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• calculate intersection between two segments in a symmetric way

  - by Elazar Leibovich

  When using the usual formulas to calculate intersection between two 2D segments, ie here, if you round the result to an integer, you get non-symmetric results. That is, sometimes, due to rounding errors, I get that intersection(A,B)!=intersection(B,A). The best solution is to keep working with floats, and compare the results up to a certain precision. However, I must round the results to integers after calculating the intersection, I cannot keep working with floats. My best solution so far was to use some full order on the segments in the plane, and have intersection to always compare the smaller segment to the larger segment. Is there a better method? Am I missing something?

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• C++ - dynamic pointer of array

  - by Eagle

  Hi to all, first i would like to say i am Newbie in C++. As part of my master thesis i am writing a program in C++ which also get as parameters the variables m and d (both integers). Were d is the power of 2 (this means 2^d elements). Parameter m define the number of possible interactions between one element and the total group (2^d elements). The number of possible interactions is computed as following: \kappa = \sum_{i=0}^m\binom{d}{i} (at present i generate vector of vectors for 2^d x \kappa, but my Prof. would like me to create different statistics to different m's. My first though was to to generate a dynamic array of m arrays of different sizes... Then i though of defining a 3-dim array with the biggest needed 2d array, but also program speed is important (e.g d = 20). i would like to ask for your advice how to define such kind of dynamic array that will also be fast. Regards

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• Dynamic programming: Find largest diamond (rhombus)

  - by Darksody

  I have a small program to do in Java. I have a 2D array filled with 0 and 1, and I must find the largest rhombus (as in square rotated by 90 degrees) and their numbers. Example: 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Result: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 The problem is similar to this SO question. If you have any idea, post it here.

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• Can 3D OpenGL game written in Python look good and run fast?

  - by praavDa

  I am planning to write an simple 3d(isometric view) game in Java using jMonkeyEngine - nothing to fancy, I just want to learn something about OpenGL and writing efficient algorithms (random map generating ones). When I was planning what to do, I started wondering about switching to Python. I know that Python didn't come into existence to be a tool to write 3d games, but is it possible to write good looking games with this language? I have in mind 3d graphics, nice effects and free CPU time to power to rest of game engine? I had seen good looking java games - and too be honest, I was rather shocked when I saw level of detail achieved in Runescape HD. On the other hand, pygame.org has only 2d games, with some starting 3d projects. Are there any efficient 3d game engines for python? Is pyopengl the only alternative? Good looking games in python aren't popular or possible to achieve? I would be grateful for any information / feedback.

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• Android: Deciding between SurfaceView and OpenGL (GLSurfaceView)

  - by Rich

  Is there a way to decide up front based on the expected complexity of a game/app in the planning phase whether to use regular Canvas drawing in a SurfaceView or to go with OpenGL? I've been playing around with a Canvas and only need 2D movement, and on a fairly new phone I'm getting pretty decent performance with a bunch of primitive objects and a few bitmaps running around the screen on a solid background. Is it fair to say that if I'm going to be drawing background images and increasing the number of objects being moved and drawn on top of them that I should go straight to OpenGL?

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• Beagleboard: How do I send/receive data to/from the DSP?

  - by snakile

  I have a beagleboard with TMS320C64x+ DSP. I'm working on an image processing beagleboard application. Here's how it's going to work: The ARM reads an image from a file and put the image in a 2D array. The arm sends the matrix to the DSP. The DSP receives the matrix. The DSP performs the image processing algorithm on the received matrix (the algorithm code uses about 5MB of dynamically allocated memory). The DSP sends the processed image (matrix) to the ARM. The arm received the matrix. The arm saved the processed image to a file. I'v already written the code for steps 1,3,5. What is the easiest way to do steps 3+4 (sending the data)? Code examples are welcome.

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• multidimensional vector rotation and angle computation -- how?

  - by macias

  Input: two multidimensional (for example dim=8) vectors a and b. I need to find out the "directed" angle (0-2*Pi, not 0-Pi) between those vectors a and b. And if they are not parallel I need to rotate vector b in plane a,b by "directed" angle L. If they are parallel, plane does not matter, but angle of rotation is still the same L. For 2d and 3d this is quite easy, but for more dimensions I am lost, I didn't find anything on google, and I prefer using some already proved&tested equations (avoiding errors introduced by my calculations :-D). Thank you in advance for tips, links, etc. Edit: dimension of the space is the same as dimension of the vectors.

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• Java2D: Fill a convex rounded polygon (QuadCurves)

  - by Martijn Courteaux

  Hi, If I have a QuadCurve like this (+ = node): + + \ ./ +--?? And I fill it in Java 2D the result is something like this: (x = colored) +xxxxxxxxx+ \xxxxxx./ +--?? But I want to color the other side: + + x\ ./x xxx +--??xx xxxxxxxxxxx This succeeds by drawing a rectangle around the curve in the color I want to color the other side and then fill the curve with the background color. But this isn't good enough to fill a convex rounded (based on QuadCurves) polygon. In case of some coordinates for the rectangles (as explained in the trick I used) overlap other pieces of the polygon. Here are two images (the green area is my polygon): So, the question is simple: "How can I color a shape build of curves?" But to the answer will not be simple I think... Any advice would be VERY VERY appreciated. Thanks in advance. Maybe I'm going to make a bounty for this question if I don't get an answer

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• 'Array of arrays' in matlab?

  - by waitinforatrain

  Hey, having a wee bit of trouble. Trying to assign a variable length 1d array to different values of an array, e.g. a(1) = [1, 0.13,0.52,0.3]; a(2) = [1, 0, .268]; However, I get the error: ??? In an assignment A(I) = B, the number of elements in B and I must be the same. Error in ==> lab2 at 15 a(1) = [1, 0.13,0.52,0.3]; I presume this means that it's expecting a scalar value instead of an array. Does anybody know how to assign the array to this value? I'd rather not define it directly as a 2d array as it is for are doing solutions to different problems in a loop Edit: Got it! a(1,1:4) = [1, 0.13,0.52,0.3]; a(2,1:3) = [1, 0, .268];

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• How to determine which side of a 3D plane is showing?

  - by Josh Santangelo

  This is a 3d n00b question. I'm working on a WPF control which implements the basics of Silverlight's PerspectiveTransform feature, allowing a 2D plane to be rotated on any of the three axes. It works pretty well. However I'm a little stuck on the math required to determine whether or not the back of the plane is showing. My naive code for figuring that out now is: bool isBackShowing = Math.Abs(RotationX) > 90 && Math.Abs(RotationY) < 90; if (!isBackShowing) { isBackShowing = Math.Abs(RotationX) < 90 && Math.Abs(RotationY) > 90; } However, this fails when the rotation is between +-270 and +-360 on either axis. The underlying transform is using a Quaternion object to do the actual rotation, and that has nice Axis and Angle properties, so I'm guessing I could just use that if I knew how.

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• OpenGL: Textured Primitives + High Framerate

  - by James D

  Short version: What's the best practice going forward for efficiently rendering large numbers of independent texture-mapped, lighted 2D/3D primitives (circles, rects, etc.) in OpenGL? For example: a typical particle system using billboarded quads/triangles, point sprites, or whatever other technique, with blending. Because after reading this thread on the messiness of OpenGL versioning/deprecation I'm starting to have my doubts. My specific question is not the ABCs of displaying primitives in OpenGL, but rather how to do so efficiently in post-deprecation (or pre-deprecation) OpenGL, in a way that's going to be compatible with a wide range of commodity hardware and in a way that's not going to break or itself get deprecated, five years down the line. Thanks!

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• Tutorial for texture mapping a map onto an Open GL ES sphere?

  - by hotpaw2

  I'm not looking for a library or even open source code. I want to learn how to do this on my own. Where do I start to find an online tutorial, a book chapter, or other educational material for generating a polygonal model of a 3D sphere suitable for feeding to Open GL ES on an iPhone, and then mapping the polygons to some sort of 2D map data so I can texture map the sphere? Is there some sort of software tool (blenders? mayan?) with a tutorial on how to do generate this data? Where is the best place to start?

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• A galaxy with stars, milkyway and other stuffs (WPF)

  - by boj

  What is a "realistic" way to build a galaxy in 2D with wpf? I'm not interessed in the physical modelling but the graphical aspect. At least the stars (position, size, color, pulsing etc.) should be generated from code. Generating milkyways would be nice. Main questions are: Stars: lens flare? texturing? Milkyway: bump mapping? "Far" stars: textures? generated? Pulsing? other elements, any effects are welcome! Some examples (taken from the web, I want to build similar pictures (animations) with wpf): Thank you.

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• Using Sandy 3D AS3, fill the viewport (exact fit) with multiple 3D objects.

  - by Andrew Mullins

  I'm stitching together an image using multiple instances of the sandy.primitive.Box. Each box is 96x91 while the viewport is 960x273 which should make for an exact fit if I layout the boxes in a perfect grid of 10x3. However, I can't seem to get the exact camera fieldOfView. I've tried a couple formulas (one for adjusting the "focal length" and one for adjusting the fov, directly). Both of these formulas produce a fov angle that is too narrow. // focal length (stage.stageHeight/2) / Math.tan(cam.fov / 2 * Math.PI / 180) // field of view 2 * Math.atan2( (stage.stageHeight/2), -cam.z ) * (180 / Math.PI) Another question about the same project: I need to adjust the perspective of each cube so that the image appears to be in 2D space (flat)... Any ideas on the best method for calculating such a "correction"?

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• Suggest an Alternative for glTranslate() load on CPU.

  - by Nagaraj

  I have been working on a project of OpenGL. Here I just display a boat moving along with some option's for view change.. Its a 2D program. The thing is I have used many glTranslate functions for moving the boat in the code. It works properly in Windows(DEV-CPP) but when executed in Fedora it has a very very very slow movement for boat. When checked for the CPU LOAD it was huge. So any thing which i can try to move the boat faster? Please help :)

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• Operant conditioning algorithm?

  - by Ken

  What's the best way to implement real time operant conditioning (supervised reward/punishment-based learning) for an agent? Should I use a neural network (and what type)? Or something else? I want the agent to be able to be trained to follow commands like a dog. The commands would be in the form of gestures on a touchscreen. I want the agent to be able to be trained to follow a path (in continuous 2D space), make behavioral changes on command (modeled by FSM state transitions), and perform sequences of actions. The agent would be in a simulated physical environment.

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• Position elements without overlap

  - by eWolf

  I have a number of rectangular elements that I want to position in a 2D space. I calculate an ideal position for each element. Now my problem is that many elements overlap as very often the ideal positions are concentrated in one region. I want to avoid overlap as much as possible (doesn't have to be perfect, though). How can I do this? I've heard physics simulations are suitable for this - is that correct? And can anyone provide an example/tutorial? By the way: I'm using XNA, if you know any .NET library that does exactly this job - tell me!

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• Embed external images for use in HTML canvas?

  - by Philipp Lenssen

  I'm using JavaScript to load an image into my Canvas element in Firefox. This works fine for local images, but throws a security exception for external images. Is there any way to avoid this security exception, one that does not involve my server having to act as proxy to load the image locally (because that would stress my server)? PS: The current code is similar to this: var img = new Image(); var contextSource = canvasSource.getContext('2d'); contextSource.drawImage(img, 0, 0); // get image data to do stuff with pixels var imageDataSource = contextSource.getImageData(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);

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• Is there a way to animate on a Home Widget?

  - by David

  Hi All, I want to use an animation on a Home page Widget, i.e. an AppWidgetProvider. I was hoping to use the "Frame Animation" technique: http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/graphics/2d-graphics.html#frame-animation which I've used successfully in an activity. But I can't translate that code to an AppWidgetProvider. Basically, in an AppWidgetProvider, I create and work with a RemoteViews object, which AFAIK doesn't provide me with a method to get a reference to an ImageView in the layout for me to call start() on the animation. There is also not a handler or a callback for when the widget displays so I can make the start() call. Is there another way this can be done? I suppose that I can probably do the animation on my own with very fast onUpdate() calls on the widget, but that seems awfully expensive.

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• How would MVVM be for games?

  - by Benny Jobigan

  Particularly for 2d games, and particularly silverlight/wpf games. If you think about it, you can divide a game object into its view (the graphic on the screen) and a view-model/model (the state, ai, and other data for the object). In silverlight, it seems common to make each object a user control, putting the model and view into a single object. I suppose the advantage of this is simplicity. But, perhaps it's less clean or has some disadvantages in terms of the underlying "game engine". What are your thoughts on this matter? What are some advantages and disadvantages of using the MVVM pattern for game development? How about performance? All thoughts are welcome.

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• Javascript Canvas Element - Array Of Images

  - by Ben Shelock

  I'm just learning JS, trying to do things without jQuery, and I want to make something similar to this however I want to use an array of images instead of just the one. My image array is formed like this var image_array = new Array() image_array[0] = "image1.jpg" image_array[1] = "image2.jpg" And the canvas element is written like this. (Pretty much entirely taken from the Mozilla site) function draw() { var ctx = document.getElementById('canvas').getContext('2d'); var img = new Image(); img.src = 'sample.png'; img.onload = function(){ for (i=0;i<5;i++){ for (j=0;j<9;j++){ ctx.drawImage(img,j*126,i*126,126,126); } } } } It uses the image "sample.png" in that code but I want to change it to display an image from the array. Displaying a different one each time it loops. Apoligies if I've not explained this well.

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• signed angle between two 3d vectors with same origin within the same plane? recipe?

  - by Advanced Customer

  Was looking through the web for an answer but it seems like there is no clear recipe for it. What I need is a signed angle of rotation between two vectors Va and Vb lying within the same 3D plane and having the same origin knowing that: the plane contatining both vectors is an arbitrary and is not parallel to XY or any other of cardinal planes Vn - is a plane normal both vectors along with the normal have the same origin O = { 0, 0, 0 } Va - is a reference for measuring the left handed rotation at Vn The angle should be measured in such a way so if the plane would be XY plane the Va would stand for X axis unit vector of it. I guess I should perform a kind of coordinate space transformation by using the Va as the X-axis and the cross product of Vb and Vn as the Y-axis and then just using some 2d method like with atan2() or something. Any ideas? Formulas?

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• Is there a way to write System.Drawing.Graphics to PDF from C#?

  - by Brett Ryan

  I have a whole bunch of 2D graphics that is being used for both rendering controls on screen and used to print, it's pretty custom graphics that couldn't be done by any 3rd party reporting tools or off the shelf controls. The program can generate PDF files of the printed content but when I wrote it I cheated and just print the Graphics object to an in memory image and then embed that into the PDF page. Since the users are emailing the documents they're finding they are too large. I've started writing the PDF from scratch using iText, however is there a way to get System.Drawing.Graphics content directly into PDF? The way iText works and Graphics works is completely different.

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• Singletons and other design issues

  - by Ahmed Saleh

  I have worked using different languages like C++/Java and currently AS3. Most applications were computer vision, and small 2D computer games. Most companies that I have worked for, they use Singletons in a language like AS3, to retrieve elements or classes in an easy way. Their problem is basically they needs some variables or to call other functions from other classes. In a language like AS3, there is no private constructor, and they write a hacky code to prevent new instances. In Java and C++ I also faced the situation that I need to use other classe's members or to call their functions in different classes. The question is, is there a better or another design, to let other classes interact with each others without using singletons? I feel that composition is the answer, but I need more detailed solutions or design suggestions.

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• Testing for the existence of a field in a class

  - by Brett

  Hi, i have a quick question. I have a 2D array that stores an instance of a class. The elements of the array are assigned a particular class based on a text file that is read earlier in the program. Since i do not know without looking in the file what class is stored at a particular element i could refer to a field that doesn't exist at that index (referring to appearance when an instance of temp is stored in that index). i have come up with a method of testing this, but it is long winded and requires a second matrix. Is there a function to test for the existence of a field in a class? class temp(): name = "default" class temp1(): appearance = "@"

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