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• Lighttpd with FastCGI won't create /tmp/fcgi.sock on startup?

  - by Marlon

  I'm running lighttpd-1.4.19 on a debian 5 box and try to run web2py with fastcgi. The problem with that is, that lighttpd does not create the socket file /tmp/fcgi.sock. If I'm creating the file by myself touch /tmp/fcgi.sock lighttpd will start but will throw this error after some time running: unexpected end-of-file (perhaps the fastcgi process died): pid: 0 socket: unix:/tmp/fcgi.sock My config looks like this: fastcgi.server = ( "/handler_web2py.fcgi" = ( "handler_web2py" = ( #name for logs "check-local" = "disable", "socket" = "/tmp/fcgi.sock", "idle-timeout" = 20, "max-procs" = 1 ) ), ) Is there any known problem with running lighttpd on debian 5? Thanks for any help. I have pasted the whole lighttpd config: http://pastie.org/1660646

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• Where do you find the Bash source files of programs in Linux/Mac OSX?

  - by AndrewKS

  I am currently writing some convenience methods for my terminal in my bash_profile and am sure if what I am writing is "the best way". I figure a good way to verify whether what I'm doing is right or not would be to find some source code of more established programs and see how they do it. My question then is, where can I find this code on my Mac? An example is, with Macports installed, where is the source code that opens the port interactive console when I type nothing but "port" in my shell? (I added Linux in the title even though I am on a Mac because I assume the answer would be the same for both) Edit: The answer I am looking for is in terms of which directory relative to the programs will I find their unix scripts.

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• What are the benefits of running a app server in user space, like Unicorn, as opposed to as sudo?

  - by dan

  I've been using Phusion Passenger + Rails/Sinatra for a lot of projects. Passenger runs under the main Nginx or Apache process. But I'm interested in Unicorn, partly because it runs in user space. You just set up Nginx to proxy_pass requests to a unix socket that is connected to Unicorn processes that you fire up under a normal user account. Is there anything to be said as far as advantages and disadvantages of these two alternative approaches to running an web app? I mean in terms of ease of administration, stability, simplicity, etc.

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• Allowing non-admins to run programs as admins on Windows 7

  - by Josh

  On *nix, admins can use the setuid flag to allow non-admins to run certain programs that would otherwise require admin privileges. Is there any way to do something similar in Windows 7? This question has been asked here before for Windows XP, and the answers were generally unsatisfying. I'm wondering if Windows 7 provides a better way. One idea I can think of would be to use Microsoft's Subsystem for UNIX Applications, but I'd rather not install that on every user's system if I can avoid it. Another idea I can think of (which would work on XP too, but I haven't seen it mentioned anywhere) would be to create a RunAsAdmin application that runs as a service, that takes a whitelist of "safe" apps and can be asked (from a command line, batch file or script) to run any program on the list as LocalSystem or whatever account the service uses. Is this possible? Are there any solutions that aren't as clunky as those? Or, has anyone implemented either of the above techniques successfully?

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• How do I fix Nginx config to work with multiple hosts of Unicorn?

  - by fred deAlmeida

  I have no problem instantiating multiple instances of unicorn on different unix sockets and ports. Works fine if I do url:port. My problem comes in correctly formatting nginx.conf to allow multipe upstream conditions. Whatever i do does not seem to work. One instance is fine works fine. Multiple gives me a ""upstream" directive is not allowed here error I am using the base nginx sample from the unicorn site. and doubling up the upstream area with differing terms. each is part of the http set. Any help would be amazing!

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• Apache on Mac Mavericks issue

  - by Michael

  Trying to run Apache so that I can create a testing server on my mac.When I start apache it starts, but it doesn't run (no connection to local host. Ill upload the unix,you'll see that after starting there is no processes, and I did a check to show you what was running on my port 80... I don't entirely know that means. Michaels-MacBook-Pro-3:~ michaelramos$ sudo apachectl start Michaels-MacBook-Pro-3:~ michaelramos$ ps aux | grep httpd michaelramos 348 0.0 0.0 2442000 624 s000 S+ 8:51AM 0:00.00 grep httpd Michaels-MacBook-Pro-3:~ michaelramos$ sudo apachectl start org.apache.httpd: Already loaded Michaels-MacBook-Pro-3:~ michaelramos$ sudo lsof -i ':80' COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME ocspd 96 root 18u IPv4 0x8402f926599c58df 0t0 TCP dhcp-92-67.radford.edu:49267->108.162.232.196:http (ESTABLISHED) ocspd 96 root 20u IPv4 0x8402f926599c58df 0t0 TCP dhcp-92-67.radford.edu:49267->108.162.232.196:http (ESTABLISHED) ocspd 96 root 21u IPv4 0x8402f926599c50f7 0t0 TCP dhcp-92-67.radford.edu:49268->108.162.232.206:http (ESTABLISHED) ocspd 96 root 23u IPv4 0x8402f926599c50f7 0t0 TCP dhcp-92-67.radford.edu:49268->108.162.232.206:http (ESTABLISHED)

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• Efficient PuTTy workflow / configuration

  - by Adrian Ratnapala

  PuTTy is a fine SSH client, but how do you get a workflow managed as slickly as OpenSSH on Unix? My issues with PuTTy's management are: PuTTy tools are not in my PATH (easily fixable) PuTTy seems to have no equivalent of ~/.ssh, so I end have to manually choose locations for my keypairs, and then manually tell all the tools where to find them every time The private key's read permissions seem lax (I might be wrong about this, I a klutz on Windows). Pageant doesn't run by default (easily fixable?) Other programs don't reliably find pageant I suspect all of these problems can be fixed if I just get set my system up properly, and/or organise a nice workflow that fits into PuTTy's way of doing things. So can anyone share some success stories about managing PuTTy?

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• Nginx fastcgi split path info with mailman

  - by eyadof

  i'm using mailman with nginx to get its web interface this my nginx config : location /cgi-bin/mailman { root /usr/lib/; fastcgi_split_path_info (/cgi-bin/mailman[^/]*)/(.*)$; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/fcgiwrap.socket; } it's seems to work good when i call mydomain.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo, but when I request something like : mydomain.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/mylist i get 403 and in nginx error log : FastCGI sent in stderr: "Cannot chdir to script directory (/usr/lib/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo)" while reading response header from upstream I tried every regex available to get it work but it still give 403 any help or any clue to get it work .

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• How to determine if a file has been backed up?

  - by Console

  I try to consolidate old drives to new ones of larger capacity. Sometimes files have been renamed, but are otherwise identical. Sometimes an old directory has just a few more files in it than a newer directory with the same name. Sometimes a file has the same name but the size differs. So I often find myself asking the question: Are there any files on this old drive or directory that I haven't already copied to the new drive? I just want to know that I have the files, I don't want to try and sync stuff automatically (Syncing tools tend to just sync, creating duplicate folder structures and other problems, so I prefer to do it by hand). Basically, if an old drive has a file called "foo.bar" ten directories deep, and my new big drive has an identical file called "oldstuff.zip" in the root, I just want a "yes you have it" or "no, unique files exist". Is there a free tool, a script or a quick and easy method (Mac/Unix or Windows) to get the answer?

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• Windows XP: Consequences of setting a password for an account

  - by sleske

  I do not quite understand how Windows (specifically Windows XP) handles accounts with/without passwords. As far as I can see, on a fresh Windows XP install I have one default account which has admin rights does not have a password will auto-login (without password prompt) when the computer boots What happens if I set a password for this account? Will it still auto-login? Or will it always prompt for the PW? And generally, what consequences does it have if I set a password? I noted that Scheduled Tasks apparently cannot run under an account w/o password (creating a scheduled task will prompt for the account PW). Is there anything that will not work with a password set? Why is it even possible to have accounts without a password? I have some Unix/Linux background, but the concepts appear a little different under Windows.

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• MySQL Server Not Starting on Boot

  - by Brian

  I have installed MySQL on a RHEL 5 server and I'm wanting to set it up so that the server starts on boot. I've ran the "chkconfig --list mysqld" command and it's currently running on levels 3, 4 and 5. However, when I reboot the server, no mysqld process is started. I've also tried manually starting the server by executing "/usr/bin/mysqld_safe" and I get the following output: Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql STOPPING server from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 100319 10:31:30 mysqld ended I looked in /var/log/mysqld.log and I found the following: 100319 10:29:01 mysqld started 100319 10:29:02 InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 29752204 100319 10:29:02 [ERROR] Can't start server : Bind on unix socket: Permission denied 100319 10:29:02 [ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock ? 100319 10:29:02 [ERROR] Aborting

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• Set nginx.conf to deny all connections except to certain files or directories

  - by Ben

  I am trying to set up Nginx so that all connections to my numeric ip are denied, with the exception of a few arbitrary directories and files. So if someone goes to my IP, they are allowed to access the index.php file, and the phpmyadmin directory for example, but should they try to access any other directories, they will be denied. This is my server block from nginx.conf: server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm index.php; } location ~ \.php$ { root html; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm/php-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /srv/http/nginx/$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } } How would I proceed? Thanks very much!

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• vsFTPd and iptables - how to configure them in CentOS 5.5?

  - by Vincenzo

  I've installed vsFTPd in CentOS 5.5, on TWO servers, and added this rule to their iptable-s: -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT Looks like this is not enough, since when I'm trying to upload a file from one server to another, I'm getting this result (IP address is masked): # ftp 99.99.99.99 Connected to …com (99.99.99.99). 220 (vsFTPd 2.0.5) Name (99.99.99.99:root): vinny 331 Please specify the password. Password: 230 Login successful. Remote system type is UNIX. Using binary mode to transfer files. ftp> ls 227 Entering Passive Mode (99,99,99,99,107,74) ftp: connect: No route to host I've found a few articles in the net about the second rule I have to add to iptables, but I didn't find the right syntax for it. Could you please help?

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• Backup broken PostgreSQL 8.4 without pg_dump

  - by Daniil

  So. I have a problem. PostgreSQL 8.4 won't start or restart without any output given. But it worked for 3 monthes until hosting provider doesn't rebooted server. Now it is completly broken. It wan't start and doesn't give any output or log. pg_dump: [archiver (db)] connection to database "postgres" failed: No such file or directory Is the server running locally and accepting connections on Unix domain socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"? Now I want to backup (or just start pgsql socket) my database to reinstall postgesql. How?

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• Moving a Drupal between linux servers, best practice to avoid file-ownership problems

  - by zero

  I want to port over a Drupal commons 6x24 from a local LAMP-stack to a production webserver. Both systems run OpenSuse Linux. How do I do this, what are the most important steps. How should I handle file-ownership. It's important for me to have to have full control of the file ownership. If I use the wwwrun account, I frequently run into problems, due to a very strict webserver-admin. See for example the long history of looking for fixes and solutions see this thread and even more interesting see this very long and impressive thread here. All troubles I run into have to do with file-owernship and permissions. This is my current setup; Note: This was just a quick hacked installation - quick and dirty. Well my interest is after the general options i have in the port of a drupal from linux to linux linux-vi17:/srv/www/htdocs/com624 # ls -l insgesamt 224 -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 45285 19. Jan 00:54 CHANGELOG.txt -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 925 19. Jan 00:54 COPYRIGHT.txt -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 206 19. Jan 00:54 cron.php drwxrwxrwx 2 root www 4096 19. Jan 00:54 includes -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 923 19. Jan 00:54 index.php -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 1244 19. Jan 00:54 INSTALL.mysql.txt -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 1011 19. Jan 00:54 INSTALL.pgsql.txt -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 47073 19. Jan 00:54 install.php -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 15572 19. Jan 00:54 INSTALL.txt -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 14940 19. Jan 00:54 LICENSE.txt -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 1858 19. Jan 00:54 MAINTAINERS.txt drwxrwxrwx 3 root www 4096 19. Jan 00:54 misc drwxrwxrwx 35 root www 4096 19. Jan 00:54 modules drwxrwxrwx 4 root www 4096 19. Jan 00:54 profiles -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 1470 19. Jan 00:54 robots.txt drwxrwxrwx 2 root www 4096 19. Jan 00:54 scripts drwxrwxrwx 4 root www 4096 19. Jan 00:54 sites drwxrwxrwx 7 root www 4096 19. Jan 00:54 themes -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 26250 19. Jan 00:54 update.php -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 4864 19. Jan 00:54 UPGRADE.txt -rwxrwxrwx 1 root www 294 19. Jan 00:54 xmlrpc.php linux-vi17:/srv/www/htdocs/com624 # thx to BetaRides answer here a quick overview on the drush functionality with rsync http://drush.ws/ core-rsync Rsync the Drupal tree to/from another server using ssh. Examples: drush rsync @dev @stage Rsync Drupal root from dev to stage (one of which must be local). drush rsync ./ @stage:%files/img Rsync all files in the current directory to the 'img' directory in the file storage folder on stage. Arguments: source May be rsync path or site alias. See rsync documentation and example.aliases.drushrc.php. destination May be rsync path or site alias. See rsync documentation and example.aliases.drushrc.php. Options: --mode The unary flags to pass to rsync; --mode=rultz implies rsync -rultz. Default is -az. --RSYNC-FLAG Most rsync flags passed to drush sync will be passed on to rsync. See rsync documentation. --exclude-conf Excludes settings.php from being rsynced. Default. --include-conf Allow settings.php to be rsynced --exclude-files Exclude the files directory. --exclude-sites Exclude all directories in "sites/" except for "sites/all". --exclude-other-sites Exclude all directories in "sites/" except for "sites/all" and the site directory for the site being synced. Note: if the site directory is different between the source and destination, use --exclude-sites followed by "drush rsync @from:%site @to:%site" --exclude-paths List of paths to exclude, seperated by : (Unix-based systems) or ; (Windows). --include-paths List of paths to include, seperated by : (Unix-based systems) or ; (Windows). Topics: docs-aliases Site aliases overview with examples Aliases: rsync

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• How to get uncaught PHP errors from fcgi server

  - by jason

  My web hosting company recently replaced suPHP with fcgi on my dedicated server because I needed opcode functionality. Since then I see loads of 500 errors in apache error and php error log is empty. I have no way to figure out whats the root cause. One reason I found out was time out so my hosting company changed FcgidConnectTimeout and FcgidIOTimeout to a value of 200. I believe there are no more timeout errors in my php script. My question is how do I capture PHP error before 500 internal server error page display to user? I am using Centos 5.8 server, WHM 11.34.0 (build 9), PHP 5.3.18 and Apache/2.2.23 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.23 OpenSSL/0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 mod_auth_passthrough/2.1 mod_bwlimited/1.4 FrontPage/5.0.2.2635 mod_fcgid/2.3.6

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• Is there an equivalent of SU for Windows

  - by CodeSlave

  Is there a way (when logged in as an administrator, or as a member of the administrators group) to masquerade as a non-privileged user? Especially in an AD environment. e.g., in the Unix world I could do the following (as root): # whoami root # su johnsmith johnsmith> whoami johnsmith johnsmith> exit # exit I need to test/configure something on a user's account, and I don't want to have to know their password or have to reset it. Edit: runas won't cut it. Ideally, my whole desktop would become the user's, etc. and not just in a cmd window.

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• can not connect via SSH to a remote Postgresql database

  - by tartox

  I am trying to connect via pgAdmin3 GUI to a Postgresql database on a remote server myHost on port 5432. Server side : I have a Unix myUser that match a postgresql role. pg_hba.conf is : local all all trust host all all 127.0.0.1/32 trust Client side : I open an ssh tunnel : ssh -L 3333:myHost:5432 myUser@myHost I connect to the server via pgAdmin3 ( or via psql -h localhost -p 3333 ). I get the following error message : server closed the connection unexpectedly This probably means the server terminated abnormally before or while processing the request. I have tried to access a specific database with the superuser role using psql -h localhost -p 3333 --dbname=myDB --user=mySuperUser with no more success. What did I forget in the setup ? Thank you

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• Is it really necessary to call /bin/sync twice before an unmanaged power-off?

  - by Jeremy Friesner

  Hi all, My company sells an "embedded device" which is implemented as a headless Linux box with ext4 on an internal SSD. Some of our users have a habit of doing a "save current settings" on this box, and then cutting power to the unit as soon as the unit reports that the save completed (ie two seconds later). This was causing occasional corruption of the saved files, as the data wouldn't always get flushed to the SSD before the power went out. So I tweaked my software to run /bin/sync immediately after writing the file (after closing the file handle but before notifying the user that the save completed). This appears to fix the issue, but my coworker says that one call to /bin/sync isn't sufficient, and that to be really safe I ought to run /bin/sync twice in a row. That sounds like paranoia to me... Perhaps a habit from earlier versions of Linux or unix whose sync utility didn't work reliably. Does his advice have merit, or should one call to /bin/sync suffice?

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• How do you pronounce Linux?

  - by Xerxes

  I'm tired of the old fart at work who keeps coming upto my desk and telling me all about his "years of experience in working with Unix and Lye-nix". I couldn't vent it out at him because that would be wrong, so I'm going to vent it out here - because obviously (that's the right thing to do...). Anyway, for all the people that practice in this disgusting behaviour - the pronunciation is.... (Hmmm - anyone know phonetics?) - "Li-nix" Note: Despite hating him for this - he is otherwise a very nice (but sometimes rather annoying) person. Now... to formally make this a "question" - Could someone write the phonetics for pronouncing "Linux", and also the notorious "Lye-nix", so I can make a note of it for future ventings? I think this is right... L?n?x, NOT L?n?x. ...or perhaps... L?n?x, NOT L?n?x* Can someone confirm the correct phonetics? (Listen to Linus on the matter).

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• Use procmail to deliver to stdout and a second server

  - by Halfgaar

  I would like a Postfix server to deliver each message to a certain transport as well as relay to a second server. In master.cf, I have the following transport: zarafa unix - n n - 10 pipe flags= user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/zarafa-dagent ${user} Because I can't get Postfix to deliver to two transports, what I probably need, is a wrapper transport, using procmail maybe, that delivers to zarafa-dagent and relays to a second server (not just forward to an address; relay to a second server). It can also be a script that calls sendmail or whatever, but at the moment, I don't know how to proceed.

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• timeout with apache & php w/ each virtual host has his own user process

  - by acemtp

  I have 10 unix users in /home/. Each user is for a specific subdomain for example user www in /home/www/public_html is for www.mywebsite. blog in /home/blog/public_html is for blog.mywebsite. 90% is php and 10% ror for the moment i use apache + fastcgi that use SuexecUserGroup to setup the process with the good user. it seems to works but i have a strange behavior where after a few hours/days, the server stop answering (timeout) but the cpu load is still very low (it's a big server), the apache status display lot of "W" Sending Reply states but there's still 50 idle workers so it should be able to answer. in the older server (lot of slower) we add only one user and using mod_php and we never had this issue. is there another way to do that without fastcgi and SuexecUserGroup or do you know what's going wrong?

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• sed comand - remove virus from wordpress [duplicate]

  - by EliaszKubala

  This question already has an answer here: How do I deal with a compromised server? 12 answers I have malicious code in every php file. This malicius code is auto paste at the beginning of file. I want to remove this with UNIX command from console. This is malicious code: <?php $guobywgpku = '..... u=$bhpegpvvmc-1; ?> I write this RegExp, "/<\?php \$guobywgpku.*\?>/m" and this RegExp work. I tested it here. The problem is, write command which remove this malicious code from every php file on the sever. Please Help me. Now i have something like this. sed "/<\?php \$guobywgpku.*\?>/m" index.php

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• REST-based file server

  - by Chris Wenham

  I need to be able to PUT files and GET them later using nothing but HTTP, so I went searching for something that might match the terms "REST file server" or "HTTP file server" or "REST drop-box", etc. Unfortunately, these terms bring up the wrong kind of results on Google. What I want is the equivalent of an SMB fileshare over HTTP. Some ideal features: Can PUT a file of any type at http://servername/service/any/path/I/want/document.pdf Anyone with access can GET that file at the URL I PUT it at Supports AV scanning on any new file that has been PUT Supports DELETE of existing resources (files) Our shop runs Windows, but I'd be interested to know about Unix software that can do this kind of thing, too. It's to be used in an IT department for private users only. It won't be on a public-facing IP address. Does anything like this exist?

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• View rotated log files Mac OS X Server (*.?.gz)

  - by Meltemi

  Trying to look at some of our older log files and find they're cryptic "Unix Executable Files". This particular server I'm working with is an older Mac OS X Server (10.4 - Tiger). -rw-r----- 1 root admin 36 1 Jun 15:48 wtmp -rw-r--r-- 1 root admin 578 27 May 17:40 wtmp.0.gz -rw-r----- 1 root admin 89 26 Apr 13:57 wtmp.1.gz -rw-r----- 1 root admin 78 29 Mar 16:43 wtmp.2.gz -rw-r----- 1 root admin 69 15 Feb 17:21 wtmp.3.gz -rw-r----- 1 root admin 137 16 Jan 13:09 wtmp.4.gz i'm using zless to try and view the contents of the .gz files. and what i see is unreadable: ... <DF>^R<AF>ttyp1^@^@^@joe54^@^@^@^@^@108.184.63.22^@^@^@^@K<DF>"<B8>ttyp1^@^@^@^@^@ ^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@K<DF>%<A1>console^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@ ^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@K<E0>1 ~^@^@^@^@^@^@^@shutdown^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@ ^@^@^@^@^@^@^@^@K<E0>1^L~^@^@^@^@^@^@^@reboot^@^@^@^@^@^@ ... same goes for system.log.0.gz, etc... anything that's been rolled in compressed .gz files. What am i missing?

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