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  • Why would you precede the main() function in C with a data type?

    - by Milktrader
    Many are familiar with the hello world program in C #include <stdio.h> main () { printf ("hello world"); return 0; } Why do some precede the main () function with int as in: int main() Also, I've seen the word 'void' entered inside the () as in: int main(void) It seems like extra typing for nothing, but maybe it's a best practice that pays dividends in other situations? Also, why precede main() with an int if you're returning a character string? If anything, one would expect: char main(void) I'm also foggy about why we return 0 at the end of the function.

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  • Concatenating Strings in Obj C

    - by eco_bach
    Hi It seems that Objective C jumps thru hoops to make seemingly simple tasks extremely difficult. I simply need to create a sequence of strings, image1.jpg, image2.jpg, etc etc ie in a loop var imgString:String='image'+i+'.jpg; I assume a best practice is to use a NSMutableString with appendString method? What am I doing wrong?? NSMutableString *imgString; for(int i=1;i<=NUMIMAGES;i++){ imgString.appendString(@"image"+i+@".jpg"); } I get the following error error: request for member 'appendString' in something not a structure or union

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  • The standard map/associative-array structure to use in flash actionscript 3?

    - by tstyle
    I'm relatively new to flash, and is confused about what I should use to store and retrieve key value pairs. After some googling I've found various map-like things to choose from: 1) Use a Object: var map:Object = new Object(); map["key"] = "value"; The problem is that it seems to lack some very basic features. For example to even get the size of map I'd have to write a util method. 2) Use a Dictionary What does this standard library class provide over the simple object? It seems silly for it to exist if it's functionally identical to Object. 3) Go download some custom HashMap/HashTable implementation from the web. I've used a lot of modern languages, and this is the first time I haven't been able to find a library implementation of an associative array within 5 minutes. So I'd like to get some best-practice advice from an experienced flash developer. Thanks!

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  • Forward a call to a webservice to another webservice?

    - by Luhmann
    If I have an https webservice behind a firewall on a machine (A) that I cannot access, but access to a machine on the same network (B), from where I can call the webservice on machine A. What is the best way of talking with the webservice on machine A, from the outside via machine B (that I access via VPN)? I can obviously create a service with a matching interface on machine B, and call the methods on the webservice on machine A, and return the result. But I fear for the overhead. Is there another way? Can i somehow forward the request?

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  • Is it a problem if i query again and again to SQL Server 2005 and 2000?

    - by learner
    Window app i am constructing is for very low end machines (Celeron with max 128 RAM). From the following two approaches which one is the best (I don't want that application becomes memory hog for low end machines):- Approach One:- Query the database Select GUID from Table1 where DateTime <= @givendate which is returning me more than 300 thousands records (but only one field i.e. GUID - 300 thousands GUIDs). Now running a loop to achieve next process of this software based on GUID. Second Approach:- Query the database Select Top 1 GUID from Table1 where DateTime <= @givendate with top 1 again and again until all 300 thousands records done. It will return me only one GUID at a time, and I can do my next step of operation. What do you suggest which approach will use the less Memory Resources?? (Speed / performance is not the issue here).

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  • Programming DataEntry&Forms: Population of Official Common Data Lists

    - by rlb.usa
    As a programmer of data-entry forms of all kinds, I often find myself making fields for things like Country and State. Consider: Perhaps a list the 50 United States names is an easy thing to find (does one include DC?) , but the countries are not. Nearly every site you find has a differing list with all of the political goings on over the years, and they become outdated quickly. What's the best practice regarding population of these kinds of lists? Is there an official list somewhere that one uses to populate these kinds of formal/official fields? Where do you get this data from, when it's not exactly specified in the specs?

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  • ASP.NET Template Selector/Builder - Dynamic CMS

    - by Ugene
    I am currently building my own CMS for various reasons that could take a long to explain... However i am looking for a dynamic solution to create templates for pages within the CMS and all areas must be editable via the administration area, maybe large text areas broken into multiple areas, text and image area on a page etc. Following on from the above i would like to create the following: Create a new page (selecting a pre-defined template like below) http://img525.imageshack.us/img525/9872/nestedpages.png and then upon editing the page it would have created as many text editors required for each editable region or a file upload control for an image area for example. i am thinking of using nested masterpages for the design elements, just unsure the best-practice way to achieve the above (db structure etc) I somehow hope this provides enough information but are happy to answer any questions you may have. Thanks

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  • Do preconditions ALWAYS have to be checked?

    - by Pin
    These days I'm used to checking every single precondition for every function since I got the habit from an OS programming course back at uni. On the other hand, at the software engineering course we were taught that a common precondition should only be checked once, so for example, if a function is delegating to another function, the first function should check them but checking them again in the second one is redundant. I do see the redundancy point, but I certainly feel it's safer to always check them, plus you don't have to keep track of where they were checked previously. What's the best practice here?

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  • How to keep statefull web clients in sync, when multiple clients are looking at the same data?

    - by Hilbrand
    In a RIA web client, created with GWT, the state is maintained in the web client, while the server is (almost) stateless (this is the preferred technique to keep the site scalable). However, if multiple users looking at the same data in their browser and one user changes something, which is send to the server and stored in the database, the other users still have the old data in their browser state. For example a tree is shown and one of the users adds/removes an item from the tree. Since there can be a lot of state in the client, what is the best technique to keep the state in the clients in sync? Are there any java frameworks that take care of this?

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  • How to change the value of progressbar in C#?

    - by shekhar
    Hi, I want to add an progress bar into my C# based application. I would like to know what is the good way of updating its value at particular events? My problem is, I have single function in UI which does all the processing.This function in turn calls many more functions, creates objects, updates database, etc. (basically performs all the work) and returns values in an output file. I have access to that function only. So in this how to update the progressbar's value at the end of each step? What is the best practice for this kind of situation? What is the good way to keep UI logic and business logic seperate? I want to avoid writting progressbar related code in my library code. Please suggest some solution. Thanks and Regards,

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  • What is a good balance for having developers learn at work

    - by Mel
    So now I am the manager. One of the things I always promised myself I would do is have the other developers focus on learning new stuff. In fact I even want to force them to read a couple books that really helped me learn to program. However now I am also accountable for the product getting finished. I have this vision of everyone reading books instead of working and me getting fired. What is the best way to work learning into the developers schedules, especially for the ones that just don't care to learn. How much time should be spent on learning in a work week?

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  • Is it always bad idea to use inline css for used-once property?

    - by user93422
    I have a table, with 10 columns. I want to control the width of each column. Each column is unique, right now I create an external CSS style for each column: div#my-page table#members th.name-col { width: 40px; } I know there is a best practice to avoid inline style. I do approve using external CSS for anything look'n'feel related: fonts, colors, images. But is it really better to use external CSS in this case? It does not incur extra maintenance cost. It is easier to produce. Cons I can think of: If you have separate designers and development team - using inline styles will force designers to modify content-file (aspx in my case). It might use more bandwidth. Anything else I've missed?

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  • Should I put a try-finally block after every Object.Create?

    - by max
    I have a general question about best practice in OO Delphi. Currently, I put try-finally blocks anywhere I create an object to free that object after usage (to avoid memory leaks). E.g.: aObject := TObject.Create; try aOBject.AProcedure(); ... finally aObject.Free; end; instead of: aObject := TObject.Create; aObject.AProcedure(); .. aObject.Free; Do you think it is good practice, or too much overhead? And what about the performance?

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  • How to organize database access code in Android project?

    - by Mladen Jablanovic
    I have created a ContentProvider for my main Sqlite table, pretty much following NotePad example from SDK (although I am not sure whether I will ever be exposing my data to other apps). However, I need to create lots of other, non-trivial queries on that and other tables and views. A good example would be queries to extract some statistics from the base data, averages, totals etc. So what's the best place for this code in an Android project? How it should be related and connected to the Uri-based data access exposed by a Provider? Any good examples out there?

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  • One database or many?

    - by dsims
    I am developing a website that will manage data for multiple entities. No data is shared between entities, but they may be owned by the same customer. A customer may want to manage all their entities from a single "dashboard". So should I have one database for everything, or keep the data seperated into individual databases? Is there a best-practice? What are the positives/negatives for having a: database for the entire site (entity has a "customerID", data has "entityID") database for each customer (data has "entityID") database for each entity (relation of database to customer is outside of database) Multiple databases seems like it would have better performance (fewer rows and joins) but may eventually become a maintenance nightmare.

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  • Guidance on using drop in DLLs

    - by Scott Chamberlain
    I have been giving the task to rewrite a internal utility in .net for my work. One of program requirements the new system has is have a dll that implements a set of interfaces and have the program call the DLL. Now this dll will be changed out a lot per deployment. My question is what is the best way to do it from a development standpoint? Do I add a template DLL (one that only has the interfaces but no implementation) to the project references like I would do any other dll that I would use. Or do I need to use somthing like this every time I want to use code from the dll? var DropIn = System.Reflection.Assembly.LoadFrom("DropInDll.dll"); var getActions = DropIn.GetType("Main").GetMethod("GetActions"); List<IAction> ActionList = (List<IAction>)getActions.Invoke(null, null);

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  • Where does one get data like Country:(list) State:(list)

    - by rlb.usa
    As a programmer of data-entry forms of all kinds, I often find myself making fields for things like Country: <choose from list>, State: <choose from list>, Race/Ethnicity: <choose from list>. Consider: Perhaps a list the 50 United States names is an easy thing to find (does one include DC?) , but the countries are not. Nearly every site you find has a differing list with all of the political goings on over the years, and they become outdated quickly. What's the best/common practice regarding population of these kinds of lists? Where does this data come from if it's not given in the specs?

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  • Parsing timestamps - do it in MySQL or in PHP?

    - by Andrew Heath
    Let's say you've got a table with a timestamp column, and you want to parse that column into two arrays - $date and $time. Do you, personally: a) query like this DATE(timestamp), TIME(timestamp) , or perhaps even going as far as HOUR(timestamp), MINUTE(timestamp b) grab the timestamp column and parse it out as needed with a loop in PHP I feel like (a) is easier... but I know that I don't know anything. And it feels a little naughty to make my query hit the same column 2 or 3 times for output... Is there a best-practice for this?

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  • Fastest way to convert a binary file to SQLite database

    - by chown
    I've some binary files and I'm looking for a way to convert each of those files to a SQLite database. I've already tried C# but the performance is too slow. I'm seeking an advice on how and what programming language should be the best to perform this kind of conversion. Though I prefer any Object Oriented Language more (like C#, Java etc), I'm open for any programming language that boosts up the conversion. I don't need a GUI frontend for the conversion, running the script/program from console is okay. Thanks in advance

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  • When should I use Perl's AUTOLOAD?

    - by Robert S. Barnes
    In "Perl Best Practices" the very first line in the section on AUTOLOAD is: Don't use AUTOLOAD However all the cases he describes are dealing with OO or Modules. I have a stand alone script in which some command line switches control which versions of particular functions get defined. Now I know I could just take the conditionals and the evals and stick them naked at the top of my file before everything else, but I find it convenient and cleaner to put them in AUTOLOAD at the end of the file. Is this bad practice / style? If you think so why, and is there a another way to do it? As per brian's request I'm basically using this to do conditional compilation based on command line switches. I don't mind some constructive criticism. sub AUTOLOAD { our $AUTOLOAD; (my $method = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*:://s; # remove package name if ($method eq 'tcpdump' && $tcpdump) { eval q( sub tcpdump { my $msg = shift; warn gf_time()." Thread ".threads->tid().": $msg\n"; } ); } elsif ($method eq 'loginfo' && $debug) { eval q( sub loginfo { my $msg = shift; $msg =~ s/$CRLF/\n/g; print gf_time()." Thread ".threads->tid().": $msg\n"; } ); } elsif ($method eq 'build_get') { if ($pipelining) { eval q( sub build_get { my $url = shift; my $base = shift; $url = "http://".$url unless $url =~ /^http/; return "GET $url HTTP/1.1${CRLF}Host: $base$CRLF$CRLF"; } ); } else { eval q( sub build_get { my $url = shift; my $base = shift; $url = "http://".$url unless $url =~ /^http/; return "GET $url HTTP/1.1${CRLF}Host: $base${CRLF}Connection: close$CRLF$CRLF"; } ); } } elsif ($method eq 'grow') { eval q{ require Convert::Scalar qw(grow); }; if ($@) { eval q( sub grow {} ); } goto &$method; } else { eval "sub $method {}"; return; } die $@ if $@; goto &$method; }

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  • hibernate column uniqueness question

    - by Seth
    I'm still in the process of learning hibernate/hql and I have a question that's half best practices question/half sanity check. Let's say I have a class A: @Entity public class A { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id; @Column(unique=true) private String name = ""; //getters, setters, etc. omitted for brevity } I want to enforce that every instance of A that gets saved has a unique name (hence the @Column annotation), but I also want to be able to handle the case where there's already an A instance saved that has that name. I see two ways of doing this: 1) I can catch the org.hibernate.exception.ConstraintViolationException that could be thrown during the session.saveOrUpdate() call and try to handle it. 2) I can query for existing instances of A that already have that name in the DAO before calling session.saveOrUpdate(). Right now I'm leaning towards approach 2, because in approach 1 I don't know how to programmatically figure out which constraint was violated (there are a couple of other unique members in A). Right now my DAO.save() code looks roughly like this: public void save(A a) throws DataAccessException, NonUniqueNameException { Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession(); try { session.beginTransaction(); Query query = null; //if id isn't null, make sure we don't count this object as a duplicate if(obj.getId() == null) { query = session.createQuery("select count(a) from A a where a.name = :name").setParameter("name", obj.getName()); } else { query = session.createQuery("select count(a) from A a where a.name = :name " + "and a.id != :id").setParameter("name", obj.getName()).setParameter("name", obj.getName()); } Long numNameDuplicates = (Long)query.uniqueResult(); if(numNameDuplicates > 0) throw new NonUniqueNameException(); session.saveOrUpdate(a); session.getTransaction().commit(); } catch(RuntimeException e) { session.getTransaction().rollback(); throw new DataAccessException(e); //my own class } } Am I going about this in the right way? Can hibernate tell me programmatically (i.e. not as an error string) which value is violating the uniqueness constraint? By separating the query from the commit, am I inviting thread-safety errors, or am I safe? How is this usually done? Thanks!

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  • Good style for handling constructor failure of critical object

    - by mtlphil
    I'm trying to decide between two ways of instantiating an object & handling any constructor exceptions for an object that is critical to my program, i.e. if construction fails the program can't continue. I have a class SimpleMIDIOut that wraps basic Win32 MIDI functions. It will open a MIDI device in the constructor and close it in the destructor. It will throw an exception inherited from std::exception in the constructor if the MIDI device cannot be opened. Which of the following ways of catching constructor exceptions for this object would be more in line with C++ best practices Method 1 - Stack allocated object, only in scope inside try block #include <iostream> #include "simplemidiout.h" int main() { try { SimpleMIDIOut myOut; //constructor will throw if MIDI device cannot be opened myOut.PlayNote(60,100); //..... //myOut goes out of scope outside this block //so basically the whole program has to be inside //this block. //On the plus side, it's on the stack so //destructor that handles object cleanup //is called automatically, more inline with RAII idiom? } catch(const std::exception& e) { std::cout << e.what() << std::endl; std::cin.ignore(); return 1; } std::cin.ignore(); return 0; } Method 2 - Pointer to object, heap allocated, nicer structured code? #include <iostream> #include "simplemidiout.h" int main() { SimpleMIDIOut *myOut; try { myOut = new SimpleMIDIOut(); } catch(const std::exception& e) { std::cout << e.what() << std::endl; delete myOut; return 1; } myOut->PlayNote(60,100); std::cin.ignore(); delete myOut; return 0; } I like the look of the code in Method 2 better, don't have to jam my whole program into a try block, but Method 1 creates the object on the stack so C++ manages the object's life time, which is more in tune with RAII philosophy isn't it? I'm still a novice at this so any feedback on the above is much appreciated. If there's an even better way to check for/handle constructor failure in a siatuation like this please let me know.

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  • What is a good generic sibling control Javascript communication strategy?

    - by James
    I'm building a webpage that is composed of several controls, and trying to come up with an effective somewhat generic client side sibling control communication model. One of the controls is the menu control. Whenever an item is clicked in here I wanted to expose a custom client side event that other controls can subscribe to, so that I can achieve a loosely coupled sibling control communication model. To that end I've created a simple Javascript event collection class (code below) that acts as like a hub for control event registration and event subscription. This code certainly gets the job done, but my question is is there a better more elegant way to do this in terms of best practices or tools, or is this just a fools errand? /// Event collection object - acts as the hub for control communication. function ClientEventCollection() { this.ClientEvents = {}; this.RegisterEvent = _RegisterEvent; this.AttachToEvent = _AttachToEvent; this.FireEvent = _FireEvent; function _RegisterEvent(eventKey) { if (!this.ClientEvents[eventKey]) this.ClientEvents[eventKey] = []; } function _AttachToEvent(eventKey, handlerFunc) { if (this.ClientEvents[eventKey]) this.ClientEvents[eventKey][this.ClientEvents[eventKey].length] = handlerFunc; } function _FireEvent(eventKey, triggerId, contextData ) { if (this.ClientEvents[eventKey]) { for (var i = 0; i < this.ClientEvents[eventKey].length; i++) { var fn = this.ClientEvents[eventKey][i]; if (fn) fn(triggerId, contextData); } } } } // load new collection instance. var myClientEvents = new bsdClientEventCollection(); // register events specific to the control that owns it, this will be emitted by each respective control. myClientEvents.RegisterEvent("menu-item-clicked"); Here is the part where this code above is consumed by source and subscriber controls. // menu control $(document).ready(function() { $(".menu > a").click( function(event) { //event.preventDefault(); myClientEvents.FireEvent("menu-item-clicked", $(this).attr("id"), null); }); }); <div style="float: left;" class="menu"> <a id="1" href="#">Menu Item1</a><br /> <a id="2" href="#">Menu Item2</a><br /> <a id="3" href="#">Menu Item3</a><br /> <a id="4" href="#">Menu Item4</a><br /> </div> // event subscriber control $(document).ready(function() { myClientEvents.AttachToEvent("menu-item-clicked", menuItemChanged); myClientEvents.AttachToEvent("menu-item-clicked", menuItemChanged2); myClientEvents.AttachToEvent("menu-item-clicked", menuItemChanged3); }); function menuItemChanged(id, contextData) { alert('menuItemChanged ' + id); } function menuItemChanged2(id, contextData) { alert('menuItemChanged2 ' + id); } function menuItemChanged3(id, contextData) { alert('menuItemChanged3 ' + id); }

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  • SQL Server Management Studio – tips for improving the TSQL coding process

    - by kristof
    I used to work in a place where a common practice was to use Pair Programming. I remember how many small things we could learn from each other when working together on the code. Picking up new shortcuts, code snippets etc. with time significantly improved our efficiency of writing code. Since I started working with SQL Server I have been left on my own. The best habits I would normally pick from working together with other people which I cannot do now. So here is the question: What are you tips on efficiently writing TSQL code using SQL Server Management Studio? Please keep the tips to 2 – 3 things/shortcuts that you think improve you speed of coding Please stay within the scope of TSQL and SQL Server Management Studio 2005/2008 If the feature is specific to the version of Management Studio please indicate: e.g. “Works with SQL Server 2008 only" Thanks EDIT: I am afraid that I could have been misunderstood by some of you. I am not looking for tips for writing efficient TSQL code but rather for advice on how to efficiently use Management Studio to speed up the coding process itself. The type of answers that I am looking for are: use of templates, keyboard-shortcuts, use of IntelliSense plugins etc. Basically those little things that make the coding experience a bit more efficient and pleasant. Thanks again

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  • File path for J2ME FileConnection?

    - by Kilnr
    Hi, I'm writing a MIDlet which needs to write file. I'm using FileConnection from JSR-75 to accomplish this. The intention is to have this MIDlet runnning on as much devices as possible (all MIDP 2.0 devices with JSR-75 support, ideally). On several emulators and an HTC Touch Pro2, I can perfectly use the following code to get the root of the filesystem: Enumeration drives = FileSystemRegistry.listRoots(); String root = (String) drives.nextElement(); String path = "file:///" + root; However, on a Nokia S60 5th edition emulator, trying to open a FileConnection to this path throws a java.lang.SecurityException. Apparently S60 devices do not allow connections to the root of the filesystem. I realise I can use something like System.getProperty("fileconn.dir.photos"), but that isn't supported on all devices either. So, my actual question: what is the best approach to get a path to create a FileConnection with, that allows for maximum portability? Thanks. Edit: I suppose I could iterate over all the roots in the Enumeration, and check for a writable one, but that's hardly optimal for two reasons. First, there aren't necessarily any writable roots. Second, this could be the phone memory or a memory card, so the storage method wouldn't be consistent across devices, which is rather ugly.

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