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• Advanced merge directory tree with cp in Linux

  - by mtt

  I need to: Copy all of a tree's folders (with all files, including hidden) under /sourcefolder/* preserving user privileges to /destfolder/ If there is a conflict with a file (a file with the same name exists in destfolder), then rename file in destfolder with a standard rule, like add "old" prefix to filename (readme.txt will become oldreadme.txt) copy the conflicted file from source to destination Conflicts between folders should be transparent - if same directory exists in both sourcefolder and destfolder, then preserve it and recursively copy its content according to the above rules. I need also a .txt report that describes all files/folders added to destfolder and files that were renamed. How can I accomplish this?

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• How do I perform commands in another folder, without repeating the folder path?

  - by Valter Henrique

  Is there a clever way to do copy and move operations or a command to duplicate a file, without having to do a cd, then mv after, at the same folder? For example, I have to run the following: mv /folder1/folder2/folder3/file.txt /folder1/folder2/folder3/file-2013.txt Note that the directory to where I'm moving the file is the same, but I have to put the whole path again and sometimes it gets annoying. I'm curious to know if there's another way to do that without having to put the whole path again, because the operation would be done in the same path.

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• How do I measure or track the progress of a command on a GNU distro?

  - by Felipe Alvarez

  If I run cp file1 file2 I'd like to be able to track it's progress. Is there a command I can use for this? rsync --progress has this, but is there something generic, usable for "any" command?

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• command line find/replace help

  - by Chrisbloom7

  I've got a set of 5000+ files that I need to do a simple search and replace in. I have been doing it in a text editor (EditPlus) by opening 500 files at a time, doing a global search/replace, saving all, closing, etc. But, that's taking literally hours to do and it's boring and tedious and I already have done it once today and need to do it again because all the files got refreshed. Is there a way to do this via the Bash command line? Here's the details: Find onchange="document.location ='/products/view.html/view/'+this.value" Replace it with onchange="alert('Not implemented')" style="display: none" All of the files have a .HTM extension, but they are nested in several sub directories.

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• Simple dig output?

  - by knocte

  In a script I want to be able to write an IP address to somewhere easily, so I thought using dig (or a similar command) with back-ticks. However the simplest output I've been able to come up to wrt dig parameters is > dig -t A +noall +answer www.google.com www.google.com. 300 IN A 173.194.66.106 www.google.com. 300 IN A 173.194.66.104 Any way (extra arg, different tool instead of dig?) to get rid of the junk apart from the IP address?? (And please don't tell me to use sed.) Thanks

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• Diff 2 files while ignoring parts of lines

  - by Millianz

  I would like to diff a file system. Currently my bash script prints out the file system recursively into a file (ls -l -R) and diffs it with an expected output. An example for a line in this file would be: drw---- 100000f3 00000400 0 ./foo/ My current diff command is diff "$TEMP_LOG" "$DIFF_FILE_OUT" --strip-trailing-cr --changed-group-format='%' --unchanged-group-format='' "$SubLog" As you can see I ignore additional lines in the current output file, I only care about lines that match with the master output. I now have the problem though that some files may differ in size, or a folder might even have a different name, but due to it's location I know what access rights it should have. For example: Output: ------- 00000000 00000000 528 ./foo/bar.txt Master: ------- 00000000 00000000 200 ./foo/bar.txt Only the size differs here, and it doesn't matter, I would like to just ignore certain parts of the diff, kind of like an ansi c comment. Master: ------- 00000000 00000000 /*200*/ ./foo/bar.txt -- OR -- Master: d------ 00000000 00000000 /*10*/ ./foo//*123123*///*76456546*//bar.txt Output: d------ 00000000 00000000 0 ./foo/asd/sdf/bar.txt And still have it diff correctly. Is this even possible with diff, or will I have to write a custom script for it? Since I'm fairly new to cygwin I might be using the completely wrong tool all together, I'm happy for any suggestions. Update: Taking a step back, here is the general task at hand that I want to achieve. I want to write a script that checks the file system to see if the read/write permissions are set up correctly. The structure of the file system is under my control, so I don't have to worry about it changing too much. Sometimes folders/files might not be present, but if they are their permissions must be checked. For Example assume that the following is a snapshot of the current file system structure drw ./foo drw ./foo/bar -rw ./foow/bar/bar.txt drw ./foo/baz -rw ./foo/baz/baz.txt And this is what the file system structure might dictate, i.e. if these folders / files are present, the permissions must match. drw ./foo drw ./foo/bar -rw ./foo/bar/bar.txt --- ./foo/bar/foobar.txt drw ./foo/baz -rw ./foo/baz/foobaz.txt In this case the file system checked out ok, since all files present match their expected values. The situation becomes more complicated as soon as certain folders might have any arbitrary name, only due to their location I know what their permissions should be. Assume that the directory ./foo/bar in the above example might be such a case, i.e. instead of bar the folder could have any name, but still match the -rw permissions. This seems like a very complicated situation, and I'm not even sure if I can solve it with bash scripting alone. I might have to write an actual application.

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• Selectively delete entries from Windows 7 autocomplete history dropdown box

  - by kez

  Random question, and I'm sure it has a very simple answer, if not already asked and answered in some shape or form. How do you selectively delete entries from the autocomplete history dropdown thingy? For example, in the Run dialog box, typing a few letters will display a dropdown box with a history of matchine entries that you have previously run. I swear I used to be able to delete from the list by using the arrow keys to highlight and then press the DEL key. Regardless of whether this is true or not, is there any way to selectively delete entries from this list? Another example is the dropdown list in the Remote Desktop Connection dialog box.

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• update terminal title from standard output of long running command?

  - by Sam Hasler

  I'd like to change the title of a terminal window during a long running command (for example: git svn fetch) with values greped from the output, whilst still writing to standard output. Is this possible using named pipes or tee and xargs? I'm thinking something like git svn fetch | sed "s/^\(r\d*\).*$/ \"\\\033]0;\"\1\"\\\007\"/" | xargs -l1 echo -ne based on: http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Xterm-Title-3.html Update: getting this to work would be enough: (echo "r9" ; echo "r10") | sed "s/^\(r\d*\).*$/ \"\\\033]0;\"\1\"\\\007\"/" | xargs -l1 echo -ne Update 2: This almost does what I want. I see r10, but not r9: (echo "r9" ; sleep 1 ; echo "r10") | sed "s/^\(r[0-9]*\)\.*$/\\\033]0;\1\\\007/" | xargs -0 echo -ne

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• Unpack this directory into your PYTHONPATH?

  - by Gnijuohz

  I want to install qt4reactor so I went to the github page, it says: Unpack this directory into your PYTHONPATH I don't know what that means. I unziped the file and I tried to add the path to PYTHOPNPATH in the .bashrc file like this: export PYTHONPATH=/home/jacos/qtreactor But I can't import it whatsoever. What I want to ask is where exactly is my PYTHONPATH? How can I find that out? What's the right way to do this?

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• How to delete files on the command line with regular expressions?

  - by Jack

  Lets say I have 20 files named FOOXX, where XX is the number of the file, eg 01, 02 etc. At the moment, if I want to delete all files lower than the number 10, this is easy and I just use a wildcard, eg rm FOO0* However, if I want to delete specific files ina range, eg 13-15, this becomes more difficult. rm FPP[13-15] does not work, and asks me if I wish to delete all files. Likewse rm FOO1[3-5] wishes to delete all files that begin with FOO1 So, what is the best way to delete ranges of files like this? I have tried with both bash and zsh, and I don't think they differ so much for such a basic task?

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• my.cnf in server directory, why

  - by Mellon

  On my Ubuntu machine, I have installed MySQL . I notice that there are /etc/my.cnf file which contain the content (only two lines): innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G max_allowed_packet = 512M While there is also /etc/mysql/my.cnf with a long content like: # The MySQL database server configuration file. ... ... For me, it looks like both are configurations for MySQL server, but Why there are two my.cnf in different locations, can't the content to be merged to one my.cnf ? What is the purpose to have seperate my.cnf for MySQL server ?

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• Why is the output of ls is like this?

  - by dorelal

  I am using Mac OS X Snow Leopard and when I type ls c * this is what I get in my terminal: clock: PSD demo.html jquery.tzineClock script.js styles.css clock2: clojure-presentations: Clojure-1up.pdf ClojureInTheField-1up.pdf license.html Clojure-4up.pdf README ClojureForRubyists-1up.pdf keynote coffee-script: Cakefile README bin examples index.html package.json test LICENSE Rakefile documentation extras lib src vendor By default I am using Bash.

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• Discrepancy in file size on disk and ls output

  - by smokinguns

  I have a script that checks for gzipped file sizes greater than 1MB and outputs files along with their sizes as a report. This is the code: myReport=`ls -ltrh "$somePath" | egrep '\.gz$' | awk '{print $9,"=>",$5}'` # Count files that exceed 1MB oversizeFiles=`find "$somePath" -maxdepth 1 -size +1M -iname "*.gz" -print0 | xargs -0 ls -lh | wc -l` if [ $oversizeFiles -eq 0 ];then status="PASS" else status="CHECK FAILED. FOUND FILES GREATER THAN 1MB" fi echo -e $status"\n"$myReport The problem is that ls command outputs the files sizes as 1.0MB in the report but the status is "FAIL" as "$oversizeFiles" variable's value is 2. I checked the file sizes on disk and 2 files are 1.1MB. Why this discrepancy? How should I modify the script so that I can generate an accurate report? BTW, I'm on a Mac. Here is what man page for "find" says on my Mac OSX: -size n[ckMGTP] True if the file's size, rounded up, in 512-byte blocks is n. If n is followed by a c,then the primary is true if the file's size is n bytes (characters). Similarly if n is followed by a scale indicator then the file's size is compared to n scaled as: k kilobytes (1024 bytes) M megabytes (1024 kilobytes) G gigabytes (1024 megabytes) T terabytes (1024 gigabytes) P petabytes (1024 terabytes)

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• what to do when ctrl-c can't kill a process?

  - by Dustin Boswell

  Ctrl-c doesn't always work to kill the current process (for instance, if that process is busy in certain network operations). In that case, you just see "^C" by your cursor, and can't do much else. What's the easiest way to force that process to die now without losing my terminal? Summary of answers below: Usually, you can Ctrl-z to put the process to sleep, and then do "kill -9 process-pid", where you find the process's pid with 'ps' and other tools. On Bash (and possibly other shells) you can do "kill -9 %1" (or '%N' in general) which is easier. If Ctrl-z doesn't work, you'll have to open another terminal and kill from there.

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• Bash: Quotes getting stripped when a command is passed as argument to a function

  - by Shoaibi

  I am trying to implement a dry run kind of mechanism for my script and facing the issue of quotes getting stripped off when a command is passed as an argument to a function and resulting in unexpected behavior. dry_run () { echo "$@" #printf '%q ' "$@" if [ "$DRY_RUN" ]; then return 0 fi "$@" } email_admin() { echo " Emailing admin" dry_run su - $target_username -c "cd $GIT_WORK_TREE && git log -1 -p|mail -s '$mail_subject' $admin_email" echo " Emailed" } Output is: su - webuser1 -c cd /home/webuser1/public_html && git log -1 -p|mail -s 'Git deployment on webuser1' [email protected] Expected: su - webuser1 -c "cd /home/webuser1/public_html && git log -1 -p|mail -s 'Git deployment on webuser1' [email protected]" With printf enabled instead of echo: su - webuser1 -c cd\ /home/webuser1/public_html\ \&\&\ git\ log\ -1\ -p\|mail\ -s\ \'Git\ deployment\ on\ webuser1\'\ [email protected] Result: su: invalid option -- 1 That shouldn't be the case if quotes remained where they were inserted. I have also tried using "eval", not much difference. If i remove the dry_run call in email_admin and then run script, it work great.

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• download and process a file by ftp at set intervals, with error handling, rescheduling and status messages

  - by compound eye

  I want to download a data file from a remote ftp server to my machine at regular intervals. Once the file is downloaded I want to call another script which will process the file. My development machine is mac os x, the eventual deployment environment is linux. What's would be the stock standard way to automate this? I know I can use cron to schedule curl to download and to run a script that will process the downloaded file at regular intervals, and I know could write a slightly more complex script or an application that would do this and add error handling, rescheduling and sending status emails. But one of my requirements for this project is to write as little custom code as possible, instead I should try to use standard, tried and true existing tools, and if I do have to write code, to try and write the most straightforward code possible. The reason for this is the code will potentially be installed on a large number of machines, all of which will need to be tweaked, customised and maintained by different people, long after I am gone from the project, so the intention is to use well documented, well supported tools as much as possible. This seems such a common task, there must be tools and scripts all over the internet, written by people who have carefully considered everything that could possibly go wrong when you need to download and process a file from a remote server at regular intervals, with error handling, rescheduling and sending status messages. Is that what Expect is for? What would you recommend? (the system will be downloading weather prediction data every six hours, so that the system can prepare in the event of bad weather warnings)

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• Start Chrome by command line, but adding some arguments to make it login into your Google account automatically

  - by jim

  Is there a way to start Chrome calling it from the command line (using Linux), but providing it some argument to make it login into some Google account automatically? I'm looking for something like google-chrome -account foo -pass bar that I can easily put in a bash script later. A little background: I have a laptop connected to my TV, which is currently using just a mouse for user interaction. There's no google account logged in by default, and that's the way I want to keep it, so my kids can't come across videos and pictures in google and youtube that they are not supposed to see (e.g.: adult content, or anything marked as not appropriate for kids by the google's safe search filters). The bad thing about this is that there are some music videos in youtube that requires you to be logged in to see, usually those we (the adults) used to sing when playing karaoke... as the only input available is a mouse, I'm looking for a way to start with my google account without having to type the whole thing usin the on-screen keyboard. You may think "Why you can't use the keyboard, if the laptop is right there?". Well, it's in a kind of uncomfortable position - too high for me without a chair or something, as it's right above the furniture in where the TV is located. Is there a way to make this scriptable? If not, do you know any other workaround? Note: using the remember me after logging off or alike options are discarded, as the safe-search chrome version must be always the default version to run.

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• Diff and ignore lines missing in one file

  - by Millianz

  I want to diff two files and ignore lines that are present in one file but missing in the other. For example File1: foo bar baz bat File2: foo ball bat I'm currently running the following diff command diff File1 File2 --changed-group-format='%>' --unchanged-group-format='' Which in this case would produce bar baz as the output, i.e. only missing or conflicting lines. I would like to only print conflicting lines, i.e. ignore cases where one line is missing from File2 and is present in File1 (not the other way around). Is there any way to do something like this using diff or do I have to resort to other tools? If so, what would you recommend?

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• stdout and stderr of script doesn't get redirected when executed by cron

  - by gletscher

  Hi, when I execute ./script &>> log.txt I get a nice logfile, but if I have the same command executed by cron, lets say the crontab looks like this: * * * * * '/home/user/script &>> /home/user/log.txt' the log.txt will just be empty, I tried " and ' and ` and no ticks to enclose the command, any idea why the streams won't get written into the file?

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• Over writing output to a text file

  - by Naveen Gamage

  I'm trying to write wget command's output to a text file, but it always appends to the text file. #!/bin/sh download() { local url=$1 echo -n " " wget --progress=dot $url 2>&1 | grep --line-buffered "%" | \ sed -u -e "s,\.,,g" | awk '{printf("\b\b\b\b%4s", $2)}' echo " DONE" } file="$1" echo -n "Downloading $file:" download "$file" > file.log I tried using using > won't work, where am I doing wrong?

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• Problems with Startup after Script runs to Shutdown Windows 7 PC

  - by Toby Allen

  I have a simple .bat script to shutdown a kiosk style machine in our work shutdown -h -f this hibernates the machine and I have it running each evening as a scheduled job. However my problem comes when I turn the machine on again. The first time I press power it starts up and then immediately hibernates again, like it runs the script a second time. the second time I press power it stays up. Any suggestions on how I can avoid this?

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• Tab Auto-Completion in Mac OS X when using sftp in terminal

  - by AlanTuring

  i have been getting very frustrated lately since the readline functionality has been removed from MacOSX and Tab Auto-Completion doesn't work anymore. So i was wondering if anyone knew a good alternative to use that i could install so i can tab auto-complete files when sftp'd in. I heard that with-readline is a good option for this. If so, how do i get an alias sftp = with-readline sftp to work? I would like to do the same with any other option that isn't with-readline, so i don't have to assign an alias each time i set up a session. I am using Mac OS X 10.8(Mountain Lion) with Homebrew installed. Thanks in advance to anyone who can help me.

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• I've executed a command "mv *.2 *" in home dir. How can I get my files back? :)

  - by life-warrior

  After executing command above, I've got all the files and dirs missing (except the hidden one). Where are they and how can I get them back ? Please help :)

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• Accidental Extract Location - How to Clean Up?

  - by Gordon

  Sometimes I will do a command such as unzip tons_of_files.zip And I will forget to put a -d to point to a subdirectory. This causes the current folder to get filled with tons of files that are intermixed with the existing files. What is the best way to remove all these new files and/or move them to a new directory? I want to avoid having to manually examine the directory and determine if the file was part of the archive or was already present.

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• UTF-8 locale portability (and ssh)

  - by kine

  I spend a lot of my time sshed into various machines, all of which are different (some are embedded, some run Linux, some run BSD, &c.). On my own local machines, however, i use OS X, which of course has a userland based on FreeBSD. My locale on those machines is set to en_GB.UTF-8, which is one of the available options: % echo `sw_vers` ProductName: Mac OS X ProductVersion: 10.8.2 BuildVersion: 12C60 % locale -a | grep -i 'en_gb.utf' en_GB.UTF-8 Several of the more-capable Linux systems i use appear to have an equivalent option, but i note that on Linux the name is slightly different: % lsb_release -d Description: Debian GNU/Linux 6.0.3 (squeeze) % locale -a | grep -i 'en_gb.utf' en_GB.utf8 This makes me wonder: When i ssh into a Linux machine from my Mac, and it forwards all of my LC_* variables with that 'UTF-8' suffix, does that Linux machine even understand what is being asked of it? Or is it just falling back to some other locale? In either case, what is the mechanism behind its behaviour, and is it dependent on any particular set-up (e.g., will i see the same behaviour on a BusyBox-based system as on a GNU-based one)?

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