwards mail to relay 127.0.0.1:10029 # specify what domains DKIMproxy can sign for (comma-separated, no spaces) domain tinymagnet.com,hypnoenterprises.com # specify what signatures to add signature dkim(c=relaxed) signature domainkeys(c=nofws) # specify location of the private key keyfile /etc/postfix/dkim/private.key # specify the selector (i.e. the name of the key record put in DNS) selector mail The direct connection straight to the server, making it clear that this is a problem with dkimproxy and not postfix... mmxbass@hypno1:~$ telnet localhost 10028 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost.localdomain. Escape character is '^]'. 220 hypno1.hypnoenterprises.com ESMTP Postfix (Debian/GNU) EHLO hypno1.hypnoenterprises.com 250-hypno1.hypnoenterprises.com 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 250-ETRN 250-STARTTLS 250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN 250-AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250 DSN MAIL FROM:<[email protected]> 250 2.1.0 Ok RCPT TO:<[email protected]> 250 2.1.5 Ok DATA 354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> SUBJECT:test . 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as B62A78D94F QUIT 221 2.0.0 Bye Now lets look at the mail headers as reported by myiptest.com: From [email protected] Thu Dec 23 18:57:14 2010 Return-path: Envelope-to: [email protected] Delivery-date: Thu, 23 Dec 2010 18:57:14 +0000 Received: from [184.82.95.154] (helo=hypno1.hypnoenterprises.com) by myiptest.com with esmtp (Exim 4.69) (envelope-from ) id 1PVqLi-0004YR-5f for [email protected]; Thu, 23 Dec 2010 18:57:14 +0000 Received: from hypno1.hypnoenterprises.com (localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1]) by hypno1.hypnoenterprises.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 878418D902 for ; Thu, 23 Dec 2010 13:57:26 -0500 (EST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha1; c=simple; d=hypnoenterprises.com; h= from:to:subject:date:mime-version:content-type :content-transfer-encoding:message-id; s=mail; bh=uoq1oCgLlTqpdD X/iUbLy7J1Wic=; b=HxBKTGjzTpZSZU8xkICtARCKxqriqZK+qHkY1U8qQlOw+S S1wlZxzTeDGIOgeiTviGDpcKWkLLTMlUvx8dY4FuT8K1/raO9nMC7xjG2uLayPX0 zLzm4Srs44jlfRQIjrQd9tNnp35Wkry6dHPv1u21WUvnDWaKARzGGHRLfAzW4= Received: from localhost (localhost.localdomain [127.0.0.1]) by hypno1.hypnoenterprises.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 2A04A8D945 for ; Thu, 23 Dec 2010 13:57:26 -0500 (EST) X-Virus-Scanned: Debian amavisd-new at hypno1.hypnoenterprises.com Received: from hypno1.hypnoenterprises.com ([127.0.0.1]) by localhost (hypno1.hypnoenterprises.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id Ua7BnnzmIaUO for ; Thu, 23 Dec 2010 13:57:25 -0500 (EST) Received: from phoenix.localnet (c-76-23-245-211.hsd1.ma.comcast.net [76.23.245.211]) (using TLSv1 with cipher DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by hypno1.hypnoenterprises.com (Postfix) with ESMTPSA id 48A0D8D90D for ; Thu, 23 Dec 2010 13:57:25 -0500 (EST) From: Joshua Pech To: [email protected] Subject: test Date: Thu, 23 Dec 2010 13:57:25 -0500 User-Agent: KMail/1.13.5 (Linux/2.6.32-5-amd64; KDE/4.4.5; x86_64; ; ) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: Text/Plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Message-Id: DomainKey-Status: no signature Received-SPF: pass (myiptest.com: domain of tinymagnet.com designates 184.82.95.154 as permitted sender) Notice how the dkim signature specifies the d=hypnoenterprises.com.... why?

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  • ?Oracle????SELECT????UNDO

    - by Liu Maclean(???)
    ????????Oracle?????(dirty read),?Oracle??????Asktom????????Oracle???????, ???undo??????????(before image)??????Consistent, ???????????????Oracle????????????? ????????? ??,??,Oracle?????????????RDBMS,???????????? ?????????2?????: _offline_rollback_segments or _corrupted_rollback_segments ?2?????????Oracle???????????ORA-600[4XXX]???????????????,???2??????Undo??Corruption????????????,?????2????????????????? ??????????????_offline_rollback_segments ? _corrupted_rollback_segments ?2?????: ???????(FORCE OPEN DATABASE) ????????????(consistent read & delayed block cleanout) ??????rollback segment??? ?????:???????Oracle????????,??????????2?????,?????????????!! _offline_rollback_segments ? _corrupted_rollback_segments ???????????: ??2???????Undo Segments(???/???)????????online ?UNDO$???????????OFFLINE??? ???instance??????????????????? ??????Undo Segments????????active transaction????????????dead??SMON???(????????SMON??(?):Recover Dead transaction) _OFFLINE_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS(offline undo segment list)????(hidden parameter)?????: ???startup???open database???????_OFFLINE_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS????Undo segments(???/???),?????undo segments????????alert.log???TRACE?????,???????startup?? ?????????????,?ITL?????undo segments?: ???undo segments?transaction table?????????????????? ???????????commit,?????CR??? ????undo segments????(???corrupted??,???missed??)???????????alert.log,??????? ?DML?????????????????????????????????CPU,????????????????????? _CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS(corrupted undo segment list)??????????: ?????startup?open database???_CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS????undo segments(???/???)???????? ???????_CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS???undo segments????????????commit,???undo segments???drop??? ??????????? ??????????????????,?????????????????? ??bootstrap???????????,?????????ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure??,???????????(???Oracle????:??ORA-00600:[4000] ORA-00704: bootstrap process failure????) ??????_CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS????????????????????,??????????????? Oracle???????TXChecker??????????? ???????2?????,??????????????_CORRUPTED_ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS?????SELECT????UNDO???????: SQL> alter system set event= '10513 trace name context forever, level 2' scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> alter system set "_in_memory_undo"=false scope=spfile; System altered. 10513 level 2 event????SMON ??rollback ??? dead transaction _in_memory_undo ?? in memory undo ?? SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 3140026368 bytes Fixed Size 2232472 bytes Variable Size 1795166056 bytes Database Buffers 1325400064 bytes Redo Buffers 17227776 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. session A: SQL> conn maclean/maclean Connected. SQL> create table maclean tablespace users as select 1 t1 from dual connect by level exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('','MACLEAN'); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL> set autotrace on; SQL> select sum(t1) from maclean; SUM(T1) ---------- 501 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 1679547536 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | | | 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| MACLEAN | 501 | 1503 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 1 recursive calls 0 db block gets 3 consistent gets 0 physical reads 0 redo size 515 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 492 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processe ???????????,????current block, ????????,consistent gets??3? SQL> update maclean set t1=0; 501 rows updated. SQL> alter system checkpoint; System altered. ??session A?commit; ???? session: SQL> conn maclean/maclean Connected. SQL> SQL> set autotrace on; SQL> select sum(t1) from maclean; SUM(T1) ---------- 501 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 1679547536 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | | | 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| MACLEAN | 501 | 1503 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 505 consistent gets 0 physical reads 108 redo size 515 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 492 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processed ?????? ?????????undo??CR?,???consistent gets??? 505 [oracle@vrh8 ~]$ ps -ef|grep LOCAL=YES |grep -v grep oracle 5841 5839 0 09:17 ? 00:00:00 oracleG10R25 (DESCRIPTION=(LOCAL=YES)(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=beq))) [oracle@vrh8 ~]$ kill -9 5841 ??session A???Server Process????,???dead transaction ????smon?? select ktuxeusn, to_char(sysdate, 'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS') "Time", ktuxesiz, ktuxesta from x$ktuxe where ktuxecfl = 'DEAD'; KTUXEUSN Time KTUXESIZ KTUXESTA ---------- -------------------- ---------- ---------------- 2 06-AUG-2012 09:20:45 7 ACTIVE ???1?active rollback segment SQL> conn maclean/maclean Connected. SQL> set autotrace on; SQL> select sum(t1) from maclean; SUM(T1) ---------- 501 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 1679547536 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | | | 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| MACLEAN | 501 | 1503 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 411 consistent gets 0 physical reads 108 redo size 515 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 492 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processed ????? ????kill?? ???smon ??dead transaction , ???????????? ?????undo??????? ????active?rollback segment??? SQL> select segment_name from dba_rollback_segs where segment_id=2; SEGMENT_NAME ------------------------------ _SYSSMU2$ SQL> alter system set "_corrupted_rollback_segments"='_SYSSMU2$' scope=spfile; System altered. ? _corrupted_rollback_segments ?? ???2?rollback segment, ????????undo SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 3140026368 bytes Fixed Size 2232472 bytes Variable Size 1795166056 bytes Database Buffers 1325400064 bytes Redo Buffers 17227776 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> conn maclean/maclean Connected. SQL> set autotrace on; SQL> select sum(t1) from maclean; SUM(T1) ---------- 94 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 1679547536 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | | | 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| MACLEAN | 501 | 1503 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 228 recursive calls 0 db block gets 29 consistent gets 5 physical reads 116 redo size 514 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 492 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 4 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processed SQL> / SUM(T1) ---------- 94 Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 1679547536 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 3 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 3 | | | | 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| MACLEAN | 501 | 1503 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Statistics ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 recursive calls 0 db block gets 3 consistent gets 0 physical reads 0 redo size 514 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client 492 bytes received via SQL*Net from client 2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client 0 sorts (memory) 0 sorts (disk) 1 rows processed ?????? consistent gets???3,?????????????????,??ITL???UNDO SEGMENTS?_corrupted_rollback_segments????,???????????COMMIT??,????UNDO? ???????,?????????????????????????(????????????????????),????????????????? ???? , ?????

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  • How to remap a NERDTree shortcut in VIM

    - by btelles
    Hi There, I use the Dvorak keyboard layout with VIM, and the 't' key is the 'up' motion when editing a regular file. The problem is that NERDTree remaps 't' to open files in a new tab. How can I undo that mapping and use 't' for the up motion in NERDTree? Here are the relevant lines from my vimrc file and from the NERDTree plugin. My .vimrc: no t k NERDTree plugin file: exec "nnoremap <silent> <buffer> ". g:NERDTreeMapOpenInTab ." :call <SID>openInNewTab(0)<cr>" call s:initVariable("g:NERDTreeMapOpenInTab", "t") let @h=@h."\" ". g:NERDTreeMapOpenInTab.": open in new tab\n"

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  • Feed Reader's - Looking for some suggestions

    - by bryan_ruiz
    I am doing my best to make it a point to keep an eye on some blogs of people in my industry, and am looking for a good feed reader. I use chrome. I live in chrome, and if I am not in Chrome, I am using xterm. Yet, I do get my tweets in Pidgin and do all my talking discussion from that. Maybe it makes sense to integrate something in that? I see web feed readers as a bit too distant to make good use of it (eg, have to open a page, and less 'in your face'). Although, I am a big fan of google stuff and use google apps and google voice and google cals and google docs, etc.. So how is feedburner? I like to preserver time. It'd be interesting if I could read my feeds offline on my laptop or ChromeOS CR-48 with offline websites? Well, would love to hear what you guys are doing and suggest.

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  • How to view special characters in SQL Management Studio

    - by B Z
    Sql 2005 I have a text column that has special characters stored e.g. CR, LF, but I don't know what they are. I would like to view these characters in management studio. Something like in Notepad ++ Show Symbol Show All Characters. My Goal: I am working on a data conversion from one database to another. When the data is converted and viewed in the native application it is displaying some funky characters like a pipe character. I would like to eliminate these characters during the conversion process.

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  • RAID1 rebuild fails due to disk errors

    - by overlord_tm
    Quick info: Dell R410 with 2x500GB drives in RAID1 on H700 Adapter Recently one of drives in RAID1 array on server failed, lets call it Drive 0. RAID controller marked it as fault and put it offline. I replaced faulty disk with new one (same series and manufacturer, just bigger) and configured new disk as hot spare. Rebuild from Drive1 started immediately and after 1.5 hour I got message that Drive 1 failed. Server was unresponsive (kernel panic) and required reboot. Given that half hour before this error rebuild was at about 40%, I estimated that new drive is not in sync yet and tried to reboot just with Drive 1. RAID controller complained a bit about missing RAID arrays, but it found foreign RAID array on Drive 1 and I imported it. Server booted and it runs (from degraded RAID). Here is SMART data for disks. Drive 0 (the one that failed first) ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate POSR-K 200 200 051 - 1 3 Spin_Up_Time POS--K 142 142 021 - 3866 4 Start_Stop_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 12 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 200 200 140 - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate -OSR-K 200 200 000 - 0 9 Power_On_Hours -O--CK 086 086 000 - 10432 10 Spin_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0 11 Calibration_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 11 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 10 193 Load_Cycle_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 1 194 Temperature_Celsius -O---K 112 106 000 - 31 196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable ----CK 200 200 000 - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate ---R-- 200 198 000 - 3 And Drive 1 (the drive which was reported healthy from controller until rebuild was attempted) ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate POSR-K 200 200 051 - 35 3 Spin_Up_Time POS--K 143 143 021 - 3841 4 Start_Stop_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 12 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 200 200 140 - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate -OSR-K 200 200 000 - 0 9 Power_On_Hours -O--CK 086 086 000 - 10455 10 Spin_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0 11 Calibration_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 11 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 10 193 Load_Cycle_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 1 194 Temperature_Celsius -O---K 114 105 000 - 29 196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector -O--CK 200 200 000 - 3 198 Offline_Uncorrectable ----CK 100 253 000 - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate ---R-- 100 253 000 - 0 In extended error logs from SMART I found: Drive 0 has only one error Error 1 [0] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10282 hours (428 days + 10 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle. After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 10 -- 51 00 18 00 00 00 6a 24 20 40 00 Error: IDNF at LBA = 0x006a2420 = 6956064 Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 61 00 60 00 f8 00 00 00 6a 24 20 40 00 17d+20:25:18.105 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 18 00 60 00 00 00 6a 24 00 40 00 17d+20:25:18.105 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 80 00 58 00 00 00 6a 23 80 40 00 17d+20:25:18.105 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 68 00 50 00 00 00 6a 23 18 40 00 17d+20:25:18.105 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 10 00 10 00 00 00 6a 23 00 40 00 17d+20:25:18.104 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED But Drive 1 has 883 errors. I see only few last ones and all errors I can see look like this: Error 883 [18] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10454 hours (435 days + 14 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle. After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 01 -- 51 00 80 00 00 39 97 19 c2 40 00 Error: AMNF at LBA = 0x399719c2 = 966203842 Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 60 00 80 00 00 00 00 39 97 19 80 40 00 1d+00:25:57.802 READ FPDMA QUEUED 2f 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 10 40 00 1d+00:25:57.779 READ LOG EXT 60 00 80 00 00 00 00 39 97 19 80 40 00 1d+00:25:55.704 READ FPDMA QUEUED 2f 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 10 40 00 1d+00:25:55.681 READ LOG EXT 60 00 80 00 00 00 00 39 97 19 80 40 00 1d+00:25:53.606 READ FPDMA QUEUED Given those errors, is there any way I can rebuild RAID back, or should I make backup, shutdown server, replace disks with new ones and restore it? What about if I dd faulty disk to new one from linux running on USB/CD? Also, if anyone have more experiences, what could be causes for those errors? Crappy controller or disks? Disks are about 1 year old, but it is pretty unbelievable to me that both would die within so short timespan.

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  • Windows file compare (FC) spurious differences

    - by user165568
    I'm getting differences like this: a.txt Betty Davis Cathy Edwards b.txt Betty Davis Cathy Edwards There are only two lines listed in the diff (which doesn't make sense). No CR/LF/Newline funnies. The difference just moves down if I delete lines. Same problem on Win7 and Win2K. The difference seems to go away if I remove all empty lines from the files. The empty lines are correctly terminiated too. Using /C /W (ignore case, ignore whitespace) Has anyone seen this before? What am I doing wrong? How can I fix it? There are real diffs in the file -missing, extra, or re-spelled names- but the files are byte-for-byte identical at the listed diff.

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  • Why does VIM say there is trailing whitespace on this command?

    - by Jesse Atkinson
    I am trying to write a beautify CSS command in vim that sorts and alphabetizes all of the CSS properties as well as checks to see if there is not a space after the colon and inserts one. Here is my code: nnoremap <leader>S :g#\({\n\)\@<=#.,/}/sort | %s/:\(\S\)/: \1/g<CR> :command! SortCSSBraceContents :g#\({\n\)\@<=#.,/}/sort | %s/:\(\S\)/: \1/g These work independently. However, I am trying to pipe them into one command. On save VIM says: Error detected while processing /var/home/jesse-atkinson/.vimrc: line 196: E488: Trailing characters Any ideas?

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  • Are these components compatible and are there any significant bottlenecks?

    - by Tom Gullen
    I'm trying to buy a new pc, for software dev and a bit of gaming. I already have a 500gb HDD , and a PCI sound card I want to use as well. Is all this stuff compatible, and will it all work together and are there any significant bottlenecks? Case, Mobo and PSU "Primo Motion" AMD 880G DDR3 Ready Barebones (Socket AM3) http://www.overclockers.co.uk/showproduct.php?prodid=FS-268-OK&groupid=43&catid=1817&subcat= SSD 64GB Crucial RealSSD C300 64GB 2.5" SATA 6Gb/s Solid State Hard Drive http://www.overclockers.co.uk/showproduct.php?prodid=HD-007-CR&groupid=1657&catid=1660&subcat=1668 CPU AMD Phenom II X6 Six Core 1090T Black Edition 3.20GHz (Socket AM3) http://www.overclockers.co.uk/showproduct.php?prodid=CP-266-AM&groupid=701&catid=6&subcat=1944 RAM 8GB Corsair Vengeance 8GB (2x4GB) DDR3 PC3-15000C9 1866MHz Dual Channel Kit http://www.overclockers.co.uk/showproduct.php?prodid=MY-292-CS&groupid=701&catid=8&subcat=1387 Graphics XFX ATI Radeon HD 5770 1024MB GDDR5 PCI-Express Graphics Card http://www.overclockers.co.uk/showproduct.php?prodid=GX-149-XF

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  • Mapped commands in VIM starting with a Comma

    - by Boldewyn
    In my .vimrc, I defined this line: map ,ps <Esc>:!ps<Space>-a<CR> The mapping is set (which I controlled via :verbose map ,ps while inside vim). There is nothing else mapped to the comma. However, if I type the command in command mode, nothing is displayed in the status bar, the comma is ignored, the p movement and the s insert are triggered. (I.e., VIM reacts, as if there was no command ,ps.) Is there any magic that I have overlooked in enabling comma-started mapped commands?

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  • vim NERDTree shortcut to an existing function

    - by Ned Batchelder
    I want to use right-arrow to open a node in NERDtree. I see there is NERDTreeAddKeyMap, but I'm too much of a vimscript newb to know how to invoke it properly. I want right-arrow to invoke activateNode. I've done it by adding this line into NERD_tree.vim itself: exec "nnoremap <silent> <buffer> <Right> :call <SID>activateNode(0)<cr>" but I want to do it the right way in my .vimrc

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  • Proper line-ending for an open-source PHP project

    - by Mahdi
    What is the proper line-ending preferences for an open-source web project? Obviously it includes source code of PHP, HTML, CSS and Javascript. The source code is managing via Github now, and there are Windows (8 & 7), Linux (Ubuntu) and OSX developers inside the team, which means all the major operating systems. P.S. We are using "Windows" CRLF line-ending, plus "UTF-8 without BOM" right now, without facing any problem, however I think it might be better to use "*nix/OSX" LF style. I heard some stories about the problems that caused by the additional "CR" on Linux or OS X.

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  • Xterm is not completely erasing field lines

    - by user26367
    We have a SSH tunnel to a remote unix box from Windows clients using Cygwin. It launches a terminal program from the unix box locally on the Windows box for data input. The xterm window is launched as follows xterm -fn 10x20 -bg DodgerBlue4 -fg white -cr white -ls -geometry 90x30 -e program When a screen goes from read only mode to edit mode, the edit fields have ____. When going back to read only mode, a single pixel artifact is left behind for each field. *readonly* User: *edit* User: ___________ *after edit exit* User: . <- this dot is left behind Any idea what we need to change to fix this?

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  • Abbreviations override in comments and quoted text

    - by dotancohen
    I have the following handy abbreviation in VIM: iab for for<Space>(<Space>{{<Esc>kA<Left><Left><Left><Left><C-R>=Eatchar('\s')<CR> This nicely replaces for with the following text: for ( ) { } However, I would like this abbreviation to work only in code, not in comments or in single- or double- quoted strings. How might this constraint be accomplished? Note that I usually code in PHP, but often enough I find myself in other C-style languages (C, Java, occasional C#, etc.). Preventing the abbreviation from working in Python would be a nice bonus though I don't mind manually turning it off in Python if that is not an option. Thanks!

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  • Why are my log in times taking so long in Linux?

    - by Jamie
    In recent weeks, login times on my Ubuntu server have started timing out; both through SSH and the local command line console. Examination of the /var/auth.log yields nothing interesting. How can I diagnose long log in times on my Ubuntu server? I should mention, also, that no updates have been performed since the problem has started, and that the /, /boot/ and /usr/ file systems are mounted as readonly. [Edit] This is a stand alone machine, so it doesn't authenticate with Active Directory, LDAP etc. Also, the login prompt is responsive, as is the password prompt. Upon typing the password then CR, I'll timeout. After four a five tries, I will be able to login, although I'm worried this will start taking longer.

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  • Windows 7: How to enable firewall disabled by global policy on a computer joined to a domain?

    - by kzen
    On a Windows 7 Enterprise 64-bit laptop joined to a corporate domain, the Windows Firewall is disabled by a global policy. Is there any way to enable the Windows Firewall in this scenario? The gpedit.msc setting Windows Firewall: Protect all network connections is inaccessible. EDIT: It appears that changing HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\gpsvc\Start value to 4 will disable the GPO and allow you to start the firewall and stop the bots from pushing cr*p to your computer... will check on Monday and if it works I'll confirm here in case someone else in my situation wonders upon this question... EDIT: It's probably better if I write a mock windows service not doing anything and name it according to what is expected to be on my box and than crete mock McCrappy executable and mock McCrappy folder structure and remove all the actual stuff... That would take a little time but would most certainly make my box completely stealthy...

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  • using 'ar' tool in Alchemy

    - by paleozogt
    I've found that if you specify a path to Alchemy's 'ar' tool, it won't create the 'l.bc' file necessary to link the library. For example, here is the case when I don't specify a path (it works): asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ echo 'int main() { return 42; }' > testmain.cpp asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ echo 'int test1() { return -1; }' > test1.cpp asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ echo 'int test2() { return 1; }' > test2.cpp asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ g++ -c testmain.cpp asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ g++ -c test1.cpp asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ g++ -c test2.cpp asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ ar cr libtest.a test1.o test2.o asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ g++ testmain.cpp libtest.a llvm-ld, "-o=".(98237.achacks.o = "98237.achacks.exe"), -disable-opt -internalize-public-api-list=_start,malloc,free,__adddi3,__anddi3,__ashldi3,__ashrdi3,__cmpdi2,__divdi3,__fixdfdi,__fixsfdi,__fixunsdfdi,__fixunssfdi,__floatdidf,__floatdisf,__floatunsdidf,__iordi3,__lshldi3,__lshrdi3,__moddi3,__muldi3,__negdi2,__one_cmpldi2,__qdivrem,__adddi3,__anddi3,__ashldi3,__ashrdi3,__cmpdi2,__divdi3,__qdivrem,__fixdfdi,__fixsfdi,__fixunsdfdi,__fixunssfdi,__floatdidf,__floatdisf,__floatunsdidf,__iordi3,__lshldi3,__lshrdi3,__moddi3,__muldi3,__negdi2,__one_cmpldi2,__subdi3,__ucmpdi2,__udivdi3,__umoddi3,__xordi3,__subdi3,__ucmpdi2,__udivdi3,__umoddi3,__xordi3,__error /Users/asimmons/Development/alchemy-darwin-v0.5a/avm2-libc/lib/avm2-libc.l.bc /Users/asimmons/Development/alchemy-darwin-v0.5a/avm2-libc/lib/avm2-libstdc++.l.bc, test.l.bc 98237.achacks.o 98237.achacks.swf, 5593510 bytes written asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ ls -l total 10992 -rwxr-xr-x 1 asimmons staff 5593575 Apr 9 17:44 a.exe -rw------- 1 asimmons staff 1284 Apr 9 17:43 libtest.a -rw-r--r-- 1 asimmons staff 672 Apr 9 17:43 test.l.bc -rw-r--r-- 1 asimmons staff 27 Apr 9 17:43 test1.cpp -rwxr-xr-x 1 asimmons staff 536 Apr 9 17:43 test1.o -rw-r--r-- 1 asimmons staff 26 Apr 9 17:43 test2.cpp -rwxr-xr-x 1 asimmons staff 536 Apr 9 17:43 test2.o -rw-r--r-- 1 asimmons staff 26 Apr 9 17:43 testmain.cpp -rwxr-xr-x 1 asimmons staff 552 Apr 9 17:43 testmain.o asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ And here is an example where I do specify a path (it doesn't work). I try to tell 'ar' to put the library under 'lib' and then link to lib/libtest.a: asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ mkdir lib asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ echo 'int main() { return 42; }' > testmain.cpp asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ echo 'int test1() { return -1; }' > test1.cpp asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ echo 'int test2() { return 1; }' > test2.cpp asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ g++ -c testmain.cpp asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ g++ -c test1.cpp asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ g++ -c test2.cpp asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ ar cr lib/libtest.a test1.o test2.o asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ g++ testmain.cpp lib/libtest.a llvm-ld, "-o=".(98638.achacks.o = "98638.achacks.exe"), -disable-opt -internalize-public-api-list=_start,malloc,free,__adddi3,__anddi3,__ashldi3,__ashrdi3,__cmpdi2,__divdi3,__fixdfdi,__fixsfdi,__fixunsdfdi,__fixunssfdi,__floatdidf,__floatdisf,__floatunsdidf,__iordi3,__lshldi3,__lshrdi3,__moddi3,__muldi3,__negdi2,__one_cmpldi2,__qdivrem,__adddi3,__anddi3,__ashldi3,__ashrdi3,__cmpdi2,__divdi3,__qdivrem,__fixdfdi,__fixsfdi,__fixunsdfdi,__fixunssfdi,__floatdidf,__floatdisf,__floatunsdidf,__iordi3,__lshldi3,__lshrdi3,__moddi3,__muldi3,__negdi2,__one_cmpldi2,__subdi3,__ucmpdi2,__udivdi3,__umoddi3,__xordi3,__subdi3,__ucmpdi2,__udivdi3,__umoddi3,__xordi3,__error /Users/asimmons/Development/alchemy-darwin-v0.5a/avm2-libc/lib/avm2-libc.l.bc /Users/asimmons/Development/alchemy-darwin-v0.5a/avm2-libc/lib/avm2-libstdc++.l.bc, lib/test.l.bc 98638.achacks.o llvm-ld: error: Cannot find linker input 'lib/test.l.bc' asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ ls -l total 56 -rw-r--r-- 1 asimmons staff 552 Apr 9 17:46 98638.achacks.o drwxr-xr-x 3 asimmons staff 102 Apr 9 17:46 lib -rw-r--r-- 1 asimmons staff 27 Apr 9 17:45 test1.cpp -rwxr-xr-x 1 asimmons staff 536 Apr 9 17:46 test1.o -rw-r--r-- 1 asimmons staff 26 Apr 9 17:45 test2.cpp -rwxr-xr-x 1 asimmons staff 536 Apr 9 17:46 test2.o -rw-r--r-- 1 asimmons staff 26 Apr 9 17:45 testmain.cpp -rwxr-xr-x 1 asimmons staff 552 Apr 9 17:45 testmain.o asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ ls -l lib/ total 8 -rw------- 1 asimmons staff 1284 Apr 9 17:46 libtest.a asimmons-mac:test asimmons$ but the linker errors out because it can't find lib/test.l.bc. Notice how in the first example, 'test.l.bc' was generated alongside libtest.a. But in the second example test.l.bc was not generated. Where did it go? This is a contrived example, but in the project I'm trying to build with alchemy the make scripts generate libraries in full paths and then refer to them that way. It seems that alchemy's 'ar' tool is broken if you try to generate a library anywhere other than '.'. Has anyone else seen this? Is there a workaround? fyi, I've also posted this question on the Alchemy formus.

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  • How to Combine Rescue Disks to Create the Ultimate Windows Repair Disk

    - by The Geek
    We’ve covered loads of different anti-virus, Linux, and other boot disks that help you repair or recover your system, but why limit yourself to just one? Here’s how to combine your favorite repair disks together to create the ultimate repair toolkit for broken Windows systems—all on a single flash drive. The ones we’ve covered already? Here’s a quick list of all the ways you can recover your system with a rescue disk: How to Use the Avira Rescue CD to Clean Your Infected PC How to Use the BitDefender Rescue CD to Clean Your Infected PC How to Use the Kaspersky Rescue Disk to Clean Your Infected PC Change or Reset Windows Password from a Ubuntu Live CD The 10 Cleverest Ways to Use Linux to Fix Your Windows PC Change Your Forgotten Windows Password with the Linux System Rescue CD Use Ubuntu Live CD to Backup Files from Your Dead Windows Computer If you need to clean up an infected system, we’d absolutely recommend the BitDefender CD, since it’s auto-updating. Best bet? Create your ultimate boot disk with as many of the different utilities as your flash drive can hold Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How To Boot 10 Different Live CDs From 1 USB Flash Drive The 20 Best How-To Geek Linux Articles of 2010 The 50 Best How-To Geek Windows Articles of 2010 The 20 Best How-To Geek Explainer Topics for 2010 How to Disable Caps Lock Key in Windows 7 or Vista How to Use the Avira Rescue CD to Clean Your Infected PC Luigi Installs Any OS on Google’s Cr-48 Notebook DIY iPad Stylus Offers Pen-Based Interaction on the Cheap Serene Blue Ubuntu Wallpaper for Your Desktop Enjoy Old School Style Video Game Fun with Chicken Invaders Hide the Twitter “Litter” in Twitter’s Sidebar Area (Chrome and Iron) Public Domain Day: Reflections on Copyright and the Importance of Public Domain

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  • apache virtual host concept and dns

    - by Subhransu
    I want to have around 60 repositories of projects and I want to serve them from a dedicated remote server(ubuntu) with the help of mercurial server so that all my developers will be able to update their changes. I have followed this article in order to do that but stocked in the Apache Configuration Step (section 2.5 2.5.4). I have some following questions: What are the steps I need to follow to make apache to serve /home/hg/repositories/private/hgweb.cgi when I enter dev.example.com/private ? Is my virtual host file is correct or do I need to change anything ? I bought the example.com and how to make it to serve dev.example.com/private. Do I need to add A name(like : subdomain.example.com and then IP of my server) in the cpannel of hosting company? ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost ServerName dev.example.com ScriptAlias /private /home/hg/repositories/private/hgweb.cgi <Directory /home/hg/repositories/private/> Options ExecCGI FollowSymlinks AddHandler cgi-script .cgi DirectoryIndex hgweb.cgi AuthType Basic AuthName "Mercurial repositories" AuthUserFile /home/hg/tools/hgusers Require valid-user </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/dev.example.com_error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, cr$ # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/dev.example.com_ssl_access.lo$ SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile "/etc/apache2/ssl/dev.example.com.crt" SSLCertificateKeyFile "/etc/apache2/ssl/dev.example.com.k$ NOTE: The above is my virtual host file. I have not enabled the site yet and also not changed any host or hostname or httpd.conf file.

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  • New Regular Expression Features in Java 8

    - by Jan Goyvaerts
    Java 8 brings a few changes to Java’s regular expression syntax to make it more consistent with Perl 5.14 and later in matching horizontal and vertical whitespace. \h is a new feature. It is a shorthand character class that matches any horizontal whitespace character as defined in the Unicode standard. In Java 4 to 7 \v is a character escape that matches only the vertical tab character. In Java 8 \v is a shorthand character class that matches any vertical whitespace, including the vertical tab. When upgrading to Java 8, make sure that any regexes that use \v still do what you want. Use \x0B or \cK to match just the vertical tab in any version of Java. \R is also a new feature. It matches any line break as defined by the Unicode standard. Windows-style CRLF pairs are always matched as a whole. So \R matches \r\n while \R\R fails to match \r\n. \R is equivalent to (?\r\n|[\n\cK\f\r\u0085\u2028\u2029]) with an atomic group that prevents it from matching only the CR in a CRLF pair. Oracle’s documentation for the Pattern class omits the atomic group when explaining \R, which is incorrect. You cannot use \R inside a character class. RegexBuddy and RegexMagic have been updated to support Java 8. Java 4, 5, 6, and 7 are still supported. When you upgrade to Java 8 you can compare or convert your regular expressions between Java 8 and the Java version you were using previously.

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  • Why do things change between using a LiveCD/LiveUSB and installing Ubuntu?

    - by ahow628
    Here have been a couple of weird experiences I've had with a Ubuntu LiveCD or LiveUSB: 1) I had one of the original Chromebooks (CR-48). I ended up wiping ChromeOS and installing only Ubuntu 12.04.0 just after it came out. It worked like a charm. About a year later, I broke something and reinstalled Ubuntu using 12.04.3 on a LiveUSB. The LiveUSB worked perfectly - screen resolution, wifi, trackpad all worked fine. I installed it (once installing updates, once stock from the USB drive) and both times screen resolution, wifi, and trackpad all broke. I ended up downloading 12.04.0 and installing it then upgrading to 12.04.3 after the fact and everything worked perfectly once again. 2) I purchased a Toshiba Portege z935 and the LiveUSB worked perfectly, namely the wifi. After install, wifi was extremely slow and basically couldn't load any pages. The answer was that Bluetooth conflicted somehow with wifi and Bluetooth had to be disabled to get wifi to work. Yet both could be enabled in the LiveUSB version, no problem. So my question is, why does this happen? Why does everything work perfectly from the LiveUSB version but then get broken when installed on the system? Is there a different way to install Ubuntu that would allow things to be installed over exactly as they were on the LiveUSB version (drivers, settings, etc)? Are there assumptions that the install makes that I could override somehow?

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  • SEM & Adwords: How many click without a sale before i should pause a keyword

    - by Thomas Jönsson
    I wonder how many clicks I optimally should let pass through every new keyword I try in Adwords before I find out that it's not making a profit and it should be paused! It's actually four question. 1: At which likelihood percentile should I pause a word? 2: How many clicks should I let through before I pause a word for those word which do not generate any lead? 3: How many clicks should I let through after one sale to consider the word not to be profitable? 4: Does the likelihood of the word becoming profitable affect the above? Conditions: -The clicks is normally distributed. (correct?) -A CR of 1% is break even, everything above is profit (1 sale/100 clicks=break even) Cost per Click(cpc) = 4$ -Marginal (profit per sale) = 400$ -Paybacktime = 1 year -Average click per word = 0,333 per day (121 + 2/3 per year) Exampel: After 1 click and no sale the keyword still has a high probability to be profitable. After 500 clicks and no sale it has almost no likelihood to not be profitable and should probably be paused. Thanks in advance!

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  • Parallel Classloading Revisited: Fully Concurrent Loading

    - by davidholmes
    Java 7 introduced support for parallel classloading. A description of that project and its goals can be found here: http://openjdk.java.net/groups/core-libs/ClassLoaderProposal.html The solution for parallel classloading was to add to each class loader a ConcurrentHashMap, referenced through a new field, parallelLockMap. This contains a mapping from class names to Objects to use as a classloading lock for that class name. This was then used in the following way: protected Class loadClass(String name, boolean resolve) throws ClassNotFoundException { synchronized (getClassLoadingLock(name)) { // First, check if the class has already been loaded Class c = findLoadedClass(name); if (c == null) { long t0 = System.nanoTime(); try { if (parent != null) { c = parent.loadClass(name, false); } else { c = findBootstrapClassOrNull(name); } } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { // ClassNotFoundException thrown if class not found // from the non-null parent class loader } if (c == null) { // If still not found, then invoke findClass in order // to find the class. long t1 = System.nanoTime(); c = findClass(name); // this is the defining class loader; record the stats sun.misc.PerfCounter.getParentDelegationTime().addTime(t1 - t0); sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClassTime().addElapsedTimeFrom(t1); sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClasses().increment(); } } if (resolve) { resolveClass(c); } return c; } } Where getClassLoadingLock simply does: protected Object getClassLoadingLock(String className) { Object lock = this; if (parallelLockMap != null) { Object newLock = new Object(); lock = parallelLockMap.putIfAbsent(className, newLock); if (lock == null) { lock = newLock; } } return lock; } This approach is very inefficient in terms of the space used per map and the number of maps. First, there is a map per-classloader. As per the code above under normal delegation the current classloader creates and acquires a lock for the given class, checks if it is already loaded, then asks its parent to load it; the parent in turn creates another lock in its own map, checks if the class is already loaded and then delegates to its parent and so on till the boot loader is invoked for which there is no map and no lock. So even in the simplest of applications, you will have two maps (in the system and extensions loaders) for every class that has to be loaded transitively from the application's main class. If you knew before hand which loader would actually load the class the locking would only need to be performed in that loader. As it stands the locking is completely unnecessary for all classes loaded by the boot loader. Secondly, once loading has completed and findClass will return the class, the lock and the map entry is completely unnecessary. But as it stands, the lock objects and their associated entries are never removed from the map. It is worth understanding exactly what the locking is intended to achieve, as this will help us understand potential remedies to the above inefficiencies. Given this is the support for parallel classloading, the class loader itself is unlikely to need to guard against concurrent load attempts - and if that were not the case it is likely that the classloader would need a different means to protect itself rather than a lock per class. Ultimately when a class file is located and the class has to be loaded, defineClass is called which calls into the VM - the VM does not require any locking at the Java level and uses its own mutexes for guarding its internal data structures (such as the system dictionary). The classloader locking is primarily needed to address the following situation: if two threads attempt to load the same class, one will initiate the request through the appropriate loader and eventually cause defineClass to be invoked. Meanwhile the second attempt will block trying to acquire the lock. Once the class is loaded the first thread will release the lock, allowing the second to acquire it. The second thread then sees that the class has now been loaded and will return that class. Neither thread can tell which did the loading and they both continue successfully. Consider if no lock was acquired in the classloader. Both threads will eventually locate the file for the class, read in the bytecodes and call defineClass to actually load the class. In this case the first to call defineClass will succeed, while the second will encounter an exception due to an attempted redefinition of an existing class. It is solely for this error condition that the lock has to be used. (Note that parallel capable classloaders should not need to be doing old deadlock-avoidance tricks like doing a wait() on the lock object\!). There are a number of obvious things we can try to solve this problem and they basically take three forms: Remove the need for locking. This might be achieved by having a new version of defineClass which acts like defineClassIfNotPresent - simply returning an existing Class rather than triggering an exception. Increase the coarseness of locking to reduce the number of lock objects and/or maps. For example, using a single shared lockMap instead of a per-loader lockMap. Reduce the lifetime of lock objects so that entries are removed from the map when no longer needed (eg remove after loading, use weak references to the lock objects and cleanup the map periodically). There are pros and cons to each of these approaches. Unfortunately a significant "con" is that the API introduced in Java 7 to support parallel classloading has essentially mandated that these locks do in fact exist, and they are accessible to the application code (indirectly through the classloader if it exposes them - which a custom loader might do - and regardless they are accessible to custom classloaders). So while we can reason that we could do parallel classloading with no locking, we can not implement this without breaking the specification for parallel classloading that was put in place for Java 7. Similarly we might reason that we can remove a mapping (and the lock object) because the class is already loaded, but this would again violate the specification because it can be reasoned that the following assertion should hold true: Object lock1 = loader.getClassLoadingLock(name); loader.loadClass(name); Object lock2 = loader.getClassLoadingLock(name); assert lock1 == lock2; Without modifying the specification, or at least doing some creative wordsmithing on it, options 1 and 3 are precluded. Even then there are caveats, for example if findLoadedClass is not atomic with respect to defineClass, then you can have concurrent calls to findLoadedClass from different threads and that could be expensive (this is also an argument against moving findLoadedClass outside the locked region - it may speed up the common case where the class is already loaded, but the cost of re-executing after acquiring the lock could be prohibitive. Even option 2 might need some wordsmithing on the specification because the specification for getClassLoadingLock states "returns a dedicated object associated with the specified class name". The question is, what does "dedicated" mean here? Does it mean unique in the sense that the returned object is only associated with the given class in the current loader? Or can the object actually guard loading of multiple classes, possibly across different class loaders? So it seems that changing the specification will be inevitable if we wish to do something here. In which case lets go for something that more cleanly defines what we want to be doing: fully concurrent class-loading. Note: defineClassIfNotPresent is already implemented in the VM as find_or_define_class. It is only used if the AllowParallelDefineClass flag is set. This gives us an easy hook into existing VM mechanics. Proposal: Fully Concurrent ClassLoaders The proposal is that we expand on the notion of a parallel capable class loader and define a "fully concurrent parallel capable class loader" or fully concurrent loader, for short. A fully concurrent loader uses no synchronization in loadClass and the VM uses the "parallel define class" mechanism. For a fully concurrent loader getClassLoadingLock() can return null (or perhaps not - it doesn't matter as we won't use the result anyway). At present we have not made any changes to this method. All the parallel capable JDK classloaders become fully concurrent loaders. This doesn't require any code re-design as none of the mechanisms implemented rely on the per-name locking provided by the parallelLockMap. This seems to give us a path to remove all locking at the Java level during classloading, while retaining full compatibility with Java 7 parallel capable loaders. Fully concurrent loaders will still encounter the performance penalty associated with concurrent attempts to find and prepare a class's bytecode for definition by the VM. What this penalty is depends on the number of concurrent load attempts possible (a function of the number of threads and the application logic, and dependent on the number of processors), and the costs associated with finding and preparing the bytecodes. This obviously has to be measured across a range of applications. Preliminary webrevs: http://cr.openjdk.java.net/~dholmes/concurrent-loaders/webrev.hotspot/ http://cr.openjdk.java.net/~dholmes/concurrent-loaders/webrev.jdk/ Please direct all comments to the mailing list [email protected].

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  • Friday Stats

    - by jjg
    As some of you may have noticed, we've recently opened a new repository in the Code Tools project for small utilities which can be used to gather info about the OpenJDK code base and builds. 1 The latest addition is a utility for analyzing the class file versions in a collection of class files. I've posted an example set of results from analyzing the class files in an OpenJDK build on Linux. 2. Most of the files are version 52 files as you would expect, but there is a surprising number of version 51 and 50 files, as well as a handful of v45.3 files as well. Digging deeper, it turns out that Nashorn is still using version 51 class files, and the Serviceability Agent is still using version 50 class files and one 45.3 class file, leaving the remainder of the 45.3 class files coming from RMI. For more info on the different class file versions, see Joe Darcy's class file version decoder rIng. Thanks to Stuart Marks for planting the seed for the class file version tool. See the project page, repo, and mail archive. http://cr.openjdk.java.net/~jjg/cfv-summary/open/

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