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  • Best tool for developing CSS positioning code

    - by alchemical
    What's the best way to develop CSS, in particular if it will play a role in formatting the page, etc. Is this best done by hand or with a particular editor? If by hand, how would you know the values needed to specify the positioning? If a tool is best, can VS2008/2010 do the job, or are there better alternatives. By the way, this is for an ASP.Net based web site.

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  • Large Django application layout

    - by Rob Golding
    I am in a team developing a web-based university portal, which will be based on Django. We are still in the exploratory stages, and I am trying to find the best way to lay the project/development environment out. My initial idea is to develop the system as a Django "app", which contains sub-applications to separate out the different parts of the system. The reason I intended to make these "sub" applications is that they would not have any use outside the parent application whatsoever, so there would be little point in distributing them separately. We envisage that the portal will be installed in multiple locations (at different universities, for example) so the main app can be dropped into a number of Django projects to install it. We therefore have a different repository for each location's project, which is really just a settings.py file defining the installed portal applications, and a urls.py routing the urls to it. I have started to write some initial code, though, and I've come up against a problem. Some of the code that handles user authentication and profiles seems to be without a home. It doesn't conceptually belong in the portal application as it doesn't relate to the portal's functionality. It also, however, can't go in the project repository - as I would then be duplicating the code over each location's repository. If I then discovered a bug in this code, for example, I would have to manually replicate the fix over all of the location's project files. My idea for a fix is to make all the project repos a fork of a "master" location project, so that I can pull any changes from that master. I think this is messy though, and it means that I have one more repository to look after. I'm looking for a better way to achieve this project. Can anyone recommend a solution or a similar example I can take a look at? The problem seems to be that I am developing a Django project rather than just a Django application.

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  • Metaprogramming - self explanatory code - tutorials, articles, books

    - by elena
    Hello everybody, I am looking into improving my programming skils (actually I try to do my best to suck less each year, as our Jeff Atwood put it), so I was thinking into reading stuff about metaprogramming and self explanatory code. I am looking for something like an idiot's guide to this (free books for download, online resources). Also I want more than your average wiki page and also something language agnostic or preferably with Java examples. Do you know of such resources that will allow to efficiently put all of it into practice (I know experience has a lot to say in all of this but i kind of want to build experience avoiding the flow bad decisions - experience - good decisions)? EDIT: Something of the likes of this example from the Pragmatic Programmer: ...implement a mini-language to control a simple drawing package... The language consists of single-letter commands. Some commands are followed by a single number. For example, the following input would draw a rectangle: P 2 # select pen 2 D # pen down W 2 # draw west 2cm N 1 # then north 1 E 2 # then east 2 S 1 # then back south U # pen up Thank you!

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  • Cast then check or check then cast?

    - by jamesrom
    Which method is regarded as best practice? Cast first? public string Describe(ICola cola) { var coke = cola as CocaCola; if (coke != null) { string result; // some unique coca-cola only code here. return result; } var pepsi = cola as Pepsi; if (pepsi != null) { string result; // some unique pepsi only code here. return result; } } Or should I check first, cast later? public string Describe(ICola cola) { if (cola is CocaCola) { coke = (CocaCola) cola; string result; // some unique coca-cola only code here. return result; } if (cola is Pepsi) { pepsi = (Pepsi) cola; string result; // some unique pepsi only code here. return result; } } Can you see any other way to do this?

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  • When to use custom exceptions vs. existing exceptions vs. generic exceptions

    - by Ryan Elkins
    I'm trying to figure out what the correct form of exceptions to throw would be for a library I am writing. One example of what I need to handle is logging a user in to a station. They do this by scanning a badge. Possible things that could go wrong include: Their badge is deactivated They don't have permission to work at this station The badge scanned does not exist in the system They are already logged in to another station elsewhere The database is down Internal DB error (happens sometimes if the badge didn't get set up correctly) An application using this library will have to handle these exceptions one way or another. It's possible they may decide to just say "Error" or they may want to give the user more useful information. What's the best practice in this situation? Create a custom exception for each possibility? Use existing exceptions? Use Exception and pass in the reason (throw new Exception("Badge is deactivated.");)? I'm thinking it's some sort of mix of the first two, using existing exceptions where applicable, and creating new ones where needed (and grouping exceptions where it makes sense).

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  • Deploying software on compromised machines

    - by Martin
    I've been involved in a discussion about how to build internet voting software for a general election. We've reached a general consensus that there exist plenty of secure methods for two way authentication and communication. However, someone came along and pointed out that in a general election some of the machines being used are almost certainly going to be compromised. To quote: Let me be an evil electoral fraudster. I want to sample peoples votes as they vote and hope I get something scandalous. I hire a bot-net from some really shady dudes who control 1000 compromised machines in the UK just for election day. I capture the voting habits of 1000 voters on election day. I notice 5 of them have voted BNP. I look these users up and check out their machines, I look through their documents on their machine and find out their names and addresses. I find out one of them is the wife of a tory MP. I leak 'wife of tory mp is a fascist!' to some blogger I know. It hits the internet and goes viral, swings an election. That's a serious problem! So, what are the best techniques for running software where user interactions with the software must be kept secret, on a machine which is possibly compromised?

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  • Give WPF design mode default objects

    - by Janko R
    In my application I have <Rectangle.Margin> <MultiBinding Converter="{StaticResource XYPosToThicknessConverter}"> <Binding Path="XPos"/> <Binding Path="YPos"/> </MultiBinding> </Rectangle.Margin> The Data Context is set during runtime. The application works, but the design window in VS does not show a preview but System.InvalidCastException. That’s why I added a default object in the XYPosToThicknessConverter which is ugly. class XYPosToThicknessConverter : IMultiValueConverter { public object Convert(object[] values, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) { // stupid check to give the design window its default object. if (!(values[0] is IConvertible)) return new System.Windows.Thickness(3, 3, 0, 0); // useful code and exception throwing starts here // ... } } My Questions: What does VS/the process that builds the design window pass to XYPosToThicknessConverter and what is way to find it out by myself. How do I change my XAML code, so that the design window gets its default object and is this the best way to handle this problem? I’m using VS2010RC with Net4.0

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  • Using ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem in ASP.NET in a high traffic scenario

    - by Michael Hart
    I've always been under the impression that using the ThreadPool for (let's say non-critical) short-lived background tasks was considered best practice, even in ASP.NET, but then I came across this article that seems to suggest otherwise - the argument being that you should leave the ThreadPool to deal with ASP.NET related requests. So here's how I've been doing small asynchronous tasks so far: ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(s => PostLog(logEvent)) And the article is suggesting instead to create a thread explicitly, similar to: new Thread(() => PostLog(logEvent)){ IsBackground = true }.Start() The first method has the advantage of being managed and bounded, but there's the potential (if the article is correct) that the background tasks are then vying for threads with ASP.NET request-handlers. The second method frees up the ThreadPool, but at the cost of being unbounded and thus potentially using up too many resources. So my question is, is the advice in the article correct? If your site was getting so much traffic that your ThreadPool was getting full, then is it better to go out-of-band, or would a full ThreadPool imply that you're getting to the limit of your resources anyway, in which case you shouldn't be trying to start your own threads? Clarification: I'm just asking in the scope of small non-critical asynchronous tasks (eg, remote logging), not expensive work items that would require a separate process (in these cases I agree you'll need a more robust solution).

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  • Databinding in WinForms performing async data import

    - by burnside
    I have a scenario where I have a collection of objects bound to a datagrid in winforms. If a user drags and drops an item on to the grid, I need to add a placeholder row into the grid and kick off a lengthy async import process. I need to communicate the status of the async import process back to the UI, updating the row in the grid and have the UI remain responsive to allow the user to edit the other rows. What's the best practice for doing this? My current solution is: binding a thread safe implementation of BindingList to the grid, filled with the objects that are displayed as rows in the grid. When a user drags and drops an item on to the grid, I create a new object containing the sparse info obtained from the dropped item and add that to the BindingList, disabling the editing of that row. I then fire off a separate thread to do the import, passing it the newly bound object I have just created to fill with data. The import process, periodically sets the status of the object and fires an event which is subscribed to by the UI telling it to refresh the grid to see the new properties on the object. Should I be passing the same object that is bound to the grid to the import process thread to operate on, or should I be creating a copy and merging back the changes to the object on the UI thread using BeginInvoke? Any problems or advice with this implementation? Thanks

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  • Accommodating hierarchical data in SQL Server 2005 database design

    - by Remnant
    Context I am fairly new to database design (=know the basics) and am grappling with how best to design my database for a project I am currently working on. In short, my database will keep a log of which employees have attended certain health and safety courses throughout the year. There are multiple types of course e.g. moving objects, fire safety, hygiene etc. In terms of my database design I need to accommodate the following: Each location can have multiple divisions Each division can have multiple departments Each department can have multiple functions Each function can have multiple job roles Each job role can have different course requirements Also note that the structure at each location may not be the same e.g. the departments within divisions are not the same across locations and the functions within departments may also differ. Edit - updated to better articulate problem Let's assume I am just looking at Location, Division and Department and I have my database as follows: LocationTable DivisionTable DepartmentTable LocationID(PK) DivisionID(PK) DepartmentID(PK) LocationName DivisionName DepartmentName There is a many-to-many relationship between Locations and Divisions and also between Departments and Divisions. Suppose I set up a 'Junction Table' as follows: Location_Division LocationID(FK) DivisionID(FK) Using Location_Division I could easily pull back the Divisions for any Location. However, suppose I want to pull back all departments for a given Division in a given Location. If I set up another 'Junction Table' for Division and Department then I can't see how I would differentiate Division by Location? Division_Department DivisionID(FK) DepartmentID(FK) Location_Division Division_Department LocationID DivisionID DivisionID DepartmentID 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 Do I need to expand the number of columns in my 'Junction Table' e.g. Location_Division_Department LocationID(FK) DivisionID(FK) DepartmentID(FK) Location_Division_Department LocationID DivisionID DepartmentID 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 3

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  • SQL Server 2005 database design - many-to-many relationships with hierarchy

    - by Remnant
    Note I have completely re-written my original post to better explain the issue I am trying to understand. I have tried to generalise the problem as much as possible. Also, my thanks to the original people who responded. Hopefully this post makes things a little clearer. Context In short, I am struggling to understand the best way to design a small scale database to handle (what I perceive to be) multiple many-to-many relationships. Imagine the following scenario for a company organisational structure: Textile Division Marketing Division | | ---------------------- ---------------------- | | | | HR Dept Finance Dept HR Dept Finance Dept | | | | ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- | | | | | | | | Payroll Hiring Audit Tax Payroll Hiring Audit Accounts | | | | | | | | Emps Emps Emps Emps Emps Emps Emps Emps NB: Emps denotes a list of employess that work in that area When I first started with this issue I made four separate tables: Divisions - Textile, Marketing (PK = DivisionID) Departments - HR, Finance (PK = DeptID) Functions - Payroll, Hiring, Audit, Tax, Accounts (PK = FunctionID) Employees - List of all Employees (PK = EmployeeID) The problem as I see it is that there are multiple many-to-many relationships i.e. many departments have many divisions and many functions have many departments. Question Giving the database structure above, suppose I wanted to do the following: Get all employees who work in the Payroll function of the Marketing Division To do this I need to be able to differentiate between the two Payroll departments but I am not sure how this can be done? I understand that I could build a 'Link / Junction' table between Departments and Functions so that I can retrieve which Functions are in which Departments. However, I would still need to differentiate the Division they belong to. Research Effort As you can see I am an abecedarian when it comes to database deisgn. I have spent the last two days resaerching this issue, traversing nested set models, adjacency models, reading that this issue is known not to be NP complete etc. I am sure there is a simple solution?

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  • Reference for proper handling of PID file on Unix

    - by bignose
    Where can I find a well-respected reference that details the proper handling of PID files on Unix? On Unix operating systems, it is common practice to “lock” a program (often a daemon) by use of a special lock file: the PID file. This is a file in a predictable location, often ‘/var/run/foo.pid’. The program is supposed to check when it starts up whether the PID file exists and, if the file does exist, exit with an error. So it's a kind of advisory, collaborative locking mechanism. The file contains a single line of text, being the numeric process ID (hence the name “PID file”) of the process that currently holds the lock; this allows an easy way to automate sending a signal to the process that holds the lock. What I can't find is a good reference on expected or “best practice” behaviour for handling PID files. There are various nuances: how to actually lock the file (don't bother? use the kernel? what about platform incompatibilities?), handling stale locks (silently delete them? when to check?), when exactly to acquire and release the lock, and so forth. Where can I find a respected, most-authoritative reference (ideally on the level of W. Richard Stevens) for this small topic?

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  • The woes of (sometimes) storing "date only" in datetimes

    - by Heinzi
    We have two fields from and to (of type datetime), where the user can store the begin time and the end time of a business trip, e.g.: From: 2010-04-14 09:00 To: 2010-04-16 16:30 So, the duration of the trip is 2 days and 7.5 hours. Often, the exact times are not known in advance, so the user enters the dates without a time: From: 2010-04-14 To: 2010-04-16 Internally, this is stored as 2010-04-14 00:00 and 2010-04-16 00:00, since that's what most modern class libraries (e.g. .net) and databases (e.g. SQL Server) do when you store a "date only" in a datetime structure. Usually, this makes perfect sense. However, when entering 2010-04-16 as the to date, the user clearly did not mean 2010-04-16 00:00. Instead, the user meant 2010-04-16 24:00, i.e., calculating the duration of the trip should output 3 days, not 2 days. I can think of a few (more or less ugly) workarounds for this problem (add "23:59" in the UI layer of the to field if the user did not enter a time component; add a special "dates are full days" Boolean field; store "2010-04-17 00:00" in the DB but display "2010-04-16 24:00" to the user if the time component is "00:00"; ...), all having advantages and disadvantages. Since I assume that this is a fairly common problem, I was wondering: Is there a "standard" best-practice way of solving it? If there isn't, have you experienced a similar requirement, how did you solve it and what were the pros/cons of that solution?

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  • How do I evaluate my skillset against the current market to see what needs improvement and where my

    - by baijajusav
    First of all, this question may be out of bounds for this site. If so, remove it. I say this because this site seems to be a place for more concrete questions that are not so relative in nature. And before I begin, for those of you whom just prefer a question and not this sort of dialog, here is my question: How can I assess my current skills as a programmer and decide where and what areas to improve upon? That said, here's what I'm asking/talking about, in essence. The market is always in constant flux. As programmers we're always having to learn new things, update our skills, push ourselves into that next project. There's not a very good litmus test that I know of for us to get an idea of where we stand as programmers. I came across this blog post by Jeff Atwood talking about why can't programmers code. Instinctively (and as the post goes on to state) I rushed through the program in about 4 minutes (most of that time was b/c I was hand writing it out. Still, this doesn't really answer the question of where do my skills need to be to succeed in today's world. I real blogs, listen to podcasts, try to keep up on the latest things coming out. It has only been in the past couple of months that I made a decision to pick a focus area for my learning as I can't learn everything and trying to do so is to spread myself too thin. I chose ASP.NET MVC & C#. I plan to stick with Microsoft technologies, not out of some sense of loyalty or stubbornness, but rather because they seem to stream together and have a unifying connection between them. With Windows Phone 7 coming out, it seems that now is the obvious time to pick up WPF and Silverlight as well. Still, if you asked me to code something apart from intellisense and the internet, I probably couldn't get the syntax right. I don't have libraries memorized or know precisely where the classes I use exist within the .Net framework, namely because I haven't had to pull that knowledge out of the air. In a way, I suppose Visual Studio has insulated me, which isn't a good thing, but, at the same time, I've still been able to be productive. I'm working on my own side project to try and help my learning. In doing so, I'm trying to make use of best practices and 3rd party frameworks where I can. I'm using automapper and EF 1.0. I know everyone in the .net community seems to cry foul at the sound of EF 1.0, but I can't say why because I've never used it. There's no lazy loading and that has proven rather annoying; however, aside from that, I haven't had that much of an issue. Granted this is probably because I'm not writing tests as I go (which I'm not doing because I don't know how to test EF in tests and don't really have a clue how to write tests for ASP.NET MVC 1.0). I'm also using a custom membership provider; granted, it's a barebone implementation, but I'm using it still. My thinking in all of this is, while I am neglecting a great many important technologies that are in the mainstream, I'll have a working project in the end. I can come back and add those things after I finish. Doing it all now and at once seems like too much. I know how I work and I don't think I'd ever get it done that way. I've elected to make this a community wiki as I think this question might fight better there. If a moderator disagrees with that choice or the decision to post this here, the just delete the question. I'm not trying to make undue work for anyone. I'm just a programmer trying to assess my where his skills are now and where I should be improving.

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  • Setting up a multi-site CMS, collecting thoughts about the DB schema

    - by Ben Fransen
    Hello all, I'm collecting some thoughts about creating a multisite CMS. In my opinion there are two major approaches. All data is stored into 1 database, giving me the advantage of single point of updates; Seperated databases, so each client has its own database. Giving me the advantage to measure bandwith. Option 1 gives me the disadvantage of measuring bandwith while option is giving me the disadvantage of a single point of update structure. Are there any generic approaches for creating a sort of update system? So my clients can download a small package (maybe a zip with a conf file to tell the updatescript where to put all the files and how to extend the database??) Do you guys have some thougths about the best solution for a situation like this? I have my own webserver, full access to all resources and I'm developing in PHP with MySQL as DBMS. I hope to hear from you and I surely appreciate any effort you make to help me further! Greets from Holland, Ben Fransen

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  • Is simply upvoting the best answers to old questions the best way to get them off the unaswered list

    - by Cade Roux
    While the answers might not be the best or the question really doesn't have an answer, if none are upvoted or the person doesn't accept an answer, they sit and sit in the unanswered page. In cases which do have realistic answers, I've been voting up the best. Even if I combine the best answers into a better one, the questioners aren't upvoting, accepting or closing the questions anyway.

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  • Methods for Lazy Initialization with properties

    - by Stuart Pegg
    I'm currently altering a widely used class to move as much of the expensive initialization from the class constructor into Lazy Initialized properties. Below is an example (in c#): Before: public class ClassA { public readonly ClassB B; public void ClassA() { B = new ClassB(); } } After: public class ClassA { private ClassB _b; public ClassB B { get { if (_b == null) { _b = new ClassB(); } return _b; } } } There are a fair few more of these properties in the class I'm altering, and some are not used in certain contexts (hence the Laziness), but if they are used they're likely to be called repeatedly. Unfortunately, the properties are often also used inside the class. This means there is a potential for the private variable (_b) to be used directly by a method without it being initialized. Is there a way to make only the public property (B) available inside the class, or even an alternative method with the same initialized-when-needed? This is reposted from Programmers (not subjective enough apparently): http://programmers.stackexchange.com/questions/34270/best-methods-for-lazy-initialization-with-properties

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  • Mimic remote API or extend existing django model

    - by drozzy
    I am in a process of designing a client for a REST-ful web-service. What is the best way to go about representing the remote resource locally in my django application? For example if the API exposes resources such as: List of Cars Car Detail Car Search Dealership summary So far I have thought of two different approaches to take: Try to wrangle the django's models.Model to mimic the native feel of it. So I could try to get some class called Car to have methods like Car.objects.all() and such. This kind of breaks down on Car Search resources. Implement a Data Access Layer class, with custom methods like: Car.get_all() Car.get(id) CarSearch.search("blah") So I will be creating some custom looking classes. Has anyone encoutered a similar problem? Perhaps working with some external API's (i.e. twitter?) Any advice is welcome. PS: Please let me know if some part of question is confusing, as I had trouble putting it in precise terms.

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  • C# - Removing event handlers - FormClosing event or Dispose() method

    - by Andy
    Suppose I have a form opened via the .ShowDialog() method. At some point I attach some event handlers to some controls on the form. e.g. // Attach radio button event handlers. this.rbLevel1.Click += new EventHandler(this.RadioButton_CheckedChanged); this.rbLevel2.Click += new EventHandler(this.RadioButton_CheckedChanged); this.rbLevel3.Click += new EventHandler(this.RadioButton_CheckedChanged); When the form closes, I need to remove these handlers, right? At present, I am doing this when the FormClosing event is fired. e.g. private void Foo_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e) { // Detach radio button event handlers. this.rbLevel1.Click -= new EventHandler(this.RadioButton_CheckedChanged); this.rbLevel2.Click -= new EventHandler(this.RadioButton_CheckedChanged); this.rbLevel3.Click -= new EventHandler(this.RadioButton_CheckedChanged); } However, I have seen some examples where handlers are removed in the Dispose() method. Is there a 'best-practice' way of doing this? (Using C#, Winforms, .NET 2.0) Thanks.

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  • Newbie T-SQL dynamic stored procedure -- how can I improve it?

    - by Andy Jones
    I'm new to T-SQL; all my experience is in a completely different database environment (Openedge). I've learned enough to write the procedure below -- but also enough to know that I don't know enough! This routine will have to go into a live environment soon, and it works, but I'm quite certain there are a number of c**k-ups and gotchas in it that I know nothing about. The routine copies data from table A to table B, replacing the data in table B. The tables could be in any database. I plan to call this routine multiple times from another stored procedure. Permissions aren't a problem: the routine will be run by the dba as a timed job. Could I have your suggestions as to how to make it fit best-practice? To bullet-proof it? ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[copyTable2Table] @sdb varchar(30), @stable varchar(30), @tdb varchar(30), @ttable varchar(30), @raiseerror bit = 1, @debug bit = 0 as begin set nocount on declare @source varchar(65) declare @target varchar(65) declare @dropstmt varchar(100) declare @insstmt varchar(100) declare @ErrMsg nvarchar(4000) declare @ErrSeverity int set @source = '[' + @sdb + '].[dbo].[' + @stable + ']' set @target = '[' + @tdb + '].[dbo].[' + @ttable + ']' set @dropStmt = 'drop table ' + @target set @insStmt = 'select * into ' + @target + ' from ' + @source set @errMsg = '' set @errSeverity = 0 if @debug = 1 print('Drop:' + @dropStmt + ' Insert:' + @insStmt) -- drop the target table, copy the source table to the target begin try begin transaction exec(@dropStmt) exec(@insStmt) commit end try begin catch if @@trancount > 0 rollback select @errMsg = error_message(), @errSeverity = error_severity() end catch -- update the log table insert into HHG_system.dbo.copyaudit (copytime, copyuser, source, target, errmsg, errseverity) values( getdate(), user_name(user_id()), @source, @target, @errMsg, @errSeverity) if @debug = 1 print ( 'Message:' + @errMsg + ' Severity:' + convert(Char, @errSeverity) ) -- handle errors, return value if @errMsg <> '' begin if @raiseError = 1 raiserror(@errMsg, @errSeverity, 1) return 1 end return 0 END Thanks!

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