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• ArchBeat Link-o-Rama Top 10 for September 2-8, 2012

  - by Bob Rhubart

  The Top 10 items shared on the OTN Facebook Page for the week of September 2-8, 2012. Adding a runtime LOV for a taskflow parameter in WebCenter | Yannick Ongena Oracle ACE Yannick Ongena illustrates how to customize the parameters tab for a taskflow in WebCenter. Tips on Migrating from AquaLogic .NET Accelerator to WebCenter WSRP Producer for .NET | Scott Nelson "It has been a very winding path and this blog entry is intended to share both the lessons learned and relevant approaches that led to those learnings," says Scott Nelson. "Like most journeys of discovery, it was not a direct path, and there are notes to let you know when it is practical to skip a section if you are in a hurry to get from here to there." Free Event: Oracle Technology Network Architect Day – Boston, MA – 9/12/2012 Sure, you could ask a voodoo priestess for help in improving your solution architecture skills. But there's the whole snake thing, and the zombie thing, and other complications. So why not keep it simple and register for Oracle Technology Network Architect Day in Boston, MA. There's no magic, just a full day of technical sessions covering Cloud, SOA, Engineered Systems, and more. Registration is free, but seating is limited. You'll curse yourself if you miss this one. Starting and Stopping Fusion Applications the Right Way | Ronaldo Viscuso While the fastartstop tool that ships with Oracle Fusion Applications does most of the work to start/stop/bounce the Fusion Apps environment, it does not do it all. Oracle Fusion Applications A-Team blogger Ronaldo Viscuso's post "aims to explain all tasks involved in starting and stopping a Fusion Apps environment completely." Article Index: Architect Community Column in Oracle Magazine Did you know that Oracle Magazine features a regular column devoted specifically to the architect community? Every issue includes insight and expertise from architects who regularly work with Oracle Technologies. Click here to see a complete list of these articles. Using FMAP and AnalyticsRes in a Oracle BI High Availability Implementation | Art of Business Intelligence "The fmap syntax has been used for a long time in Oracle BI / Siebel Analytics when referencing images inherent in the application as well as custom images," says Oracle ACE Christian Screen. "This syntax is used on Analysis requests an dashboards." Dodeca Customer Feedback - The Rosewood Company | Tim Tow Oracle ACE Director Tim Tow shares anecdotal comments from one of his clients, a company that is deploying Dodeca to replace an aging VBA/Essbase application. Configuring UCM cache to check for external Content Server changes | Martin Deh Oracle WebCenter and ADF A-Team blogger shares the background information and the solution to a recently encountered customer scenario. Attend OTN Architect Day in Los Angeles – by Architects, for Architects – October 25 The OTN Architect Day roadshow stops in Boston next week, then it's on to Los Angeles for another all architecture, all day event on Thursday October 25, 2012 at the Sofitel Los Angeles, 555 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048. Like all Architect Day events, this one is absolutley free, so register now. The Role of Oracle VM Server for SPARC In a Virtualization Strategy New OTN article from Matthias Pfutzner. Thought for the Day "Practicing architects, through eduction, experience and examples, accumulate a considerable body of contextual sense by the time they're entrusted with solving a system-level problem…" — Eberhardt Rechtin (January 16, 1926 – April 14, 2006) Source: SoftwareQuotes.com

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• 45 minutes to talk about C# [closed]

  - by Philip

  I have the opportunity to give a 45 minute talk on C# in the theory of programming languages class I'm taking. The college teaches Java almost exclusively, so that's what all the students are most familiar with. (There's a little C, assembly, Prolog and LISP as well.) I decide what to talk about. It seems to me the best approach is to focus on a few of the big, obvious differences between C# and Java. I don't intend it to be a recommendation to use C# -- there are reasons to use each, mostly because of their ecosystems. So I want to focus on C# as a language. I don't want to go too fast and end up listing a whole bunch of features without showing their usefulness. My current plan is this: Functions as first class objects. This is, in my opinion, one of the biggest differences between C# and Java. The professor briefly mentioned this notion and showed a LISP example, but many of the students have probably never used it. I can show real world examples where it's made my code more readable. Lambda expressions as concise syntax for anonymous functions. Obviously with examples to show how this is useful. The real hit-home examples will be at the end when it's combined with the rest. I don't see an advantage to first showing the old delegate syntax and then replacing it with lambdas -- most of us won't have ever seen delegates anyway so it would just be confusing. The yield keyword and how it's different from returning an array. I have the impression that a lot of C# developers aren't familiar with how to use this. It will likely be very foreign to Java developers. I have some examples from my own work where it was really useful, such as iterating over a tree traversal, or iterating over neighbors in a graph where the neighbors aren't stored in memory. In both cases, doing it in Java would likely mean returning a complete list -- with yield I can stop iterating if I find what I want early on, without using memory for superfluous lists or arrays. Extension methods as a way to write implementation on interfaces. We'll all be familiar with how interfaces don't allow method implementation, and how this leads to code duplication. I'll show a specific example of this and how the extension method can solve the problem. Demonstrate how the above can be combined by implementing some simple Linq methods and using them. Where, Select, First, maybe more depending on how much time is left. Ideas on which ones might 'hit home' the best? There are other things I could talk about such as generics, value types, properties and more. I haven't yet though of good ways to incorporate these. In the case of generics and value types, the advantages might not be obvious or as relevant. Properties are obviously useful, particularly since we're taught strict JavaBeans here, but I don't know if I could integrate it with the "path to Linq" discussion above without it feeling tacked on. So I'm looking for thoughts on how to talk about C#, and what to talk about. Even minor details. I'm sure there are more experienced C# developers than me here who have good insight about what's really important in the language, and what would miss the point.

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• Connect to running web role on Azure using Remote Desktop Connection and VS2012

  - by Magnus Karlsson

  We want to be able to collect IntelliTrace information from our running app and also use remote desktop to connect to the IIS and look around(probably debugging). 1. Create certificate 1.1 Right-click the cloud project (marked in red) and select “Configure remote desktop”. 1.2 In the drop down list of certificates, choose <create> at the bottom. 1.3. Follow the instructions, you can set it up with default values. 1.4 When done. Choose the certificate and click “Copy to File…” as seen in the left of the picture above. 1.5. Save the file with any name you want. Now we will save it to local storage to be able to import it to our solution through the azure configuration manager in step 3. 2. Save certificate to local storage Now we need to attach it to our local certificate storage to be able to reach it from our confiuguration manager in visual studio. Microsoft provides the following steps for doing this: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/232137 In order to view the Certificates store on the local computer, perform the following steps: Click Start, and then click Run. Type "MMC.EXE" (without the quotation marks) and click OK. Click Console in the new MMC you created, and then click Add/Remove Snap-in. In the new window, click Add. Highlight the Certificates snap-in, and then click Add. Choose the Computer option and click Next. Select Local Computer on the next screen, and then click OK. Click Close , and then click OK. You have now added the Certificates snap-in, which will allow you to work with any certificates in your computer's certificate store. You may want to save this MMC for later use. Now that you have access to the Certificates snap-in, you can import the server certificate into you computer's certificate store by following these steps: Open the Certificates (Local Computer) snap-in and navigate to Personal, and then Certificates. Note: Certificates may not be listed. If it is not, that is because there are no certificates installed. Right-click Certificates (or Personal if that option does not exist.) Choose All Tasks, and then click Import. When the wizard starts, click Next. Browse to the PFX file you created containing your server certificate and private key. Click Next. Enter the password you gave the PFX file when you created it. Be sure the Mark the key as exportable option is selected if you want to be able to export the key pair again from this computer. As an added security measure, you may want to leave this option unchecked to ensure that no one can make a backup of your private key. Click Next, and then choose the Certificate Store you want to save the certificate to. You should select Personal because it is a Web server certificate. If you included the certificates in the certification hierarchy, it will also be added to this store. Click Next. You should see a summary of screen showing what the wizard is about to do. If this information is correct, click Finish. You will now see the server certificate for your Web server in the list of Personal Certificates. It will be denoted by the common name of the server (found in the subject section of the certificate). Now that you have the certificate backup imported into the certificate store, you can enable Internet Information Services 5.0 to use that certificate (and the corresponding private key). To do this, perform the following steps: Open the Internet Services Manager (under Administrative Tools) and navigate to the Web site you want to enable secure communications (SSL/TLS) on. Right-click on the site and click Properties. You should now see the properties screen for the Web site. Click the Directory Security tab. Under the Secure Communications section, click Server Certificate. This will start the Web Site Certificate Wizard. Click Next. Choose the Assign an existing certificate option and click Next. You will now see a screen showing that contents of your computer's personal certificate store. Highlight your Web server certificate (denoted by the common name), and then click Next. You will now see a summary screen showing you all the details about the certificate you are installing. Be sure that this information is correct or you may have problems using SSL or TLS in HTTP communications. Click Next, and then click OK to exit the wizard. You should now have an SSL/TLS-enabled Web server. Be sure to protect your PFX files from any unwanted personnel. Image of a typical MMC.EXE with the certificates up.   3. Import the certificate to you visual studio project. 3.1 Now right click your equivalent to the MvcWebRole1 (as seen in the first picture under the red oval) and choose properties. 3.2 Choose Certificates. Right click the ellipsis to the right of the “thumbprint” and you should be able to select your newly created certificate here. After selecting it- save the file.   4. Upload the certificate to your Azure subscription. 4.1 Go to the azure management portal, click the services menu icon to the left and choose the service. Click Upload in the bottom menu.     5. Connect to server. Since I tried to use account settings(have to use another name) we have to set up a new name for the connection. No biggie. 5.1 Go to azure management portal, select your service and in the bottom menu, choose “REMOTE”. This will display the configuration for remote connection. It will actually change your ServiceConfiguration.cscfg file. After you change It here it might be good to choose download and replace the one in your project. Set a name that is not your windows azure account name and not Administrator. 5.2 Goto visual studio, click Server Explorer. Choose as selected in the picture below and click “COnnect using remote desktop”.   5.2 You will now be able to log in with the name and password set up in step 5.1. and voila! Windows server 2012, IIS and other nice stuff!   To do this one I’ve been using http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windowsazure/ff683671.aspx where you can collect some of this information and additional one.

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• SQL Constraints &ndash; CHECK and NOCHECK

  - by David Turner

  One performance issue i faced at a recent project was with the way that our constraints were being managed, we were using Subsonic as our ORM, and it has a useful tool for generating your ORM code called SubStage – once configured, you can regenerate your DAL code easily based on your database schema, and it can even be integrated into your build as a pre-build event if you want to do this.  SubStage also offers the useful feature of being able to generate DDL scripts for your entire database, and can script your data for you too. The problem came when we decided to use the generate scripts feature to migrate the database onto a test database instance – it turns out that the DDL scripts that it generates include the WITH NOCHECK option, so when we executed them on the test instance, and performed some testing, we found that performance wasn’t as expected. A constraint can be disabled, enabled but not trusted, or enabled and trusted.  When it is disabled, data can be inserted that violates the constraint because it is not being enforced, this is useful for bulk load scenarios where performance is important.  So what does it mean to say that a constraint is trusted or not trusted?  Well this refers to the SQL Server Query Optimizer, and whether it trusts that the constraint is valid.  If it trusts the constraint then it doesn’t check it is valid when executing a query, so the query can be executed much faster. Here is an example base in this article on TechNet, here we create two tables with a Foreign Key constraint between them, and add a single row to each.  We then query the tables: 1 DROP TABLE t2 2 DROP TABLE t1 3 GO 4 5 CREATE TABLE t1(col1 int NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY) 6 CREATE TABLE t2(col1 int NOT NULL) 7 8 ALTER TABLE t2 WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT fk_t2_t1 FOREIGN KEY(col1) 9 REFERENCES t1(col1) 10 11 INSERT INTO t1 VALUES(1) 12 INSERT INTO t2 VALUES(1) 13 GO14 15 SELECT COUNT(*) FROM t2 16 WHERE EXISTS17 (SELECT *18 FROM t1 19 WHERE t1.col1 = t2.col1) This all works fine, and in this scenario the constraint is enabled and trusted.  We can verify this by executing the following SQL to query the ‘is_disabled’ and ‘is_not_trusted’ properties: 1 select name, is_disabled, is_not_trusted from sys.foreign_keys This gives the following result: We can disable the constraint using this SQL: 1 alter table t2 NOCHECK CONSTRAINT fk_t2_t1 And when we query the constraints again, we see that the constraint is disabled and not trusted: So the constraint won’t be enforced and we can insert data into the table t2 that doesn’t match the data in t1, but we don’t want to do this, so we can enable the constraint again using this SQL: 1 alter table t2 CHECK CONSTRAINT fk_t2_t1 But when we query the constraints again, we see that the constraint is enabled, but it is still not trusted: This means that the optimizer will check the constraint each time a query is executed over it, which will impact the performance of the query, and this is definitely not what we want, so we need to make the constraint trusted by the optimizer again.  First we should check that our constraints haven’t been violated, which we can do by running DBCC: 1 DBCC CHECKCONSTRAINTS (t2) Hopefully you see the following message indicating that DBCC completed without finding any violations of your constraint: Having verified that the constraint was not violated while it was disabled, we can simply execute the following SQL:   1 alter table t2 WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT fk_t2_t1 At first glance this looks like it must be a typo to have the keyword CHECK repeated twice in succession, but it is the correct syntax and when we query the constraints properties, we find that it is now trusted again: To fix our specific problem, we created a script that checked all constraints on our tables, using the following syntax: 1 ALTER TABLE t2 WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL

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• SQL Server Date Comparison Functions

  - by HighAltitudeCoder

  A few months ago, I found myself working with a repetitive cursor that looped until the data had been manipulated enough times that it was finally correct.  The cursor was heavily dependent upon dates, every time requiring the earlier of two (or several) dates in one stored procedure, while requiring the later of two dates in another stored procedure. In short what I needed was a function that would allow me to perform the following evaluation: WHERE MAX(Date1, Date2) < @SomeDate The problem is, the MAX() function in SQL Server does not perform this functionality.  So, I set out to put these functions together.  They are titled: EarlierOf() and LaterOf(). /**********************************************************                               EarlierOf.sql   **********************************************************/ /**********************************************************   Return the later of two DATETIME variables.   Parameter 1: DATETIME1 Parameter 2: DATETIME2   Works for a variety of DATETIME or NULL values. Even though comparisons with NULL are actually indeterminate, we know conceptually that NULL is not earlier or later than any other date provided.   SYNTAX: SELECT dbo.EarlierOf('1/1/2000','12/1/2009') SELECT dbo.EarlierOf('2009-12-01 00:00:00.000','2009-12-01 00:00:00.521') SELECT dbo.EarlierOf('11/15/2000',NULL) SELECT dbo.EarlierOf(NULL,'1/15/2004') SELECT dbo.EarlierOf(NULL,NULL)   **********************************************************/ USE AdventureWorks GO   IF EXISTS       (SELECT *       FROM sysobjects       WHERE name = 'EarlierOf'       AND xtype = 'FN'       ) BEGIN             DROP FUNCTION EarlierOf END GO   CREATE FUNCTION EarlierOf (       @Date1                              DATETIME,       @Date2                              DATETIME )   RETURNS DATETIME   AS BEGIN       DECLARE @ReturnDate     DATETIME         IF (@Date1 IS NULL AND @Date2 IS NULL)       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = NULL             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         ELSE IF (@Date1 IS NULL AND @Date2 IS NOT NULL)       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = @Date2             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         ELSE IF (@Date1 IS NOT NULL AND @Date2 IS NULL)       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = @Date1             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         ELSE       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = @Date1             IF @Date2 < @Date1                   SET @ReturnDate = @Date2             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         EndOfFunction:       RETURN @ReturnDate   END -- End Function GO   ---- Set Permissions --GRANT SELECT ON EarlierOf TO UserRole1 --GRANT SELECT ON EarlierOf TO UserRole2 --GO                                                                                             The inverse of this function is only slightly different. /**********************************************************                               LaterOf.sql   **********************************************************/ /**********************************************************   Return the later of two DATETIME variables.   Parameter 1: DATETIME1 Parameter 2: DATETIME2   Works for a variety of DATETIME or NULL values. Even though comparisons with NULL are actually indeterminate, we know conceptually that NULL is not earlier or later than any other date provided.   SYNTAX: SELECT dbo.LaterOf('1/1/2000','12/1/2009') SELECT dbo.LaterOf('2009-12-01 00:00:00.000','2009-12-01 00:00:00.521') SELECT dbo.LaterOf('11/15/2000',NULL) SELECT dbo.LaterOf(NULL,'1/15/2004') SELECT dbo.LaterOf(NULL,NULL)   **********************************************************/ USE AdventureWorks GO   IF EXISTS       (SELECT *       FROM sysobjects       WHERE name = 'LaterOf'       AND xtype = 'FN'       ) BEGIN             DROP FUNCTION LaterOf END GO   CREATE FUNCTION LaterOf (       @Date1                              DATETIME,       @Date2                              DATETIME )   RETURNS DATETIME   AS BEGIN       DECLARE @ReturnDate     DATETIME         IF (@Date1 IS NULL AND @Date2 IS NULL)       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = NULL             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         ELSE IF (@Date1 IS NULL AND @Date2 IS NOT NULL)       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = @Date2             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         ELSE IF (@Date1 IS NOT NULL AND @Date2 IS NULL)       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = @Date1             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         ELSE       BEGIN             SET @ReturnDate = @Date1             IF @Date2 > @Date1                   SET @ReturnDate = @Date2             GOTO EndOfFunction       END         EndOfFunction:       RETURN @ReturnDate   END -- End Function GO   ---- Set Permissions --GRANT SELECT ON LaterOf TO UserRole1 --GRANT SELECT ON LaterOf TO UserRole2 --GO                                                                                             The interesting thing about this function is its simplicity and the built-in NULL handling functionality.  Its interesting, because it seems like something should already exist in SQL Server that does this.  From a different vantage point, if you create this functionality and it is easy to use (ideally, intuitively self-explanatory), you have made a successful contribution. Interesting is good.  Self-explanatory, or intuitive is FAR better.  Happy coding! Graeme

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• Three Buckets of Knowledge

  - by BuckWoody

  As I learn more and more about SQL Server every day, I divide up my information into three “buckets”: Concepts In the first bucket are the general concepts about the topic. What is it? What does it do (or sometimes, what is is supposed to do?) How does one operation flow to another? For this information I use books, magazine articles and believe it or not – Wikipedia. I don’t always trust that last source, but I do use it to see how others lay out their thoughts around a concept. I really like graphical charts that show me the process flow if I can get it, and this is an ideal place for a good presentation. In fact, this may be the only real use for a presentation – I’ll explain what I mean in a moment. Reference The references for a topic include things like Transact-SQL (T-SQL) syntax, or the screen layout on a panel, things like that. Think Dictionary. The only reference I trust for this information is Books Online – presentations are fine, but we’re talking about a dictionary. Ever go to a movie that just reads through a dictionary? Me neither. But I have gone to presentations where people try to include tons of reference materials in their slides. Even if you give me the presentation material later, it’s not really a searchable, readable medium. How To A how-to for me is an example, or even better, a tutorial about an example. Whatever it is shows me a practical use for the concepts and of course involves the syntax. The important thing here is that you need to be able to separate out the example the person is showing you from the stuff you need to know. I can’t tell you how many times folks have told me, “well, sure, if yours is red then that works. But mine is blue.” And I have to explain, “then use “blue” for the search word here.” You get the idea. No one will do your work for you – the examples are meant as a teaching tool only. I accept that, learn what I can, and then run off to create my own thing. You might think a How To works well in a presentation, and it does, for the most part. For a complex example or tutorial, I still prefer the printed word (electronic if possible) so that I can go over the example multiple times, skip around and so on.   The order here isn’t actually that important. Most of the time I start with a concept, look at an example, and then read the reference material. But sometimes I look up an example, read a little of concepts and then check the reference. The only primary thing I try to enforce is to read something from each of them. It’s dangerous to base your work on any single example, reference or concept.  Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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• Best Practices - Core allocation

  - by jsavit

  This post is one of a series of "best practices" notes for Oracle VM Server for SPARC (also called Logical Domains) Introduction SPARC T-series servers currently have up to 4 CPU sockets, each of which has up to 8 or (on SPARC T3) 16 CPU cores, while each CPU core has 8 threads, for a maximum of 512 dispatchable CPUs. The defining feature of Oracle VM Server for SPARC is that each domain is assigned CPU threads or cores for its exclusive use. This avoids the overhead of software-based time-slicing and emulation (or binary rewriting) of system state-changing privileged instructions used in traditional hypervisors. To create a domain, administrators specify either the number of CPU threads or cores that the domain will own, as well as its memory and I/O resources. When CPU resources are assigned at the individual thread level, the logical domains constraint manager attempts to assign threads from the same cores to a domain, and avoid "split core" situations where the same CPU core is used by multiple domains. Sometimes this is unavoidable, especially when domains are allocated and deallocated CPUs in small increments. Why split cores can matter Split core allocations can silenty reduce performance because multiple domains with different address spaces and memory contents are sharing the core's Level 1 cache (L1$). This is called false cache sharing since even identical memory addresses from different domains must point to different locations in RAM. The effect of this is increased contention for the cache, and higher memory latency for each domain using that core. The degree of performance impact can be widely variable. For applications with very small memory working sets, and with I/O bound or low-CPU utilization workloads, it may not matter at all: all machines wait for work at the same speed. If the domains have substantial workloads, or are critical to performance then this can have an important impact: This blog entry was inspired by a customer issue in which one CPU core was split among 3 domains, one of which was the control and service domain. The reported problem was increased I/O latency in guest domains, but the root cause might be higher latency servicing the I/O requests due to the control domain being slowed down. What to do about it Split core situations are easily avoided. In most cases the logical domain constraint manager will avoid it without any administrative action, but it can be entirely prevented by doing one of the several actions: Assign virtual CPUs in multiples of 8 - the number of threads per core. For example: ldm set-vcpu 8 mydomain or ldm add-vcpu 24 mydomain. Each domain will then be allocated on a core boundary. Use the whole core constraint when assigning CPU resources. This allocates CPUs in increments of entire cores instead of virtual CPU threads. The equivalent of the above commands would be ldm set-core 1 mydomain or ldm add-core 3 mydomain. Older syntax does the same thing by adding the -c flag to the add-vcpu, rm-vcpu and set-vcpu commands, but the new syntax is recommended. When whole core allocation is used an attempt to add cores to a domain fails if there aren't enough completely empty cores to satisfy the request. See https://blogs.oracle.com/sharakan/entry/oracle_vm_server_for_sparc4 for an excellent article on this topic by Eric Sharakan. Don't obsess: - if the workloads have minimal CPU requirements and don't need anywhere near a full CPU core, then don't worry about it. If you have low utilization workloads being consolidated from older machines onto a current T-series, then there's no need to worry about this or to assign an entire core to domains that will never use that much capacity. In any case, make sure the most important domains have their own CPU cores, in particular the control domain and any I/O or service domain, and of course any important guests. Summary Split core CPU allocation to domains can potentially have an impact on performance, but the logical domains manager tends to prevent this situation, and it can be completely and simply avoided by allocating virtual CPUs on core boundaries.

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• A Bite With No Teeth&ndash;Demystifying Non-Compete Clauses

  - by D'Arcy Lussier

  *DISCLAIMER: I am not a lawyer and this post in no way should be considered legal advice. I’m also in Canada, so references made are to Canadian court cases. I received a signed letter the other day, a reminder from my previous employer about some clauses associated with my employment and entry into an employee stock purchase program. So since this is in effect for the next 12 months, I guess I’m not starting that new job tomorrow. I’m kidding of course. How outrageous, how presumptuous, pompous, and arrogant that a company – any company – would actually place these conditions upon an employee. And yet, this is not uncommon. Especially in the IT industry, we see time and again similar wording in our employment agreements. But…are these legal? Is there any teeth behind the threat of the bite? Luckily, the answer seems to be ‘No’. I want to highlight two cases that support this. The first is Lyons v. Multari. In a nutshell, Dentist hires younger Dentist to be an associate. In their short, handwritten agreement, a non-compete clause was written stating “Protective Covenant. 3 yrs. – 5mi” (meaning you can’t set up shop within 5 miles for 3 years). Well, the young dentist left and did start an oral surgery office within 5 miles and within 3 years. Off to court they go! The initial judge sided with the older dentist, but on appeal it was overturned. Feel free to read the transcript of the decision here, but let me highlight one portion from section [19]: The general rule in most common law jurisdictions is that non-competition clauses in employment contracts are void. The sections following [19] explain further, and discuss Elsley v. J.G. Collins Insurance Agency Ltd. and its impact on Canadian law in this regard. The second case is Winnipeg Livestock Sales Ltd. v. Plewman. Desmond Plewman is an auctioneer, and worked at Winnipeg Livestock Sales. Part of his employment agreement was that he could not work for a competitor for 18 months if he left the company. Well, he left, and took up an important role in a competing company. The case went to court and as with Lyons v. Multari, the initial judge found in favour of the plaintiffs. Also as in the first case, that was overturned on appeal. Again, read through the transcript of the decision, but consider section [28]: In other words, even though Plewman has a great deal of skill as an auctioneer, Winnipeg Livestock has no proprietary interest in his professional skill and experience, even if they were acquired during his time working for Winnipeg Livestock.  Thus, Winnipeg Livestock has the burden of establishing that it has a legitimate proprietary interest requiring protection.  On this key question there is little evidence before the Court.  The record discloses that part of Plewman’s job was to “mingle with the … crowd” and to telephone customers and prospective customers about future prospects for the sale of livestock.  It may seem reasonable to assume that Winnipeg Livestock has a legitimate proprietary interest in its customer connections; but there is no evidence to indicate that there is any significant degree of “customer loyalty” in the business, as opposed to customers making choices based on other considerations such as cost, availability and the like. So are there any incidents where a non-compete can actually be valid? Yes, and these are considered “exceptional” cases, meaning that the situation meets certain circumstances. Michael Carabash has a great blog series discussing the above mentioned cases as well as the difference between a non-compete and non-solicit agreement. He talks about the exceptional criteria: In summary, the authorities reveal that the following circumstances will generally be relevant in determining whether a case is an “exceptional” one so that a general non-competition clause will be found to be reasonable: - The length of service with the employer. - The amount of personal service to clients. - Whether the employee dealt with clients exclusively, or on a sustained or     recurring basis. - Whether the knowledge about the client which the employee gained was of a   confidential nature, or involved an intimate knowledge of the client’s   particular needs, preferences or idiosyncrasies. - Whether the nature of the employee’s work meant that the employee had   influence over clients in the sense that the clients relied upon the employee’s   advice, or trusted the employee. - If competition by the employee has already occurred, whether there is   evidence that clients have switched their custom to him, especially without   direct solicitation. - The nature of the business with respect to whether personal knowledge of   the clients’ confidential matters is required. - The nature of the business with respect to the strength of customer loyalty,   how clients are “won” and kept, and whether the clientele is a recurring one. - The community involved and whether there were clientele yet to be exploited   by anyone. I close this blog post with a final quote, one from Zvulony & Co’s blog post on this subject. Again, all of this is not official legal advice, but I think we can see what all these sources are pointing towards. To answer my earlier question, there’s no teeth behind the threat of the bite. In light of this list, and the decisions in Lyons and Orlan, it is reasonably certain that in most employment situations a non-competition clause will be ineffective in protecting an employer from a departing employee who wishes to compete in the same business. The Courts have been relatively consistent in their position that if a non-solicitation clause can protect an employer’s interests, then a non-competition clause is probably unreasonable. Employers (or their solicitors) should avoid the inclination to draft restrictive covenants in broad, catch-all language. Or in other words, when drafting a restrictive covenant – take only what you need! D

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• C#, Delegates and LINQ

  - by JustinGreenwood

  One of the topics many junior programmers struggle with is delegates. And today, anonymous delegates and lambda expressions are profuse in .net APIs.  To help some VB programmers adapt to C# and the many equivalent flavors of delegates, I walked through some simple samples to show them the different flavors of delegates. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; namespace DelegateExample { class Program { public delegate string ProcessStringDelegate(string data); public static string ReverseStringStaticMethod(string data) { return new String(data.Reverse().ToArray()); } static void Main(string[] args) { var stringDelegates = new List<ProcessStringDelegate> { //========================================================== // Declare a new delegate instance and pass the name of the method in new ProcessStringDelegate(ReverseStringStaticMethod), //========================================================== // A shortcut is to just and pass the name of the method in ReverseStringStaticMethod, //========================================================== // You can create an anonymous delegate also delegate (string inputString) //Scramble { var outString = inputString; if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(inputString)) { var rand = new Random(); var chs = inputString.ToCharArray(); for (int i = 0; i < inputString.Length * 3; i++) { int x = rand.Next(chs.Length), y = rand.Next(chs.Length); char c = chs[x]; chs[x] = chs[y]; chs[y] = c; } outString = new string(chs); } return outString; }, //========================================================== // yet another syntax would be the lambda expression syntax inputString => { // ROT13 var array = inputString.ToCharArray(); for (int i = 0; i < array.Length; i++) { int n = (int)array[i]; n += (n >= 'a' && n <= 'z') ? ((n > 'm') ? 13 : -13) : ((n >= 'A' && n <= 'Z') ? ((n > 'M') ? 13 : -13) : 0); array[i] = (char)n; } return new string(array); } //========================================================== }; // Display the results of the delegate calls var stringToTransform = "Welcome to the jungle!"; System.Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Cyan; System.Console.Write("String to Process: "); System.Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow; System.Console.WriteLine(stringToTransform); stringDelegates.ForEach(delegatePointer => { System.Console.WriteLine(); System.Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Cyan; System.Console.Write("Delegate Method Name: "); System.Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Magenta; System.Console.WriteLine(delegatePointer.Method.Name); System.Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Cyan; System.Console.Write("Delegate Result: "); System.Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White; System.Console.WriteLine(delegatePointer(stringToTransform)); }); System.Console.ReadKey(); } } } The output of the program is below: String to Process: Welcome to the jungle! Delegate Method Name: ReverseStringStaticMethod Delegate Result: !elgnuj eht ot emocleW Delegate Method Name: ReverseStringStaticMethod Delegate Result: !elgnuj eht ot emocleW Delegate Method Name: b__1 Delegate Result: cg ljotWotem!le une eh Delegate Method Name: b__2 Delegate Result: dX_V|`X ?| ?[X ]?{Z_X!

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• Passing data between the VirtualBox Host and the Guest

  - by Fat Bloke

  Here's a good question: "How can you figure out the VM name from within the VM itself?" While this data is not automatically available, the general purpose, and very powerful VirtualBox "GuestProperty" APIs can be used from the host and guest to pass arbitrary data, in key/value pairs format, in and out of the guest. Note that this does require that the VirtualBox Guest Additions have been installed in the guest. To play with this, try using the "VBoxManage" command line on your VirtualBox host machine, and "VBoxControl" in the guest. Host syntax VBoxManage guestproperty get <vmname>|<uuid> <property> [--verbose] VBoxManage guestproperty set <vmname>|<uuid> <property> [<value> [--flags <flags>]] VBoxManage guestproperty enumerate <vmname>|<uuid> [--patterns <patterns>] VBoxManage guestproperty wait <vmname>|<uuid> <patterns> [--timeout <msec>] [--fail-on-timeout]   Guest syntax VBoxControl.exe guestproperty        get <property> [-verbose] VBoxControl.exe guestproperty        set <property> [<value> [-flags <flags>]] VBoxControl.exe guestproperty        enumerate [-patterns <patterns>] VBoxControl.exe guestproperty        wait <patterns>                                      [-timestamp <last timestamp>]                                      [-timeout <timeout in ms>  So to solve our problem above, we set the vm name in the Host system on an arbitrary key like this: $ VBoxManage guestproperty set "Windows 7 (x64)" /MyData/VMname "Windows 7 (x64)" And within the guest we can use: C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox Guest Additions>VBoxControl.exe guestproperty get /MyData/VMname Oracle VM VirtualBox Guest Additions Command Line Management Interface Version 4.1.14 (C) 2008-2012 Oracle Corporation All rights reserved. Value: Windows 7 (x64) The GuestProperty API is pretty powerful, so for the interested, get more info in the User Manual. - FB 

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• Using Recursive SQL and XML trick to PIVOT(OK, concat) a "Document Folder Structure Relationship" table, works like MySQL GROUP_CONCAT

  - by Kevin Shyr

  I'm in the process of building out a Data Warehouse and encountered this issue along the way.In the environment, there is a table that stores all the folders with the individual level.  For example, if a document is created here:{App Path}\Level 1\Level 2\Level 3\{document}, then the DocumentFolder table would look like this:IDID_ParentFolderName1NULLLevel 121Level 232Level 3To my understanding, the table was built so that:Each proposal can have multiple documents stored at various locationsDifferent users working on the proposal will have different access level to the folder; if one user is assigned access to a folder level, she/he can see all the sub folders and their content.Now we understand from an application point of view why this table was built this way.  But you can quickly see the pain this causes the report writer to show a document link on the report.  I wasn't surprised to find the report query had 5 self outer joins, which is at the mercy of nobody creating a document that is buried 6 levels deep, and not to mention the degradation in performance.With the help of 2 posts (at the end of this post), I was able to come up with this solution:Use recursive SQL to build out the folder pathUse SQL XML trick to concat the strings.Code (a reminder, I built this code in a stored procedure.  If you copy the syntax into a simple query window and execute, you'll get an incorrect syntax error) Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} -- Get all folders and group them by the original DocumentFolderID in PTSDocument table;WITH DocFoldersByDocFolderID(PTSDocumentFolderID_Original, PTSDocumentFolderID_Parent, sDocumentFolder, nLevel)AS (-- first member      SELECT 'PTSDocumentFolderID_Original' = d1.PTSDocumentFolderID            , PTSDocumentFolderID_Parent            , 'sDocumentFolder' = sName            , 'nLevel' = CONVERT(INT, 1000000)      FROM (SELECT DISTINCT PTSDocumentFolderID                  FROM dbo.PTSDocument_DY WITH(READPAST)            ) AS d1            INNER JOIN dbo.PTSDocumentFolder_DY AS df1 WITH(READPAST)                  ON d1.PTSDocumentFolderID = df1.PTSDocumentFolderID      UNION ALL      -- recursive      SELECT ddf1.PTSDocumentFolderID_Original            , df1.PTSDocumentFolderID_Parent            , 'sDocumentFolder' = df1.sName            , 'nLevel' = ddf1.nLevel - 1      FROM dbo.PTSDocumentFolder_DY AS df1 WITH(READPAST)            INNER JOIN DocFoldersByDocFolderID AS ddf1                  ON df1.PTSDocumentFolderID = ddf1.PTSDocumentFolderID_Parent)-- Flatten out folder path, DocFolderSingleByDocFolderID(PTSDocumentFolderID_Original, sDocumentFolder)AS (SELECT dfbdf.PTSDocumentFolderID_Original            , 'sDocumentFolder' = STUFF((SELECT '\' + sDocumentFolder                                         FROM DocFoldersByDocFolderID                                         WHERE (PTSDocumentFolderID_Original = dfbdf.PTSDocumentFolderID_Original)                                         ORDER BY PTSDocumentFolderID_Original, nLevel                                         FOR XML PATH ('')),1,1,'')      FROM DocFoldersByDocFolderID AS dfbdf      GROUP BY dfbdf.PTSDocumentFolderID_Original) And voila, I use the second CTE to join back to my original query (which is now a CTE for Source as we can now use MERGE to do INSERT and UPDATE at the same time).Each part of this solution would not solve the problem by itself because:If I don't use recursion, I cannot build out the path properly.  If I use the XML trick only, then I don't have the originating folder ID info that I need to link to the document.If I don't use the XML trick, then I don't have one row per document to show in the report.I could conceivably do this in the report function, but I'd rather not deal with the beginning or ending backslash and how to attach the document name.PIVOT doesn't do strings and UNPIVOT runs into the same problem as the above.I'm excited that each version of SQL server provides us new tools to solve old problems and/or enables us to solve problems in a more elegant wayThe 2 posts that helped me along:Recursive Queries Using Common Table ExpressionHow to use GROUP BY to concatenate strings in SQL server?

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• "Win32 exception occurred releasing IUnknown at..." error using Pylons and WMI

  - by Anders

  Hi all, Im using Pylons in combination with WMI module to do some basic system monitoring of a couple of machines, for POSIX based systems everything is simple - for Windows - not so much. Doing a request to the Pylons server to get current CPU, however it's not working well, or atleast with the WMI module. First i simply did (something) this: c = wmi.WMI() for cpu in c.Win32_Processor(): value = cpu.LoadPercentage However, that gave me an error when accessing this module via Pylons (GET http://ip:port/cpu): raise x_wmi_uninitialised_thread ("WMI returned a syntax error: you're probably running inside a thread without first calling pythoncom.CoInitialize[Ex]") x_wmi_uninitialised_thread: <x_wmi: WMI returned a syntax error: you're probably running inside a thread without first calling pythoncom.CoInitialize[Ex] (no underlying exception)> Looking at http://timgolden.me.uk/python/wmi/tutorial.html, i wrapped the code accordingly to the example under the topic "CoInitialize & CoUninitialize", which makes the code work, but it keeps throwing "Win32 exception occurred releasing IUnknown at..." And then looking at http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-win32/2007-August/006237.html and the follow up post, trying to follow that - however pythoncom._GetInterfaceCount() is always 20. Im guessing this is someway related to Pylons spawning worker threads and crap like that, however im kinda lost here, advice would be nice. Thanks in advance, Anders

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• Programming Java 7 in Eclipse

  - by reprogrammer

  I installed JDK 7 and Eclipse 3.6M6. Then, I added JRE 7 as a new JRE execution environment in Eclipse, and set the compiler compliance level to Java 7. I can compile the following piece of code through command line using the javac that comes with JDK 7. import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; public class Try { public static void main(String[] args) { Map<Integer, String> map = new HashMap<>(); } } But, Eclipse gives the following error messages. Incorrect number of arguments for type HashMap; it cannot be parameterized with arguments Try.java /TryJava7/src line 7 Java Problem Syntax error on token "<", ? expected after this token Try.java /TryJava7/src line 7 Java Problem Even though I've set the compliance level of the compiler to Java 7, it looks like Eclipse doesn't understand Java7 syntax yet. Is it possible to play with Java 7 in Eclipse? The following is the content of .classpath. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <classpath> <classpathentry kind="src" path="src"/> <classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER/org.eclipse.jdt.internal.debug.ui.launcher.StandardVMType/JavaSE-1.7"/> <classpathentry kind="output" path="bin"/> </classpath> And, the following is the content of .settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs. eclipse.preferences.version=1 org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.inlineJsrBytecode=enabled org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.targetPlatform=1.7 org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.unusedLocal=preserve org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.compliance=1.7 org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.debug.lineNumber=generate org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.debug.localVariable=generate org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.debug.sourceFile=generate org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.problem.assertIdentifier=error org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.problem.enumIdentifier=error org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.source=1.7

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• expecting tASSOC in a Rails file

  - by steven_noble

  I'm sure I've done something stupid here, but I just can't see it. I call the breadcrumb method in the application view. app/helpers/breadcrumbs_helper.rb says: module BreadcrumbsHelper def breadcrumb @crumb_list = [] drominay_crumb_builder project_crumb_builder content_tag(:div, :id => "breadcrumbs", @crumb_list.map { |list_item| crumb_builder(list_item) }) end def crumb_builder(list_item) if list_item == @crumb_list.last content_tag(:span, list_item['body'], :class => list_item['crumb']) else body = ["list_item['body']", "&nbsp;&#x2192;&nbsp;"].join link_to(body, list_item['url'], :class => list_item['crumb']) end end def drominay_crumb_builder list_item = Hash.new list_item['body'] = "Drominay" list_item['url'] = "root" @crumb_list << list_item end def project_crumb_builder end end Why oh why am I getting this "expecting tASSOC" error? (And what is a tASSOC anyway?) steven-nobles-imac-200:drominay steven$ script/server => Booting Mongrel (use 'script/server webrick' to force WEBrick) => Rails 2.2.2 application starting on http://0.0.0.0:3000 => Call with -d to detach => Ctrl-C to shutdown server ** Starting Mongrel listening at 0.0.0.0:3000 ** Starting Rails with development environment... Exiting /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require': /Users/steven/Drominay/app/helpers/breadcrumbs_helper.rb:7: syntax error, unexpected ')', expecting tASSOC (SyntaxError) /Users/steven/Drominay/app/helpers/breadcrumbs_helper.rb:29: syntax error, unexpected $end, expecting kEND from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.2.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:153:in `require' from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.2.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.2.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:153:in `require' from /Users/steven/Drominay/app/helpers/application_helper.rb:5 from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.2.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:382:in `load_without_new_constant_marking' from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.2.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:382:in `load_file' from /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.2.2/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:521:in `new_constants_in' ... 56 levels... from /Users/steven/.gem/ruby/1.8/gems/rails-2.2.2/lib/commands/server.rb:49 from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require' from /Library/Ruby/Site/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from script/server:3

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• Help catching AV with WinDbg and ADPlus 7.0

  - by Stoune

  I want to catch Memory Access Violation in SQL Server Compact Edition like this described at http://debuggingblog.com/wp/2009/02/18/memory-access-violation-in-sql-server-compact-editionce/ The suggested config is: CRASH Quiet MyApp.exe NoDumpOnFirstChance clr;av FullDump gn I download latest Debugging Tools and observe what Microsoft rewrite adplus tool into managed code and change syntax of config File. I rewrite config file like this: <ADPlus Version="2"> <Settings> <RunMode>Crash</RunMode> <Option>Quiet</Option> <Option>NoDumpOnFirst</Option> <Sympath>c:\symbols\</Sympath> <OutputDir>c:\work\output\</OutputDir> <ProcessName>c:\work\app\output\MyApp.exe</ProcessName> </Settings> <Exceptions><!--to get the full dump on clr access violation--> <Exception Code="clr;av"> <Actions1>FullDump</Actions1> <ReturnAction1>gn</ReturnAction1> </Exception> </Exceptions> </ADPlus> And I get error "Couldn't find exception with code: clr;av". If I understand right It didn't load sos extension, but I can't find the right section and syntax that I should use to load it. adplus_old.vbs - for some reasons didn't launch process on Windows 7. WinDBG 6.12.0002.633 X86 ADPlus Engine Version: 7.01.002 02/27/2009 Maybe someone has a working example of config of debugging .NET app with latest adplus.exe?

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• Standard Apache (not OHS) with mod_osso for Single Signon

  - by Markos Fragkakis

  The mod_osso.so (the Apache plugin for Single Signon, provided by Oracle) is distributed with the Oracle HTTP Server (OHS), which is essentially a modified Apache. I am trying to use it on the standard Apache HTTP Server, and have not managed to get it to work. Configuration: Apache 2.2.15 OHS from the Oracle Web Tier Tools 11.1.1.2.0 Red Hat Linux 64 bit I have: Included the module in the modules directory (copied from corresponding modules dir in OHS) Included the libraries libiau.so and libclutsh.so.11.1 from Oracle Home. The absence of these libraries produced an error on starting Apache. Produced a osso.conf using the ssoreg.sh tool provided with OID (the LDAP implementation of Oracle) Created the required mod_osso.conf file, which I included in httpd.conf. The error I get when starting Apache is this: # /opt/apache_sso/bin/apachectl -k start httpd: Syntax error on line 1075 of /opt/apache_sso/conf/httpd.conf: Syntax error on line 1 of /opt/apache_sso/conf/mod_osso.conf: Cannot load /opt/apache_sso/modules/mod_osso.so into server: /opt/apache_sso/modules/mod_osso.so: undefined symbol: _audit_authentication_request My mod_osso.conf: # cat /opt/apache_sso/conf/mod_osso.conf LoadModule osso_module modules/mod_osso.so <IfModule mod_osso.c> OssoIdleTimeout off OssoIpCheck on OssoConfigFile conf/osso.conf #Location is the URI you want to protect <Location /myapp> require valid-user #OHS 11g AuthType Osso #OHS 10g AuthType Basic AuthType Osso </Location> </IfModule> Has anyone made mod_osso work on standard Apache HTTP server?

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• Ruby on Rails: How to sanitize a string for SQL when not using find?

  - by williamjones

  I'm trying to sanitize a string that involves user input without having to resort to manually crafting my own possibly buggy regex if possible, however, if that is the only way I would also appreciate if anyone can point me in the right direction to a regex that is unlikely to be missing anything. There are a number of methods in Rails that can allow you to enter in native SQL commands, how do people escape user input for those? The question I'm asking is a broad one, but in my particular case, I'm working with a column in my Postgres database that Rails does not natively understand as far as I know, the tsvector, which holds plain text search information. Rails is able to write and read from it as if it's a string, however, unlike a string, it doesn't seem to be automatically escaping it when I do things like vector= inside the model. For example, when I do model.name='::', where name is a string, it works fine. When I do model.vector='::' it errors out: ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: PGError: ERROR: syntax error in tsvector: "::" "vectors" = E'::' WHERE "id" = 1 This seems to be a problem caused by lack of escaping of the semicolons, and I can manually set the vector='\:\:' fine. I also had the bright idea, maybe I can just call something like: ActiveRecord::Base.connection.execute "UPDATE medias SET vectors = ? WHERE id = 1", "::" However, this syntax doesn't work, because the raw SQL commands don't have access to find's method of escaping and inputting strings by using the ? mark. This strikes me as the same problem as calling connection.execute with any type of user input, as it all boils down to sanitizing the strings, but I can't seem to find any way to manually call Rails' SQL string sanitization methods. Can anyone provide any advice?

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• ProgrammingError when aggregating over an annotated & grouped Django ORM query

  - by ento

  I'm trying to construct a query to get the "average, maximum, minimum number of items purchased by a single user". The data source is this simple sales record table: class SalesRecord(models.Model): id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True) user_id = models.IntegerField() product_code = models.CharField() price = models.IntegerField() created_at = models.DateTimeField() A new record is inserted into this table for every item purchased by a user. Here's my attempt at building the query: q = SalesRecord.objects.all() q = q.values('user_id').annotate( # group by user and count the # of records count=Count('id'), # (= # of items) ).order_by() result = q.aggregate(Max('count'), Min('count'), Avg('count')) When I try to execute the code, a ProgrammingError is raised at the last line: (1064, "You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'FROM (SELECT sales_records.user_id AS user_id, COUNT(sales_records.`' at line 1") Django's error screen shows that the SQL is SELECT FROM (SELECT `sales_records`.`player_id` AS `player_id`, COUNT(`sales_records`.`id`) AS `count` FROM `sales_records` WHERE (`sales_records`.`created_at` >= %s AND `sales_records`.`created_at` <= %s ) GROUP BY `sales_records`.`player_id` ORDER BY NULL) subquery It's not selecting anything! Can someone please show me the right way to do this? Hacking Django I've found that clearing the cache of selected fields in django.db.models.sql.BaseQuery.get_aggregation() seems to solve the problem. Though I'm not really sure this is a fix or a workaround. @@ -327,10 +327,13 @@ # Remove any aggregates marked for reduction from the subquery # and move them to the outer AggregateQuery. + self._aggregate_select_cache = None + self.aggregate_select_mask = None for alias, aggregate in self.aggregate_select.items(): if aggregate.is_summary: query.aggregate_select[alias] = aggregate - del obj.aggregate_select[alias] + if alias in obj.aggregate_select: + del obj.aggregate_select[alias] ... yields result: {'count__max': 267, 'count__avg': 26.2563, 'count__min': 1}

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• Convert a (nested)HTML unordered list of links to PHP array of links

  - by Klark

  Hi, I have a regular, nested HTML unordered list of links, and I'd like to scrape it with PHP and convert it to an array. The original list looks something like this: <ul> <li><a href="http://someurl.com">First item</a> <ul> <li><a href="http://someotherurl.com/">Child of First Item</a></li> <li><a href="http://someotherurl.com/">Second Child of First Item</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="http://bogusurl.com">Second item</a></li> <li><a href="http://bogusurl.com">Third item</a></li> <li><a href="http://bogusurl.com">Fourth item</a></li> </ul> Any of the items can have children. (The actual screen scraping is not a problem, I can do that.) I'd like to turn this into a PHP array, of just the links, while keeping the hierarchical nature of the list. Any ideas? I've looked at using htmlsimpledom and phpQuery, which both use jQuery like syntax. But, I can't seem to get the syntax right. Thanks.

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• Why can't I source my vimrc after installing vundle?

  - by John N

  I'm trying to get my Vim to update on the fly after editing vimrc. So I followed the instructions at Vimcast which basically source vimrc every time you hit save. But that doesn't work for some reason (when I save my vimrc it doesn't give any errors), so I decided to run source $HOME/.vimrc manually and here's what I got: -bash: Configuration file for vim set nocompatible : command not found -bash: Plugin Management { filetype off : command not found -bash: .vimrc: line 7: syntax error near unexpected token `(' -bash: .vimrc: line 7: ` call vundle#rc()' And here's my Vim info (I'm running Mac OS X 10.7.3): VIM - Vi IMproved 7.3 (2010 Aug 15, compiled Jul 31 2011 19:27:29) Compiled by [email protected] Normal version without GUI. Features included (+) or not (-): -arabic +autocmd -balloon_eval -browse +builtin_terms +byte_offset +cindent -clientserver -clipboard +cmdline_compl +cmdline_hist +cmdline_info +comments -conceal +cryptv +cscope +cursorbind +cursorshape +dialog_con +diff +digraphs -dnd -ebcdic -emacs_tags +eval +ex_extra +extra_search -farsi +file_in_path +find_in_path +float +folding -footer +fork() -gettext -hangul_input +iconv +insert_expand +jumplist -keymap -langmap +libcall +linebreak +lispindent +listcmds +localmap -lua +menu +mksession +modify_fname +mouse -mouseshape -mouse_dec -mouse_gpm -mouse_jsbterm -mouse_netterm -mouse_sysmouse +mouse_xterm +multi_byte +multi_lang -mzscheme +netbeans_intg -osfiletype +path_extra -perl +persistent_undo +postscript +printer -profile -python -python3 +quickfix +reltime -rightleft -ruby +scrollbind +signs +smartindent -sniff +startuptime +statusline -sun_workshop +syntax +tag_binary +tag_old_static -tag_any_white -tcl +terminfo +termresponse +textobjects +title -toolbar +user_commands +vertsplit +virtualedit +visual +visualextra +viminfo +vreplace +wildignore +wildmenu +windows +writebackup -X11 -xfontset -xim -xsmp -xterm_clipboard -xterm_save system vimrc file: "$VIM/vimrc" user vimrc file: "$HOME/.vimrc" user exrc file: "$HOME/.exrc" fall-back for $VIM: "/usr/share/vim" Compilation: gcc -c -I. -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=0 -Iproto -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -g -Os -pipe Linking: gcc -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -o vim -lncurses Could anybody tell me what's wrong here? Thanks so much!

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• Xpath that evaluates -all- attributes?

  - by Tres

  I maybe be trying to do something invalid here, but maybe someone smarter than me knows the correct syntax to solve my problem. Given: <group code="vehicle"> <line code="car"> <cell> <box code="price">1000.00</box> </cell> </line> <line code="car"> <cell code="sports"> <box code="price">500.00</box> </cell> </line> </group> If I use //*[@code="vehicle"]//*[@code="car"]//*[@code="price"], I will get both boxes returned (1000.00 and 500.00)--as expected but not what I want. Is there an xpath syntax that will evaluate against all nodes that have an attribute of @code rather than skipping it if it doesn't match with the end result being that I only get back the first box (price of 1000.00)? Like asking, choose the first node with @code and that @code must equal "vehicle", then choose the next node with @code and that @code must equal "car", then choose the next node with @code and @code must equal "price".

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• Delegates in .NET: how are they constructed ?

  - by Saulius

  While inspecting delegates in C# and .NET in general, I noticed some interesting facts: Creating a delegate in C# creates a class derived from MulticastDelegate with a constructor: .method public hidebysig specialname rtspecialname instance void .ctor(object 'object', native int 'method') runtime managed { } Meaning that it expects the instance and a pointer to the method. Yet the syntax of constructing a delegate in C# suggests that it has a constructor new MyDelegate(int () target) where I can recognise int () as a function instance (int *target() would be a function pointer in C++). So obviously the C# compiler picks out the correct method from the method group defined by the function name and constructs the delegate. So the first question would be, where does the C# compiler (or Visual Studio, to be precise) pick this constructor signature from ? I did not notice any special attributes or something that would make a distinction. Is this some sort of compiler/visualstudio magic ? If not, is the T (args) target construction valid in C# ? I did not manage to get anything with it to compile, e.g.: int () target = MyMethod; is invalid, so is doing anything with MyMetod, e.g. calling .ToString() on it (well this does make some sense, since that is technically a method group, but I imagine it should be possible to explicitly pick out a method by casting, e.g. (int())MyFunction. So is all of this purely compiler magic ? Looking at the construction through reflector reveals yet another syntax: Func CS$1$0000 = new Func(null, (IntPtr) Foo); This is consistent with the disassembled constructor signature, yet this does not compile! One final interesting note is that the classes Delegate and MulticastDelegate have yet another sets of constructors: .method family hidebysig specialname rtspecialname instance void .ctor(class System.Type target, string 'method') cil managed Where does the transition from an instance and method pointer to a type and a string method name occur ? Can this be explained by the runtime managed keywords in the custom delegate constructor signature, i.e. does the runtime do it's job here ?

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• Environment variable names with parentheses, like %ProgramFiles(x86)%, in PowerShell?

  - by jwfearn

  How does one get the value of environment variable whose name contains parentheses in a PowerShell script? To complicate matters, some variables names contains parentheses while others have similar names without parenteses. For example (using cmd.exe): C:\>set | find "ProgramFiles" CommonProgramFiles=C:\Program Files\Common Files CommonProgramFiles(x86)=C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files ProgramFiles=C:\Program Files ProgramFiles(x86)=C:\Program Files (x86) We see that %ProgramFiles% is not the same as %ProgramFiles(x86)%. My PowerShell code is failing in a weird way because it's ignoring the part of the environment variable name after the parentheses. Since this happens to match the name of a different, but existing, environment variable I don't fail, I just get the right value of the wrong variable. Here's a test function in the PowerShell scripting language to illustrate my problem: function Do-Test { $ok = "C:\Program Files (x86)" # note space between 's' and '( $bad = "$Env:ProgramFiles" + "(x86)" # uses %ProgramFiles% $bin32 = "$Env:ProgramFiles(x86)" # LINE 6, I want to use %ProgramFiles(x86)% if ( $bin32 -eq $ok ) { Write-Output "Pass" } elseif ( $bin32 -eq $bad ) { Write-Output "Fail: %ProgramFiles% used instead of %ProgramFiles(x86)%" } else { Write-Output "Fail: some other reason" } } And here's the output: PS> Do-Test Fail: %ProgramFiles% used instead of %ProgramFiles(x86)% Is there a simple change I can make to line 6 above to get the correct value of %ProgramFiles(x86)%? *NOTE: In the text of this post I am using batch file syntax for environment variables as a convenient shorthand. For example %SOME_VARIABLE% means "the value of the environment variable whose name is SOME_VARIABLE". If I knew the properly escaped syntax in PowerShell, I wouldn't need to ask this question.*

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• Trouble parsing some RSS feeds using Java and Sax

  - by brockoli

  I've written an RSS feed parser in Java (running on Android) and it parses some feeds perfectly, and others not at all. I get the following error when it tries to parse Slashdot (http://rss.slashdot.org/Slashdot/slashdot) org.apache.harmony.xml.ExpatParser$ParseException: At line 1, column 0: unbound prefix If I try to parse Wired (http://feeds.wired.com/wired/index) org.apache.harmony.xml.ExpatParser$ParseException: At line 1, column 0: syntax error If I try to parse AndroidGuys (http://feeds.feedburner.com/androidguyscom) org.apache.harmony.xml.ExpatParser$ParseException: At line 1, column 0: syntax error Here is some code for my parser. public void updateArticles(Context ctx, Feed feed, int numDaysToGet) { try { targetFlag = TARGET_ARTICLES; tweetDB = new TweetMonsterDBAdapter(ctx); tweetDB.open(); currentFeed = feed; TimeZone.setDefault(TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC")); // or "Etc/GMT-1" Date currentDate = new Date(); long dateInMillis = currentDate.getTime(); oldestDate.setTime(dateInMillis-(dayInMillis*numDaysToGet)); SAXParserFactory spf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); SAXParser sp = spf.newSAXParser(); XMLReader xr = sp.getXMLReader(); xr.setContentHandler(this); xr.parse(new InputSource(currentFeed.url.openStream())); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e("TweetMonster", e.toString()); } catch (SAXException e) { tweetDB.close(); Log.e("TweetMonster", e.toString()); } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) { Log.e("TweetMonster", e.toString()); } tweetDB.close(); } It doesn't even get into my startElement method.

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• slicing a 2d numpy array

  - by MedicalMath

  The following code: import numpy as p myarr=[[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6],[0,1],[0,6]] copy=p.array(myarr) p.mean(copy)[:,1] Is generating the following error message: Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#3>", line 1, in <module> p.mean(copy)[:,1] IndexError: 0-d arrays can only use a single () or a list of newaxes (and a single ...) as an index I looked up the syntax at this link and I seem to be using the correct syntax to slice. However, when I type copy[:,1] into the Python shell, it gives me the following output, which is clearly wrong, and is probably what is throwing the error: array([1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6, 1, 6]) Can anyone show me how to fix my code so that I can extract the second column and then take the mean of the second column as intended in the original code above? EDIT: Thank you for your solutions. However, my posting was an oversimplification of my real problem. I used your solutions in my real code, and got a new error. Here is my real code with one of your solutions that I tried: filteredSignalArray=p.array(filteredSignalArray) logical=p.logical_and(EndTime-10.0<=matchingTimeArray,matchingTimeArray<=EndTime) finalStageTime=matchingTimeArray.compress(logical) finalStageFiltered=filteredSignalArray.compress(logical) for j in range(len(finalStageTime)): if j == 0: outputArray=[[finalStageTime[j],finalStageFiltered[j]]] else: outputArray+=[[finalStageTime[j],finalStageFiltered[j]]] print 'outputArray[:,1].mean() is: ',outputArray[:,1].mean() And here is the error message that is now being generated by the new code: File "mypath\myscript.py", line 1545, in WriteToOutput10SecondsBeforeTimeMarker print 'outputArray[:,1].mean() is: ',outputArray[:,1].mean() TypeError: list indices must be integers, not tuple Second EDIT: This is solved now that I added: outputArray=p.array(outputArray) above my code. I have been at this too many hours and need to take a break for a while if I am making these kinds of mistakes.

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