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• "Arbitrary" context free grammars?

  - by danwroy

  Long time admirer first time inquirer :) I'm working on a program which derives a deterministic finite-state automata from a context-free grammar, and the paper I have been assigned which explains how to do this keeps referring to "arbitrary probabilistic context-free grammars" but never defines the meaning of "arbitrary" in relation to PCFGs. I assume they mean "any old PCFG" but then why not just say "any PCFG"? The term also turns up in several Wikipedia entries. At the top of the CFG page there is a reference to arbitrariness in relation to CFGs on ("clauses can be nested inside clauses arbitrarily deeply"), but doesn't make clear why someone would refer to a PCFG or subset of PCFGs as arbitrary. In case anyone is curious, the paper is Parsing and Hypergraphs by Klein and Manning (2001); I've also been reading two other papers by them related to this one (An Agenda-Based Chart Parser for Arbitrary Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars and Empirical Bounds, Theoretical Models, and the Penn Treebank) which use the term extensively but never explain it either. Thanks for your help!

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• Double associative array or indexed + associative array

  - by clover

  I'm undecided what's the best-practice approach for what I'm trying to do. I'm trying to enter data into an array where the data will look like this: apple color: red price: 2 orange color: orange price: 3 banana color: yellow price: 2 pineapple color: yellow price: 5 When I get input, let's say green apple (notice it's a combo of color + name of fruit), I'm going to check if the name of fruit part exists in the array and display its data (if it exists). What's the right way to compose those arrays? How would I do an indexed array containing an associative array? (or would this be better as 2 nested associative arrays, I'm guessing not)

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• too much recursion

  - by Dänu

  Hey guys, I got an error in javascript and it won't get away. :-) In the little recursive thingy following, I want to replace a value inside a (nested) object. var testobj = { 'user': { 'name': 'Mario', 'password': 'itseme' } }; updateObject('emesti', 'password', testobj) function updateObject(_value, _property, _object) { for(var property in _object) { if(property == _property) { _object[property] = _value; } else if(objectSize(_object) > 0) { updateObject(_value, _property, _object[property]); } } return _object }; function objectSize(_object) { var size = 0, key; for (key in _object) { if (_object.hasOwnProperty(key)) size++; } return size; }; After running this, firefox throws the exception "too much recursion" on the line else if(objectSize(_object) > 0) { .

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• ToolStripComboBox.SelectedItem change does not propagate to binding source

  - by Marius

  My binding is set up as this: _selectXAxisUnitViewModelBindingSource = new BindingSource(); _selectXAxisUnitViewModelBindingSource.DataSource = typeof(SelectXAxisUnitViewModel); _selectedUnitComboBoxBindingSource = new BindingSource(); _selectedUnitComboBoxBindingSource.DataSource = _selectXAxisUnitViewModelBindingSource; _selectedUnitComboBoxBindingSource.DataMember = "AvailableUnits"; _selectedUnitComboBox.ComboBox.DataSource = _selectedUnitComboBoxBindingSource; _selectedUnitComboBox.ComboBox.DisplayMember = String.Empty; _selectedUnitComboBox.ComboBox.ValueMember = String.Empty; _selectedUnitComboBox.ComboBox.DataBindings.Add("SelectedItem", _selectXAxisUnitViewModelBindingSource, "SelectedUnit", true, DataSourceUpdateMode.OnPropertyChanged); // this is a bug in the .Net framework: http://connect.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/feedback/details/473777/toolstripcombobox-nested-on-toolstripdropdownbutton-not-getting-bindingcontext _selectedUnitComboBox.ComboBox.BindingContext = this.BindingContext; The property "AvailableUnits" is a collection of strings and the "SelectedUnit" is a string-property. Now the dropdown list is populated as expected, but when I select and item in the list, the change is not propagated to the binding source. Any idea what I am doing wrong?

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• Client certificate based encryption

  - by Timo Willemsen

  I have a question about security of a file on a webserver. I have a file on my webserver which is used by my webapplication. It's a bitcoin wallet. Essentially it's a file with a private key in it used to decrypt messages. Now, my webapplication uses the file, because it's used to recieve transactions made trough the bitcoin network. I was looking into ways to secure it. Obviously if someone has root access to the server, he can do the same as my application. However, I need to find a way to encrypt it. I was thinking of something like this, but I have no clue if this is actually going to work: Client logs in with some sort of client certificate. Webapplication creates a wallet file. Webapplication encrypts file with client certificate. If the application wants to access the file, it has to use the client certificate. So basically, if someone gets root access to the site, they cannot access the wallet. Is this possible and does anyone know about an implementation of this? Are there any problems with this? And how safe would this be?

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• Sencha Touch 2: List does not display in Panel

  - by jrboddie

  I am working on an MVC app in Sencha Touch 2 and am having trouble getting a list to display in a nested panel. The structure of the app has a main view which is a tab panel. One of the items in the tab panel is a defined panel, xtype: 'homepanel'. An item in this panel is the list, xtype: 'newslist' that is linked to the appropriate store and model files. The list does not display unless I change its parent 'homepanel' to a type, Ext.navigation.View. What am I missing in the definition of 'homepanel' as a Panel that prevents the display of the list? Ext.define('ACSO.view.Home', { extend: 'Ext.Panel', //<--works if Ext.navigation.View xtype: 'homepanel', requires: [ 'Ext.TitleBar', 'ACSO.view.NewsList' ], config: { title: 'Home', iconCls: 'home', cls: 'home', scrollable: true, styleHtmlContent: true, items: [ { xtype: 'newslist' } ] } });

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• math syntax checker written in python

  - by neurino

  All I need is to check, using python, if a string is a valid math expression or not. For simplicity let's say I just need + - * / operators (+ - as unary too) with numbers and nested parenthesis. I add also simple variable names for completeness. So I can test this way: test("-3 * (2 + 1)") #valid test("-3 * ") #NOT valid test("v1 + v2") #valid test("v2 - 2v") #NOT valid ("2v" not a valid variable name) I tried pyparsing but just trying the example: "simple algebraic expression parser, that performs +,-,*,/ and ^ arithmetic operations" I get passed invalid code and also trying to fix it I always get wrong syntaxes being parsed without raising Exceptions just try: >>>test('9', 9) 9 qwerty = 9.0 ['9'] => ['9'] >>>test('9 qwerty', 9) 9 qwerty = 9.0 ['9'] => ['9'] both test pass... o_O Any advice?

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• Access a content control in C# when using Master Pages

  - by Guillaume Gervais

  Good day everyone, I am building a page in ASP.NET, and using Master Pages in the process. I have a Content Place Holder name "cphBody" in my Master Page, which will contain the body of each Page for which that Master Page is the Master Page. In the ASP.NET Web page, I have a Content tag (referencing "cphBody") which also contains some controls (buttons, Infragistics controls, etc.), and I want to access these controls in the CodeBehind file. However, I can't do that directly (this.myControl ...), since they are nested in the Content tag. I found a workaround with the FindControl method. ContentPlaceHolder contentPlaceHolder = (ContentPlaceHolder) Master.FindControl("cphBody"); ControlType myControl = (ControlType) contentPlaceHolder.FindControl("ControlName"); That works just fine. However, I am suspecting that it's not a very good design. Do you guys know a more elegant way to do so? Thank you! Guillaume Gervais.

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• CSS border and the :hover dynamic pseudo-class

  - by dbasch

  Hi All, I have built a persistent dropline menu with two levels using only CSS. It is pretty standard. It is a nested set of UL's and the UL's :hover state is what shows and hides the sub menu levels. Something like this: | *Pets* | Colors | Cars | | Cats | Dogs | Birds| Goats | Sheep | | Pets | *Colors* | Cars | | Red | Orange | Green | Blue| Yellow | I then added a 1px border at the bottom of the first level UL element. Like this: | *Pets* | Colors | Cars | -------------------------------------- | Cats | Dogs | Birds| Goats | Sheep | When I hover over a first level item (Pets), and then move the mouse down to the second level (Cats), the entire second level disappears. I finally figured out that the UL's 1px border is not included in the hover area for the UL. Can I add a border to the bottom of a dropline menu level without messing up the menu hovering? Thanks!

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• how do i see if a big JSON object contains a value?

  - by Haroldo

  I'm using PHP to json encode a massive multi-dimensional array of events, so i get something like this: var ents = {"7":{"event_id":"7","nn":"The Whisky Drifters","nn_url":"the-whisky-drifters","venue":"The Grain Barge","date_num":"2010-06-11","date_txt":"Friday 11th June","gig_club":"1","sd":"A New Acoustic String Band...","ven_id":"44","art":0},"15":{"event_id":"15","nn":"Bass Kitchen","nn_url":"bass-kitchen","venue":"Timbuk2","date_num":"2010-06-11","date_txt":"Friday 11th June","gig_club":"2","sd":"Hexadecimal \/ DJ Derek \/ Id","ven_id":"21","art":1}, the first dimension is the id, see var ents = {"7":{ So its possible to get the ids without examining the nested objects... What's the fastest, most efficent way to check if my JSON contains an id?

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• String of KML needs to be converted to java objects

  - by spartikus

  I have a string of kml coming in on a request object. I have used xjc to create the kml java objects. I am looking for an easy way to create the kml nested java objects from this string. I could parse the string and create each object in the tree by hand but wouldn't it be cool if there was a library or something that would create the java objects for me? Something like KmlType type = parseKML(mykmlStringFromTheRequest); Then type would be a Tree of kml objects. Thanks for the help all.

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• An efficient code to determine if a set is a subset of another set

  - by Edward

  I am looking for an efficient way to determine if a set is a subset of another set in Matlab or Mathematica. Example: Set A = [1 2 3 4] Set B = [4 3] Set C = [3 4 1] Set D = [4 3 2 1] The output should be: Set A Sets B and C belong to set A because A contains all of their elements, therefore, they can be deleted (the order of elements in a set doesn't matter). Set D has the same elements as set A and since set A precedes set D, I would like to simply keep set A and delete set D. So there are two essential rules: 1. Delete a set if it is a subset of another set 2. Delete a set if its elements are the same as those of a preceding set My Matlab code is not very efficient at doing this - it mostly consists of nested loops. Suggestions are very welcome! Additional explanation: the issue is that with a large number of sets there will be a very large number of pairwise comparisons.

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• virtual memory commited

  - by vinu

  After a server bounce happens, and after around 40-45 days time period, we receive continuous “Committed Virtual Memory” alerts which indicates the usage of swap space in the magnitude of 4GB This also causes the application to perform very slowly and experience a number of stalled transactions. Server Setup: 4 Tomcat Servers (version 7.0.22) that are load balanced (not clustered) by 2 Apache Servers. And the Apache servers themselves supply static content and routing to these 4 tomcat servers. Java Runtime Version: java version "1.6.0_30" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_30-b12) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 20.5-b03, mixed mode Memory Startup Parameters: MEMORY_OPTIONS="-Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Xss192k -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=500 -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -XX:+CMSClassUnloadingEnabled" Monitoring – Wily monitoring is available in all the production servers that monitors key server parameters and sends out configurable alert emails based on pre defined settings. Note: Each of the servers also has two other separate tomcat domains that run different applications Investigated area: There is no Heap Memory Leak and the GC is running fine without any issues over any period of time The current busy thread count corresponds directly to the application usage – weekends and nights have lesser no. of threads compared to business hours ThreadLocal uses a WeakReference internally. If the ThreadLocal is not strongly referenced, it will be garbage-collected, even though various threads have values stored via that ThreadLocal. Additionally, ThreadLocal values are actually stored in the Thread; if a thread dies, all of the values associated with that thread through a ThreadLocal are collected. If you have a ThreadLocal as a final class member, that's a strong reference, and it cannot be collected until the class is unloaded. But this is how any class member works, and isn't considered a memory leak. The cited problem only comes into play when the value stored in a ThreadLocal strongly references that ThreadLocal—sort of a circular reference. In this case, the value (a SimpleDateFormat), has no backwards reference to the ThreadLocal. There's no memory leak in this code. Can anyone please let me know what could be the cause of this and what to be monitored?

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• FireBug - inspect element problem -- showing different interface?

  - by Susan

  When I used to use Firebugs inspect elements feature it displayed the results like this below. Nice, nested tags on the left...css style on the right. Recently, however, when I try to inspect elements it always shows this: I've tried reverting to older versions of FireBug (can't remember if it started after an update?).. I've poked around the settings... Can't find why it's different. The interface it's showing now is completely useless for figuring out what's going on in the html / css.

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• query optimization

  - by Gaurav

  I have a query of the form SELECT uid1,uid2 FROM friend WHERE uid1 IN (SELECT uid2 FROM friend WHERE uid1='.$user_id.') and uid2 IN (SELECT uid2 FROM friend WHERE uid1='.$user_id.') The problem now is that the nested query SELECT uid2 FROM friend WHERE uid1='.$user_id.' returns a very large number of ids(approx. 5000). The table structure of the friend table is uid1(int), uid2(int). This table is used to determine whether two users are linked together as friends. Any workaround? Can I write the query in a different way? Or is there some other way to solve this issue. I'm sure I am not the first person to face such a problem. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• analysis Big Oh notation psuedocode

  - by tesshu

  I'm having trouble getting my head around algorithm analysis. I seem to be okay identifying linear or squared algorithms but am totally lost with nlogn or logn algorithms, these seem to stem mainly from while loops? Heres an example I was looking at: Algorithm Calculate(A,n) Input: Array A of size n t?0 for i?0 to n-1 do if A[i] is an odd number then Q.enqueue(A[i]) else while Q is not empty do t?t+Q.dequeue() while Q is not empty do t?t+Q.dequeue() return t My best guess is the for loop is executed n times, its nested while loop q times making NQ and the final while loop also Q times resulting in O(NQ +Q) which is linear? I am probably totally wrong. Any help would be much appreciated. thanks

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• Error in R for missing object

  - by griffin

  I have several nested functions, some of which as called in lapply clauses. In the process, sometimes I don't set a default for a parameter and instead check if it was supplied using the missing function. I'm getting a strange error right now when I'm not passing a value for a parameter, it has no default, yet missing resolves to FALSE. And when I try to use or check the parameter in any other way (using length, exists, etc.), I get an error: Error in try(length(x)) : argument "data" is missing, with no default Has anyone experienced this failure of the missing function before?

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• Consecutive 'if' statements

  - by Ben Packard

  How can I check one thing AND THEN another, if the first is true? For example, say I have a shopping basket object, and I only want to do something if the basket has been created AND it isn't empty. I've tried: if (basket && [basket numberOfItems >0])... But the second condition is evaluated even if the first fails, resulting in a crash (presumably because i'm calling numberOfItems on an object that doesn't exist). I can nest them, but this seems a bit ugly, and more to the point is problematic. Say I want to do one thing if the basket exists AND isn't empty, but another if either isn't true. That doesn't really work well in nested if statements.

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• Building libopenmetaverse on CentOS 5

  - by Gary

  I'm trying to build libopenmetaverse on CentOS however I get the following error. I'm not this kind of developer and am installing this for someone else to use. This is just the part of the build that fails. Any ideas? [nant] /opt/libomv/Programs/WinGridProxy/WinGridProxy.exe.build build Buildfile: file:///opt/libomv/Programs/WinGridProxy/WinGridProxy.exe.build Target framework: Mono 2.0 Profile Target(s) specified: build build: [echo] Build Directory is /opt/libomv/bin [csc] Compiling 15 files to '/opt/libomv/bin/WinGridProxy.exe'. [resgen] Error: Invalid ResX input. [resgen] Position: Line 2700, Column 5. [resgen] Inner exception: An exception was thrown by the type initializer for System.Drawing.GDIPlus BUILD FAILED External Program Failed: /tmp/tmp5a71a509.tmp/resgen.exe (return code was 1) Total time: 0.4 seconds. BUILD FAILED Nested build failed. Refer to build log for exact reason. Total time: 47 seconds. Build Exit Code: 1

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• Can enabling a RAID controller's writeback cache harm overall performance?

  - by Nathan O'Sullivan

  I have an 8 drive RAID 10 setup connected to an Adaptec 5805Z, running Centos 5.5 and deadline scheduler. A basic dd read test shows 400mb/sec, and a basic dd write test shows about the same. When I run the two simultaneously, I see the read speed drop to ~5mb/sec while the write speed stays at more or less the same 400mb/sec. The output of iostat -x as you would expect, shows that very few read transactions are being executed while the disk is bombarded with writes. If i turn the controller's writeback cache off, I dont see a 50:50 split but I do see a marked improvement, somewhere around 100mb/s reads and 300mb/s writes. I've also found if I lower the nr_requests setting on the drive's queue (somewhere around 8 seems optimal) I can end up with 150mb/sec reads and 150mb/sec writes; ie. a reduction in total throughput but certainly more suitable for my workload. Is this a real phenomenon? Or is my synthetic test too simplistic? The reason this could happen seems clear enough, when the scheduler switches from reads to writes, it can run heaps of write requests because they all just land in the controllers cache but must be carried out at some point. I would guess the actual disk writes are occuring when the scheduler starts trying to perform reads again, resulting in very few read requests being executed. This seems a reasonable explanation, but it also seems like a massive drawback to using writeback cache on an system with non-trivial write loads. I've been searching for discussions around this all afternoon and found nothing. What am I missing?

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• C language preprocessor behavior

  - by khanna_param

  There are different kind of macros in C language, nested macro is one of them. Considering a program with the following macro #define HYPE(x,y) (SQUR(x)+SQUR(y)) #define SQUR(x) (x*x) Using this we can successfully compile to get the result. As we all know the C preprocessor replaces all the occurrence of the identifiers with the replacement-string. Considering the above example I would like to know how many times the C preprocessor traverses the program to replace the macro with the replacement values. I assume it cannot be done in one go.

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• Flex Builder 3 Unclosable Editor Windows

  - by Sam Goldman

  See: http://i.imgur.com/pQNQh.png Somehow I made this happen and I don't know how to undo it. The image linked above shows my Flex Builder session. The largest section of the window is the editor. Initially, there was a blank window on the screen so I tried closing it, but I couldn't. Then I tried dragging it and realized I could drag it into a corner of itself, hence all the nested windows. I have no idea how to close these windows or simply reset the view. I went to the preferences under General Perspectives, but the "reset" button was disabled for every available perspective. Help?

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• nHibernate: Query tree nodes where self or ancestor matches condition

  - by Famous Nerd

  I have see a lot of competing theories about hierarchical queries in fluent-nHibernate or even basic nHibernate and how they're a difficult beast. Does anyone have any knowledge of good resources on the subject. I find myself needing to do queries similar to: (using a file system analog) select folderObjects from folders where folder.Permissions includes :myPermissionLevel or [any of my ancestors] includes :myPermissionLevel This is a one to many tree, no node has multiple parents. I'm not sure how to describe this in nHibernate specific terms or, even sql-terms. I've seen the phrase "nested sets" mentioned, is this applicable? I'm not sure. Can anyone offer any advice on approaches to writing this sort of nHibernate query?

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• Is this way of using Excel 2007 Pivot table for BI scalable ?

  - by Sim

  Hi all, Background: We need to consolidate sales data across the country to do analysis Our Internet connection/IT expertise/IT investment is not quite strong, therefore full BI solution is out of question I tried several SaaS BI solution (GoodData, ZohoReports) and while they're good, they seem not to fully support what we need We're looking at 'bout 2 millions record for every 2 months My current approach Our (10) sites currently gathers data from all their branches and consolidate them into 1 Excel file with Pivot table and embed source data In HQ, I will request 10 sites to send back those Excel files periodically We will import those Excel to our MSSQL server There will be a master Excel file, that will also have the same pivot table (as those came from site Excel file), and datasource is the MSSQL server More details For testing, I currently use MSSQL 2008 Express on my laptop So far, I imported our transactions for the past 2 months and there are 2 millions+ row in 1 table in MSSQL (we just use 1 table, corresponding to our common pivot table structure). DB size is ~ 600 MB In the master Excel file, if not including the source data, it's just < 10MB. Including the source data will increase the size to 60 MB (so I supposed Office 2007 automatically zip the data ?) I try using the Pivot (drag-and-drop fields) and the performance so far is OK (my laptop specs: C2D T7200, 3GB RAM, Windows XP) So my question is : If we're looking at full year transaction (roughly 15 millions rows in MSSQL 2008 Express, 3.6 GB in size), is there any issue with that 15 million rows in 1 table in SQL Express ? Is there any performance issue with the pivot table at that time ? Can it still embed the source data ? (I google-ed but didn't find the maximum size of source data Excel 2007 can embed) Any other suggestions on how we can better do this ? Given that we can't afford the full BI solution, any light-weight/budget/SaaS BI that you can recommend ? Thanks

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• PowerShell Script to Find and Replace for all Files with a Specific Extension

  - by Brandon

  I have several configuration files on Windows Server 2008 nested like such: C:\Projects\Project_1\project1.config C:\Projects\Project_2\project2.config In my configuration I need to do a string replace like such: <add key="Environment" value="Dev"/> will become: <add key="Environment" value="Demo"/> I thought about using batch scripting, but there was no good way to do this, and I heard that with PowerShell scripting you can easily perform this. I have found examples of find/replace, but I was hoping for a way that would traverse all folders within my C:\Projects directory and find any files that end with the '.config' extension. When it finds one, I want it to replace my string values. Any good resources to find out how to do this or any PowerShell gurus that can offer some insight?

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