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  • Code-Golf: Friendly Number Abbreviator

    - by David Murdoch
    Based on this question: Is there a way to round numbers into a friendly format? THE CHALLENGE - UPDATED! (removed hundreds abbreviation from spec) The shortest code by character count that will abbreviate an integer (no decimals). Code should include the full program. Relevant range is from 0 - 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 (the upper limit for signed 64 bit integer). The number of decimal places for abbreviation will be positive. You will not need to calculate the following: 920535 abbreviated -1 place (which would be something like 0.920535M). Numbers in the tens and hundreds place (0-999) should never be abbreviated (the abbreviation for the number 57 to 1+ decimal places is 5.7dk - it is unneccessary and not friendly). Remember to round half away from zero (23.5 gets rounded to 24). Banker's rounding is verboten. Here are the relevant number abbreviations: h = hundred (102) k = thousand (103) M = million (106) G = billion (109) T = trillion (1012) P = quadrillion (1015) E = quintillion (1018) SAMPLE INPUTS/OUTPUTS (inputs can be passed as separate arguments): First argument will be the integer to abbreviate. The second is the number of decimal places. 12 1 => 12 // tens and hundreds places are never rounded 1500 2 => 1.5k 1500 0 => 2k // look, ma! I round UP at .5 0 2 => 0 1234 0 => 1k 34567 2 => 34.57k 918395 1 => 918.4k 2134124 2 => 2.13M 47475782130 2 => 47.48G 9223372036854775807 3 => 9.223E // ect... . . . Original answer from related question (javascript, does not follow spec): function abbrNum(number, decPlaces) { // 2 decimal places => 100, 3 => 1000, etc decPlaces = Math.pow(10,decPlaces); // Enumerate number abbreviations var abbrev = [ "k", "m", "b", "t" ]; // Go through the array backwards, so we do the largest first for (var i=abbrev.length-1; i>=0; i--) { // Convert array index to "1000", "1000000", etc var size = Math.pow(10,(i+1)*3); // If the number is bigger or equal do the abbreviation if(size <= number) { // Here, we multiply by decPlaces, round, and then divide by decPlaces. // This gives us nice rounding to a particular decimal place. number = Math.round(number*decPlaces/size)/decPlaces; // Add the letter for the abbreviation number += abbrev[i]; // We are done... stop break; } } return number; }

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  • An Ideal Keyboard Layout for Programming

    - by Jon Purdy
    I often hear complaints that programming languages that make heavy use of symbols for brevity, most notably C and C++ (I'm not going to touch APL), are difficult to type because they require frequent use of the shift key. A year or two ago, I got tired of it myself, downloaded Microsoft's Keyboard Layout Creator, made a few changes to my layout, and have not once looked back. The speed difference is astounding; with these few simple changes I am able to type C++ code around 30% faster, depending of course on how hairy it is; best of all, my typing speed in ordinary running text is not compromised. My questions are these: what alternate keyboard layouts have existed for programming, which have gained popularity, are any of them still in modern use, do you personally use any altered layout, and how can my layout be further optimised? I made the following changes to a standard QWERTY layout. (I don't use Dvorak, but there is a programmer Dvorak layout worth mentioning.) Swap numbers with symbols in the top row, because long or repeated literal numbers are typically replaced with named constants; Swap backquote with tilde, because backquotes are rare in many languages but destructors are common in C++; Swap minus with underscore, because underscores are common in identifiers; Swap curly braces with square brackets, because blocks are more common than subscripts; and Swap double quote with single quote, because strings are more common than character literals. I suspect this last is probably going to be the most controversial, as it interferes the most with running text by requiring use of shift to type common contractions. This layout has significantly increased my typing speed in C++, C, Java, and Perl, and somewhat increased it in LISP and Python.

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  • Linq to Entities, checking for specific foreign key id?

    - by AaronLS
    I am trying to get rows where the foreign key ParentID == 0, and this is what I am trying but I get a NotSupportedException because it can't translate the ArrayIndex [0]: IQueryable<ApplicationSectionNode> topLevelNodeQuery = from n in uacEntitiesContext.ApplicationSectionNodeSet where (int)n.Parent.EntityKey.EntityKeyValues[0].Value == 0 orderby n.Sequence select n; So I need to pull that ArrayIndex out of the query so that the runtime can successfully translate the query. I'm not sure how to do that though. How does one query a specific object via it's primary key or set of objects via foreign key? Edit: Note that there is not actually a row in the table with NodeId == 0, the 0 is a magic value(not my idea) to indicate top level nodes. So I can't do n.Parent.NodeId == 0

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  • The Definitive Guide To Website Authentication (beta)

    - by Michiel de Mare
    Form Based Authentication For Websites Please help us create the definitive resource for this topic. We believe that stackoverflow should not just be a resource for very specific technical questions, but also for general guidelines on how to solve variations on common problems. "Form Based Authentication For Websites" should be a fine topic for such an experiment. It should include topics such as: how to log in how to remain logged in how to store passwords using secret questions forgotten password functionality OpenID "Remember me" checkbox Browser autocompletion of usernames and passwords secret urls (public urls protected by digest) checking password strength email validation and much more It should not include things like: roles and authorization http basic authentication Please help us by Suggesting subtopics Submitting good articles about this subject Editing the official answer (as soon as you have enough karma) UPDATE: See the terrific 7-part series by Jens Roland below.

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  • Technical choices in unmarshaling hash-consed data

    - by Pascal Cuoq
    There seems to be quite a bit of folklore knowledge floating about in restricted circles about the pitfalls of hash-consing combined with marshaling-unmarshaling of data. I am looking for citable references to these tidbits. For instance, someone once pointed me to library aterm and mentioned that the authors had clearly thought about this and that the representation on disk was bottom-up (children of a node come before the node itself in the data stream). This is indeed the right way to do things when you need to re-share each node (with a possible identical node already in memory). This re-sharing pass needs to be done bottom-up, so the unmarshaling itself might as well be, too, so that it's possible to do everything in a single pass. I am in the process of describing difficulties encountered in our own context, and the solutions we found. I would appreciate any citable reference to the kind of aforementioned folklore knowledge. Some people obviously have encountered the problems before (the aterm library is only one example). But I didn't find anything in writing. Even the little piece of information I have about aterm is hear-say. I am not worried it's not reliable (you can't make this up), but "personal communication" and "look how it's done in the source code" are considered poor form in citations. I have enough references on hash-consing alone. I am only interested in references where it interferes with other aspects of programming, such as marshaling or distribution.

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  • C#: How to inherit constructors?

    - by Ian Boyd
    Imagine a base class with many constructors and a virtual method public class Foo { ... public Foo() {...} public Foo(int i) {...} ... public virtual void SomethingElse() {...} ... } and now I want to create a descendant class that overrides the virtual method: public class Bar : Foo { public override void SomethingElse() {...} } And another descendant that does some more stuff: public class Bah : Bar { public void DoMoreStuff() {...} } Do I really have to copy all constructors from Foo into Bar and Bah? And then if I change a constructor signature in Foo, do I have to update it in Bar and Bah? Is there no way to inherit constructors? Is there no way to encourage code reuse?

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  • Do you ever feel confident in your skills?

    - by Gary Willoughby
    As a self taught developer i always find myself questioning my skill and knowledge and always feel like i am falling behind in using new technology. Over a period of nearly 9 years i've studied most mainstream languages (especially C based ones), used lots of different OSes, read and absorbed many books and even written one myself. But i still feel i'm usless! Do professional developers ever get to the stage where they feel confident that they know what they are doing and are confident when submitting solutions/code? When do you know you're good enough?

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  • What is the purpose of Java's unary plus operator?

    - by Syntactic
    Java's unary plus operator appears to have come over from C, via C++. As near as I can tell, it has the following effects: promotes its operand to int, if it's not already an int or wider unboxes its operand, if it's a wrapper object complicates slightly the parsing of evil expressions containing large numbers of consecutive plus signs It seems to me that there are better (or, at least, clearer) ways to do all of these things. In this SO question, concerning the counterpart operator in C#, someone said that "It's there to be overloaded if you feel the need." But in Java, one cannot overload any operator. So does this operator exist in Java just because it existed in C++?

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  • A two way minimum spanning tree of a directed graph

    - by mvid
    Given a directed graph with weighted edges, what algorithm can be used to give a sub-graph that has minimum weight, but allows movement from any vertex to any other vertex in the graph (under the assumption that paths between any two vertices always exist). Does such an algorithm exist?

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  • How to notice unusual news activity

    - by ??iu
    Suppose you were able keep track of the news mentions of different entities, like say "Steve Jobs" and "Steve Ballmer". What are ways that could you tell whether the amount of mentions per entity per a given time period was unusual relative to their normal degree of frequency of appearance? I imagine that for a more popular person like Steve Jobs an increase of like 50% might be unusual (an increase of 1000 to 1500), while for a relatively unknown CEO an increase of 1000% for a given day could be possible (an increase of 2 to 200). If you didn't have a way of scaling that your unusualness index could be dominated by unheard-ofs getting their 15 minutes of fame.

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  • What does 'foo' really mean?

    - by Prakash
    I hope this qualifies as a programming question, as in any programming tutorial, you eventually come across 'foo' in the code examples. (yeah, right?) what does 'foo' really mean? If it is meant to mean nothing, when did it begin to be used so? Cheers

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  • How should i organize authority code?

    - by acidzombie24
    I have users that fall into the following Not logged in Not Verified Verified Moderator Admin All code that only admin and moderators can access (like banning) is in ModeratorUser which inherits from verified which inherits from BaseUser. Some pages are accessible to all users such as public profiles. If a user is logged in he can leave a comment. To check this i use if (IsVerifiedUser). Now here is the problem. To avoid problems if a user is banned he is not recognized as a verified user. However in the rare case i need to know if he is verified i can use usertype & Verified. Should i not be doing this? I have a bunch of code in my VerifiedUser class and find i am moving tons of it to BaseUser. Is this something i help because a not logged in user can access the page? Should i handle the ban user in a different way and allow IsVerifiedUser to be true even if the user is banned?

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  • What features would you like to see added to C++?

    - by George Edison
    Are there any features you would like to see added to C++? Maybe... A programming construct An extra operator A built-in function you think would be useful I realize questions like this are frowned upon, but I think this one is a genuine programming question that can be answered and the answers will spawn valuable discussion. (And it's community wiki.) Here is one of mine: How come C++ has no exponent operator, like Python's **?

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  • Where do you start your design - code, UI, workflow or whatever?

    - by Mmarquee
    Hi I was discussing this at work, and was wondering where people start their designs? We tend to start with designing code to solve the problem presented to us, but that is probably all of us are (or were) programmers. I was wondering where other people and organisations start their design. Do they start with solving the problem as a coding problem, sit down and design what UI to use, or map out the data or workflow? Thanks

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  • What's the best example of pure show-off code you've seen?

    - by Damovisa
    Let's face it, programmers can be show-offs. I've seen a lot of code that was only done a particular way to prove how smart the person who wrote it was. What's the best example of pure show-off code you've seen (or been responsible for) in your time? For me, it'd have to be the guy who wrote FizzBuzz in one line on a whiteboard during a programming interview. Not really that impressive in the scheme of things, but completely unnecessary and pure, "look-what-I-can-do". I've lost the original code, but I think it was something like this (linebreaks for readability): Enumerable.Range(1,100).ToList().ForEach( n => Console.WriteLine( (n%3==0) ? (n%5==0) ? "FizzBuzz" : "Fizz" : (n%5==0) ? "Buzz" : n ) );

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  • What are the lesser known but cool data structures ?

    - by f3lix
    There a some data structures around that are really cool but are unknown to most programmers. Which are they? Everybody knows linked lists, binary trees, and hashes, but what about Skip lists, Bloom filters for example. I would like to know more data structures that are not so common, but are worth knowing because they rely on great ideas and enrich a programmer's tool box. PS: I am also interested on techniques like Dancing links which make interesting use of the properties of a common data structure. EDIT: Please try to include links to pages describing the data structures in more detail. Also, try to add a couple of words on why a data structures is cool (as Jonas Kölker already pointed out). Also, try to provide one data-structure per answer. This will allow the better data structures to float to the top based on their votes alone.

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  • Formula needed: Sort Array

    - by aw
    I have the following array: a = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16] I use it for some visual stuff like this: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Now I want to sort the array like this: 1 3 6 10 2 5 9 13 4 8 12 15 7 11 14 16 //So the original array should look like this: a = [1,5,2,9,6,3,13,10,7,4,14,11,8,15,12,16] Yeah, now I'm looking for a smart formula to do that ticker = 0; originalArray = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16] newArray = []; while(ticker < originalArray.length) { //do the magic here ticker++; }

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  • Explaining NULL and Empty to your 6-year old?

    - by Atomiton
    I'm thinking in terms of Objects here. I think it's important to simplify ideas. If you can explain this to a 6-year old, you can teach new programmers the difference. I'm thinking that a cookie object would be apropos: public class Cookie { public string flavor {get; set; } public int numberOfCrumbs { get; set; } }

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  • Does this data structure have a name? Sort of a "linked matrix"?

    - by Bob
    Let's say I wanted similar functionality to a doubly linked list but needed a matrix instead so that each node was structured like this: public class Node { Node Up, Down, Left, Right; object Value; } Is there a name for such a structure? I've looked through this Wikipedia listing of data structures but didn't see anything similar. Unless I just missed it.

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  • Nested class with hidden constructor impossible in c#?

    - by luckyluke
    I' ve been doing some programming lately and faced an issue which i found weird in c#. (at least for me) public class Foo { //whatever public class FooSpecificCollection : List<Bar> { //implementation details } public FooSpecificCollection GetFoosStuff() { //return the collection } } I want the consumer of Foo to be able to obtain a reference to FooSpecificCollection, even perform some operations on it. Maybe even set it to some other property of Foo or smth like that, but not To be able to CREATE an instance of this class. (the only class that should be able to instatiate this collection should be Foo. Is my request really that far-fetched? I know that people way smarter defined c# but shouldn't there be such an option that a parent class can create a nested class instance but nobody else can't. So far I created a solution to make an abstract class, or interface available through the property and implement a concrete private class that is not available anywhere else. Is this a correct way to handle such a situation.?

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