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• SQL? "Show me all the Activities that can be performed by User X."

  - by Casey Fulton

  I'm at my wits end. I've searched like crazy, read plenty of database textbooks and God knows how many online guides, blogs and forums. Can someone put me out of my misery? PseudoSchema Diagram (Warning: although pretty, not in a format even remotely approaching ER diagrams! Primary keys are bold, foreign keys are italics.) Given the above set of tables relating Users to Groups to Privileges, and then a set of Activities that can each require a Privilege to perform, how do you find out this: Show me all the Activities that can be performed by User X. That is: User X is a member of groups G and F; groups G and F correlate to privileges P, Q, R and S; show me all the activities that require privileges either P, Q, R or S. How do you do this?

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• Java library to partially export a database while respecting referential integrity constraints

  - by Mwanji Ezana

  My production database is several GB's uncompressed and it's getting to be a pain to download and run locally when trying to reproduce a bug or test a feature with real data. I would like to be able to select the specific records that interest me, then have the library figure out what other records are necessary to produce a dataset that respects the databases integrity constraints and finally print it out as a list of insert statements or dump that I can restore. For example: given Author, Blog and Comment tables when I select comments posted after a certain date I should get inserts for the Blog records the comments have foreign keys to and the Author records those Blogs have foreign keys to.

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• Python json memory bloat

  - by Anoop

  import json import time from itertools import count def keygen(size): for i in count(1): s = str(i) yield '0' * (size - len(s)) + str(s) def jsontest(num): keys = keygen(20) kvjson = json.dumps(dict((keys.next(), '0' * 200) for i in range(num))) kvpairs = json.loads(kvjson) del kvpairs # Not required. Just to check if it makes any difference print 'load completed' jsontest(500000) while 1: time.sleep(1) Linux top indicates that the python process holds ~450Mb of RAM after completion of 'jsontest' function. If the call to 'json.loads' is omitted then this issue is not observed. A gc.collect after this function execution does releases the memory. Looks like the memory is not held in any caches or python's internal memory allocator as explicit call to gc.collect is releasing memory. Is this happening because the threshold for garbage collection (700, 10, 10) was never reached ? I did put some code after jsontest to simulate threshold. But it didn't help.

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• Using a password to generate two distinct hashes without reducing password security

  - by Nevins

  Hi there, I'm in the process of designing a web application that will require the storage of GPG keys in an encrypted format in a database. I'm planning on storing the user's password in a bCrypt hash in the database. What I would like to be able to do is to use that bCrypt to authenticate the user then use the combination of the stored bCrypt hash and another hash of the password to encrypt and decrypt the GPG keys. My question is whether I can do this without reducing the security of the password? I was thinking I may be able to use something like an HMAC-SHA256 of a static string using the password and a salt as the secret key. Is there a better way to do this that I haven't thought of? Thanks

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• Approach for altering Primary Key from GUID to BigInt in SQL Server related tables

  - by Tom

  I have two tables with 10-20 million rows that have GUID primary keys and at leat 12 tables related via foreign key. The base tables have 10-20 indexes each. We are moving from GUID to BigInt primary keys. I'm wondering if anyone has any suggestions on an approach. Right now this is the approach I'm pondering: Drop all indexes and fkeys on all the tables involved. Add 'NewPrimaryKey' column to each table Make the key identity on the two base tables Script the data change "update table x, set NewPrimaryKey = y where OldPrimaryKey = z Rename the original primarykey to 'oldprimarykey' Rename the 'NewPrimaryKey' column 'PrimaryKey' Script back all the indexes and fkeys Does this seem like a good approach? Does anyone know of a tool or script that would help with this? TD: Edited per additional information. See this blog post that addresses an approach when the GUID is the Primary: http://www.sqlmag.com/blogs/sql-server-questions-answered/sql-server-questions-answered/tabid/1977/entryid/12749/Default.aspx

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• is it possible if callback in array_filter receive parameter ?

  - by justjoe

  i got this multiple array name $files[], who consist keys and values as below : [0] = Array ( [name] = index1.php [path] = http://localhost/php/gettingstarted/ [number] = 1 ) [1] = Array ( [name] = index10.php [path] = http://localhost/php/gettingstarted/ [number] = 2 ) [2] = Array ( [name] = index11.php [path] = http://localhost/php/gettingstarted/ [number] = 3 ) and i use this code to create new array consist of 'name' keys only. but it failed array_filter($files, "is_inarr_key('name')"); function is_inarr_key($array, $key) { //TODO : remove every array except those who got the same $key } and i got this error array_filter() [function.array-filter]: The second argument, 'is_inarr_key('name')', should be a valid callback in C:\xampp\htdocs\php\gettingstarted\index.php on line 15 so the queastion : 1. is it possible to make call-back function on array_filter has ability to receive parameter ? What is general rule of thumb on how to use callback in anyPHP built-in function ?

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• A balanced binary search tree which is also a heap

  - by saeedn

  I'm looking for a data structure where each element in it has two keys. With one of them the structure is a BST and looking at the other one, data structure is a heap. With a little search, I found a structure called Treap. It uses the heap property with a random distribution on heap keys to make the BST balanced! What I want is a Balanced BST, which can be also a heap. The BST in Treap could be unbalanced if I insert elements with heap Key in the order of my choice. Is there such a data structure?

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• Confusing Perl code

  - by titaniumdecoy

  I don't understand the last line of this function from Programming Perl 3e. Here's how you might write a function that does a kind of set intersection by returning a list of keys occurring in all the hashes passed to it: @common = inter( \%foo, \%bar, \%joe ); sub inter { my %seen; for my $href (@_) { while (my $k = each %$href) { $seen{$k}++; } } return grep { $seen{$_} == @_ } keys %seen; } I understand that %seen is a hash which maps each key to the number of times it was encountered in any of the hashes provided to the function.

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• MSSQL: Primary Key Schema Largely Guid but Sometimes Integer Types...

  - by Code Sherpa

  OK, this may be a silly question but... I have inherited a project and am tasked with going over the primary key relationships. The project largely uses Guids. I say "largely" because there are examples where tables use integral types to reflect enumerations. For example, dbo.MessageFolder has MessageFolderId of type int to reflect public emum MessageFolderTypes { inbox = 1, sent = 2, trash = 3, etc... } This happens a lot. There are tables with primary keys of type int which is unavoidable because of their reliance on enumerations and tables with primary keys of type Guid which reflect the primary key choice on the part of the previous programmer. Should I care that the PK schema is spotty like this? It doesn't feel right but does it really matter? If this could create a problem, how do I get around it (I really can't move all PKs to type int without serious legwork and I have never heard of enumerations that have guid values)? Thanks.

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• python: calling constructor from dictionary?

  - by Jason S

  I'm not quite sure of the terminology here so please bear with me.... Let's say I have a constructor call like this: machineSpecificEnvironment = Environment( TI_C28_ROOT = 'C:/appl/ti/ccs/4.1.1/ccsv4/tools/compiler/c2000', JSDB = 'c:/bin/jsdb/jsdb.exe', PYTHON_PATH = 'c:/appl/python/2.6.4', ) except I would like to replace that by an operation on a dictionary provided to me: keys = {'TI_C28_ROOT': 'C:/appl/ti/ccs/4.1.1/ccsv4/tools/compiler/c2000', 'JSDB': 'c:/bin/jsdb/jsdb.exe', 'PYTHON_PATH': 'c:/appl/python/2.6.4'} machineSpecificEnvironment = Environment( ... what do I put here? it needs to be a function of "keys" ... ) How can I do this?

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• How to tell which thread(s) are producing all the garbage?

  - by Brad Hein

  I have an app with about 15 threads. Most do mundane tasks and sleep most of their lives. Others collect information and cache it in hashmaps. The hashmaps grow to a moderate size and level out. The number of keys and size of value remains constant, but the contents of the values changes (at 33 keys per second average). When I start my app, I notice the garbage collection interval goes from minutes to once per second, and the amount of garbage is 700k+ each time. In fact as I was writing this, it caused my phone to reboot with an error "Referencetable Overflow". Here's my question: Are there any tricks to identifying which threads are producing the garbage, or even finding out more about what garbage they are producing?

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• Composite Primary and Cardinality

  - by srini.venigalla

  I have some questions on Composite Primary Keys and the cardinality of the columns. I searched the web, but did not find any definitive answer, so I am trying again. The questions are: Context: Large (50M - 500M rows) OLAP Prep tables, not NOSQL, not Columnar. MySQL and DB2 1) Does the order of keys in a PK matter? 2) If the cardinality of the columns varies heavily, which should be used first. For example, if I have CLIENT/CAMPAIGN/PROGRAM where CLIENT is highly cardinal, CAMPAIGN is moderate, PROGRAM is almost like a bitmap index, what order is the best? 3) What order is the best for Join, if there is a Where clause and when there is no Where Clause (for views) Thanks in advance.

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• Application settings methods? c++

  - by flyout

  I am thinking about adding configurable settings to an application, and I think the easiest ways are an external file or win registry (its a win only app). Which way would be better? I was wondering, an user with not enough permissions may not be able to create/write the config file. And in the case of the registry, would todays antivirus allow me to add/edit/remove keys? Or they only monitor certain keys? Also, if someone knows a class/lib to manage config settings (in pure win32) in vc++ please post it.

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• how do i convert RSAParameters from .net to .pem file so i can use it in php

  - by netuser24

  Hello i have a private and public keys for RSA generated in .net in this format string privateKey = "<RSAKeyValue>" + "<Modulus>...kCFhsjB4xMW49mrx5B/Ga...</Modulus>" + "<Exponent>...</Exponent>" + "<P>...7bRCrQVgVIfXdTIH3iY8x...</P>" + "<Q>...4SiQDhrAZADuFDTr7bRCrQVgVIfXdTIH3iY8x...</Q>" + "<DP>...ZADuFDTr7bRCrQVgVIfXdT...</DP>" + "<DQ>...4SiQDhrAZADuFDTr...</DQ>" + "<InverseQ>...sjB4xMW49mrx5B/Ga...</InverseQ>" + "<D>...SiQDhrAZADuFDTr7bRCrQVgVIf...</D>" + "</RSAKeyValue>"; how can i convert this so i can use it in php openssl functions to encrypt and decrypt data? i need both public and private keys converted. maybe with openssl bash command in linux where can i specify my own modulus, exponent and so on? any ideas? thanks

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• SQL Server: Primary Key Schema Largely Guid but Sometimes Integer Types...

  - by Code Sherpa

  OK, this may be a silly question but... I have inherited a project and am tasked with going over the primary key relationships. The project largely uses Guids. I say "largely" because there are examples where tables use integral types to reflect enumerations. For example, dbo.MessageFolder has MessageFolderId of type int to reflect public emum MessageFolderTypes { inbox = 1, sent = 2, trash = 3, etc... } This happens a lot. There are tables with primary keys of type int which is unavoidable because of their reliance on enumerations and tables with primary keys of type Guid which reflect the primary key choice on the part of the previous programmer. Should I care that the PK schema is spotty like this? It doesn't feel right but does it really matter? If this could create a problem, how do I get around it (I really can't move all PKs to type int without serious legwork and I have never heard of enumerations that have guid values)? Thanks.

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• How to print the Control identifiers of a window to a document in Pywinauto.

  - by Swetha

  Hi All, I am trying to automate installation of an application using Pywinauto.During the installation the last window shows some warning or error messages in few cases and later the system begins to restart.My objective is to capture the the Warning messages which is possible by app.top_window_()._ctrl_identifiers() np.Notepad.Edit.TypeKeys(a,with_spaces=True, with_tabs=True, with_newlines=True) This is returning a list which contains all the messages of the screen. Second line is where i am trying to print the list object in the notepad.But its throwing some exceptions Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in np.Notepad.Edit.TypeKeys(a,with_spaces=True, with_tabs=True, with_newlines=True) File "C:\Python26\pywinauto\controls\HwndWrapper.py", line 950, in TypeKeys turn_off_numlock) File "C:\Python26\pywinauto\SendKeysCtypes.py", line 629, in SendKeys keys = parse_keys(keys, with_spaces, with_tabs, with_newlines) File "C:\Python26\pywinauto\SendKeysCtypes.py", line 538, in parse_keys c = string[index] KeyError: 0 Could anyone let me know how to do this or if there is other way in which this can be handled with an example. Thanks a lot in advance. Swetha

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• Temporarily disable constraints (Sybase)

  - by Alex

  Is there the way to temporarily disable checking of foreign keys, check constraints and rules for some table in Sybase?

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• How to iterate over every property of an object in javascript?

  - by OverloadUT

  Is there a way to iterate over every property of an object using the Prototype JavaScript framework? Here's the situation: I am getting an AJAX response in JSON that looks something like this: {foo: 1, bar: 2, barobj: {75: true, 76: false, 85: true}} If I evaluate that json response in to a variable response, I want to be able to iterate over each property in the response.barobj object to see which indexes are true and which are false. Prototype has both Object.keys() and Object.values() but oddly seems to not have a simple Object.each() function! I could take the results of Object.keys() and Object.values() and cross-reference the other as I iterate through one, but that is such a hack that I am sure there is a proper way to do it!

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• How to effectively clip the amount of entries in a dictionary?

  - by reinier

  I had a List<myClass> myList for storing a list of items. When I had to clip this (discard any amount of items above some threshold) I used: myList.RemoveRange(threshold, myList.Count - threshold); where threshold is the max amount of things the list can contain Now I've upgraded the datatype to a Dictionary<key, myClass> myDictionary How can I basically do the same: Discard all entries above some threshold. (It doesn't matter which ones are discarded) I guess I could foreach through the keys collection and manually delete all keys/value pairs. But I was hoping there was a more elegant solution.

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• building a pairwise matrix in scipy/numpy in Python from dictionaries

  - by user248237

  I have a dictionary whose keys are strings and values are numpy arrays, e.g.: data = {'a': array([1,2,3]), 'b': array([4,5,6]), 'c': array([7,8,9])} I want to compute a statistic between all pairs of values in 'data' and build an n by x matrix that stores the result. Assume that I know the order of the keys, i.e. I have a list of "labels": labels = ['a', 'b', 'c'] What's the most efficient way to compute this matrix? I can compute the statistic for all pairs like this: result = [] for elt1, elt2 in itertools.product(labels, labels): result.append(compute_statistic(data[elt1], data[elt2])) But I want result to be a n by n matrix, corresponding to "labels" by "labels". How can I record the results as this matrix? thanks.

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• python dictionary with constant value-type

  - by s.kap

  hi there, I bumped into a case where I need a big (=huge) python dictionary, which turned to be quite memory-consuming. However, since all of the values are of a single type (long) - as well as the keys, I figured I can use python (or numpy, doesn't really matter) array for the values ; and wrap the needed interface (in: x ; out: d[x]) with an object which actually uses these arrays for the keys and values storage. I can use a index-conversion object (input -- index, of 1..n, where n is the different-values counter), and return array[index]. I can elaborate on some techniques of how to implement such an indexing-methods with reasonable memory requirement, it works and even pretty good. However, I wonder if there is such a data-structure-object already exists (in python, or wrapped to python from C/++), in any package (I checked collections, and some Google searches). Any comment will be welcome, thanks.

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• What Can A 'TreeDict' (Or Treemap) Be Used For In Practice?

  - by Seun Osewa

  I'm developing a 'TreeDict' class in Python. This is a basically a dict that allows you to retrieve its key-value pairs in sorted order, just like the Treemap collection class in Java. I've implemented some functionality based on the way unique indexes in relational databases can be used, e.g. functions to let you retrieve values corresponding to a range of keys, keys greater than, less than or equal to a particular value in sorted order, strings or tuples that have a specific prefix in sorted order, etc. Unfortunately, I can't think of any real life problem that will require a class like this. I suspect that the reason we don't have sorted dicts in Python is that in practice they aren't required often enough to be worth it, but I want to be proved wrong. Can you think of any specific applications of a 'TreeDict'? Any real life problem that would be best solved by this data structure? I just want to know for sure whether this is worth it.

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• Find size of dictionary object in VBA

  - by Gershwyn

  What is the simplest way in VBA to determine the size (i.e., number of keys) in a dictionary object?

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• using javascript replace() to match the last occurance of a string

  - by Dave

  I'm building an 'add new row' function for product variations, and I'm struggling with the regex required to match the form attribute keys. So, I'm basically cloning rows, then incrementing the keys, like this (coffeescript): newrow = oldrow.find('select, input, textarea').each -> this.name = this.name.replace(/\[(\d+)\]/, (str, p1) -> "[" + (parseInt(p1, 10) + 1) + "]" ) this.id = this.id.replace(/\_(\d+)\_/, (str, p1) -> "_" + (parseInt(p1, 10) + 1) + "_" ) .end() This correctly increments a field with a name of product[variations][1][name], turning it into product[variations][2][name] BUT Each variation can have multiple options (eg, color can be red, blue, green), so I need to be able turn this product[variations][1][options][2][name] into product[variations][1][options][3][name], leaving the variation key alone. What regex do I need to match only the last occurrence of a key (the options key)?

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• How to detect tab key pressing in C#?

  - by user342325

  I want to detect when tab key is pressed in a textBox and focus the next textbox in the panel. I have tried out keyPressed method and keyDown method. But when I run the program and debug those methods are not calling when the tab key is pressed. Here is my code. private void textBoxName_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e) { if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Tab) { textBoxUsername.Focus(); } } private void textBoxName_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e) { if (e.KeyChar==(char)Keys.Tab) { textBoxUsername.Focus(); } } Please correct me.Thank you.

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