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  • IP Blacklists and suspicious inbound and outbound traffic

    - by Pantelis Sopasakis
    I administer a web server and recently we had our IP banned (!) from our host after they received a notification e-mail for abuse. In particular our server is allegedly involved in spam attacks over HTTP. The content of the abuse report email we received was not much informative - for example the IP addresses our server is supposed to have attacked against are not included - so I started a wireshark session checking for suspicious traffic over TCP/HTTP while trying to locate possible security holes on the system. (Let me note that the machine runs a Debian OS). Here is an example of such a request... Source: 89.74.188.233 Destination: 12.34.56.78 // my ip Protocol: HTTP Info: GET 'http://www.media.apniworld.com/image.php?type=hv' HTTP/1.0 I manually blacklisted this host (as well as some other ones) blocking them with iptables, but I can't keep on doing manually all day long... I'm looking for an automated way to block such IPs based on: Statistical analysis, pattern recognition or other AI-based analysis (Though, I'm reluctant to trust such a solution, if exists) Public blacklists Using DNSBL I actually found out that 89.74.188.233 is blacklisted. However other IPs which are strongly suspicious like 93.199.112.126 (i.e. http://www.pornstarnetwork.com/account/signin), unfortunately were not blacklisted! What I would like to do is to automatically connect my firewall with DNSBL (or some other blacklist database) and block all traffic towards blacklisted IPs or somehow have my local blacklist automatically updated.

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  • Build suggestion for mini itx server [on hold]

    - by Spyros
    I am looking to create a home server and since there does not seem to be a nice ready made one to purchase, i thought of building a mini itx one. I am not familiar with the best hardware/case to pick and therefore i thought i would ask for your experience. I will most probably install a simple linux distro, probably Debian and most probably without a desktop environment as well. Therefore, I am not looking for the best graphics card, though a decent one is preferred for sure. I would say that the most important thing is that the case/hardware play well with each other and the machine has decent specs ( i think something like 8gb RAM and 1TB hdd is most probably my most important things). I understand that this question can be closed as subjective, but it would be a great help for me if some of you guys who have been doing a similar build, can suggest something. I tried to find a stack exchange variant for the question, but it seems that this one more closely relates to the subject. But I will definitely understand it if people close it due to being subjective in nature. If you can maybe move it somewhere or so, please feel free to do so. Thank you for your time :)

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  • Using OSX home directories from linux

    - by Steffen
    I'm running an OSX (Snow Leopard) Server with OpenDirectory, which is nothing else than a modified OpenLDAP with some Apple-specific schemas. However, I want to reuse this directory on some of my Linux (Debian Squeeze) boxes. It's no problem to authenticate against OSXs LDAP Server, this works fine already. What I struggle with is the way the home folders are specified in OSX. If I query the passwd config on one of my linux machines, the OSX imported entries are looking like this myaccount:x:1034:1026:Firstname Lastname:/Network/Servers/hostname.example.com/Volumes/MyShare/Users/myaccount:/bin/bash While those network home folders might be fine for OSX-Clients, I don't want those server based paths on my linux machines. I saw that there is an NFSHomeDirectory Attribute in the OSX User inspector, but if I change this the whole user home path gets changed. Since my users should be able to login on both systems, OSX and Linux, this is not what I want. Does anyone have an idea how I must configure OSX to make my linux machines use home folders like /net/myaccount and leave the configuration for OSX clients untouched?

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  • both ssl and non-ssl on single port

    - by Zulakis
    I would like to make my apache2 webserver serve both http and https on the same port. With the different method i tried it was either not working on http or on https.. How can I do this? Update: If I enable SSL and then visit the with http I get page like this: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN"> <html><head> <title>400 Bad Request</title> </head><body> <h1>Bad Request</h1> <p>Your browser sent a request that this server could not understand.<br /> Reason: You're speaking plain HTTP to an SSL-enabled server port.<br /> Instead use the HTTPS scheme to access this URL, please.<br /> <blockquote>Hint: <a href="https://server/"><b>https://server/</b></a></blockquote></p> <hr> <address>Apache/2.2.9 (Debian) PHP/5.2.6-1+lenny16 with Suhosin-Patch mod_ssl/2.2.9 OpenSSL/0.9.8g Server at server Port 443</address> </body></html> Because of this, it seems very much possible to have both http and https on the same port. A first step would be to change this default-page so it would present a 301-Moved header. Update2: According to this, it is possible. Now, the question is just how to configure apache to do it.

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  • SSH attack CentOS Amazon EC2

    - by user37143
    Hi, I run a few Rightscale CentOS AMI based instances on Amazon EC2. Two months back I found that our SSHD security is compromised( I had added host.allow and host.deny for ssh). So I created new instances and done an IP based ssh that allows only our IPs through AWS Firewall(ec2-authorize) and chnaged the ssh 22 default port to some other port but two days back I found I was not able to login to the server and when I tried on 22 port the ssh got connected and I found that sshd_conf was changed and when I tried to edit sshd_config I found root had no write permission on the file. So I tried a chmod and it said access denied for 'root' user. This is very strange. I checked secure log and history and found nothing informative. I have PHP, Ruby On Rails, Java, Wordpress apps running on these server. This time I did a chkrootkit scan and found nothing. I renamed the /etc/ssh folder and reinstalled openssh through yum. I had faced this on 3 instances on CentOS(5.2, 5.4) I have instances on Debian as well those working fine. Is this a CentOS/Rightscale issue. Guys, what security measures I should take to prevent this. Please support me this is very critical. Thanks

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  • how could application installations/configurations be easier in linux?

    - by ajsie
    although you can do anything in linux it tends to require a lot of tweaking in config files and reading a lot of manuals/tutorials before you can have it running in your way. i know that it gets a lot easier by time, and the apt-get installations with ubuntu/debian is heading the right way. but how can linux be more userfriendly for us in the future? i thought that if more is automated like an IDE environment, eg. typing svn will give us all the commands and description about each command when you move between commands with your keyboard. that would be great. but that's just one example. another is the navigation in the terminal between folders. now you have to type a lot just to jump from/to different folders. would be great with some more automatization here too. i know that these extra features will slow down the server, but its 2010 now, and these features are not that heavy for the cpu, but makes it more userfriendly and encourage maintainance of a server, not frighten u off. what do you think about this? should/could we have more user friendly linux environment in servers, something that has annoyed you a lot? a lot of things are done in the unix way, but maybe we should reinvent the wheel in some areas, cause apparently, its so...repeatingly today and difficult to do easy tasks. it should be easier i think..

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  • How to extend a Linux PV partition online after virtual disk growth

    - by Yves Martin
    VMware allows to extend the size of a virtual disk online - when the VM is running. The next expected steps for Linux system are: extend the partition: delete and create a larger one with fdisk extend the PV size with pvresize use free extents for lvresize operations and then resize2fs for file system But I am stuck on the first step: fdisk and sfdisk still display the old size for the disk. My disk is a SCSI virtual disk connected thanks to the virtual LSI Logic controller. How to refresh the virtual disk size and partition table information available in Linux kernel without reboot ? As far as I know all that steps are possible for a running Windows, without reboot and even without any user actions thanks to VMWare tools. On Linux, I expects to do all steps online too and I already know steps 2, 3 and 4 work online. But the first one - change partition size declared in the partition table (still) seems to require a reboot. Update: My system is a Debian Lenny with kernel 2.6.26 and the disk I have extended is the main disk with a large PV containing the "root" LV for "/".

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  • NGINX Configuration Error using Codex Example: Is This a Typo in Codex?

    - by jw60660
    I installed NGINX using this tutorial: C3M Digital NGINX Tuturial but after reading this article on security issues with "cut and paste" configuration tutorials: Neal Poole's article regarding security and NGINX configuration I decided to follow Poole's suggestion to use the configuration suggested in the WordPress codex: Codex on NGINX Configuration I used the Codex configuration for a multisite installation using W3 Total Cache. When attempting to start NGINX I get an error saying that the /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed. The error message was: "Restarting nginx: nginx: [emerg] unknown directive "//" in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/teambrazil.com:18" When I looked at my site specific configuration at that path I noticed the rewrite rule in the server block was: rewrite ^ $scheme://teambrazil.conf$request_uri redirect; That line in the Codex example was: rewrite ^ $scheme://mysite.conf$request_uri redirect; That looked like a mistake to me, and I changed my line to: rewrite ^ $scheme://teambrazil.com$request_uri redirect; I then attempted to restart NGINX but got the same error message. My question is: is that a mistake, and is there anything more I have to do aside from restarting NGINX after making this change. As suggested by both tutorials I set up the directories: /etc/nginx/sites-enabled and /etc/nginx/sites-available and created the appropriate symbolic links using: touch /etc/nginx/sites-available/teambrazil.com ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/teambrazil.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/teambrazil.com Is there something else I need to consider after making this correction? Or was it not an error in the first place? I'm pretty stuck here. BTW, I am using Debian squeeze as an OS on Amerinoc's VPS. I'm just getting familiar with VPS administration and am pretty much a noob. Thanks very much, would appreciate any input.

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  • Sign multiple domains with single Domain Key (dk-filter)

    - by Lashae
    Motivation The private shopping website GILT, send periodical update emails from giltgroupe.bounce.ed10.net however all of the mails are signed with domain keys of giltgroupe.com. mailed-by giltgroupe.bounce.ed10.net signed-by giltgroupe.com My Story I couldn't manage to sign x.com with y.com 's domain key using dk-filter under Debian Lenny with postfix. If I try to init dk-filter service with following arguments: DAEMON_OPTS="$DAEMON_OPTS -d x.com,y.com -c nofws -k -i /var/dk-filter/internal_hosts -s /etc/dk-keys.conf" dk-filter service signs with domain x.com (d=x.com) If I change the daemon arg.s as following: DAEMON_OPTS="$DAEMON_OPTS -d x.com -c nofws -k -i /var/dk-filter/internal_hosts -s /etc/dk-keys.conf" then emails sent From y.com is not being signed. the dk-keys.conf file is as follows: *:/var/dk-filter/y.com/mail I managed to do same thing with DKIM, works perfect. However DK doesn't seem to work. I don't have any problem signing y.com's emails with y.com's key and x.com's emails x.com's key, which indicates there is no configuration problem. Do you have any experience/advice to make it possible to sign emails from multiple domains by a specific chosen domain?

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  • GtkView GtkSpell and myspell backend

    - by justadreamer
    Hi I have an IM client pidgin. It is launched under locale ru_RU.UTF-8 Then when I type messages in GtkView widget it highlights the misspelled words. However it uses a GtkSpell which uses enchant, which uses myspell backend (I provided it with symlink to openoffice dictionaries folder /usr/share/enchant/myspell -- /usr/share/myspell/dict). Now the problem is that whichever language I use - it still uses ru_RU language to select the dictionary, so all english text is being underlined as a misspelled text. When I switch locale to en_US and then launch pidgin under it - then all russian text becomes misspelled. I don't like this behaviour as I use pidgin to chat in both languages. Is there a way to somehow setup enchant/myspell so that it searches in both dictionaries en_US and ru_RU independent of the locale I launched pidgin (GtkView) in ? I have Debian lenny/5.0.1 distro. enchant version 1.5.0. /usr/share/enchant/enchant.ordering looks like this: *:myspell meaning that for all languages backend is myspell myspell dictionary.lst file looks like this: DICT en GB en_GB DICT en US en_US THES en US th_en_US_v2 THES en GB th_en_US_v2 THES ru RU th_ru_RU_v2 DICT ru RU ru_RU DICT uk UA uk DICT ru RU en_US

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  • Hardware chose: ASUS Eee Pad Slider or ASUS Eee Pad Transformer for web development?

    - by JamesM
    I was just wondering out of the following Tablets which one seams better to get? I am a web-developer, Always using Unix/Linux/BSD, I want a tablet that has a keyboard. http://gdgt.com/asus/eee/pad/slider/ http://gdgt.com/asus/eee/pad/transformer/ http://www.tweaktown.com/news/18311/asus_eee_pad_slider_transformer_tablets_with_physical_keyboard/index.html I know both are similar, but not sure what one I should get. The Slider seems very nice but again the keyboard is fixed to the tablet unlike the Transformer. P.S: I'm going to use one of the above to showcase my programming work at school, as well as just being used as a cheaper notebook than the $300 Windows.7 locked down notebooks. By Locked down, I mean we pay $300 for them and after 3 years we can do what ever to them, they are Lenovo thinkpad mini-10 and What they have installed is all you get, they don't let us install what ever OS on them. And with the question on both of those links, I think that the transformer would be better but that is only taking in the fact of it being both a tablet and a notebook. What I really care about is power; which one is more powerful? It will be running kFreeBSD-Debian-Squeeze with Linux-Mint theme with several other packages. Though I'm not going to run Windows (which I feel is bloated), I still want power. To help keep my computer from slowing down with cache, I will have a cron.d/hourly script cleaning out the cache memory.

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  • Keepalived for more than 20 virtual addresses

    - by cvaldemar
    I have set up keepalived on two Debian machines for high availability, but I've run into the maximum number of virtual IP's I can assign to my vrrp_instance. How would I go about configuring and failing over 20+ virtual IP's? This is the, very simple, setup: LB01: 10.200.85.1 LB02: 10.200.85.2 Virtual IPs: 10.200.85.100 - 10.200.85.200 Each machine is also running Apache (later Nginx) binding on the virtual IPs for SSL client certificate termination and proxying to backend webservers. The reason I need so many VIP's is the inability to use VirtualHost on HTTPS. This is my keepalived.conf: vrrp_script chk_apache2 { script "killall -0 apache2" interval 2 weight 2 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { interface eth0 state MASTER virtual_router_id 51 priority 101 virtual_ipaddress { 10.200.85.100 . . all the way to . 10.200.85.200 } An identical configuration is on the BACKUP machine, and it's working fine, but only up to the 20th IP. I have found a HOWTO discussing this problem. Basically, they suggest having just one VIP and routing all traffic "via" this one IP, and "all will be well". Is this a good approach? I'm running pfSense firewalls in front of the machines. Quote from the above link: ip route add $VNET/N via $VIP or route add $VNET netmask w.x.y.z gw $VIP Thanks in advance. EDIT: @David Schwartz said it would make sense to add a route, so I tried adding a static route to the pfSense firewall, but that didn't work as I expected it would. pfSense route: Interface: LAN Destination network: 10.200.85.200/32 (virtual IP) Gateway: 10.200.85.100 (floating virtual IP) Description: Route to VIP .100 I also made sure I had packet forwarding enabled on my hosts: $ cat /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1 Am I doing this wrong? I also removed all VIPs from the keepalived.conf so it only fails over 10.200.85.100.

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  • Malicious content on server - next steps advice [closed]

    - by Under435
    Possible Duplicate: My server's been hacked EMERGENCY I just got an e-mail from my hosting company that they got a report of malicious content being hosted on my vps. I was unaware of this and started looking into it. I discovered a file called /var/www/mysite.com/osc.htm. Soon after I discovered some weird php files wp-includes.php and ndlist.php both recognized as being PHP/WebShell.A.1 virus. I removed all these files but I'm unsure of what to do next. Can anyone help me analyze the output below of sudo netstat -A inet -p -e and give advice on what's best to do next. Thanks very much in advance Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State User Inode PID/Program name tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:mysql localhost.localdo:37495 TIME_WAIT root 0 - tcp 0 1 mysite.com:50524 xnacreators.net:smtp SYN_SENT Debian-exim 69746 25848/exim4 tcp 0 0 mysite.com:www tha165.thehealtha:37065 TIME_WAIT root 0 - tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:37494 localhost.localdo:mysql TIME_WAIT root 0 - udp 0 0 mysite.com:59447 merlin.ensma.fr:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 3769 2522/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:36432 beast.syus.org:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 4357 2523/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:48212 formularfetischiste:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 3768 2522/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:46690 formularfetischiste:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 4354 2523/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:35009 stratum-2-core-a.qu:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 4356 2523/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:58702 stratum-2-core-a.qu:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 3770 2522/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:49583 merlin.ensma.fr:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 4355 2523/ntpd udp 0 0 mysite.com:56290 beast.syus.org:ntp ESTABLISHED ntpd 3771 2522/ntpd

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  • NFS confusion - writing many small files

    - by Antonis Christofides
    I have a Debian squeeze amd64 which is at the same time a NFS4 server and client (it mounts itself through NFS4). The local directory that leads directly to disk is /nfs4exports/mydir, whereas /nfs4mounts/mydir is the same thing mounted through NFS, using the machine's external IP address. Here is the line from fstab: 176.9.116.102:/mydir /nfs4mounts/mydir nfs4 soft 0 0 I have an application that writes many small files. If I write directly to /nfs4exports/mydir, it writes thousands of files per second; but if I write to /nfs4mounts/mydir, it writes 4 files per second or so. I can greatly increase speed if I add async to /etc/exports. (Writing a single large file to the NFS directory goes at more than 100 MB/s.) I am confused by the description of async in NFS. If my application accesses the local directory, system calls like write and close return even if caches have not been flushed to permanent storage. Apparently this is not true with NFS sync behaviour. However, with NFS async behaviour, even calls like fsync are ignored. Isn't it possible to work like local files, i.e. generally work asynchronously, but honour fsync and O_SYNC?

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  • PHP Causing Segmentation Fault & Apache Blank Response

    - by Joe
    I recently updated a Debian Lenny server to php 5.3,5 using the dotdeb source. Soon after doing so certain (but not all) sites on the server stopped responding to requests. A blank response would be returned - no headers, no content, nothing. I found this related question on stackoverflow which seems to describe something similar and used the same code the user had in their answer to see if I could replicate the issue: <?php class A { public function __construct() { new B; } } class B { public function __construct() { new A; } } new A; print 'Loaded Class A'; ?> This triggered the problem - the page returned absolutely nothing despite the original question stating this was fixed in PHP 5.5.0. No CPU block as you'd expect, no wait, just an almost instant zero response. I then ran this same code from the cli (php -f test.php) and the only output I got was 'Segmentation fault'. Tailing the kernel log I've spotted: Feb 16 07:04:06 creature kernel: [192203.269037] php[17710] general protection ip:76ef37 sp:7fff155e9bb0 error:0 in php5[400000+870000] Feb 16 08:57:31 creature kernel: [199639.699854] apache2[31136]: segfault at 7fff13a84fe0 ip 7f730514ea40 sp 7fff13a85008 error 6 in libphp5.so[7f7304ce8000+915000] All extremely odd and I'm not sure what it's pointing to/what I should do to debug this further. As I said some sites work but code such as the above definitely trigger it. Not that the sites I want to server have code like that - it's just an example. Any help is much appreciated!

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  • What can cause kernel out_of_memory error?

    - by nbolton
    I'm running Debian GNU/Linux 5.0 and I'm experiencing intermittent out_of_memory errors coming from the kernel. The server stops responding to all but pings, and I have to reboot the server. # uname -a Linux xxx 2.6.18-164.9.1.el5xen #1 SMP Tue Dec 15 21:31:37 EST 2009 x86_64 GNU/Linux This seems to be the important bit from /var/log/messages Dec 28 20:16:25 slarti kernel: Call Trace: Dec 28 20:16:25 slarti kernel: [<ffffffff802bedff>] out_of_memory+0x8b/0x203 Dec 28 20:16:25 slarti kernel: [<ffffffff8020f825>] __alloc_pages+0x245/0x2ce Dec 28 20:16:25 slarti kernel: [<ffffffff8021377f>] __do_page_cache_readahead+0xc6/0x1ab Dec 28 20:16:25 slarti kernel: [<ffffffff80214015>] filemap_nopage+0x14c/0x360 Dec 28 20:16:25 slarti kernel: [<ffffffff80208ebc>] __handle_mm_fault+0x443/0x1337 Dec 28 20:16:25 slarti kernel: [<ffffffff8026766a>] do_page_fault+0xf7b/0x12e0 Dec 28 20:16:25 slarti kernel: [<ffffffff8026ef17>] monotonic_clock+0x35/0x7b Dec 28 20:16:25 slarti kernel: [<ffffffff80262da3>] thread_return+0x6c/0x113 Dec 28 20:16:25 slarti kernel: [<ffffffff8021afef>] remove_vma+0x4c/0x53 Dec 28 20:16:25 slarti kernel: [<ffffffff80264901>] _spin_lock_irqsave+0x9/0x14 Dec 28 20:16:25 slarti kernel: [<ffffffff8026082b>] error_exit+0x0/0x6e Full snippet here: http://pastebin.com/a7eWf7VZ I thought that perhaps the server was actually running out of memory (it has 1GB physical memory), but my Cacti memory graph looks OK to me... But strangely the load graph goes through the roof shortly before the kernel crashes: What logs can I look at for more info? Update: Maybe noteworthy - the CPU percentage and network traffic graphs were both normal at the time of the crash. The only abnormality was the average load graph.

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  • Setting up MySQL Linux slave with a Windows master

    - by philwilks
    I'm running a MySQL 5.0 database server on Windows Server 2008. The total size of the database is about 1Gb. I make daily backups, but I'd like to step up to having a slave server for extra protection. My thinking was that I wouldn't need the expense of a Windows machine to do this, and a Linux "cloud server" from RackSpace would do the job well for quite a low cost. However I have little experience with Linux, so I have a few questions... Does this sound like a good idea? Is there anything wrong with linking Windows and Linux MySQL servers? Does Linux have the equivalent of Remote Desktop Connection? If so can I use this from a Windows machine? Would a particular Linux distro be well suited to this task? RackSpace offer ArchLinux, CentOS, Debian, Fedora and Ubuntu. My immediate thinking is to go with Ubuntu as I've heard it's more friendly for people coming from a Windows background. Any comments you have would be very appreciated! Phil

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  • Looking for a "light" compositing manager for GNOME

    - by detly
    I have an HP Pavilion DM3 (graphics is nVidia GeForce G105M), running Debian Squeeze with GNOME 2.30. My preference for DE is Gnome + Metacity + Nautilus. I'd like to use Docky, but it requires compositing. So I'm looking for a relatively "light" compositing manager. I realise that "light" is ambiguous, but I basically want something that won't chew through my notebook's batteries because of CPU or GPU usage. I know that Metacity is capable of compositing, but as far as I'm aware it's still testing. Some people report that it's smooth and lightweight, others claim that it eats up processor time. I've also seen references to a problem with nVidia, but no actual details. I'm not averse to Compiz, but I haven't used it before and I don't know what to expect in terms of "weight." And maybe there's something else I haven't heard of. So can anyone recommend anything? Or dispel my idea that Metacity is not the right tool for the job? (Originally posted on GNOME forums.)

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  • Tomcat OutOfMemory after switching JVM

    - by Mathias
    I have a Tomcat6 server running on Debian squeeze there are 4 webapps running on it, and an in-JVM ActiveMQ server. It has been running for about a year with the same memorysettings, with openjdk-6. Everything has worked dandy, no issues at all. Now, for various reasons, i need to try out Sun's JDK. So, I installed sun's jvm with standard apt-get apt-get install sun-java6-bin , and switched using update-java-alternatives -s java-6-sun However, when i start tomcat, i get outofmemory, the server won't even start! If i switch back to openJDK, all works fine again. I haven't had any memory issues on this server before, so it feels strange that the server suddenly won't start with sun's JDK. Anybody have any clue as to why this might happen? Have i missed something? I naturally have set heap sizes etc. in tomcat. Currently running with: -Xms256m -Xmx1024m Which as mentioned works in openSDK, outofmemory in sun-jdk... EDIT: server is 64-bit, openJDK and Sun are 1.6.0, both 64-bit JVMs.

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  • Exim: send every emails with a predefined sender

    - by Gregory MOUSSAT
    We use Exim on our servers to send emails only from local automated users, as root, cron, etc. We have to specify every possible users into /etc/email-addresses. For example: root: [email protected] cron: [email protected] backup: [email protected] This allow us te receive every email generated. The problem is when we add a user for whatever reason (for example when we add a package, some add a user), we can forget to add this user to /etc/email-addresses. Most of the time it's not a problem, but this is not clean. And the overall method is not clean. We'd like to configure Exim to send every emails with the same source address. i.e. every sent email comes from [email protected] One way could be to use a wildcard or a regular expression into /etc/email-addresses but this is not supported. I don't currently understand Exim enought to figure out how to modify this in a way or another. Ideally, Exim should look into /etc/email-addresses first, and if no match it use the predefined address. But this is very secondary. There are two places where this address is used: 1. when Exim send the FROM: command to the smtp server 2. inside the header edit: The rewrite section is the original one from Debian begin rewrite .ifndef NO_EAA_REWRITE_REWRITE *@+local_domains "${lookup{${local_part}}lsearch{/etc/email-addresses} \ {$value}fail}" Ffrs *@ETC_MAILNAME "${lookup{${local_part}}lsearch{/etc/email-addresses} \ {$value}fail}" Ffrs .endif (comments removed)

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  • MySQL consuming all system memory on INSERT ... SELECT

    - by siete
    The mysql daemon is getting killed because Linux is reaching out of memory: Oct 24 07:41:23 <hostname> kernel: [82297.673701] Out of memory: kill process 13816 (mysqld) score 1839626 or a child There is a link with some workaround on this. That only happen when executing a query INSERT ... SELECT with a very huge resulset. MySQLTuner script displays that maximum theorical memory is less than 8GB, but top and munim shows that is getting over all RAM and swap available: [--] Total buffers: 560.0M global + 72.2M per thread (100 max threads) [OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 7.6G (43% of installed RAM) I'm tried to tune some options with not results, there are the relevant ones: skip-locking max_connections = 100 key_buffer_size = 512M max_allowed_packet = 32M table_open_cache = 2000 open_files_limit = 3000 sort_buffer_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 16M read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M thread_cache_size = 4 query_cache_size = 16M query_cache_limit = 2M thread_concurrency = 4 join_buffer_size = 32M tmp_table_size = 32M max_heap_table_size = 32M query_cache_limit = 8M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 50GB myisam_mmap_size = 10GB And there is a system resume: OS: Linux Debian "Squeeze" 6.0.8 (upgraded yesterday) RAM: 18GB Swap: 18GB MySQL: 5.1.72-2 (official Debain release) At this moment, update or change OS or MySQL version is not possible, there is any option that can help and i missed? Sorry by my english, and thank you in advance! Edit: I'm only using MyISAM tables, and cannot change to InnoDB.

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  • Postfix message ID originating process?

    - by Anders Braüner Nielsen
    Last night my postfix mail server(Debian Squeeze with dovecot, roundcube, opendkim and spamassassin enabled) started sending out spam from a single domain of mine like these: $cat mail.log|grep D6930B76EA9 Jul 31 23:50:09 myserver postfix/pickup[28675]: D6930B76EA9: uid=65534 from=<[email protected]> Jul 31 23:50:09 myserver postfix/cleanup[27889]: D6930B76EA9: message-id=<[email protected]> Jul 31 23:50:09 myserver postfix/qmgr[7018]: D6930B76EA9: from=<[email protected]>, size=957, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jul 31 23:50:09 myserver postfix/error[7819]: D6930B76EA9: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=0.03, delays=0.02/0/0/0, dsn=4.4.2, status=deferred (delivery temporarily suspended: lost connection with mta5.am0.yahoodns.net[66.196.118.33] while sending RCPT TO) The domain in question did not have any accounts enabled but only a catchall alias set through postfixadmin - most emails were send from a specific address I use frequently but some were also sent from bogus addresses. None of the other virtual domains handled by postfix were affected. How can I find out what process was feeding postfix/sendmail or more info on where they originated? As far as I can tell php mail() wasn't used and I've run several open relay tests. I did a little tinkering(removed winbind from the server and ipv6 addresses from main.cf) after the attack and it seems to have subsided but I still have no idea how my server was suddenly sending out spam. Maybe I fixed it - maybe I didn't. Can anyone help figuring out how I was compromised? Anywhere else I should look? I've run Linux Malware Detect on recently changed files but nothing found.

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  • Most scalable way of serving a small set of static HTTP content

    - by Ekevoo
    The story: Hi guys. I'm among the people responsible for serving the results of the most anticipated (by number of people participating) annual entrance exam in my state. As such, when our results are published, the interest is overwhelming. In the past we delegated the responsibility of serving the results to the media, but that spoils a little the officialness of these results. This year we went with a little (long overdue) experiment of using lighttpd instead of Apache as well as other physical network optimizations I wasn't directly involved with. The results were very satisfactory. The server didn't choke even once, nor we saw any of the usual Twitter complaints on unavailability and/or slowness that were previously common. However, because we still delegated the first publication of the results to the media I'm still not 100% sure we can handle the load of actually publishing the results first. The question: Now because these files are like 14MB in total and a true lightweight Linux distribution isn't that big either, I'm thinking: what if next year we run full RAMdrive? Is there any? Is that useful? Is that worth it for a team that uses Debian almost exclusively? Are there other optimizations that I should be focusing on instead?

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  • iptables configuration under ubuntu

    - by aioobe
    I'm following a tutorial on setting up a dns-tunnel. I've run into the following instruction: Now you need to enable forwarding on this server. I use iptables to implement masquerading. There are many HOWTOs about this (a simple one, for example). On Debian, the configuration file for iptables is in /var/lib/iptables/active. The relevant bit is: *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [6:1596] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [1:76] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [1:76] -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/8 -j MASQUERADE COMMIT Restart iptables: /etc/init.d/iptables restart The problem is that I don't have any /var/lib/iptables/active. (I'm on ubuntu.) How can I accomplish this? I suspect that I should just interact with the iptables command somehow but I have no clue what to write. Best would probably be if I could put the commands in a script somehow I suppose. (A side-note. If I execute a few iptables-commands it wont be there for ever, right? The rules will be discarded on reboot?)

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  • OpenVZ vs KVM for Linux VMs

    - by Eliasdx
    Hardware: Intel® Core™ i7-920, 12 GB DDR3 RAM, 2 x 1500 GB SATA-II HDD (no SoftRaid because Proxmox developers don't support softraid and they are sure you'll run into problems) Software: Proxmox VE with KVM and OpenVZ support and debian everywhere I want to run multiple Linux VMs on this server. One for a firewall (I want to try pfSense), one for MySQL, one VM for nginx (my stuff) and ~2 VMs with nginx for other people's web sites. I don't think that pfSense will run in an OpenVZ environment but it should run in KVM. The question is if I should setup the other VMs using KVM or OpenVZ. In OpenVZ they should have less overhead for the OS itself but I don't know about the performance. I heard that KVM is more stable but needs more RAM and CPU. I found this diagram showing a OpenVZ setup on the same hardware I'm using. This guy uses an own VM for each and every website which is running on his server. I can't think of any advantage why he's using so many VMs.

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