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  • How to Format a USB Drive in Ubuntu Using GParted

    - by Trevor Bekolay
    If a USB hard drive or flash drive is not properly formatted, then it will not show up in the Ubuntu Places menu, making it hard to interact with. We’ll show you how to format a USB drive using the tool GParted. Note: Formatting a USB drive will destroy any data currently stored on it. If you think that your USB drive is already properly formatted, but Ubuntu just isn’t picking it up, try unplugging it and plugging it back in to a different USB slot, or restarting your machine with the device plugged in on start-up. Open a terminal by clicking on Applications in the top-left of the screen, then Accessories > Terminal. GParted should be installed by default, but we’ll make sure it’s installed by entering the following command in the terminal: sudo apt-get install gparted To open GParted, enter the following command in the terminal: sudo gparted Find your USB drive in the drop-down box at the top right of the GParted window. The drive should be unallocated – if it has a valid partition on it, then you may be looking at the wrong drive. Note: Make sure you’re on the correct drive, as making changes on the wrong hard drive with GParted can delete all data on a hard drive! Assuming you’re on the right drive, right-click on the unallocated grey block and click New. In the window that pops up, change the File System to fat32 for USB Flash Drives, NTFS for USB Hard Drives that will be used in Windows, or ext3/ext4 for USB Hard Drives that will be used exclusively in Linux. Add a label if you’d like, and then click Add. Click the green checkmark and then the Apply button to apply the changes. GParted will now format your drive. If you’re formatting a large USB Hard Drive, this can take some time. Once the process is done, you can close GParted, and the drive will now show up in the Places menu. Clicking on the drive will mount it and open it in a File Browser window. It will also add a shortcut to the drive on the Desktop by default. Your USB drive is now ready to store your files! Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Using GParted to Resize Your Windows Vista PartitionInstall an RPM Package on Ubuntu LinuxCreate a Persistent Bootable Ubuntu USB Flash DriveShare Ubuntu Home Directories using SambaCreate a Samba User on Ubuntu TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Acronis Online Backup DVDFab 6 Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows Fun with 47 charts and graphs Tomorrow is Mother’s Day Check the Average Speed of YouTube Videos You’ve Watched OutlookStatView Scans and Displays General Usage Statistics How to Add Exceptions to the Windows Firewall Office 2010 reviewed in depth by Ed Bott

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  • input / output error, drives randomly refusing to read / write

    - by ILMV
    I have an issue with one of our servers running Ubuntu 10.04, it is running BackupPC and collects backups from various machines / servers around the building. On the 8th minute (12:08, 12:18, 12:28 etc) the backups are transferred to an external hard drive, we have three and rotate one drive for another everyday. The problem we are having is we are randomly experiencing input / output errors, when this happens you cannot read / write to the drive, it hasn't unmounted so I can cd to the mount point /media/backup1. The drives are not faulty as it's happening on all of them, so I'm at a loss as to what the problem could be, here is an example of the many errors we get: gzip: stdout: Input/output error /var/lib/backuppc/backuppc_offline: line 47: /media/backup1/Tue/offline.log: Input/output error ls: cannot access /media/backup1/Tue/incr_1083_host1.something.co.uk.tar.gz: Input/output error ls: cannot access /media/backup1/Tue/incr_1088_host1.something.co.uk.tar.gz: Input/output error ls: cannot access /media/backup1/Tue/incr_1089_host1.something.co.uk.tar.gz: Input/output error ls: cannot access /media/backup1/Tue/incr_1090_host1.something.co.uk.tar.gz: Input/output error /var/lib/backuppc/backuppc_offline: line 39: /media/backup1/Tue/offline.log: Input/output error /var/lib/backuppc/backuppc_offline: line 44: /media/backup1/Tue/offline.log: Input/output error /var/lib/backuppc/backuppc_offline: line 45: /media/backup1/Tue/incr_1090_host1.something.co.uk.tar.gz: Input/output error /var/lib/backuppc/backuppc_offline: line 47: /media/backup1/Tue/offline.log: Input/output error ls: cannot access /media/backup1/Tue/incr_591_tech2.something.co.uk.tar.gz: Input/output error /var/lib/backuppc/backuppc_offline: line 44: /media/backup1/Tue/offline.log: Input/output error /var/lib/backuppc/backuppc_offline: line 45: /media/backup1/Tue/incr_591_tech2.something.co.uk.tar.gz: Input/output error /var/lib/backuppc/backuppc_offline: line 47: /media/backup1/Tue/offline.log: Input/output error ls: cannot access /media/backup1/Tue/incr_592_tech3.something.co.uk.tar.gz: Input/output error ls: cannot access /media/backup1/Tue/incr_593_tech3.something.co.uk.tar.gz: Input/output error /var/lib/backuppc/backuppc_offline: line 44: /media/backup1/Tue/offline.log: Input/output error /var/lib/backuppc/backuppc_offline: line 45: /media/backup1/Tue/incr_593_tech3.something.co.uk.tar.gz: Input/output error /var/lib/backuppc/backuppc_offline: line 47: /media/backup1/Tue/offline.log: Input/output error EDIT » Resolved So it turns out Quamis was right, even though I didn't think it was possible it was actually a problem with the drive. You see we have three drives all formatted to ext2, on two of them we were getting I/O errors frequently, I cam back to Quamis' answer and discovered the fsck command, so ran it against the problems drives: fsck /dev/sdb1 This found and fixed a load of problems on the drive, most probably caused by power outages / unsafe removal of drives etc, as the drives are in the xt2 format they aren't journalled and thus aren't protected against such issues. Drives are now working beautifully, thanks all! :D

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  • Did I lost my RAID again?

    - by BarsMonster
    Hi! A little history: 2 years ago I was really excited to find out that mdadm is so powerful so it even can reshape arrays so you can start with a smaller array and the grow it as you need. I've bought 3x1Tb drives and made RAID-5. It was fine for a year. Then I bought 2x more, and tried to reshape to RAID-6 out of 5 drives, and due to some mess with superblock versions, lost all content. Had to rebuild it from scratch, but 2Tb of data were gone. Yesterday I bought 2 more drives, and this time I had everything: properly built array, UPS. I've disabled write intent map, added 2 new drives as a spare and run a command to grow array to 7-disk. It started working, but speed was ridiculously slow, ~100kb/sec. AFter processing first 37Mb at such an amasing speed, one of old HDDs fails. I properly shutdown PC and disconnected failed drive. After bootup it appeared it recreated intent map as it was still in mdadm config, so I removed it from config and rebooted again. Now all I see is that all mdadm processes deadlocks, and don't do anything. PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1937 root 20 0 12992 608 444 D 0 0.1 0:00.00 mdadm 2283 root 20 0 12992 852 704 D 0 0.1 0:00.01 mdadm 2287 root 20 0 0 0 0 D 0 0.0 0:00.01 md0_reshape 2288 root 18 -2 12992 820 676 D 0 0.1 0:00.01 mdadm And all I see in mdstat is: $ cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid6 sdb1[1] sdg1[4] sdf1[7] sde1[6] sdd1[0] sdc1[5] 2929683456 blocks super 1.2 level 6, 1024k chunk, algorithm 2 [7/6] [UU_UUUU] [>....................] reshape = 0.0% (37888/976561152) finish=567604147.2min speed=0K/sec I've already tried mdadm 2.6.7, 3.1.4 and 3.2 - nothing helps. Did I lost my data again? Any suggestions how can I make it work? OS is Ubuntu Server 10.04.2... PS. Needless to say that data is unaccessible - I cannot mount /dev/md0 as save the most valuable data. You can see my disappointment - the very specific thing I was excited about failed twice taking 5Tb of my data with it.

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  • Crash Report in Ubuntu... hardware problem?

    - by Andrew
    Got this on my machine. I was just browsing the web on Chrome and my computer froze. I recently just built this machine. I have a feeling it is a hardware problem... Possibly one of my parts arrived broken in some way.... Starting anac(h)ronistic cron Stopping anac(h)ronistic cron Stopping cold plug devices Stopping log initial device creation Starting enable remaining boot-time encrypted block devices Starting configure network device security Starting configure virtual network devices Starting save udev log and update rules Stopping configure virtual network devices Stopping save udev log and update rules Checking battery state... Stopping System V runlevel compatibility Stopping enable remaining boot-time encrypted block devices Stopping Mount filesystems on boot 91.573384] BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at (null) 91.573437] IP: [<ffffffff81313514>] strcmp+0x14/0x30 91.573470] PGD 1f7822067 PUD 1ed7a6067 PMD 0 91.573498] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP 91.573519] CPU 3 91.573531] Modules linked in: dm_crypt bnep snd_hda_codec_realtek rfcomm bluetooth parport_pc ppdev arc4 fglrx(P) rt2800usb rt2800lib crc_ccitt rt2x00usb rt2x00lib mac0021 cfg80211 psmouse snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec snd_hwdep snd_pcm snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi snd_seq_midi_event snd_seq snd_timer send_seq_device snd joydev mac_hid mei(C) soundcore serio_raw snd_page_alloc lp parport ses enclosure usbhid hid i915 drm_kms_helper drm i2c_algo_bit mxm_umi tg_video wmi usb_storage 91.573826] 91.573837] Pid: 2297, comm: update-notifier Tainted: P C O 3.2.0-29-generic #46-Ubuntu To Be Filled By O.E.M. To Be Filled By O.E.M./Z77 Extreme4 91.573912] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff81313514>] [<ffffffff81313514>] strcmp+0x14/0x30 91.573954] RSP: 0018:ffff8801f83f5bb8 EFLAGS: 00010246 91.573982] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000000 91.574019] RDX: 0000000000000069 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff88021adb26f8 91.574056] RBP: ffff8801f83f5bb8 R08: ffff88022f2d6e80 R09: 0000000000000000 91.574093] R10: ffff88021e7dbf00 R11: 0000000000000003 R12: ffff88021c10eb40 91.574130] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffff88021adb26f8 R15: ffff8801f83f5d40 91.574168] FS: 00007f958cf53940(0000) GS:ffff88022f2c0000(0000) kn1GS:0000000000000000 91.574210] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 91.574240] CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 000000021f6d7000 CR4: 00000000000406e0 91.574277] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 91.574314] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000000 91.574351] Process update-notifier (pid: 2297, threadinfo ffff801f83f4000, task ffff880208fe2e00) 91.574397] Stack: 91.574409] ffff8801f83f5be8 ffffffff811ed509 ffff88021adb26c0 ffff88021b8b7020 91.574453] ffff88021b461c60 fffffffffffffffe ffff8801f83f5c18 ffffffff811ed61f 91.574496] ffff88021adb26c0 ffff88021b8b7020 ffff8801f83f5dc8 0000000000000001 91.574539] Call Trace: 91.574558] [<ffffffff811ed509] sysfs_find_dirent+0x59/0x110 91.574591] [<ffffffff811ed61f] sysfs_lookup+0x5f/0x110 91.574621] [<ffffffff81182745] d_alloc_and_lookup+0x45/0x90 91.574654] [<ffffffff8118fe65] ? d_lookup+0x35/0x60 91.574683] [<ffffffff811848d2] do_lookup+0x202/0x310 91.574712] [<ffffffff8118660c] path_lookupat+0x11c/0x750 91.574744] [<ffffffff81318db7] ? __strncpy_from_user+0x27/0x60 91.574778] [<ffffffff81186c71] do_path_lookup+0x31/0xc0 91.574809] [<ffffffff81187779] user_path_at_empty+0x59/0xa0 91.574842] [<ffffffff81187822] ? do_filp_open+0x42/0xa0 91.574872] [<ffffffff811877d1] user_path_at+0x11/0x20 91.574902] [<ffffffff8117c80a] vfs_fstatat+0x3a/0x70 91.574933] [<ffffffff81161cff] ? kmem_cache_free+0x2f/0x110 91.574965] [<ffffffff8117c85e] vfs_lstat+-x31/0x70 91.574993] [<ffffffff8117c9fa] sys_newlstat+0x1a/0x40 91.575022] [<ffffffff81176ee1] ? do_sys_open+0x171/0x220 91.575053] [<ffffffff8117cb1a] ? sys_readlinkat+0x7a/0xb0 91.575086] [<ffffffff81661ec2] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b 91.575118] Code: 83 c1 01 40 84 ff 75 ef 5d c3 66 66 66 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 31 c0 48 89 e5 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f b6 14 07 <3a> 14 06 75 0f 48 83 c0 01 84 d2 75 ef 31 c0 5d c3 0f 1f 00 19 91.577243] RIP [<ffffffff81313514>] strcmp+0x14/0x30 91.579314] RSP <ffff8801f83f5bb8> 91.581385] CR2: 0000000000000000

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  • Using ext4 in VMware machine

    First of all, using a journaling filesystems like NTFS, ext4, XFS, or JFS (not to name all of them) is a very good idea and nowadays unthinkable not to do. Linux offers a good variety of different option as journaling filesystem for your system. Since years I am using SGI's XFS and I am pretty confident with stability, performance and liability of the system. In earlier years I had to struggle with incompatibilities between XFS and the boot loader. Using an ext2 formatted /boot solved this issue. But, wow, that is ages ago! Lately, I had to setup a fresh Lucid Lynx (Ubuntu 10.04 LTS) system for a change of our internal groupware / messaging system. Therefore, I fired up a new virtual machine with almost standard configuration in VMware Server and run through our network-based PXE boot and installation procedure. At a certain step in this process, Ubuntu asks you about the partitioning of your hard drive(s). Honestly, I have to say that only out of curiousity I sticked to the "default" suggestion and gave my faith and trust into the Ubuntu installation routine... Resulting to have an ext4 based root mount point ( / ). The rest of the installation went on without further concerns or worries. Note:I really can't remember why I chose to go away from my favourite... Well, it should turn out to be the wrong decision after all. Ok, let's continue the story about ext4 in a VMware based virtual machine. After some hours installing additional packages and configuring the new system using LDAP for general authentication and login, I had an "out-of-the-box" usable enterprise messaging system based on Zarafa 6.40 Community Edition inclusive proper SSL-based Webaccess interface and Z-Push extension for ActiveSync with my Nokia mobile. Straightforward and pretty nice for the time spent on the setup. Having priority on other tasks I let the system just running and didn't pay any further attention at all. Until I run into an upgrade of "Mail for Exchange" on Symbian OS. My mobile did not bother me at all with the upgrade and everything went smooth, but trying to re-establish the ActiveSync connection to the Zarafa messaging system resulted in a frustating situation. So, I shifted my focus back to the Linux system and I was amazed to figure out that the root had been remounted readonly due to hard drive failures or at least ext4 reported errors. Firing up Google only confirmed my concerns and it seems that using ext4 for VMware based virtual machines does not look like a stable and reliable candidate to me. You might consider reading those external resources: ext4 fs corruption under VMWare Server 2.01Bug #389555 - ext4 filesystem corruption Well, I learned my lesson and ext{2|3|4} based filesystems are not going to be used on any of my Linux systems or customer installations in the future. Addendum: I did not try this setup in other virtualization environments like VirtualBox, qemu, kvm, Xen, etc.

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  • How do I reinstate my admin user privileges to global read/write

    - by Matt
    I am running Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I only have the one user which I created when I installed Ubuntu. Everything has been fine - love it - until I updated a software package recently from the command line using sudo (not gksudo). I was having a little bother which did not make sense to me and in a fluff changed my user read/write privileges through the GUI (not even clear how I got there!). After restart I was stuck in a login loop - using the right login password but kept getting looped back to the login and could only login as Guest. I could still login with my user/password via ctrl + alt + f1 Eventually I was able to login again at start up. Not sure exactly what it was I changed that worked but it was one of/or a combination of installing latest security updates, changing login manager from LightDM to DGM and back again, removing the ICE/Xauthority and chown user. Current dilemma is my primary admin user privileges were read only. In the command line ls -ls /home/user returned this value: drwx------ 48 username username 20480 I have since changed this using sudo chmod 0755 /home/username (from my limited understanding 755 should return my user privileges to their original read/write glory). ls -ld /home/user currently shows my user privileges as: drwxr-xr-x 48 username username 20480 I still seem to have only read access permissions. I've been through lots of threads (and the help file) that talk about creating new users/groups permissions etc. but specific info on returning my existing global/admin/primary users privileges to what they were when I first created that user - baffling me. I feel this is something really simple I'm just not getting it. Please help! sudo mount /dev/sda1 on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /proc type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusect1 (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=07pe tmpfs55) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw, ,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880 none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/meng/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=meng) none on /tmp/guest-1R2Fi5 type tmpsf (rw,mode=700)

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  • "sr0" I/O read boot error in Xubuntu 12.10

    - by Entropicurity
    Just recently upgraded Xubuntu 12.10 after having installed 12.04 originally. Ever since that happened, any time I inserted a disk into my DVD/CD reader/writer I would end up getting a number of error messages from my DVD player/Audio player softer, typically with any of them either crashing or returning a GStreamer backend error. So doing some research I tried to mount it manually, and it typically returned the error messages you'll see below: (using the dmesg | grep "sr0" command) [17545.435584] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 0 [17545.492968] sr 3:0:0:0: >[sr0] [17545.492981] sr 3:0:0:0: >[sr0] [17545.492992] sr 3:0:0:0: >[sr0] [17545.493003] sr 3:0:0:0: >[sr0] CDB: [17545.493020] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 0 [17545.493058] EXT3-fs (sr0): error: unable to read superblock [17545.553224] sr 3:0:0:0: >[sr0] [17545.553237] sr 3:0:0:0: >[sr0] [17545.553247] sr 3:0:0:0: >[sr0] [17545.553258] sr 3:0:0:0: >[sr0] CDB: [17545.553275] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 0 [17545.553312] EXT4-fs (sr0): unable to read superblock [17545.611482] sr 3:0:0:0: >[sr0] [17545.611494] sr 3:0:0:0: >[sr0] [17545.611504] sr 3:0:0:0: >[sr0] [17545.611514] sr 3:0:0:0: >[sr0] CDB: [17545.611531] end_request: I/O error, dev sr0, sector 0 [17545.611568] FAT-fs (sr0): unable to read boot sector When I grepped this, the number of error messages just seemed to spill all over the screen, and typically all revolve around the I/O error. I then went into VLC and tried to run the stuff through there, but for some reason it won't read with the default devices. Instead I have to manually input sr0 into each of the /dev/ references and it will play just fine, until I exit out of the program, at which point I have to re-input everything. I have already installed all the media dependencies, both open source and restricted, through the software center. I just found this strange, as out of the box 12.04 there wasn't any problem what so ever. At this point, it could be that all my audio CD's are not in a format that is familiar with the OS (I've read in some places that EXTF4 has issues with this) but I don't see how that could be a problem when the above error messages even tested to see if it is EXT3 as well? I've tried my best to troubleshoot this up till now using existing topics, but it seems that this is a regular problem with a multitude of varying factors that incorporate into it, including but not limited to read/write problems with the format of the CD and right protection. Is there something integral that I am missing?

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  • How to fix 'grub error file not found' when installing 12.04?

    - by Tomasz Grabowski
    i'm trying to install Ubuntu. I don't know if it is important, but i'm trying to install it on external HDD. In the end i have external bootable HDD which only displays: error: file not found grub recovery> From the beginning: I've downloaded ubuntu-12.04-desktop-i386.iso I've used LiLi USB Creator (LinuxLive) to create bootable pendrive from that image I've bootet from it, it works I've clicked "Try ubuntu", it works too. I've used GParted to look over drivers (disks) My primary embedded disk is seen as /dev/sda My attached external disk as /dev/sdb My PenDrive as /dev/sdc I've created partitions on /dev/sdb Fist partition for system (over 200GiB) Second was there already (it's xsf, and i don't want to touch it :P) Third is extended partition, with 1 locital partiton (10GiB) for swap I've started installation i've choose "somethin else" in ... i belive secound screeb then is selected /dev/sdb as boot disk for first partiton of /dev/sdb i set i want ext3 file system, i've check "formattin" checkbox, and mount path set to "/" firs logical partiton set as swap partition After installation finished, i restarted my computer. When i boot from my primary disc it's work ok, my previous operating system - vista - works ok. When i set my BIOS to boot from my external disc, i only get that message: error: file not found grub recovery> I've try to reinstall it, but didn't help... In desperation, i've try to read a bit about that "grub recovery" command-line and experiment a bit... I'm not sure if this has had any point, or if it give you some information (notice, that i don't know what i'm doing :P ) when i've type command: insmod (hd1,1)/boot/grub/linux.mod i've get message: unknown filesystem the same with: insmod (hd1,msdos1)/boot/grub/linux.mod the same with: insmod ext3 but i get no message after command: insmod ext2 ... notice that i really don't know what this command exactly do, but than i thought that maybe if i reinstall ubuntu with ext2 filesystem, it will work. I've done that, but symptoms are the same. I've go back to that Live version of ubuntu, filesystem and basics directories seems to be present on /dev/sdb1 ... i'm completely unfamiliar with GRUB. I'm also don't know which wersion of GRUB it is, i hope there is only one version on ubuntu-12.04-desktop-i386.iso Any help? Thax

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  • Media server...serving files...............for a limited time only

    - by Craig
    I’m new to Ubuntu and am seeking help with a media server I have built. I have a couple of HTPCs in my house running XBMC. I wanted to build one for the family room working double duty as a HTPC, and media server to share movies, TV shows, music, etc. on my Windows network. So using some spare old parts I had lying around I decided to go CRAZY and build my first Linux box. I used Ubuntu because it seemed to be the most user friendly variant, especially for people that are new to Linux. I had to do a few things to get the media files shared properly on my network: Made sure my two media drives auto-mount every time I boot the computer by editing the “fstab” file – “sudo nano /etc/fstab” Installed Samba - “sudo apt-get install samba” Set a password for Samba - “sudo smbpasswd –a USERNAME” Edited the Samba configuration file to make sure the computer was in my networks workgroup – “sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf” In the file manager (not sure if that’s the right name for it), I right-clicked my media folders and set the sharing and permissions. The sharing was done without guest access, and permissions were set to; Owner, Group, and Others - Access: Create and Delete Files. Adjusted the Power Management settings to never put the system into sleep mode. I checked to see if I had access to the files from a Windows 7 machine and I did (Woo Hoo!). But when I tried to play any of my video files from the Windows machine (using VLC media player), they would only play for about 2-5 minutes and then they would stop with an error message saying that the file could not be accessed (Booo...). I tried playing some files through XBMC running in Windows and they worked for a bit longer (about 10-15mins), but they also stopped playing. I installed the Linux version of XBMC on the server and played the files locally with no problems. It doesn’t seem to be an issue with the files themselves, it seems to be a sharing problem on my network. So my question to the Ubuntu gurus out there is: Did I miss adding/editing something in the Samba configuration file? Did I use the right method to share my media files (file manager vs. using the terminal)? Is it possible for the computer to still go to sleep without the screen going black (does that even make sense?). Are there any special settings in Ubuntu that I should be using since this computer as a media server (is there a media server mode?...!...?). Any help on this matter would be greatly appreciated. Thanks

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  • changing drive nodes & hdparm

    - by Kalamalka Kid
    I am currently attempting to create a command that works at startup to kill the power on two of my very noisy hard drives. I have edited the etc/rc.local file to include this command: sudo hdparm -y /dev/sdc sudo hdparm -y /dev/sdd exit 0 While I think this should work, it seems the allocated drives keep switching around every time I reboot. I have sda, sdb, sdc, sdd, and sde but they keep getting jumbled around (making the drive I wish to shut different than sdd which is making the task of shutting down the right drive on start-up quite cumbersome. I had a perfectly functioning ftstab file working which disappeard, but I restored it from the back up into the etc/ dir: # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> #Entry for /dev/sda1 : UUID=43c09daf-08a5-44f2-89b0-fc7c6f0d1e67 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 #Entry for /dev/sdd1 : UUID=443AFBAD7FE50945 /media/DX100 ntfs-3g defaults,nosuid,nodev,locale=en_CA.UTF-8 0 0 #Entry for /dev/sdb1 : UUID=FCE456F5E456B21E /media/GalaxyM83 ntfs-3g defaults,nosuid,nodev,locale=en_CA.UTF-8 0 0 #Entry for /dev/sdf1 : UUID=1CA057FDA057DBB8 /media/Holideck ntfs-3g defaults,nosuid,nodev,locale=en_CA.UTF-8 0 0 #Entry for /dev/sdc1 : UUID=7ABB49654B799D40 /media/JX3P ntfs defaults,nosuid,nodev,locale=en_CA.UTF-8 0 0 it seems every time I boot the order of the drives changes. I do not know how to resolve this. A quick workaround the problem was to go with UUID instead of the DEV letter by editing the etc/rc.local file to include: hdparm -y /dev/disk/by-uuid/443AFBAD7FE50945 hdparm -y /dev/disk/by-uuid/7ABB49654B799D40 So I thought I was in the clear, as I heard both hard drives die down during the boot sequence, BUT, as soon as I log in both drives start up again! so now I have to figure out what is making them start up again after log in, or perhaps another way to get them to turn off. Is there some kind of command i can get to execute after log in? I tried editing the startup applications to include an autossh with: autoshh - sudo hdparm -y /dev/disk/by-uuid/7ABB49654B799D40 autoshh - sudo hdparm -y /dev/disk/by-uuid/443AFBAD7FE50945 but this did not seem to work to turn off the disks after log in.

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  • Error installing RVM

    - by Dbugger
    I am following this guide, but this is the output I receive. What am the problem? dbugger@mercury:~$ \curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --rails Downloading https://github.com/wayneeseguin/rvm/archive/stable.tar.gz Upgrading the RVM installation in /home/dbugger/.rvm/ RVM PATH line found in /home/dbugger/.profile /home/dbugger/.bashrc /home/dbugger/.zshrc. RVM sourcing line found in /home/dbugger/.bash_profile /home/dbugger/.zlogin. Upgrade of RVM in /home/dbugger/.rvm/ is complete. # Enrique, # # Thank you for using RVM! # We sincerely hope that RVM helps to make your life easier and more enjoyable!!! # # ~Wayne, Michal & team. In case of problems: http://rvm.io/help and https://twitter.com/rvm_io Upgrade Notes: * No new notes to display. rvm 1.25.27 (stable) by Wayne E. Seguin <[email protected]>, Michal Papis <[email protected]> [https://rvm.io/] Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time. No binary rubies available for: ubuntu/14.04/x86_64/ruby-2.1.2. Continuing with compilation. Please read 'rvm help mount' to get more information on binary rubies. Checking requirements for ubuntu. Installing requirements for ubuntu. Updating system.......... Installing required packages: gawk, libreadline6-dev, libssl-dev, libyaml-dev, libsqlite3-dev, sqlite3.... Error running 'requirements_debian_libs_install gawk libreadline6-dev libssl-dev libyaml-dev libsqlite3-dev sqlite3', showing last 15 lines of /home/dbugger/.rvm/log/1401804140_ruby-2.1.2/package_install_gawk_libreadline6-dev_libssl-dev_libyaml-dev_libsqlite3-dev_sqlite3.log ++ /scripts/functions/utility : __rvm_try_sudo() 405 > sudo -p '%p password required for '\''apt-get --no-install-recommends --yes install gawk libreadline6-dev libssl-dev libyaml-dev libsqlite3-dev sqlite3'\'': ' apt-get --no-install-recommends --yes install gawk libreadline6-dev libssl-dev libyaml-dev libsqlite3-dev sqlite3 Reading package lists... Building dependency tree... Reading state information... Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: libssl-dev : Depends: libssl1.0.0 (= 1.0.1f-1ubuntu2) but 1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.1 is to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. ++ /scripts/functions/utility : __rvm_try_sudo() 405 > return 100 ++ /scripts/functions/requirements/ubuntu : requirements_debian_libs_install() 36 > return 100 Requirements installation failed with status: 100.

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  • Full disk encryption with seperate boot and encrypted keyfile storage: Two-Form Authentication

    - by Cain
    I am trying to setup true Full Disk encryption with two-form authentication on 12.04 and can not find out how to call a keyfile for the encrypted root out of another encrypted partition. All documentation or questions I am finding for whole or full disk encryption only encrypts separate partitions on the same disk. This is not what most are calling full disk encryption, /boot is not on a partition on the root drive, rather it is on a usb stick as sdx1. Instead root is on a logical partition on top of a LUKS container. Luks is run on the whole disk, encrypting the partition table as well. All drives in the machine are completely encrypted and to open it it requires a USB drive (what I have) as well as a passphrase (what I know) resulting in Two-Form Authentication to boot the machine. Device sdx cryptroot vg00 lvroot / There is no passphrase to open the encrypted root device, only a keyfile. That keyfile is kept on the usb drive with /boot, in its own encrypted partition (I'll call this cryptkey). In order for the root file system (cryptroot) to be opened, initramfs must ask for the passphrase to cryptkey on the usb drive, then use the keyfile inside that to open cryproot. I did manage to find what I think is the how-to I used to do this once before: http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/UbuntuHelp:FeistyLUKSTwoFormFactor I already have the system installed and can chroot into it, however, I can not get it to call for the keys on the USB during boot. I did find a how-to saying I needed to make a cryptroot conf for initramfs but, I believe that is for a passphrase: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EncryptedFilesystemLVMHowto#Notes_for_making_it_work_in_Ubuntu_12.04_.22Precise_Pangolin.22_amd64 I also tried to setup crypttab. However, crypttab only works for drives mounted after the root drive as calling for a keyfile on a device not yet mounted to the system doesnt work. The Feisty how-to included scripts that would be run during boot instructing initramfs to mount the usb drive temporarily and call the keyfile for root which worked quite well except those scripts are outdated now, many of the things they relied on have been merged into something else, changed, or simply don't exist anymore. If I have missed a clear how-to for this, that would be wonderful, I just don't think I have.

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  • I can't install Ubuntu 12.04.1 on iMac G5

    - by user89004
    So, I have this iMac G5 that doesn't have iSight, only a small light sensor I think undernieth, machine model 8.2. I tried burning a Ubuntu 12.04.1 PowerPC 64bit .iso to a cd but the computer just won't boot it, I don't know why. Next I tried with a USB but it wouldn't let me boot that either, I created the usb on my dad's win7 laptop as the process was way easier than on freakin Mac or Ubuntu (no command typing AT ALL on windows) I'm able to get into openfirmware and type boot usb and it does show some weird writing that scrolls so fast I can't see anything and then it just gives me this huge no sign like a stop sign and freezez. The sign is grey and the line in the middle is tilted towards the left. An other issue I'm having with hdiutil is that I can't convert the stupid .iso I just downloaded into a .img because the file keeps on dissapearing right when it's done converting it. I used the syntax from Ubuntu support how to create a bootable usb drive under Mac OS X. I even didn't include the 2 stupid ~ that are shown in the syntax that are completly worthless, God only know why they put them there, and I even tried running the whole thing as root with sudo su before the command. The funny thing is that if I convert something smaller it works. The command I was using is hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o /path/to/target.img /path/to/ubuntu.iso I even tried hdiutil convert /path/to/ubuntu.iso -format UDRW -o /path/to/target.img but the same thing happens, the dummy .img.dmg file dissapears when the conversion is done no matter where I set the output file to go. I have tried several different folders, the same thing happens with all of them. I also tried burning a Ubuntu mini iso on a cd, can't remember if it was 11.10 or 12.10 but even thoguh holding c when the iMac boots up does show me the cd and I can boot from it, I get this weird error upon hitting install, it says something like invalid memory access, release keys and error strings I can't read. I don't have any original DVDs from this iMac and can't run hardware diagnostics. WHatever option I try at the command prompt from the mini ubuntu cd I get the same result, error code and openfirmware backdrop that's frozen. I noticed that the pen drive I created on my dads Win7 laptop is formated with MS-DOS but I can still mount it no problem, so it shouldn't have a problem booting it, right? I used the advice on ubuntu.com to make it, from here. Also, my partition is HFS+ so I can't use it as a hard drive and boot from it. I don' have 2 partitions either, just one HDD, one partition. Please help!!!

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  • Ubuntu 12.04.3 Graphics Issues: Broken Pipes, Reinstalled Xorg and Bumblebee

    - by user190488
    It seems I have a problem, and am only making it worse by following what I find online. I have a new Asus N550JV-D71 (not sure about the part after the dash, though I definitely know it includes 71). I decided to downgrade Windows 8 to 7, then dual boot Ubuntu 12.04 with it (there were issues with Windows 8, and I had a Windows 7 disk handy). It did work and, after installing Bumblebee in tty (because it wouldn't boot when it was first installed), it worked marvelously for a little less than a week. However, I restarted it last night and got the Could not write bytes: Broken pipes error. (I see it's a very common error, but I've looked at the majority of the suggested Similar Questions already.) I followed what I could find online, followed those instructions (making sure to not install any sort of graphics drivers other than what Bumblebee provides), and it just seems to go further and further downhill. I'm afraid I didn't write the exact steps to get to this point (it was late by the time I gave up the night before), but it involved reinstalling lightdm, xorg (and xserver?), and Bumblebee. I then changed the Bumblebee.conf file so that Device=nvidia. I'm pretty new to Linux in general (I've used it since 10.04, but I hadn't had issues up until this computer, so it let me stay a newbie), so I'm not exactly sure what log files to look at to find the errors to look up. However, I did look at lshw and noticed that displays was marked as unassigned. Also, if I try to start lightdm using the command line, it always stops at Stopping Mount network filesystems. I should note that there isn't an xorg.conf file, and no .Xauthority. I would really, really prefer not to reinstall 12.04 if possible. I managed to get grub to display only a short time ago, and I can't boot to the dvd drive unless I go into the BIOS settings and manually change the boot order (that was an issue from the beginning, before the Ubuntu install), and getting into those settings often means rebooting several times due to the fact that the window to get to it is extremely small. I have most of what I need backed up, however, in case it does get to that point. If I really have to, I can just use the latest Ubuntu version instead of the LTS, but the reason I chose 12.04 in the first place is because I need something stable-ish, and Windows isn't suitable to what I need to do. I should note that the reason I restarted last night in the first place was that it wasn't charging the battery, and the wifi kept on going out. Hardware: Nvidia GeForce GT 750M Intel HD graphics 4600

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  • No GRUB Screen or recovery mode on Boot after 12.04 Upgrade

    - by Nick
    I tried the live boot CD and boot-repair, also loaded the Desktop install CD, and it looks like all partitions check out OK. However, when I try to boot Linux (the only bootable partition on the computer) I get a blank screen. Every so often the screen give me something akin to: Assuming write through cache Asking for cache data failed it appears to start booting, then hangs. Ctrl+Alt+Delete shuts down the machine The last message during boot is "STarting TiMidity++ ALSA midi emulation... [OK]" I used boot-repair to generate a boot info report. One thing looks odd to me- it reports a missing core.img on /dev/sda1. Here is the full info: Boot Info Script 0.61.full + Boot-Repair extra info [Boot-Info August 2nd 2012] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== = Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos1)/boot/grub on this drive. = Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb. sda1: __________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: Grub2 (v1.99) Boot sector info: Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the boot sector of sda1 and looks at sector 18406911 of the same hard drive for core.img, but core.img can not be found at this location. Operating System: Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf /boot/grub/core.img sda2: __________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sda5: __________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdb1: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows XP: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _______________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 * 63 307,339,514 307,339,452 83 Linux /dev/sda2 307,339,515 312,576,704 5,237,190 5 Extended /dev/sda5 307,339,578 312,576,704 5,237,127 82 Linux swap / Solaris Drive: sdb _______________________________________ Disk /dev/sdb: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sdb1 2,048 625,142,447 625,140,400 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS "blkid" output: ____________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/loop0 squashfs /dev/sda1 11b4d633-7863-40b2-a6ca-da5f82c3ad0b ext4 /dev/sda5 cb8d65f4-8cf9-4088-b804-e3dea2151033 swap /dev/sdb1 349E7C109E7BC8BE ntfs Personal1 ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/sdb1 /media/Personal1 fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096,default_permissions) /dev/sr0 /live/image iso9660 (ro,noatime) ...(a bunch of config file info- let me know if anyone wants to see it!) But usually I just get "Cannot Display This Video Mode", which I know means the video output is not usable by the monitor. I'm looking for a way to get into a recovery mode.I'd really like to avoid wiping the drive. Any thoughts?

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  • Reading a ZFS USB drive with Mac OS X Mountain Lion

    - by Karim Berrah
    The problem: I'm using a MacBook, mainly with Solaris 11, but something with Mac OS X (ML). The only missing thing is that Mac OS X can't read my external ZFS based USB drive, where I store all my data. So, I decided to look for a solution. Possible solution: I decided to use VirtualBox with a Solaris 11 VM as a passthrough to my data. Here are the required steps: Installing a Solaris 11 VM Install VirtualBox on your Mac OS X, add the extension pack (needed for USB) Plug your ZFS based USB drive on your Mac, ignore it when asked to initialize it. Create a VM for Solaris (bridged network), and before installing it, create a USB filter (in the settings of your Vbox VM, go to Ports, then USB, then add a new USB filter from the attached device "grey usb-connector logo with green plus sign")  Install a Solaris 11 VM, boot it, and install the Guest addition check with "ifconfg -a" the IP address of your Solaris VM Creating a path to your ZFS USB drive In MacOS X, use the "Disk Utility" to unmount the USB attached drive, and unplug the USB device. Switch back to VirtualBox, select the top of the window where your Solaris 11 is running plug your ZFS USB drive, select "ignore" if Mac OS invite you to initialize the disk In the VirtualBox VM menu, go to "Devices" then "USB Devices" and select from the dropping menu your "USB device" Connection your Solaris VM to the USB drive Inside Solaris, you might now check that your device is accessible by using the "format" cli command If not, repeat previous steps Now, with root privilege, force a zpool import -f myusbdevicepoolname because this pool was created on another system check that you see your new pool with "zpool status" share your pool with NFS: share -F NFS /myusbdevicepoolname Accessing the USB ZFS drive from Mac OS X This is the easiest step: access an NFS share from mac OS Create a "ZFSdrive" folder on your MacOS desktop from a terminal under mac OS: mount -t nfs IPadressofMySoalrisVM:/myusbdevicepoolname  /Users/yourusername/Desktop/ZFSdrive et voila ! you might access your data, on a ZFS USB drive, directly from your Mountain Lion Desktop. You might play with the share rights in order to alter any read/write rights as needed. You might activate compression, encryption inside the Solaris 11 VM ...

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  • Quickly Copy Movie Files to Individually Named Folders

    - by DigitalGeekery
    Some HTPC media manager applications require movie files to be in stored in separate folders to properly store information such as cover art images and other metadata. Here we look at copying movie files to individual folders. If you already have a large movie collection stored in a single folder, we’ll show you how to quickly move those files into their own individually named folders. File2Folder FIle2folder is a handy portable app that automatically creates and moves movie files into a folder of the same filename. There is no installation needed. Simply download and run the .exe file (link below). Enter the current movie directory, or browse for the folder. File2folder now supports both local and network shares. When you are ready to create the folders and move the files, click Move! You’ll see the move progress displayed in the window. When the process is finished, you’ll have all your movie file in individual folders.   Change your mind? Just click the Undo! button…   …and the move and folder creation process will be undone. If you would like to have the folder monitored for new files, click the Start button. File2folder will process any new files it discovers every 180 seconds. To turn it off, click Stop. This simple little program is a huge timesaver for those looking to organize movie collections for their HTPC. We should also note that this will work with any files, not just videos. Download file2folder Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Hack: Turn Off Debug Mode in VMWare Workstation 6 BetaAdd Images and Metadata to Windows 7 Media Center Movie LibraryAdd Folders to the Movie Library in Windows 7 Media CenterAutomatically Mount and View ISO files in Windows 7 Media CenterMove the Public Folder in Windows Vista TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips HippoRemote Pro 2.2 Xobni Plus for Outlook All My Movies 5.9 CloudBerry Online Backup 1.5 for Windows Home Server Identify Fonts using WhatFontis.com Windows 7’s WordPad is Actually Good Greate Image Viewing and Management with Zoner Photo Studio Free Windows Media Player Plus! – Cool WMP Enhancer Get Your Team’s World Cup Schedule In Google Calendar Backup Drivers With Driver Magician

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  • Oops, I left my kernel zone configuration behind!

    - by mgerdts
    Most people use boot environments to move in one direction.  A system starts with an initial installation and from time to time new boot environments are created - typically as a result of pkg update - and then the new BE is booted.  This post is of little interest to those people as no hackery is needed.  This post is about some mild hackery. During development, I commonly test different scenarios across multiple boot environments.  Many times, those tests aren't related to the act of configuring or installing zone and I so it's kinda handy to avoid the effort involved of zone configuration and installation.  A somewhat common order of operations is like the following: # beadm create -e golden -a test1 # reboot Once the system is running in the test1 BE, I install a kernel zone. # zonecfg -z a178 create -t SYSsolaris-kz # zoneadm -z a178 install Time passes, and I do all kinds of stuff to the test1 boot environment and want to test other scenarios in a clean boot environment.  So then I create a new one from my golden BE and reboot into it. # beadm create -e golden -a test2 # reboot Since the test2 BE was created from the golden BE, it doesn't have the configuration for the kernel zone that I configured and installed.  Getting that zone over to the test2 BE is pretty easy.  My test1 BE is really known as s11fixes-2. root@vzl-212:~# beadm mount s11fixes-2 /mnt root@vzl-212:~# zonecfg -R /mnt -z a178 export | zonecfg -z a178 -f - root@vzl-212:~# beadm unmount s11fixes-2 root@vzl-212:~# zoneadm -z a178 attach root@vzl-212:~# zoneadm -z a178 boot On the face of it, it would seem as though it would have been easier to just use zonecfg -z a178 create -t SYSolaris-kz within the test2 BE to get the new configuration over.  That would almost work, but it would have left behind the encryption key required for access to host data and any suspend image.  See solaris-kz(5) for more info on host data.  I very commonly have more complex configurations that contain many storage URIs and non-default resource controls.  Retyping them would be rather tedious.

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  • Oracle Linux Hands-on Lab from your Home? Yes You Can Do That!

    - by Zeynep Koch
    We're taking the very popular OTN Sysadmin Days and going virtual! We have two days to choose from: Americas - Tuesday January 15th, 2013 9:00 a.m – 1:00 p.m. PT / 12:00 p.m. – 4:00 p.m. ET / 1:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. BRT EMEA -  Tuesday January 29th, 2013 - 9:00 a.m – 13:00 p.m GMT / 10:00 a.m – 14:00 p,m CET / 12:00 p.m – 16:00 p.m AST / 13:00 p.m – 17:00 p,m MSK / 14:30 p.m – 18:30 p.m IST You'll be able to perform real-world tasks with Oracle Linux and if you have questions you can ask for help from the Oracle experts through chat window. There's one caveat: you'll have to do a little homework ahead of time. Load the virtual images onto your laptop, find the instructions, and make sure everything is working properly. This wiki https://wikis.oracle.com/display/virtualsysadminday/Home explains what you need to do. If you have questions, ask them as comments to the wiki:https://wikis.oracle.com/display/virtualsysadminday/Home.  Oracle Linux Track  1. Oracle Linux Technology Overview - In this session we will go over the latest Oracle Linux features including tools for Linux administration such as the Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN) and public yum. We will also show you a demo of Ksplice zero downtime kernel updates, only available to Oracle Linux customers. You will see how easy it is to switch from Red Hat support to Oracle Linux support by using ULN. Last but not least, we’ll introduce the 3 hands-on labs that will follow this session in the Linux track. 2. HOL: Package Management -  In this lab session you will use the package management on Oracle Linux using RPM and yum. Some of the tasks that you will experience include listing installed packages, obtaining additional information about packages, searching for packages and installing/updating them as well as verifying package integrity and removing software. We’ll also review Linux services and run levels, how to start and stop them, checking the status of a particular service and enabling a service to be started automatically at system boot. 3. HOL: Storage Management - In this hands-on lab session, you will learn about storage management with LVM2, the Linux Logical Volume Manager, preparing block devices, creating physical and logical volumes, creating file systems on top of logical volumes, and resizing file systems dynamically. You will also practice setting up software RAID devices, configuring encrypted block devices.Btrfs File System - In this hands-on lab session, we will introduce you to Btrfs file system. You will be able to create and mount a Btrfs file system and learn to setup a mirrored/striped file system across multiple block devices. You’ll also learn how to add and remove block devices, and create file system snapshots. Register for this FREE event.

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  • 11g ???:Active Data Guard

    - by JaneZhang(???)
    ?Oracle 11g??,????(physical Standby)???redo???,???????,???mount??11g??,???redo???,????????read-only??,????Active Data Guard ???Active Data Guard,?????????????????,??????????????   Active Data Guard???????????,??,????????????,????????,????redo??,????????????,??????????? Oracle Active Data Guard ?Oracle Database Enterprise Edition?????,??????????????   ????Active Data Guard, ??????? read-only ????,???? ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE????????????:??????COMPATIBLE ????????11.0.0?  ???????Active Data Guard,???V$DATABASE????"READ ONLY WITH APPLY':      SQL> SELECT open_mode FROM V$DATABASE;      OPEN_MODE      --------------------      READ ONLY WITH APPLY   ????????????,???????real-time apply:   SQL>ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE; ?????????read-only????????:    • Issue SELECT statements, including queries that require multiple sorts that leverage TEMP segments    • Use ALTER SESSION and ALTER SYSTEM statements    • Use SET ROLE    • Call stored procedures    • Use database links (dblinks) to write to remote databases    • Use stored procedures to call remote procedures via dblinks    • Use SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY for transaction level read consistency    • Issue complex queries (such as grouping SET queries and WITH CLAUSE queries) ??????????read-only????????:    • Any DMLs (excluding simple SELECT statements) or DDLs    • Query accessing local sequences    • DMLs to local temporary tables    ?????Active Data Guard ??: • ????????????????? • ???Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) ,?????? • RAC???RAC??    Oracle Data Guard ?????,,????????:    * ?????????????????:     http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28294/create_ps.htm   * ???Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) ,??????:     http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/maa-wp-10g-racprimarysingleinstance-131970.pdf   * RAC ???RAC ??:     http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/maa-wp-10g-racprimaryracphysicalsta-131940.pdf  ??Active Data Guard???????,?????:    http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/maa-wp-11gr1-activedataguard-1-128199.pdf     ??Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture Best Practices?????,???:   http://www.oracle.com/goto/maa

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  • Why won't ruby recognize Haml under ubuntu64 while using jekyll static blog generator?

    - by oldmanjoyce
    I have been trying, quite unsuccessfully, to run henrik's fork of the jekyll static blog generator on Ubuntu 64-bit. I just can't seem to figure this out and I've tried a bunch of different things. Originally I posted this over at stackoverflow, but this is probably the better spot for it. The base stats of my machine: Ubuntu 9.04, 64 bit, ruby 1.8.7 (2008-08-11 patchlevel 72) [x86_64-linux], rubygems 1.3.1. When I attempt to build the site, this is what happens: $ jekyll --pygments Configuration from ./_config.yml Using Sass for CSS generation You must have the haml gem installed first Using rdiscount for Markdown Building site: . - ./_site /home/chris/.gem/gems/henrik-jekyll-0.5.2/bin/../lib/jekyll/core_ext.rb:27:in `method_missing': undefined method 'header' for #, page=# ..... cut ..... (NoMethodError) from (haml):9:in `render' from /home/chris/.gem/gems/haml-2.2.3/lib/haml/engine.rb:167:in 'render' from /home/chris/.gem/gems/haml-2.2.3/lib/haml/engine.rb:167:in 'instance_eval' from /home/chris/.gem/gems/haml-2.2.3/lib/haml/engine.rb:167:in 'render' from /home/chris/.gem/gems/henrik-jekyll-0.5.2/bin/../lib/jekyll/convertible.rb:72:in 'render_haml_in_context' from /home/chris/.gem/gems/henrik-jekyll-0.5.2/bin/../lib/jekyll/convertible.rb:105:in 'do_layout' from /home/chris/.gem/gems/henrik-jekyll-0.5.2/bin/../lib/jekyll/post.rb:226:in 'render' from /home/chris/.gem/gems/henrik-jekyll-0.5.2/bin/../lib/jekyll/site.rb:172:in 'read_posts' from /home/chris/.gem/gems/henrik-jekyll-0.5.2/bin/../lib/jekyll/site.rb:171:in 'each' from /home/chris/.gem/gems/henrik-jekyll-0.5.2/bin/../lib/jekyll/site.rb:171:in 'read_posts' from /home/chris/.gem/gems/henrik-jekyll-0.5.2/bin/../lib/jekyll/site.rb:210:in 'transform_pages' from /home/chris/.gem/gems/henrik-jekyll-0.5.2/bin/../lib/jekyll/site.rb:126:in 'process' from /home/chris/.gem/gems/henrik-jekyll-0.5.2/bin/jekyll:135 from /home/chris/.gem/bin/jekyll:19:in `load' from /home/chris/.gem/bin/jekyll:19 I added spaces to the left of the ClosedStruct to enable better visibility - sorry that my inline html/formatting isn't perfect. I also cut out some middle text that is just data. $ gem list *** LOCAL GEMS *** actionmailer (2.3.4) actionpack (2.3.4) activerecord (2.3.4) activeresource (2.3.4) activesupport (2.3.4) classifier (1.3.1) directory_watcher (1.2.0) haml (2.2.3) haml-edge (2.3.27) henrik-jekyll (0.5.2) liquid (2.0.0) maruku (0.6.0) open4 (0.9.6) rack (1.0.0) rails (2.3.4) rake (0.8.7) rdiscount (1.3.5) RedCloth (4.2.2) stemmer (1.0.1) syntax (1.0.0) Some showing for path verification: $ echo $PATH /home/chris/.gem/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games $ which haml /home/chris/.gem/bin/haml $ which jekyll /home/chris/.gem/bin/jekyll

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  • Xen won't start after it had been working

    - by Paul Tomblin
    I've been setting up this Debian Stable system with a dom0 and 3 domUs. It was working fine for several days, and I'm almost ready to deploy it to the rack. But last night I shut it down with all three domUs still running for the first time, and today when I started it up, xend won't start. In /var/log/messages, I have: Apr 18 13:01:33 xen-test BLKTAPCTRL[4248]: blktapctrl: v1.0.0 Apr 18 13:01:33 xen-test BLKTAPCTRL[4248]: Found driver: [raw image (aio)] Apr 18 13:01:33 xen-test BLKTAPCTRL[4248]: Found driver: [raw image (sync)] Apr 18 13:01:33 xen-test BLKTAPCTRL[4248]: Found driver: [vmware image (vmdk)] Apr 18 13:01:33 xen-test BLKTAPCTRL[4248]: Found driver: [ramdisk image (ram)] Apr 18 13:01:33 xen-test BLKTAPCTRL[4248]: Found driver: [qcow disk (qcow)] Apr 18 13:01:33 xen-test BLKTAPCTRL[4248]: couldn't find device number for 'blktap0' Apr 18 13:01:33 xen-test BLKTAPCTRL[4248]: Unable to start blktapctrl and in /var/log/xen/xend.log, I have this: [2010-04-18 12:46:32 3523] INFO (SrvDaemon:219) Xend exited with status 1. [2010-04-18 13:01:34 4255] INFO (SrvDaemon:331) Xend Daemon started [2010-04-18 13:01:34 4255] INFO (SrvDaemon:335) Xend changeset: unavailable. [2010-04-18 13:01:34 4255] INFO (SrvDaemon:342) Xend version: Unknown. [2010-04-18 13:01:34 4255] ERROR (SrvDaemon:353) Exception starting xend (no element found: line 1, column 0) Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/lib/xen-3.2-1/lib/python/xen/xend/server/SrvDaemon.py", line 345, in run servers = SrvServer.create() File "/usr/lib/xen-3.2-1/lib/python/xen/xend/server/SrvServer.py", line 251, in create root.putChild('xend', SrvRoot()) File "/usr/lib/xen-3.2-1/lib/python/xen/xend/server/SrvRoot.py", line 40, in __init__ self.get(name) File "/usr/lib/xen-3.2-1/lib/python/xen/web/SrvDir.py", line 82, in get val = val.getobj() File "/usr/lib/xen-3.2-1/lib/python/xen/web/SrvDir.py", line 52, in getobj File "/usr/lib/xen-3.2-1/lib/python/xen/xend/server/SrvNode.py", line 30, in _ _init__ self.xn = XendNode.instance() File "/usr/lib/xen-3.2-1/lib/python/xen/xend/XendNode.py", line 709, in instance inst = XendNode() File "/usr/lib/xen-3.2-1/lib/python/xen/xend/XendNode.py", line 164, in __init__ saved_pifs = self.state_store.load_state('pif') File "/usr/lib/xen-3.2-1/lib/python/xen/xend/XendStateStore.py", line 104, in load_state dom = minidom.parse(xml_path) File "/usr/lib/python2.5/xml/dom/minidom.py", line 1915, in parse return expatbuilder.parse(file) File "/usr/lib/python2.5/xml/dom/expatbuilder.py", line 924, in parse result = builder.parseFile(fp) File "/usr/lib/python2.5/xml/dom/expatbuilder.py", line 211, in parseFile parser.Parse("", True) ExpatError: no element found: line 1, column 0 [2010-04-18 13:01:34 4253] INFO (SrvDaemon:219) Xend exited with status 1. Any clues as to what might be going wrong?

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  • IRP_MJ_WRITE latency up to 15 seconds

    - by racitup
    We have written an application that performs small (22kB) writes to multiple files at once (one thread performing asynchronous queued writes to multiple locations on behalf of other threads) on the same local volume (RAID1). 99.9% of the writes are low-latency but occasionally (maybe every minute or two) we get one or two huge latency writes (I have seen 10 seconds and above) without any real explanation. Platform: Win2003 Server with NTFS. Monitoring: Sysinternals Process Monitor (see link below) and our own application logging. We have tried multiple things to try and solve this that have been gleaned from a few websites, e.g.: Making the first part of file names unique to aid 8.3 name generation Writing files to multiple directories Changing Intel Disk Write Caching Windows File/Printer Sharing Minimize memory used Balance Maximize data throughput for file sharing Maximize data throughput for network applications System-Advanced-Performance-Advanced NtfsDisableLastAccessUpdate - use fsutil behavior set disablelastaccess 1 disable 8.3 name generation - use "fsutil behavior set disable8dot3 1" + restart Enable a large size file system cache Disable paging of the kernel code IO Page Lock Limit Turn Off (or On) the Indexing Service But nothing seems to make much difference. There's a whole host of things we haven't tried yet but we wondered if anyone had come across the same problem, a reason and a solution (programmatic or not)? We can reproduce the problem using IOMeter and a simple setup: Start IOMeter and remove all but the first worker thread in 'Topology' using the disconnect button. Select the Worker thread and put a cross in the box next to the disk you want to use in the Disk Targets tab and put '2000000' in Maximum Disk Size (NOTE: must have at least 1GB free space; sector size is 512 bytes) Next create a new access specification and add it to the worker thread: Transfer Request Size = 22kB 100% Sequential Percent of Access Spec = 100% Percent Read/Write = 100% Write Change Results Display Update Frequency to 5 seconds, Test Setup Run Time to 20 seconds and both 'Number of Workers to Spawn Automatically' settings to zero. Select the Worker Thread in the Topology panel and hit the Duplicate Worker button 59 times to create 60 threads with identical settings. Hit the 'Go' button (green flag) and monitor the Results tab. The 'Maximum I/O Response Time (ms)' always hits at least 3500 on our machine. Our machine isn't exactly slow (Xeon 8 core rack server with 4GB and onboard RAID). I'd be interested to see what other people get. We have a feeling it might be something to do with the NTFS filesystem (ours is currently 75% full of fragmented files) and we are going to try a few things around this principle. But it is also related to disk performance since we don't see it on a RAMDisk and it's not as severe on a RAID10 array. Any help is much appreciated. Richard Right-click and select 'Open Link in New Tab': ProcMon Result

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  • Lync 2010, Kamailio, & Trixbox 2.6.23 (Asterisk 1.4)

    - by slashp
    I'm having an issue trying to connect Lync 2010 phone calls with our trixbox PBX. I've gotten to the point where Kamailio seems to be functioning properly and acting as a bridge between TCP traffic (from Lync) & UDP traffic (to the trixbox, as Asterisk 1.4 does not support SIP over TCP). Our Lync box IP: 10.100.10.41 Our Kamailio box IP: 10.100.10.44 Our trixbox IP: 10.100.10.2 The issue I'm running into is as follows when enabling SIP debugging for the Kamailio box: <--- SIP read from 10.100.10.44:5060 ---> PRACK sip:TNECLTSLY01.contoso.com:5068;transport=Tcp;maddr=10.100.10.41 SIP/2.0 FROM: <sip:9121;[email protected];user=phone>;epid=CF2380792B;tag=4852bab430 TO: <sip:[email protected];user=phone>;epid=CF2380792B;tag=3684a6a24e CSEQ: 24 PRACK CALL-ID: 192daae6-00e1-4140-bddd-0394b35d475b MAX-FORWARDS: 70 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.100.10.44;branch=z9hG4bKcydzigwkX;i=d VIA: SIP/2.0/TCP 10.100.10.41:51677;branch=z9hG4bK159fc989 CONTACT: <sip:TNECLTSLY01.contoso.com:5068;transport=Tcp;maddr=10.100.10.41> CONTENT-LENGTH: 0 USER-AGENT: RTCC/4.0.0.0 MediationServer RAck: 1 23 INVITE <-------------> --- (12 headers 0 lines) --- Sending to 10.100.10.44 : 5060 (NAT) <--- Transmitting (NAT) to 10.100.10.44:5060 ---> SIP/2.0 481 Call leg/transaction does not exist Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.100.10.44;branch=z9hG4bKcydzigwkX;i=d;received=10.100.10.44 Via: SIP/2.0/TCP 10.100.10.41:51677;branch=z9hG4bK159fc989 From: <sip:9121;[email protected];user=phone>;epid=CF2380792B;tag=4852bab430 To: <sip:[email protected];user=phone>;epid=CF2380792B;tag=3684a6a24e Call-ID: 192daae6-00e1-4140-bddd-0394b35d475b CSeq: 24 PRACK User-Agent: Asterisk PBX Allow: INVITE, ACK, CANCEL, OPTIONS, BYE, REFER, SUBSCRIBE, NOTIFY Supported: replaces Content-Length: 0 <------------> trixbox1*CLI> <--- SIP read from 10.100.10.44:5060 ---> ACK sip:[email protected];user=phone SIP/2.0 FROM: "John Jones"<sip:9121;[email protected];user=phone>;tag=4852bab430;epid=CF2380792B TO: <sip:[email protected];user=phone>;tag=3684a6a24e;epid=CF2380792B CSEQ: 23 ACK CALL-ID: 192daae6-00e1-4140-bddd-0394b35d475b MAX-FORWARDS: 70 Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.100.10.44;branch=z9hG4bKcydzigwkX;i=d VIA: SIP/2.0/TCP 10.100.10.41:51677;branch=z9hG4bK79a21c CONTENT-LENGTH: 0 My SIP trunk on the trixbox looks like this: [from-lync] exten => _+4XXX!,1,Noop(Stripping + from start of number) exten => _+4XXX!,n,Goto(from-internal,${EXTEN:1}) Though I am still having no luck getting the + stripped or the call to go through. Any ideas would be greatly appreciated. Thank you! -slashp

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  • Splunk is fantastically expensive: What are the alternatives? [closed]

    - by samsmith
    Possible Duplicate: Alternatives to Splunk? This has been discussed, but it has been several months, so it may be time to revisit it: Earlier discussion RE Splunk alternatives For the record, Splunk rocks. But the pricing is simply beyond what we can consider (When I spoke with Splunk today, the cost for a system to index 5gb/day of data is over $30,000.) That is more than we spend on SQL Server (by a large multiple), more than we spend on a rack of servers (by a multiple), etc. etc. The splunk sales team is correct (that for $30K we get more value and functionality than if we spend the same building our own system), but it doesn't matter. The splunk cost is simply too high (by a multiple). Soooooo, we are looking around! Is anyone out there building a splunk like system? Our basic need: Able to listen for syslog messages on multiple udp ports Able to index the incoming data in an async way Some kind of search engine Some kind of UI An API to the search engine (to embed in our console) We currently need to index 3-5gb/day, but need to be able to scale to 10gb/day or more. We do not need a lot of history (30 days is fine). We use Windows 2008 and 2003 servers. Thanks for your thoughts! UPDATE: We spent two weeks researching commercial and open source options. Our conclusion: Write our own (we are a software company... we know how to write things). We built a great system built on mongodb and .NET that gives us the functions we needed from MongoDB in about one engineering week. We have now completed our implementation. We use two Mongodb servers (master and slave), and are able to log and index any amount of log data (5gb/day, 15gb/day, etc), limited only by disk space. OBSERVATIONS: This space needs a solid solution that is $1000-3000 flat rate. The licensing models used by the commercial firms are based on a "milk the data center ops guys" models. That is their right (of course!), but it leaves a HUGE space open for someone to come in underneath them. My guess is that in another year or two there will be a good open source solution that will be really usable. Thank you all for your input (even if it was self promotion).

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