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• Tunnel is up but cannot ping directly connected network

  - by drmanalo

  We configured a site-to-site VPN and here is the topology. I control the network on the left but not the one on the right. All devices in our network has public IPs. Server---ASA5505---Cisco887======Internet=====ASA5510---devices I can see the tunnel is up and can do extended ping using a loopback interface. From the 10.175 and 10.165 networks, they can also ping my loopback address. I can also dial in using a Cisco VPN client, and can connect to the devices on the right. #show crypto session Crypto session current status Interface: Vlan3 Profile: xxx-profile Session status: UP-ACTIVE Peer: 213.121.x.x port 500 IKEv1 SA: local 77.245.x.x/500 remote 213.121.x.x/500 Active IPSEC FLOW: permit ip 10.0.20.0/255.255.255.240 10.175.0.0/255.255.128.0 Active SAs: 0, origin: crypto map IPSEC FLOW: permit ip 10.0.20.0/255.255.255.240 10.165.0.0/255.255.192.0 Active SAs: 2, origin: crypto map #ping 10.165.29.39 source loopback 2 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.165.29.39, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 10.0.20.1 !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/17/20 ms My problem is the devices on the right cannot reach my server. They could only ping the loopback address and nothing else. I'm pasting some diagnostics related to routing thinking perhaps routing is my issue. I can paste all the running-config on my side of network if needed. #show ip int brief Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol ATM0 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down Ethernet0 unassigned YES NVRAM administratively down down FastEthernet0 unassigned YES unset up up connected to ASA FastEthernet1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down FastEthernet2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down FastEthernet3 unassigned YES unset up up Loopback1 10.0.20.65 YES NVRAM up up Loopback2 10.0.20.1 YES NVRAM up up Virtual-Template1 77.245.x.x YES unset up down Virtual-Template2 77.245.x.x YES unset up down Vlan1 unassigned YES unset down down Vlan3 77.245.x.x YES NVRAM up up connected to the Internet #show run | section ip route ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 77.245.x.x ip route 213.121.240.36 255.255.255.255 Vlan3 #show access-list Extended IP access list 102 10 permit ip 10.0.20.0 0.0.0.15 10.175.0.0 0.0.127.255 (3332 matches) 20 permit ip 10.0.20.0 0.0.0.15 10.165.0.0 0.0.63.255 (3498 matches) #show vlan-switch VLAN Name Status Ports ---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------- 1 default active 3 VLAN0003 active Fa0, Fa1, Fa2, Fa3 1002 fddi-default act/unsup 1003 token-ring-default act/unsup 1004 fddinet-default act/unsup 1005 trnet-default act/unsup #show ip route Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP + - replicated route, % - next hop override Gateway of last resort is 77.245.x.x to network 0.0.0.0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 77.245.x.x 10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 5 subnets, 3 masks C 10.0.20.0/28 is directly connected, Loopback2 L 10.0.20.1/32 is directly connected, Loopback2 C 10.0.20.64/28 is directly connected, Loopback1 L 10.0.20.65/32 is directly connected, Loopback1 S 10.165.0.0/18 [1/0] via 213.121.x.x 77.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 3 masks S 77.0.0.0/8 [1/0] via 77.245.x.x C 77.245.x.x/29 is directly connected, Vlan3 L 77.245.x.x/32 is directly connected, Vlan3 213.121.x.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 213.121.x.x is directly connected, Vlan3 I read some of the posts here which lead to NATing issue but I'not sure of my next step. Should I translate my public address to private and route it to the loopback address? (only guessing) CISCO VPN site to site Site-to-Site VPN between two ASA 5505s only working in one direction Hope someone could help. Thanks in advance!

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• Useful Command-line Commands on Windows

  - by Sung Meister

  The aim for this Wiki is to promote using a command to open up commonly used applications without having to go through many mouse clicks - thus saving time on monitoring and troubleshooting Windows machines. Answer entries need to specify Application name Commands Screenshot (Optional) Shortcut to commands && - Command Chaining %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\rcimlby.exe -LaunchRA - Remote Assistance (Windows XP) appwiz.cpl - Programs and Features (Formerly Known as "Add or Remove Programs") appwiz.cpl @,2 - Turn Windows Features On and Off (Add/Remove Windows Components pane) arp - Displays and modifies the IP-to-Physical address translation tables used by address resolution protocol (ARP) at - Schedule tasks either locally or remotely without using Scheduled Tasks bootsect.exe - Updates the master boot code for hard disk partitions to switch between BOOTMGR and NTLDR cacls - Change Access Control List (ACL) permissions on a directory, its subcontents, or files calc - Calculator chkdsk - Check/Fix the disk surface for physical errors or bad sectors cipher - Displays or alters the encryption of directories [files] on NTFS partitions cleanmgr.exe - Disk Cleanup clip - Redirects output of command line tools to the Windows clipboard cls - clear the command line screen cmd /k - Run command with command extensions enabled color - Sets the default console foreground and background colors in console command.com - Default Operating System Shell compmgmt.msc - Computer Management control.exe /name Microsoft.NetworkAndSharingCenter - Network and Sharing Center control keyboard - Keyboard Properties control mouse(or main.cpl) - Mouse Properties control sysdm.cpl,@0,3 - Advanced Tab of the System Properties dialog control userpasswords2 - Opens the classic User Accounts dialog desk.cpl - opens the display properties devmgmt.msc - Device Manager diskmgmt.msc - Disk Management diskpart - Disk management from the command line dsa.msc - Opens active directory users and computers dsquery - Finds any objects in the directory according to criteria dxdiag - DirectX Diagnostic Tool eventvwr - Windows Event Log (Event Viewer) explorer . - Open explorer with the current folder selected. explorer /e, . - Open explorer, with folder tree, with current folder selected. F7 - View command history find - Searches for a text string in a file or files findstr - Find a string in a file firewall.cpl - Opens the Windows Firewall settings fsmgmt.msc - Shared Folders fsutil - Perform tasks related to FAT and NTFS file systems ftp - Transfers files to and from a computer running an FTP server service getmac - Shows the mac address(es) of your network adapter(s) gpedit.msc - Group Policy Editor gpresult - Displays the Resultant Set of Policy (RSoP) information for a target user and computer httpcfg.exe - HTTP Configuration Utility iisreset - To restart IIS InetMgr.exe - Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager 7 InetMgr6.exe - Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager 6 intl.cpl - Regional and Language Options ipconfig - Internet protocol configuration lusrmgr.msc - Local Users and Groups Administrator msconfig - System Configuration notepad - Notepad? ;) mmsys.cpl - Sound/Recording/Playback properties mode - Configure system devices more - Displays one screen of output at a time mrt - Microsoft Windows Malicious Software Removal Tool mstsc.exe - Remote Desktop Connection nbstat - displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT ncpa.cpl - Network Connections netsh - Display or modify the network configuration of a computer that is currently running netstat - Network Statistics net statistics - Check computer up time net stop - Stops a running service. net use - Connects a computer to or disconnects a computer from a shared resource, or displays information about computer connections odbcad32.exe - ODBC Data Source Administrator pathping - A traceroute that collects detailed packet loss stats perfmon - Opens Reliability and Performance Monitor ping - Determine whether a remote computer is accessible over the network powercfg.cpl - Power management control panel applet quser - Display information about user sessions on a terminal server qwinsta - See disconnected remote desktop sessions reg.exe - Console Registry Tool for Windows regedit - Registry Editor rasdial - Connects to a VPN or a dialup network robocopy - Backup/Restore/Copy large amounts of files reliably rsop.msc - Resultant Set of Policy (shows the combined effect of all group policies active on the current system/login) runas - Run specific tools and programs with different permissions than the user's current logon provides sc - Manage anything you want to do with services. schtasks - Enables an administrator to create, delete, query, change, run and end scheduled tasks on a local or remote system. secpol.msc - Local Security Settings services.msc - Services control panel set - Displays, sets, or removes cmd.exe environment variables. set DIRCMD - Preset dir parameter in cmd.exe start - Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command start. - opens the current directory in the Windows Explorer. shutdown.exe - Shutdown or Reboot a local/remote machine subst.exe - Associates a path with a drive letter, including local drives systeminfo -Displays a comprehensive information about the system taskkill - terminate tasks by process id (PID) or image name tasklist.exe - List Processes on local or a remote machine taskmgr.exe - Task Manager telephon.cpl - Telephone and Modem properties timedate.cpl - Date and Time title - Change the title of the CMD window you have open tracert - Trace route wmic - Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line winver.exe - Find Windows Version wscui.cpl - Windows Security Center wuauclt.exe - Windows Update AutoUpdate Client

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• Setting up RADIUS + LDAP for WPA2 on Ubuntu

  - by Morten Siebuhr

  I'm setting up a wireless network for ~150 users. In short, I'm looking for a guide to set RADIUS server to authenticate WPA2 against a LDAP. On Ubuntu. I got a working LDAP, but as it is not in production use, it can very easily be adapted to whatever changes this project may require. I've been looking at FreeRADIUS, but any RADIUS server will do. We got a separate physical network just for WiFi, so not too many worries about security on that front. Our AP's are HP's low end enterprise stuff - they seem to support whatever you can think of. All Ubuntu Server, baby! And the bad news: I now somebody less knowledgeable than me will eventually take over administration, so the setup has to be as "trivial" as possible. So far, our setup is based only on software from the Ubuntu repositories, with exception of our LDAP administration web application and a few small special scripts. So no "fetch package X, untar, ./configure"-things if avoidable. UPDATE 2009-08-18: While I found several useful resources, there is one serious obstacle: Ignoring EAP-Type/tls because we do not have OpenSSL support. Ignoring EAP-Type/ttls because we do not have OpenSSL support. Ignoring EAP-Type/peap because we do not have OpenSSL support. Basically the Ubuntu version of FreeRADIUS does not support SSL (bug 183840), which makes all the secure EAP-types useless. Bummer. But some useful documentation for anybody interested: http://vuksan.com/linux/dot1x/802-1x-LDAP.html http://tldp.org/HOWTO/html_single/8021X-HOWTO/#confradius UPDATE 2009-08-19: I ended up compiling my own FreeRADIUS package yesterday evening - there's a really good recipe at http://www.linuxinsight.com/building-debian-freeradius-package-with-eap-tls-ttls-peap-support.html (See the comments to the post for updated instructions). I got a certificate from http://CACert.org (you should probably get a "real" cert if possible) Then I followed the instructions at http://vuksan.com/linux/dot1x/802-1x-LDAP.html. This links to http://tldp.org/HOWTO/html_single/8021X-HOWTO/, which is a very worthwhile read if you want to know how WiFi security works. UPDATE 2009-08-27: After following the above guide, I've managed to get FreeRADIUS to talk to LDAP: I've created a test user in LDAP, with the password mr2Yx36M - this gives an LDAP entry roughly of: uid: testuser sambaLMPassword: CF3D6F8A92967E0FE72C57EF50F76A05 sambaNTPassword: DA44187ECA97B7C14A22F29F52BEBD90 userPassword: {SSHA}Z0SwaKO5tuGxgxtceRDjiDGFy6bRL6ja When using radtest, I can connect fine: > radtest testuser "mr2Yx36N" sbhr.dk 0 radius-private-password Sending Access-Request of id 215 to 130.225.235.6 port 1812 User-Name = "msiebuhr" User-Password = "mr2Yx36N" NAS-IP-Address = 127.0.1.1 NAS-Port = 0 rad_recv: Access-Accept packet from host 130.225.235.6 port 1812, id=215, length=20 > But when I try through the AP, it doesn't fly - while it does confirm that it figures out the NT and LM passwords: ... rlm_ldap: sambaNTPassword -> NT-Password == 0x4441343431383745434139374237433134413232463239463532424542443930 rlm_ldap: sambaLMPassword -> LM-Password == 0x4346334436463841393239363745304645373243353745463530463736413035 [ldap] looking for reply items in directory... WARNING: No "known good" password was found in LDAP. Are you sure that the user is configured correctly? [ldap] user testuser authorized to use remote access rlm_ldap: ldap_release_conn: Release Id: 0 ++[ldap] returns ok ++[expiration] returns noop ++[logintime] returns noop [pap] Normalizing NT-Password from hex encoding [pap] Normalizing LM-Password from hex encoding ... It is clear that the NT and LM passwords differ from the above, yet the message [ldap] user testuser authorized to use remote access - and the user is later rejected...

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• Cannot ping Localhost so I can't shutdown Tomcat

  - by gav

  Hi, I installed Tomcat 6 using the tar-ball via wget. Startup of the server is fine but on shutdown I get a timeout exception. root@88:/usr/local/tomcat/logs# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar 30-Mar-2010 17:33:41 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina stopServer SEVERE: Catalina.stop: java.net.ConnectException: Connection timed out at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method) at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.doConnect(PlainSocketImpl.java:333) at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(PlainSocketImpl.java:195) at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(PlainSocketImpl.java:182) at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:366) ... I read that this might be because I have a firewall blocking incoming connections on the shutdown port (8005). I have a default Ubuntu 9.04 installation running on a VPS with no rules in my iptables. How can I tell if that port is blocked? How can I check that the server is listening for connections on 8005? Bizarrely pinging localhost or the IP of my server fails from the server itself, whereas pinging the IP of my server from another machine succeeds. -------- EDIT -------- (In reply to Davey) Thanks for all the tips and suggestions! netstat -nlp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8005 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9611/java tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 28505/mysqld tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 9611/java tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN ... So we can see that tomcat is listening, I just don't seem to be able to reach it. root@88:/usr/local/tomcat# telnet localhost 8005 Trying 127.0.0.1... Trying to telnet to the port Hangs indefinitely. I have no rules in my iptables so I don't think it's a firewall thing. root@88:/usr/local/tomcat# iptables --list Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination This is the contents of /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost # Auto-generated hostname. Please do not remove this comment. 88.198.31.14 88.198.31.14 88 88 But I still can't ping localhost... do I need to check a loopback device is enabled properly or something? (I'm unsure how to do that if you do say yes :)). root@88:/usr/local/tomcat# ping localhost PING localhost (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. --- localhost ping statistics --- 7 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 5999ms Trying to find out what the loop back is configured as; root@88:~# ifconfig lo lo Link encap:Local Loopback LOOPBACK MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) SOLUTION THANKS TO DAVEY I needed to bring up the interface (Not sure why it wasn't running). ifconfig lo up did the trick. root@88:~# ifconfig lo up root@88:~# ifconfig lo lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) root@88:~# ping localhost PING localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.025 ms Thanks again, Gav

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• Authenticating clients in the new WCF Http stack

  - by cibrax

  About this time last year, I wrote a couple of posts about how to use the “Interceptors” from the REST starker kit for implementing several authentication mechanisms like “SAML”, “Basic Authentication” or “OAuth” in the WCF Web programming model. The things have changed a lot since then, and Glenn finally put on our hands a new version of the Web programming model that deserves some attention and I believe will help us a lot to build more Http oriented services in the .NET stack. What you can get today from wcf.codeplex.com is a preview with some cool features like Http Processors (which I already discussed here), a new and improved version of the HttpClient library, Dependency injection and better TDD support among others. However, the framework still does not support an standard way of doing client authentication on the services (This is something planned for the upcoming releases I believe). For that reason, moving the existing authentication interceptors to this new programming model was one of the things I did in the last few days. In order to make authentication simple and easy to extend,  I first came up with a model based on what I called “Authentication Interceptors”. An authentication interceptor maps to an existing Http authentication mechanism and implements the following interface, public interface IAuthenticationInterceptor{ string Scheme { get; } bool DoAuthentication(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpResponseMessage response, out IPrincipal principal);} An authentication interceptors basically needs to returns the http authentication schema that implements in the property “Scheme”, and implements the authentication mechanism in the method “DoAuthentication”. As you can see, this last method “DoAuthentication” only relies on the HttpRequestMessage and HttpResponseMessage classes, making the testing of this interceptor very simple (There is no need to do some black magic with the WCF context or messages). After this, I implemented a couple of interceptors for supporting basic authentication and brokered authentication with SAML (using WIF) in my services. The following code illustrates how the basic authentication interceptors looks like. public class BasicAuthenticationInterceptor : IAuthenticationInterceptor{ Func<UsernameAndPassword, bool> userValidation; string realm;  public BasicAuthenticationInterceptor(Func<UsernameAndPassword, bool> userValidation, string realm) { if (userValidation == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("userValidation");  if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(realm)) throw new ArgumentNullException("realm");  this.userValidation = userValidation; this.realm = realm; }  public string Scheme { get { return "Basic"; } }  public bool DoAuthentication(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpResponseMessage response, out IPrincipal principal) { string[] credentials = ExtractCredentials(request); if (credentials.Length == 0 || !AuthenticateUser(credentials[0], credentials[1])) { response.StatusCode = HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized; response.Content = new StringContent("Access denied"); response.Headers.WwwAuthenticate.Add(new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Basic", "realm=" + this.realm));  principal = null;  return false; } else { principal = new GenericPrincipal(new GenericIdentity(credentials[0]), new string[] {});  return true; } }  private string[] ExtractCredentials(HttpRequestMessage request) { if (request.Headers.Authorization != null && request.Headers.Authorization.Scheme.StartsWith("Basic")) { string encodedUserPass = request.Headers.Authorization.Parameter.Trim();  Encoding encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("iso-8859-1"); string userPass = encoding.GetString(Convert.FromBase64String(encodedUserPass)); int separator = userPass.IndexOf(':');  string[] credentials = new string[2]; credentials[0] = userPass.Substring(0, separator); credentials[1] = userPass.Substring(separator + 1);  return credentials; }  return new string[] { }; }  private bool AuthenticateUser(string username, string password) { var usernameAndPassword = new UsernameAndPassword { Username = username, Password = password };  if (this.userValidation(usernameAndPassword)) { return true; }  return false; }} This interceptor receives in the constructor a callback in the form of a Func delegate for authenticating the user and the “realm”, which is required as part of the implementation. The rest is a general implementation of the basic authentication mechanism using standard http request and response messages. I also implemented another interceptor for authenticating a SAML token with WIF. public class SamlAuthenticationInterceptor : IAuthenticationInterceptor{ SecurityTokenHandlerCollection handlers = null;  public SamlAuthenticationInterceptor(SecurityTokenHandlerCollection handlers) { if (handlers == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("handlers");  this.handlers = handlers; }  public string Scheme { get { return "saml"; } }  public bool DoAuthentication(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpResponseMessage response, out IPrincipal principal) { SecurityToken token = ExtractCredentials(request);  if (token != null) { ClaimsIdentityCollection claims = handlers.ValidateToken(token);  principal = new ClaimsPrincipal(claims);  return true; } else { response.StatusCode = HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized; response.Content = new StringContent("Access denied");  principal = null;  return false; } }  private SecurityToken ExtractCredentials(HttpRequestMessage request) { if (request.Headers.Authorization != null && request.Headers.Authorization.Scheme == "saml") { XmlTextReader xmlReader = new XmlTextReader(new StringReader(request.Headers.Authorization.Parameter));  var col = SecurityTokenHandlerCollection.CreateDefaultSecurityTokenHandlerCollection(); SecurityToken token = col.ReadToken(xmlReader);  return token; }  return null; }}This implementation receives a “SecurityTokenHandlerCollection” instance as part of the constructor. This class is part of WIF, and basically represents a collection of token managers to know how to handle specific xml authentication tokens (SAML is one of them). I also created a set of extension methods for injecting these interceptors as part of a service route when the service is initialized. var basicAuthentication = new BasicAuthenticationInterceptor((u) => true, "ContactManager");var samlAuthentication = new SamlAuthenticationInterceptor(serviceConfiguration.SecurityTokenHandlers); // use MEF for providing instancesvar catalog = new AssemblyCatalog(typeof(Global).Assembly);var container = new CompositionContainer(catalog);var configuration = new ContactManagerConfiguration(container); RouteTable.Routes.AddServiceRoute<ContactResource>("contact", configuration, basicAuthentication, samlAuthentication);RouteTable.Routes.AddServiceRoute<ContactsResource>("contacts", configuration, basicAuthentication, samlAuthentication); In the code above, I am injecting the basic authentication and saml authentication interceptors in the “contact” and “contacts” resource implementations that come as samples in the code preview. I will use another post to discuss more in detail how the brokered authentication with SAML model works with this new WCF Http bits. The code is available to download in this location.

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• Cannot join Win7 workstations to Win2k8 domain

  - by wfaulk

  I am trying to connect a Windows 7 Ultimate machine to a Windows 2k8 domain and it's not working. I get this error: Note: This information is intended for a network administrator. If you are not your network's administrator, notify the administrator that you received this information, which has been recorded in the file C:\Windows\debug\dcdiag.txt. DNS was successfully queried for the service location (SRV) resource record used to locate a domain controller for domain "example.local": The query was for the SRV record for _ldap._tcp.dc._msdcs.example.local The following domain controllers were identified by the query: dc1.example.local dc2.example.local However no domain controllers could be contacted. Common causes of this error include: Host (A) or (AAAA) records that map the names of the domain controllers to their IP addresses are missing or contain incorrect addresses. Domain controllers registered in DNS are not connected to the network or are not running. The client is in an office connected remotely via MPLS to the data center where our domain controllers exist. I don't seem to have anything blocking connectivity to the DCs, but I don't have total control over the MPLS circuit, so it's possible that there's something blocking connectivity. I have tried multiple clients (Win7 Ultimate and WinXP SP3) in the one office and get the same symptoms on all of them. I have no trouble connecting to either of the domain controllers, though I have, admittedly, not tried every possible port. ICMP, LDAP, DNS, and SMB connections all work fine. Client DNS is pointing to the DCs, and "example.local" resolves to the two IP addresses of the DCs. I get this output from the NetLogon Test command line utility: C:\Windows\System32>nltest /dsgetdc:example.local Getting DC name failed: Status = 1355 0x54b ERROR_NO_SUCH_DOMAIN I have also created a separate network to emulate that office's configuration that's connected to the DC network via LAN-to-LAN VPN instead of MPLS. Joining Windows 7 computers from that remote network works fine. The only difference I can find between the two environments is the intermediate connectivity, but I'm out of ideas as to what to test or how to do it. What further steps should I take? (Note that this isn't actually my client workstation and I have no direct access to it; I'm forced to do remote hands access to it, which makes some of the obvious troubleshooting methods, like packet sniffing, more difficult. If I could just set up a system there that I could remote into, I would, but requests to that effect have gone unanswered.) 2011-08-25 update: I had DCDIAG.EXE run on a client attempting to join the domain: C:\Windows\System32>dcdiag /u:example\adminuser /p:********* /s:dc2.example.local Directory Server Diagnosis Performing initial setup: Ldap search capabality attribute search failed on server dc2.example.local, return value = 81 This sounds like it was able to connect via LDAP, but the thing that it was trying to do failed. But I don't quite follow what it was trying to do, much less how to reproduce it or resolve it. 2011-08-26 update: Using LDP.EXE to try and make an LDAP connection directly to the DCs results in these errors: ld = ldap_open("10.0.0.1", 389); Error <0x51: Fail to connect to 10.0.0.1. ld = ldap_open("10.0.0.2", 389); Error <0x51: Fail to connect to 10.0.0.2. ld = ldap_open("10.0.0.1", 3268); Error <0x51: Fail to connect to 10.0.0.1. ld = ldap_open("10.0.0.2", 3268); Error <0x51: Fail to connect to 10.0.0.2. This would seem to point fingers at LDAP connections being blocked somewhere. (And 0x51 == 81, which was the error from DCDIAG.EXE from yesterday's update.) I could swear I tested this using TELNET.EXE weeks ago, but now I'm thinking that I may have assumed that its clearing of the screen was telling me that it was waiting and not that it had connected. I'm tracking down LDAP connectivity problems now. This update may become an answer.

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• iptables DNS resolution

  - by Favolas

  I have a virtual machine with Fedora 19 acting as a router. This machine as an interface (p8p1) with the IP 172.16.1.254 that is connected to another machine (IP 172.16.1.1) that's simulating the external network. I've installed snort 2.9.2.2, applied the snortsam-2.9.2.2.diff.gz patch and installed snortsam 2.70 on the routermachine In snort.conf besides altering some RULE_PATH I believe I've only added the following line to the file. output alert_fwsam: 127.0.0.1:898/password After doing this two comands: ifconfig p8p1 promisc /usr/local/snort/bin/snort -v -i p8p1 If I ping from the external network to the router IP, I can see the info about the pings. One of the rules that I have is icmp-info.rules that as this single line: alert icmp $EXTERNAL_NET any -> $HOME_NET any (msg:"ICMP-INFO Echo Reply"; icode:0; itype:0; classtype:misc-activity; sid:408; rev:6;fwsam: src, 5 minutes;) snortsam.conf as this data: defaultkey password accept localhost keyinterval 30 minutes dontblock 192.168.1.1 # rede local rollbackhosts 50 rollbackthreshold 20 / 30 secs rollbacksleeptime 1 minute logfile /var/log/snort/snortsam.log loglevel 3 daemon nothreads # linha importante para gerar os bloqueios via iptables iptables p8p1 LOG bindip 127.0.0.1 Now I run this command: /usr/local/snort/bin/snort -u snort -i p8p1 -c /etc/snort/snort.conf -l /var/log/snort -Dq Terminal gives this message: Spawning daemon child... My daemon child 2080 lives... Daemon parent exiting (0) and when I runsnortsam in terminal i got this: SnortSam, v 2.70. Copyright (c) 2001-2009 Frank Knobbe . All rights reserved. Plugin 'fwsam': v 2.5, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'fwexec': v 2.7, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'pix': v 2.9, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'ciscoacl': v 2.12, by Ali Basel <[email protected]> Plugin 'cisconullroute': v 2.5, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'cisconullroute2': v 2.2, by Wouter de Jong <[email protected]> Plugin 'netscreen': v 2.10, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'ipchains': v 2.8, by Hector A. Paterno <[email protected]> Plugin 'iptables': v 2.9, by Fabrizio Tivano <[email protected]>, Luis Marichal <[email protected]> Plugin 'ebtables': v 2.4, by Bruno Scatolin <[email protected]> Plugin 'watchguard': v 2.7, by Thomas Maier <[email protected]> Plugin 'email': v 2.12, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'email-blocks-only': v 2.12, by Frank Knobbe Plugin 'snmpinterfacedown': v 2.3, by Ali BASEL <[email protected]> Plugin 'forward': v 2.8, by Frank Knobbe Parsing config file /etc/snortsam.conf... Linking plugin 'iptables'... Checking for existing state file "/var/db/snortsam.state". Found. Reading state file. Starting to listen for Snort alerts. and snortsam.log as an entry like this 2013/10/25, 10:15:17, -, 1, snortsam, Starting to listen for Snort alerts. Now, from the external machine I do ping 172.16.1.254 and it starts showing the info and an alert file is created in /var/log/snort/ that as the info about the PINGS. Something like: [**] [1:408:6] ICMP-INFO Echo Reply [**] [Classification: Misc activity] [Priority: 3] 10/25-10:35:16.061319 172.16.1.254 -> 172.16.1.1 ICMP TTL:64 TOS:0x0 ID:38720 IpLen:20 DgmLen:84 Type:0 Code:0 ID:1389 Seq:1 ECHO REPLY Also, if I run instead /usr/local/snort/bin/snort snort -v -i p8p1 i got this message: Running in packet dump mode --== Initializing Snort ==-- Initializing Output Plugins! Snort BPF option: snort pcap DAQ configured to passive. The DAQ version does not support reload. Acquiring network traffic from "p8p1". ERROR: Can't set DAQ BPF filter to 'snort' (pcap_daq_set_filter: pcap_compile: syntax error)! Fatal Error, Quitting.. So, this are my questions: Shouldn't snortsam block the PING? Is that DAQ error causing the problem? If so, How can I solve it?

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• Wget works, Ping doesn't

  - by derty

  There are some anomalies on a Virtuozzo virtualized Debian 4 (I know, I'm gonna upgrade this one asap, but there dependences). We run some Websites on this one. And a view Days ago exmi4 wasnt able to send mails to SOME people. I'll use live.com as exampledomain! So some of this people got mails and some didn't. Some of the mails got stuck in the queue, and after 2 days they went out!! My Nagios never showed problems with the internet connection or disk space Now i wanted to install "dig" to look how he's solving the dns request. And this Debian tells me he doesn't know dig.. Long story made short, Debian is able to download sites with exact IP or even with wget live.com, but it is not able to ping live.com. I'm 99% sure that the networking is right and the routing too! Some examples of my tring below: wget live.com downloads the site ping live.com ping http://www.live.com ping http://live.com returns: ping: unknown host live.com EDIT: i now use heise.de not live.com any more. and i found out i can ping the heise.de server by using it's IP-address. myserver:~# ping 193.99.144.85 PING 193.99.144.85 (193.99.144.85) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 193.99.144.85: icmp_seq=1 ttl=248 time=12.7 ms 64 bytes from 193.99.144.85: icmp_seq=2 ttl=248 time=12.6 ms 64 bytes from 193.99.144.85: icmp_seq=3 ttl=248 time=12.9 ms 64 bytes from 193.99.144.85: icmp_seq=4 ttl=248 time=13.1 ms 64 bytes from 193.99.144.85: icmp_seq=5 ttl=248 time=13.1 ms --- 193.99.144.85 ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4001ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 12.671/12.924/13.163/0.238 ms EDIT 2: myserver:/etc/apt# dig heise.de ; <<>> DiG 9.3.4-P1.2 <<>> heise.de ;; global options: printcmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 40551 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 5, ADDITIONAL: 3 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;heise.de. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: heise.de. 2266 IN A 193.99.144.80 ;; AUTHORITY SECTION: heise.de. 1622 IN NS ns.pop-hannover.de. heise.de. 1622 IN NS ns.s.plusline.de. heise.de. 1622 IN NS ns.plusline.de. heise.de. 1622 IN NS ns2.pop-hannover.net. heise.de. 1622 IN NS ns.heise.de. ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: ns.plusline.de. 265 IN A 212.19.48.14 ns.pop-hannover.de. 5113 IN A 193.98.1.200 ns2.pop-hannover.net. 15150 IN A 62.48.67.66 ;; Query time: 2 msec ;; SERVER: 193.200.112.80#53(193.200.112.80) ;; WHEN: Tue Oct 9 13:03:50 2012 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 216

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• Help me solve my problem with NPR Media Player

  - by Calcipher

  First of, let me apologize for this getting a bit technical. Several weeks ago, I found that while using NPR's media player (e.g. click on 'Listen to the Show' - this is what I've been using as a test) the stream would suddenly halt after a minute or three. I could not get the stream to restart without reloading the page. Now, I assumed this was an issue with NPR's player and Linux (or just a bug in their stuff in general) so I began to dig, the following is what I have tried to date (please note, the tldr; option is to skip to the latest thing as I think I know what is causing the problem). Note: All testing has been done, for consistency purposes, on a clean install of Chromium with no pluggins running. My machine is Ubuntu 10.10x64. First thing I always try, I disabled all firewall stuff on the system (UFW, default deny all, allow ssh). No change, firewall back up for all additional tests unless otherwise noted. In any case, UFW is stateful, so connections it started on a non-specified on different ports will continue to work. I deleted my ~/.macromeda and ~/.adobe folders, restarted (just to be sure) and tried. Program still froze. I decided the problem might be with my install of flash, so I purged the version I had (and the home folders again). I installed the x64 version of flash from a PPA. This had no effect. I decided that the problem might be with the version of flash, so I purged the x64 version and installed the standard x32 version that comes with Ubuntu. No luck. Back to the x64 version for consistency, I decided to set up a 64-bit mini 'clone' of my system in VirtualBox. I was able to run the media player with no problem. I rsynced (in archive mode) my home directory from my real machine to the virtual machine (with bridged networking, so it was fully visible on the network). I also used a few tricks to install ALL of the same software (and repositories) from the real machine to the virtual machine. I was still able to listen to the player. I decided that the problem was with my install (after all, it had gone through two major version upgrades). As I have /home/ on a separate partition it was easy to reinstall and use the same trick from #6 to have my system up and running again within about an hour. I continue to have issues with the NPR Media Player. By this point the weekend had come. At work, I use a wired connection while at home I use a wireless connection. For some reason I forgot that I was having problems and used the NPR Media Player over the weekend. Low and behold it worked just fine at home on wireless (note: for various reasons, I could not test this on wired at home). Following from #6, I decided that the problem was either something with the network at work or still something with my account. As the latter was easier to test, I created a new account on my system and used that at work. The Media Player worked. At a loss, I decided to watch the traffic with tshark (the text based brother of wireshark) - X's to protect the innocent, I am the XXX.24.200.XXX: sudo tshark -i eth0 -p -t a -R "ip.addr == XXX.24.200.XXX && ip.addr == XXX.166.98.XXX" As you would expect, there were tons and tons of packets, but each and every time the player froze, this is what I got 08:42:20.679200 XXX.166.98.XXX - XXX.24.200.XXX TCP macromedia-fcs 56371 [PSH, ACK] Seq=817686 Ack=6 Win=65535 Len=1448 TSV=495713325 TSER=396467 08:42:20.718602 XXX.24.200.XXX - XXX.166.98.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindow] 56371 macromedia-fcs [ACK] Seq=6 Ack=819134 Win=0 Len=0 TSV=396475 TSER=495713325 08:42:21.050183 XXX.166.98.XXX - XXX.24.200.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbe] macromedia-fcs 56371 [ACK] Seq=819134 Ack=6 Win=65535 Len=1 TSV=495713362 TSER=396475 08:42:21.050221 XXX.24.200.XXX - XXX.166.98.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbeAck] [TCP ZeroWindow] 56371 macromedia-fcs [ACK] Seq=6 Ack=819134 Win=0 Len=0 TSV=396508 TSER=495713362 08:42:21.680548 XXX.166.98.XXX - XXX.24.200.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbe] macromedia-fcs 56371 [ACK] Seq=819134 Ack=6 Win=65535 Len=1 TSV=495713425 TSER=396508 08:42:21.680605 XXX.24.200.XXX - XXX.166.98.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbeAck] [TCP ZeroWindow] 56371 macromedia-fcs [ACK] Seq=6 Ack=819134 Win=0 Len=0 TSV=396571 TSER=495713425 08:42:22.910354 XXX.166.98.XXX - XXX.24.200.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbe] macromedia-fcs 56371 [ACK] Seq=819134 Ack=6 Win=65535 Len=1 TSV=495713548 TSER=396571 08:42:22.910400 XXX.24.200.XXX - XXX.166.98.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbeAck] [TCP ZeroWindow] 56371 macromedia-fcs [ACK] Seq=6 Ack=819134 Win=0 Len=0 TSV=396694 TSER=495713548 08:42:25.340458 XXX.166.98.XXX - XXX.24.200.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbe] macromedia-fcs 56371 [ACK] Seq=819134 Ack=6 Win=65535 Len=1 TSV=495713791 TSER=396694 08:42:25.340517 XXX.24.200.XXX - XXX.166.98.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbeAck] [TCP ZeroWindow] 56371 macromedia-fcs [ACK] Seq=6 Ack=819134 Win=0 Len=0 TSV=396937 TSER=495713791 08:42:30.170698 XXX.166.98.XXX - XXX.24.200.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbe] macromedia-fcs 56371 [ACK] Seq=819134 Ack=6 Win=65535 Len=1 TSV=495714274 TSER=396937 08:42:30.170746 XXX.24.200.XXX - XXX.166.98.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbeAck] [TCP ZeroWindow] 56371 macromedia-fcs [ACK] Seq=6 Ack=819134 Win=0 Len=0 TSV=397420 TSER=495714274 08:42:39.801738 XXX.166.98.XXX - XXX.24.200.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbe] macromedia-fcs 56371 [ACK] Seq=819134 Ack=6 Win=65535 Len=1 TSV=495715237 TSER=397420 08:42:39.801784 XXX.24.200.XXX - XXX.166.98.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbeAck] [TCP ZeroWindow] 56371 macromedia-fcs [ACK] Seq=6 Ack=819134 Win=0 Len=0 TSV=398383 TSER=495715237 08:42:59.032648 XXX.166.98.XXX - XXX.24.200.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbe] macromedia-fcs 56371 [ACK] Seq=819134 Ack=6 Win=65535 Len=1 TSV=495717160 TSER=398383 08:42:59.032696 XXX.24.200.XXX - XXX.166.98.XXX TCP [TCP ZeroWindowProbeAck] [TCP ZeroWindow] 56371 macromedia-fcs [ACK] Seq=6 Ack=819134 Win=0 Len=0 TSV=400306 TSER=495717160 08:43:00.267721 XXX.24.200.XXX - XXX.166.98.XXX TCP 56371 macromedia-fcs [FIN, ACK] Seq=6 Ack=819134 Win=0 Len=0 TSV=400430 TSER=495717160 08:43:00.267827 XXX.24.200.XXX - XXX.166.98.XXX TCP 56371 macromedia-fcs [RST, ACK] Seq=7 Ack=819134 Win=65535 Len=0 TSV=400430 TSER=495717160 So, as you can see, my machine is sending out a ZeroWindow packet (which I think means some buffer or another filled up) which causes the Media Player to halt (unfortunately, terminally - no controls on it really do anything anymore). Any ideas, at all, what would cause this? Why only on eth0 under my main account?

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• MIX 2010 Covert Operations Day 2 Silverlight + Windows 7 Phone

  - by GeekAgilistMercenary

  Left the Circus Circus and headed to the geek circus at Mandalay Bay.  Got in, got some breakfast, met a few more people and headed to the keynote. Upon arriving the crew I was hanging with at the event; Erik Mork, Beth Murray, and Brian Henderson and I were entertained with several other thousand geeks by the wicked yo-yoing. The first video demo of something was of Bing Maps and various aspects of Microsoft Research integrated together.  Namely the pictures, put in place, on real 3d element maps of various environments. Silverlight Scott Guthrie, as one would guess, kicked off the keynote.  His first point was that user experience has become a priority at Microsoft.  This can be seen by any observant soul with the release and push of Expression, Silverlight, and the other tools.  This is even more apparent when one takes note of Microsoft bringing in people that can actually do good design and putting them at the forefront. The next thing Scott brought up was a few key points about Silverlight.  Currently Silverlight is a little over 2 years old and has achieved a pretty solid 60% penetration.  Silverlight has all sorts of capabilities that have been developed and are now provided as open source including;  ad injection, smoothing, playback editing, and more.  Another thing he showed, which really struck me as awesome being in the analytics space, was the Olympics and a quick glimpse of the ad statistics, viewer experience, video playback performance, audience trends, and overall viewer participation.  All of it rendered in Silverlight in beautiful detail. The key piece of Scott's various points were all punctuated with the fact that all of this code is available as open source.  Not only is Microsoft really delving into this design element of things, they're getting involved in the right ways. One of the last points I'll bring up about Silverlight 4 is the ability to have HD video on a monitor, and an entirely different activity being done on the other monitor, effectively making Silverlight the only RIA framework that supports multi-monitor support.  Overall, Silverlight is continuing to impress – providing superior capabilities tit-for-tat with the competition. Windows 7 Phone The Windows 7 Phone has 3 primary buttons (yes, more than the iPhone, don't let your mind explode!!).  Start, Search, and Back control all of the needed functionality of the phone.  At the same time, of course, there is the multi-touch, touch, and other interactive abilities of the interface.  The intent, once start is pressed is to have all the information that a phone owner wants displayed immediately.  Avoiding the scrolling through pages of apps or rolling a ball to get through multitudes of other non-interactive phone interfaces.  The Windows 7 Phone simply has the data right in front of you, basically a phone dashboard.  From there it is easy to dive into the interactive areas of the phone. Each area of the interface of the phone is broken into hubs.  These hubs include applications, data, and other things based on a relative basis.  This basis being determined by the user.  These applications interact on many other levels, and form a kind of relationship between each other adding more and more meta-data to the phone user, their interactions between the applications, and of course the social element of their interactions on the phone.  This makes this phone a practical must have for a marketer involved in social media.  The level of wired together interaction is massive, and of course, if you've seen Office Outlook 2010 you know that the power that is pulled into the phone by being tied to Outlook is massive. Joe Belfiore also showed several UI & specifically UX elements of the phone interface that allows paging to be instinctual by simple clipped items, flipping page to page, and other excellent user experience advances for phone devices.  Belfiore's also showed how his people hub had a massive list of people, with pictures, all from various different social networks and other associated relations.  The rendering, speed, and viewing of these people's, their pictures, their social network information, and other characteristics was smooth and in some situations unbelievably rendered.  This demo showed some of the great power of the beta phone, which isn't even as powerful as the planned end device. Joe finished up by jumping into the music, videos, and other media with the Zune Component of the Windows 7 Mobile Phone.  This was all good stuff, but I'll get to what really sold me on the media element in a moment. When Joe was done, Scott Guthrie stepped back up to walk through building a Windows 7 Mobile Phone.  This is were I have to give serious props.  He built this application, in Visual Studio 2010, in front of 2000+ people.  That was cool, but what really was amazing that he build the application in about 2 minutes.  The IDE, side by side design that is standard in Visual Studio is light years ahead of x-Code or any of the iPhone IDEs.  The Windows 7 Mobile System, if it can get market penetration, poses a technologically superior development and phone platform over anything on the market right now.  The biggest problem with the phone, is it just isn't available yet.  I personally can't wait for a chance to build some apps for the new Windows Phone. Netflix, I May Start Up an Account Again! When I get my Windows 7 Phone device, I am absolutely getting a Netflix account again.  The Vertigo crew, as I wrote on Twitter "#MIX10 Props @seesharp on @netflix demo", displayed an application on the phone for Netflix that actually ran HD Video of Rescue Me (with Dennis Leary).  The video played back smooth as it would on a dedicated computer, I was instantly sold.  So this didn't actually sell me on the phone, because I'm already sold, but it did sell me whole heartedly on the media capabilities of the pending phone. Anyway, I try not to do this but I may double post today.  Lunch is over and I'm off to another session very near and dear to the heart of my occupation, Analytics Tracking.  Stay tuned and I should have that post up by the end of the day. Original Post – Check out my other blog for even more technical ramblings and reads.

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• Lessons from rewriting POP Forums for MVC, open source-like

  - by Jeff

  It has been a ton of work, interrupted over the last two years by unemployment, moving, a baby, failing to sell houses and other life events, but it's really exciting to see POP Forums v9 coming together. I'm not even sure when I decided to really commit to it as an open source project, but working on the same team as the CodePlex folks probably had something to do with it. Moving along the roadmap I set for myself, the app is now running on a quasi-production site... we launched MouseZoom last weekend. (That's a post-beta 1 build of the forum. There's also some nifty Silverlight DeepZoom goodness on that site.)I have to make a point to illustrate just how important starting over was for me. I started this forum thing for my sites in old ASP more than ten years ago. What a mess that stuff was, including SQL injection vulnerabilities and all kinds of crap. It went to ASP.NET in 2002, but even then, it felt a little too much like script. More than a year later, in 2003, I did an honest to goodness rewrite. If you've been in this business of writing code for any amount of time, you know how much you hate what you wrote a month ago, so just imagine that with seven years in between. The subsequent versions still carried a fair amount of crap, and that's why I had to start over, to make a clean break. Mind you, much of that crap is still running on some of my production sites in a stable manner, but it's a pain in the ass to maintain.So with that clean break, there is much that I have learned. These are a few of those lessons, in no particular order...Avoid shiny object syndromeOver the years, I've embraced new things without bothering to ask myself why. I remember spending the better part of a year trying to adapt this app to use the membership and profile API's in ASP.NET, just because they were there. They didn't solve any known problem. Early on in this version, I dabbled in exotic ORM's, even though I already had the fundamental SQL that I knew worked. I bloated up the client side code with all kinds of jQuery UI and plugins just because, and it got in the way. All the new shiny can be distracting, and I've come to realize that I've allowed it to be a distraction most of my professional life.Just query what you needI've spent a lot of time over-thinking how to query data. In the SQL world, this means exotic joins, special caches, the read-update-commit loop of ORM's, etc. There are times when you have to remind yourself that you aren't Facebook, you'll never be Facebook, and that databases are in fact intended to serve data. In a lot of projects, back in the day, I used to have these big, rich data objects and pass them all over the place, through various application tiers, when in reality, all I needed was some ID from the entity. I try to be mindful of how many queries hit the database on a given request, but I don't obsess over it. I just get what I need.Don't spend too much time worrying about your unit testsIf you've looked at any of the tests for POP Forums, you might offer an audible WTF. That's OK. There's a whole lot of mocking going on. In some cases, it points out where you're doing too much, and that's good for improving your design. In other cases it shows where your design sucks. But the biggest trap of unit testing is that you worry it should be prettier. That's a waste of time. When you write a test, in many cases before the production code, the important part is that you're testing the right thing. If you have to mock up a bunch of stuff to test the outcome, so be it, but it's not wasted time. You're still doing up the typical arrange-action-assert deal, and you'll be able to read that later if you need to.Get back to your HTTP rootsASP.NET Webforms did a reasonably decent job at abstracting us away from the stateless nature of the Web. A lot of people criticize it, but I think it all worked pretty well. These days, with MVC, jQuery, REST services, and what not, we've gone back to thinking about the wire. The nuts and bolts passing between our Web browser and server matters. This doesn't make things harder, in my opinion, it makes them easier. There is something incredibly freeing about how we approach development of Web apps now. HTTP is a really simple protocol, and the stuff we push through it, in particular HTML and JSON, are pretty simple too. The debugging points are really easy to trap and trace.Premature optimization is prematureI'll go back to the data thing for a moment. I've been known to look at a particular action or use case and stress about the number of calls that are made to the database. I'm not suggesting that it's a bad thing to keep these in mind, but if you worry about it outside of the context of the actual impact, you're wasting time. For example, I query the database for last read times in a forum separately of the user and the list of forums. The impact on performance barely exists. If I put it under load, exceeding the kind of load I expect, it still barely has an impact. Then consider it only counts for logged in users. The context of this "inefficient" action is that it doesn't matter. Did I mention I won't be Facebook?Solve your own problems firstThis is another trap I've fallen into. I've often thought about what other people might need for some feature or aspect of the app. In other words, I was willing to make design decisions based on non-existent data. How stupid is that? When I decided to truly open source this thing, building for myself first was a stated design goal. This app has to server the audiences of CoasterBuzz, MouseZoom and other sites first. In this development scenario, you don't have access to mountains of usability studies or user focus groups. You have to start with what you know.I'm sure there are other points I could make too. It has been a lot of fun to work on, and I look forward to evolving the UI as time goes on. That's where I hope to see more magic in the future.

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• Crash in audio resampler with some audio rates - FFMPEG PHP ( Solved! )

  - by Olaf Erlandsen

  i have a problem with this command( FFMPEG PHP ): Command: ffmpeg -i 62f76f050494f0ed6a5997967c00c0c0.wmv -ss 0 -t 99 -y -ar 44100 -async 44100 -r 29.970 -ac 2 -qscale 5 -f flv 62f76f050494f0ed6a5997967c00c0c0.flv Output: FFmpeg version 0.6.5, Copyright (c) 2000-2010 the FFmpeg developers built on Jan 29 2012 17:52:15 with gcc 4.4.5 20110214 (Red Hat 4.4.5-6) configuration: --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib64 --shlibdir=/usr/lib64 --mandir=/usr/share/man --incdir=/usr/include --disable-avisynth --extra-cflags='-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC' --enable-avfilter --enable-avfilter-lavf --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdirac --enable-libfaac --enable-libfaad --enable-libfaadbin --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-librtmp --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora --enable-libx264 --enable-gpl --enable-nonfree --enable-postproc --enable-pthreads --enable-shared --enable-swscale --enable-vdpau --enable-version3 --enable-x11grab libavutil 50.15. 1 / 50.15. 1 libavcodec 52.72. 2 / 52.72. 2 libavformat 52.64. 2 / 52.64. 2 libavdevice 52. 2. 0 / 52. 2. 0 libavfilter 1.19. 0 / 1.19. 0 libswscale 0.11. 0 / 0.11. 0 libpostproc 51. 2. 0 / 51. 2. 0 [asf @ 0xe81670]max_analyze_duration reached Input #0, asf, from '/var/www/resources/tmp/62f76f050494f0ed6a5997967c00c0c0.wmv': Metadata: WMFSDKVersion : 12.0.7601.17514 WMFSDKNeeded : 0.0.0.0000 IsVBR : 0 Duration: 00:00:50.87, bitrate: 2467 kb/s Stream #0.0: Audio: wmapro, 44100 Hz, stereo, flt, 256 kb/s Stream #0.1: Video: vc1, yuv420p, 950x460 [PAR 1:1 DAR 95:46], 25 fps, 25 tbr, 1k tbn, 25 tbc Output #0, flv, to '/var/www/resources/media/62f76f050494f0ed6a5997967c00c0c0.flv': Metadata: encoder : Lavf52.64.2 Stream #0.0: Video: flv, yuv420p, 950x460 [PAR 1:1 DAR 95:46], q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 1k tbn, 29.97 tbc Stream #0.1: Audio: libmp3lame, 11025 Hz, stereo, s16, 64 kb/s Stream mapping: Stream #0.1 -> #0.0 Stream #0.0 -> #0.1 Press [q] to stop encoding frame= 72 fps= 0 q=5.0 size= 0kB time=10.91 bitrate= 0.0kbits/s Multiple frames in a packet from stream 0 Warning, using s16 intermediate sample format for resampling frame= 141 fps=139 q=5.0 size= 103kB time=8.15 bitrate= 103.2kbits/s frame= 220 fps=144 q=5.0 size= 875kB time=10.92 bitrate= 656.6kbits/s frame= 290 fps=143 q=5.0 size= 1525kB time=13.74 bitrate= 909.1kbits/s frame= 356 fps=141 q=5.0 size= 2153kB time=15.99 bitrate=1103.1kbits/s frame= 427 fps=141 q=5.0 size= 2847kB time=18.70 bitrate=1247.0kbits/s frame= 497 fps=141 q=5.0 size= 3771kB time=21.16 bitrate=1460.0kbits/s frame= 575 fps=142 q=5.0 size= 4695kB time=24.61 bitrate=1563.0kbits/s frame= 639 fps=141 q=5.0 size= 5301kB time=26.80 bitrate=1620.2kbits/s frame= 703 fps=139 q=5.0 size= 5829kB time=29.36 bitrate=1626.2kbits/s frame= 774 fps=139 q=5.0 size= 6659kB time=32.39 bitrate=1684.0kbits/s frame= 842 fps=139 q=5.0 size= 7915kB time=35.27 bitrate=1838.6kbits/s frame= 911 fps=139 q=5.0 size= 9011kB time=37.98 bitrate=1943.4kbits/s frame= 975 fps=138 q=5.0 size= 9788kB time=40.59 bitrate=1975.3kbits/s frame= 1041 fps=138 q=5.0 size= 10904kB time=43.83 bitrate=2037.9kbits/s frame= 1115 fps=138 q=5.0 size= 11795kB time=46.24 bitrate=2089.8kbits/s frame= 1183 fps=138 q=5.0 size= 12678kB time=48.74 bitrate=2130.7kbits/s frame= 1247 fps=137 q=5.0 size= 13964kB time=51.36 bitrate=2227.5kbits/s frame= 1271 fps=136 q=5.0 Lsize= 15865kB time=58.86 bitrate=2208.1kbits/s video:15366kB audio:462kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead 0.238956% Problem: Warning, using s16 intermediate sample format for resampling I've also tried changing the parameter From -ar 44100 to -ar 11025 Thanks! Solution: Read this link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MP3#Bit_rate

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• Issue in setting up VPN connection (IKEv1) using android (ICS vpn client) with Strongswan 4.5.0 server

  - by Kushagra Bhatnagar

  I am facing issues in setting up VPN connection(IKEv1) using android (ICS vpn client) and Strongswan 4.5.0 server. Below is the set up: Strongswan server is running on ubuntu linux machine which is connected to some wifi hotspot. Using the steps in this guide link, I generated CA, server and client certificate. Once certificates are generated, following (clientCert.p12 and caCert.pem) are sent to mobile via mail and installed on android device. Below are the ip addresses assigned to various interfaces Linux server wlan0 interface ip where server is running: 192.168.43.212, android device eth0 interface ip address: 192.168.43.62; Android device is also attached with the same wifi hotspot. On the Android device, I uses IPsec Xauth RSA option for setting up VPN authentication configuration. I am using the following ipsec.conf configuration: # basic configuration config setup plutodebug=all # crlcheckinterval=600 # strictcrlpolicy=yes # cachecrls=yes nat_traversal=yes # charonstart=yes plutostart=yes # Add connections here. # Sample VPN connections conn ios1 keyexchange=ikev1 authby=xauthrsasig xauth=server left=%defaultroute leftsubnet=0.0.0.0/0 leftfirewall=yes leftcert=serverCert.pem right=192.168.43.62 rightsubnet=10.0.0.0/24 rightsourceip=10.0.0.2 rightcert=clientCert.pem pfs=no auto=add      With the above configurations when I enable VPN on android device, VPN connection is not successful and it gets timed out in Authentication phase. I ran wireshark on both the android device and strongswan server, from the tcpdump below are the observations. Initially Identity Protection (Main mode) exchanges happens between device and server and all are successful. After all successful Identity Protection (Main mode) exchanges server is sending Transaction (Config mode) to device. In reply android device is sending Informational message instead of Transaction (Config mode) message. Further server is keep on sending Transaction (Config mode) message and device is again sending Identity Protection (Main mode) messages. Finally timeout happens and connection fails. I also capture Strongswan server logs and below are the snippets from the server logs which also verifies the same(described above). Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | **parse ISAKMP Message: Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | initiator cookie: Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | 06 fd 61 b8 86 82 df ed Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | responder cookie: Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | 73 7a af 76 74 f0 39 8b Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | next payload type: ISAKMP_NEXT_HASH Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | ISAKMP version: ISAKMP Version 1.0 Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | exchange type: ISAKMP_XCHG_INFO Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | flags: ISAKMP_FLAG_ENCRYPTION Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | message ID: a2 80 ad 82 Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | length: 92 Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | ICOOKIE: 06 fd 61 b8 86 82 df ed Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | RCOOKIE: 73 7a af 76 74 f0 39 8b Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | peer: c0 a8 2b 3e Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | state hash entry 25 Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | state object not found Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: packet from 192.168.43.62:500: Informational Exchange is for an unknown (expired?) SA Apr 27 21:09:40 Linux pluto[12105]: | next event EVENT_RETRANSMIT in 10 seconds for #9 Can anyone please provide update on this issue. Why the VPN connection gets timed out and why the ISAKMP exchanges are not proper between Android and strongswan server.

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• How to prevent delays associated with IPv6 AAAA records?

  - by Nic

  Our Windows servers are registering IPv6 AAAA records with our Windows DNS servers. However, we don't have IPv6 routing enabled on our network, so this frequently causes stall behaviours. Microsoft RDP is the worst offender. When connecting to a server that has a AAAA record in DNS, the remote desktop client will try IPv6 first, and won't fall back to IPv4 until the connection times out. Power users can work around this by connecting to the IP address directly. Resolving the IPv4 address with ping -4 hostname.foo always works instantly. What can I do to avoid this delay? Disable IPv6 on client? Nope, Microsoft says IPv6 is a mandatory part of the Windows operating system. Too many clients to ensure this is set everywhere consistently. Will cause more problems later when we finally implement IPv6. Disable IPv6 on the server? Nope, Microsoft says IPv6 is a mandatory part of the Windows operating system. Requires an inconvenient registry hack to disable the entire IPv6 stack. Ensuring this is correctly set on all servers is inconvenient. Will cause more problems later when we finally implement IPv6. Mask IPv6 records on the user-facnig DNS recursor? Nope, we're using NLNet Unbound and it doesn't support that. Prevent registration of IPv6 AAAA records on the Microsoft DNS server? I don't think that's even possible. At this point, I'm considering writing a script that purges all AAAA records from our DNS zones. Please, help me find a better way. UPDATE: DNS resolution is not the problem. As @joeqwerty points out in his answer, the DNS records are returned instantly. Both A and AAAA records are immediately available. The problem is that some clients (mstsc.exe) will preferentially attempt a connection over IPv6, and take a while to fall back to IPv4. This seems like a routing problem. The ping command produces a "General failure" error message because the destination address is unroutable. C:\Windows\system32>ping myhost.mydomain Pinging myhost.mydomain [2002:1234:1234::1234:1234] with 32 bytes of data: General failure. General failure. General failure. General failure. Ping statistics for 2002:1234:1234::1234:1234: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), I can't get a packet capture of this behaviour. Running this (failing) ping command does not produce any packets in Microsoft Network Monitor. Similarly, attempting a connection with mstsc.exe to a host with an AAAA record produces no traffic until it does a fallback to IPv4. UPDATE: Our hosts are all using publicly-routable IPv4 addresses. I think this problem might come down to a broken 6to4 configuration. 6to4 behaves differently on hosts with public IP addresses vs RFC1918 addresses. UPDATE: There is definitely something fishy with 6to4 on my network. When I disable 6to4 on the Windows client, connections resolve instantly. netsh int ipv6 6to4 set state disabled But as @joeqwerty says, this only masks the problem. I'm still trying to find out why IPv6 communication on our network is completely non-working.

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• wireless internet in linux is very very slow... but in windows.... everythnings fine

  - by Cody Acer

  yesterday when i was connecting to our neighbors wifi connection which is the signal strength is below 50%, i cant browse anything... even ping to gateway. 100% packet loss, and sometimes.. i can connect awesomely i can open my facebook account for 15 minutes but after 15min.. connection is extremely slow. but not windows i can surf even the signal str is very poor weird ey??.. root@Emely:~# lspci -knn 00:00.0 Host bridge [0600]: Intel Corporation Atom Processor D4xx/D5xx/N4xx/N5xx DMI Bridge [8086:a010] Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] Kernel driver in use: agpgart-intel 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Atom Processor D4xx/D5xx/N4xx/N5xx Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:a011] Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:02.1 Display controller [0380]: Intel Corporation Atom Processor D4xx/D5xx/N4xx/N5xx Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:a012] Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] 00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family High Definition Audio Controller [8086:27d8] (rev 02) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:1c.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family PCI Express Port 1 [8086:27d0] (rev 02) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.1 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family PCI Express Port 2 [8086:27d2] (rev 02) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.2 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family PCI Express Port 3 [8086:27d4] (rev 02) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.3 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family PCI Express Port 4 [8086:27d6] (rev 02) Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1d.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family USB UHCI Controller #1 [8086:27c8] (rev 02) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd 00:1d.1 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family USB UHCI Controller #2 [8086:27c9] (rev 02) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd 00:1d.2 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family USB UHCI Controller #3 [8086:27ca] (rev 02) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd 00:1d.3 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family USB UHCI Controller #4 [8086:27cb] (rev 02) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] Kernel driver in use: uhci_hcd 00:1d.7 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family USB2 EHCI Controller [8086:27cc] (rev 02) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] Kernel driver in use: ehci-pci 00:1e.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge [8086:2448] (rev e2) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation NM10 Family LPC Controller [8086:27bc] (rev 02) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] Kernel driver in use: lpc_ich Kernel modules: lpc_ich 00:1f.2 SATA controller [0106]: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family SATA Controller [AHCI mode] [8086:27c1] (rev 02) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] Kernel driver in use: ahci Kernel modules: ahci 00:1f.3 SMBus [0c05]: Intel Corporation NM10/ICH7 Family SMBus Controller [8086:27da] (rev 02) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] Kernel modules: i2c-i801 05:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation BCM4313 802.11bgn Wireless Network Adapter [14e4:4727] (rev 01) Subsystem: Wistron NeWeb Corp. Device [185f:051a] Kernel driver in use: bcma-pci-bridge Kernel modules: bcma 09:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Marvell Technology Group Ltd. 88E8040 PCI-E Fast Ethernet Controller [11ab:4354] Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Notebook N150P [144d:c072] Kernel driver in use: sky2 Kernel modules: sky2 root@Emely:~# ip addr show 1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether e8:11:32:2e:a6:fd brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 3: wlan0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:1b:b1:a9:ac:e0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.1.108/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global wlan0 inet6 fe80::21b:b1ff:fea9:ace0/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@Emely:~# ip link show 1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether e8:11:32:2e:a6:fd brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 3: wlan0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:1b:b1:a9:ac:e0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@Emely:~# rfkill list all 0: samsung-wlan: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 1: samsung-bluetooth: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 2: hci0: Bluetooth Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no 3: phy0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no is this a wireless driver issue?

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• how does openvpn decide which interface to get IP addrs from

  - by bkrupa

  Using ubuntu 10.04 on both ends. We have a client and server machine on the SAME network attempting to make a vpn connection. We use the config files from here and made minimal changes. The server and client start and seem to connect without any trouble. The server looks like: Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 MULTI: multi_create_instance called Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Re-using SSL/TLS context Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 LZO compression initialized Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1574 D:138 EF:38 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1574 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:32 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Local Options hash (VER=V4): 'f7df56b8' Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): 'd79ca330' Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 TLS: Initial packet from 192.168.1.55:47166, sid=69112e42 5458135b *...* Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA Wed Feb 23 22:13:22 2011 192.168.1.55:47166 [client1] Peer Connection Initiated with 192.168.1.55:47166 On the client side the connection looks like: Wed Feb 23 22:20:07 2011 [server] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]192.168.1.41:1194 Wed Feb 23 22:20:10 2011 SENT CONTROL [server]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1) Wed Feb 23 22:20:10 2011 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,route-gateway 10.8.0.4,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 10.8.0.50 255.255.255.0' ... Wed Feb 23 22:20:10 2011 /sbin/ifconfig tap0 10.8.0.50 netmask 255.255.255.0 mtu 1500 broadcast 10.8.0.255 Wed Feb 23 22:20:10 2011 Initialization Sequence Completed The openvpn server has been configured to assign ip addresses in the range 10.8.0.* and the client has been given 10.8.0.50. When I run the following nmap from the client: Starting Nmap 5.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2011-02-23 22:04 EST Host 10.8.0.50 is up (0.00047s latency). Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (1 host up) scanned in 30.34 seconds Host 192.168.1.1 is up (0.0025s latency). Host 192.168.1.18 is up (0.074s latency). Host 192.168.1.41 is up (0.0024s latency). Host 192.168.1.55 is up (0.00018s latency). Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (4 hosts up) scanned in 6.33 seconds If I run an nmap from the server on 10.8.0.* I get nothing. If the client has two interfaces (wireless and tap device) when you look for a certain ip address, how does it decide which interface to connect on? edit I am trying to set up a vpn so that I can connect to my home network from a remote network. It seems like openvpn is connecting but none of the computers on my home network appear as network machines even after the connection is "Established". Stripped versions of the client and server config files are posted below. Thanks for any help you can offer. server.conf port 1194 proto udp dev tap ca /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/server.key # This file should be kept secret dh /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/dh1024.pem ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt server-bridge 10.8.0.4 255.255.255.0 10.8.0.50 10.8.0.100 keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log verb 3 client.conf client dev tap dev-node tap0901 proto udp remote ********** 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt cert client1.crt key client1.key comp-lzo verb 3 one other thing that might be helpful, I tried to connect using the openvpn gui for windows and the connection stalls out on "obtaining configuration" and the bar just scrolls forever.

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• Random Slow Response

  - by ARehman

  We have an ASP.NET MVC 1.0 application running on Windows Server 2008 – Standard (32 –bit), Dual Core Xeon (3.0 GHz), 2 G.B R.A.M. Most of the times application renders response in 3-4 seconds, but sometimes users get very late response and delay is up to 40 seconds or more than a minute. It happens in following way: User browsed a page, idle for 5, 10 or 15 minutes, tried to browse same page or some other. Now, there is a chance that he will see late response whereas the app pool is still up and running. This can happen with any arbitrary page. We have tried followings/observations. Moved the application to stand alone web server App Pool idle shutdown time is 60 minutes. There are no abrupt shut downs/restarts. CPU or memory doesn’t spike. No delays in SQL queries. Modified App Pool setting to run in classic-mode. It didn’t help. Plugged-in custom module to log all those requests which took more than 5 seconds to complete. It didn’t pick any request of interest. Enabled ‘Failed Request Tracing’ to log all those requests which take 20 or more seconds to complete. It didn’t log anything. Event Viewer, HTTPER log, W3SVC logs or WAS logs don’t indicate anything. HTTPERR only has ‘_ _ Timer_ConnectionIdle _ _’ entries. There is not much traffic to server. This can happen also if only two users are active. Next we captured TCP/IP terrific on both a user and server end with Wireshark and below are details in brief of this slowness: Browser sends a request for ~/User/Home/ (GET Request) by setting up a receiving end point using port 'wlbs(port-2504)'. I'm not sure if this could be a problem in some way that browser didn't hand-shake with the server first and assumed that last connection is still open, whereas, I browsed the same page 4 minutes ago and didn't perform any activity with site after that. If I see the HTTPERR log, it indicates that it has ‘_ _ Timer_ConnectionIdle _ _ _’ entry for my last activity with server. Browser (I was using Chrome) waits for any response from the server, doesn’t find any then starts retransmitting the same request using same end point after incrementing wait intervals, e.g. after 8, 18, 29, 40, 62, and 92 seconds. All these GET requests were received by server as well. But, server didn’t send any packet to client. Browser didn't see any response on the end point it set up in point 1, it opened a new end point 'optiwave-lm (port-2524)', did a hand shake with the server and transmitted the same request again. Server received, processed it, and returned successful response. What happened to earlier 6-7 requests? Whether they were passed on to HTTP.SYS or not? Why Failed Request Tracing not logged anything, we didn't find any clue yet. Server served the same page successfully just 4 minutes ago. Looking forward for more suggestions/solutions. -- Thanks

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• simple and reliable centralized logging inside Amazon VPC

  - by Nakedible

  I need to set up centralized logging for a set of servers (10-20) in an Amazon VPC. The logging should be as to not lose any log messages in case any single server goes offline - or in the case that an entire availability zone goes offline. It should also tolerate packet loss and other normal network conditions without losing or duplicating messages. It should store the messages durably, at the minimum on two different EBS volumes in two availability zones, but S3 is a good place as well. It should also be realtime so that the messages arrive within seconds of their generation to two different availability zones. I also need to sync logfiles not generated via syslog, so a syslog-only centralized logging solution would not fulfill all the needs, although I guess that limitation could be worked around. I have already reviewed a few solutions, and I will list them here: Flume to Flume to S3: I could set up two logservers as Flume hosts which would store log messages either locally or in S3, and configure all the servers with Flume to send all messages to both servers, using the end-to-end reliability options. That way the loss of a single server shouldn't cause lost messages and all messages would arrive in two availability zones in realtime. However, there would need to be some way to join the logs of the two servers, deduplicating all the messages delivered to both. This could be done by adding a unique id on the sending side to each message and then write some manual deduplication runs on the logfiles. I haven't found an easy solution to the duplication problem. Logstash to Logstash to ElasticSearch: I could install Logstash on the servers and have them deliver to a central server via AMQP, with the durability options turned on. However, for this to work I would need to use some of the clustering capable AMQP implementations, or fan out the deliver just as in the Flume case. AMQP seems to be a yet another moving part with several implementations and no real guidance on what works best this sort of setup. And I'm not entirely convinced that I could get actual end-to-end durability from logstash to elasticsearch, assuming crashing servers in between. The fan-out solutions run in to the deduplication problem again. The best solution that would seem to handle all the cases, would be Beetle, which seems to provide high availability and deduplication via a redis store. However, I haven't seen any guidance on how to set this up with Logstash and Redis is one more moving part again for something that shouldn't be terribly difficult. Logstash to ElasticSearch: I could run Logstash on all the servers, have all the filtering and processing rules in the servers themselves and just have them log directly to a removet ElasticSearch server. I think this should bring me reliable logging and I can use the ElasticSearch clustering features to share the database transparently. However, I am not sure if the setup actually survives Logstash restarts and intermittent network problems without duplicating messages in a failover case or similar. But this approach sounds pretty promising. rsync: I could just rsync all the relevant log files to two different servers. The reliability aspect should be perfect here, as the files should be identical to the source files after a sync is done. However, doing an rsync several times per second doesn't sound fun. Also, I need the logs to be untamperable after they have been sent, so the rsyncs would need to be in append-only mode. And log rotations mess things up unless I'm careful. rsyslog with RELP: I could set up rsyslog to send messages to two remote hosts via RELP and have a local queue to store the messages. There is the deduplication problem again, and RELP itself might also duplicate some messages. However, this would only handle the things that log via syslog. None of these solutions seem terribly good, and they have many unknowns still, so I am asking for more information here from people who have set up centralized reliable logging as to what are the best tools to achieve that goal.

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• Rebuilding CoasterBuzz, Part III: The architecture using the "Web stack of love"

  - by Jeff

  This is the third post in a series about rebuilding one of my Web sites, which has been around for 12 years. I hope to relaunch in the next month or two. More: Part I: Evolution, and death to WCF Part II: Hot data objects I finally hit a point in the re-do of CoasterBuzz where I feel like the major pieces are in place... rewritten, ported and what not, so that I can focus now on front-end design and more interesting creative problems. I've been asked on more than one occasion (OK, just twice) what's going on under the covers, so I figure this might be a good time to explain the overall architecture. As it turns out, I'm using a whole lof of the "Web stack of love," as Scott Hanselman likes to refer to it. Oh that Hanselman. First off, at the center of it all, is BizTalk. Just kidding. That's "enterprise architecture" humor, where every discussion starts with how they'll use BizTalk. Here are the bigger moving parts: It's fairly straight forward. A common library lives in a number of Web apps, all of which are (or will be) powered by ASP.NET MVC 4. They all talk to the same database. There is the main Web site, which also has the endpoint for the Silverlight-based Feed app. The cstr.bz site handles redirects, which are generated when news items are published and sent to Twitter. Facebook publishing is handled via the RSS Graffiti Facebook app. The API site handles requests from the Windows Phone app. The main site depends very heavily on POP Forums, the open source, MVC-based forum I maintain. It serves a number of functions, primarily handling users. These user objects serve in non-forum roles to handle things like news and database contributions, maintaining track records (coaster nerd for "list of rides I've been on") and, perhaps most importantly, paid club memberships. Before I get into more specifics, note that the "glue" for everything is Ninject, the dependency injection framework. I actually prefer StructureMap these days, but I started with Ninject in POP Forums a long time ago. POP Forums has a static class, PopForumsActivation, that new's up an instance of the container, and you can call it from where ever. The downside is that the forums require Ninject in your MVC app as the default dependency resolver. At some point, I'll decouple it, but for now it's not in the way. In the general sense, the entire set of apps follow a repository-service-controller-view pattern. Repos just do data access, service classes do business logic, controllers compose and route, views view. The forum also provides Scoring Game functionality. The Scoring Game is a reasonably abstract framework to award users points based on certain actions, and then award achievements when a certain number of point events happen. For example, the forum already awards a point when someone plus-one's a post you made. You can set up an achievement that says, "Give the user an award when they've had 100 posts plus'd." It also does zero-point entries into the ledger, so if you make a post, you could award an achievement based on 100 posts made. Wiring in the scoring game to CoasterBuzz functionality is just a matter of going to the Ninject container and getting an instance of the event publisher, and passing it events. Forum adapters were introduced into POP Forums a few versions ago, and they can intercept the model generated for forum topic lists and threads and designate an alternate view. These are used to make the "Day in Pictures" forum, where users can upload photos as frame-by-frame photo threads. Another adapter adds an association UI, so users can associate specific amusement parks with their trip report posts. The Silverlight-based Feed app talks to a simple JSON endpoint in the main app. This uses an underlying library I wrote ages ago, simply called Feeds, that aggregates event information. You inherit from a base class that creates instances of a publisher interface, and then use that class to send it an event type and any number of data fields. Feeds has two publishers: One is to the database, and that's used for the endpoint that talks to the Silverlight app. The second publisher publishes to Twitter, if the event is of the type "news." The wiring is a little strange, because for the new posts and topics events, I'm actually pulling out the forum repository classes from the Ninject container and replacing them with overridden methods to publish. I should probably be doing this at the service class level, but whatever. It's my mess. cstr.bz doesn't do anything interesting. It looks up the path, and if it has a match, does a 301 redirect to the long URL. The API site just serves up JSON for the Windows Phone app. The Windows Phone app is Silverlight, of course, and there isn't much to it. It does use the control toolkit, but beyond that, it relies on a simple class that creates a Webclient and calls the server for JSON to deserialize. The same class is now used by the Feed app, which used to use WCF. Simple is better. Data access in POP Forums is all straight SQL, because a lot of it was ported from the ASP.NET version. Most CoasterBuzz data access is handled by the Entity Framework, using the code-first model. The context class in this case does a lot of work to make sure that the table and key mapping works, since much of it breaks from the normal conventions of EF. One of the more powerful things you can do with EF, once you understand the little gotchas, is split tables by row into different entities. For example, a roller coaster photo has everything in the same row, including the metadata, the thumbnail bytes and the image itself. Obviously, if you want to get a list of photos to iterate over in a view, you don't want to get the image data. The use of navigation properties makes it easier to get just what you want. The front end includes Razor views in MVC, and jQuery is used for client-side goodness. I'm also using jQuery UI in a few places, for tabs, a dialog box and autocomplete. I'm also, tentatively, using jQuery Mobile. I've already ported most forum views to Mobile, but they need some work as v1.1 isn't finished yet. I'm not sure if I'll ship CoasterBuzz with mobile views or not yet. It's on the radar, but not something in my delivery criteria. That covers all of the big frameworks in play. Next time I hope to talk more about the front-end experience, which to me is where most of the fun is these days. Hoping to launch in the next month or two. Getting tired of looking at the old site!

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• SQL University: What and why of database refactoring

  - by Mladen Prajdic

  This is a post for a great idea called SQL University started by Jorge Segarra also famously known as SqlChicken on Twitter. It’s a collection of blog posts on different database related topics contributed by several smart people all over the world. So this week is mine and we’ll be talking about database testing and refactoring. In 3 posts we’ll cover: SQLU part 1 - What and why of database testing SQLU part 2 - What and why of database refactoring SQLU part 3 - Tools of the trade This is a second part of the series and in it we’ll take a look at what database refactoring is and why do it. Why refactor a database To know why refactor we first have to know what refactoring actually is. Code refactoring is a process where we change module internals in a way that does not change that module’s input/output behavior. For successful refactoring there is one crucial thing we absolutely must have: Tests. Automated unit tests are the only guarantee we have that we haven’t broken the input/output behavior before refactoring. If you haven’t go back ad read my post on the matter. Then start writing them. Next thing you need is a code module. Those are views, UDFs and stored procedures. By having direct table access we can kiss fast and sweet refactoring good bye. One more point to have a database abstraction layer. And no, ORM’s don’t fall into that category. But also know that refactoring is NOT adding new functionality to your code. Many have fallen into this trap. Don’t be one of them and resist the lure of the dark side. And it’s a strong lure. We developers in general love to add new stuff to our code, but hate fixing our own mistakes or changing existing code for no apparent reason. To be a good refactorer one needs discipline and focus. Now we know that refactoring is all about changing inner workings of existing code. This can be due to performance optimizations, changing internal code workflows or some other reason. This is a typical black box scenario to the outside world. If we upgrade the car engine it still has to drive on the road (preferably faster) and not fly (no matter how cool that would be). Also be aware that white box tests will break when we refactor. What to refactor in a database Refactoring databases doesn’t happen that often but when it does it can include a lot of stuff. Let us look at a few common cases. Adding or removing database schema objects Adding, removing or changing table columns in any way, adding constraints, keys, etc… All of these can be counted as internal changes not visible to the data consumer. But each of these carries a potential input/output behavior change. Dropping a column can result in views not working anymore or stored procedure logic crashing. Adding a unique constraint shows duplicated data that shouldn’t exist. Foreign keys break a truncate table command executed from an application that runs once a month. All these scenarios are very real and can happen. With the proper database abstraction layer fully covered with black box tests we can make sure something like that does not happen (hopefully at all). Changing physical structures Physical structures include heaps, indexes and partitions. We can pretty much add or remove those without changing the data returned by the database. But the performance can be affected. So here we use our performance tests. We do have them, right? Just by adding a single index we can achieve orders of magnitude performance improvement. Won’t that make users happy? But what if that index causes our write operations to crawl to a stop. again we have to test this. There are a lot of things to think about and have tests for. Without tests we can’t do successful refactoring! Fixing bad code We all have some bad code in our systems. We usually refer to that code as code smell as they violate good coding practices. Examples of such code smells are SQL injection, use of SELECT *, scalar UDFs or cursors, etc… Each of those is huge code smell and can result in major code changes. Take SELECT * from example. If we remove a column from a table the client using that SELECT * statement won’t have a clue about that until it runs. Then it will gracefully crash and burn. Not to mention the widely unknown SELECT * view refresh problem that Tomas LaRock (@SQLRockstar on Twitter) and Colin Stasiuk (@BenchmarkIT on Twitter) talk about in detail. Go read about it, it’s informative. Refactoring this includes replacing the * with column names and most likely change to application using the database. Breaking apart huge stored procedures Have you ever seen seen a stored procedure that was 2000 lines long? I have. It’s not pretty. It hurts the eyes and sucks the will to live the next 10 minutes. They are a maintenance nightmare and turn into things no one dares to touch. I’m willing to bet that 100% of time they don’t have a single test on them. Large stored procedures (and functions) are a clear sign that they contain business logic. General opinion on good database coding practices says that business logic has no business in the database. That’s the applications part. Refactoring such behemoths requires writing lots of edge case tests for the stored procedure input/output behavior and then start to refactor it. First we split the logic inside into smaller parts like new stored procedures and UDFs. Those then get called from the master stored procedure. Once we’ve successfully modularized the database code it’s best to transfer that logic into the applications consuming it. This only leaves the stored procedure with common data manipulation logic. Of course this isn’t always possible so having a plethora of performance and behavior unit tests is absolutely necessary to confirm we’ve actually improved the codebase in some way.   Refactoring is not a popular chore amongst developers or managers. The former don’t like fixing old code, the latter can’t see the financial benefit. Remember how we talked about being lousy at estimating future costs in the previous post? But there comes a time when it must be done. Hopefully I’ve given you some ideas how to get started. In the last post of the series we’ll take a look at the tools to use and an example of testing and refactoring.

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• IP address reuse on macvlan devices

  - by Alex Bubnoff

  I'm trying to create easy to use and possibly simple testing environment for some product and got some strange behaviour of macvlan's. What I'm trying to achieve: make a toolset for one-line start/stop of lxc containers(via docker) bound to external ip(I have enough of it on host machine). So, I'm doing something like this: docker run -d -name=container_name container_image pipework eth1 container_name ip/prefix_len@gateway and pipework here does this: GUEST_IFNAME=ph$NSPID$eth1 ip link add link eth1 dev $GUEST_IFNAME type macvlan mode bridge ip link set eth1 up ip link set $GUEST_IFNAME netns $NSPID ip netns exec $NSPID ip link set $GUEST_IFNAME name eth1 ip netns exec $NSPID ip addr add $IPADDR dev eth1 ip netns exec $NSPID ip route delete default ip netns exec $NSPID ip link set eth1 up ip netns exec $NSPID ip route replace default via $GATEWAY ip netns exec $NSPID arping -c 1 -A -I eth1 $IPADDR And it works for first time per IP. But for second time and later packets for containers IP isn't getting into container, while all configuration seem fine. So it looks like this: External machine ? ping 212.76.131.212 ....silence.... Host machine root@ubuntu:~# ip link show eth1 2: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:15:17:c9:e1:c9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# ip addr show eth1 2: eth1: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:15:17:c9:e1:c9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# tcpdump -v -i eth1 icmp tcpdump: WARNING: eth1: no IPv4 address assigned tcpdump: listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes 00:00:46.542042 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9623, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2345, length 64 00:00:47.549969 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9624, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2346, length 64 00:00:48.558143 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9625, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2347, length 64 00:00:49.566319 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9626, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2348, length 64 00:00:50.573999 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 60, id 9627, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) 5.134.221.98 212.76.131.212: ICMP echo request, id 6718, seq 2349, length 64 ^C 5 packets captured 5 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel 1 packet dropped by interface Host machine, netns of container root@ubuntu:~# ip netns exec 32053 ip link show eth1 48: eth1@if2: mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/ether b2:12:f7:cc:a1:9d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff root@ubuntu:~# ip netns exec 32053 ip addr show eth1 48: eth1@if2: mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/ether b2:12:f7:cc:a1:9d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 212.76.131.212/29 scope global eth1 inet6 fe80::b012:f7ff:fecc:a19d/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever root@ubuntu:~# ip netns exec 32053 tcpdump -v -i eth1 icmp tcpdump: listening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 65535 bytes ....silence.... ^C 0 packets captured 0 packets received by filter 0 packets dropped by kernel So, can anyone say, what can it be? Can this be caused by not a bug in macvlan implementation? Is there any tools I can use to debug that configuration?

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• Samba with remote LDAP authentication doesn`t see users properly

  - by LucasBr

  I'm trying to setup a samba server authenticated by a remote LDAP server, and I'm having some problems that I can't figure how to solve. I was able to make an getent passwd at samba server and I could see all users at ldapserver, but when I tried to access \\SAMBASERVER at my windows box I had this at the /var/log/samba/log.mywindowsbox: <...snip...> [2012/10/19 13:05:22.449684, 2] smbd/sesssetup.c:1413(setup_new_vc_session) setup_new_vc_session: New VC == 0, if NT4.x compatible we would close all old resources. [2012/10/19 13:05:22.449692, 3] smbd/sesssetup.c:1212(reply_sesssetup_and_X_spnego) Doing spnego session setup [2012/10/19 13:05:22.449701, 3] smbd/sesssetup.c:1254(reply_sesssetup_and_X_spnego) NativeOS=[] NativeLanMan=[] PrimaryDomain=[] [2012/10/19 13:05:22.449717, 3] libsmb/ntlmssp.c:747(ntlmssp_server_auth) Got user=[lucas] domain=[BUSINESS] workstation=[MYWINDOWSBOX] len1=24 len2=24 [2012/10/19 13:05:22.449747, 3] auth/auth.c:216(check_ntlm_password) check_ntlm_password: Checking password for unmapped user [BUSINESS]\[lucas]@[MYWINDOWSBOX] with the new password interface [2012/10/19 13:05:22.449759, 3] auth/auth.c:219(check_ntlm_password) check_ntlm_password: mapped user is: [SAMBASERVER]\[lucas]@[MYWINDOWSBOX] [2012/10/19 13:05:22.449773, 3] smbd/sec_ctx.c:210(push_sec_ctx) push_sec_ctx(0, 0) : sec_ctx_stack_ndx = 1 [2012/10/19 13:05:22.449783, 3] smbd/uid.c:429(push_conn_ctx) push_conn_ctx(0) : conn_ctx_stack_ndx = 0 [2012/10/19 13:05:22.449791, 3] smbd/sec_ctx.c:310(set_sec_ctx) setting sec ctx (0, 0) - sec_ctx_stack_ndx = 1 [2012/10/19 13:05:22.449922, 2] lib/smbldap.c:950(smbldap_open_connection) smbldap_open_connection: connection opened [2012/10/19 13:05:23.001517, 3] lib/smbldap.c:1166(smbldap_connect_system) ldap_connect_system: successful connection to the LDAP server [2012/10/19 13:05:23.007713, 3] smbd/sec_ctx.c:418(pop_sec_ctx) pop_sec_ctx (0, 0) - sec_ctx_stack_ndx = 0 [2012/10/19 13:05:23.007733, 3] auth/auth_sam.c:399(check_sam_security) check_sam_security: Couldn't find user 'lucas' in passdb. [2012/10/19 13:05:23.007743, 2] auth/auth.c:314(check_ntlm_password) check_ntlm_password: Authentication for user [lucas] -> [lucas] FAILED with error NT_STATUS_NO_SUCH_USER [2012/10/19 13:05:23.007760, 3] smbd/error.c:80(error_packet_set) error packet at smbd/sesssetup.c(111) cmd=115 (SMBsesssetupX) NT_STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE [2012/10/19 13:05:23.010469, 3] smbd/process.c:1489(process_smb) Transaction 3 of length 142 (0 toread) <...snip...> /etc/samba/smb.conf file follows: [global] dos charset = 850 unix charset = LOCALE workgroup = BUSINESS netbios name = SAMBASERVER bind interfaces only = true interfaces = lo eth0 eth1 smb ports = 139 hosts deny = All hosts allow = 192.168.78. 192.168.255. 127.0.0.1 10.149.122. 192.168.0. name resolve order = wins bcast hosts log level = 3 syslog = 0 log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m max log size = 100000 domain logons = No wins support = Yes wins proxy = No client ntlmv2 auth = Yes lanman auth = Yes ntlm auth = Yes dns proxy = Yes time server = Yes security = user encrypt passwords = Yes obey pam restrictions = Yes ldap password sync = Yes unix password sync = Yes passdb backend = ldapsam:"ldap://192.168.78.206" ldap ssl = off ldap admin dn = uid=root,ou=Users,dc=business,dc=intranet ldap suffix = ldap group suffix = ou=Groups ldap user suffix = ou=Users ldap machine suffix = ou=Computers ldap idmap suffix = ou=Idmap ldap delete dn = Yes add user script = /usr/sbin/smbldap-useradd -m "%u" delete user script = /usr/sbin/smbldap-userdel "%u" add group script = /usr/sbin/smbldap-groupadd -p "%g" delete group script = /usr/sbin/smbldap-groupdel "%g" add user to group script = /usr/sbin/smbldap-groupmod -m "%u" "%g" delete user from group script = /usr/sbin/smbldap-groupmod -x "%u" "%g" set primary group script = /usr/sbin/smbldap-usermod -g "%g" "%u" add machine script = /usr/sbin/smbldap-useradd -W -t5 "%u" idmap backend = ldap:"ldap://192.168.78.206" idmap uid = 16777216-33554431 idmap gid = 16777216-33554431 load printers = No printcap name = /dev/null map acl inherit = Yes map untrusted to domain = Yes enable privileges = Yes veto files = /lost+found/ /publicftp/ So, \\SAMBASERVER says he couldn't find my user, but I can see it by getent passwd . What I can do in order to SAMBASERVER see and authenticate my user? Thanks in advance!

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• Outlook 2007 Does Not Accept Login Credentials, OWA Webmail Does. Troubleshooting Advice?

  - by Chris

  I am trying to connect Outlook 2007 to Exchange (Hosted Exchange from Rackspace). Soon, I will need to roll this out for our entire office. With the Exchange account added to Outlook, Outlook starts up and asks for the user's username and password. Unfortunately, it doesn't like the password I use for it. I can confirm this username (email address) and password combo works by using Outlook WebMail, and another user (in another network/office) confirmed the Exchange account does work within his Outlook client. In my network/office, I can confirm that an Outlook 2007 client (under Windows 7) can connect to the Hosted Exchange server from Rackspace. However, I have not been able to get Outlook 2007 (under Windows XP SP3) to connect to the very same Exchange server Outlook 2007 (under Windows 7) can connect to. Outlook continuously prompts me for the username and password and does not accept the correct combination. Now, regarding the Outlook client that cannot connect/login to Exchange: The user has full admin rights on the workstation We do not run a domain controller/LDAP The firewall on the workstation has been disabled Real time file scanning in Microsoft Security Essentials has been disabled There are no virus scanning applications that would interface with Outlook or an email server. The Exchange account is setup to run on a newly created Outlook profile The network firewall does not log any blocked attempts A packet capture at the router reveals communication between the workstation and the Exchange server or proxy (though, this is SSL encrypted, so I don't know what the computers are saying) I have applied a fix (Added DWORD value of 0 for DefConnectOpts under HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office\12.0\Outlook\RPC) that was recommended to make RPC function when the workstation does not have a default gateway set. Workstation is configured as DHCP. This fix did nothing, and it may be worth noting the RPC subkey was not present until I added it. RPC service is running on the workstation The program is not running under any compatibility mode. Side note: Outlook 2007 installs with compatibility mode for XP enabled by default in windows 7. Outlook 2007 will not even try to connect to exchange if this compatibility mode is checked. In windows xp, I tried checking compatibility mode for windows 2000, and was unable to connect to exchange as well. Here is the specific configuration I've used in a blank outlook profile: Microsoft Exchange Server: ##MASKED##-MBX-C18.mex07a.mlsrvr.com Username: (Full Email Address: [email protected]) Password: ##MASKED## Outlook Anywhere: Connect to Microsoft Exchange using HTTP Exchange Proxy Settings: Proxy Server: mex07a.emailsrvr.com Check "Connect using SSL only" Under "Only connect to proxy servers...", enter: msstd:mex07a.emailsrvr.com Check "On fast networks, connect using HTTP first, then connect using TCP/IP" Check "On slow networks, connect using HTTP first, then connect using TCP/IP" Proxy authentication settings: Basic Authentication Notes: mex07a.mlsrvr.com and mex07a.emailsrvr.com may look incorrect at first glance, but this is not a typo - these instructions were handed down from rackspace and are confirmed to be working, just not on this workstation. I have tried to use the RpcPing utility but must have been using it wrong. I got as far as "Bad Interface Descriptor". It would seem to me getting Outlook and Exchange to work together would be a breeze, especially since everything is done over port 80 with web services. Unfortunately, the user is stuck with WebMail access only, because Outlook won't accept the Exchange credentials. Do you have any ideas of other things I could try to debug this issue further? Any and all help is greatly appreciated. Thank you! -Chris

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• udp through nat

  - by youllknow

  Hi everyone! I've two private networks (each of them behind a typical dsl router). The routers are connected to the WWW. The extern interface of each router have one dynamic IP address. I want to stream data via UDP directly between one client in private network A and one client in private network B. I've already tried a lot of things (see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UDP_hole_punching, or STUN). But it wasn't possible for me to transfer data between the two clients. It's possible to use a server (located in the WWW, with static IP) to transfer the extern IPs (and extern ports) from the routers between the clients. So imagine client A knows client B's external IP and client B's external port assigned by his router. I simply tried sending UDP packet to the receivers external IP/port combination, but without any result. So does anyone know what do to communicate via UDP throw the two NAT routers? It must be possible??? Or does Skype, for example, not directly communicate between the clients when the call eachother (voice over ip). I am sorry for my bad English! If something is confusing don't mind asking me!!! Thanks for your help in advance. ::::EDIT:::: I can't get pwnat or chownat working. I tried it with my own dsl-gateway - didn't work. Then I set up a complete virtual environment using VMWare. C1 (Client 1, WinXP Prof SP3): 172.16.16.100/24, GW 172.16.16.1 C2 (Client 2, WinXP Prof SP3): 10.0.0.100/24, GW 10.0.0.1 C3 (Client 3, WinXP Prof SP3): 3.0.0.2/24, GW 3.0.0.1 S1 (Ubuntu 10.04 x64 Server): eth0: 172.16.16.1/24, eth1: 1.0.0.2/24 GW 1.0.0.1 S2 (Ubuntu 10.04 x64 Server): eth0: 10.0.0.1/24, eth1: 2.0.0.2/24 GW 2.0.0.1 S3 (Ubuntu 10.04 x64 Server): eth0: 1.0.0.1/24, eth1: 2.0.0.1/24, eth2: 3.0.0.1/24 +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+ |C1|-----|S1|-----|S3|-----|S2|-----|C2| +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+ +--+ | +--+ |C3| +--+ Server S1 and S2 provide NAT functionality. (they have routing enabled and provide a firewall, which allows trafic from the internal net and provide the nat functionality) Server S3 has routing enabled. The client firewalls are turned off. C1 and C2 are able to ping C3, e.g. visit C3's webserver. They are also able to send UDP Packets to C3 (C3 successful receives them)! C1 and C2 have also webservers running for test reasons. I run ""chownat -s 80 2.0.0.2"" at C1, and ""chownat -c 8000 1.0.0.2"" at C2. Then I tried to access the Webpage from C1 via webbrower localhost at port 8000. It didn't work. Can anybody help me? Any suggestions? If you have any questions to my question, please ask!

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• SNTP, why do you mock me?!

  - by Matthew

  --- SOLVED SEE EDIT 5 --- My w2k3 pdc is configured as an authoritative time server. Other servers on the domain are able to sync with it if I manually specify it in the peer list. By if I try to sync from flags 'domhier', it wont resync; I get the error message The computer did not resync because no time data was available. I can only think that it is not querying the pdc. I also tried setting the registry as shown here (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/193825). But no luck (I have not restarted the server, I am hoping I wont have to since it is the pdc) If you would like any further information on my config, please let me know. Edit 1: I have set the w32time service config AnnouceFlags to 0x05 as documented here www.krr.org/microsoft/authoritative_time_servers.php and a number of other places. The PDC syncs to an external time source (ntp). I can get the stripchart on the client from the pdc no problems. The loginserver for the host I am trying to configure is shown as the pdc. Edit 2: The packet capture has revealed something interesting. The client is contacting the correct server, and getting a valid response but I still get the same error message. Here is the NTP excerpt from the client to the server Flags: 11.. .... = Leap Indicator: alarm condition (clock not synchronized) (3) ..01 1... = Version number: NTP Version 3 (3) .... .011 = Mode: client (3) Peer Clock Stratum: unspecified or unavailable (0) Peer Polling Interval: 10 (1024 sec) Peer Clock Precision: 0.015625 sec Root Delay: 0.0000 sec Root Dispersion: 1.0156 sec Reference Clock ID: NULL Reference Clock Update Time: Sep 1, 2010 05:29:39.8170 UTC Originate Time Stamp: NULL Receive Time Stamp: NULL Transmit Time Stamp: Nov 8, 2010 01:44:44.1450 UTC Key ID: DC080000 Here is the reply NTP excerpt from the server to the client Flags: 0x1c 00.. .... = Leap Indicator: no warning (0) ..01 1... = Version number: NTP Version 3 (3) .... .100 = Mode: server (4) Peer Clock Stratum: secondary reference (3) Peer Polling Interval: 10 (1024 sec) Peer Clock Precision: 0.00001 sec Root Delay: 0.1484 sec Root Dispersion: 0.1060 sec Reference Clock ID: 192.189.54.17 Reference Clock Update Time: Nov 8,2010 01:18:04.6223 UTC Originate Time Stamp: Nov 8, 2010 01:44:44.1450 UTC Receive Time Stamp: Nov 8, 2010 01:46:44.1975 UTC Transmit Time Stamp: Nov 8, 2010 01:46:44.1975 UTC Key ID: 00000000 Edit 3: dumpreg for paramters on pdc Value Name Value Type Value Data ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ServiceMain REG_SZ SvchostEntry_W32Time ServiceDll REG_EXPAND_SZ C:\WINDOWS\system32\w32time.dll NtpServer REG_SZ bhvmmgt01.domain.com,0x1 Type REG_SZ AllSync and config Value Name Value Type Value Data -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LastClockRate REG_DWORD 156249 MinClockRate REG_DWORD 155860 MaxClockRate REG_DWORD 156640 FrequencyCorrectRate REG_DWORD 4 PollAdjustFactor REG_DWORD 5 LargePhaseOffset REG_DWORD 50000000 SpikeWatchPeriod REG_DWORD 900 HoldPeriod REG_DWORD 5 LocalClockDispersion REG_DWORD 10 EventLogFlags REG_DWORD 2 PhaseCorrectRate REG_DWORD 7 MinPollInterval REG_DWORD 6 MaxPollInterval REG_DWORD 10 UpdateInterval REG_DWORD 100 MaxNegPhaseCorrection REG_DWORD -1 MaxPosPhaseCorrection REG_DWORD -1 AnnounceFlags REG_DWORD 5 MaxAllowedPhaseOffset REG_DWORD 300 FileLogSize REG_DWORD 10000000 FileLogName REG_SZ C:\Windows\Temp\w32time.log FileLogEntries REG_SZ 0-300 Edit 4: Here are some notables from the ntp log file on the pdc. ReadConfig: failed. Use default one 'TimeJumpAuditOffset'=0x00007080 DomainHierachy: we are now the domain root. ClockDispln: we're a reliable time service with no time source: LS: 0, TN: 864000000000, WAIT: 86400000 Edit 5: F&^%ING SOLVED! Ok so I was reading about people with similar problems, some mentioned w32time server settings applied by GPO, but I tested this early on and there were no settings applied to this service by gpo. Others said that the reporting software may not be picking up some old gpo settings applied. So I searched the registry for all w32time instaces. I came across an interesting key that indicated there may be some other ntp software running on the server. Sure enough, I look through the installed software list and there the little F*&%ER is. Uninstalled and now working like a dream. FFFFFFFUUUUUUUUUUUU

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