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• VPS 512 MB RAM with WordPressMU comes to consumes lots of memory

  - by CAPitalZ

  I have googled for days and gathered all optimization suggestions and tried. My sites are not getting any high hits. May be like 100 hits per day [all my sites combined]. Here are my specs I have 512 MB RAM VPS with burstable 1024 MB. Centos 5 32-bit & cPanel/WHM Apache 2.2 MySQL 5.0 PHP 5.3.2 Here is my Configs I have 2 WordPressMU production sites, and 1 test site my.cnf # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients [client] #password = your_password port = 3306 socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Here follows entries for some specific programs # The MySQL server [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock skip-locking skip-bdb skip-innodb key_buffer = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M #CAPitalZ thread_cache_size=8 thread_concurrency=4 #query_cache_type=1 #query_cache_limit=1M query_cache_size=16M concurrent_insert=2 low_priority_updates=1 max_connections=50 tmp_table_size=16M max_heap_table_size=16M join_buffer_size=1M interactive_timeout=25 wait_timeout=1000 #connect_timout=10 not able to restart mysql max_connect_errors=10 # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! # skip-networking # Disable Federated by default skip-federated # Replication Master Server (default) # binary logging is required for replication log-bin=mysql-bin # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set # but will not function as a master if omitted server-id = 1 [mysqld_safe] open_files_limit=8192 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL #safe-updates [isamchk] key_buffer = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [myisamchk] key_buffer = 20M sort_buffer_size = 20M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout httpd.conf I have unselected many modules and recompiled using EasyApache in WHM. Only have the following modules built Deflate Expires Fileprotect Imagemap MPM Prefork Version [default] EAccelerator for PHP Bcmath Calendar CurlSSL [I'm using Curl. But I don't have any https sites] Expat GD [for image cropping] Gettext Imap Mbregex [default] Mbstring [need both Mbregex and Mbstring for utf-8] Mysql of the system MySQL "Improved" extension. Sockets TTF (FreeType) [I'm using custom font] Zlib Under Global Configuration I only have FollowSymLinks enabled I Have TraceEnable, ServerSignature, FileETag OFF ServerTokens ProductOnly DirectoryIndex Priority has index.php as the first one I have removed Clamd [Clam Anti-virus] SpamAssasin is Off Under Tweak Settings Default catch-all/default address behavior for new accounts. This is set to "fail" All stats programs turned off I have eAccelerator installed and checked in phpinfo and its working [Pre VirtualHost Include under WHM] Timeout 20 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 200 KeepAliveTimeout 3 MinSpareServers 1 MaxSpareServers 3 StartServers 1 ServerLimit 50 MaxClients 50 MaxRequestsPerChild 4000 ExtendedStatus Off #ServerType standalone this throws error HostnameLookups Off <Directory "/"> AllowOverride None </Directory> My sites will take ages to load and WHM/CPanel will not even load. adadaa.com/ http://adadaa.net/ kadais.ca/ My average memory consumption is like 1000 MB! [yes always bursting] The process that consumes most CPU and also most memory is mysql But I also get like 15 httpd processes [when its bursting] I already got warning from cpuwatchcheck saying "While processing, the cpu has been maxed out for more than a 6 hour period. The current load/uptime line on the server at the time of this email is 07:00:37 up 11:30, 0 users, load average: 14.64, 16.79, 20.07" I don't know, I have tried switching these config values many different times, but nothing seems to work. Please show some light... Thanks

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• REST to Objects in C#

  RESTful interfaces for web services are all the rage for many Web 2.0 sites.  If you want to consume these in a very simple fashion, LINQ to XML can do the job pretty easily in C#.  If you go searching for help on this, youll find a lot of incomplete solutions and fairly large toolkits and frameworks (guess how I know this) this quick article is meant to be a no fluff just stuff approach to making this work. POCO Objects Lets assume you have a Model that you want to suck data into from a RESTful web service.  Ideally this is a Plain Old CLR Object, meaning it isnt infected with any persistence or serialization goop.  It might look something like this: public class Entry { public int Id; public int UserId; public DateTime Date; public float Hours; public string Notes; public bool Billable;   public override string ToString() { return String.Format("[{0}] User: {1} Date: {2} Hours: {3} Notes: {4} Billable {5}", Id, UserId, Date, Hours, Notes, Billable); } } Not that this isnt a completely trivial object.  Lets look at the API for the service.  RESTful HTTP Service In this case, its TickSpots API, with the following sample output: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <entries type="array"> <entry> <id type="integer">24</id> <task_id type="integer">14</task_id> <user_id type="integer">3</user_id> <date type="date">2008-03-08</date> <hours type="float">1.00</hours> <notes>Had trouble with tribbles.</notes> <billable>true</billable> # Billable is an attribute inherited from the task <billed>true</billed> # Billed is an attribute to track whether the entry has been invoiced <created_at type="datetime">Tue, 07 Oct 2008 14:46:16 -0400</created_at> <updated_at type="datetime">Tue, 07 Oct 2008 14:46:16 -0400</updated_at> # The following attributes are derived and provided for informational purposes: <user_email>[email protected]</user_email> <task_name>Remove converter assembly</task_name> <sum_hours type="float">2.00</sum_hours> <budget type="float">10.00</budget> <project_name>Realign dilithium crystals</project_name> <client_name>Starfleet Command</client_name> </entry> </entries> Im assuming in this case that I dont necessarily care about all of the data fields the service is returning I just need some of them for my applications purposes.  Thus, you can see there are more elements in the <entry> XML than I have in my Entry class. Get The XML with C# The next step is to get the XML.  The following snippet does the heavy lifting once you pass it the appropriate URL: protected XElement GetResponse(string uri) { var request = WebRequest.Create(uri) as HttpWebRequest; request.UserAgent = ".NET Sample"; request.KeepAlive = false;   request.Timeout = 15 * 1000;   var response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;   if (request.HaveResponse == true && response != null) { var reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()); return XElement.Parse(reader.ReadToEnd()); } throw new Exception("Error fetching data."); } This is adapted from the Yahoo Developer article on Web Service REST calls.  Once you have the XML, the last step is to get the data back as your POCO. Use LINQ-To-XML to Deserialize POCOs from XML This is done via the following code: public IEnumerable<Entry> List(DateTime startDate, DateTime endDate) { string additionalParameters = String.Format("start_date={0}&end_date={1}", startDate.ToShortDateString(), endDate.ToShortDateString()); string uri = BuildUrl("entries", additionalParameters);   XElement elements = GetResponse(uri);   var entries = from e in elements.Elements() where e.Name.LocalName == "entry" select new Entry { Id = int.Parse(e.Element("id").Value), UserId = int.Parse(e.Element("user_id").Value), Date = DateTime.Parse(e.Element("date").Value), Hours = float.Parse(e.Element("hours").Value), Notes = e.Element("notes").Value, Billable = bool.Parse(e.Element("billable").Value) }; return entries; }   For completeness, heres the BuildUrl method for my TickSpot API wrapper: // Change these to your settings protected const string projectDomain = "DOMAIN.tickspot.com"; private const string authParams = "[email protected]&password=MyTickSpotPassword";   protected string BuildUrl(string apiMethod, string additionalParams) { if (projectDomain.Contains("DOMAIN")) { throw new ApplicationException("You must update your domain in ProjectRepository.cs."); } if (authParams.Contains("MyTickSpotPassword")) { throw new ApplicationException("You must update your email and password in ProjectRepository.cs."); } return string.Format("https://{0}/api/{1}?{2}&{3}", projectDomain, apiMethod, authParams, additionalParams); } Thats it!  Now go forth and consume XML and map it to classes you actually want to work with.  Have fun! Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• REST to Objects in C#

  RESTful interfaces for web services are all the rage for many Web 2.0 sites.  If you want to consume these in a very simple fashion, LINQ to XML can do the job pretty easily in C#.  If you go searching for help on this, youll find a lot of incomplete solutions and fairly large toolkits and frameworks (guess how I know this) this quick article is meant to be a no fluff just stuff approach to making this work. POCO Objects Lets assume you have a Model that you want to suck data into from a RESTful web service.  Ideally this is a Plain Old CLR Object, meaning it isnt infected with any persistence or serialization goop.  It might look something like this: public class Entry { public int Id; public int UserId; public DateTime Date; public float Hours; public string Notes; public bool Billable;   public override string ToString() { return String.Format("[{0}] User: {1} Date: {2} Hours: {3} Notes: {4} Billable {5}", Id, UserId, Date, Hours, Notes, Billable); } } Not that this isnt a completely trivial object.  Lets look at the API for the service.  RESTful HTTP Service In this case, its TickSpots API, with the following sample output: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <entries type="array"> <entry> <id type="integer">24</id> <task_id type="integer">14</task_id> <user_id type="integer">3</user_id> <date type="date">2008-03-08</date> <hours type="float">1.00</hours> <notes>Had trouble with tribbles.</notes> <billable>true</billable> # Billable is an attribute inherited from the task <billed>true</billed> # Billed is an attribute to track whether the entry has been invoiced <created_at type="datetime">Tue, 07 Oct 2008 14:46:16 -0400</created_at> <updated_at type="datetime">Tue, 07 Oct 2008 14:46:16 -0400</updated_at> # The following attributes are derived and provided for informational purposes: <user_email>[email protected]</user_email> <task_name>Remove converter assembly</task_name> <sum_hours type="float">2.00</sum_hours> <budget type="float">10.00</budget> <project_name>Realign dilithium crystals</project_name> <client_name>Starfleet Command</client_name> </entry> </entries> Im assuming in this case that I dont necessarily care about all of the data fields the service is returning I just need some of them for my applications purposes.  Thus, you can see there are more elements in the <entry> XML than I have in my Entry class. Get The XML with C# The next step is to get the XML.  The following snippet does the heavy lifting once you pass it the appropriate URL: protected XElement GetResponse(string uri) { var request = WebRequest.Create(uri) as HttpWebRequest; request.UserAgent = ".NET Sample"; request.KeepAlive = false;   request.Timeout = 15 * 1000;   var response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;   if (request.HaveResponse == true && response != null) { var reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()); return XElement.Parse(reader.ReadToEnd()); } throw new Exception("Error fetching data."); } This is adapted from the Yahoo Developer article on Web Service REST calls.  Once you have the XML, the last step is to get the data back as your POCO. Use LINQ-To-XML to Deserialize POCOs from XML This is done via the following code: public IEnumerable<Entry> List(DateTime startDate, DateTime endDate) { string additionalParameters = String.Format("start_date={0}&end_date={1}", startDate.ToShortDateString(), endDate.ToShortDateString()); string uri = BuildUrl("entries", additionalParameters);   XElement elements = GetResponse(uri);   var entries = from e in elements.Elements() where e.Name.LocalName == "entry" select new Entry { Id = int.Parse(e.Element("id").Value), UserId = int.Parse(e.Element("user_id").Value), Date = DateTime.Parse(e.Element("date").Value), Hours = float.Parse(e.Element("hours").Value), Notes = e.Element("notes").Value, Billable = bool.Parse(e.Element("billable").Value) }; return entries; }   For completeness, heres the BuildUrl method for my TickSpot API wrapper: // Change these to your settings protected const string projectDomain = "DOMAIN.tickspot.com"; private const string authParams = "[email protected]&password=MyTickSpotPassword";   protected string BuildUrl(string apiMethod, string additionalParams) { if (projectDomain.Contains("DOMAIN")) { throw new ApplicationException("You must update your domain in ProjectRepository.cs."); } if (authParams.Contains("MyTickSpotPassword")) { throw new ApplicationException("You must update your email and password in ProjectRepository.cs."); } return string.Format("https://{0}/api/{1}?{2}&{3}", projectDomain, apiMethod, authParams, additionalParams); } Thats it!  Now go forth and consume XML and map it to classes you actually want to work with.  Have fun! Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• OpenVPN Error : TLS Error: local/remote TLS keys are out of sync: [AF_INET]

  - by Lucidity

  Fist off thanks for reading this, I appreciate any and all suggestions. I am having some serious problems reconnecting to my OpenVPN client using Riseup.net's VPN. I have spent a few days banging my head against the wall in attempts to set this up on my iOS devices....but that is a whole other issue. I was however able to set it up on my Mac OS X specifically on my Windows Vista 32 bit BootCamp VM with relatively little trouble. To originally connect I only had to modify the recommended Config file very slightly (Config file included at the end of this post): - I had to enter the code directly into my config file - And change "dev tap" to "dev tun" So I was connected. (Note - I did test to ensure the VPN was actually working after I originally connected, it was. Also verified the .pem file (inserted as the coding in my config file) for authenticity). I left the VPN running. My computer went to sleep. Today I went to use the internet expecting (possibly incorrectly - I am now unsure if I was wrong to leave it running) to still be connected to the VPN. However I saw immediately I was not. I went to reconnect. And was (am) unable to. My logs after attempting to connect (and getting a connection failed dialog box) show everything working as it should (as far as I can tell) until the end where I get the following lines: Mon Sep 23 21:07:49 2013 us=276809 Initialization Sequence Completed Mon Sep 23 21:07:49 2013 us=276809 MANAGEMENT: >STATE:1379995669,CONNECTED,SUCCESS, OMITTED Mon Sep 23 21:22:50 2013 us=390350 Authenticate/Decrypt packet error: packet HMAC authentication failed Mon Sep 23 21:23:39 2013 us=862180 TLS Error: local/remote TLS keys are out of sync: [AF_INET] VPN IP OMITTED [2] Mon Sep 23 21:23:57 2013 us=395183 Authenticate/Decrypt packet error: packet HMAC authentication failed Mon Sep 23 22:07:41 2013 us=296898 TLS: soft reset sec=0 bytes=513834601/0 pkts=708032/0 Mon Sep 23 22:07:41 2013 us=671299 VERIFY OK: depth=1, C=US, O=Riseup Networks, L=Seattle, ST=WA, CN=Riseup Networks, [email protected] Mon Sep 23 22:07:41 2013 us=671299 VERIFY OK: depth=0, C=US, O=Riseup Networks, L=Seattle, ST=WA, CN=vpn.riseup.net Mon Sep 23 22:07:46 2013 us=772508 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Mon Sep 23 22:07:46 2013 us=772508 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Mon Sep 23 22:07:46 2013 us=772508 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Mon Sep 23 22:07:46 2013 us=772508 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Mon Sep 23 22:07:46 2013 us=772508 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 2048 bit RSA So I have searched for a solution online and I have included what I have attempted below, however I fear (know) I am not knowledgeable enough in this area to fix this myself. I apologize in advance for my ignorance. I do tech support for a living, but not this kind of tech support unfortunately. Other notes and troubleshooting done - - Windows Firewall is disabled completely, as well as other Anti-virus programs - Tor is disabled completely - No Proxies running - Time is correct in all locations - Router Firmware is up to date - Able to connect to the internet and as far as I can tell all necessary ports are open. - No settings have been altered since I was able to connect successfully. - Ethernet as well as wifi connections attempted, resulted in same error. Also tried adding the following lines to my config file (without success or change in error): persist-key persist-tun proto tcp (after reading that this error generally occurs on UDP connections, and is extremely rare on TCP) resolv-retry infinite (thinking the connection may have timed out since the issues occurred after leaving VPN connected during about 10 hrs of computer in sleep mode) All attempts resulted in exact same error code included at the top of this post. The original suggestions I found online stated - (regarding the TLS Error) - This error should resolve itself within 60 seconds, or if not quit wait 120 seconds and try again. (Which isnt the case here...) (regarding the Out of Sync" error) - If you continue to get "out of sync" errors and the link does not come up, then it means that something is probably wrong with your config file. You must use either ping and ping-restart on both sides of the connection, or keepalive on the server side of a client/server connection, in order to gracefully recover from "local/remote TLS keys are out of sync" errors. I wouldn't be surprised if my config file is lacking, or not correct. However I can confirm I followed the instructions to a tee. And was able to connect originally (and have not modified my settings or config file since I was able to connect to when the error began occurring). I have a very simple config file: client dev tun tun-mtu 1500 remote vpn.riseup.net auth-user-pass ca RiseupCA.pem redirect-gateway verb 4 <ca> -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- [OMITTED] -----END CERTIFICATE----- </ca> I would really appreciate any help or suggestions. I am at a total loss here, I know I'm asking a lot here. Though I am a new user on this site I help others on many forums including Microsoft's support community and especially Apple's support communities, so I will definitely pass on anything I learn here to help others. Thanks so so so much in advance for reading this.

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• PHP pages working slow from time to time

  - by user1038179

  I have VPS with limit of 2GB of ram and 8 CPU cores. I have 5 sites on that VPS (one of them is just for testing, no visitors exept me). All 5 sites are image galleries, like wallpaper sites. Last week I noticed problem on one site (main domain, used for name servers, and also with most traffic, visitors). That site has two image galleries, one is old static html gallery made few years ago and another, main, is powered by ZENPhoto CMS. Also I have that same gallery CMS on another two sites on that same VPS (on one running site and on one just for testing site). On other two sites I have diferent PHP driven gallery. Problem is that after some time (it vary from 10 minutes to few hours after apache restart), loading of pages on main site becomes very slow, or I get 503 Service Temporarily Unavailable error. So pages becomes unavailable. But just that part with new CMS gallery, old part of site with static html pages are working fast and just fine. Also other two sites with same CMS gallery and other two with different PHP driven gallery are working fine and fast at the same time. I thought it must be something with CMS on that main site, because other sites are working nice. Then I tryed to open contact and guest book pages on that main site which are outside of that CMS but also PHP pages, and they do not load too, but that same contact php scipts are working on other sites at the same time. So, when site starts to hangs, ONLY PHP generated content is not working, like I said other static pages are working. And, ONLY on that one main site I have problems. Then I need to restart Apache, after restart everything is vorking nice and fast, for some time, than again, just PHP pages on main site are becomming slower. If I do not restart apache that slowness take some time (several minutes, hours, depending ot traffic) and during that time PHP diven content is loading very slow or unavailable on that site. After sime time, on moments everything start to work and is fast again for some time, and again. In hours with more traffic PHP content is loading slowly or it is unavailable, in hours with less traffic it is sometimes fast and sometimes little bit slower than usually. And ones again, only on that main site, and only PHP driven pages, static pages are working fast even in most traffic hours also other sites with even same CMS are working fast. Currently I have about 7000 unique visitors on that site but site worked nice even with 11500 visitors per day. And about 17000 in total visitors on VPS, all sites ( about 3 pages per unique visitor). When site start to slow down sometimes in apache status I can see something like this: mod_fcgid status: Total FastCGI processes: 37 Process: php5 (/usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5)Pid Active Idle Accesses State 11300 39 28 7 Working 11274 47 28 7 Working 11296 40 29 3 Working 11283 45 30 3 Working 11304 36 31 1 Working 11282 46 32 3 Working 11292 42 33 1 Working 11289 44 34 1 Working 11305 35 35 0 Working 11273 48 36 2 Working 11280 47 39 1 Working 10125 133 40 12 Exiting(communication error) 11294 41 41 1 Exiting(communication error) 11277 47 42 2 Exiting(communication error) 11291 43 43 1 Exiting(communication error) 10187 108 43 10 Exiting(communication error) 10209 95 44 7 Exiting(communication error) 10171 113 44 5 Exiting(communication error) 11275 47 47 1 Exiting(communication error) 10144 125 48 8 Exiting(communication error) 10086 149 48 20 Exiting(communication error) 10212 94 49 5 Exiting(communication error) 10158 118 49 5 Exiting(communication error) 10169 114 50 4 Exiting(communication error) 10105 141 50 16 Exiting(communication error) 10094 146 50 15 Exiting(communication error) 10115 139 51 17 Exiting(communication error) 10213 93 51 9 Exiting(communication error) 10197 103 51 7 Exiting(communication error) Process: php5 (/usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5)Pid Active Idle Accesses State 7983 1079 2 149 Ready 7979 1079 11 151 Ready Process: php5 (/usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5)Pid Active Idle Accesses State 7990 1066 0 57 Ready 8001 1031 64 35 Ready 7999 1032 94 29 Ready 8000 1031 91 36 Ready 8002 1029 34 52 Ready Process: php5 (/usr/local/cpanel/cgi-sys/php5)Pid Active Idle Accesses State 7991 1064 29 115 Ready When it is working nicly there is no lines with "Exiting(communication error)" Active and Idle are time active and time since last request, in seconds. Here are system info. Sysem info: Total processors: 8 Processor #1 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5440 @ 2.83GHz Speed 88.320 MHz Cache 6144 KB All other seven are the same. System Information Linux vps.nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn.nnn 2.6.18-028stab099.3 #1 SMP Wed Mar 7 15:20:22 MSK 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux Current Memory Usage total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 8388608 882164 7506444 0 0 0 -/+ buffers/cache: 882164 7506444 Swap: 0 0 0 Total: 8388608 882164 7506444 Current Disk Usage Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/vzfs 100G 34G 67G 34% / none System Details: Running on: Apache/2.2.22 System info: (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.22 OpenSSL/0.9.8e-fips-rhel5 DAV/2 mod_auth_passthrough/2.1 mod_bwlimited/1.4 FrontPage/5.0.2.2635 mod_fcgid/2.3.6 Powered by: PHP/5.3.10 Current Configuration Default PHP Version (.php files) 5 PHP 5 Handler fcgi PHP 4 Handler suphp Apache suEXEC on Apache Ruid2 off PHP 4 Handler suphp Apache suEXEC on Apache Configuration The following settings have been saved: fileetag: All keepalive: On keepalivetimeout: 3 maxclients: 150 maxkeepaliverequests: 10 maxrequestsperchild: 10000 maxspareservers: 10 minspareservers: 5 root_options: ExecCGI, FollowSymLinks, Includes, IncludesNOEXEC, Indexes, MultiViews, SymLinksIfOwnerMatch serverlimit: 256 serversignature: Off servertokens: Full sslciphersuite: ALL:!ADH:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:-LOW:-SSLv2:-EXP:!kEDH startservers: 5 timeout: 30 I hope, I explained my problem nicely. Any help would be nice.

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• localhost/phpmyadmin pulls blank page

  - by Atul Modi

  When I tried configuring local machine as a Internet Gateway with website development capabilities over it and I installed all required software into it. I also had disable the selinux into it. But PROBLEM is when I do http://localhost/phpMyAdmin or all lower case than the page shows it as a blank page. I am pasting code from httpd.conf file into this as well as from phpMyAdmin.conf file I am using Fedora 16 for this. httpd.conf ServerTokens OS ServerRoot "/etc/httpd" PidFile run/httpd.pid Timeout 60 KeepAlive Off MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 5 StartServers 8 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 20 ServerLimit 256 MaxClients 256 MaxRequestsPerChild 4000 StartServers 4 MaxClients 300 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 Listen 80 LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so LoadModule authn_alias_module modules/mod_authn_alias.so LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so LoadModule authn_default_module modules/mod_authn_default.so LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so LoadModule authz_default_module modules/mod_authz_default.so LoadModule authn_dbd_module modules/mod_authn_dbd.so LoadModule dbd_module modules/mod_dbd.so LoadModule ldap_module modules/mod_ldap.so LoadModule authnz_ldap_module modules/mod_authnz_ldap.so LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so LoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.so LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so LoadModule suexec_module modules/mod_suexec.so LoadModule disk_cache_module modules/mod_disk_cache.so LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so Include conf.d/*.conf User apache Group apache ServerAdmin root@localhost UseCanonicalName Off DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all UserDir disabled DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php AccessFileName .htaccess Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy All TypesConfig /etc/mime.types DefaultType text/plain MIMEMagicFile conf/magic HostnameLookups Off ErrorLog logs/error_log LogLevel warn LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %s %b" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i - %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent CustomLog logs/access_log combined ServerSignature On Alias /icons/ "/var/www/icons/" Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all # Location of the WebDAV lock database. DAVLockDB /var/lib/dav/lockdb ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/" AllowOverride None Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all IndexOptions FancyIndexing VersionSort NameWidth=* HTMLTable Charset=UTF-8 AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/* AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/* AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/* AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/* AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exe AddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqx AddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tar AddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .iv AddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zip AddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .eps AddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdf AddIcon /icons/text.gif .txt AddIcon /icons/c.gif .c AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .py AddIcon /icons/f.gif .for AddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dvi AddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uu AddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tcl AddIcon /icons/tex.gif .tex AddIcon /icons/bomb.gif core AddIcon /icons/back.gif .. AddIcon /icons/hand.right.gif README AddIcon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^ AddIcon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^ DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif ReadmeName README.html HeaderName HEADER.html IndexIgnore .??* *~ # HEADER README* RCS CVS *,v *,t AddLanguage ca .ca AddLanguage cs .cz .cs AddLanguage da .dk AddLanguage de .de AddLanguage el .el AddLanguage en .en AddLanguage eo .eo AddLanguage es .es AddLanguage et .et AddLanguage fr .fr AddLanguage he .he AddLanguage hr .hr AddLanguage it .it AddLanguage ja .ja AddLanguage ko .ko AddLanguage ltz .ltz AddLanguage nl .nl AddLanguage nn .nn AddLanguage no .no AddLanguage pl .po AddLanguage pt .pt AddLanguage pt-BR .pt-br AddLanguage ru .ru AddLanguage sv .sv AddLanguage zh-CN .zh-cn AddLanguage zh-TW .zh-tw LanguagePriority en ca cs da de el eo es et fr he hr it ja ko ltz nl nn no pl pt pt-BR ru sv zh-CN zh-TW ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 AddType application/x-tar .tgz AddType application/x-httpd-php .php AddType application/x-httpd-php .xml AddHandler application/x-httpd-php .xml AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz AddType application/x-x509-ca-cert .crt AddType application/x-pkcs7-crl .crl AddHandler type-map var AddType text/html .shtml AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml Alias /error/ "/var/www/error/" AllowOverride None Options IncludesNoExec AddOutputFilter Includes html AddHandler type-map var Order allow,deny Allow from all LanguagePriority en ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback ErrorDocument 400 /error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var ErrorDocument 401 /error/HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED.html.var ErrorDocument 403 /error/HTTP_FORBIDDEN.html.var ErrorDocument 404 /error/HTTP_NOT_FOUND.html.var ErrorDocument 405 /error/HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.html.var ErrorDocument 408 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT.html.var ErrorDocument 500 /error/HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.html.var ErrorDocument 503 /error/HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.html.var BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepalive BrowserMatch "MSIE 4.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4.0" force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "Java/1.0" force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "JDK/1.0" force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "Microsoft Data Access Internet Publishing Provider" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "MS FrontPage" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^WebDrive" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^WebDAVFS/1.[0123]" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^gnome-vfs/1.0" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^XML Spy" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^Dreamweaver-WebDAV-SCM1" redirect-carefully Order allow,deny Allow from all # phpMyAdmin.conf Alias /phpMyAdmin /usr/share/phpMyAdmin Alias /phpmyadmin /usr/share/phpMyAdmin Order Allow,Deny Allow from All Allow from 127.0.0.1 Allow from ::1 Order Allow,Deny Allow from All Allow from 127.0.0.1 Allow from ::1 Order Deny,Allow Deny from All Allow from None Order Deny,Allow Deny from All Allow from None Order Deny,Allow Deny from All Allow from None Can anyone help into this area please. Urgent reply will be appreciatable because i am struggling since one and half month for this matter. thank you, Atul

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• How do I configure OpenVPN for accessing the internet with one NIC?

  - by Lekensteyn

  I've been trying to get OpenVPN to work for three days. After reading many questions, the HOWTO, the FAQ and even parts of a guide to Linux networking, I cannot get my an Internet connection to the Internet. I'm trying to set up a OpenVPN server on a VPS, which will be used for: secure access to the Internet bypassing port restrictions (directadmin/2222 for example) an IPv6 connection (my client does only have IPv4 connectivity, while the VPS has both IPv4 and native IPv6 connectivity) (if possible) I can connect to my server and access the machine (HTTP), but Internet connectivity fails completely. I'm using ping 8.8.8.8 for testing whether my connection works or not. Using tcpdump and iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j LOG, I can confirm that the packets reach my server. If I ping to 8.8.8.8 on the VPS, I get an echo-reply from 8.8.8.8 as expected. When pinging from the client, I do not get an echo-reply. The VPS has only one NIC: etho. It runs on Xen. Summary: I want to have a secure connection between my laptop and the Internet using OpenVPN. If that works, I want to have IPv6 connectivity as well. Network setup and software: Home laptop (eth0: 192.168.2.10) (tap0: 10.8.0.2) | | (running Kubuntu 10.10; OpenVPN 2.1.0-3ubuntu1) | wifi | router/gateway (gateway 192.168.2.1) | INTERNET | VPS (eth0:1.2.3.4) (gateway, tap0: 10.8.0.1) (running Debian 6; OpenVPN 2.1.3-2) wifi and my home router should not cause problems since all traffic goes encrypted over UDP port 1194. I've turned IP forwarding on: # echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables has been configured to allow forwarding traffic as well: iptables -F FORWARD iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -s 10.8.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -j DROP I've tried each of these rules separately without luck (flushing the chains before executing): iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j SNAT --to 1.2.3.4 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE route -n before (server): 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 route -n after (server): 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.8.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 tap0 0.0.0.0 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 route -n before (client): 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 2 0 0 wlan0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 wlan0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 wlan0 route -n after (client): 1.2.3.4 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 wlan0 10.8.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 tap0 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 2 0 0 wlan0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 wlan0 0.0.0.0 10.8.0.1 128.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tap0 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.1 128.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tap0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 wlan0 SERVER config proto udp dev tap ca ca.crt cert server.crt key server.key dh dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 push "redirect-gateway def1" ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt keepalive 10 120 tls-auth ta.key 0 comp-lzo user nobody group nobody persist-key persist-tun log-append openvpn-log verb 3 mute 10 CLIENT config dev tap proto udp remote 1.2.3.4 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt cert client.crt key client.key ns-cert-type server tls-auth ta.key 1 comp-lzo verb 3 mute 20 traceroute 8.8.8.8 works as expected (similar output without OpenVPN activated): 1 10.8.0.1 (10.8.0.1) 24.276 ms 26.891 ms 29.454 ms 2 gw03.sbp.directvps.nl (178.21.112.1) 31.161 ms 31.890 ms 34.458 ms 3 ge0-v0652.cr0.nik-ams.nl.as8312.net (195.210.57.105) 35.353 ms 36.874 ms 38.403 ms 4 ge0-v3900.cr0.nik-ams.nl.as8312.net (195.210.57.53) 41.311 ms 41.561 ms 43.006 ms 5 * * * 6 209.85.248.88 (209.85.248.88) 147.061 ms 36.931 ms 28.063 ms 7 216.239.49.36 (216.239.49.36) 31.109 ms 33.292 ms 216.239.49.28 (216.239.49.28) 64.723 ms 8 209.85.255.130 (209.85.255.130) 49.350 ms 209.85.255.126 (209.85.255.126) 49.619 ms 209.85.255.122 (209.85.255.122) 52.416 ms 9 google-public-dns-a.google.com (8.8.8.8) 41.266 ms 44.054 ms 44.730 ms If you have any suggestions, please comment or answer. Thanks in advance.

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• Nginx + Haproxy + Thin + Rails - 503 Service Unavailable -

  - by Luca G. Soave

  I don't know how troubleshoot this. I get "503 Service Unavailable" http error for all "nginx upstreams" proxy passing calls to haproxy fast_thin and slow_thin ( server 127.0.0.1:3100 and server 127.0.0.1:3200 ), which loadbalance on 6 Thin servers ( 127.0.0.1:3000 .. 3005 ). Static files like /blog are currently fine. The falldown is: nginx on port 80 - haproxy on 3100 and 3200 - thin on 3000 .. 3005 and then Rails. Here it is /etc/nginx/nginx.conf : user nginx; worker_processes 2; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; tcp_nodelay on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; } then /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf upstream fast_thin { server 127.0.0.1:3100; } upstream slow_thin { server 127.0.0.1:3200; } server { listen 80; server_name www.gitwatcher.com; rewrite ^/(.*) http://gitwatcher.com/$1 permanent; } server { listen 80; server_name gitwatcher.com; access_log /var/www/gitwatcher/log/access.log; error_log /var/www/gitwatcher/log/error.log; root /var/www/gitwatcher/public; # index index.html; location /about { proxy_pass http://fast_thin; break; } location /trends { proxy_pass http://slow_thin; break; } location /categories { proxy_pass http://slow_thin; break; } location /signout { proxy_pass http://slow_thin; break; } location /auth/github { proxy_pass http://slow_thin; break; } location / { proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; if (-f $request_filename/index.html) { rewrite (.*) $1/index.html break; } if (-f $request_filename.html) { rewrite (.*) $1.html break; } if (!-f $request_filename) { proxy_pass http://slow_thin; break; } } } then haproxy config file /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg : global log 127.0.0.1 local0 log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice #log loghost local0 info maxconn 4096 #chroot /usr/share/haproxy user haproxy group haproxy daemon #debug #quiet nbproc 1 # number of processing cores defaults log global retries 3 maxconn 2000 contimeout 5000 mode http clitimeout 60000 # maximum inactivity time on the client side srvtimeout 30000 # maximum inactivity time on the server side timeout connect 4000 # maximum time to wait for a connection attempt to a server to succeed option httplog option dontlognull option redispatch option httpclose # disable keepalive (HAProxy does not yet support the HTTP keep-alive mode) option abortonclose # enable early dropping of aborted requests from pending queue option httpchk # enable HTTP protocol to check on servers health option forwardfor # enable insert of X-Forwarded-For headers balance roundrobin # each server is used in turns, according to assigned weight stats enable # enable web-stats at /haproxy?stats stats auth haproxy:pr0xystats # force HTTP Auth to view stats stats refresh 5s # refresh rate of stats page listen rails_proxy 127.0.0.1:3100 # - equal weights on all servers # - maxconn will queue requests at HAProxy if limit is reached # - minconn dynamically scales the connection concurrency (bound my maxconn) depending on size of HAProxy queue # - check health every 20000 microseconds server web1 127.0.0.1:3000 weight 1 minconn 3 maxconn 6 check inter 20000 server web1 127.0.0.1:3001 weight 1 minconn 3 maxconn 6 check inter 20000 server web1 127.0.0.1:3002 weight 1 minconn 3 maxconn 6 check inter 20000 listen slow_proxy 127.0.0.1:3200 # cluster for slow requests, lower the queues, check less frequently server slow1 127.0.0.1:3003 weight 1 minconn 1 maxconn 3 check inter 40000 server slow2 127.0.0.1:3004 weight 1 minconn 1 maxconn 3 check inter 40000 server slow3 127.0.0.1:3005 weight 1 minconn 1 maxconn 3 check inter 40000 and the Thin config file /etc/thin/gitwatcher.yml : --- chdir: /var/www/gitwatcher environment: production address: 0.0.0.0 port: 3000 timeout: 30 log: log/thin.log pid: tmp/pids/thin.pid max_conns: 1024 max_persistent_conns: 100 require: [] wait: 30 servers: 6 daemonize: true if I look into open listen ports, I got the following : root@fullness:/var/www/gitwatcher# lsof | grep TCP | egrep "nginx|haproxy|thin" nginx 834 root 8u IPv4 921 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 835 nginx 8u IPv4 921 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) nginx 837 nginx 8u IPv4 921 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) haproxy 1908 haproxy 4u IPv4 11699 0t0 TCP localhost:3100 (LISTEN) haproxy 1908 haproxy 6u IPv4 11701 0t0 TCP localhost:3200 (LISTEN) root@fullness:/var/www/gitwatcher# iptables -L get me the following : Chain INPUT (policy DROP) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:22222 ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:http ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:https ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere DROP all -- anywhere anywhere Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere Any help ?

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• OpenVPN stopped working, what could have happened?

  - by jaja

  I have Openvpn, and it worked great when I used it on PC (Windows 8), then I copied all files (Certificates and config) to an Android 4 phone to use them. Now, Openvpn works on the phone, but not the PC. Specifically, when I open Google I get: The server at www.google.com can't be found, because the DNS lookup failed, but the VPN seems to be connected. I have a simple question, could the problem be because I copied the same files? Routing table before connecting:- IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.254 192.168.1.101 25 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.1.101 281 192.168.1.101 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.101 281 192.168.1.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.101 281 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.1.101 281 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.101 281 =========================================================================== Routing table after connecting:- IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.254 192.168.1.101 25 0.0.0.0 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 30 10.8.0.1 255.255.255.255 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 30 10.8.0.4 255.255.255.252 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 10.8.0.6 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 10.8.0.7 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 **.**.***.** 255.255.255.255 192.168.1.254 192.168.1.101 25 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 128.0.0.0 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 30 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.1.101 281 192.168.1.101 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.101 281 192.168.1.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.101 281 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.1.101 281 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.101 281 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 =========================================================================== Server conf:- port 1194 proto udp dev tun ca ca.crt cert myservername.crt key myservername.key dh dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt duplicate-cn keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log verb 3 push "redirect-gateway def1" Client conf:- client dev tun proto udp remote 89.32.148.35 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun mute-replay-warnings ca ca.crt cert client1.crt key client1.key verb 3 comp-lzo redirect-gateway def1 Here is the log file:- Tue Dec 18 16:34:27 2012 OpenVPN 2.2.2 Win32-MSVC++ [SSL] [LZO2] [PKCS11] built on Dec 15 2011 Tue Dec 18 16:34:27 2012 WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled. See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info. Tue Dec 18 16:34:27 2012 NOTE: OpenVPN 2.1 requires '--script-security 2' or higher to call user-defined scripts or executables Tue Dec 18 16:34:27 2012 LZO compression initialized Tue Dec 18 16:34:27 2012 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:138 EF:38 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Tue Dec 18 16:34:27 2012 Socket Buffers: R=[65536-65536] S=[65536-65536] Tue Dec 18 16:34:27 2012 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:0 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Tue Dec 18 16:34:27 2012 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '41690919' Tue Dec 18 16:34:27 2012 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): '530fdded' Tue Dec 18 16:34:27 2012 UDPv4 link local: [undef] Tue Dec 18 16:34:27 2012 UDPv4 link remote: ..*.:1194 Tue Dec 18 16:34:27 2012 TLS: Initial packet from ..*.:1194, sid=4d1496ad 2079a5fa Tue Dec 18 16:34:28 2012 VERIFY OK: depth=1, /C=/ST=/L=/O=/OU=/CN=/name=/emailAddress= Tue Dec 18 16:34:28 2012 VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=/ST=/L=/O=/OU=/CN=/name=/emailAddress= Tue Dec 18 16:34:29 2012 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Tue Dec 18 16:34:29 2012 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Tue Dec 18 16:34:29 2012 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Tue Dec 18 16:34:29 2012 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Tue Dec 18 16:34:29 2012 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA Tue Dec 18 16:34:29 2012 [myservername] Peer Connection Initiated with ..*.:1194 Tue Dec 18 16:34:32 2012 SENT CONTROL [myservername]: 'PUSH_REQUEST' (status=1) Tue Dec 18 16:34:32 2012 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,redirect-gateway def1,route 10.8.0.1,topology net30,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 10.8.0.6 10.8.0.5' Tue Dec 18 16:34:32 2012 OPTIONS IMPORT: timers and/or timeouts modified Tue Dec 18 16:34:32 2012 OPTIONS IMPORT: --ifconfig/up options modified Tue Dec 18 16:34:32 2012 OPTIONS IMPORT: route options modified Tue Dec 18 16:34:32 2012 ROUTE default_gateway=192.168.1.254 Tue Dec 18 16:34:32 2012 TAP-WIN32 device [Local Area Connection] opened: \.\Global{F0CFEBBF-9B1B-4CFB-8A82-027330974C30}.tap Tue Dec 18 16:34:32 2012 TAP-Win32 Driver Version 9.9 Tue Dec 18 16:34:32 2012 TAP-Win32 MTU=1500 Tue Dec 18 16:34:32 2012 Notified TAP-Win32 driver to set a DHCP IP/netmask of 10.8.0.6/255.255.255.252 on interface {F0CFEBBF-9B1B-4CFB-8A82-027330974C30} [DHCP-serv: 10.8.0.5, lease-time: 31536000] Tue Dec 18 16:34:32 2012 Successful ARP Flush on interface [26] {F0CFEBBF-9B1B-4CFB-8A82-027330974C30} Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 TEST ROUTES: 2/2 succeeded len=1 ret=1 a=0 u/d=up Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 C:\WINDOWS\system32\route.exe ADD ..*. MASK 255.255.255.255 192.168.1.254 Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 ROUTE: CreateIpForwardEntry succeeded with dwForwardMetric1=25 and dwForwardType=4 Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 Route addition via IPAPI succeeded [adaptive] Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 C:\WINDOWS\system32\route.exe ADD 0.0.0.0 MASK 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.5 Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 ROUTE: CreateIpForwardEntry succeeded with dwForwardMetric1=30 and dwForwardType=4 Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 Route addition via IPAPI succeeded [adaptive] Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 C:\WINDOWS\system32\route.exe ADD 128.0.0.0 MASK 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.5 Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 ROUTE: CreateIpForwardEntry succeeded with dwForwardMetric1=30 and dwForwardType=4 Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 Route addition via IPAPI succeeded [adaptive] Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 C:\WINDOWS\system32\route.exe ADD 10.8.0.1 MASK 255.255.255.255 10.8.0.5 Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 ROUTE: CreateIpForwardEntry succeeded with dwForwardMetric1=30 and dwForwardType=4 Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 Route addition via IPAPI succeeded [adaptive] Tue Dec 18 16:34:37 2012 Initialization Sequence Completed

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• OpenVPN Configuration - Windows 7 client & debian server

  - by Guillaume

  I recently formatted my Windows 7 computer and lost my client's config files for OpenVPN. I recovered the certificates and default config that were left on the server but I haven't managed to make the whole thing work again. I assume the server's config and routing table are OK because it was working before (although quite some time ago). Would any of you experts be able to help? server.conf # Serveur TCP/666 mode server proto udp port 666 dev tun # Cles et certificats ca ca.crt cert server.crt key server.key dh dh1024.pem tls-auth ta.key 0 cipher AES-256-CBC # Reseau server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 #push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.222.222" push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.220.220" push "redirect-gateway def1" keepalive 10 120 # Securite user nobody group nogroup chroot /etc/openvpn/jail persist-key persist-tun comp-lzo # Log verb 3 mute 20 status openvpn-status.log log-append /var/log/openvpn.log client.conf # Client client dev tun proto udp remote *my server's ip address*:666 cipher AES-256-CBC # Cles ca ca.crt cert client1.crt key client1.key tls-auth ta.key 1 # Securite nobind persist-key persist-tun comp-lzo verb 3 Routing table on debian server when OpenVPN server is running: Destination Gateway Genmask Indic Metric Ref Use Iface 10.8.0.2 * 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun0 10.8.0.0 10.8.0.2 255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 tun0 my server's ip * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 default 72815.trg.dedic 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 Routing table on Windows 7 client (OpenVPN not working) =========================================================================== Interface List 19...00 f0 8a 1b 6e 5c ......TAP-Win32 Adapter V9 12...90 2e 34 33 84 7b ......Atheros AR8151 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller ( NDIS 6.20) 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 12...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter 13...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface 16...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 =========================================================================== IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.11 20 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 192.168.1.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None IPv6 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: [...] =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None And when the link is established between my client and the server: The server's routing table stays the same. The client's becomes: =========================================================================== Interface List 19...00 f0 8a 1b 6e 5c ......TAP-Win32 Adapter V9 12...90 2e 34 33 84 7b ......Atheros AR8151 PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet Controller ( NDIS 6.20) 1...........................Software Loopback Interface 1 12...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter 13...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-Interface 16...00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e0 Microsoft ISATAP Adapter #2 =========================================================================== IPv4 Route Table =========================================================================== Active Routes: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.11 20 0.0.0.0 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 30 10.8.0.1 255.255.255.255 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 30 10.8.0.4 255.255.255.252 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 10.8.0.6 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 10.8.0.7 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 my server's ip 255.255.255.255 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.11 20 127.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 127.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 128.0.0.0 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.5 10.8.0.6 30 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 192.168.1.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 224.0.0.0 240.0.0.0 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 127.0.0.1 306 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 192.168.1.11 276 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 On-link 10.8.0.6 286 =========================================================================== Persistent Routes: None What's working: Server and client do connect to each other, SSL certificates are OK. The client gets an IP (10.8.0.6) from the server OpenVPN client is started as an administrator. But: I cannot ping the other one on either side. 'Gateway' value is empty on client's side (in the adapter's "status" window). Client has got no internet access when the link is up. Ideal configuration: I only want the client to be able to use the server's Internet access and access its resources (MySQL server in particular). I do not need or want the server to access the client's local network. The client needs to be able to access it's local network, although all Internet traffic should be redirected to the VPN link. I spent a considerable amount of time on this but it's still not working, any help would be much appreciated. Thanks :)

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• Linux/Apache performance very slow even on local network

  - by klausch

  I have an Ubuntu server machine running Apache and MYSQL. System and version info is as follows: Linux kernel 3.0.0.-12 Apache/2.2.20 MySQL Ver 14.14.Distrib 5.1.58 I am running a few websites on this server, some HTML only, some PHP/MySQL. THe [problem is that response time is very slow, both on static as well as the dynamic sites. Sometimes it takes more than 10 seconds before a response is given, this makes the sites very slow and almost unusable. The problem occurs even when requesting from the local network. I have added the involved subdomains to my /etc/hosts file, and abolve all the problem is not solved by using IP numbers instead of URL's. So there is no DNS lookup issue. I have modified the log format by showing the response times and sometimes a files takes 12 seconds to be served, see the jquery~.js file in the example screenshot. I have no explanation for this extremely long response time, but is is not even the only issue here, some other files takes a long time to be served too, but do not show a long response time in the log file. So probably different tissues are involved here. I cannot find a solution until now, any suggestions??? THanx in advance, Klaas link to screenshot picture from access logfile Some extra configuration info: apache2.conf (comment is removed) LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} Timeout 300 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 5 <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> <IfModule mpm_event_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} AccessFileName .htaccess <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all </Files> DefaultType text/plain HostnameLookups Off ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel warn Include mods-enabled/*.load Include mods-enabled/*.conf Include httpd.conf Include ports.conf LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %T/%D" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent Include conf.d/ Include sites-enabled/ And the virtual hostfile for one of the slow sites, in fact it is pretty straightforward... <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerSignature EMail ServerName toenjoy.drsklaus.nl DocumentRoot /var/www/toenjoy.drsklaus.nl <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/toenjoy.drsklaus.nl/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride AuthConfig AuthType Basic AuthName "To Enjoy" AuthUserFile /etc/.htpasswd Require user petraaa Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> And the output of free -m: klaas@ubuntu-server:/etc/apache2$ free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 1997 1401 595 0 144 1017 -/+ buffers/cache: 238 1758 Swap: 2035 0 2035 and I have no indication that swapping occurs on the moments the site is slow. I have runned top and it does not appear to be a CPU issue. I have the impression that the spawning of a apache thread could maybe be the bottleneck but it is just a suggestion. Maybe this gives some extra information! EDIT: The problem seemed to be gone for some time but occurs again! And not only with Apache, also connecting using SSH takes a tremendous time, sometimes it takes up to 15 seconds before the keyphrase is asked for. Also scp works very slowly. The behavious is really unpredoctable and makes the server very hard to use. Any ideas...?

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• C# Request not timing out

  - by Joel Kennedy

  I have this code which runs in a BackgroundWorker, and should make a POST request to the server and get a response. It works fine when it is supposed to work, but when I try to induce a 404 error it doesn't catch the error reporting system. loginProcess.DoWork += delegate(object s, DoWorkEventArgs args) { // loginProcess BackgroundWorker try { // Try to login, if error, report loginProcess.ReportProgress(10); String method = "POST"; String postdata = "postdata=test"; String url = "http://localhost/dev/login.php"; loginProcess.ReportProgress(15); WebRequest rqst = HttpWebRequest.Create(url); rqst.Timeout = 5000; ((HttpWebRequest)rqst).KeepAlive = true; loginProcess.ReportProgress(20); //rqst.Timeout = this.Timeout; // only needed, if you use HTTP AUTH //CredentialCache creds = new CredentialCache(); //creds.Add(new Uri(url), "Basic", new NetworkCredential(this.Uname, this.Pwd)); //rqst.Credentials = creds; rqst.Method = method; if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(postdata)) { //rqst.ContentType = "application/xml"; rqst.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; loginProcess.ReportProgress(30); byte[] byteData = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postdata); loginProcess.ReportProgress(40); rqst.ContentLength = byteData.Length; loginProcess.ReportProgress(50); using (Stream postStream = rqst.GetRequestStream()) { loginProcess.ReportProgress(50); postStream.Write(byteData, 0, byteData.Length); loginProcess.ReportProgress(60); postStream.Close(); loginProcess.ReportProgress(70); rqst.GetResponse().Close(); rqst.GetRequestStream().Close(); } } loginProcess.ReportProgress(90); using (var response1 = rqst.GetResponse()) { using (var responseStream1 = response1.GetResponseStream()) { using (var reader1 = new StreamReader(responseStream1)) { //StreamReader rsps = new StreamReader(rqst.GetResponse().GetResponseStream()); string strRsps = reader1.ReadToEnd(); loginProcess.ReportProgress(95); loginVars = strRsps; //rqst. //reader1.Close(); //rsps.Dispose(); } args.Result = "SUCCESS"; } } } catch(WebException err) { // Catch error and put into err variable if(err.Status == WebExceptionStatus.ProtocolError) { // If something is wrong with protocol LoginReporting.ErrorName = Convert.ToString(((HttpWebResponse)err.Response).StatusCode); LoginReporting.ErrorDescription = Convert.ToString(((HttpWebResponse)err.Response).StatusDescription); LoginReporting.ErrorNotes = "Error when logging in, Server returned: " + Convert.ToString(((HttpWebResponse)err.Response).StatusCode); LoginReporting.ErrorLocation = "LoginRequest.ProtocolError"; args.Result = "ERROR"; //MessageBox.Show(Convert.ToString(((HttpWebResponse)err.Response).StatusCode)); //MessageBox.Show(Convert.ToString(((HttpWebResponse)err.Response).StatusDescription)); } else { args.Result = "ERROR"; } } catch(Exception err) { // Catch unhandled error LoginReporting.ErrorName = Convert.ToString(err); LoginReporting.ErrorDescription = Convert.ToString(err.Message); LoginReporting.ErrorNotes = "Error when logging in, Server returned: " + Convert.ToString(err.Message); LoginReporting.ErrorLocation = "LoginRequest.ProtocolError"; args.Result = "ERROR"; } }; I have put a timeout on the request but it just doesn't work! Is this a bug, or am I doing something wrong here? Thanks

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• Did I find a bug in PHP's `crypt()`?

  - by Nathan Long

  I think I may have found a bug in PHP's crypt() function under Windows. However: I recognize that it's probably my fault. PHP is used by millions and worked on by thousands; my code is used by tens and worked on by me. (This argument is best explained on Coding Horror.) So I'm asking for help: show me my fault. I've been trying to find it for a few days now, with no luck. The setup I'm using a Windows server installation with Apache 2.2.14 (Win32) and PHP 5.3.2. My development box runs Windows XP Professional; the 'production' server (this is an intranet setup) runs Windows Storage Server 2003. The problem happens on both. I don't see anything in php.ini related to crypt(), but will happily answer questions about my config. The problem Several scripts in my PHP app occasionally hang: the page sits there on 'waiting for localhost' and never finishes. Each of these scripts uses crypt to hash a user's password before storing it in the database, or, in the case of the login page, to hash the entered password before comparing it to the version stored in the database. Since the login page is the simplest, I focused on it for testing. I repeatedly logged in, and found that it would hang maybe 4 out of 10 times. As an experiment, I changed the login page to use the plain text password and changed my password in the database to its plain text version. The page stopped hanging. I saw that PHP's latest version lists this bugfix: Fixed bug #51059 (crypt crashes when invalid salt are [sic] given). So I created a very simple test script, as follows, using the same salt given in an official example: $foo = crypt('rasmuslerdorf','r1'); echo $foo; This page, too, will hang, if I reload it like crazy. I only see it hanging in Chrome, but regardless of browser, the effect on Apache is the same. Effect on Apache When these pages hang, Apache's server-status page (which I explained here, regarding a different problem) increments the number of requests being processed and decrements the number of idle workers. The requests being processed almost all have a status of 'Sending Reply,' though sometimes for a moment they will show either 'Reading request' or 'keepalive (read).' Eventually, Apache may crash. When it does, the Windows crash report looks like this: szAppName: httpd.exe szAppVer: 2.2.14.0 szModName: php5ts.dll szModVer: 5.3.1.0 // OK, this report was before I upgraded to PHP 5.3.2, // but that didn't fix it offset: 00a2615 Is it my fault? I'm tempted to file a bug report to PHP on this. The argument against it is, as stated above, that bugs are nearly always my fault. However, my argument in favor of 'it's PHP's fault' is: I'm using Windows, whereas most servers use Linux (I don't get to choose this), so the chances are greater that I've found an edge case There was recently a bug with crypt(), so maybe it still has issues I have made the simplest test case I can, and I still have the problem Can anyone duplicate this? Can you suggest where I've gone wrong? Should I file the bug after all? Thanks in advance for any help you may give.

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• Youtube API upload - Incomplete Multipart body error

  - by Blerim J

  Hello, I'm trying to upload videos in Youtube through HttpWebRequest. Everything seems to be fine when uploading following the example given in API documentation. I see that request is being formed correctly, with content and token sent but I receive "Incomplete multipart body" as response. Thanks Blerim public bool YouTubeUpload() { string newLine = "\r\n"; //token and url are retrieved from YouTube at runtime. string token = string.Empty; string url = string.Empty; // construct the command url url = url + "?nexturl=http://www.mywebsite.com/"; // get a unique string to use for the data boundary string boundary = Guid.NewGuid().ToString().Replace("-", string.Empty); foreach (string file in Request.Files) { HttpPostedFileBase hpf = Request.Files[file] as HttpPostedFileBase; if (hpf.ContentLength == 0) continue; // get info about the file and open it for reading Stream fs = hpf.InputStream; HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); webRequest.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary; webRequest.Method = "POST"; webRequest.KeepAlive = true; webRequest.Credentials = System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials; MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(); StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(memoryStream); //token writer.Write("--" + boundary + newLine); writer.Write("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"{1}{2}", "token", newLine, newLine); writer.Write(token); writer.Write(newLine); //Video writer.Write("--" + boundary + newLine); writer.Write("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"{2}", "File1", hpf.FileName, newLine); writer.Write("Content-Type: {0}" + newLine + newLine, hpf.ContentType); writer.Flush(); byte[] boundarybytes = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(string.Format("--{0}--{1}", boundary, newLine)); webRequest.ContentLength = memoryStream.Length + fs.Length + boundarybytes.Length; Stream webStream = webRequest.GetRequestStream(); // write the form data to the web stream memoryStream.Position = 0; byte[] tempBuffer = new byte[memoryStream.Length]; memoryStream.Read(tempBuffer, 0, tempBuffer.Length); memoryStream.Close(); webStream.Write(tempBuffer, 0, tempBuffer.Length); // write the file to the stream int size; byte[] buf = new byte[1024 * 10]; do { size = fs.Read(buf, 0, buf.Length); if (size > 0) webStream.Write(buf, 0, size); } while (size > 0); // write the trailer to the stream webStream.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length); webStream.Close(); fs.Close(); //fails here. Error - Incomplete multipart body. WebResponse webResponse = webRequest.GetResponse(); } return true; }

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• hosting simple python scripts in a container to handle concurrency, configuration, caching, etc.

  - by Justin Grant

  My first real-world Python project is to write a simple framework (or re-use/adapt an existing one) which can wrap small python scripts (which are used to gather custom data for a monitoring tool) with a "container" to handle boilerplate tasks like: fetching a script's configuration from a file (and keeping that info up to date if the file changes and handle decryption of sensitive config data) running multiple instances of the same script in different threads instead of spinning up a new process for each one expose an API for caching expensive data and storing persistent state from one script invocation to the next Today, script authors must handle the issues above, which usually means that most script authors don't handle them correctly, causing bugs and performance problems. In addition to avoiding bugs, we want a solution which lowers the bar to create and maintain scripts, especially given that many script authors may not be trained programmers. Below are examples of the API I've been thinking of, and which I'm looking to get your feedback about. A scripter would need to build a single method which takes (as input) the configuration that the script needs to do its job, and either returns a python object or calls a method to stream back data in chunks. Optionally, a scripter could supply methods to handle startup and/or shutdown tasks. HTTP-fetching script example (in pseudocode, omitting the actual data-fetching details to focus on the container's API): def run (config, context, cache) : results = http_library_call (config.url, config.http_method, config.username, config.password, ...) return { html : results.html, status_code : results.status, headers : results.response_headers } def init(config, context, cache) : config.max_threads = 20 # up to 20 URLs at one time (per process) config.max_processes = 3 # launch up to 3 concurrent processes config.keepalive = 1200 # keep process alive for 10 mins without another call config.process_recycle.requests = 1000 # restart the process every 1000 requests (to avoid leaks) config.kill_timeout = 600 # kill the process if any call lasts longer than 10 minutes Database-data fetching script example might look like this (in pseudocode): def run (config, context, cache) : expensive = context.cache["something_expensive"] for record in db_library_call (expensive, context.checkpoint, config.connection_string) : context.log (record, "logDate") # log all properties, optionally specify name of timestamp property last_date = record["logDate"] context.checkpoint = last_date # persistent checkpoint, used next time through def init(config, context, cache) : cache["something_expensive"] = get_expensive_thing() def shutdown(config, context, cache) : expensive = cache["something_expensive"] expensive.release_me() Is this API appropriately "pythonic", or are there things I should do to make this more natural to the Python scripter? (I'm more familiar with building C++/C#/Java APIs so I suspect I'm missing useful Python idioms.) Specific questions: is it natural to pass a "config" object into a method and ask the callee to set various configuration options? Or is there another preferred way to do this? when a callee needs to stream data back to its caller, is a method like context.log() (see above) appropriate, or should I be using yield instead? (yeild seems natural, but I worry it'd be over the head of most scripters) My approach requires scripts to define functions with predefined names (e.g. "run", "init", "shutdown"). Is this a good way to do it? If not, what other mechanism would be more natural? I'm passing the same config, context, cache parameters into every method. Would it be better to use a single "context" parameter instead? Would it be better to use global variables instead? Finally, are there existing libraries you'd recommend to make this kind of simple "script-running container" easier to write?

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• How to properly deny Railo directory access through Apache

  - by Sn3akyP3t3

  I've been battle tested on this and failed to achieve my goal which is to deny all access to all directories except the Public directory and only allow access to all all other directories with specific IP addresses. To get Railo+Apache+Tomcat installed I pretty much followed this script: https://github.com/talltroym/Railo-Ubuntu-Installer-Script then verified settings with this tutorial: http://blog.nictunney.com/2012/03/railo-tomcat-and-apache-on-amazon-ec2.html From the installation script these mods are enabled: sudo a2enmod ssl sudo a2enmod proxy sudo a2enmod proxy_http sudo a2enmod rewrite sudo a2ensite default-ssl Outside of the script I copied the sites-available to sites-enabled then reloaded Apache. I have a directory created for Railo cmfl located at /var/www/Railo/ Navigating the browser to http ://Server_IP_Address/Railo forces ssl and relocates to https ://Server_IP_Address/Railo which shows off index.cfm. Not providing index.cfm and omitting https indicates that the DirectoryIndex directive and RewriteCond of Apache appears to be working for the sites-enabled VirtualHost. The problem I'm encountering is that I cannot seem to deny access to all directories except Public. My directory structure is rather simple and looks like this: Railo error Public NotPublic Sandbox These are my sites-enabled configurations: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www #Default Deny All to prevent walking backwards in file system Alias /Railo/ "/var/www/Railo/" <Directory ~ ".*/Railo/(?!Public).*"> Order Deny,Allow Deny from All </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> DirectoryIndex index.cfm index.cfml default.cfm default.cfml index.htm index.html index.cfc RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} !^443$ RewriteRule ^.*$ https://%{SERVER_NAME}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R] </VirtualHost> and <IfModule mod_ssl.c> <VirtualHost _default_:443> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www Alias /Railo/ "/var/www/Railo/" <Directory ~ "/var/www/Railo/(?!Public).*"> Order Deny,Allow Deny from All </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/ssl_access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> # SSL Engine Switch: # Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host. SSLEngine on # A self-signed (snakeoil) certificate can be created by installing # the ssl-cert package. See # /usr/share/doc/apache2.2-common/README.Debian.gz for more info. # If both key and certificate are stored in the same file, only the # SSLCertificateFile directive is needed. SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key # Server Certificate Chain: # Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the # concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the # certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively # the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile # when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server # certificate for convinience. #SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/server-ca.crt # Certificate Authority (CA): # Set the CA certificate verification path where to find CA # certificates for client authentication or alternatively one # huge file containing all of them (file must be PEM encoded) # Note: Inside SSLCACertificatePath you need hash symlinks # to point to the certificate files. Use the provided # Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes. #SSLCACertificatePath /etc/ssl/certs/ #SSLCACertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/ca-bundle.crt # Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL): # Set the CA revocation path where to find CA CRLs for client # authentication or alternatively one huge file containing all # of them (file must be PEM encoded) # Note: Inside SSLCARevocationPath you need hash symlinks # to point to the certificate files. Use the provided # Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes. #SSLCARevocationPath /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ #SSLCARevocationFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ca-bundle.crl # Client Authentication (Type): # Client certificate verification type and depth. Types are # none, optional, require and optional_no_ca. Depth is a # number which specifies how deeply to verify the certificate # issuer chain before deciding the certificate is not valid. #SSLVerifyClient require #SSLVerifyDepth 10 # Access Control: # With SSLRequire you can do per-directory access control based # on arbitrary complex boolean expressions containing server # variable checks and other lookup directives. The syntax is a # mixture between C and Perl. See the mod_ssl documentation # for more details. #<Location /> #SSLRequire ( %{SSL_CIPHER} !~ m/^(EXP|NULL)/ \ # and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_O} eq "Snake Oil, Ltd." \ # and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_OU} in {"Staff", "CA", "Dev"} \ # and %{TIME_WDAY} >= 1 and %{TIME_WDAY} <= 5 \ # and %{TIME_HOUR} >= 8 and %{TIME_HOUR} <= 20 ) \ # or %{REMOTE_ADDR} =~ m/^192\.76\.162\.[0-9]+$/ #</Location> # SSL Engine Options: # Set various options for the SSL engine. # o FakeBasicAuth: # Translate the client X.509 into a Basic Authorisation. This means that # the standard Auth/DBMAuth methods can be used for access control. The # user name is the `one line' version of the client's X.509 certificate. # Note that no password is obtained from the user. Every entry in the user # file needs this password: `xxj31ZMTZzkVA'. # o ExportCertData: # This exports two additional environment variables: SSL_CLIENT_CERT and # SSL_SERVER_CERT. These contain the PEM-encoded certificates of the # server (always existing) and the client (only existing when client # authentication is used). This can be used to import the certificates # into CGI scripts. # o StdEnvVars: # This exports the standard SSL/TLS related `SSL_*' environment variables. # Per default this exportation is switched off for performance reasons, # because the extraction step is an expensive operation and is usually # useless for serving static content. So one usually enables the # exportation for CGI and SSI requests only. # o StrictRequire: # This denies access when "SSLRequireSSL" or "SSLRequire" applied even # under a "Satisfy any" situation, i.e. when it applies access is denied # and no other module can change it. # o OptRenegotiate: # This enables optimized SSL connection renegotiation handling when SSL # directives are used in per-directory context. #SSLOptions +FakeBasicAuth +ExportCertData +StrictRequire <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$"> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </FilesMatch> <Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </Directory> # SSL Protocol Adjustments: # The safe and default but still SSL/TLS standard compliant shutdown # approach is that mod_ssl sends the close notify alert but doesn't wait for # the close notify alert from client. When you need a different shutdown # approach you can use one of the following variables: # o ssl-unclean-shutdown: # This forces an unclean shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. no # SSL close notify alert is send or allowed to received. This violates # the SSL/TLS standard but is needed for some brain-dead browsers. Use # this when you receive I/O errors because of the standard approach where # mod_ssl sends the close notify alert. # o ssl-accurate-shutdown: # This forces an accurate shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. a # SSL close notify alert is send and mod_ssl waits for the close notify # alert of the client. This is 100% SSL/TLS standard compliant, but in # practice often causes hanging connections with brain-dead browsers. Use # this only for browsers where you know that their SSL implementation # works correctly. # Notice: Most problems of broken clients are also related to the HTTP # keep-alive facility, so you usually additionally want to disable # keep-alive for those clients, too. Use variable "nokeepalive" for this. # Similarly, one has to force some clients to use HTTP/1.0 to workaround # their broken HTTP/1.1 implementation. Use variables "downgrade-1.0" and # "force-response-1.0" for this. BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \ nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \ downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 # MSIE 7 and newer should be able to use keepalive BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown DirectoryIndex index.cfm index.cfml default.cfm default.cfml index.htm index.html #Proxy .cfm and cfc requests to Railo ProxyPassMatch ^/(.+.cf[cm])(/.*)?$ http://127.0.0.1:8888/$1 ProxyPassReverse / http://127.0.0.1:8888/ #Deny access to admin except for local clients <Location /railo-context/admin/> Order deny,allow Deny from all # Allow from <Omitted> # Allow from <Omitted> Allow from 127.0.0.1 </Location> </VirtualHost> </IfModule> The apache2.conf includes the following: # Include the virtual host configurations: Include sites-enabled/ <IfModule !mod_jk.c> LoadModule jk_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_jk.so </IfModule> <IfModule mod_jk.c> JkMount /*.cfm ajp13 JkMount /*.cfc ajp13 JkMount /*.do ajp13 JkMount /*.jsp ajp13 JkMount /*.cfchart ajp13 JkMount /*.cfm/* ajp13 JkMount /*.cfml/* ajp13 # Flex Gateway Mappings # JkMount /flex2gateway/* ajp13 # JkMount /flashservices/gateway/* ajp13 # JkMount /messagebroker/* ajp13 JkMountCopy all JkLogFile /var/log/apache2/mod_jk.log </IfModule> I believe I understand most of this except the jk_module inclusion which I've noticed has an error that shows up in the logs that I can't sort out: [warn] No JkShmFile defined in httpd.conf. Using default /etc/apache2/logs/jk-runtime-status I've checked my Regular expression against the paths of the directories with RegexBuddy just to be sure that I wasn't correct. The problem doesn't appear to be Regex related although I may have something incorrect in the Directory directive. The Location directive seems to be working correctly for blocking out Railo admin site access.

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• Unable to find static resource in runtime even while designer can see it

  - by xumix

  So i have this markup: <ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Werp.MigrationHelper"> <Style TargetType="{x:Type UserControl}" x:Key="WizardPageControl" x:Name="WizardPageControl"> <Setter Property="Template"> <Setter.Value> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type UserControl}"> <Grid> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="10" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="475" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="10" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="10" /> <RowDefinition Height="410"/> <RowDefinition Height="50" /> <RowDefinition Height="10" /> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical" Name="MainContent" Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1"> <ContentPresenter Content="{TemplateBinding Content}"/> </StackPanel> <StackPanel Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="2" Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Margin="0,0,0,10" Height="30"> <Button Name="BackButton" Width="50" xml:space="preserve">&lt; _Back</Button> <Button Name="NextButton" Width="50" Margin="10,0,0,0" xml:space="preserve" IsDefault="True">_Next &gt;</Button> <Button Name="CancelButton" Width="50" Margin="10,0,0,0" IsCancel="True">_Cancel</Button> <Button Name="FinishButton" IsEnabled="True" Width="50" Margin="10,0,0,0">_Finish</Button> </StackPanel> </Grid> </ControlTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Style> </ResourceDictionary> <Application xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"> <Application.Resources> <ResourceDictionary> <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries> <ResourceDictionary Source="Resources\WizardPageControl.xaml" /> </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries> </ResourceDictionary> </Application.Resources> </Application> <UserControl x:Class="Werp.MigrationHelper.WizardPageControl" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Werp.MigrationHelper" mc:Ignorable="d"> </UserControl> Then I try to use it: <PageFunction xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Werp.MigrationHelper" x:Class="Werp.MigrationHelper.WizardPage1" x:TypeArguments="local:WizardResult" KeepAlive="True" WindowTitle="Wizard Page 1" > <local:WizardPageControl Style="{StaticResource ResourceKey=WizardPageControl}"> <local:WizardPageControl.Content> qweqweqweqweq </local:WizardPageControl.Content> </local:WizardPageControl> </PageFunction> The VS designer show everything Ok, but in runtime i get System.Windows.Markup.XamlParseException occurred Message='Provide value on 'System.Windows.StaticResourceExtension' threw an exception.' Line number '4' and line position '5'. Source=PresentationFramework LineNumber=4 LinePosition=5 StackTrace: at System.Windows.Markup.WpfXamlLoader.Load(XamlReader xamlReader, IXamlObjectWriterFactory writerFactory, Boolean skipJournaledProperties, Object rootObject, XamlObjectWriterSettings settings, Uri baseUri) at System.Windows.Markup.WpfXamlLoader.LoadBaml(XamlReader xamlReader, Boolean skipJournaledProperties, Object rootObject, XamlAccessLevel accessLevel, Uri baseUri) at System.Windows.Markup.XamlReader.LoadBaml(Stream stream, ParserContext parserContext, Object parent, Boolean closeStream) at System.Windows.Application.LoadComponent(Object component, Uri resourceLocator) at Werp.MigrationHelper.WizardPage1.InitializeComponent() in d:\Home\Docs\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\csharp\wizardpage1.xaml:line 1 at Werp.MigrationHelper.WizardPage1..ctor(WizardData wizardData) in D:\home\Docs\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\csharp\WizardPage1.xaml.cs:line 12 InnerException: Message=Cannot find resource named 'WizardPageControl'. Resource names are case sensitive. Source=PresentationFramework StackTrace: at System.Windows.StaticResourceExtension.ProvideValue(IServiceProvider serviceProvider) at MS.Internal.Xaml.Runtime.ClrObjectRuntime.CallProvideValue(MarkupExtension me, IServiceProvider serviceProvider) InnerException: Whats the prolem??

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• How to simulate browser file upload with HttpWebRequest

  - by cucicov

  Hi, guys, first of all thanks for your contributions, I've found great responses here. Yet I've ran into a problem I can't figure out and if someone could provide any help, it would be greatly appreciated. I'm developing this application in C# that could upload an image from computer to user photoblog. For this I'm usig pixelpost platform for photoblogs that is written mainly in PHP. I've searched here and on other web pages, but the exmples provided there didn't work for me. Here is what I used in my example: (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/566462/upload-files-with-httpwebrequest-multipart-form-data) and (http://bytes.com/topic/c-sharp/answers/268661-how-upload-file-via-c-code) Once it is ready I will make it available for free on the internet and maybe also create a windows mobile version of it, since I'm a fan of pixelpost. here is the code I've used: string formUrl = "http://localhost/pixelpost/admin/index.php?x=login"; string formParams = string.Format("user={0}&password={1}", "user-String", "password-String"); string cookieHeader; HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(formUrl); req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; req.Method = "POST"; req.AllowAutoRedirect = false; byte[] bytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(formParams); req.ContentLength = bytes.Length; using (Stream os = req.GetRequestStream()) { os.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length); } HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse(); cookieHeader = resp.Headers["Set-Cookie"]; string pageSource; using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream())) { pageSource = sr.ReadToEnd(); Console.WriteLine(); } string getUrl = "http://localhost/pixelpost/admin/index.php"; HttpWebRequest getRequest = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(getUrl); getRequest.Headers.Add("Cookie", cookieHeader); HttpWebResponse getResponse = (HttpWebResponse)getRequest.GetResponse(); using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(getResponse.GetResponseStream())) { pageSource = sr.ReadToEnd(); } // end first part: login to admin panel long length = 0; string boundary = "----------------------------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x"); HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest2 = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://localhost/pixelpost/admin/index.php?x=save"); httpWebRequest2.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary; httpWebRequest2.Method = "POST"; httpWebRequest2.AllowAutoRedirect = false; httpWebRequest2.KeepAlive = false; httpWebRequest2.Credentials = System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials; httpWebRequest2.Headers.Add("Cookie", cookieHeader); Stream memStream = new System.IO.MemoryStream(); byte[] boundarybytes = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n"); string formdataTemplate = "\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\";\r\n\r\n{1}"; string formitem = string.Format(formdataTemplate, "headline", "image-name"); byte[] formitembytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(formitem); memStream.Write(formitembytes, 0, formitembytes.Length); memStream.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length); string headerTemplate = "\r\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"\r\nContent-Type: application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n"; string header = string.Format(headerTemplate, "userfile", "path-to-the-local-file"); byte[] headerbytes = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(header); memStream.Write(headerbytes, 0, headerbytes.Length); FileStream fileStream = new FileStream("path-to-the-local-file", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int bytesRead = 0; while ((bytesRead = fileStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) != 0) { memStream.Write(buffer, 0, bytesRead); } memStream.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length); fileStream.Close(); httpWebRequest2.ContentLength = memStream.Length; Stream requestStream = httpWebRequest2.GetRequestStream(); memStream.Position = 0; byte[] tempBuffer = new byte[memStream.Length]; memStream.Read(tempBuffer, 0, tempBuffer.Length); memStream.Close(); requestStream.Write(tempBuffer, 0, tempBuffer.Length); requestStream.Close(); WebResponse webResponse2 = httpWebRequest2.GetResponse(); Stream stream2 = webResponse2.GetResponseStream(); StreamReader reader2 = new StreamReader(stream2); Console.WriteLine(reader2.ReadToEnd()); webResponse2.Close(); httpWebRequest2 = null; webResponse2 = null; and also here is the PHP: (http://dl.dropbox.com/u/3149888/index.php) and (http://dl.dropbox.com/u/3149888/new_image.php) the mandatory fields are headline and userfile so I can't figure out where the mistake is, as the format sent in right. I'm guessing there is something wrong with the octet-stream sent to the form. Maybe it's a stupid mistake I wasn't able to trace, in any case, if you could help me that would mean a lot. thanks,

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• openvpn WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled

  - by tmedtcom

  I tried to install openvpn on debian squeez (server) and connect from my fedora 17 as (client). Here is my configuration: server configuration ###cat server.conf # Serveur TCP ** proto tcp** port 1194 dev tun # Cles et certificats ca /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/dh1024.pem # Reseau #Adresse virtuel du reseau vpn server 192.170.70.0 255.255.255.0 #Cette ligne ajoute sur le client la route du reseau vers le serveur push "route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0" #Creer une route du server vers l'interface tun. #route 192.170.70.0 255.255.255.0 # Securite keepalive 10 120 #type d'encryptage des données **cipher AES-128-CBC** #activation de la compression comp-lzo #nombre maximum de clients autorisés max-clients 10 #pas d'utilisateur et groupe particuliers pour l'utilisation du VPN user nobody group nogroup #pour rendre la connexion persistante persist-key persist-tun #Log d'etat d'OpenVPN status /var/log/openvpn-status.log #logs openvpnlog /var/log/openvpn.log log-append /var/log/openvpn.log #niveau de verbosité verb 5 ###cat client.conf # Client client dev tun [COLOR="Red"]proto tcp-client[/COLOR] remote <my server wan IP> 1194 resolv-retry infinite **cipher AES-128-CBC** # Cles ca ca.crt cert client.crt key client.key # Securite nobind persist-key persist-tun comp-lzo verb 3 Message from the host client (fedora 17) in the log file / var / log / messages: Dec 6 21:56:00 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> Starting VPN service 'openvpn'... Dec 6 21:56:00 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> VPN service 'openvpn' started (org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.openvpn), PID 7470 Dec 6 21:56:00 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> VPN service 'openvpn' appeared; activating connections Dec 6 21:56:00 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> VPN plugin state changed: starting (3) Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <info> VPN connection 'Connexion VPN 1' (Connect) reply received. Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: OpenVPN 2.2.2 x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu [SSL] [LZO2] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [eurephia] built on Sep 5 2012 Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]:[COLOR="Red"][U][B] WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled.[/B][/U][/COLOR] See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info. Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: NOTE: the current --script-security setting may allow this configuration to call user-defined scripts Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]:[COLOR="Red"] WARNING: file '/home/login/client/client.key' is group or others accessible[/COLOR] Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: UDPv4 link local: [undef] Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: UDPv4 link remote: [COLOR="Red"]<my server wan IP>[/COLOR]:1194 Dec 6 21:56:01 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: [COLOR="Red"]read UDPv4 [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111)[/COLOR] Dec 6 21:56:03 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: [COLOR="Red"]read UDPv4[/COLOR] [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111) Dec 6 21:56:07 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: read UDPv4 [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111) Dec 6 21:56:15 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: read UDPv4 [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111) Dec 6 21:56:31 GlobalTIC nm-openvpn[7472]: read UDPv4 [ECONNREFUSED]: Connection refused (code=111) Dec 6 21:56:41 GlobalTIC NetworkManager[691]: <warn> VPN connection 'Connexion VPN 1' (IP Conf[/CODE] ifconfig on server host(debian): ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:16:21:ac inet addr:192.168.1.6 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe16:21ac/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:9059 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:5660 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:919427 (897.8 KiB) TX bytes:1273891 (1.2 MiB) tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:192.170.70.1 P-t-P:192.170.70.2 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) ifconfig on the client host (fedora 17) as0t0: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 5.5.0.1 netmask 255.255.252.0 destination 5.5.0.1 unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 200 (UNSPEC) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2 bytes 321 (321.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 as0t1: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 5.5.4.1 netmask 255.255.252.0 destination 5.5.4.1 unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 200 (UNSPEC) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2 bytes 321 (321.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 as0t2: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 5.5.8.1 netmask 255.255.252.0 destination 5.5.8.1 unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 200 (UNSPEC) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2 bytes 321 (321.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 as0t3: flags=4305<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,NOARP,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 5.5.12.1 netmask 255.255.252.0 destination 5.5.12.1 unspec 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 txqueuelen 200 (UNSPEC) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 2 bytes 321 (321.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 **p255p1**: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.1.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 inet6 fe80::21d:baff:fe20:b7e6 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:1d:ba:20:b7:e6 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 4842070 bytes 3579798184 (3.3 GiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 3996158 bytes 2436442882 (2.2 GiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 device interrupt 16 p255p1 is label for eth0 interface and on the server : root@hoteserver:/etc/openvpn# tree . +-- client ¦** +-- ca.crt ¦** +-- client.conf ¦** +-- client.crt ¦** +-- client.csr ¦** +-- client.key ¦** +-- client.ovpn ¦* ¦** +-- easy-rsa ¦** +-- build-ca ¦** +-- build-dh ¦** +-- build-inter ¦** +-- build-key ¦** +-- build-key-pass ¦** +-- build-key-pkcs12 ¦** +-- build-key-server ¦** +-- build-req ¦** +-- build-req-pass ¦** +-- clean-all ¦** +-- inherit-inter ¦** +-- keys ¦** ¦** +-- 01.pem ¦** ¦** +-- 02.pem ¦** ¦** +-- ca.crt ¦** ¦** +-- ca.key ¦** ¦** +-- client.crt ¦** ¦** +-- client.csr ¦** ¦** +-- client.key ¦** ¦** +-- dh1024.pem ¦** ¦** +-- index.txt ¦** ¦** +-- index.txt.attr ¦** ¦** +-- index.txt.attr.old ¦** ¦** +-- index.txt.old ¦** ¦** +-- serial ¦** ¦** +-- serial.old ¦** ¦** +-- server.crt ¦** ¦** +-- server.csr ¦** ¦** +-- server.key ¦** +-- list-crl ¦** +-- Makefile ¦** +-- openssl-0.9.6.cnf.gz ¦** +-- openssl.cnf ¦** +-- pkitool ¦** +-- README.gz ¦** +-- revoke-full ¦** +-- sign-req ¦** +-- vars ¦** +-- whichopensslcnf +-- openvpn.log +-- openvpn-status.log +-- server.conf +-- update-resolv-conf on the client: [login@hoteclient openvpn]$ tree . |-- easy-rsa | |-- 1.0 | | |-- build-ca | | |-- build-dh | | |-- build-inter | | |-- build-key | | |-- build-key-pass | | |-- build-key-pkcs12 | | |-- build-key-server | | |-- build-req | | |-- build-req-pass | | |-- clean-all | | |-- list-crl | | |-- make-crl | | |-- openssl.cnf | | |-- README | | |-- revoke-crt | | |-- revoke-full | | |-- sign-req | | `-- vars | `-- 2.0 | |-- build-ca | |-- build-dh | |-- build-inter | |-- build-key | |-- build-key-pass | |-- build-key-pkcs12 | |-- build-key-server | |-- build-req | |-- build-req-pass | |-- clean-all | |-- inherit-inter | |-- keys [error opening dir] | |-- list-crl | |-- Makefile | |-- openssl-0.9.6.cnf | |-- openssl-0.9.8.cnf | |-- openssl-1.0.0.cnf | |-- pkitool | |-- README | |-- revoke-full | |-- sign-req | |-- vars | `-- whichopensslcnf |-- keys -> ./easy-rsa/2.0/keys/ `-- server.conf the problem source is cipher AES-128-CBC ,proto tcp-client or UDP or the interface p255p1 on fedora17 or file authentification ta.key is not found ????

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• Unexpected start of already-primary server processes when heartbeat on secondary is stopped.

  - by vorik

  Hi, I've got an active-passive Heartbeat cluster with Apache, MySQL, ActiveMQ and DRBD. Today, I wanted to perform hardware-maintenance on the secondary node (node04), so I stopped the heartbeat service before shutting it down. Then, the primary node (node03) received a shutdown notice from the secondary node (node04). This logging comes from the primary node: node03 heartbeat[4458]: 2010/03/08_08:52:56 info: Received shutdown notice from 'node04.companydomain.nl'. heartbeat[4458]: 2010/03/08_08:52:56 info: Resources being acquired from node04.companydomain.nl. harc[27522]: 2010/03/08_08:52:56 info: Running /etc/ha.d/rc.d/status status heartbeat[27523]: 2010/03/08_08:52:56 info: Local Resource acquisition completed. mach_down[27567]: 2010/03/08_08:52:56 info: /usr/share/heartbeat/mach_down: nice_failback: foreign resources acquired mach_down[27567]: 2010/03/08_08:52:56 info: mach_down takeover complete for node node04.companydomain.nl. heartbeat[4458]: 2010/03/08_08:52:56 info: mach_down takeover complete. harc[27620]: 2010/03/08_08:52:56 info: Running /etc/ha.d/rc.d/ip-request-resp ip-request-resp ip-request-resp[27620]: 2010/03/08_08:52:56 received ip-request-resp drbddisk OK yes ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:56 info: Acquiring resource group: node03.companydomain.nl drbddisk Filesystem::/dev/drbd0::/data::ext3 mysql apache::/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf LVSSyncDaemonSwap::master monitor activemq tivoli-cluster MailTo::[email protected]::DRBDFailureDrisAcc MailTo::[email protected]::DRBDFailureDrisAcc 1.2.3.212 ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:56 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/drbddisk start Filesystem[27700]: 2010/03/08_08:52:57 INFO: Running OK ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:57 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/mysql start mysql[27783]: 2010/03/08_08:52:57 Starting MySQL[ OK ] apache[27853]: 2010/03/08_08:52:57 INFO: Running OK ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:57 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/monitor start monitor[28160]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/activemq start activemq[28210]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 Starting ActiveMQ Broker... ActiveMQ Broker is already running. ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 ERROR: Return code 1 from /etc/ha.d/resource.d/activemq ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 CRIT: Giving up resources due to failure of activemq ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 info: Releasing resource group: node03.companydomain.nl drbddisk Filesystem::/dev/drbd0::/data::ext3 mysql apache::/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf LVSSyncDaemonSwap::master monitor activemq tivoli-cluster MailTo::[email protected]::DRBDFailureDrisAcc MailTo::[email protected]::DRBDFailureDrisAcc 1.2.3.212 ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/IPaddr 1.2.3.212 stop IPaddr[28329]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 INFO: ifconfig eth0:0 down IPaddr[28312]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 INFO: Success ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/MailTo [email protected] DRBDFailureDrisAcc stop MailTo[28378]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 INFO: Success ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/MailTo [email protected] DRBDFailureDrisAcc stop MailTo[28433]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 INFO: Success ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/tivoli-cluster stop ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:52:58 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/activemq stop activemq[28503]: 2010/03/08_08:53:01 Stopping ActiveMQ Broker... Stopped ActiveMQ Broker. ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:53:01 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/monitor stop monitor[28681]: 2010/03/08_08:53:01 ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:53:01 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/LVSSyncDaemonSwap master stop LVSSyncDaemonSwap[28714]: 2010/03/08_08:53:02 info: ipvs_syncmaster down LVSSyncDaemonSwap[28714]: 2010/03/08_08:53:02 info: ipvs_syncbackup up LVSSyncDaemonSwap[28714]: 2010/03/08_08:53:02 info: ipvs_syncmaster released ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:53:02 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/apache /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf stop apache[28782]: 2010/03/08_08:53:03 INFO: Killing apache PID 18390 apache[28782]: 2010/03/08_08:53:03 INFO: apache stopped. apache[28771]: 2010/03/08_08:53:03 INFO: Success ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:53:03 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/mysql stop mysql[28851]: 2010/03/08_08:53:24 Shutting down MySQL.....................[ OK ] ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:53:24 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/Filesystem /dev/drbd0 /data ext3 stop Filesystem[29010]: 2010/03/08_08:53:25 INFO: Running stop for /dev/drbd0 on /data Filesystem[29010]: 2010/03/08_08:53:25 INFO: Trying to unmount /data Filesystem[29010]: 2010/03/08_08:53:25 ERROR: Couldn't unmount /data; trying cleanup with SIGTERM Filesystem[29010]: 2010/03/08_08:53:25 INFO: Some processes on /data were signalled Filesystem[29010]: 2010/03/08_08:53:27 INFO: unmounted /data successfully Filesystem[28999]: 2010/03/08_08:53:27 INFO: Success ResourceManager[27645]: 2010/03/08_08:53:27 info: Running /etc/ha.d/resource.d/drbddisk stop heartbeat[4458]: 2010/03/08_08:53:29 WARN: node node04.companydomain.nl: is dead heartbeat[4458]: 2010/03/08_08:53:29 info: Dead node node04.companydomain.nl gave up resources. heartbeat[4458]: 2010/03/08_08:53:29 info: Link node04.companydomain.nl:eth0 dead. heartbeat[4458]: 2010/03/08_08:53:29 info: Link node04.companydomain.nl:eth1 dead. hb_standby[29193]: 2010/03/08_08:53:57 Going standby [foreign]. heartbeat[4458]: 2010/03/08_08:53:57 info: node03.companydomain.nl wants to go standby [foreign] Soo... What just happened here??? Heartbeat on node04 stopped and told node03, which was the active node at the time. Somehow, node03 decided to start the cluster processes that were already running. (For the processes that are not critical, I always return a 0 from the startupscript so it does not stops the entire cluster when a non-essential part fails.) When starting ActiveMQ, it returns status 1 because it is already running. This fails the node and shuts everything down. As heartbeat is not running on the secondary node, it cannot failover to there. When I tried to run ha_takeover to restart the resources, absolutely nothing happened. Only after I restarted heartbeat on the primary node the resources could be started (after a delay of 2 minutes). These are my questions: Why does heartbeat on the primary node try to start the cluster processes again? Why did ha_takeover not work? What can I do to prevent this from happening? Server configuration: DRBD: version: 8.3.7 (api:88/proto:86-91) GIT-hash: ea9e28dbff98e331a62bcbcc63a6135808fe2917 build by [email protected], 2010-01-20 09:14:48 0: cs:Connected ro:Secondary/Primary ds:UpToDate/UpToDate B r---- ns:0 nr:6459432 dw:6459432 dr:0 al:0 bm:301 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:d oos:0 uname -a Linux node04 2.6.18-164.11.1.el5 #1 SMP Wed Jan 6 13:26:04 EST 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux haresources node03.companydomain.nl \ drbddisk \ Filesystem::/dev/drbd0::/data::ext3 \ mysql \ apache::/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf \ LVSSyncDaemonSwap::master \ monitor \ activemq \ tivoli-cluster \ MailTo::[email protected]::DRBDFailureDrisAcc \ MailTo::[email protected]::DRBDFailureDrisAcc \ 1.2.3.212 ha.cf debugfile /var/log/ha-debug logfile /var/log/ha-log keepalive 500ms deadtime 30 warntime 10 initdead 120 udpport 694 mcast eth0 225.0.0.3 694 1 0 mcast eth1 225.0.0.4 694 1 0 auto_failback off node node03.companydomain.nl node node04.companydomain.nl respawn hacluster /usr/lib64/heartbeat/dopd apiauth dopd gid=haclient uid=hacluster Thank you very much in advance, Ger Apeldoorn

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• Openvpn plugin openvpn-auth-ldap does not bind to Active Directory

  - by Selivanov Pavel

  I'm trying to configure OpenVPN with openvpn-auth-ldap plugin to authorize users via Active Directory LDAP. When I use the same server config without plugin option, and add client config with generated client key and cert, connection is successful, so problem is in the plugin. server.conf: plugin /usr/lib/openvpn/openvpn-auth-ldap.so "/etc/openvpn-test/openvpn-auth-ldap.conf" port 1194 proto tcp dev tun keepalive 10 60 topology subnet server 10.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 tls-server ca ca.crt dh dh1024.pem cert server.crt key server.key #crl-verify crl.pem persist-key persist-tun user nobody group nogroup verb 3 mute 20 openvpn-auth-ldap.conf: <LDAP> URL ldap://dc1.domain:389 TLSEnable no BindDN cn=bot_auth,cn=Users,dc=domain Password bot_auth Timeout 15 FollowReferrals yes </LDAP> <Authorization> BaseDN "cn=Users,dc=domain" SearchFilter "(sAMAccountName=%u)" RequireGroup false # <Group> # BaseDN "ou=groups,dc=mycompany,dc=local" # SearchFilter "(|(cn=developers)(cn=artists))" # MemberAttribute uniqueMember # </Group> </Authorization> Top-level domain in AD is used by historical reasons. Analogue configuration is working for Apache 2.2 in mod-authzn-ldap. User and password are correct. client.conf: remote server_name port 1194 proto tcp client pull remote-cert-tls server dev tun resolv-retry infinite nobind ca ca.crt ; with keys - works fine #cert test.crt #key test.key ; without keys - by password auth-user-pass persist-tun verb 3 mute 20 In server log there is string PLUGIN_INIT: POST /usr/lib/openvpn/openvpn-auth-ldap.so '[/usr/lib/openvpn/openvpn-auth-ldap.so] [/etc/openvpn-test/openvpn-auth-ldap.conf]' which indicates, that plugin failed. I can telnet to dc1.domain:389, so this is not network/firewall problem. Later server says TLS Error: TLS object -> incoming plaintext read error TLS handshake failed - without plugin it tryes to do usal key authentification. server log: Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 OpenVPN 2.1.3 i486-pc-linux-gnu [SSL] [LZO2] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [MH] [PF_INET6] [eurephia] built on Oct 21 2010 Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 NOTE: OpenVPN 2.1 requires '--script-security 2' or higher to call user-defined scripts or executables Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 PLUGIN_INIT: POST /usr/lib/openvpn/openvpn-auth-ldap.so '[/usr/lib/openvpn/openvpn-auth-ldap.so] [/etc/openvpn-test/openvpn-auth-ldap.conf]' intercepted=PLUGIN_AUTH_USER_PASS_VERIFY|PLUGIN_CLIENT_CONNECT|PLUGIN_CLIENT_DISCONNECT Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 Diffie-Hellman initialized with 1024 bit key Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 /usr/bin/openssl-vulnkey -q -b 1024 -m <modulus omitted> Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 Control Channel Authentication: using 'ta.key' as a OpenVPN static key file Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 Outgoing Control Channel Authentication: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 Incoming Control Channel Authentication: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 TLS-Auth MTU parms [ L:1543 D:168 EF:68 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 Socket Buffers: R=[87380->131072] S=[16384->131072] Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 TUN/TAP device tun1 opened Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 TUN/TAP TX queue length set to 100 Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 /sbin/ifconfig tun1 10.0.2.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 mtu 1500 broadcast 10.0.2.255 Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1543 D:1450 EF:43 EB:4 ET:0 EL:0 ] Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 GID set to nogroup Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 UID set to nobody Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 Listening for incoming TCP connection on [undef] Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 TCPv4_SERVER link local (bound): [undef] Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 TCPv4_SERVER link remote: [undef] Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 MULTI: multi_init called, r=256 v=256 Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 IFCONFIG POOL: base=10.0.2.2 size=252 Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 MULTI: TCP INIT maxclients=1024 maxevents=1028 Tue Nov 22 03:06:20 2011 Initialization Sequence Completed Tue Nov 22 03:07:10 2011 MULTI: multi_create_instance called Tue Nov 22 03:07:10 2011 Re-using SSL/TLS context Tue Nov 22 03:07:10 2011 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1543 D:168 EF:68 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Tue Nov 22 03:07:10 2011 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1543 D:1450 EF:43 EB:4 ET:0 EL:0 ] Tue Nov 22 03:07:10 2011 Local Options hash (VER=V4): 'c413e92e' Tue Nov 22 03:07:10 2011 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): 'd8421bb0' Tue Nov 22 03:07:10 2011 TCP connection established with [AF_INET]10.0.0.9:47808 Tue Nov 22 03:07:10 2011 TCPv4_SERVER link local: [undef] Tue Nov 22 03:07:10 2011 TCPv4_SERVER link remote: [AF_INET]10.0.0.9:47808 Tue Nov 22 03:07:11 2011 10.0.0.9:47808 TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]10.0.0.9:47808, sid=a2cd4052 84b47108 Tue Nov 22 03:07:11 2011 10.0.0.9:47808 TLS_ERROR: BIO read tls_read_plaintext error: error:140890C7:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE:peer did not return a certificate Tue Nov 22 03:07:11 2011 10.0.0.9:47808 TLS Error: TLS object -> incoming plaintext read error Tue Nov 22 03:07:11 2011 10.0.0.9:47808 TLS Error: TLS handshake failed Tue Nov 22 03:07:11 2011 10.0.0.9:47808 Fatal TLS error (check_tls_errors_co), restarting Tue Nov 22 03:07:11 2011 10.0.0.9:47808 SIGUSR1[soft,tls-error] received, client-instance restarting Tue Nov 22 03:07:11 2011 TCP/UDP: Closing socket client log: Tue Nov 22 03:06:18 2011 OpenVPN 2.1.3 x86_64-pc-linux-gnu [SSL] [LZO2] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [MH] [PF_INET6] [eurephia] built on Oct 22 2010 Enter Auth Username:user Enter Auth Password: Tue Nov 22 03:06:25 2011 NOTE: OpenVPN 2.1 requires '--script-security 2' or higher to call user-defined scripts or executables Tue Nov 22 03:06:25 2011 Control Channel Authentication: using 'ta.key' as a OpenVPN static key file Tue Nov 22 03:06:25 2011 Outgoing Control Channel Authentication: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Tue Nov 22 03:06:25 2011 Incoming Control Channel Authentication: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Tue Nov 22 03:06:25 2011 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1543 D:168 EF:68 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Tue Nov 22 03:06:25 2011 Socket Buffers: R=[87380->131072] S=[16384->131072] Tue Nov 22 03:06:25 2011 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1543 D:1450 EF:43 EB:4 ET:0 EL:0 ] Tue Nov 22 03:06:25 2011 Local Options hash (VER=V4): 'd8421bb0' Tue Nov 22 03:06:25 2011 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): 'c413e92e' Tue Nov 22 03:06:25 2011 Attempting to establish TCP connection with [AF_INET]10.0.0.2:1194 [nonblock] Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 TCP connection established with [AF_INET]10.0.0.2:1194 Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 TCPv4_CLIENT link local: [undef] Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 TCPv4_CLIENT link remote: [AF_INET]10.0.0.2:1194 Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]10.0.0.2:1194, sid=7a3c2a0f bd35bca7 Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 WARNING: this configuration may cache passwords in memory -- use the auth-nocache option to prevent this Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 VERIFY OK: depth=1, /C=US/ST=CA/L=SanFrancisco/O=Fort-Funston/CN=Fort-Funston_CA/[email protected] Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 Validating certificate key usage Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 ++ Certificate has key usage 00a0, expects 00a0 Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 VERIFY KU OK Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 Validating certificate extended key usage Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 ++ Certificate has EKU (str) TLS Web Server Authentication, expects TLS Web Server Authentication Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 VERIFY EKU OK Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=US/ST=CA/L=SanFrancisco/O=Fort-Funston/CN=server/[email protected] Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 Connection reset, restarting [0] Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 TCP/UDP: Closing socket Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 SIGUSR1[soft,connection-reset] received, process restarting Tue Nov 22 03:06:26 2011 Restart pause, 5 second(s) ^CTue Nov 22 03:06:27 2011 SIGINT[hard,init_instance] received, process exiting Does anybody know how to get openvpn-auth-ldap wirking?

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• Cisco 800 series won't forward port

  - by sam

  Hello ServerFault, I am trying to forward port 444 from my cisco router to my Web Server (192.168.0.2). As far as I can tell, my port forwarding is configured correctly, yet no traffic will pass through on port 444. Here is my config: ! version 12.3 service config no service pad service tcp-keepalives-in service tcp-keepalives-out service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime service password-encryption no service dhcp ! hostname QUESTMOUNT ! logging buffered 16386 informational logging rate-limit 100 except warnings no logging console no logging monitor enable secret 5 -removed- ! username administrator secret 5 -removed- username manager secret 5 -removed- clock timezone NZST 12 clock summer-time NZDT recurring 1 Sun Oct 2:00 3 Sun Mar 3:00 aaa new-model ! ! aaa authentication login default local aaa authentication login userlist local aaa authentication ppp default local aaa authorization network grouplist local aaa session-id common ip subnet-zero no ip source-route no ip domain lookup ip domain name quest.local ! ! no ip bootp server ip inspect name firewall tcp ip inspect name firewall udp ip inspect name firewall cuseeme ip inspect name firewall h323 ip inspect name firewall rcmd ip inspect name firewall realaudio ip inspect name firewall streamworks ip inspect name firewall vdolive ip inspect name firewall sqlnet ip inspect name firewall tftp ip inspect name firewall ftp ip inspect name firewall icmp ip inspect name firewall sip ip inspect name firewall fragment maximum 256 timeout 1 ip inspect name firewall netshow ip inspect name firewall rtsp ip inspect name firewall skinny ip inspect name firewall http ip audit notify log ip audit po max-events 100 ip audit name intrusion info list 3 action alarm ip audit name intrusion attack list 3 action alarm drop reset no ftp-server write-enable ! ! ! ! crypto isakmp policy 1 authentication pre-share ! crypto isakmp policy 2 encr 3des authentication pre-share group 2 ! crypto isakmp client configuration group staff key 0 qS;,sc:q<skro1^, domain quest.local pool vpnclients acl 106 ! ! crypto ipsec transform-set tr-null-sha esp-null esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set tr-des-md5 esp-des esp-md5-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set tr-des-sha esp-des esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set tr-3des-sha esp-3des esp-sha-hmac ! crypto dynamic-map vpnusers 1 description Client to Site VPN Users set transform-set tr-des-md5 ! ! crypto map cm-cryptomap client authentication list userlist crypto map cm-cryptomap isakmp authorization list grouplist crypto map cm-cryptomap client configuration address respond crypto map cm-cryptomap 65000 ipsec-isakmp dynamic vpnusers ! ! ! ! interface Ethernet0 ip address 192.168.0.254 255.255.255.0 ip access-group 102 in ip nat inside hold-queue 100 out ! interface ATM0 no ip address no atm ilmi-keepalive dsl operating-mode auto ! interface ATM0.1 point-to-point pvc 0/100 encapsulation aal5mux ppp dialer dialer pool-member 1 ! ! interface Dialer0 bandwidth 640 ip address negotiated ip access-group 101 in no ip redirects no ip unreachables ip nat outside ip inspect firewall out ip audit intrusion in encapsulation ppp no ip route-cache no ip mroute-cache dialer pool 1 dialer-group 1 no cdp enable ppp pap sent-username -removed- password 7 -removed- ppp ipcp dns request crypto map cm-cryptomap ! ip local pool vpnclients 192.168.99.1 192.168.99.254 ip nat inside source list 105 interface Dialer0 overload ip nat inside source static tcp 192.168.0.2 444 interface Dialer0 444 ip nat inside source static tcp 192.168.0.51 9000 interface Dialer0 9000 ip nat inside source static udp 192.168.0.2 1433 interface Dialer0 1433 ip nat inside source static tcp 192.168.0.2 1433 interface Dialer0 1433 ip nat inside source static tcp 192.168.0.2 25 interface Dialer0 25 ip classless ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Dialer0 ip http server no ip http secure-server ! ip access-list logging interval 10 logging 192.168.0.2 access-list 1 remark The local LAN. access-list 1 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 2 permit 192.168.0.0 access-list 2 remark Where management can be done from. access-list 2 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 3 remark Traffic not to check for intrustion detection. access-list 3 deny 192.168.99.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 3 permit any access-list 101 remark Traffic allowed to enter the router from the Internet access-list 101 permit ip 192.168.99.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 101 deny ip 0.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 127.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 169.254.0.0 0.0.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 172.16.0.0 0.15.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 192.0.2.0 0.0.0.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 198.18.0.0 0.1.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip 224.0.0.0 0.15.255.255 any access-list 101 deny ip any host 255.255.255.255 access-list 101 permit tcp 67.228.209.128 0.0.0.15 any eq 1433 access-list 101 permit tcp host 120.136.2.22 any eq 1433 access-list 101 permit tcp host 123.100.90.58 any eq 1433 access-list 101 permit udp 67.228.209.128 0.0.0.15 any eq 1433 access-list 101 permit udp host 120.136.2.22 any eq 1433 access-list 101 permit udp host 123.100.90.58 any eq 1433 access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq 444 access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq 9000 access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq smtp access-list 101 permit udp any any eq non500-isakmp access-list 101 permit udp any any eq isakmp access-list 101 permit esp any any access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq 1723 access-list 101 permit gre any any access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq 22 access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq telnet access-list 102 remark Traffic allowed to enter the router from the Ethernet access-list 102 permit ip any host 192.168.0.254 access-list 102 deny ip any host 192.168.0.255 access-list 102 deny udp any any eq tftp log access-list 102 permit ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.99.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 102 deny ip any 0.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 127.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 169.254.0.0 0.0.255.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 172.16.0.0 0.15.255.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 192.0.2.0 0.0.0.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 log access-list 102 deny ip any 198.18.0.0 0.1.255.255 log access-list 102 deny udp any any eq 135 log access-list 102 deny tcp any any eq 135 log access-list 102 deny udp any any eq netbios-ns log access-list 102 deny udp any any eq netbios-dgm log access-list 102 deny tcp any any eq 445 log access-list 102 permit ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 any access-list 102 permit ip any host 255.255.255.255 access-list 102 deny ip any any log access-list 105 remark Traffic to NAT access-list 105 deny ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.99.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 105 permit ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 any access-list 106 remark User to Site VPN Clients access-list 106 permit ip 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 any dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit ! line con 0 no modem enable line aux 0 line vty 0 4 access-class 2 in transport input telnet ssh transport output none ! scheduler max-task-time 5000 ! end any ideas? :)

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• openvpn: after changing to server mode, client does not create TUN device

  - by lurscher

  i had a previously working configuration with the config files used in a previous question However, i've changed this now to the following configuration using server mode, everything on the logs seem fine, however the client doesn't create any tun interface, so i don't have anything to connect to, presumably, i need to add or push some route commands, but i don't have any idea at this point what i need to do. I am posting all my relevant configuration files server.conf: dev tun server 10.8.117.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt tls-server dh /home/lurscher/keys/dh1024.pem ca /home/lurscher/keys/ca.crt cert /home/lurscher/keys/vpnCh8TestServer.crt key /home/lurscher/keys/vpnCh8TestServer.key status openvpn-status.log log openvpn.log comp-lzo verb 3 and client.conf: dev tun remote my.server.com tls-client ca /home/chuckq/keys/ca.crt cert /home/chuckq/keys/vpnCh8TestClient.crt key /home/chuckq/keys/vpnCh8TestClient.key ns-cert-type server ; port 1194 ; user nobody ; group nogroup status openvpn-status.log log openvpn.log comp-lzo verb 3 the server ifconfig shows a tun device: tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 inet addr:10.8.117.1 P-t-P:10.8.117.2 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) However the client ifconfig does not show any tun interface! $ ifconfig tun0 tun0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 POINTOPOINT NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) the client log says: Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 OpenVPN 2.1.0 i686-pc-linux-gnu [SSL] [LZO2] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [MH] [PF_INET6] [eurephia] built on Jul 12 2010 Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 IMPORTANT: OpenVPN's default port number is now 1194, based on an official port number assignment by IANA. OpenVPN 2.0-beta16 and earlier used 5000 as the default port. Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 NOTE: the current --script-security setting may allow this configuration to call user-defined scripts Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 /usr/bin/openssl-vulnkey -q -b 1024 -m <modulus omitted> Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 LZO compression initialized Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:138 EF:38 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 TUN/TAP device tun0 opened Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 TUN/TAP TX queue length set to 100 Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:0 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '41690919' Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): '530fdded' Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 Socket Buffers: R=[114688->131072] S=[114688->131072] Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 UDPv4 link local (bound): [undef] Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 UDPv4 link remote: [AF_INET]192.168.0.101:1194 Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]192.168.0.101:1194, sid=8e8bdc33 f4275407 Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 VERIFY OK: depth=1, /C=CA/ST=Out/L=There/O=Ubuntu/OU=Home/CN=Ubuntu_CA/name=lurscher/[email protected] Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 VERIFY OK: nsCertType=SERVER Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=CA/ST=Out/L=There/O=Ubuntu/OU=Home/CN=vpnCh8TestServer/name=lurscher/[email protected] Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA Tue May 17 23:27:09 2011 [vpnCh8TestServer] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]192.168.0.101:1194 Tue May 17 23:27:10 2011 Initialization Sequence Completed the client status log: OpenVPN STATISTICS Updated,Tue May 17 23:30:09 2011 TUN/TAP read bytes,0 TUN/TAP write bytes,0 TCP/UDP read bytes,5604 TCP/UDP write bytes,4244 Auth read bytes,0 pre-compress bytes,0 post-compress bytes,0 pre-decompress bytes,0 post-decompress bytes,0 END and the server log says: Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 OpenVPN 2.1.0 x86_64-pc-linux-gnu [SSL] [LZO2] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [MH] [PF_INET6] [eurephia] built on Jul 12 2010 Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 IMPORTANT: OpenVPN's default port number is now 1194, based on an official port number assignment by IANA. OpenVPN 2.0-beta16 and earlier used 5000 as the default port. Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 WARNING: --keepalive option is missing from server config Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 NOTE: your local LAN uses the extremely common subnet address 192.168.0.x or 192.168.1.x. Be aware that this might create routing conflicts if you connect to the VPN server from public locations such as internet cafes that use the same subnet. Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 NOTE: the current --script-security setting may allow this configuration to call user-defined scripts Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 Diffie-Hellman initialized with 1024 bit key Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 /usr/bin/openssl-vulnkey -q -b 1024 -m <modulus omitted> Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 TLS-Auth MTU parms [ L:1542 D:138 EF:38 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 ROUTE default_gateway=192.168.0.1 Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 TUN/TAP device tun0 opened Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 TUN/TAP TX queue length set to 100 Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 /sbin/ifconfig tun0 10.8.117.1 pointopoint 10.8.117.2 mtu 1500 Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 /sbin/route add -net 10.8.117.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 10.8.117.2 Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:0 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 Socket Buffers: R=[126976->131072] S=[126976->131072] Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 UDPv4 link local (bound): [undef] Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 UDPv4 link remote: [undef] Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 MULTI: multi_init called, r=256 v=256 Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 IFCONFIG POOL: base=10.8.117.4 size=62 Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 IFCONFIG POOL LIST Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 vpnCh8TestClient,10.8.117.4 Tue May 17 23:18:25 2011 Initialization Sequence Completed Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 MULTI: multi_create_instance called Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 Re-using SSL/TLS context Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 LZO compression initialized Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:138 EF:38 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1542 D:1450 EF:42 EB:135 ET:0 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '530fdded' Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): '41690919' Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 TLS: Initial packet from [AF_INET]192.168.0.104:1194, sid=8972b565 79323f68 Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 VERIFY OK: depth=1, /C=CA/ST=Out/L=There/O=Ubuntu/OU=Home/CN=Ubuntu_CA/name=lurscher/[email protected] Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 VERIFY OK: depth=0, /C=CA/ST=Out/L=There/O=Ubuntu/OU=Home/CN=Ubuntu_CA/name=lurscher/[email protected] Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 1024 bit RSA Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 192.168.0.104:1194 [vpnCh8TestClient] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]192.168.0.104:1194 Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 vpnCh8TestClient/192.168.0.104:1194 MULTI: Learn: 10.8.117.6 -> vpnCh8TestClient/192.168.0.104:1194 Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 vpnCh8TestClient/192.168.0.104:1194 MULTI: primary virtual IP for vpnCh8TestClient/192.168.0.104:1194: 10.8.117.6 finally, the server status log: OpenVPN CLIENT LIST Updated,Tue May 17 23:36:25 2011 Common Name,Real Address,Bytes Received,Bytes Sent,Connected Since vpnCh8TestClient,192.168.0.104:1194,4244,5604,Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 ROUTING TABLE Virtual Address,Common Name,Real Address,Last Ref 10.8.117.6,vpnCh8TestClient,192.168.0.104:1194,Tue May 17 23:27:22 2011 GLOBAL STATS Max bcast/mcast queue length,0 END

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• nginx - redirection doesn't work as expected

  - by Luis

  I have a domain listening on both http and https. I want to redirect all the traffic to https except for two specific locations. It works, but only for mydomain.com, not for www.mydomain.com. Here the config: upstream mydomain_rails { server unix:/home/deploy/mydomain/shared/pids/unicorn.sock; } # blog.mydomain.com server { listen 80; server_name blog.mydomain.com; rewrite ^ http://www.mydomain.com/de/blog permanent; } # blog.mydomain.com.br server { listen 80; server_name blog.mydomain.com.br; rewrite ^ http://www.mydomain.com/br/blog permanent; } # www.mydomain.de server { listen 80; server_name mydomain.de www.mydomain.de; rewrite ^ https://www.mydomain.com/de permanent; } # www.mydomain.com.br server { listen 80; server_name mydomain.com.br www.mydomain.com.br; rewrite ^ https://www.mydomain.com/br permanent; } server { listen 80; server_name mydomain.com; rewrite ^ http://www.mydomain.com$request_uri permanent; } ## www.mydomain.com ## Redirect http to https, keep blogs on plain http server { listen 80; server_name www.mydomain.com; location / { # if ($host ~* ^(www\.mydomain\.com)$ ) { rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://www.mydomain.com/$1 permanent; # } # return 444; } # Matches any request starting with '/br/blog' and proxies to the upstream blog instance location ~* /br/blog { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; if (!-f $request_filename) { rewrite ^/br/blog$ /; rewrite ^/br/blog/(.*)$ /$1; proxy_pass http://mydomain_blog_br; break; } } # Matches any request starting with '/de/blog' and proxies to the upstream blog instance location ~* /de/blog { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; if (!-f $request_filename) { rewrite ^/de/blog$ /; rewrite ^/de/blog/(.*)$ /$1; proxy_pass http://mydomain_blog; break; } } } # www.mydomain.com server { add_header Cache-Control "public, must-revalidate"; server_name mydomain.com www.mydomain.com; listen 443; ssl on; ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/mydomain.com/sslchain.crt; ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/mydomain.com/privatekey.key; ## Strict Transport Security (ForceHTTPS), max-age 30d add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=2592000; includeSubdomains"; ## Due SSL encryption, rather to increase the keepalive requests and timeout keepalive_requests 10; keepalive_timeout 60 60; root /home/deploy/mydomain/current/public/; error_log /home/deploy/mydomain/shared/log/nginx.error.log info; access_log /home/deploy/mydomain/shared/log/nginx.access.log main; ## Redirect from non-www to www if ($host = 'mydomain.com' ) { rewrite ^/(.*)$ https://www.mydomain.com/$1 permanent; } ## Caching images for 3 months location ~* \.(ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png)\?[0-9]+$ { expires 30d; break; } ## Deny illegal Host headers if ($host !~* ^(mydomain.com|www.mydomain.com)$ ) { return 444; } ## Deny certain User-Agents (case insensitive) if ($http_user_agent ~* (Baiduspider|webalta|Wget|WordPress|youdao|jakarta) ) { return 444; } ## Deny certain Referers (case insensitive) if ($http_referer ~* (dating|diamond|forsale|girl|jewelry|nudit|poker|porn|poweroversoftware|sex|teen|webcam|zippo|zongdo) ) { return 444; } ## Enable maintenance page. The page is copied in during capistrano deployment set $maintenance 0; if (-f $document_root/index.html) { set $maintenance 1; } if ($request_uri ~* (jpg|jpeg|gif|png|js|css)$) { set $maintenance 0; } if ($maintenance) { rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.html last; break; } location /uk { auth_basic "Restricted"; auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/htpasswd; root /home/deploy/mydomain/current/public/; try_files $uri @fallback; } # Matches any request starting with '/br/blog' and proxies to the upstream blog instance location ^~ /br/blog { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; if (!-f $request_filename) { rewrite ^/br/blog$ /; rewrite ^/br/blog/(.*)$ /$1; proxy_pass http://mydomain_blog_br; break; } } # Matches any request starting with '/de/blog' and proxies to the upstream blog instance location ^~ /de/blog { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; if (!-f $request_filename) { rewrite ^/de/blog$ /; rewrite ^/de/blog/(.*)$ /$1; proxy_pass http://mydomain_blog; break; }} # Matches any request starting with '/lp' and proxies to the upstream blog instance location /lp { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; rewrite ^/lp(/?.*)$ /$1; proxy_pass http://mydomain_landingpage; break; } #Matches any request, and looks for static files before reverse proxying to the upstream app server socket location / { root /home/deploy/mydomain/current/public/; try_files $uri @fallback; } # Called after the above pattern, if no static file is found location @fallback { proxy_set_header X-Sendfile-Type X-Accel-Redirect; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://mydomain_rails; } ## All other errors get the generic error page error_page 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 495 496 497 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 /500.html; location /500.html { root /home/deploy/mydomain/current/public/; } } I defined the blog upstream. As said, it works properly for mydomain.com, but not for www.mydomain.com. Any idea?

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• How mod_cache working with "must-revalidate" and "max-age"?

  - by Dmitriy Sosunov

  Quick question before I will explain my flow: ?an mod_cache perform revalidate with if-none-match only if max-age is expired in case if it configured in reverse proxy mode? My goal is to reduce a number of revalidation requests to our the origin server. For instance: The first request goes to the origin server and then mod_cache save a response in to the cache according to header cache-control: max-age. And only when max-age is expired then mod_cache will revalidate with if-none-match. Currently, mod_cache revalidate each request, regardless that max-age is defined or not. My configuration of Apache 2.4.3 (Windows), on linux I see the same behavior that I will show below. ServerName proxy.lo ProxyRequests Off ProxyPreserveHost Off Header set Vary "Accept, Content-Type, Content-Encoding, Accept-Language" RequestHeader set X-Forwarded-Proto "http" # modify header for user agent's Header set Cache-Control "private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform" CacheQuickHandler off CacheDefaultExpire 300 # the origin server do not provide last-modified CacheIgnoreNoLastMod On CacheIgnoreCacheControl On # the origin server define cache-control: private, no-store only for user agents # Therefore, I would like ignore those headers on the proxy server. CacheStorePrivate On CacheStoreNoStore On CacheEnable disk / CacheRoot "C:/Apache.Cache" CacheDirLevels 5 CacheDirLength 4 CacheMinExpire 15 CacheDetailHeader on CacheHeader on KeepAlive Off ProxyPass / http://origin.lo/ ProxyPassReverse / http://origin.lo/ Also, I have turned on debug log level to see how mod_cache handles a content for caching: I provided this to show that mod_proxy always decides that a content isn't fresh. Why?I provided this to show that mod_proxy always decide that a content isn't fresh. Why? max-age was provided (see below). [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] cache_storage.c(624): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00698: cache: Key for entity /testpage?(null) is http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(569): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00709: Recalled cached URL info header http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(865): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00720: Recalled headers for URL http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] cache_storage.c(320): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00695: Cached response for /testpage isn't fresh. Adding/replacing conditional request headers. [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(414): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00757: Adding CACHE_SAVE filter for /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(448): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00759: Adding CACHE_REMOVE_URL filter for /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_proxy.c(1068): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH01143: Running scheme http handler (attempt 0) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(1976): AH00942: HTTP: has acquired connection for (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2029): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00944: connecting http://origin.lo/testpage to origin.lo:80 [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.901890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2151): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00947: connected /testpage to origin.lo:80 [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.901890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2554): AH00962: HTTP: connection complete to 192.168.1.100:80 (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(1991): AH00943: http: has released connection for (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [headers:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_headers.c(800): AH01502: headers: ap_headers_output_filter() [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(1190): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00769: cache: Caching url: /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(1196): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00770: cache: Removing CACHE_REMOVE_URL filter. [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.904890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(1318): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00737: commit_entity: Headers and body for URL http://proxy.lo/testpage? cached. The first request to the origin server without mod_proxy to http://origin.lo/ GET http://origin.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: origin.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 The first response from the origin without mod_proxy HTTP/1.1 200 OK Cache-Control: must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=30 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:11:01 GMT Content-Length: 1877 So, I assumed that revalidation must be occur only in 30 seconds after the success response. Is't right? Let's check it:) Within 30 sec, the Google Chrome didn't perform any requests to the origin server to revalidate a request and has return the response from local cache. When max-age is expired, the Google Chrome perform a request to revalidate: GET http://origin.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: origin.lo Connection: keep-alive Cache-Control: max-age=0 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/xml If-None-Match: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and response: HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified Cache-Control: must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=30 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:16:20 GMT As you can see, all works as expected. User agent revalidates request only when max-age is expired. Let's now try perform the folling flow though mod_proxy (see configuration above). The first request: GET http://proxy.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: proxy.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and the response was: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:23:36 GMT Server: Apache Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept,Content-Type,Content-Encoding,Accept-Language X-Cache: MISS from proxy.lo X-Cache-Detail: "cache miss: attempting entity save" from proxy.lo Connection: close Ok, let's see to the disk cache and try to see how request and response was stored. (I cut binary data) http://proxy.lo/testpage? Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:27:15 GMT Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept, Content-Type, Content-Encoding, Accept-Language Host: proxy.lo User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 X-Forwarded-Proto: http Cache-Control: max-age=300, must-revalidate X-Forwarded-For: 192.168.1.100 X-Forwarded-Host: proxy.lo X-Forwarded-Server: origin.lo Ok, what we see? We see that the first request was performed with max-age=300 & must-revalidate Ok, looks good, as for me, lets perform the next call: GET http://proxy.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: proxy.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and the second response from mod_proxy: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:31:58 GMT Server: Apache Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept,Content-Type,Content-Encoding,Accept-Language X-Cache: REVALIDATE from proxy.lo X-Cache-Detail: "conditional cache hit: entity refreshed" from proxy.lo Connection: close Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 SO, MY QUESTION IS: WHY mod_proxy perform revalidation on each request regardless that max-age is defined? N.B. Apache 2.4.3 Thanks, I would be grateful for any help.

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