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  • "A disk read error occurred" after choosing to boot into Windows XP from GRUB

    - by kellogs
    "A disk read error occurred" appears on screen after choosing to boot into Windows XP from GRUB. [root@localhost linux]# fdisk -lu Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x48424841 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 63 204214271 102107104+ 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 204214272 255606783 25696256 af HFS / HFS+ Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 255606784 276488191 10440704 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda4 276490179 312576704 18043263 5 Extended /dev/sda5 * 276490240 286709759 5109760 83 Linux /dev/sda6 286712118 310488254 11888068+ b W95 FAT32 /dev/sda7 310488318 312576704 1044193+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris Here, sda is a 160GB hard disk with quite a few partitions and 3 OSes installed. I am able to boot into Linux and Mac OS fine, but not into Windows anymore. The Windows system is located on /dev/sda1. I cannot recall how exactly have I used testdisk but it once said: Disk /dev/sda - 160 GB / 149 GiB - CHS 19458 255 63 The harddisk (160 GB / 149 GiB) seems too small! (< 169 GB / 157 GiB) Check the harddisk size: HD jumper settings, BIOS detection... So far I have tried to "fixboot" and "chkdsk" from a recovery console on the affected windows partition (/dev/sda1), the plug off power cord for 15 seconds trick, reinstalling GRUB, repairing the MFT and boot sector of the affected partition via testdisk, what next please? Thank you!

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  • Failing to load rootfs: Ubuntu 10 + grub2 + rootfs ext4 w/ RAID1

    - by James
    I am having problems booting a new Ubuntu 10 (server) install. My primary HD (/dev/sda) is laid out as follows: Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 18 144553+ 83 Linux <-- /BOOT /dev/sda2 19 182401 1464991447+ 5 Extended /dev/sda5 19 2207 17583111 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sda6 2208 11934 78132096 fd Linux raid autodetect <-- / (ROOTFS) /dev/sda7 11935 182401 1369276146 fd Linux raid autodetect The rootfs is part of a RAID1 (software) array (currently degraded): # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md2 : active raid1 sda6[1] 78132032 blocks [2/1] [_U] The UUIDs for the partitions are as follows: # blkid /dev/sda1 /dev/sda1: UUID="b25dd301-41b9-4f4d-9b0a-0e31713dd74c" TYPE="ext2" # blkid /dev/sda6 /dev/sda6: UUID="af7b9ede-fa53-c0c1-74be-31ec752c5cd5" TYPE="linux_raid_member" # blkid /dev/md2 /dev/md2: UUID="a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f" TYPE="ext4" Finally, I have my grub2 menuentry setup as follows: ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-25-server' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { insmod ext2 insmod raid insmod mdraid set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set b25dd301-41b9-4f4d-9b0a-0e31713dd74c linux /vmlinuz-2.6.32-25-server root=UUID=a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f ro nosplash noplymouth initrd /initrd.img-2.6.32-25-server } When I attempt to boot, grub loads OK, however I eventually get the following error message: Gave up waiting for root device. ALERT /dev/disk/by-uuid/a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f does not exist. Dropping to a shell! If from the grub bootloader I open a grub command line, I can ls (hd0,) and it lists the correct partitions with the UUIDs as shown above - sda6 shows 'a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f' (the RAID UUID). If I ls (md2)/ it properly lists all the files on the RAID1 filesystem (ext4) so it doesn't appear to be an issue accessing the raid device. Does anyone have any suggestions as to what the problem might be? I can't figure this one out.

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  • Getting Help with 'SEPA' Questions

    - by MargaretW
    What is 'SEPA'? The Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA) is a self-regulatory initiative for the European banking industry championed by the European Commission (EC) and the European Central Bank (ECB). The aim of the SEPA initiative is to improve the efficiency of cross border payments and the economies of scale by developing common standards, procedures, and infrastructure. The SEPA territory currently consists of 33 European countries -- the 28 EU states, together with Iceland, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Norway and Switzerland. Part of that infrastructure includes two new SEPA instruments that were introduced in 2008: SEPA Credit Transfer (a Payables transaction in Oracle EBS) SEPA Core Direct Debit (a Receivables transaction in Oracle EBS) A SEPA Credit Transfer (SCT) is an outgoing payment instrument for the execution of credit transfers in Euro between customer payment accounts located in SEPA. SEPA Credit Transfers are executed on behalf of an Originator holding a payment account with an Originator Bank in favor of a Beneficiary holding a payment account at a Beneficiary Bank. In R12 of Oracle applications, the current SEPA credit transfer implementation is based on Version 5 of the "SEPA Credit Transfer Scheme Customer-To-Bank Implementation Guidelines" and the "SEPA Credit Transfer Scheme Rulebook" issued by European Payments Council (EPC). These guidelines define the rules to be applied to the UNIFI (ISO20022) XML message standards for the implementation of the SEPA Credit Transfers in the customer-to-bank space. This format is compliant with SEPA Credit Transfer version 6. A SEPA Core Direct Debit (SDD) is an incoming payment instrument used for making domestic and cross-border payments within the 33 countries of SEPA, wherein the debtor (payer) authorizes the creditor (payee) to collect the payment from his bank account. The payment can be a fixed amount like a mortgage payment, or variable amounts such as those of invoices. The "SEPA Core Direct Debit" scheme replaces various country-specific direct debit schemes currently prevailing within the SEPA zone. SDD is based on the ISO20022 XML messaging standards, version 5.0 of the "SEPA Core Direct Debit Scheme Rulebook", and "SEPA Direct Debit Core Scheme Customer-to-Bank Implementation Guidelines". This format is also compliant with SEPA Core Direct Debit version 6. EU Regulation #260/2012 established the technical and business requirements for both instruments in euro. The regulation is referred to as the "SEPA end-date regulation", and also defines the deadlines for the migration to the new SEPA instruments: Euro Member States: February 1, 2014 Non-Euro Member States: October 31, 2016. Oracle and SEPA Within the Oracle E-Business Suite of applications, Oracle Payables (AP), Oracle Receivables (AR), and Oracle Payments (IBY) provide SEPA transaction capabilities for the following releases, as noted: Release 11.5.10.x -  AP & AR Release 12.0.x - AP & AR & IBY Release 12.1.x - AP & AR & IBY Release 12.2.x - AP & AR & IBY Resources To assist our customers in migrating, using, and troubleshooting SEPA functionality, a number of resource documents related to SEPA are available on My Oracle Support (MOS), including: R11i: AP: White Paper - SEPA Credit Transfer V5 support in Oracle Payables, Doc ID 1404743.1R11i: AR: White Paper - SEPA Core Direct Debit v5.0 support in Oracle Receivables, Doc ID 1410159.1R12: IBY: White Paper - SEPA Credit Transfer v5 support in Oracle Payments, Doc ID 1404007.1R12: IBY: White Paper - SEPA Core Direct Debit v5 support in Oracle Payments, Doc ID 1420049.1R11i/R12: AP/AR/IBY: Get Help Setting Up, Using, and Troubleshooting SEPA Payments in Oracle, Doc ID 1594441.2R11i/R12: Single European Payments Area (SEPA) - UPDATES, Doc ID 1541718.1R11i/R12: FAQs for Single European Payments Area (SEPA), Doc ID 791226.1

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  • S.M.A.R.T. broken sectors

    - by Jeffrey Vandenborne
    Recently I received my hard drive (LaCie) that I've sent away for warranty, my disk failed, and I used Palimpsest Disk utility to check if anything was wrong in the S.M.A.R.T Status. And it said that there were a few broken sectors. So the next day, I went to the store and told the story. 4 weeks later I actually got my drive back. The first thing I did was plugging it in and starting the disk utility, and weirdly it showed me pretty much the exact same things, even the values of most tests were the same as they were before when my drive broke. The serial number is different though, but it does show a very peculiar value. Now I'm wondering, I'm almost sure it's the exact same drive and it still says I've got broken sectors, does it just say that because it has been cached in the drive somewhere while LaCie DID actually fix it? Or should I run the extended self test (which seems to take hours) first? Also I've tried the smartctl command tool, it says the drive has smart support, but it doesn't show anything, it says that it's enabled, but then it says that it's disabled, picture below The picture of the Disk utility: Thanks in advance

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  • ProCurve ACL to prevent a subnet from leaving the switch

    - by kce
    I have a single HP ProCurve 2610 in a remote location that is connected in with the rest of the network via SHDSL. There are two Layer-3 networks on this segment. ACLs are setup to deny one subnet (192.0.2.0/24) from ever being able to leave the switch by virtue of being applied to port attached to the upstream connection. The other subnet should be permitted to freely leave the switch. Both subnets are on the same VLAN. Unfortunately SFlow very clearly show broadcast traffic from 192.0.2.0/24 on the upstream connection. ProCurve ACLs are not my strong suit but I feel like I'm missing something very simple here. ip access-list extended "Filter for Camera Network" deny ip 192.0.2.0 0.0.0.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 log permit ip 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 exit interface 24 name "DSL - UPLINK" access-group "Filter for Camera Network" in exit Unless I am mistaken traffic from 192.0.2.0/24 should be dropped as it crosses the uplink port (int 24) whereas all other traffic will be permited by the following default allow rule. What exactly am I missing here? EDIT: Firstly, why do you have two subnets contained in the same VLAN? Because that's how it was configured by a previous administrator and while it makes conceptual sense that a single subnet is "mapped" to a single VLAN there's no technical constraint that I am aware of that makes this have to be the case. Instead of filtering inbound traffic on your uplink, you should be filtering outbound traffic. The HP2600 series can only filter inbound traffic on interfaces. Should I change my filter to deny any to 192.0.2.0/24?

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  • Dual-booting Windows 7 and Ubuntu

    - by CFP
    Hello everyone, I've just received my Dell Studio 17 laptop, which comes with Windows 7 x64 preinstalled. I'm having quite a hard time installing ubuntu on it. First of all, here is how I partitioned the drive using GPartEd: |==Dell utility partition==|==Dell Recovery partition==|==Windows 7==|[==Ubuntu==|==Data partition==]| Where [] denotes an extended partition. Here are the steps I completed: I used GParted to create this structure, keeping windows 7 installed I booted ubuntu LiveCD, and installed it on the right partition I let it install grub automatically I rebooted intu ubuntu I went back to windows 7, no problems I then rebooted. Grub was gone. I used Super Grub Disk to restore grub, it didn't work. I tried to boot into ubuntu from supergrubdisk, but grub couldn't fint the boot folder I then reinstalled ubuntu, went through the same steps, but there SGD did boot my ubuntu I reverted to the previous version of grub, and installed it on my hard drive It worked, but trying to boot win7 got me the "No MBR, press Ctrl+Alt+Del to reboot" error I used the windows 7 cd to restore the MBR (the auto wizard didn't work, had to rebuild the mbr from command line Now Ubuntu is gone. 7 works fine I read a lot about this, and realized that many people could simply not boot win7 again after encountering this problem. Now I'd like to restore GRUB, but I really won't go through the hassle of doing a full new cycle of installing/reinstalling everything again. Is there a GRUB guru around, to provide me with a detailed guide to not screwing everything up once again? Thanks a lot!

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  • ldapsearch against Active Directory fails

    - by Guacamole
    I am using ldapsearch from OpenLDAP tools to search our corporate Active Directory for my email and phone number. This query is a test to ensure that I can authenticate against the domain so I can set up a linux wiki with NTLM authentication. My theory is that if I can successfully query the AD for information, then I am a step closer to getting my wiki to authenticate against AD (I have instructions to set up moin wiki under ActiveDirectory). The problem is that I can't seem to get the ldapsearch query right. I have seen many tutorials on the net that indicate that -D should be something like -D "Americas\John_Marsharll"; however, I keep getting ldap_bind: Invalid credentials (49) error messages when I use Americas\John_Marshall. The only time I get sensical results is when I query with the parameters below. However, even then, I can't figure out how to get email and phone number. [John_Marsharll@WN7-BG3YSM1 ~]$ ldapsearch -x -h 10.1.1.1 \ -b "cn=Users,dc=Americas" mail telephonenumber -D "cn=John_Marshall,dc=Americas" # extended LDIF # # LDAPv3 # base <cn=Users,dc=Americas> with scope subtree # filter: (objectclass=*) # requesting: mail telephonenumber -D cn=John_Marshall,dc=Americas # # search result search: 2 result: 32 No such object # numResponses: 1 [John_Marshall@WN7-BG3YSM1 ~]$ Can someone give me pointers on what I'm doing wrong with the ldapsearch query above? Our AD ldap server is 10.1.1.1 and the AD domain is "Americas".

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  • Messed up partitions... system will not boot!

    - by someguy
    I did a really dumb thing. cfdisk threw an error at me saying "FATAL ERROR: Bad primary partition 3: Partition ends in the final partial cylinder", so I installed Partition Table Doctor to see if I could fix the problem. When the program started up, it told me there were problems with my partitions, and asked if I wanted them fixed (cannot remember real message, but I believe it had something to do with the cylinder boundaries), so, blindly, without thinking of the consequences, I did. Now, my system will not boot. I tried booting from the Windows 7 installation CD. I went to install a fresh copy, but it said that "No drives were found". I then opened up diskpart. According to diskpart, there is only one partition, containing one volume, assigned the letter "C". Before, I had four partitions! It is also saying that the file system is RAW. Is there any way I can fix this? I have important data that I do not want to lose. Later on... I tried fdisk with the option -l, which lists the partition table(s), and this is what I got: Ignoring extra extended partition 4 Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 64 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x163df116 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 6 18 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 18 7851 62918572+ 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda3 13073 30402 139196416 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda3 13073 30402 139196416 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda3 13073 30403 139203193 7 HPFS/NTFS I don't know if this will help, but it's extra information, at least. Also, this is how I had my partitions: 40MB (Unallocated) 100MB (System Reserved) 60GB (Windows, C:) 40GB (Was reserved for secondary OS) ~132GB (Home, E:)

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  • kill a hung mount process

    - by John P
    I have a virtual machine drive that ran out of space, so I shutdown the VM, extended the volume using lvextend. After resizing the partition (ext3), I ran e2fsck on it, and it found and corrected errors. Unfortunately, when I ran efsck one more time, there were more errors that had to be fixed. I went through 3 rounds of e2fsck before I decided to try mounting it to clean up some space manually. I tried mounting it, but the mount process hung. I tried to "kill -9" the mount process, but that did not kill it. I killed the parent process, but that did not kill it either. Any ideas on how to kill a rogue mount process? Some evidence: ps -l 13292 F S UID PID PPID C PRI NI ADDR SZ WCHAN TTY TIME CMD 4 R 0 13292 1 99 85 0 - 17964 - ? 11:27 mount /dev/mapper/xen7-123p3 /tmp/p3/ lsof -p 13292 COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME mount 13292 root cwd DIR 9,2 4096 25264129 /root mount 13292 root rtd DIR 9,2 4096 2 / mount 13292 root txt REG 9,2 61656 2916434 /bin/mount mount 13292 root mem REG 9,2 144776 31457282 /lib64/ld-2.5.so mount 13292 root mem REG 9,2 1718232 31457284 /lib64/libc-2.5.so mount 13292 root mem REG 9,2 23360 31457291 /lib64/libdl-2.5.so mount 13292 root mem REG 9,2 43808 31457783 /lib64/libblkid.so.1.0 mount 13292 root mem REG 9,2 247496 31457331 /lib64/libsepol.so.1 mount 13292 root mem REG 9,2 95464 31457337 /lib64/libselinux.so.1 mount 13292 root mem REG 9,2 154640 31457491 /lib64/libdevmapper.so.1.02 mount 13292 root mem REG 9,2 17936 31457472 /lib64/libuuid.so.1.2 mount 13292 root mem REG 9,2 56438208 12684878 /usr/lib/locale/locale-archive mount 13292 root 0u CHR 136,11 0t0 13 /dev/pts/11 (deleted) mount 13292 root 1u CHR 136,11 0t0 13 /dev/pts/11 (deleted) mount 13292 root 2u CHR 136,11 0t0 13 /dev/pts/11 (deleted) umount -f /tmp/p3/ umount2: Invalid argument umount: /tmp/p3/: not mounted

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  • Apache Server Status page in port 8443

    - by batman
    I'm very new to apache. I tried to enable the server status page of apache. I added the status.conf and status.load to mods-enabled directory. I changed the config of apache2.conf to include all mods-enabled directory. This is the config of staus.conf: <IfModule mod_status.c> # # Allow server status reports generated by mod_status, # with the URL of http://servername/server-status # Uncomment and change the "192.0.2.0/24" to allow access from other hosts. # <Location /server-status> SetHandler server-status Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.1 ::1 # Allow from 192.0.2.0/24 </Location> # Keep track of extended status information for each request ExtendedStatus On # Determine if mod_status displays the first 63 characters of a request or # the last 63, assuming the request itself is greater than 63 chars. # Default: Off #SeeRequestTail On <IfModule mod_proxy.c> # Show Proxy LoadBalancer status in mod_status ProxyStatus On </IfModule> </IfModule> The default settings. I restarted my server. I'm redirecting all ports to 8443. Which in turn turns my requests to localhost:8443/server-status. Which does throw an 404 error. Are there any way to get around this? Thanks in advance.

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  • Process for Securing Web Sites and Applications

    - by Aamir Hasan
    The following quick-start guide provides a detailed overview of how to configure security for IIS 6.0. Reduce the Attack Surface of the Web Server 1.       Enable only essential Windows Server 2003 components and services. 2.       Enable only essential IIS 6.0 components and services. 3.       Enable only essential Web service extensions. 4.       Enable only essential Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) types. 5.       Configure Windows Server 2003 security settings. Prevent Unauthorized Access to Web Sites and Applications 1.       Store content on a dedicated disk volume. 2.       Set IIS Web site permissions. 3.       Set IP address and domain name restrictions. 4.       Set the NTFS file system permissions. Isolate Web Sites and Applications 1.       Evaluate the effects of impersonation on application compatibility: 2·         Identify the impersonation behavior for ASP applications. 3·         Select the impersonation behavior for ASP.NET applications. 4.       Configure Web sites and applications for isolation. Configure User Authentication 1.       Configure Web site authentication. 2·         Select the Web site authentication method. 3·         Configure the Web site authentication method. 4.       Configure File Transfer Protocol (FTP) site authentication. Encrypt Confidential Data Exchanged with Clients 1.       Use Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) to encrypt confidential data. 2.       Use Internet Protocol security (IPSec) or virtual private network (VPN) with remote administration. Maintain Web Site and Application Security 1.       Obtain and apply current security patches. 2.       Enable Windows Server 2003 security logs. 3.       Enable file access auditing for Web site content. 4.       Configure IIS logs. 5.       Review security policies, processes, and procedures.  Note:To secure the Web sites and applications in a Web farm, use the process described in this chapter to configure security for each server in the Web farm. Link:http://www.studentacad.com/post/2010/04/28/Process-for-Securing-Web-Sites-and-Applications.aspx

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  • There are 2 jobs available - which one sounds better all round [closed]

    - by Steve Gates
    I am currently employed at a company where we scrape by each year breaking even, sometimes having a little profit. The development environment is very relaxed and we have a laugh. My colleagues are not interested in improving their knowledge unless they have to, so trying to get them to adopt things like TDD is a non-starter. My development manager is stuck in .Net 2 land and refuses to use things like LINQ. He over complicates architecture and writes very unreadable code, heres an example SortedList<int,<SortedList<int,SortedList<int, MyClass>>>> The MD of the company has no drive and lets the one sales guy bring in the contracts. We are not busy all the time and this allows me time to look at new technology and learn. In terms of using things like TDD, my development manager has no problem with it and can kind of see the purpose of it, he just wont use it himself. This means I am alone in learning new things and am often resorting to StackOverflow to make sure I get things right. The company has a lot of flexibility, I can work from home if needs be and when my daughter was born they let me work from home 1 day a week however they expect this flexibility in return often asking me to travel occasionally on a Friday afternoon for the following week. Sometimes its abroad. We are also pretty much on call 24/5 as we have engineers in various countries. Also we have no testers so most of the testing is done by us developers and some testing by engineers. Either way no-one likes testing! I have been offered a role at a company I worked at 5 years ago. They were quite Victorian in their working practices but it appears to have relaxed now although I suspect still reasonably formal. There is a new team of developers I don't know and they are about to move to new offices. The team lead is a guy that was there when I was and I get the impression he takes his role seriously and likes his formal procedures and documentation. I think some of the Victorian practices may have rubbed off on him. However he did say if things crop up then as long as I can trust the person they can work at home although he prefers people in the office. The team uses SCRUM, TDD and SOLID design principles so they are quite up to date in technology. They are reasonably Microsoft focused. It appears the Technical Director might be the R&D man and research new technology on his own not allowing developers to play with new technology. He possibly might be a super developer and makes all the decisions that no can argue with. They are currently moving to Entity Framework away from NHibernate based on issues that their queries seem to fail sometimes and they feel NHibernate is stagnant. They have analysts and a QA team. The MD is focused and they are an expanding company making profit each year. I'm not sure what the team morale is and whether they have a laugh. When I had a tour around the office they were there in dead silence. I'm really unsure which role is the best for me and going with my gut instinct is useless as I'm not sure what my gut is telling me. Based on the information above which role would you choose and why?

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  • dd on entire disk, but do not want empty portion

    - by Jonathan Henson
    I have a disk, say /dev/sda. Here is fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 64.0 GB, 64023257088 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7783 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0000e4b5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 27 209920 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 27 525 4000768 5 Extended Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda5 27 353 2621440 83 Linux /dev/sda6 353 405 416768 83 Linux /dev/sda7 405 490 675840 83 Linux /dev/sda8 490 525 282624 83 Linux I need to make an image to store on our file server for use in flashing other devices we are manufacturing so I only want the used space (only about 4gb). I want to keep the mbr etc... as this device should be boot ready as soon as the copy is finished. Any ideas? I previously had been using dd if=/dev/sda of=[//fileserver/file], but at that time, my master copy was on a 4gb flash ide.

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  • a disk read error occurred [closed]

    - by kellogs
    Hi, ¨a disk read error occurred¨ appears on screen after choosing to boot into Windows XP from GRUB. [root@localhost linux]# fdisk -lu Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x48424841 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 63 204214271 102107104+ 7 HPFS/NTFS Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 204214272 255606783 25696256 af HFS / HFS+ Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 255606784 276488191 10440704 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) Partition 3 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda4 276490179 312576704 18043263 5 Extended /dev/sda5 * 276490240 286709759 5109760 83 Linux /dev/sda6 286712118 310488254 11888068+ b W95 FAT32 /dev/sda7 310488318 312576704 1044193+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris sda is a 160GB hard disk with quite a few partitions and 3 OSes installed. I am able to boot into Linux and Mac OS fine, but not into Windows anymore. The Windows system is located on /dev/sda1. I can not recall how exactly have I used testdisk but it once said that ¨The harddisk /dev/sda (160GB / 149 GB) seems too small! (< 172GB / 157GB)¨ or something simillar. So far I have tried to ¨fixboot¨ and ¨chkdsk¨ from a recovery console on the affected windows partition (/dev/sda1), the plug off power cord for 15 seconds trick, reinstalling GRUB, repairing the MFT and boot sector of the affected partition via testdisk, what next please ? Thank you!

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  • Steps to deploy a custom routing protocol

    - by user134589
    I'm a Ph.D Student and I'm researching a Service Centric Networking architecture with resourceallocation on a large scale. What I'm looking to do is expand an existing routing protocol like OSPF with extra fields and some new message types that I need for communication between Nodes. I want to manipulate the cost of a network link and I want paths to be calculated like in OSPF V2/v3, but using the cost that my algorithms have calculated. What I have I have the source code of OSPF from Quagga. I am assuming I can edit this code how I want, including packet structures and creating new types. Yes, I am aware it won't be easy but this is a 6 years research project and I am eager to develop something new, to move forward. What I need I would like to know how I can deploy the edited OSPF source files I have (written in C) on any type of server. I have a large testbed environment available with hundreds of virtual nodes and pretty much any OS out there. So if I want to test my extended protocol, how do I make all the nodes in a network use this to communicate? I do not understand what parts of the kernel I need to edit here. I tried searching for days now and I am unable to find how to deploy a non-existing routing protocol, without the use of an application-level framework. If somebody could push me in the right direction that'd be awesome. note: I need this to be a routingprotocol and not an application, since I want this to work on op of the network layer for performance reasons. Thanks!

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  • The five steps of business intelligence adoption: where are you?

    - by Red Gate Software BI Tools Team
    When I was in Orlando and New York last month, I spoke to a lot of business intelligence users. What they told me suggested a path of BI adoption. The user’s place on the path depends on the size and sophistication of their organisation. Step 1: A company with a database of customer transactions will often want to examine particular data, like revenue and unit sales over the last period for each product and territory. To do this, they probably use simple SQL queries or stored procedures to produce data on demand. Step 2: The results from step one are saved in an Excel document, so business users can analyse them with filters or pivot tables. Alternatively, SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS) might be used to generate a report of the SQL query for display on an intranet page. Step 3: If these queries are run frequently, or business users want to explore data from multiple sources more freely, it may become necessary to create a new database structured for analysis rather than CRUD (create, retrieve, update, and delete). For example, data from more than one system — plus external information — may be incorporated into a data warehouse. This can become ‘one source of truth’ for the business’s operational activities. The warehouse will probably have a simple ‘star’ schema, with fact tables representing the measures to be analysed (e.g. unit sales, revenue) and dimension tables defining how this data is aggregated (e.g. by time, region or product). Reports can be generated from the warehouse with Excel, SSRS or other tools. Step 4: Not too long ago, Microsoft introduced an Excel plug-in, PowerPivot, which allows users to bring larger volumes of data into Excel documents and create links between multiple tables.  These BISM Tabular documents can be created by the database owners or other expert Excel users and viewed by anyone with Excel PowerPivot. Sometimes, business users may use PowerPivot to create reports directly from the primary database, bypassing the need for a data warehouse. This can introduce problems when there are misunderstandings of the database structure or no single ‘source of truth’ for key data. Step 5: Steps three or four are often enough to satisfy business intelligence needs, especially if users are sophisticated enough to work with the warehouse in Excel or SSRS. However, sometimes the relationships between data are too complex or the queries which aggregate across periods, regions etc are too slow. In these cases, it can be necessary to formalise how the data is analysed and pre-build some of the aggregations. To do this, a business intelligence professional will typically use SQL Server Analysis Services (SSAS) to create a multidimensional model — or “cube” — that more simply represents key measures and aggregates them across specified dimensions. Step five is where our tool, SSAS Compare, becomes useful, as it helps review and deploy changes from development to production. For us at Red Gate, the primary value of SSAS Compare is to establish a dialog with BI users, so we can develop a portfolio of products that support creation and deployment across a range of report and model types. For example, PowerPivot and the new BISM Tabular model create a potential customer base for tools that extend beyond BI professionals. We’re interested in learning where people are in this story, so we’ve created a six-question survey to find out. Whether you’re at step one or step five, we’d love to know how you use BI so we can decide how to build tools that solve your problems. So if you have a sixty seconds to spare, tell us on the survey!

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  • Weird glitches on Intel iGPU

    - by FrederikVds
    I have a weird problem that I can't manage to describe in one word, so I'm having trouble searching for a solution. My monitors sometimes go black for a tenth of a second. Other times, they show the image shifted a few centimeters to the left or to the right. This happens on both of my monitors, but not necessarily at the same time. I would say it happens about once a minute, unless under heavy load, in which case it can happen every second or so. Interestingly, heavy CPU/memory usage can also cause this, not just heavy GPU usage. This only happens when they are both at 1920x1080, not when one of them, or both, are at a lower resolution. It also happens when they are in mirrored mode instead of extended desktop mode. My GPU is obviously not at full clock speed most of the time: this happens at 350 MHz as well as at 1200 MHz. So it doesn't seem like a matter of too little performance. I'm not seeing any traditional artefacts, even when I use MSI Kombustor, only this kind of full-screen glitches. CPU stressing software isn't reporting any issues either. I'm thinking maybe the connection between my CPU and my PCH isn't fast enough, but I can't find anyone with the same problem to confirm that. I'd rather not invest in a discrete GPU without being certain it will fix something. Does anyone know how to search for this, or even better, does anyone have a solution? My full specs are below. Thanks in advance! Specs: ASUS P8Z77-M Intel Core i5-3570K (with Intel HD 4000 Graphics) 2x4 GB AMD Performance Edition memory Corsair Force 3 Series Rev. B 120GB SSD Maxtor 200GB HD Lite-On DVD-RW Antec 350 Watt PSU 64-bit Windows 7 Professional 2x Iiyama ProLite E2208HDS display

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  • Boot records messed on dual boot (win7 and ubuntu) machine with SSD and HDD

    - by Michael
    i have a lenovo ideapad y570 with two hard drives: SSD and normal HDD both managed by RapidDrive and windows 7 pre-installed. First, i have shrunk my 500 GB HDD a little bit to make some place for a linux installation. Then i installed linux mint 12 to it, also installed grub onto the drive (dev/sdb). Installation programm has not allowed me to install grub on sda. Then i replaced linux mint with ubuntu 12.04 but installed grub onto the SSD (which is dev/sda and was the default-option). After that i could boot into my windows, only ubuntu worked. So i did a research, and tried: rewriting mbr of windows into sda1, reinstalling grub, replacing grub2 with grub-legacy, and now i think my partitions table are totally messed. Here is fdisk -l output: ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 64.0 GB, 64023257088 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 7783 cylinders, total 125045424 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 411647 204800 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 411648 1009430959 504509656 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x5e5d1cc8 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 1979 884389887 442193954+ 12 Compaq diagnostics /dev/sdb2 884391934 976771071 46189569 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 884391936 937705471 26656768 83 Linux /dev/sdb6 937707520 967006207 14649344 83 Linux /dev/sdb7 967008256 976771071 4881408 82 Linux swap / Solaris I also cant mount any windows partitions to recover data. And when i open gparted, the whole sda-disk appears unallocated and it states "can not have a partition outside the disk!", also the end-sector address of /dev/sda2 confuses me. If i boot from the SSD, it throws some mbr error and wont boot, if i boot from the HDD, i only get the grub bash. How do i restore the partition tables? I can boot only from a live-cd at the machine. Thanks for any help.

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  • Is it a good Idea to switch to a SSD to use less battery?

    - by Walter Maier-Murdnelch
    I am thinking of buying a SSD for my laptop, mainly for the purpose of extended operating time when running on battery. At the moment I use a Hitachi HTS545032B9A300 (320GB) (Datasheet) as main drive and a Seagate Momentus 5400.3 120GB as secondary drive. I dualboot Windows and Linux but I don't need the windows partition any longer, a 120GB SDD would be more than sufficient space-wise. Speed is not an issue for me, I make heavy use of tmpfs (ramdrive) within Linux and transfers of bigger files are mainly through some network filesystem anyways, thus a cheaper SSD should do. For the purpose of comparison I chose the OCZ Vertex Plus 120GB. Power consumption always is a big promotional thing the industry uses to make me want to buy their SSDs, some sheet on the OCZ page provides an astonishing comparison of desktop HDDS and SSDs. The numbers I got comparing my laptop HDD and their SSD were not really astonishing any longer. Hitachi 320GB HDD: Startup (W, peak, max.) 4.5 Seek (W, avg.) 1.7 Read / Write (W, avg.) 1.4 Performance idle (W, avg.) 1.3 Active idle (W, avg.) 0.8 Low power idle (W, avg.) 0.5 Standby (W, avg.) 0.2 Sleep 0.1 OCZ 120GB SSD: 1.5W active 0.3W standby I see that there are differences, but actually they don't seem that high as I though they were. And compared to the power consuption of the rest of my system I wonder if it makes a difference at all. Have I just taken the wrong look at the whole thing or may I be better off to buy another battery for my laptop?

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  • Extend Linux Desktop to another X Windows Display

    - by unknown (google)
    Hello, I am a long time Linux user of the Xinerama and other technologies for extending a desktop to multiple monitors. However when I travel with my laptop I miss the multi-monitor support I enjoy at home. Recently I acquired a second laptop for a low price. Both laptops are running Fedora (versions 10 and 11 respectively). I use Gnome as my primary desktop environment. I know about synergy. I use synergy all the time to control the screen of other Windows / Linux systems I use. I would like to know, can I sit both my primary and secondary laptops together and achieve a Xinerama-like extended desktop environment? Ideally I would like to start a GNOME session on my primary laptop. And then start a X-Windows Desktop on my secondary laptop and extend my primary laptop's desktop onto it. I would like to be able to move Windows from the primary desktop to the secondary laptop desktop. Would I need to use synergy to do this with some other bit of X-Windows technology? Or is there X-Windows technology that will do all this for me? I am familiar with X Windows ability to display applications remotely. I am also familiar with Nomachine's NoX.

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  • Debian Wheezy (testing) df reported volume size

    - by TheRoadrunner
    I am a bit confused about the /dev/sda* references since I installed Wheezy instead of Squeeze on a testing box. fdisk -l returns: Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000e9623 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 480278527 240138240 83 Linux /dev/sda2 480280574 488396799 4058113 5 Extended /dev/sda5 480280576 488396799 4058112 82 Linux swap / Solaris This seems correct. But df -h /dev/sda (and /dev/sda1 and /dev/sda2 and /dev/sda5) returns: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 10M 0 10M 0% /dev The same happens with every entry under /dev/disk/by-id and /dev/disk/by-path. Only one of two entries under /dev/disk/by-uuid returns the correct volume size: df -h /dev/disk/by-uuid/cacdbad6-7e6b-4e80-84ba-e3c77ef48796 Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/disk/by-uuid/cacdbad6-7e6b-4e80-84ba-e3c77ef48796 229G 22G 196G 11% / Contents of /etc/fstab: # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=cacdbad6-7e6b-4e80-84ba-e3c77ef48796 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=45840d13-ee36-4e77-8e73-16cbdff25eb1 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/sr0 /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 /dev/fd0 /media/floppy0 auto rw,user,noauto 0 0 It seems all other references than the uuid points to the swap partition. Is this because Wheezy is in testing, and should it be reported as an error?

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  • What's a good solution for file-tagging in linux?

    - by julien
    I've been looking for a way to tag my files and search/filter them based on those tags. Here are my (updated) requirements : any file readable by the user can be tagged freely a user can search for files matching one or several tags files can be moved around without losing the previously associated tags the system could be backed up easily no dependencies on any desktop environment if any gui is involved, there must be a cli fallback I've been hoping for some basic filesystem & coreutils hackery to handle this, but I haven' thought about this hard enough yet. Meanwhile I'll review beagle and metatracker, which have been mentionned here, and see how they perform. Ok so beagle has huge gnome dependencies, and tracker is okish, but still has some dependencies I don't like... Been doing some more research, and the way to go could very well be extended file attributes. That's a native solution for most recent filesystems, but they aren't very well supported yet (most coreutils destroys them by default, cp for example needs the -a flag to preserve them). Would like to hear some thoughts on using them while I try my hand at some hacks myself, eventhough this might warrant a new question.

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  • Relayout LVM Disk

    - by Tom
    I have an Ubuntu 11.10 system with two 500GB disks. The partition tables look like this: /dev/sda1 primary 465.52GB /dev/sda2 extended 243.17MB -> /dev/sda5 logical 243.14MB /dev/sdb1 primary 465.76GB sda1 and sdb1 are in a single LVM physical volume group containing a single logical volume containing a single logical filesystem which is mounted as /. sda5 is mounted as /boot. The problem comes when I want to upgrade to Ubuntu 12.04, which requires at least 247MB free on /boot. So I need to reduce the size of sda1 so that I can increase the size of sda2 and sda5. How the heck do I do that? I can find how to shrink the logical volume group, but I'm not at all clear on how to clear out the end part of sda1 so that I can reduce the physical volume group. Does pvresize just deal with this automagically? Or is that wild wishful thinking? I guess the alternatives are to back everything up onto something or other and recreate the thing from scratch or find out whether GRUB2 supports using LVM for /boot.

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  • Unrelated Files Corrupted on System Restore

    - by Yar
    I restored OSX 10.6.2 today (was 10.6.3 and not booting) by copying the system over from a backup. The data directories were not touched. In the data directories, I'm seeing some files as 0 bytes, and getting permission-denied errors when copying, even when using sudo cp or the Finder itself. Some programs, differently, take the files at face value and see no permission problems (such as zip), but they see the files as zero bytes, which would be game-over for recovery. cp: .git/objects/fe/86b676974a44aa7f128a55bf27670f4a1073ca: could not copy extended attributes to /eraseme/blah/.git/objects/fe/86b676974a44aa7f128a55bf27670f4a1073ca: Operation not permitted I have tried sudo chown, sudo chmod -R 777 and sudo chflags -R nouchg which do not change the end result. Strangely, this is only affecting my .git directories (perhaps because they start with a period, but renaming them -- which works -- does not change anything). What else can I do to take ownership of these files? Edit: This question comes from StackOverflow because I originally thought it was a GIT problem. It's definitely not (just) GIT. Anyway, this is to help put some of the comments in context.

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  • Extending partition on linux gparted but not more space in the vm

    - by Asken
    I have a vm test installation of a linux running a build server. Unfortunately I just pressed ok when adding the disk and ended up with an 8gb drive to play with. Well into the test the builds are consuming more and more space, of course. The vm drive was resized to 21gb and using gparted I expanded the drive partitions and that all worked fine but when I go back into the console and do df there's still only 8gb available. How can I claim the other 13gb I added? fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 21.0 GB, 20971520000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2549 cylinders, total 40960000 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0006d284 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 499711 248832 83 Linux /dev/sda2 501758 40959999 20229121 5 Extended /dev/sda5 501760 40959999 20229120 8e Linux LVM vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name ct System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 19.29 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 4938 Alloc PE / Size 1977 / 7.72 GiB Free PE / Size 2961 / 11.57 GiB VG UUID MwiMAz-52e1-iGVf-eL4f-P5lq-FvRA-L73Sl3 lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/ct/root VG Name ct LV UUID Rfk9fh-kqdM-q7t5-ml6i-EjE8-nMtU-usBF0m LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 5.73 GiB Current LE 1466 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 252:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/ct/swap_1 VG Name ct LV UUID BLFaa6-1f5T-4MM0-5goV-1aur-nzl9-sNLXIs LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 2 LV Size 2.00 GiB Current LE 511 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 252:1

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