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  • Is there a way to generate a short random id, avoiding collisions, without hitting persistent storag

    - by bshacklett
    If you've used GoToMeeting, that's the type of ID I want. I'd like it to be random so that it obfuscates the number of items being tracked and short, so that it's easy to reference manually; UUIDs are way too long. I'd like to avoid hitting persistent storage merely for performance reasons, but I can't think of any other way to avoid collisions. Is 9 digits enough to do something time-based?

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  • Different Types of Linked Lists!

    - by Jay
    What are the different types of Linked Lists which are commonly used? I know and have used the following: Singly Linked List Doubly Linked List Circular List What are the other kinds of lists that have been used by you or known to you?

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  • Show last command with up arrow on a linux c shell

    - by nunos
    I have implemented a simple linux shell in c. Now, I am adding some features and one I immediately thought about was to be able to show the last commands with the up arrow. Question 1: However, I have no idea how to accomplish this. Do you? Question 2: Any comment on how to store the "history" commands are also appreciated. I suppose something like a queue which allows access to all elements would be a good idea. Am I wrong? Do I have to implement it or is there already some good implementation out there I should know about? Thanks.

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  • How to fit a custom graph to the boost graph library template?

    - by Michael
    I'm rusty on C++ templates and I'm using the boost graph library (a fatal combination). I've searched the web and can't find any direct instructions on how to take a custom graph structure and fit enough of it to BGL (boost graph library) that I can use boosts graph traversing algorithms. Anyone familiar enough with the library to help me out?

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  • Adding line with text between pattern and next occurence of the same pattern in bash

    - by kasper
    I am writing a bash script that modifies a file that looks like this: --- usr1 --- data data data data data data data data data data data data --- usr2 --- data data data data data data data data --- usr3 --- data data data data --- endline --- One question is: How to add next user line --- usrn --- after last user data lines? Second one is: How to delete specific user data lines (data lines and --- userx ---) i.e. I would like to delete usr2 with all his data set. It must work on bash 2.05 :) and I think it will use awk or sed, but I'm not sure.

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  • TStringList, Dynamic Array or Linked List in Delphi?

    - by lkessler
    I have a choice. I have an array of ordered strings that I need to store and access. It looks like I can choose between using: A TStringList A Dynamic Array of strings, and A Linked List of strings In what circumstances is each of these better than the others? Which is best for small lists (under 10 items)? Which is best for large lists (over 1000 items)? Which is best for huge lists (over 1,000,000 items)? Which is best tor minimize memory use? Which is best to minimize loading and/or access time? For reference, I am using Delphi 2009.

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  • How to Load Data from Text File in MySQL?

    - by Taz
    I have this file availableHere Fields are separated by space and newline starts at new line. I am using this command to load data mysql> LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE 'C:\\Documents and Settings\\Scan\\My Documents\\Downloads\\images_en.nt\\Sample4.txt' INTO TABLE NER.Images FIELDS TERMINATED BY' ' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n';' Only one row is loaded and if I execute again No row is loaded. Where is the problem? Data can be modified to reformat if required.

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  • Memory efficient int-int dict in Python

    - by Bolo
    Hi, I need a memory efficient int-int dict in Python that would support the following operations in O(log n) time: d[k] = v # replace if present v = d[k] # None or a negative number if not present I need to hold ~250M pairs, so it really has to be tight. Do you happen to know a suitable implementation (Python 2.7)? EDIT Removed impossible requirement and other nonsense. Thanks, Craig and Kylotan! To rephrase. Here's a trivial int-int dictionary with 1M pairs: >>> import random, sys >>> from guppy import hpy >>> h = hpy() >>> h.setrelheap() >>> d = {} >>> for _ in xrange(1000000): ... d[random.randint(0, sys.maxint)] = random.randint(0, sys.maxint) ... >>> h.heap() Partition of a set of 1999530 objects. Total size = 49161112 bytes. Index Count % Size % Cumulative % Kind (class / dict of class) 0 1 0 25165960 51 25165960 51 dict (no owner) 1 1999521 100 23994252 49 49160212 100 int On average, a pair of integers uses 49 bytes. Here's an array of 2M integers: >>> import array, random, sys >>> from guppy import hpy >>> h = hpy() >>> h.setrelheap() >>> a = array.array('i') >>> for _ in xrange(2000000): ... a.append(random.randint(0, sys.maxint)) ... >>> h.heap() Partition of a set of 14 objects. Total size = 8001108 bytes. Index Count % Size % Cumulative % Kind (class / dict of class) 0 1 7 8000028 100 8000028 100 array.array On average, a pair of integers uses 8 bytes. I accept that 8 bytes/pair in a dictionary is rather hard to achieve in general. Rephrased question: is there a memory-efficient implementation of int-int dictionary that uses considerably less than 49 bytes/pair?

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  • How do I model teams and gameplay in this scorekeeping application?

    - by Eric Hill
    I'm writing a scorekeeping application for card game that has a few possibly-interesting constraints. The application accepts user registrations for players, then lets them check-in to a particular game (modeled as Event). After the final player registers, the app should generate teams, singles or doubles, depending on the preference of the person running the game and some validations (can't do doubles if there's an odd number checked in). There are @event.teams.count rounds in the game. To sum up: An event consists of `@event.teams.count` rounds; Teams can have 1 or more players Events have n or n/2 teams (depending on whether it's singles or doubles) Users will be members of different teams at different events Currently I have a rat's nest of associations: class User < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :teams, :through => :players has_many :events, :through => :teams class Event < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :rounds has_many :teams has_many :players, :through => :teams class Player < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :user belongs_to :team end class Team < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :players belongs_to :event end class Round < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :event belongs_to :user end The sticky part is team generation. I have basically a "start game" button that should freeze the registrations and pair up teams either singly or doubly, and render to Round#new so that the first (and subsequent) matches can be scored. Currently I'm implementing this as a check on Round#new that calls Event#generate_teams and displays the view: # Event#generate_teams def generate_teams # User has_many :events, :through => :registrations # self.doubles is a boolean denoting 2 players per team registrations.in_groups_of(self.doubles ? 2 : 1, nil).each do |side| self.teams << Player.create(self,side) end end Which doesn't work. Should there maybe be a Game model that ties everything together rather than (my current method) defining the game as an abstraction via the relationships between Events, Users, and Rounds (and Teams and Players and etc.)? My head is swimming.

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  • passing groups of properties from 1 class to another

    - by insanepaul
    I have a group of 13 properties in a class. I created a struct for these properties and passed it to another class. I need to add another 10 groups of these 13 properties. So thats 130 properties in total. What do I do? I could add all 130 properties to the struct. Will this affect performance and readability I could create a list of structs but don't know how to access an item eg. to add to the list: listRowItems.Add(new RowItems(){a=1, b=1, c=1, d=1...}); listRowItems.Add(new RowItems(){a=2, b=2, c=2, d=2...}); How do I access the second group item b? is it Could I use just a dictionary with 130 items Should I use a list of dictionaries (again I don't know how to access a particular item) Should I pass in a class of 130 properties Just for your interest the properties are css parameters used for a composite control. The control displays 13 elements in each row and there are 10 rows and each row is customisable.

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  • What is a faster way of merging the values of this Python structure into a single dictionary?

    - by jcoon
    I've refactored how the merged-dictionary (all_classes) below is created, but I'm wondering if it can be more efficient. I have a dictionary of dictionaries, like this: groups_and_classes = {'group_1': {'class_A': [1, 2, 3], 'class_B': [1, 3, 5, 7], 'class_c': [1, 2], # ...many more items like this }, 'group_2': {'class_A': [11, 12, 13], 'class_C': [5, 6, 7, 8, 9] }, # ...and many more items like this } A function creates a new object from groups_and_classes like this (the function to create this is called often): all_classes = {'class_A': [1, 2, 3, 11, 12, 13], 'class_B': [1, 3, 5, 7, 9], 'class_C': [1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] } Right now, there is a loop that does this: all_classes = {} for group in groups_and_classes.values(): for c, vals in group.iteritems(): for v in vals: if all_classes.has_key(c): if v not in all_classes[c]: all_classes[c].append(v) else: all_classes[c] = [v] So far, I changed the code to use a set instead of a list since the order of the list doesn't matter and the values need to be unique: all_classes = {} for group in groups_and_classes.values(): for c, vals in group.iteritems(): try: all_classes[c].update(set(vals)) except KeyError: all_classes[c] = set(vals) This is a little nicer, and I didn't have to convert the sets to lists because of how all_classes is used in the code. Question: Is there a more efficient way of creating all_classes (aside from building it at the same time groups_and_classes is built, and changing everywhere this function is called)?

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  • Designing DAL in .NET to be "data-source independent" and not just "database independent" ?

    - by Munish Goyal
    How to design such flexible DAL (specifically in .NET) ? What interfaces .NET provides and what should be done on my own ? Its a greenfield project starting with SQL Server as data source but in future, parts of it will move to different NoSQL type of datastores. Also, we may need to experiment with lot of different datastores (like some data may have to go with Cassandra, some with RDBMS, some to other DHT etc.) Therefore easily switchable access layer will be needed. All i know right now is the 'data' and 'operations needed on that data'.

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  • Resources to learn about engineering aspects of data analytics (OLAP, warehousing, ETL, etc.)

    - by JT
    I'm a math/stats guy, interested in learning more about the engineering aspects of "data analytics" (this may be an overly broad term, this is a case of "I don't know what I don't know", so I'm not sure how to be more specific). I'm fine with manipulating and analyzing the data once it's already stored somewhere and I can access it, and I'm fine with writing scripts and SQL queries (and have a general knowledge of things like normalization). What I don't know is the whole engineering process of capturing and storing the data. For example, terms I've heard thrown about that I only vaguely understand the meaning of include: - OLAP, OLTP - Data warehousing - ETL - ??? What's a good book (or any other resource) to learn about these kinds of things? What are things I should know about database design (normalization seems kinda "obvious" to me, something I would have done even before I knew the term -- is there anything else?)? In other words, for jobs falling under the umbrella term of "analytics engineer", what kinds of things should I know?

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  • Structure accessible by attribute name or index options

    - by Bruno DeGoia
    I am very new to Python, and trying to figure out how to create an object that has values that are accessible either by attribute name, or by index. For example, the way os.stat() returns a stat_result or pwd.getpwnam() returns a struct_passwd. In trying to figure it out, I've only come across C implementations of the above types. Nothing specifically in Python. What is the Python native way to create this kind of object? I apologize if this has been widely covered already. In searching for an answer, I must be missing some fundamental concept that is excluding me from finding an answer.

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  • Django Database design -- Is this a good stragety for overriding defaults

    - by rh0dium
    Hi SO's I have a question on good database design practices and I would like to leverage you guys for pointers. The project started out simple. Hey we have a bunch of questions we want answered for every project (no problem) Which turned into... Hey we have so many questions can we group them into sections (yup we can do that) Which lead into.. Can we weight these questions and I don't really want some of these questions for my project (Yes but we are getting difficult) And then I'm thinking they will want to have each section have it's own weight.. Requirements So there's the requirements - For n number of project Allow a admin member the ability select the questions for a project Allow the admin member to re-weigh or use the default weights for the questions Allow the admin member to re-weight the sections Allow team members to answer the questions. So here is what I came up with. Please feel free to comment and provide better examples models.py from django.db import models from django.contrib.sites.models import Site from django.conf import settings class Section(models.Model): """ This describes the various sections for a checklist: """ name = models.CharField(max_length=64) description = models.TextField() class Question(models.Model): """ This simply provides a simple way to list out the questions. """ question = models.CharField(max_length=255) answer_type = models.CharField(max_length=16) description = models.TextField() section = models.ForeignKey(Section) class ProjectQuestion(models.Model): """ These are the questions relevant to the project """ question = models.ForeignKey(Question) answer = models.CharField(max_length=255) required = models.BooleanField(default=True) weight = models.FloatField(default = XXX) class Project(models.Model): """ Here is where we want to gather our questions """ questions = models.ManyToManyField(ProjectQuestion) Immediate questions: - When I start a project - any ideas on how to "pre-populate" the questions (and ultimately the weights) for the project? - Is there a generally accepted method for doing this process that I am missing? Basically the idea that you refer to the questions overide your own default weight, and store the answer? - It appears that a good chuck of the work will be done in the views and that a lot of checking will need to occur there? Is that OK? Again - feel free to give me better strategies!! Thanks

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  • Is there a lightweight multipart/form-data parser in C or C++?

    - by Hongli
    I'm looking at integrating multipart form-data parsing in a web server module so that I can relieve backend web applications (often written in dynamic languages) from parsing the multipart data themselves. The multipart grammar (RFC 2046) looks non-trivial and if I implement it by hand a lot of things can go wrong. Is there already a good, lightweight multipart/form-data parser written in C or C++? I'm looking for one with no external dependencies other than the C or C++ standard library. I don't need email attachment handling or buffered I/O classes or a portability runtime or whatever, just multipart/form-data parsing. Things that I've considered: GMime - depends on glib, so no go. libapreq - too large, depends on APR, badly documented, no unit tests. I've also looked at writing a parser with Ragel, but I can't figure out how to do it because the grammar is not static: the boundary can change arbitrarily.

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  • Processing command-line arguments in prefix notation in Python

    - by ejm
    I'm trying to parse a command-line in Python which looks like the following: $ ./command -o option1 arg1 -o option2 arg2 arg3 In other words, the command takes an unlimited number of arguments, and each argument may optionally be preceded with an -o option, which relates specifically to that argument. I think this is called a "prefix notation". In the Bourne shell I would do something like the following: while test -n "$1" do if test "$1" = '-o' then option="$2" shift 2 fi # Work with $1 (the argument) and $option (the option) # ... shift done Looking around at the Bash tutorials, etc. this seems to be the accepted idiom, so I'm guessing Bash is optimized to work with command-line arguments this way. Trying to implement this pattern in Python, my first guess was to use pop(), as this is basically a stack operation. But I'm guessing this won't work as well on Python because the list of arguments in sys.argv is in the wrong order and would have to be processed like a queue (i.e. pop from the left). I've read that lists are not optimized for use as queues in Python. So, my ideas are: convert argv to a collections.deque and use popleft(), reverse argv using reverse() and use pop(), or maybe just work with the int list indices themselves. Does anyone know of a better way to do this, otherwise which of my ideas would be best-practise in Python?

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  • Generate and merge data with python multiprocessing

    - by Bobby
    I have a list of starting data. I want to apply a function to the starting data that creates a few pieces of new data for each element in the starting data. Some pieces of the new data are the same and I want to remove them. The sequential version is essentially: def create_new_data_for(datum): """make a list of new data from some old datum""" return [datum.modified_copy(k) for k in datum.k_list] data = [some list of data] #some data to start with #generate a list of new data from the old data, we'll reduce it next newdata = [] for d in data: newdata.extend(create_new_data_for(d)) #now reduce the data under ".matches(other)" reduced = [] for d in newdata: for seen in reduced: if d.matches(seen): break #so we haven't seen anything like d yet seen.append(d) #now reduced is finished and is what we want! I want to speed this up with multiprocessing. I was thinking that I could use a multiprocessing.Queue for the generation. Each process would just put the stuff it creates on, and when the processes are reducing the data, they can just get the data from the Queue. But I'm not sure how to have the different process loop over reduced and modify it without any race conditions or other issues. What is the best way to do this safely? or is there a different way to accomplish this goal better?

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  • Does a HashMap retain the order of its elements on the next read if it is constructed as a LinkedHas

    - by javanix
    Suppose I have a Java method that returns a HashMap object. Because a LinkedHashMap is a subclass of HashMap, I can return a LinkedHashMap from this method just fine. On the next "read" action (no adding/removing/modifying of K/V pairs), would iterating over the keys of the resulting method (which returns a HashMap) go in the same order as the originating LinkedHashMap, even though the HashMap lacks the key links?

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  • Strategy to structure a search index in a relational database

    - by neilc
    I am interested in suggestions for building an efficient and robust structure for indexing products in a new database I am building (i'm using MySql) When a product is entered through the form there are three parts I am interested in indexing for searching purposes. The product title The product description Tags The most important is title, followed by tags, followed by the description. I was thinking of using the following structure CREATE TABLE `searchindex` ( `id` INT NOT NULL , `word` VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL , `weighting` INT NOT NULL , `product_id` INT NOT NULL , PRIMARY KEY ( `id` ) ) Then each time a product is created I would split apart the title, description and tags (removing common words) and award them a weighting. Then it is trivial to select out the words and corresponding products and order them by weighting. Is there a better way to do this? I would be worried that this strategy would slow down over time and as the database filled up.

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  • Why should structure names have a typedef?

    - by Jay
    I have seen source codes always having a typedef for a structure and using the same everywhere instead of using the structure name as "struct sname" etc directly? What is the reason behind this? Are there any advantages in doing this?

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