The following program is essentially the same the one described here. When I run and compile the program using two threads (NTHREADS == 2), I get the following run times:
real 0m14.120s
user 0m25.570s
sys 0m0.050s
When it is run with just one thread (NTHREADS == 1), I get run times significantly better even though it is only using one core.
real 0m4.705s
user 0m4.660s
sys 0m0.010s
My system is dual core, and I know random_r is thread safe and I am pretty sure it is non-blocking. When the same program is run without random_r and a calculation of cosines and sines is used as a replacement, the dual-threaded
version runs in about 1/2 the time as expected.
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define NTHREADS 2
#define PRNG_BUFSZ 8
#define ITERATIONS 1000000000
void* thread_run(void* arg) {
int r1, i, totalIterations = ITERATIONS / NTHREADS;
for (i = 0; i < totalIterations; i++){
random_r((struct random_data*)arg, &r1);
}
printf("%i\n", r1);
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
struct random_data* rand_states = (struct random_data*)calloc(NTHREADS, sizeof(struct random_data));
char* rand_statebufs = (char*)calloc(NTHREADS, PRNG_BUFSZ);
pthread_t* thread_ids;
int t = 0;
thread_ids = (pthread_t*)calloc(NTHREADS, sizeof(pthread_t));
/* create threads */
for (t = 0; t < NTHREADS; t++) {
initstate_r(random(), &rand_statebufs[t], PRNG_BUFSZ, &rand_states[t]);
pthread_create(&thread_ids[t], NULL, &thread_run, &rand_states[t]);
}
for (t = 0; t < NTHREADS; t++) {
pthread_join(thread_ids[t], NULL);
}
free(thread_ids);
free(rand_states);
free(rand_statebufs);
}
I am confused why when generating random numbers the two threaded
version performs much worse than the single threaded
version, considering random_r is meant to be used in multi-threaded applications.
