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• Does Windows 8 include the Windows Help program (WinHlp32.exe)?

  - by amiregelz

  In 2011, Symantec reported on the use of the Windows Help File (.hlp) extension as an attack vector in targeted attacks. The functionality of the help file permits a call to the Windows API which, in turn, permits shell code execution and the installation of malicious payload files. This functionality is not an exploit, but there by design. Here's the malicious WinHelp files (Bloodhound.HLP.1 & Bloodhound.HLP.2) detection heat map: I would like to know if the Windows Help program exists on my Windows 8 machine by default, because if it does I might need to remove it for security reasons. Does Windows 8 include the Windows Help program (WinHlp32.exe)?

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• How to secure a VM while allowing customer RDS (or equivalent) access to its desktop

  - by ChrisA

  We have a Windows Client/(SQL-)Server application which is normally installed at the customer's premises. We now need to provide a hosted solution, and browser-based isn't feasible in the short term. We're considering hosting the database ourselves, and also hosting the client in a VM. We can set all this up easily enough, so we need to: ensure that the customer can connect easily, and also ensure that we suitably restrict access to the VM (and its host, of course) We already access the host and guest machines across the internet via RDS, but we restrict access to it to only our own internal, very small, set of static IPs, and of course theres the 2 (or 3?)-user limit on RDS connections to a remote server. So I'd greatly appreciate ideas on how to manage: the security the multi-user aspect. We're hoping to be able to do this initially without a large investment in virtualisation infrastructure - it would be one customer only to start with, with perhaps two remote users. Thanks!

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• Is disabling password login for SSH the same as deleting the password for all users?

  - by Arsham Skrenes

  I have a cloud server with only a root user. I SSH to it using RSA keys only. To make it more secure, I wanted to disable the password feature. I know that this can be done by editing the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file and changing PermitRootLogin yes to PermitRootLogin without-password. I was wondering if simply deleting the root password via passwd -d root would be the equivalent (assuming I do not create more users or new users have their passwords deleted too). Are there any security issues with one approach verses the other?

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• What does the red x icon mean next to a user in folder permissions (Windows 7)

  - by Scott Szretter

  In trying to debug various strange issues on a machine, I found something strange - when I go to C:\Users\administrator and get properties, security tab, it lists the users (the local admin account, system, and 'administrator' which is the domain administrator account). It all looks fine in terms of permissions (full control, etc.) compared to other machines. The one difference is there is a small red circle with an X to the left of the user icon/name. Additionally, there are various folders where it says access denied under there - for example, my documents! Even logged in as the local machine administrator account (which is not named administrator), I am unable to change the permissions - it says access denied. Any ideas what this means and how to fix it? I even tried re-joining the machine to the domain.

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• Access logs show someone "GET"ing a random ip, why does this return 200?

  - by Wilduck

  I have a small linux box set up with Apache as a way to teach myself Apache. I've set up port forwarding on my router so it's accessible from the outside world, and I've gotten a few strange requests for pages that don't exist from an ip address in China. Looking at my access_log shows that most of these return 404 errors, which I'm guessing is a good thing. However, there is one request that looks like this: 58.218.204.110 - - [25/Dec/2010:19:05:25 -600] "GET http://173.201.161.57/ HTTP/1.1" 200 3895 I'm curious what this request means... That ip address is unconnected to my server as far as I know, and visiting it simply tells me information about my uid. So, my questions are: How is it that this request is showing up in my access_log, why is it returning 200, and is this a bad thing (do I need to set up more security)?

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• Active Directoy GPO

  - by Phillip R.

  I am looking into some weird issues with active directory and group policy. This domain has been upgraded from windows NT and has a few different administrators over the years. I am looking through the Default Domain group policy and Default Domain Controller group policy. In the security areas and I will use the log on locally area as an example, it shows SIDes that begin with asterisks and are quite long they look sort of like the following *S-1-5-21-787626... Normally, when I see something like this I would think that the User account was no longer there and this was never cleaned up. Am I wrong in my assumption? Thanks in advance

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• How can I disallow a user's scripts from accessing anything above their user folder?

  - by Jaxo

  This is probably an extremely simple question to answer for anybody who knows what they're doing, but I can't find any answers myself. I'm trying to set up a subdirectory for my good friend to test his PHP scripts on my (Apache) hosting plan. I don't want to let him access anything else on my server, however, for obvious reasons. His FTP login already leads him to the proper directory, which does not allow navigating any higher than it's root (mydomain.com/friend/). I would like the same behavior to be applied to any scripts, so he cannot simply <?php print_r(glob("../*")); ?> and view all my files. I'm thinking this can be done with an .htaccess file setting the DocumentRoot somewhere, but I can't have the file available for modification inside the user directory. Is this possible without majorly rewiring the web server? I've tried Googling all sorts of things to describe my problem, but without the proper terminology, all I get is "shared hosting" websites and people trying to sell me security packages.

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• mod_security: How to allow ssh/http access for admin?

  - by mattesque

  I am going to be installing mod_security on my AWS EC2 Linux instance tonight and need a little help/reassurance. The only thing I am truly worried about right now is making sure my (admin) access to the instance and webserver is maintained w/o compromising security. I use ssh (port 22) and http (80) to access this and I've read horror stories from other EC2 users claiming they were locked out of their sites once they put up a firewall. So my question boils down to: What settings should I put in the mod_security conf file to make sure I can get in on those ports? IP at home is not static. (Hence the issue) Thanks so, so, so much.

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• ssh (openSSH) questions

  - by Camran

  I have ubuntu 9.10 server. Firstly, is OpenSSH the same as SSHD? Secondly, In the terminal when typing whereis sshd i get this: whereis sshd /usr/sbin/sshd Also when typing whereis openssh i get this: whereis openssh /usr/lib/openssh How do I know if I have openssh? Also, some tutorials online suggest opening sshd_config, so when typing this: whereis sshd_config /usr/share/man/man5/sshd_config.5.gz // I get this... What should I do, because as you have answered my other Q about security, you have pointed out that it is the way you configure your ssh and etc which is important. Is there any guide for this? How should I configure this? I will be the only user for this server btw... If you need more input let me know and I will update this Q. Thanks

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• ssh (openSSH) questions

  - by Camran

  I have ubuntu 9.10 server. Firstly, is OpenSSH the same as SSHD? Secondly, In the terminal when typing whereis sshd i get this: whereis sshd /usr/sbin/sshd Also when typing whereis openssh i get this: whereis openssh /usr/lib/openssh How do I know if I have openssh? Also, some tutorials online suggest opening sshd_config, so when typing this: whereis sshd_config /usr/share/man/man5/sshd_config.5.gz // I get this... What should I do, because as you have answered my other Q about security, you have pointed out that it is the way you configure your ssh and etc which is important. Is there any guide for this? How should I configure this? I will be the only user for this server btw... If you need more input let me know and I will update this Q. Thanks

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• cookieless sessions with ajax

  - by thezver

  ok, i know you get sick from this subject. me too :( I've been developing a quite "big application" with PHP & kohana framework past 2 years, somewhat-successfully using my framework's authentication mechanism. but within this time, and as the app grown, many concerning state-preservation issues arisen. main problems are that cookie-driven sessions: can't be used for web-service access ( at least it's really not nice to do so.. ) in many cases problematic with mobile access don't allow multiple simultaneous apps on same browser ( can be resolved by hard trickery, but still.. ) requires many configurations and mess to work 100% right, and that's without the --browser issues ( disabled cookies, old browsers bugs & vulnerabilities etc ) many other session flaws stated in this old thread : http://lists.nyphp.org/pipermail/talk/2006-December/020358.html After a really long research, and without any good library/on-hand-solution to feet my needs, i came up with a custom solution to majority of those problems . Basically, i'ts about emulating sessions with ajax calls, with additional security/performance measures: state preserved by interchanging SID(+hash) with client on ajax calls. state data saved in memcache(or equivalent), indexed by SID security achieved by: appending unpredictible hash to SID egenerating hash on each request & validating it validating fingerprint of client on each request ( referrer,os,browser etc) (*)condition: ajax calls are not simultaneous, to prevent race-condition with session token. (hopefully Ext-Direct solves that for me) From the first glance that supposed to be not-less-secure than equivalent cookie-driven implementation, and at the same time it's simple, maintainable, and resolves all the cookies flaws.. But i'm really concerned because i often hear the rule "don't try to implement custom security solutions". I will really appreciate any serious feedback about my method, and any alternatives. also, any tip about how to preserve state on page-refresh without cookies would be great :) but thats small technical prob. Sorry if i overlooked some similar post.. there are billions of them about sessions . Big thanks in advance ( and for reading until here ! ).

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• How to write an iphone application to control a device that exposes a telnet api

  - by MAC

  Hi! I have to write an iphone application that controls a device. This device exposes a telnet based interface. The application should ideally have user access control and customizability for each user. I was thinking of writing C++ classes that would communicate with the device using sockets. This functionality can then be exposed through web-services that can be called by the iphone application. However as i looked into it deeper, the api allows you to register for events using telnet and then you can receive notification when those events occur. That kinda put a spanner in the works for me. I for one dont know a "push" scenario can work with webservices. First off i have never programmed for the iphone so far. So i am not really sure what can be done. So i was thinking if instead of having a webserver to go through, why not have the application independently running on the iphone, directly communicating with the device using sockets. The question though is, is that possible and second i am thinking it would raise a security aspect. First we could control security as everything was going through our central server. Is there a way to handle security (in the sense who has access to the device) without having a central server. I am sorry that this seems like an unorganized post, but iam trying to brainstorm here. Looking forward to hear your opinions.

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• What is the WCF equivalent?

  - by klausbyskov

  I am trying to port some code that is based on WSE3.0 to WCF. Basically, the old code has the following configuration: <microsoft.web.services3> <diagnostics> <trace enabled="true" input="InputTrace.webinfo" output="OutputTrace.webinfo" /> </diagnostics> <tokenIssuer> <statefulSecurityContextToken enabled="false" /> </tokenIssuer> </microsoft.web.services3> When calling the same service through my "Service Reference" I get this error: Request does not contain required Security header My binding looks like this: <basicHttpBinding> <binding name="LegalUnitGetBinding" closeTimeout="00:01:00" openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00" allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard" maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536" messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered" useDefaultWebProxy="true"> <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384" maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" /> <security mode="Transport"> </security> </binding> </basicHttpBinding> From what I have understood, the service I'm calling only requires an SSL connection, since it receives a username and password as part of a request parameter. Any help or suggestions would be greatly appreciated.

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• Header Setup in SOAP with ASP.NET 3.5 WCF

  - by Adam

  I'm pretty new to SOAP so go easy on me. I'm trying to setup a SOAP service that accepts the following header format: <soap:Header> <wsse:Security> <wsse:UsernameToken wsu:Id='SecurityToken-securityToken'> <wsse:Username>Username</wsse:Username> <wsse:Password>Password</wsse:Password> <wsu:Created>Timestamp</wsu:Created> </wsse:UsernameToken> </wsse:Security> </soap:Header> The application I'm incorporating this service into is an ASP.NET 3.5 web application and I've already setup a SOAP endpoint using WCF. I've setup a basic service to make sure the WCF works and it works fine (disregarding the header). I heard that the above format follows WS-Security so I added WSHttpBinding in the web.config: <service name="Nexternal.Service.XMLTools.VNService" behaviorConfiguration="VNServiceBehavior"> <!--The first endpoint would be picked up from the confirg this shows how the config can be overriden with the service host--> <endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Nexternal.Service.XMLTools.IVNService"/> </service> I downloaded a test harness (soapUI) and pasted in a test message with the above header and it came back with a 400 Bad Request error. ...for what it's worth, I'm running Visual Studio 2008 using IIS7. I feel like I'm going in circles so any help would be awesome. Thanks in advance.

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• Unable to initialize provider. Missing or incorrect schema. for MySql.Web connector

  - by Jreeter

  Hey guys and gals running into a little issue here.. I'm trying to use MySql Connector 6.2.2.0 for membership and role providers.. The issue I'm having is: Unable to initialize provider. Missing or incorrect schema. <authentication mode="Forms"/> <roleManager defaultProvider="MySqlRoleProvider" enabled="true" cacheRolesInCookie="true" cookieName=".ASPROLES" cookieTimeout="30" cookiePath="/" cookieRequireSSL="false" cookieSlidingExpiration="true" cookieProtection="All" > <providers> <clear /> <add name="MySqlRoleProvider" type="MySql.Web.Security.MySQLRoleProvider, MySql.Web, Version=6.2.2.0,Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" connectionStringName="mySQL" applicationName="capcafe" writeExceptionsToEventLog="true" /> </providers> </roleManager> <membership defaultProvider="MySqlMembershipProvider"> <providers> <add connectionStringName="mySQL" applicationName="capcafe" minRequiredPasswordLength="5" requiresQuestionAndAnswer="false" requiresUniqueEmail="false" minRequiredNonalphanumericCharacters="0" name="MySqlMembershipProvider" type="MySql.Web.Security.MySQLMembershipProvider, MySql.Web, Version=6.2.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" /> </providers> </membership> Here is the line it doesn't seem to like: Line 57: type="MySql.Web.Security.MySQLRoleProvider, MySql.Web, Version=6.2.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" I have both MySql.Web and MySql.Data referenced and in my bin! Any help resolving this issue will be very much appreciated

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• How do I authenticate regarding EJB3 Container ?

  - by FMR

  I have my business classes protected by EJB3 security annotations, now I would like to call these methods from a Spring controller, how do I do it? edit I will add some information about my setup, I'm using Tomcat for the webcontainer and OpenEJB for embedding EJB into tomcat. I did not settle on any version of spring so it's more or less open to suggestions. edit current setup works this way : I have a login form + controller that puts a User pojo inside SessionContext. Each time someone access a secured part of the site, the application checks for the User pojo, if it's there check roles and then show the page, if it's not show a appropriate message or redirect to login page. Now the bussiness calls are made thanks to a call method inside User which bypass a probable security context which is a remix of this code found in openejb security examples : Caller managerBean = (Caller) context.lookup("ManagerBeanLocal"); managerBean.call(new Callable() { public Object call() throws Exception { Movies movies = (Movies) context.lookup("MoviesLocal"); movies.addMovie(new Movie("Quentin Tarantino", "Reservoir Dogs", 1992)); movies.addMovie(new Movie("Joel Coen", "Fargo", 1996)); movies.addMovie(new Movie("Joel Coen", "The Big Lebowski", 1998)); List<Movie> list = movies.getMovies(); assertEquals("List.size()", 3, list.size()); for (Movie movie : list) { movies.deleteMovie(movie); } assertEquals("Movies.getMovies()", 0, movies.getMovies().size()); return null; } });

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• What is the optimum way to secure a company wide wiki?

  - by Mark Robinson

  We have a wiki which is used by over half our company. Generally it has been very positively received. However, there is a concern over security - not letting confidential information fall into the wrong hands (i.e. competitors). The default answer is to create a complicated security matrix defining who can read what document (wiki page) based on who created it. Personally I think this mainly solves the wrong problem because it creates barriers within the company instead of a barrier to the external world. But some are concerned that people at a customer site might share information with a customer which then goes to the competitor. The administration of such a matrix is a nightmare because (1) the matrix is based on department and not projects (this is a matrix organisation), and (2) because in a wiki all pages are by definition dynamic so what is confidential today might not be confidential tomorrow (but the history is always readable!). Apart from the security matrix, we've considered restricting content on the wiki to non super secret stuff, but off course that needs to be monitored. Another solution (the current) is to monitor views and report anything suspicious (e.g. one person at a customer site having 2000 views in two days was reported). Again - this is not ideal because this does not directly imply a wrong motive. Does anyone have a better solution? How can a company wide wiki be made secure and yet keep its low threshold USP? BTW we use MediaWiki with Lockdown to exclude some administrative staff.

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• Read file:// URLs in IE XMLHttpRequest

  - by Dan Fabulich

  I'm developing a JavaScript application that's meant to be run either from a web server (over http) or from the file system (on a file:// URL). As part of this code, I need to use XMLHttpRequest to load files in the same directory as the page and in subdirectories of the page. This code works fine ("PASS") when executed on a web server, but doesn't work ("FAIL") in Internet Explorer 8 when run off the file system: <html><head> <script> window.onload = function() { var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(); xhr.open("GET", window.location.href, false); xhr.send(null); if (/TestString/.test(xhr.responseText)) { document.body.innerHTML="<p>PASS</p>"; } } </script> <body><p>FAIL</p></body> Of course, at first it fails because no scripts can run at all on the file system; the user is prompted a yellow bar, warning that "To help protect your security, Internet Explorer has restricted this webpage from running scripts or ActiveX controls that could access your computer." But even once I click on the bar and "Allow Blocked Content" the page still fails; I get an "Access is Denied" error on the xhr.open call. This puzzles me, because MSDN says that "For development purposes, the file:// protocol is allowed from the Local Machine zone." This local file should be part of the Local Machine Zone, right? How can I get code like this to work? I'm fine with prompting the user with security warnings; I'm not OK with forcing them to turn off security in the control panel. EDIT: I am not, in fact, loading an XML document in my case; I'm loading a plain text file (.txt).

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• How to best launch C++ application from web page

  - by JB

  I guess there are two parts to this question, one technical and one best practice for security and doing things "right". I'm working on a little game using C++ / directx but I would like to be able to launch it from a web page by someone clicking on a link on that page. Ideally I would like the first time they clicked for it to launch an installer downloads and installs the game on their machine, and then the next time to launch an application which updates the game from a web site if it's old and then launches it. I have no problems with the expected security popups and questions the first time it runs. I want people to be certain what they are installing and understand what they are doing. But it would be nice if once it is installed they could run it with the minimum of fuss. My question then is what technologies I could use to do this? I'm thinking that it would need a browser plugin and an activex control so that first time you'd install that, and subsequently the control/plugin would be able to launch the game. I'm not sure that under newer browser secuity models that a plugin would have the permissions to be able to run an installer though or silently invoke applications on the client machine even if they are already installed. Is there a more sensible way to achive what I want to achieve? And I'm worried about the security aspects too. I want this to be convenient for users but I of course want to do it "right". I know this can be done as I've seen several mmorpg type games that launch in this way from the browser now but it's not entirely clear to me how they've done it.

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• Cross-domain data access in JavaScript

  - by vit

  We have an ASP.Net application hosted on our network and exposed to a specific client. This client wants to be able to import data from their own server into our application. The data is retrieved with an HTTP request and is CSV formatted. The problem is that they do not want to expose their server to our network and are requesting the import to be done on the client side (all clients are from the same network as their server). So, what needs to be done is: They request an import page from our server The client script on the page issues a request to their server to get CSV formatted data The data is sent back to our application This is not a challenge when both servers are on the same domain: a simple hidden iframe or something similar will do the trick, but here what I'm getting is a cross-domain "access denied" error. They also refuse to change the data format to return JSON or XML formatted data. What I tried and learned so far is: Hidden iframe -- "access denied" XMLHttpRequest -- behaviour depends on the browser security settings: may work, may work while nagging a user with security warnings, or may not work at all Dynamic script tags -- would have worked if they could have returned data in JSON format IE client data binding -- the same "access denied" error Is there anything else I can try before giving up and saying that it will not be possible without exposing their server to our application, changing their data format or changing their browser security settings? (DNS trick is not an option, by the way).

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• When is it safe to use a broken hash function?

  - by The Rook

  It is trivial to use a secure hash function like SHA256 and continuing to use md5 is reckless behavior. However, there are some complexities to hash function vulnerabilities that I would like to better understand. Collisions have been generated for md4 and md5. According to NIST md5() is not a secure hash function. It only takes 2^39th operations to generate a collision and should never be used for passwords. However SHA1 is vulnerable to a similar collision attack in which a collision can be found in 2^69 operations, where as brute force is 2^80th. No one has generated a sha1 collision and NIST still lists sha1 as a secure message digest function. So when is it safe to use a broken hash function? Even though a function is broken it can still be "big enough". According to Schneier a hash function vulnerable to a collsion attack can still be used as an HMAC. I believe this is because the security of an HMAC is Dependant on its secret key and a collision cannot be found until this key is obtained. Once you have the key used in a HMAC its already broken, so its a moot point. What hash function vulnerabilities would undermine the security of an HMAC? Lets take this property a bit further. Does it then become safe to use a very weak message digest like md4 for passwords if a salt is perpended to the password? Keep in mind the md4 and md5 attacks are prefixing attacks, and if a salt is perpended then an attacker cannot control the prefix of the message. If the salt is truly a secret, and isn't known to the attacker, then does it matter if its a appended to the end of the password? Is it safe to assume that an attacker cannot generate a collision until the entire message has been obtained? Do you know of other cases where a broken hash function can be used in a security context without introducing a vulnerability? (Please post supporting evidence because it is awesome!)

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• How to remove strict RSA key checking in SSH and what's the problem here?

  - by setatakahashi

  I have a Linux server that whenever I connect it shows me the message that changed the SSH host key: $ ssh root@host1 @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @ WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED! @ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY! Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)! It is also possible that the RSA host key has just been changed. The fingerprint for the RSA key sent by the remote host is 93:a2:1b:1c:5f:3e:68:47:bf:79:56:52:f0:ec:03:6b. Please contact your system administrator. Add correct host key in /home/emerson/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message. Offending key in /home/emerson/.ssh/known_hosts:377 RSA host key for host1 has changed and you have requested strict checking. Host key verification failed. It keeps me for a very few seconds logged in and then it closes the connection. host1:~/.ssh # Read from remote host host1: Connection reset by peer Connection to host1 closed. Does anyone know what's happening and what I could do to solve this problem?

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• Client-side policy error using JacORB (Java/CORBA) with SSL

  - by jason

  I'm trying to add SSL to an existing CORBA app, and I keep getting this error: org.omg.CORBA.NO_PERMISSION: Client-side policy requires SSL/TLS, but server doesn't support it vmcid: 0x0 minor code: 0 completed: No at org.jacorb.orb.iiop.ClientIIOPConnection.checkSSL(ClientIIOPConnection.java:535) at org.jacorb.orb.iiop.ClientIIOPConnection.connect(ClientIIOPConnection.java:144) at org.jacorb.orb.giop.GIOPConnection.sendMessage(GIOPConnection.java:835) at org.jacorb.orb.giop.GIOPConnection.sendRequest(GIOPConnection.java:805) at org.jacorb.orb.giop.ClientConnection.sendRequest(ClientConnection.java:302) at org.jacorb.orb.giop.ClientConnection.sendRequest(ClientConnection.java:282) at org.jacorb.orb.Delegate.invoke_internal(Delegate.java:919) at org.jacorb.orb.Delegate.invoke(Delegate.java:868) at org.jacorb.orb.Delegate.is_a(Delegate.java:1268) at org.omg.CORBA.portable.ObjectImpl._is_a(ObjectImpl.java:112) at databridge.autogen.ILoginManagerHelper.narrow(ILoginManagerHelper.java:57) at databridge.test.Client.main(Client.java:59) I have generated keystores for both client and server and exchanged the keys between the two. Using this setup, I can get the demo application that came in the JacORB download to run successfully. The only difference I can tell is that my test is using the Tie method to get the POA. There are some policies that go into that, but I can't find any information on what policies need to go in there to enable SSL, if any. I'm not even sure that's the problem as the JacORB demo doesn't set any policies on the server or poa. When I run the -Djavax.net.debug=ssl, I can see the keystores load up the trusted certs on both the client and the server. I'm just not sure what policies are being referred to here, but it's odd that the demo works and the test doesn't using the exact same keystores and properties. I've emailed the mailing list, but I'm not holding out much hope as that doesn't seem to be very active. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Below are my properties files. Server Props: jacorb.security.support_ssl=on jacorb.security.ssl.server.supported_options=60 jacorb.security.ssl.server.required_options=20 jacorb.ssl.socket_factory=org.jacorb.security.ssl.sun_jsse.SSLSocketFactory jacorb.ssl.server_socket_factory=org.jacorb.security.ssl.sun_jsse.SSLServerSocketFactory jacorb.security.keystore=dbserver.jks jacorb.security.keystore_password=dbsslserver_pass jacorb.security.jsse.trustees_from_ks=on jacorb.security.jsse.log.verbosity=4 jacorb.implname=StandardImplName client props jacorb.security.support_ssl=on jacorb.security.ssl.client.supported_options=60 jacorb.security.ssl.client.required_options=20 jacorb.ssl.socket_factory=org.jacorb.security.ssl.sun_jsse.SSLSocketFactory jacorb.security.keystore=dbclient.jks jacorb.security.keystore_password=dbsslclient_pass jacorb.security.jsse.trustees_from_ks=on jacorb.security.jsse.log.verbosity=4 jacorb.implname=StandardImplName

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• Is Transport security a bad practice for the WCF service over the Internet?

  - by Sergey

  Hello, I have a WCF service accessible over the Internet. It has wsHttpBinding binding and message security mode with username credentials to authenticate clients. The msdn says that we should use message security for the Internet scenarios, because it provides end-to-end security instead of point-to-point security as Transport security has. What if i use transport security for the wcf service over the Internet? Is it a bad practice? Could my data be seen by malicious users? Thanks, Sergey

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• Overriding Object.Equals() instance method in C#; now Code Analysis / FxCop warning CA2218: "should

  - by Chris W. Rea

  I've got a complex class in my C# project on which I want to be able to do equality tests. It is not a trivial class; it contains a variety of scalar properties as well as references to other objects and collections (e.g. IDictionary). For what it's worth, my class is sealed. To enable a performance optimization elsewhere in my system (an optimization that avoids a costly network round-trip), I need to be able to compare instances of these objects to each other for equality – other than the built-in reference equality – and so I'm overriding the Object.Equals() instance method. However, now that I've done that, Visual Studio 2008's Code Analysis a.k.a. FxCop, which I keep enabled by default, is raising the following warning: warning : CA2218 : Microsoft.Usage : Since 'MySuperDuperClass' redefines Equals, it should also redefine GetHashCode. I think I understand the rationale for this warning: If I am going to be using such objects as the key in a collection, the hash code is important. i.e. see this question. However, I am not going to be using these objects as the key in a collection. Ever. Feeling justified to suppress the warning, I looked up code CA2218 in the MSDN documentation to get the full name of the warning so I could apply a SuppressMessage attribute to my class as follows: [SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA2218:OverrideGetHashCodeOnOverridingEquals", Justification="This class is not to be used as key in a hashtable.")] However, while reading further, I noticed the following: How to Fix Violations To fix a violation of this rule, provide an implementation of GetHashCode. For a pair of objects of the same type, you must ensure that the implementation returns the same value if your implementation of Equals returns true for the pair. When to Suppress Warnings ----- Do not suppress a warning from this rule. [arrow & emphasis mine] So, I'd like to know: Why shouldn't I suppress this warning as I was planning to? Doesn't my case warrant suppression? I don't want to code up an implementation of GetHashCode() for this object that will never get called, since my object will never be the key in a collection. If I wanted to be pedantic, instead of suppressing, would it be more reasonable for me to override GetHashCode() with an implementation that throws a NotImplementedException? Update: I just looked this subject up again in Bill Wagner's good book Effective C#, and he states in "Item 10: Understand the Pitfalls of GetHashCode()": If you're defining a type that won't ever be used as the key in a container, this won't matter. Types that represent window controls, web page controls, or database connections are unlikely to be used as keys in a collection. In those cases, do nothing. All reference types will have a hash code that is correct, even if it is very inefficient. [...] In most types that you create, the best approach is to avoid the existence of GetHashCode() entirely. ... that's where I originally got this idea that I need not be concerned about GetHashCode() always.

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