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• is 'protected' ever reasonable outside of virtual methods and destructors?

  - by notallama

  so, suppose you have some fields and methods marked protected (non-virtual). presumably, you did this because you didn't mark them public because you don't want some nincompoop to accidentally call them in the wrong order or pass in invalid parameters, or you don't want people to rely on behaviour that you're going to change later. so, why is it okay for that nincompoop to use those fields and methods from a subclass? as far as i can tell, they can still screw up in the same ways, and the same compatibility issues still exist if you change the implementation. the cases for protected i can think of are: non-virtual destructors, so you can't break things by deleting the base class. virtual methods, so you can override 'private' methods called by the base class. constructors in c++. in java/c# marking the class as abstract will do basically the same. any other use cases?

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• Class design for calling "the same method" on different classes from one place

  - by betatester07

  Let me introduce my situation: I have Java EE application and in one package, I want to have classes which will act primarily as cache for some data from database, for example: class that will hold all articles for our website class that will hold all categories etc. Every class should have some update() method, which will update data for that class from database and also some other methods for data manipulation specific for that data type. Now, I would like to call update() method for all class instances (there will be exactly one class instance for every class) from one place. What is the best design?

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• What is the order of diagram drawing in a design?

  - by Manuel Malagon

  I'm new with OOP and UML and I have some confusion here. I'd like to know where to start, I mean, somebody comes to you and ask you to do something (involves software design of course), once you have determined what has to be done, what is the order in which you have to start the software architecture? I mean, is it first the use case diagram or the class diagram? or should I draw some diagrams in parallel? But basically, where should I start? and what UML diagram goes first? Thanks for helping!!

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• Change user name

  - by Giorgio

  Recently i've added new accounts in my PC, and for one of those need to change name: I've try to change it by "graphical procedure" from "account manager menu" but change only the name in LogIn screen and near the clock. If I open a Terminal the name remain the old one. I need to have this situation from Old name: franco@PC-Casa:~$ ----- I want obtain New name: francesco@PC-Casa:~$ o How i can do this without create a new one user and transfer all data? Can you explain me step by step the procedure?

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• Read an object from compressed file generated from ActionScript 3

  - by Last Chance

  I have made a simple game Map Editor and I want to save a array that contain map tile info to a file, as below: var arr:Array = [.....2d tile info in it...]; var ba:ByteArray = new ByteArray(); ba.writeObject(arr); ba.compress(); var file:File = new File(); file.save(ba); I had successfully saved a compressed object to a file. Now the problem is my server side need to read this file and decompress the array out from the file, then convert it to a Python list. Is that possible?

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• Deleting a game object causing an access violation

  - by Balls

  I tried doing this but it cause an access violation. void GameObjectFactory::Update() { for( std::list<GameObject*>::iterator it=gameObjectList.begin() ..... (*it)->Update(); } void Bomb::Update() { if( time == 2.0f ) { gameObjectFactory->Remove( this ); } } void GameObjectFactory::Remove( ... ) { gameObjectList.remove( ... ); } My thoughts would be to mark the object to be dead then let the factory handle it the on next frame for deletion. Is it the best and fastest way? What do you think?

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• What books/references are recommended on the subject of planning and developing efficient web sites [closed]

  - by Shakil

  Once I visited a site containing videos; a well-known web developer creating a site from scratch via planning(paper, software), management, designing then development. I bookmarked the site but unable to find it now. My question is : How to do web-development effectively? What books or videos are recommended ???(I tried google but unable to find useful books or videos). I want to learn how people does it. Can you share resources(books, videos, links) about this... Thanks in advance.. Note: I created a job site for my university project. It gave me huge pain. Thats why I want to learn efficient way. I know html, css, javascript, jquery, php[learning(mvc and framework not yet completed)], phpmyadmin.

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• Class Versus Struct

  - by Prometheus87

  In C++ and other influenced languages there is a construct called Structure (struct) and we all know the class. Both are capable of holding functions and variables. some differences are 1. Class is given memory in heap and struct is given memory in stack 2. in class variable are private by default and in struct thy are public My question is that struct was somehow abandoned for Class. Why? other that abstraction, a struct can do all the same stuff a class does. Then why abandon it?

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• Administrator user session only shows a terminal

  - by Saariko

  Weird problem: After upgrading to 11.10 (and I am sure that I worked with it for couple of days). We had a power failure, and now, when open the computer, what I get is a screen, with a scrollable list of users (administrator is one of them). When I select the administrator user, and login, I get on the top left a terminal window. That's it ! I don't see my regular ubuntu desktop. What's wrong? I have tried some of the issues mentioned here: Delete the .Xauthority sudo apt-get update *I had some DNS errors, so had to fic my /etc/resolv.config (works now) please advise.

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• A better alternative to incompatible implementations for the same interface?

  - by glenatron

  I am working on a piece of code which performs a set task in several parallel environments where the behaviour of the different components in the task are similar but quite different. This means that my implementations are quite different but they are all based on the relationships between the same interfaces, something like this: IDataReader -> ContinuousDataReader -> ChunkedDataReader IDataProcessor -> ContinuousDataProcessor -> ChunkedDataProcessor IDataWriter -> ContinuousDataWriter -> ChunkedDataWriter So that in either environment we have an IDataReader, IDataProcessor and IDataWriter and then we can use Dependency Injection to ensure that we have the correct one of each for the current environment, so if we are working with data in chunks we use the ChunkedDataReader, ChunkedDataProcessor and ChunkedDataWriter and if we have continuous data we have the continuous versions. However the behaviour of these classes is quite different internally and one could certainly not go from a ContinuousDataReader to the ChunkedDataReader even though they are both IDataProcessors. This feels to me as though it is incorrect ( possibly an LSP violation? ) and certainly not a theoretically correct way of working. It is almost as though the "real" interface here is the combination of all three classes. Unfortunately in the project I am working on with the deadlines we are working to, we're pretty much stuck with this design, but if we had a little more elbow room, what would be a better design approach in this kind of scenario?

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• Semantic coupling vs. large class

  - by user106587

  I have hardware I communicate with via TCP. This hardware accepts ~40 different commands/requests with about 20 different responses. I've created a HardwareProxy class which has a TcpClient to send and receive data. I didn't like the idea of having 40 different methods to send the commands/requests, so I started down the path of having a single SendCommand method which takes an ICommand and returns an IResponse, this results in 40 different SpecificCommand classes. The problem is this requires semantic coupling, i.e. the method that invokes SendCommand receives an IResponse which it has to downcast to SpecificResponse, I use a future map which I believe ensures the appropriate SpecificResponse, but I get the impression this code smells. Besides the semantic coupling, ICommand and IResponse are essentially empty abstract classes (Marker Interfaces) and this seems suspicious to me. If I go with the 40 methods I don't think I have broken the single responisbility principle as the responsibility of the HardwareProxy class is to act as the hardware, which has all of these commands. This route is just ugly, plus I'd like to have Asynchronous versions, so there'd be about 80 methods. Is it better to bite the bullet and have a large class, accept the coupling and MarkerInterfaces for a smaller soultuion, or am I missing a better way? Thanks.

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• read object from compressed file that generate from actionscript3

  - by Last Chance

  I have made a simple game Map Editor, and I want to save a array that contain map tile info to a file, as below: var arr:Array = [.....2d tile info in it...]; var ba:ByteArray = new ByteArray(); ba.writeObject(arr); ba.compress(); var file:File = new File(); file.save(ba); now I had successful save a compressed object to a file. now the problem is my server side need to read this file and decompress get the arr out from file, then convert it as python list. is that prossible?

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• Rotate object Up/Down/Left/Right in any orientation

  - by George Duckett

  I'm rendering model at the origin with a fixed camera looking at it positioned on the z axis. I want to be able to rotate the model up/down and left/right. Currently I have 2 variables, HorizontalRotation and VerticalRotation. When calculating the world matrix I rotate about the Y axis by HorizontalRotation and about the X axis by VerticalRotation. The ..Rotation variables are controlled by pressing up/down/left/right arrow keys. The problem I'm having is that the rotations are happening relative to the object. Lets say it's a model of the world. Pressing Up a bit would let me look at the north pole. Currently when i press right the earth spins infront of the camera on its axis; I'm still looking at the north pole. How can i get it so that no matter what rotations are currently applied i can always rotate my model relative to the camera/world axis?

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• Finding the best practice for a game simulating tool

  - by Tougheart

  I'm studying Java right now, and I'm thinking of this tool as my practice project. The game is "League of Legends" in case anyone knows it, I'm not actually simulating the game as in simulating game play, I'm just trying to create a tool that can compare different champions to each other based on their own abilities and items bought inside the game. The game basics are: Every player has a champion in a team of 5 players playing against another team. Each champion has a different set of abilities (usually 4) that s/he uses to do damage to opposing champions. Each champion gets stronger by buying different items, increasing the attack it deals or decreasing the damage received. What I want to do is to create a tool to be used outside the game enabling players to try out different builds for their champions and compare the figures against other champions they usually fight against. The goal is to enable players get a deeper understanding of the different item combinations (builds) that can be used during the games, instead of trying them out in real games which can be somehow very time consuming. What I'm stuck at is the best practice I should follow to make this possible using Java, I can't figure out which classes should inherit from which, should I make champions and items specs in the code or extracted from other files, specially that I'm talking about hundreds of items and champions to use in that tool. I'm self studying Java, and I don't have much practice at it, so I would really appreciate any broad guidelines regarding this, and sorry if my question doesn't fit here, I tried to follow the rules. English isn't my native language, so I'm really sorry if I wasn't clear enough, I would be more than happy to explain anything that's not understood.

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• How can I design my classes to include calendar events stored in a database?

  - by Gianluca78

  I'm developing a web calendar in php (using Symfony2) inspired by iCal for a project of mine. At this moment, I have two classes: a class "Calendar" and a class "CalendarCell". Here you are the two classes properties and method declarations. class Calendar { private $month; private $monthName; private $year; private $calendarCellList = array(); private $translator; public function __construct($month, $year, $translator) {} public function getCalendarCellList() {} public function getMonth() {} public function getMonthName() {} public function getNextMonth() {} public function getNextYear() {} public function getPreviousMonth() {} public function getPreviousYear() {} public function getYear() {} private function calculateDaysPreviousMonth() {} private function calculateNumericDayOfTheFirstDayOfTheWeek() {} private function isCurrentDay(\DateTime $dateTime) {} private function isDifferentMonth(\DateTime $dateTime) {} } class CalendarCell { private $day; private $month; private $dayNameAbbreviation; private $numericDayOfTheWeek; private $isCurrentDay; private $isDifferentMonth; private $translator; public function __construct(array $parameters) {} public function getDay() {} public function getMonth() {} public function getDayNameAbbreviation() {} public function isCurrentDay() {} public function isDifferentMonth() {} } Each calendar day can includes many calendar events (such as appointments or schedules) stored in a database. My question is: which is the best way to manage these calendar events in my classes? I think to add a eventList property in CalendarCell and populate it with an array of CalendarEvent objects fetched by the database. This kind of solution doesn't allow other coders to reuse the classes without db (because I should inject at least a repository services also) just to create and visualize a calendar... so maybe it could be better to extend CalendarCell (for instance in CalendarCellEvent) and add the database features? I feel like I'm missing some crucial design pattern! Any suggestion will be very appreciated!

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• Default groups for user in Ubuntu 12.10?

  - by Sukminder

  Installed HP Linux Imaging and Printing by using install script and something crashed. Now I'm only member of my own group and lp. Which are the default groups for users in Ubuntu 12.10? Same as this? And, out of curiosity, is there some place where this information is logged? As i.e. some log file showing which groups my user was on previous boot? And/or is this information ,(which groups are default), documented somewhere? OK Found answer. Adding when I'm able (haven't got enough points and have to wait hours to answer myself).

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• URL parameter names being changed by user agents

  - by Mike Deck

  In reviewing one of our site's web logs I'm seeing instances where we are returning a 404 to requests because we're expecting an id parameter to be sent, but instead we're seeing a di parameter. The resource in question is an image but which image file actually gets served is dependent on the id parameter. The expected url is something like http://images.mysite.com/photo.gif?id=123&width=200&height=300 What I'm seeing in the logs is requests for http://images.mysite.com/photo.gif?di=123&width=200&height=300 The only case where we are seeing this on the id parameter. It seems unlikely that this is due to a server side or JavaScript bug since it seems to be only effecting a small percentage of our traffic. We are seeing this across a wide variety of user agents (both mobile and desktop) and IPs. Has anyone else seen this? Is there a browser plugin or other software you're aware of that could be causing this, and if so is there a good way to work around the issue?

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• SQL Server Luxembourg User Group

  Come join the SQL Server Luxembourg UG for free training and networking on June 27th at 5:30pm. Soren Nielsen will take a Deep Dive into SQL Server 2012’s “Always On” High Availability technology. This will be followed by Vern Rabe of the SQL User Group in Portland, Oregon, presenting “Data Types - Think You Know It All? Think Again”. Want faster, smaller backups you can rely on?Use SQL Backup Pro for up to 95% compression, faster file transfer and integrated DBCC CHECKDB. Download a free trial now.

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• Is avoiding the private access specifier in PHP justified?

  - by Tifa

  I come from a Java background and I have been working with PHP for almost a year now. I have worked with WordPress, Zend and currently I'm using CakePHP. I was going through Cake's lib and I couldn't help notice that Cake goes a long way avoiding the "private" access specifier. Cake says Try to avoid private methods or variables, though, in favor of protected ones. The latter can be accessed or modified by subclasses, whereas private ones prevent extension or re-use. in this tutorial. Why does Cake overly shun the "private" access specifier while good OO design encourages its use i.e to apply the most restrictive visibility for a class member that is not intended to be part of its exported API? I'm willing to believe that "private" functions are difficult test, but is rest of the convention justified outside Cake? or perhaps it's just a Cake convention of OO design geared towards extensibility at the expense of being a stickler for stringent (or traditional?) OO design?

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• Clone User Profile with Encrypted Home Folder

  - by doublerainbow64

  I'd like to clone my user profile on my local machine. I'd like to do so, just to keep all the preferences and not to have to redefine all of them manually. I've tried this, but when I login, it will just return to KDM login screen. BTW I'm using Kubuntu 14.04. What might be interesting: I have encrypted my home folder. Does this make any difference? I've also tried to copy the contents of .kde folder into /etc/skel, but this had no effect. Thank you very much in advance, doublerainbow64

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• January Winnipeg .NET User Group Event

  - by D'Arcy Lussier

  We’ve had some problems with the Winnipeg .NET UG website, but things are getting sorted out and the site should be back up very shortly. In the meantime, here’s info on our January event and how to register. This is also a Microsoft sponsored event, so we’ll have some great swag to give away. As always, pizza will be provided! When: Wednesday, January 26th Where: 17th Floor Conference Room, Richardson Building Session: Taking your Windows Phone Apps to the Next Level with Tombstoning Speaker: Tyler Doerksen, Imaginet Unlike previous versions of Windows Mobile, Windows Phone 7 does not allow 3rd party applications to run in the background. Because of this your application needs to react to various life cycle events to provide the user with a seamless experience. Luckily Silverlight isolated storage has your back. In this session learn about the app life cycle and what storage patterns you can use to keep your users happy. To register for this event, please visit our registration page here.

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• Joomla: Prevent certain user from visiting a certain page

  - by MrB

  I have an internal section in my Joomla only for "Registered" users. There they can edit preferences. Multiple users can access the same preferences (different stakeholders). Now I have "smithcorp" and "smithcorp_guest". They should both be able to view the same things, but "smithcorp_guest" shouldn't be able to edit the preferences. Is there a way to forbid "smithcorp_guest" access to this page? I have only seen access regulation via the user level, i.e. unregistered, registered, admin. Thanks, MrB

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• Am I violating LSP if the condition can be checked?

  - by William

  This base class for some shapes I have in my game looks like this. Some of the shapes can be resized, some of them can not. private Shape shape; public virtual void SetSizeOfShape(int x, int y) { if (CanResize()){ shape.Width = x; shape.Height = y; } else { throw new Exception("You cannot resize this shape"); } } public virtual bool CanResize() { return true; } In a sub class of a shape that I don't ever want to resize I am overriding the CanResize() method so a piece of client code can check before calling the SetSizeOfShape() method. public override bool CanResize() { return false; } Here's how it might look in my client code: public void DoSomething(Shape s) { if(s.CanResize()){ s.SetSizeOfShape(50, 70); } } Is this violating LSP?

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• Computer Engineer in CS Interview

  - by blasteye

  As a Computer Engineering student, while in school I've primarily dealt with C, Matlab, and VHDL. On my own though, i learned a bit about OOP (Polymorphism, inheritance, encapsulation), and have done quite a bit of web development using JavaScript/PHP/Node.js While at coding interviews I've be asked academia CS questions such as "abstract vs interface". The problem is that I didn't know the official terminology, but I have dealt with this type of programming decisions/concepts. Could anyone recommend a good resource for me to learn these academia CS terms?

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• May I give a single class multiple responsibilities if only one will ever be reusable?

  - by lnluis

  To the extent that I understand the Single Responsibility Principle, a SINGLE class must only have one responsibility. We use this so that we can reuse other functionalities in other classes and not affect the whole class. My question is: what if the entity has only one purpose that really interacts with the system, and that purpose won't change? Do you have to separate the implementations of your methods into another class and just instantiate those from your entity class? Or to put it another way... Is it ok to break the SRP if you know those functions will not be reusable in the future? Or is it better to assume that we do not know if the functionalities of these methods will be reusable or not, and so just abstract them to other classes?

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