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  • How do you recommend installing Linux on a computer that has no external drive or ability to boot fr

    - by 7777
    I have an old Toshiba Portege 3505 "ultralight" laptop, meaning it doesn't have any kind of disk drive on it at all, that I'd like to completely reformat and install Linux on. However, it won't boot from any drive (and I don't have any on hand), so I'll have to install it from a USB drive (which I doubt it boots from either). (I'm not sure how to change the settings in my BIOS to get my computer to boot from a USB stick. Any ideas for this?) How do you recommend I do this? I want to note that I don't want to run Linux off a LiveUSB, I want to actually install it on the machine. I was thinking about Damn Small Linux, it's tiny and all I need. Any advice or suggestions for something else though? Finally, I'm a total newbie to this, I've never installed Linux on anything before so I might be a little slow on some stuff! Thanks!

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  • How to create a readonly root linux: Can be mounted as writeable for persistent changes?

    - by Mr Anderson
    I'd like a read only file system that runs almost entirely in RAM but the compact flash or hardrive can be mounted and made writeable to make persistent changes. How do I do this on Linux? I've looked at several tutorials but none really explain how to create such a system with the option of being able to mount the storage device and make persistent changes. I looked at this so far: http://chschneider.eu/linux/thin_client/ I also looked on the old gentoo wiki but the article was very specific to Gentoo. I'll be using a debian based Linux but it would be nice I've someone could explain to me how to do this in pretty generic instructions ,that would work on any Linux distro. Thanks.

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  • Sun-JRE on CentOS-4.8 RPM error: post-install scriptlet failed, exit status 5

    - by Emyr
    I have a server with CentOS 4.8 installed. The provided is rubbish, but there's only a few months left, and they're busy being sued by Chase bank, so I doubt I can get CentOS 5. I wiped the server clean using Virtuozzo, and found that the default image is VERY empty. I even had to install yum myself. I've reached the point where I want to install TomCat. I downloaded the Sun JRE as a .rpm.bin file, did chmod a+x and ran it. That produced a .rpm file, which I tried installing: [root@host java]# rpm -Uvh jre-6u20-linux-i586.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:jre ########################################### [100%] Unpacking JAR files... rt.jar... jsse.jar... charsets.jar... localedata.jar... plugin.jar... javaws.jar... deploy.jar... error: %post(jre-1.6.0_20-fcs.i586) scriptlet failed, exit status 5 [root@host java]# rpm -qi jre Name : jre Relocations: /usr/java Version : 1.6.0_20 Vendor: Sun Microsystems, Inc. Release : fcs Build Date: Mon Apr 12 19:34:13 2010 Install Date: Thu May 6 06:36:17 2010 Build Host: jdk-lin-1586 Group : Development/Tools Source RPM: jre-1.6.0_20-fcs.src.rpm Size : 50708634 License: Sun Microsystems Binary Code License (BCL) Signature : (none) Packager : Java Software <[email protected]> URL : http://java.sun.com/ Summary : Java(TM) Platform Standard Edition Runtime Environment Description : The Java Platform Standard Edition Runtime Environment (JRE) contains everything necessary to run applets and applications designed for the Java platform. This includes the Java virtual machine, plus the Java platform classes and supporting files. The JRE is freely redistributable, per the terms of the included license. [root@host java]# I couldn't find any results on Google for any parts of that error message, and I have very little experience of rpm (I usually use Debian). Is this a broken package, or am I missing something or some setting?

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  • An easily customizable linux distribution using minimal disk space?

    - by Frank
    I'm looking for a linux distribution that can be easily used to create my own distribution that's the same system with some software installed. So basically I should be able to create an iso which, when installed, will have the linux distribution with my desired installed. More specifically, I plan on installing mysql and a bit of my own software which shouldn't be too big. However, this distribution needs to be extremely small in terms of disk space. The distribution, including mysql should not exceed 100mb. It should, of course still be able to connect to the internet and perform other standard functions. I don't need X/any sort of window manager, and would prefer not to have it since it would increase disk usage. Currently I have tried ttylinux and tiny core linux. I've found that ttylinux, while is extremely small, has almost nothing so that mysql can't even be installed. Tiny core linux, on the other hand is a bit too big. I've found openembedded and linux from scratch, but I would prefer for the install and build process to be much easier. What other distribution would you recommend for my purposes? Minimizing disk usage is the most important, followed by ease of installing and creating the custom distribution.

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  • How to install Revolution R Enterprise?

    - by Abe
    Revolution R Enterprise is available as a red-hat rpm file. Normally I would use alien to install an rpm file, but the instructions for installing this package have an install.py file that I am supposed to execute. When I ./install.py, I get the following instructions: rpm: please use alien to install rpm packages on Debian, if you are really sure use --force-debian switch. See README.Debian for more details. There is no README.Debian file in the directory, and although I am not proficient in python, I can tell that there are at least four different directories with *rpm files in them. Has anyone had success with this? If possible, I'd prefer to install the Enterprise version instead of community version in the Ubuntu repository so that I can test it out.

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  • Installing a php extension (xdiff) from pecl on Linux

    - by wilsonsilva
    I was getting this error on my php script: Fatal error: Call to undefined function xdiff_file_diff() I realised that I didn't had the xdiff extension installed. When I tried to install it using the install pecl xdiff command, I got this errors (among other lines): configure: WARNING: You will need re2c 0.13.4 or later if you want to regenerate PHP configure: error: Please reinstall the libxdiff distribution Then I installed re2c and libxdiff: wget http://www.compdigitec.com/labs/files/re2c_0135_redhat.rpm wget ftp://ftp.task.gda.pl/vol/vol1/ftp.pld-linux.org/dists/2.0/PLD/i386/PLD/RPMS/libxdiff-0.7-1.i386.rpm rpm -ivh re2c_0135_redhat.rpm rpm -ivh libxdiff-0.7-1.i386 But after that I still get the same errors. PS: I've Googled a LOT and I found a couple of people with this problem but they didn't get an answer either :(

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  • What is the easiest x86 Embedded Linux?

    - by QAH
    I want to play around with some embedded linux. I want it to be able to run on an x86 processor (for start, it will be running on my regular PC). I have looked online, but the ones I have found seem hard to setup or lack proper documentation. So what are some good embedded x86 compatible linux distros that are easy to setup or have good documentation on how to get things setup?

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  • Connecting Linux to WatchGuard Firebox SSL (OpenVPN client)

    Recently, I got a new project assignment that requires to connect permanently to the customer's network through VPN. They are using a so-called SSL VPN. As I am using OpenVPN since more than 5 years within my company's network I was quite curious about their solution and how it would actually be different from OpenVPN. Well, short version: It is a disguised version of OpenVPN. Unfortunately, the company only offers a client for Windows and Mac OS which shouldn't bother any Linux user after all. OpenVPN is part of every recent distribution and can be activated in a couple of minutes - both client as well as server (if necessary). WatchGuard Firebox SSL - About dialog Borrowing some files from a Windows client installation Initially, I didn't know about the product, so therefore I went through the installation on Windows 8. No obstacles (and no restart despite installation of TAP device drivers!) here and the secured VPN channel was up and running in less than 2 minutes or so. Much appreciated from both parties - customer and me. Of course, this whole client package and my long year approved and stable installation ignited my interest to have a closer look at the WatchGuard client. Compared to the original OpenVPN client (okay, I have to admit this is years ago) this commercial product is smarter in terms of file locations during installation. You'll be able to access the configuration and key files below your roaming application data folder. To get there, simply enter '%AppData%\WatchGuard\Mobile VPN' in your Windows/File Explorer and confirm with Enter/Return. This will display the following files: Application folder below user profile with configuration and certificate files From there we are going to borrow four files, namely: ca.crt client.crt client.ovpn client.pem and transfer them to the Linux system. You might also be able to isolate those four files from a Mac OS client. Frankly, I'm just too lazy to run the WatchGuard client installation on a Mac mini only to find the folder location, and I'm going to describe why a little bit further down this article. I know that you can do that! Feedback in the comment section is appreciated. Configuration of OpenVPN (console) Depending on your distribution the following steps might be a little different but in general you should be able to get the important information from it. I'm going to describe the steps in Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail). As usual, there are two possibilities to achieve your goal: console and UI. Let's what it is necessary to be done. First of all, you should ensure that you have OpenVPN installed on your system. Open your favourite terminal application and run the following statement: $ sudo apt-get install openvpn network-manager-openvpn network-manager-openvpn-gnome Just to be on the safe side. The four above mentioned files from your Windows machine could be copied anywhere but either you place them below your own user directory or you put them (as root) below the default directory: /etc/openvpn At this stage you would be able to do a test run already. Just in case, run the following command and check the output (it's the similar information you would get from the 'View Logs...' context menu entry in Windows: $ sudo openvpn --config client.ovpn Pay attention to the correct path to your configuration and certificate files. OpenVPN will ask you to enter your Auth Username and Auth Password in order to establish the VPN connection, same as the Windows client. Remote server and user authentication to establish the VPN Please complete the test run and see whether all went well. You can disconnect pressing Ctrl+C. Simplifying your life - authentication file In my case, I actually set up the OpenVPN client on my gateway/router. This establishes a VPN channel between my network and my client's network and allows me to switch machines easily without having the necessity to install the WatchGuard client on each and every machine. That's also very handy for my various virtualised Windows machines. Anyway, as the client configuration, key and certificate files are located on a headless system somewhere under the roof, it is mandatory to have an automatic connection to the remote site. For that you should first change the file extension '.ovpn' to '.conf' which is the default extension on Linux systems for OpenVPN, and then open the client configuration file in order to extend an existing line. $ sudo mv client.ovpn client.conf $ sudo nano client.conf You should have a similar content to this one here: dev tunclientproto tcp-clientca ca.crtcert client.crtkey client.pemtls-remote "/O=WatchGuard_Technologies/OU=Fireware/CN=Fireware_SSLVPN_Server"remote-cert-eku "TLS Web Server Authentication"remote 1.2.3.4 443persist-keypersist-tunverb 3mute 20keepalive 10 60cipher AES-256-CBCauth SHA1float 1reneg-sec 3660nobindmute-replay-warningsauth-user-pass auth.txt Note: I changed the IP address of the remote directive above (which should be obvious, right?). Anyway, the required change is marked in red and we have to create a new authentication file 'auth.txt'. You can give the directive 'auth-user-pass' any file name you'd like to. Due to my existing OpenVPN infrastructure my setup differs completely from the above written content but for sake of simplicity I just keep it 'as-is'. Okay, let's create this file 'auth.txt' $ sudo nano auth.txt and just put two lines of information in it - username on the first, and password on the second line, like so: myvpnusernameverysecretpassword Store the file, change permissions, and call openvpn with your configuration file again: $ sudo chmod 0600 auth.txt $ sudo openvpn --config client.conf This should now work without being prompted to enter username and password. In case that you placed your files below the system-wide location /etc/openvpn you can operate your VPNs also via service command like so: $ sudo service openvpn start client $ sudo service openvpn stop client Using Network Manager For newer Linux users or the ones with 'console-phobia' I'm going to describe now how to use Network Manager to setup the OpenVPN client. For this move your mouse to the systray area and click on Network Connections => VPN Connections => Configure VPNs... which opens your Network Connections dialog. Alternatively, use the HUD and enter 'Network Connections'. Network connections overview in Ubuntu Click on 'Add' button. On the next dialog select 'Import a saved VPN configuration...' from the dropdown list and click on 'Create...' Choose connection type to import VPN configuration Now you navigate to your folder where you put the client files from the Windows system and you open the 'client.ovpn' file. Next, on the tab 'VPN' proceed with the following steps (directives from the configuration file are referred): General Check the IP address of Gateway ('remote' - we used 1.2.3.4 in this setup) Authentication Change Type to 'Password with Certificates (TLS)' ('auth-pass-user') Enter User name to access your client keys (Auth Name: myvpnusername) Enter Password (Auth Password: verysecretpassword) and choose your password handling Browse for your User Certificate ('cert' - should be pre-selected with client.crt) Browse for your CA Certificate ('ca' - should be filled as ca.crt) Specify your Private Key ('key' - here: client.pem) Then click on the 'Advanced...' button and check the following values: Use custom gateway port: 443 (second value of 'remote' directive) Check the selected value of Cipher ('cipher') Check HMAC Authentication ('auth') Enter the Subject Match: /O=WatchGuard_Technologies/OU=Fireware/CN=Fireware_SSLVPN_Server ('tls-remote') Finally, you have to confirm and close all dialogs. You should be able to establish your OpenVPN-WatchGuard connection via Network Manager. For that, click on the 'VPN Connections => client' entry on your Network Manager in the systray. It is advised that you keep an eye on the syslog to see whether there are any problematic issues that would require some additional attention. Advanced topic: routing As stated above, I'm running the 'WatchGuard client for Linux' on my head-less server, and since then I'm actually establishing a secure communication channel between two networks. In order to enable your network clients to get access to machines on the remote side there are two possibilities to enable that: Proper routing on both sides of the connection which enables both-direction access, or Network masquerading on the 'client side' of the connection Following, I'm going to describe the second option a little bit more in detail. The Linux system that I'm using is already configured as a gateway to the internet. I won't explain the necessary steps to do that, and will only focus on the additional tweaks I had to do. You can find tons of very good instructions and tutorials on 'How to setup a Linux gateway/router' - just use Google. OK, back to the actual modifications. First, we need to have some information about the network topology and IP address range used on the 'other' side. We can get this very easily from /var/log/syslog after we established the OpenVPN channel, like so: $ sudo tail -n20 /var/log/syslog Or if your system is quite busy with logging, like so: $ sudo less /var/log/syslog | grep ovpn The output should contain PUSH received message similar to the following one: Jul 23 23:13:28 ios1 ovpn-client[789]: PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,topology subnet,route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0,dhcp-option DOMAIN ,route-gateway 192.168.6.1,topology subnet,ping 10,ping-restart 60,ifconfig 192.168.6.2 255.255.255.0' The interesting part for us is the route command which I highlighted already in the sample PUSH_REPLY. Depending on your remote server there might be multiple networks defined (172.16.x.x and/or 10.x.x.x). Important: The IP address range on both sides of the connection has to be different, otherwise you will have to shuffle IPs or increase your the netmask. {loadposition content_adsense} After the VPN connection is established, we have to extend the rules for iptables in order to route and masquerade IP packets properly. I created a shell script to take care of those steps: #!/bin/sh -eIPTABLES=/sbin/iptablesDEV_LAN=eth0DEV_VPNS=tun+VPN=192.168.1.0/24 $IPTABLES -A FORWARD -i $DEV_LAN -o $DEV_VPNS -d $VPN -j ACCEPT$IPTABLES -A FORWARD -i $DEV_VPNS -o $DEV_LAN -s $VPN -j ACCEPT$IPTABLES -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o $DEV_VPNS -d $VPN -j MASQUERADE I'm using the wildcard interface 'tun+' because I have multiple client configurations for OpenVPN on my server. In your case, it might be sufficient to specify device 'tun0' only. Simplifying your life - automatic connect on boot Now, that the client connection works flawless, configuration of routing and iptables is okay, we might consider to add another 'laziness' factor into our setup. Due to kernel updates or other circumstances it might be necessary to reboot your system. Wouldn't it be nice that the VPN connections are established during the boot procedure? Yes, of course it would be. To achieve this, we have to configure OpenVPN to automatically start our VPNs via init script. Let's have a look at the responsible 'default' file and adjust the settings accordingly. $ sudo nano /etc/default/openvpn Which should have a similar content to this: # This is the configuration file for /etc/init.d/openvpn## Start only these VPNs automatically via init script.# Allowed values are "all", "none" or space separated list of# names of the VPNs. If empty, "all" is assumed.# The VPN name refers to the VPN configutation file name.# i.e. "home" would be /etc/openvpn/home.conf#AUTOSTART="all"#AUTOSTART="none"#AUTOSTART="home office"## ... more information which remains unmodified ... With the OpenVPN client configuration as described above you would either set AUTOSTART to "all" or to "client" to enable automatic start of your VPN(s) during boot. You should also take care that your iptables commands are executed after the link has been established, too. You can easily test this configuration without reboot, like so: $ sudo service openvpn restart Enjoy stable VPN connections between your Linux system(s) and a WatchGuard Firebox SSL remote server. Cheers, JoKi

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  • The Linux Foundation Store: Linux gets silly

    <b>Cyber Cynic:</b> "...the Linux Foundation, the non-profit organization dedicated to growing Linux, has launched a new Linux merchandise store featuring a line of exclusive and original T-shirts, hats, mugs and other items that reflect "geek culture.""

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  • Embedded linux Development learning

    - by user1797375
    I come from a windows background and i am proficient with the .net platform. For work, i need to bring up a custom embedded system platform. We have bought the pandaboard ES as the test platform. The application is to stream images over the wifi. If you think about it, we are building something similar to a netgear router - the only difference being when you log into the device it serves images. Because my background is in windows i am not quite sure how to start off with embedded linux development. in reading through various sites i have come to the conclusion that going to linux as development host is the best option. Can some one point to me in the right direction regarding the set up. I have a windows machine that will be used for development purposes. I can either do a virtual box or setup a partition for linux. But the finer details are what throwing me off..what i need to know is 1) once i install linux what other software do I need - Code blocks, 2) what about toolchain 3) How to debug - through serial port ? 4) Is there a way to send the image built directly to the CF card? Thanks

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  • Do we really need a thousand Linux distributions?

    - by nebukadnezzar
    Pointed from an answer to a (possibly related) question, I came across this graphic, and I'm shocked how many linux distributions currently exist. However, it seems that most of these distributions are forks of already popular distributions with minimal changes, usually limited to themes, wallpapers, buttons, the kind of stuff most people probably wouldn't see as a reason to fork a Linux distribution. Of course, someone will always say "Opensource is also about the freedom of choice", and while I wholeheartedly agree, I do not believe that this is a valid reason to fork an already perfectly working Distribution into a new one, which might possibly result in less security/stability due to smaller group of developers. There's another problem: Those, who want to switch to Linux, are confronted with a neverending list of Linux distributions, and wonder rightfully which they're supposed to chose (infact, I was facing that problem before I've discovered Ubuntu). There might be (very few) valid reasons to fork a distribution: Specializing on a particular topic (FOSS Only, work-related topic (i.e., for a Hospital), etc) An exceptional architecture, that requires a special set of software Use of non-FOSS, propietary technology, and such But even with these points in mind, it would still seem easier to create a subdistribution with the required changes, such as XUbuntu with XFCE4, KUbuntu with KDE4, Fluxbuntu with Fluxbox, etc. So, why exactly do we need so many distributions?

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  • Linux 2.6.31 Scheduler and Multithreaded Jobs

    - by dsimcha
    I run massively parallel scientific computing jobs on a shared Linux computer with 24 cores. Most of the time my jobs are capable of scaling to 24 cores when nothing else is running on this computer. However, it seems like when even one single-threaded job that isn't mine is running, my 24-thread jobs (which I set for high nice values) only manage to get ~1800% CPU (using Linux notation). Meanwhile, about 500% of the CPU cycles (again, using Linux notation) are idle. Can anyone explain this behavior and what I can do about it to get all of the 23 cores that aren't being used by someone else? Notes: In case it's relevant, I have observed this on slightly different kernel versions, though I can't remember which off the top of my head. The CPU architecture is x64. Is it at all possible that the fact that my 24-core jobs are 32-bit and the other jobs I'm competing w/ are 64-bit is relevant? Edit: One thing I just noticed is that going up to 30 threads seems to alleviate the problem to some degree. It gets me up to ~2100% CPU.

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  • [RPM Building] How to take user input during install

    - by Sam
    So when I create a debian package, I am able to write a post-installation shell script that runs just fine. Currently mine is configured to do echo "Please enter your MySQL Database user (default root)" read MYSQL_USER echo "Please enter the MySQL Database user password (default root)" read -s MYSQL_PASS DBEXIST=0 CMD="create database lportal;use lportal;" (mysql -u$MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASS -e "$CMD") || ((DBEXIST++)) if [ $DBEXIST -ne 0 ]; then echo "Setup finished, but MySQL already has an lportal table. This could be from a previous installation of Liferay. If you want a fresh installation of this bundle, please remove the lportal table and reinstall this package." fi This works fine for Ubuntu. However, I can't seem to get user input to work with RPMs for Fedora. Is there a good way to take user input? From what I understand, RPMs were designed not to allow interactive installs. However I can't see a better way to do this.. Is there possibly a way to automatically find local MySQL settings without asking the user? Otherwise, what's the best way to ask for user input?

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  • Simple P2V help from Linux to Windows

    - by Ke.
    I have two OS's installed on different drives in my PC. One linux (Centos 5.4) and one windows 7. Its getting tiresome to constantly have to stop and restart the PC when I want to use either OS. I would very much like to use Windows 7 as my host OS and access my linux OS from within Windows. However, im having trouble deciphering exactly how to do this (many of the articles seem confusing and a bit overkill) From what i have seen its possible to use VMWare converter to convert the physical linux image to a virtual image so that I can use it in windows. As im having problems understanding how this is done, I would really appreciate a step by step guide (for a newbie), or any simple tutorials that you can point me at. Some questions beforehand: 1) My linux image is around 80gb, do i need to take this into consideration? The linux drive is around 180gb in total. All my other drives are NTFS non writeable in linux (as I use them in windows and ntfs is dodgy in linux), so probably not possible to move the image over to my ntfs drives 2) Can I just zip the linux files up somehow and transfer it to windows to create the p2v? 3) Is it possible to do the P2V conversion while I am logged into windows. I can see the actual linux drive loaded in disk manager, but windows doesnt read linux file systems so im confused as to how to access the linux drive if this is possible. 4) Or will i need to do the whole p2v conversion inside linux? Cheers, any help is much appreciated Ke (a confused p2v newbie)

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  • How to add a Linux Partition on FreeBSD

    - by Ömer
    Today I installed FreeBSD 9.0 PPC on my Mac mini G4 with 40GB HDD. During installation, (using the FSBD utility 'gpart') I have allocated a total of about 23GB for FreeBSD leaving 17GB totally free (neither partitioned, nor formatted) for a later Linux installation. Now, when try to install Linux (Ubuntu 10.10 PPC) on the remaining 17GB, the Linux/Ubuntu installer (or Linux's Disk Utility for the same matter) wants presumably a linux partition and when I try to add a (Linux) partition on that area using Linux DU it fails with this message: Error creating partition: helper exited with exit code 1: In part_add_partition: device_file=/dev/hda, start=23363101696, size=16644660224, type= Entering MS-DOS parser (offset=0, size=40007761920) No MSDOS_MAGIC found Exiting MS-DOS parser Entering Apple parser Mac MAGIC found, block_size=512 map_count = 17 Leaving Apple parser Apple partition table detected containing partition table scheme = 2 got it Error: The partition's data region doesn't occupy the entire partition. ped_disk_new() failed Now, I'm trying to add a Linux partition on FreeBSD running on the harddisk. I use seemingly most suitable tool for this job: gpart. Here is the 'gpart show ad0' But it seems unable to add a Linux partition because "man gpart" doesn't list either "Linux Partition" nor anything like Ext2 or Ext3/Ext4. The closest thing to Linux Partition in gpart is "mbr" but it doesn't work: #gpart add -t mbr ado So, how to add properly a Linux Partition on FreeBSD? Thanks.

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  • Simple P2V help from Linux to Windows

    - by Ke
    Hi, I have two OS's installed on different drives in my PC. One linux (Centos 5.4) and one windows 7. Its getting tiresome to constantly have to stop and restart the PC when I want to use either OS. I would very much like to use Windows 7 as my host OS and access my linux OS from within Windows. However, im having trouble deciphering exactly how to do this (many of the articles seem confusing and a bit overkill) From what i have seen its possible to use VMWare converter to convert the physical linux image to a virtual image so that I can use it in windows. As im having problems understanding how this is done, I would really appreciate a step by step guide (for a newbie), or any simple tutorials that you can point me at. Some questions beforehand: 1) My linux image is around 80gb, do i need to take this into consideration? The linux drive is around 180gb in total. All my other drives are NTFS non writeable in linux (as I use them in windows and ntfs is dodgy in linux), so probably not possible to move the image over to my ntfs drives 2) Can I just zip the linux files up somehow and transfer it to windows to create the p2v? 3) Is it possible to do the P2V conversion while I am logged into windows. I can see the actual linux drive loaded in disk manager, but windows doesnt read linux file systems so im confused as to how to access the linux drive if this is possible. 4) Or will i need to do the whole p2v conversion inside linux? Cheers, any help is much appreciated Ke (a confused p2v newbie)

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  • Httpd restart "Address already in use" error

    - by mtndesign
    I have an .rpm, which I created. In its %post part, I do some stuff, and in the end of this script, i call service httpd restart. It gives the following error: + service httpd restart Stopping httpd: [FAILED] Starting httpd: (98)Address already in use: make_sock: could not bind to address [::]:81 (98)Address already in use: make_sock: could not bind to address 0.0.0.0:81 no listening sockets available, shutting down Unable to open logs [FAILED] I got this from the rpm verbose installing (-vv). So I know its about httpd restart itself, nothing else. The according to netstat only one process (httpd) is listening on port 81. $ sudo netstat -nlp | grep 81 tcp 0 0 :::81 :::* LISTEN 29670/httpd I don't understand, why running http FAILS at stop, and FAILS again in start. Any ideas how to solve this?

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  • Installing mysqlnd for php 5.4.9 on CentOs 6.3

    - by kira423
    Okay let me get straight to the point, I am a complete noob, and have never done stuff like this at all, I have read tutorial after tuorial but I cant get anything to work. When I tried to install the rpm file I got this error rpm -Uvh ftp://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/6/test/x86_64/php-mysqlnd-5.4.9-1.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm Retrieving ftp://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/6/test/x86_64/php-mysqlnd-5.4.9-1.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.ez4vvd: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 00f97f56: NOKEY error: Failed dependencies: php-pdo(x86-64) = 5.4.9-1.el6.remi is needed by php-mysqlnd-5.4.9-1.el6.remi.x86_64 so I tried installing that rpm file and got this error rpm -ivh ftp://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/rrpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/6/test/x86_64/php-pdo-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm Retrieving ftp://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/rrpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/6/test/x86_64/php-pdo-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm curl: (9) Server denied you to change to the given directory error: skipping ftp://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/rrpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/6/test/x86_64/php-pdo-5.4.6-1.el6.remi.x86_64.rpm - transfer failed I used the ftp links because I have no idea how else to get them to the server. I think I am getting overly frustrated with this, but I have to get this driver installed for any of my scripts to function correctly. Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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  • How To Make NVIDIA’s Optimus Work on Linux

    - by Chris Hoffman
    Many new laptops come with NVIDIA’s Optimus technology – the laptop includes both a discrete NVIDIA GPU for gaming power and an onboard Intel GPU for power savings. The notebook switches between the two when necessary. However, this isn’t yet well-supported on Linux. Linus Torvalds had some choice words for NVIDIA regarding Optimus not working on Linux, and NVIDIA is now currently working on official support. However, if you have a laptop with Optimus support, you don’t have to wait for NVIDIA — you can use the Bumblebee project’s solution to enable Optimus on Linux today. Image Credit: Jemimus on Flickr How To Create a Customized Windows 7 Installation Disc With Integrated Updates How to Get Pro Features in Windows Home Versions with Third Party Tools HTG Explains: Is ReadyBoost Worth Using?

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  • HTG Explains: What “Everything Is a File” Means on Linux

    - by Chris Hoffman
    One of the defining features of Linux and other UNIX-like operating systems is that “everything is a file.” This is an oversimplification, but understanding what it means will help you understand how Linux works. Many things on Linux appear in your file system, but they aren’t actually files. They’re special files that represent hardware devices, system information, and other things — including a random number generator. These special files may be located in pseudo or virtual file systems such as /dev, which contains special files that represent devices, and /proc, which contains special files that represent system and process information. How to Banish Duplicate Photos with VisiPic How to Make Your Laptop Choose a Wired Connection Instead of Wireless HTG Explains: What Is Two-Factor Authentication and Should I Be Using It?

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  • Oracle Linux and Oracle VM pricing guide

    - by wcoekaer
    A few days ago someone showed me a pricing guide from a Linux vendor and I was a bit surprised at the complexity of it. Especially when you look at larger servers (4 or 8 sockets) and when adding virtual machine use into the mix. I think we have a very compelling and simple pricing model for both Oracle Linux and Oracle VM. Let me see if I can explain it in 1 page, not 10 pages. This pricing information is publicly available on the Oracle store, I am using the current public list prices. Also keep in mind that this is for customers using non-oracle x86 servers. When a customer purchases an Oracle x86 server, the annual systems support includes full use (all you can eat) of Oracle Linux, Oracle VM and Oracle Solaris (no matter how many VMs you run on that server, in case you deploy guests on a hypervisor). This support level is the equivalent of premier support in the list below. Let's start with Oracle VM (x86) : Oracle VM support subscriptions are per physical server on which you deploy the Oracle VM Server product. (1) Oracle VM Premier Limited - 1- or 2 socket server : $599 per server per year (2) Oracle VM Premier - more than 2 socket server (4, or 8 or whatever more) : $1199 per server per year The above includes the use of Oracle VM Manager and Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control's Virtualization management pack (including self service cloud portal, etc..) 24x7 support, access to bugfixes, updates and new releases. It also includes all options, live migrate, dynamic resource scheduling, high availability, dynamic power management, etc If you want to play with the product, or even use the product without access to support services, the product is freely downloadable from edelivery. Next, Oracle Linux : Oracle Linux support subscriptions are per physical server. If you plan to run Oracle Linux as a guest on Oracle VM, VMWare or Hyper-v, you only have to pay for a single subscription per system, we do not charge per guest or per number of guests. In other words, you can run any number of Oracle Linux guests per physical server and count it as just a single subscription. (1) Oracle Linux Network Support - any number of sockets per server : $119 per server per year Network support does not offer support services. It provides access to the Unbreakable Linux Network and also offers full indemnification for Oracle Linux. (2) Oracle Linux Basic Limited Support - 1- or 2 socket servers : $499 per server per year This subscription provides 24x7 support services, access to the Unbreakable Linux Network and the Oracle Support portal, indemnification, use of Oracle Clusterware for Linux HA and use of Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud control for Linux OS management. It includes ocfs2 as a clustered filesystem. (3) Oracle Linux Basic Support - more than 2 socket server (4, or 8 or more) : $1199 per server per year This subscription provides 24x7 support services, access to the Unbreakable Linux Network and the Oracle Support portal, indemnification, use of Oracle Clusterware for Linux HA and use of Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud control for Linux OS management. It includes ocfs2 as a clustered filesystem (4) Oracle Linux Premier Limited Support - 1- or 2 socket servers : $1399 per server per year This subscription provides 24x7 support services, access to the Unbreakable Linux Network and the Oracle Support portal, indemnification, use of Oracle Clusterware for Linux HA and use of Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud control for Linux OS management, XFS filesystem support. It also offers Oracle Lifetime support, backporting of patches for critical customers in previous versions of package and ksplice zero-downtime updates. (5) Oracle Linux Premier Support - more than 2 socket servers : $2299 per server per year This subscription provides 24x7 support services, access to the Unbreakable Linux Network and the Oracle Support portal, indemnification, use of Oracle Clusterware for Linux HA and use of Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud control for Linux OS management, XFS filesystem support. It also offers Oracle Lifetime support, backporting of patches for critical customers in previous versions of package and ksplice zero-downtime updates. (6) Freely available Oracle Linux - any number of sockets You can freely download Oracle Linux, install it on any number of servers and use it for any reason, without support, without right to use of these extra features like Oracle Clusterware or ksplice, without indemnification. However, you do have full access to all errata as well. Need support? then use options (1)..(5) So that's it. Count number of 2 socket boxes, more than 2 socket boxes, decide on basic or premier support level and you are done. You don't have to worry about different levels based on how many virtual instance you deploy or want to deploy. A very simple menu of choices. We offer, inclusive, Linux OS clusterware, Linux OS Management, provisioning and monitoring, cluster filesystem (ocfs), high performance filesystem (xfs), dtrace, ksplice, ofed (infiniband stack for high performance networking). No separate add-on menus. NOTE : socket/cpu can have any number of cores. So whether you have a 4,6,8,10 or 12 core CPU doesn't matter, we count the number of physical CPUs.

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  • How to Share Files Between User Accounts on Windows, Linux, or OS X

    - by Chris Hoffman
    Your operating system provides each user account with its own folders when you set up several different user accounts on the same computer. Shared folders allow you to share files between user accounts. This process works similarly on Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X. These are all powerful multi-user operating systems with similar folder and file permission systems. Windows On Windows, the “Public” user’s folders are accessible to all users. You’ll find this folder under C:\Users\Public by default. Files you place in any of these folders will be accessible to other users, so it’s a good way to share music, videos, and other types of files between users on the same computer. Windows even adds these folders to each user’s libraries by default. For example, a user’s Music library contains the user’s music folder under C:\Users\NAME\as well as the public music folder under C:\Users\Public\. This makes it easy for each user to find the shared, public files. It also makes it easy to make a file public — just drag and drop a file from the user-specific folder to the public folder in the library. Libraries are hidden by default on Windows 8.1, so you’ll have to unhide them to do this. These Public folders can also be used to share folders publically on the local network. You’ll find the Public folder sharing option under Advanced sharing settings in the Network and Sharing Control Panel. You could also choose to make any folder shared between users, but this will require messing with folder permissions in Windows. To do this, right-click a folder anywhere in the file system and select Properties. Use the options on the Security tab to change the folder’s permissions and make it accessible to different user accounts. You’ll need administrator access to do this. Linux This is a bit more complicated on Linux, as typical Linux distributions don’t come with a special user folder all users have read-write access to. The Public folder on Ubuntu is for sharing files between computers on a network. You can use Linux’s permissions system to give other user accounts read or read-write access to specific folders. The process below is for Ubuntu 14.04, but it should be identical on any other Linux distribution using GNOME with the Nautilus file manager. It should be similar for other desktop environments, too. Locate the folder you want to make accessible to other users, right-click it, and select Properties. On the Permissions tab, give “Others” the “Create and delete files” permission. Click the Change Permissions for Enclosed Files button and give “Others” the “Read and write” and “Create and Delete Files” permissions. Other users on the same computer will then have read and write access to your folder. They’ll find it under /home/YOURNAME/folder under Computer. To speed things up, they can create a link or bookmark to the folder so they always have easy access to it. Mac OS X Mac OS X creates a special Shared folder that all user accounts have access to. This folder is intended for sharing files between different user accounts. It’s located at /Users/Shared. To access it, open the Finder and click Go > Computer. Navigate to Macintosh HD > Users > Shared. Files you place in this folder can be accessed by any user account on your Mac. These tricks are useful if you’re sharing a computer with other people and you all have your own user accounts — maybe your kids have their own limited accounts. You can share a music library, downloads folder, picture archive, videos, documents, or anything else you like without keeping duplicate copies.

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