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Can't ping host from vmware guest using bridged networking

- by user199421

Host is Windows 7 Guest is Ubuntu 11.04 Network adapter is wireless I can ping other computers on the network but not the host. No firewall are involved. Sniffing the traffic with wireshark it looks like both the host and the guest are using the same MAC address. My guest simply doesn't receive a reply when asking for 192.168.1.101 (the host) My router has no problem giving both of them different IP addresses but maybe duplicate MAC address is the problem? It seems logical that both will have the same MAC address (from the host point of view) but it strange that there is no work around for this because otherwise I don't see how the host and guess are supposed to communicate.

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Changing default gateway on workstations connected to Windows Domain SBS server

- by Gary B2312321321

We have xp workstations connected onto a small business server acting as active directory/isa firewall/proxy (no dhcp). Is there a reason that after installing a 2nd firewall on the network (same subnet etc), that changing the default gateway on the workstations isnt sufficient to route inet traffic through the new firewall? A freshly setup linux box connects straight on to the alternate firewall with just ip, default gateway. dns settings. Will having ISA still active on the network confuse the process? Are there further config settings deeper down in windows that need attention? Any ideas pointers on this would be appreciated? Other info: Firewalls tried: Smoothwall and Ipcop; small ethernet netwoork 40 pcs; can ping to new firwalls from workstations; activating web proxy on new firewall and reconfiguring workstation browser works fine; Point of 2nd firewall is lack of some necessary features on ISA for a linux app; Would be nice to have some redundancy to though

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Broadcom NIC Teaming with Hyper-V R2

- by Brian McCleary

I have read a few contradictory articles regarding support or at least configuration with teaming of Broadcom NIC's and Hyper-V. I have a pair of Dell R805's with 4 Broadcom 5708 NIC's in them. I have teamed them up (one team for public connections and one for private connections) and I have installed Hyper-V. I am getting some intermittent connection issues though and I'm concerned that it might be due to the teaming. Basically I am wondering if anyone has successfully setup NIC teaming in the parent partition and used the teamed adapters through the Hyper-V switch. If so, what is the configuration/proper steps that you used to configure this. I have the server running Windows Server 2008 R2. Right now the server is in test mode, but my concern is that we won't see any issues until we move it into production and get some heavy traffic on the ports.

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Web server behind MikroTik and dynamic dns

- by danielrvt

I recently purchased a MikroTik router, it works great! However, I haven't been able to make my web server work from outside my lan I'll explain better: I have two domains in my disposal, before I switched to Mikrotik, the were working perfectly and all my websites were online. Since I changed the router, every time I try to access my websites from outside my lan, my websites can't be found. I have my websites domains associated with a dynamic dns provider, I managed to create a port forwarding rule to redirect all my incoming traffic from port 80 to my web server, and it works, but only when I'm connected to my MikroTik router. Is there something else I have to do? PD: I also created a static dns rule in my router with my domains to associate it to my webserver (which is behind my router) PD2: All I want is to redirect requests from outside to my webserver...

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Apache2 Segfault - need help interpreting this coredump (suspect cause is memcache / php session related)

- by WayneDV

Three Apache2 web servers running a PHP 5.2.3 web site. We're using Memcache to cache rendered pages but also as the storage engine of the PHP Sessions. At peak traffic times we're getting Apache segmentation faults on all three web servers and all HTTPD child processes segfault. My gut tells me that the increased Memcache traffic is stopping PHP sessions from being created or cleaned up and thus the processes die. Is it possible for someone to confirm that from the following? : #0 _zend_mm_free_int (heap=0x7fb67a075820, p=0x7fb67a011538) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/Zend/zend_alloc.c:2018 #1 0x00007fb665d02e82 in mmc_buffer_free (request=0x7fb67a011548) at /usr/src/debug/php-pecl-memcache-3.0.4/memcache-3.0.4/memcache_pool.c:50 #2 mmc_request_free (request=0x7fb67a011548) at /usr/src/debug/php-pecl-memcache-3.0.4/memcache-3.0.4/memcache_pool.c:169 #3 0x00007fb665d031ea in mmc_pool_free (pool=0x7fb67a00e458) at /usr/src/debug/php-pecl-memcache-3.0.4/memcache-3.0.4/memcache_pool.c:917 #4 0x00007fb665d0a2f1 in ps_close_memcache (mod_data=0x7fb66d625440) at /usr/src/debug/php-pecl-memcache-3.0.4/memcache-3.0.4/memcache_session.c:185 #5 0x00007fb66d1b0935 in php_session_save_current_state () at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/ext/session/session.c:625 #6 php_session_flush () at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/ext/session/session.c:1517 #7 0x00007fb66d1b0c1b in zm_deactivate_session (type=<value optimized out>, module_number=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/ext/session/session.c:2171 #8 0x00007fb66d2a719c in module_registry_cleanup (module=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/Zend/zend_API.c:2150 #9 0x00007fb66d2b1994 in zend_hash_reverse_apply (ht=0x7fb66d629d60, apply_func=0x7fb66d2a7180 <module_registry_cleanup>) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/Zend/zend_hash.c:755 #10 0x00007fb66d2a5c0d in zend_deactivate_modules () at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/Zend/zend.c:866 #11 0x00007fb66d2541b5 in php_request_shutdown (dummy=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/main/main.c:1607 #12 0x00007fb66d32e037 in php_apache_request_dtor (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/sapi/apache2handler/sapi_apache2.c:509 #13 php_handler (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/php-5.3.3/sapi/apache2handler/sapi_apache2.c:681 #14 0x00007fb6784166f0 in ap_run_handler (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/config.c:158 #15 0x00007fb678419f58 in ap_invoke_handler (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/config.c:372 #16 0x00007fb6784254f0 in ap_process_request (r=0x7fb67a229658) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/modules/http/http_request.c:282 #17 0x00007fb678422418 in ap_process_http_connection (c=0x7fb67a2193a8) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/modules/http/http_core.c:190 #18 0x00007fb67841e1b8 in ap_run_process_connection (c=0x7fb67a2193a8) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/connection.c:43 #19 0x00007fb678429f4b in child_main (child_num_arg=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/mpm/prefork/prefork.c:662 #20 0x00007fb67842a21a in make_child (s=0x7fb679cd7860, slot=153) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/mpm/prefork/prefork.c:758 #21 0x00007fb67842aea4 in perform_idle_server_maintenance (_pconf=<value optimized out>, plog=<value optimized out>, s=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/mpm/prefork/prefork.c:893 #22 ap_mpm_run (_pconf=<value optimized out>, plog=<value optimized out>, s=<value optimized out>) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/mpm/prefork/prefork.c:1097 #23 0x00007fb678402890 in main (argc=1, argv=0x7fff6fecacb8) at /usr/src/debug/httpd-2.2.15/server/main.c:740 PHP.INI Follows: [PHP] engine = On short_open_tag = On asp_tags = Off precision = 14 y2k_compliance = On output_buffering = 4096 zlib.output_compression = Off implicit_flush = Off unserialize_callback_func = serialize_precision = 100 allow_call_time_pass_reference = Off safe_mode = Off safe_mode_gid = Off safe_mode_include_dir = safe_mode_exec_dir = safe_mode_allowed_env_vars = PHP_ safe_mode_protected_env_vars = LD_LIBRARY_PATH disable_functions = disable_classes = expose_php = On max_execution_time = 30 max_input_time = 60 memory_limit = 128M error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_DEPRECATED display_errors = Off display_startup_errors = Off log_errors = Off log_errors_max_len = 1024 ignore_repeated_errors = Off ignore_repeated_source = Off report_memleaks = On track_errors = Off html_errors = Off variables_order = "GPCS" request_order = "GP" register_globals = Off register_long_arrays = Off register_argc_argv = Off auto_globals_jit = On post_max_size = 8M magic_quotes_gpc = Off magic_quotes_runtime = Off magic_quotes_sybase = Off auto_prepend_file = auto_append_file = default_mimetype = "text/html" doc_root = user_dir = enable_dl = Off file_uploads = On upload_max_filesize = 2M allow_url_fopen = On allow_url_include = Off default_socket_timeout = 60 [Date] [filter] [iconv] [intl] [sqlite] [sqlite3] [Pcre] [Pdo] [Phar] [Syslog] define_syslog_variables = Off [mail function] SMTP = localhost smtp_port = 25 sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i mail.add_x_header = On [SQL] sql.safe_mode = Off [ODBC] odbc.allow_persistent = On odbc.check_persistent = On odbc.max_persistent = -1 odbc.max_links = -1 odbc.defaultlrl = 4096 odbc.defaultbinmode = 1 [MySQL] mysql.allow_persistent = On mysql.max_persistent = -1 mysql.max_links = -1 mysql.default_port = mysql.default_socket = mysql.default_host = mysql.default_user = mysql.default_password = mysql.connect_timeout = 60 mysql.trace_mode = Off [MySQLi] mysqli.max_links = -1 mysqli.default_port = 3306 mysqli.default_socket = mysqli.default_host = mysqli.default_user = mysqli.default_pw = mysqli.reconnect = Off [PostgresSQL] pgsql.allow_persistent = On pgsql.auto_reset_persistent = Off pgsql.max_persistent = -1 pgsql.max_links = -1 pgsql.ignore_notice = 0 pgsql.log_notice = 0 [Sybase-CT] sybct.allow_persistent = On sybct.max_persistent = -1 sybct.max_links = -1 sybct.min_server_severity = 10 sybct.min_client_severity = 10 [bcmath] bcmath.scale = 0 [browscap] [Session] session.save_handler = files session.save_path = "/var/lib/php/session" session.use_cookies = 1 session.use_only_cookies = 1 session.name = PHPSESSID session.auto_start = 1 session.cookie_lifetime = 0 session.cookie_path = / session.cookie_domain = session.cookie_httponly = session.serialize_handler = php session.gc_probability = 1 session.gc_divisor = 1000 session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440 session.bug_compat_42 = Off session.bug_compat_warn = Off session.referer_check = session.entropy_length = 0 session.entropy_file = session.cache_limiter = nocache session.cache_expire = 180 session.use_trans_sid = 0 session.hash_function = 0 session.hash_bits_per_character = 5 url_rewriter.tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,input=src,form=fakeentry" [MSSQL] mssql.allow_persistent = On mssql.max_persistent = -1 mssql.max_links = -1 mssql.min_error_severity = 10 mssql.min_message_severity = 10 mssql.compatability_mode = Off mssql.secure_connection = Off [Assertion] [COM] [mbstring] [gd] [exif] [Tidy] tidy.clean_output = Off [soap] soap.wsdl_cache_enabled=1 soap.wsdl_cache_dir="/tmp" soap.wsdl_cache_ttl=86400 /etc/php.d/memcached.ini : session.save_path="tcp://memcache1:11211?persistent=1&weight=1&timeout=3&retry_interval=15"

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JMeter Stress testing

- by mcondiff

MAMP server hosting a Joomla instance. I'd like to hear the community's thoughts on the best way to stress test the server and find it's breaking point on concurrent users etc. Currently I have setup a test plan which I have going to the home page, grabbing the index.php, css, js and all images and have run tests on 1 to 100 users and a varying number of loops. What I'd like to know is how do I determine at what number of concurrent requests or looping requests is a good way to gauge if my server can handle the proposed increase in traffic? What is a good KB/sec, Throughput, Average, Max, Min via the Aggregate Report and at what number of threads/loops etc? I have googled and have not found immediate answers to these questions and thought to come here. More or less I have just used this http://jakarta.apache.org/jmeter/usermanual/jmeter_proxy_step_by_step.pdf to guide me and then I have been winging it in terms of Thread and Loop numbers. Any light shed on these subject would be much appreciated.

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RRAS VPN Server on Windows 2008 Behind NAT

- by Chris

Ok, so I have kind of a funky setup, let me see if I can describe it. I have a single VMware host with a public IP address 74.xx.xx.x Inside that host, I have 3 VM's Web Server - 1 NIC - 192.168.199.20 SQL Server - 1 NIC - 192.168.199.30 RRAS/VPN Server - 2 NICs 192.168.199.40 & 192.168.199.45 Due to Limitations of my ISP, all of the VM's are connected to the host VIA NAT. I have NAT setup for the webserver so all incoming requests on 74.xx.xx.x via port 80 route to 192.168.199.20. This works fine. Now I want to set up a Windows 2008 VPN server inside this NAT network and forward the correct traffic to it. My questions are as follows? What are the TCP/UDP ports that i have to forward? What special configuration is needed on the server and clients since this is behind a NAT Any other advice would be wonderful.

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iptables syn flood countermeasure

- by Penegal

I'm trying to adjust my iptables firewall to increase the security of my server, and I found something a bit problematic here : I have to set INPUT policy to ACCEPT and, in addition, to have a rule saying iptables -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT. Here comes my script (launched manually for tests) : #!/bin/sh IPT=/sbin/iptables echo "Clearing firewall rules" $IPT -F $IPT -Z $IPT -t nat -F $IPT -t nat -Z $IPT -t mangle -F $IPT -t mangle -Z $IPT -X echo "Defining logging policy for dropped packets" $IPT -N LOGDROP $IPT -A LOGDROP -j LOG -m limit --limit 5/min --log-level debug --log-prefix "iptables rejected: " $IPT -A LOGDROP -j DROP echo "Setting firewall policy" $IPT -P INPUT DROP # Deny all incoming connections $IPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT # Allow all outgoing connections $IPT -P FORWARD DROP # Deny all forwaring echo "Allowing connections from/to lo and incoming connections from eth0" $IPT -I INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $IPT -I OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT #$IPT -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT echo "Setting SYN flood countermeasures" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp -i eth0 --syn -m limit --limit 100/second --limit-burst 200 -j LOGDROP echo "Allowing outgoing traffic corresponding to already initiated connections" $IPT -A OUTPUT -p ALL -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT echo "Allowing incoming SSH" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -m recent --set --name SSH -j ACCEPT echo "Setting SSH bruteforce attacks countermeasures (deny more than 10 connections every 10 minutes)" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m recent --update --seconds 600 --hitcount 10 --rttl --name SSH -j LOGDROP echo "Allowing incoming traffic for HTTP, SMTP, NTP, PgSQL and SolR" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 123 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 5433 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 5433 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 8983 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 8983 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT echo "Allowing outgoing traffic for ICMP, SSH, whois, SMTP, DNS, HTTP, PgSQL and SolR" $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 43 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 53 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 80 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 5433 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 5433 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 8983 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 8983 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 5433 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --sport 5433 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 8983 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --sport 8983 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT echo "Allowing outgoing FTP backup" $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 20:21 -o eth0 -d 91.121.190.78 -j ACCEPT echo "Dropping and logging everything else" $IPT -A INPUT -s 0/0 -j LOGDROP $IPT -A OUTPUT -j LOGDROP $IPT -A FORWARD -j LOGDROP echo "Firewall loaded." echo "Maintaining new rules for 3 minutes for tests" sleep 180 $IPT -nvL echo "Clearing firewall rules" $IPT -F $IPT -Z $IPT -t nat -F $IPT -t nat -Z $IPT -t mangle -F $IPT -t mangle -Z $IPT -X $IPT -P INPUT ACCEPT $IPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT $IPT -P FORWARD ACCEPT When I launch this script (I only have a SSH access), the shell displays every message up to Maintaining new rules for 3 minutes for tests, the server is unresponsive during the 3 minutes delay and then resume normal operations. The only solution I found until now was to set $IPT -P INPUT ACCEPT and $IPT -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT, but this configuration does not protect me of any attack, which is a great shame for a firewall. I suspect that the error comes from my script and not from iptables, but I don't understand what's wrong with my script. Could some do-gooder explain me my error, please? EDIT: here comes the result of iptables -nvL with the "accept all input" ($IPT -P INPUT ACCEPT and $IPT -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT) solution : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 52 ACCEPT all -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp flags:0x17/0x02 limit: avg 100/sec burst 200 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 state NEW recent: SET name: SSH side: source 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 recent: UPDATE seconds: 600 hit_count: 10 TTL-Match name: SSH side: source 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:123 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:8983 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * lo 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 2 728 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:43 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 91.121.190.78 tcp dpts:20:21 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain LOGDROP (5 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 LOG all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 5/min burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 7 prefix `iptables rejected: ' 0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 EDIT #2 : I modified my script (policy ACCEPT, defining authorized incoming packets then logging and dropping everything else) to write iptables -nvL results to a file and to allow only 10 ICMP requests per second, logging and dropping everything else. The result proved unexpected : while the server was unavailable to SSH connections, even already established, I ping-flooded it from another server, and the ping rate was restricted to 10 requests per second. During this test, I also tried to open new SSH connections, which remained unanswered until the script flushed rules. Here comes the iptables stats written after these tests : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 600 35520 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 6 360 LOGDROP tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp flags:0x17/0x02 limit: avg 100/sec burst 200 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 STRING match "w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS." ALGO name bm TO 65535 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 STRING match "Host: anoticiapb.com.br" ALGO name bm TO 65535 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 STRING match "Host: www.anoticiapb.com.br" ALGO name bm TO 65535 105 8820 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 10/sec burst 5 830 69720 LOGDROP icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 state NEW recent: SET name: SSH side: source 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 recent: UPDATE seconds: 600 hit_count: 10 TTL-Match name: SSH side: source 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:123 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:443 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:8983 16 1684 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 600 35520 ACCEPT all -- * lo 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 owner UID match 33 0 0 LOGDROP udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 owner UID match 33 116 11136 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:43 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 91.121.190.18 tcp dpts:20:21 7 1249 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain LOGDROP (11 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 35 3156 LOG all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 1/sec burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 7 prefix `iptables rejected: ' 859 73013 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Here comes the log content added during this test : Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55666 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55667 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55668 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55669 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:52 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55670 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:54 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55671 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:58 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55672 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=6 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=7 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=8 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=9 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=59 Mar 28 09:53:00 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=152 Mar 28 09:53:01 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=246 Mar 28 09:53:02 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=339 Mar 28 09:53:03 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=432 Mar 28 09:53:04 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=524 Mar 28 09:53:05 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=617 Mar 28 09:53:06 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=711 Mar 28 09:53:07 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=804 Mar 28 09:53:08 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=897 Mar 28 09:53:16 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=61402 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57637 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:19 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=61403 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57637 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:21 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55674 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:25 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=61404 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57637 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:37 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=116 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55675 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:37 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=116 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55676 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:37 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55677 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:38 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55678 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:39 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55679 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:39 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=5055 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57638 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:41 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55680 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:42 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=5056 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57638 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:45 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55681 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:48 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=5057 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57638 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 If I correctly interpreted these results, they say that ICMP rules were correctly interpreted by iptables, but SSH rules were not. This does not make any sense... Does somebody understand where my error comes from? EDIT #3 : After some more tests, I found out that commenting the SYN flood countermeasure removes the problem. I continue researches in this way but, meanwhile, if somebody sees my anti SYN flood rule error...

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howto only tunnel specific hosts route through openvpn client on tomato

- by kcome

I am relatively newbie in networking world although I did coding and know some sysadmin background for a long time. and here I'm only one step from my destination. The whole picture is : at home I use one LinkSys E3000 as the gateway(don't know yet if this is it's name), wireless AP and no other routing/switching devices. It serves 1 PC and 1 Mac with LAN, 1 Mac Mini + 1 iPad + 2 smartphones with WIFI. My goal is use an openvpn client on the E3000 (with tomato firmware) and make my iPad and smartphone's all WiFi traffic through it, and other devices route remain the same non-openvpn route. So far I'm able to connect openvpn client on E3000 to an openvpn server, tunnel all my devices' all traffic through that openvpn connection. What's left is howto selectively route by source IP (at least in my guessing) to the tunnel while don't bother others. I had learned some 'iptables' and 'route' in past few days however without much luck, so here comes my question. Here are some info which will help you get the structure. ifconfig -a output, some useless lines striped, and in the web interface C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:28 is WAN, C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:27 is LAN, C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:29 is 2.4G wifi AP, C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:2A is 5G wifi AP. root@router:/tmp/home/root# ifconfig -a br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:27 inet addr:192.168.1.1 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:27 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:29 UP BROADCAST RUNNING ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:2A UP BROADCAST RUNNING ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host ppp0 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol inet addr:172.200.1.43 P-t-P:172.200.0.1 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1480 Metric:1 vlan1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:27 UP BROADCAST RUNNING ALLMULTI MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 vlan2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:28 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 wl0.1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr C0:C1:C0:1A:E0:29 BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 brctl show output root@router:/tmp/home/root# brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br0 8000.c0c1c01ae027 no vlan1 eth1 eth2 before openvpn route-up script root@router:/tmp/home/root# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 172.200.0.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo 0.0.0.0 172.200.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ppp0 openvpn server push PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REPLY,redirect-gateway,dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8,route 172.20.0.1,topology net30,ping 10,ping-restart 120,ifconfig 172.20.0.6 172.20.0.5' openvpn's stock route-up script Apr 24 14:52:06 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/ifconfig tun11 172.20.0.6 pointopoint 172.20.0.5 mtu 1500 Apr 24 14:52:08 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/route add -net 72.14.177.29 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 172.200.0.1 Apr 24 14:52:08 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/route add -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 128.0.0.0 gw 172.20.0.5 Apr 24 14:52:08 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/route add -net 128.0.0.0 netmask 128.0.0.0 gw 172.20.0.5 Apr 24 14:52:08 router daemon.notice openvpn[1768]: /sbin/route add -net 172.20.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.255 gw 172.20.0.5 route after openvpn root@router:/tmp/home/root# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 172.20.0.5 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun11 72.14.177.29 172.200.0.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 ppp0 172.200.0.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0 172.20.0.1 172.20.0.5 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 tun11 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0 127.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 lo 0.0.0.0 172.20.0.5 128.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tun11 128.0.0.0 172.20.0.5 128.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tun11 0.0.0.0 172.200.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ppp0 something I had noticed and tried: * on the web interface of openvpn client there is an option "Create NAT on tunnel", if i check this, there is the following script (probably executed after openvpn connection established) root@router:/tmp/home/root# cat /tmp/etc/openvpn/fw/client1-fw.sh #!/bin/sh iptables -I INPUT -i tun11 -j ACCEPT iptables -I FORWARD -i tun11 -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0 -o tun11 -j MASQUERADE if i uncheck this option, the last line will not appear. Then I guess probably the my issue will be solved by iptables and NAT related commands, I just haven't got enough knowledge to figure them out. I tried run iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -s 192.168.1.6 -o tun11 -j MASQUERADE manually after openvpn connected (192.168.1.6 is the ip address of my iPad), then my iPad get internet with openvpn tunnel, however all other devices can't reach internet. in case if needed, here is the iptables about NAT root@router:/tmp/home/root# iptables -t nat -L -n Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination DROP all -- 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.0/24 WANPREROUTING all -- 0.0.0.0/0 172.200.1.43 upnp all -- 0.0.0.0/0 172.200.1.43 Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination MASQUERADE all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 SNAT all -- 192.168.1.0/24 192.168.1.0/24 to:192.168.1.1 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain WANPREROUTING (1 references) target prot opt source destination DNAT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 to:192.168.1.1 Chain upnp (1 references) target prot opt source destination DNAT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:5353 to:192.168.1.3:5353 Thanks in advance for helping and read this so much, I hope i made every info you need to give a help :)

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OpenVPN make redirect-gateway optional

- by Tuinslak

Hi there, I'm currently running an OpenVPN server for multiple clients. All traffic is directed through the VPN (it's set up as gateway; push "redirect-gateway def1"). So far, all is working fine. However, I'd like to connect a couple of servers to this virtual private network, without these servers using the OVPN daemon as gateway. These servers have to be accessible from both their WAN as well as their LAN IP address. Certain services will be accessible only from the LAN side. Is there any way, for a client, to ignore the push redirect-gateway option? Kind regards, Tuinslak

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Restrict iPhone messaging to corprate osx server messaging service

- by Vincent

I have not found much information about this. We have company owned iPhone and iPads. We would like our employees to be able to message but require all messaging traffic to go through our local mountain lion osx server (not setup yet). How would the phones and server need to be configured to accomplish this. Specifically is it possible to restrict the user from adding additional accounts? How about another app that would use the server? Do you know of any good documentation on setting up this service on osx server and iPhone? I am open to other solutions, opensource messaging servers.....

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Should I host my site on my own hardware for streaming media site?

- by Reddy S R

Hi, We are developing a new movie review site, more or less similar to RottenTomatoes. Now since there will be a lot of streaming of movie trailers and we are expecting medium traffic, do you think 3rd party web hosting will cost a lot? Should we rather go for our own hardware server software? We expect around 10GB of streaming to happen per month from 2 - 6 months of web site launch. Less before and more after that period. What do you suggest? Thanks Sridhar Reddy

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Reverse proxy with SSL and IP passthrough?

- by Paul

Turns out that the IP of a much-needed new website is blocked from inside our organization's network for reasons that will take weeks to fix. In the meantime, could we set up a reverse proxy on an Internet-based server which will forward SSL traffic and perhaps client IPs to the external site? Load will be light. No need to terminate SSL on the proxy. We may be able to poison DNS so original URL can work. How do I learn if I need URL rewriting? Squid/apache/nginx/something else? Setup would be fastest on Win 2000, but other OSes are OK if that would help. Simple and quick are good since it's a temporary solution. Thanks for your thoughts!

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What's the performance on USB docking stations, and can they be used when laptop is closed?

- by David

I'm looking into a docking station for a Dell Studio laptop. I don't see the traditional docking stations I'm familiar with - the kind (for a Dell Latitude, for example) where you sit the laptop on top of a long row of pins. Instead, I'm seeing a lot of USB docking stations. When I close my laptop, I want it to go into sleep mode. If I then connect a USB docking station to the laptop while it's closed, will it wake up? What's the performance on USB 2.0 docking stations with a new Dell Studio? Can all of the video and internet traffic really go through a USB 2.0 connection while still providing the best video frame rates and internet speeds? When you undock, I assume you'd have to use the "Safely Remove Hardware" feature in Windows. Will that successfully 'remove' everything attached to the docking station - external drives, thumb drives, etc?

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Setup Cisco RVS4000 QOS for VOIP

- by andyknas

Just switched from dedicated T1's with analog phone lines to cable modem with 10/2 uplink. We're having some VOIP call quality issues on the outgoing side when bandwidth is stressed and I need to setup QOS or a VLAN on our RVS4000 router. Currently all phone traffic (talkswitch device and ip phones) are on it's own d-link PoE switch, and all workstations are on a LinkSys 1GB switch. Both switches are plugged into ports on the RVS4000. I'd like to set it up so that the dlink port has ~512Mbsp dedicated to it for voice at all times. It's my understanding that with a VLAN or QOS I can set this up. I've got QOS setup already with port 5060 to have high priority but it doesn't seem to make a difference.

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Apache error_log repeated attempts to access forum.php

- by bMon

About every two seconds I am getting: [Sat Feb 19 19:00:01 2011] [error] [client 69.239.204.217] script '/var/www /html/forum.php' not found or unable to stat [Sat Feb 19 19:00:04 2011] [error] [client 69.239.204.217] File does not exist: /var/www/html/404.shtml ..in my /var/log/httpd/error_log file. Sometimes the request will be for forum_asp.php. I'm assuming its a bot trying to access insecure forum files, but I'm not so sure since it appears each is a unique IP and not just a few rouge IPs hitting it consecutively. And whois results of the ip's aren't all the classic ISP in Russia or China, they are more end user address (comcast, etc). Any insight into whats going on here would be appreciated. Also, any techniques people use to do a "live monitor" of web traffic would be appreciated. Right now I'm doing a: tail -f error_log Thanks.

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scalability: when to use CDN?

- by ajsie

i've read about CDN but dont know exactly what it is for. lets say i've got an international social network (text and image content), and it's growing in traffic from different countries, do i have use of CDN? the picture i got from the sources i've read is that it copy your content and put it in many servers spread out over the world so that users will fetch it from the nearest point. does this mean that every server has a copy of my mysql database and the image files? is this the proper way to make your web service available for the world? cause how else could you set up a servers through out the world, contacting hosting companies for each country?

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What's a good, affortable ruter that will not give me problems when downloading torrents?

- by Lirik

I found several routers on newegg and they're in the $50-60 range, but I'm not sure if they'll handle the number of connections that are created when downloading torrents (100-300 seeds and around 50 peers). My roommate watches netflix movies, my brother and I download torrents, so my NETGEAR router ends up choking on the traffic and I have to restart it quite frequently. I've already posted a couple of questions on the topic and I've come to the conclusion that I need a new router. What are some routers that I should consider (my budget is in the $50 range)?

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Mysql out of disk space

- by Paddy

I have just finished developing a rails app which has a mysql db as a backend. The app is meant for high traffic and will store lots of information. I am planning to set up my own web server and host the site from it. If in future my disk space runs out i would want to expand by adding more space. But say if my mysql database is housed in my /disk0s1 and by adding a new drive i have more partitions (and hence more disk space), how then would i extend my database to store information on those partitions too, and at the same time prevent any information from being written on the original partition. Should i go for multiple databases? if so how? If i went for a hosting solution i wouldn't be bothering about this as i would just have to worry about making payments for the extra space :) I always wondered how space is added on-the-go by these webhosts. Is there any specific mysql configuration that i have to make?

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Linked vSphere servers preventing cloning?

- by brian

I've currently got a pair of vSphere5 standard servers (physical, not VAs) managing about a hundred ESX 4.1 and 5 hosts in two different physical and logical datacenters. With our last purchase, we bought another vSphere license for the new vS server. I unmanaged all the ESX servers in one datacenter and added them to new vSphere server. Our previous single-vS-server layout used to be: -vSphere1 --Datacenter1 (where the physical ESX host was located) ---Folder ----ESX server1 --Datacenter2 ---Folder ----ESX server2 Now it looks like -vSphere1 --Datacenter1 ---Folder ----ESX server1 -vSphere2 (new vSphere server) --Datacenter2 ---Folder ----ESX server2 ESX server2 was removed from vSphere1's inventory and added to vSphere2's, so it is now managed by vSphere2. This is nice and all, as no vSphere <-- ESX management traffic leaves the physical datacenter, except for one huge oversight: when I go to clone a VM, the opposite vSphere server (and thus other datacenter) does not show up in the list on the first page of the wizard. Is this a bug, a license limitation, or is it just simply not possible to clone a VM from an ESX box managed by one vS server to another ESX box managed by a /different/ vS server?

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How to troubleshoot a remote wmi query/access failure?

- by Roman

Hi I'm using Powershell to query a remote computer in a domain for a wmi object, eg: "gwmi -computer test -class win32_bios". I get this error message: Value does not fall within the expected range Executing the query local under the same user works fine. It seems to happen on both windows 2003 and also 2008 systems. The user that runs the shell has admin rights on the local and remote server. I checked wmi and dcom permissions as far as I know how to do this, they seem to be the same on a server where it works, and another where it does not. I think it is not a network issue, all ports are open that are needed, and it also happens within the same subnet. When sniffing the traffic we see the following errors: RPC: c/o Alter Cont Resp: Call=0x2 Assoc Grp=0x4E4E Xmit=0x16D0 Recv=0x16D0 Warning: GssAPIMechanism is not found, either caused by not reassembled, conversation off or filtering. And an errormessage from Kerberos: Kerberos: KRB_ERROR - KDC_ERR_BADOPTION (13) The option code in the packet is 0x40830000 Any idea what I should look into?

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Bluehost: 1 Minute Delays?

- by feklee

On Bluehost shared hosting (Apache 2.2 + FastCGI + APC), I have the problem that some requests take almost exactly one minute to respond. Yet time spent in PHP is only two seconds. To demonstrate the issue, I created a temporary test page. Sample output: When asking Bluehost support about the issue, I got the following reply: “the fastcgi process don't stay running they will only stay running for a certan period which would explain the timeouts you are seeing it traffic would spawn new ones. [...]” I understand that spawning new FastCGI processes takes some time. But almost exactly one minute? That must be some timeout. But which timeout may that be? What I want in the end: No request should take longer than five seconds to respond, even if it fails. When I asked Bluehost support to set the Apache TimeOut directive accordingly, they told me: “we do not modify the Apache Config File even on a virtual host level.”

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Linux networking "jail" for a single process

- by halp

I need to tune up a networking app for network specific things like: make it use a DNS server different than the default one from /etc/resolv.conf make sure it does not try to connect to certain hosts/ports using tcp/udp connections I know I can get away with just modifying /etc/resolv.conf and writing some iptables rules, but going for a default DENY firewall policy for outgoing IP packets can trigger malfunctions in other services running on the server. I know I can set up a virtual machine with a whole OS and run my app there, but it seems a bit overkill. Is it possible to have a networking "jail" for a single app (think single Linux process) that could accept iptables-like rules for network traffic (think in terms of IP packets and above) allowed to and from this particular app? Maybe this is achievable through some dynamically loaded library that can deal with the networking layer, the same manner tsocks does, but more fine-grained?

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How can Bonjour be setup to function over a VPN connection using Mac OS X — Mountain Lion Server?

- by Ben Coppock

I purchased Mountain Lion Server for our office thinking that Bonjour would automatically enable any computers connected via VPN to see all computers and applications (such as Bento) running on the office network. The hope was that those of us working at home would feel just like we were in the office, with all network services working transparently over the VPN connection. However, I see that Bonjour (aka mDNS) is not enabled to work over the VPN by default. Can I configure Mountain Lion Server to automatically pass Bonjour traffic over the VPN? Is there any reason not to do this?

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HAProxy authenticated httpchk (health check)

- by Markel

I am using HAProxy on EC2 and using httpchk to manage node availability. I had used a pseudo-unique path as the health check route in an attempt to make sure only my servers responded to the health check. Earlier today I had an EC2 server fall out of existence, and before the haproxy config was auto-regenerated (controller issues), Amazon had reassigned the IP to someone whom 200's every request (honeypot?), my HAProxy host then pulled the server back into rotation and started distributing some of my traffic there until the controller recovered and removed the ip from the list. TLDR; Is there a way to add a server authentication method to HAProxy's httpchk?

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