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  • Reinstall after a Root Compromise?

    - by Zoredache
    After reading this question on a server compromise, I started to wonder why people continue to seem to believe that they can recover a compromised system using detection/cleanup tools, or by just fixing the hole that was used to compromise the system. Given all the various root kit technologies and other things a hacker can do most experts suggest you should reinstall the operating system. I am hoping to get a better idea why more people don't just take off and nuke the system from orbit. Here are a couple points, that I would like to see addressed. Are there conditions where a format/reinstall would not clean the system? Under what types conditions do you think a system can be cleaned, and when must you do a full reinstall? What reasoning do you have against doing a full reinstall? If you choose not to reinstall, then what method do you use to be reasonably confident you have cleaned and prevented any further damage from happening again.

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  • Packet sniffing a webserver

    - by Shawn Mclean
    I have a homework in which I should explain how I would break into a server, retrieve a file and cover my tracks. My main question: is there a way to packet sniff a remote web server? Other information would be appreciated on covering tracks.

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  • What are some topics you'd like to see covered in an 'Introduction to Network Security' book?

    - by seth.vargo
    I'm trying to put together a list of topics in Network Security and prioritize them accordingly. A little background on the book - we are trying to gear the text towards college students, as an introduction to security, and toward IT professionals who have recently been tasked with securing a network. The idea is to create a book that covers the most vital and important parts of securing a network with no assumptions. So, if you were a novice student interested in network security OR an IT professional who needed a crash course on network security, what topics do you feel would be of the upmost importance in such a text?

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  • Router/Security question: Am I hacked?

    - by IVR Avenger
    Hi, all. I've noticed that my home broadband speed seems to be a bit slow in recent days. I noticed, last night, that my Wireless Router had given a DHCP lease to a public IP address with an odd formation; something like 111.10.11.110. Should I consider these warning sings of my ZyXEL router being compromised in some way? Thanks, IVR Avenger

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  • What are the attack vectors for passwords sent over http?

    - by KevinM
    I am trying to convince a customer to pay for SSL for a web site that requires login. I want to make sure I correctly understand the major scenarios in which someone can see the passwords that are being sent. My understanding is that at any of the hops along the way can use a packet analyzer to view what is being sent. This seems to require that any hacker (or their malware/botnet) be on the same subnet as any of the hops the packet takes to arrive at its destination. Is that right? Assuming some flavor of this subnet requirement holds true, do I need to worry about all the hops or just the first one? The first one I can obviously worry about if they're on a public Wifi network since anyone could be listening in. Should I be worried about what's going on in subnets that packets will travel across outside this? I don't know a ton about network traffic, but I would assume it's flowing through data centers of major carriers and there's not a lot of juicy attack vectors there, but please correct me if I am wrong. Are there other vectors to be worried about outside of someone listening with a packet analyzer? I am a networking and security noob, so please feel free to set me straight if I am using the wrong terminology in any of this.

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  • Have you ever used kon-boot?

    - by Ctrl Alt D-1337
    Has anyone here ever used kon-boot? I guess it may work because of the few blog posts about it but I feel kinda concerned and am interested at hearing experiences from anyone who have used multiple times with no side effects. I am slightly worried for any direct memory altering it tries to do. I am also worried if this will do its job fine to hide the fact it puts in a low level trojan or if the author planned to do anything like that in a future release as it looks like closed source from the site. Also I don't intend to gain illegal access but I find these sort of things very useful for my box of live discs I take every where, just in case. OT: Other question that me be of interest to readers here

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  • IIS 7.5 website application pool with full administrator permissions hackable?

    - by Caroline Beltran
    Although I would never do this, I would like to know how a static html website with the permission mentioned in the title could be compromised. In my humble opinion, I would guess that this would pose no threat since a web visitor has no way to upload/edit/delete anything. What if the site was a simple PHP website that simply displayed ‘hello world’? What if this PHP site had a contact us form that was properly sanitized? Thank you

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  • clam anti-virus is slowing down my server performance

    - by Scarface
    Hey guys, I just installed clam av http://sourceforge.net/projects/php-clamav/ for scanning file uploads on my linux VPN running php. The problem is that for some reason just initiating the extension in the php ini file slows down my entire network. Regular requests such as changing pages that should take less than 1 second take 5. Has anyone ever experienced this before or have a good virus scanning alternative for scanning file uploads? extension=clamav.so [clamav] clamav.dbpath="/usr/share/clamav" clamav.keeptmp=20 clamav.maxreclevel=16 clamav.maxfiles=10000 clamav.maxfilesize=26214400 clamav.maxscansize=104857600 clamav.keeptmp=0

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  • I got these strange messages on my websites feedback form?

    - by Ali
    Hi guys - I got all of a sudden a number of strange feedback messages from my sites feedback form its where normally users would come and enter feedback and then I would review it on an admin panel. However these messages make little to no sense like for an example: here are two 'messages': 2GyOim <a href=\"http://vdjzpnoyzfji.com/\">vdjzpnoyzfji</a>, [url=http://gixlpbtswcdh.com/]gixlpbtswcdh[/url], [link=http://zudauexgjgot.com/]zudauexgjgot[/link], http://vqhafprwogyf.com/ jF2wdU <a href=\"http://aprjkscbhnxf.com/\">aprjkscbhnxf</a>, [url=http://dhfeoqufoqvu.com/]dhfeoqufoqvu[/url], [link=http://whmzpbqrsume.com/]whmzpbqrsume[/link], http://xxfntqzhhbza.com/ I got about over a dozen of these - and they are all from very different ips is someone playing around and is it a cause for me to get vigilant?

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  • Using MS Anti XSS library for sanitizing HTML

    - by user102533
    In the intent of preventing XSS attacks, I am updating a page in which we have a textbox that accepts HTML, stores it in a database and retrieves and renders it at a later time. My understanding is that I can sanitize the HTML using AntiXSS.GetSafeHtmlFragment() method. As long as I do this before storing the HTML in the database, am I covered? Do I need to do anything when the HTML is outputted on a web page? Also, it appears that the white list is kind of a black box. Is there a way to update this based on our requirements?

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  • hosts.deny not blocking ip addresses

    - by Jamie
    I have the following in my /etc/hosts.deny file # # hosts.deny This file describes the names of the hosts which are # *not* allowed to use the local INET services, as decided # by the '/usr/sbin/tcpd' server. # # The portmap line is redundant, but it is left to remind you that # the new secure portmap uses hosts.deny and hosts.allow. In particular # you should know that NFS uses portmap! ALL:ALL and this in /etc/hosts.allow # # hosts.allow This file describes the names of the hosts which are # allowed to use the local INET services, as decided # by the '/usr/sbin/tcpd' server. # ALL:xx.xx.xx.xx , xx.xx.xxx.xx , xx.xx.xxx.xxx , xx.x.xxx.xxx , xx.xxx.xxx.xxx but i am still getting lots of these emails: Time: Thu Feb 10 13:39:55 2011 +0000 IP: 202.119.208.220 (CN/China/-) Failures: 5 (sshd) Interval: 300 seconds Blocked: Permanent Block Log entries: Feb 10 13:39:52 ds-103 sshd[12566]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root Feb 10 13:39:52 ds-103 sshd[12567]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root Feb 10 13:39:52 ds-103 sshd[12568]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root Feb 10 13:39:52 ds-103 sshd[12571]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root Feb 10 13:39:53 ds-103 sshd[12575]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root whats worse is csf is trying to auto block these ip's when the attempt to get in but although it does put ip's in the csf.deny file they do not get blocked either So i am trying to block all ip's with /etc/hosts.deny and allow only the ip's i use with /etc/hosts.allow but so far it doesn't seem to work. right now i'm having to manually block each one with iptables, I would rather it automatically block the hackers in case I was away from a pc or asleep

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  • I got these strange messages on my websites feedback form? Is someone trying to hack my site?

    - by Ali
    Hi guys - I got all of a sudden a number of strange feedback messages from my sites feedback form its where normally users would come and enter feedback and then I would review it on an admin panel. However these messages make little to no sense like for an example: here are two 'messages': 2GyOim <a href=\"http://vdjzpnoyzfji.com/\">vdjzpnoyzfji</a>, [url=http://gixlpbtswcdh.com/]gixlpbtswcdh[/url], [link=http://zudauexgjgot.com/]zudauexgjgot[/link], http://vqhafprwogyf.com/ jF2wdU <a href=\"http://aprjkscbhnxf.com/\">aprjkscbhnxf</a>, [url=http://dhfeoqufoqvu.com/]dhfeoqufoqvu[/url], [link=http://whmzpbqrsume.com/]whmzpbqrsume[/link], http://xxfntqzhhbza.com/ I got about over a dozen of these - and they are all from very different ips is someone playing around and is it a cause for me to get vigilant? Also they all have the exact same time and date of entry which is spooky?

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  • Ubuntu Server attack? how to solve?

    - by saky
    Hello, Something (Someone) is sending out UDP packets sent from our whole ip range. This seems to be multicast DNS. Our server host provided this (Our IP Address is masked with XX): Jun 3 11:02:13 webserver kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:00:30:48:94:46:c4:08:00 SRC=193.23X.21X.XX DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=73 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=53 Jun 3 11:02:23 webserver kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:00:30:48:94:46:c4:08:00 SRC=193.23X.21X.XX DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=73 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=53 Jun 3 11:02:32 webserver kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:00:30:48:94:46:c4:08:00 SRC=193.23X.21X.XX DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=73 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=53 Jun 3 11:02:35 webserver kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:00:30:48:94:46:c4:08:00 SRC=193.23X.21X.XX DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=73 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=53 I checked my /var/log/auth.log file and found out that someone from China (Using ip-locator) was trying to get in to the server using ssh. ... Jun 3 11:32:00 server2 sshd[28511]: Failed password for root from 202.100.108.25 port 39047 ssh2 Jun 3 11:32:08 server2 sshd[28514]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.100.108.25 user=root Jun 3 11:32:09 server2 sshd[28514]: Failed password for root from 202.100.108.25 port 39756 ssh2 Jun 3 11:32:16 server2 sshd[28516]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.100.108.25 user=root ... I have blocked that IP address using this command: sudo iptables -A INPUT -s 202.100.108.25 -j DROP However, I have no clue about the UDP multicasting, what is doing this? who is doing it? and how I can stop it? Anyone know?

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  • Exploratory Question for Security Admins (/etc/passwd + PHP)

    - by JPerkSter
    Hi everyone, I've been seeing a few issues lately on a few of my servers where an account gets hacked via outdated scripts, and the hacker uploads a cPanel / FTP Brute forcing PHP script inside the account. The PHP File reads /etc/passwd to get the usernames, and than uses a passwd.txt file to try and brute force it's way in to 127.0.0.1:2082. I'm trying to think of a way to block this. It doesn't POST anything except "GET /path/phpfile.php", so I can't use mod_security to block this. I've been thinking of maybe changing permissions on /etc/passwd to 600, however I'm unsure how this will result in regards to my users. I was also thinking of rate-limiting localhost connections to :2082, however I'm worried about mod_proxy being affected. Any suggestions?

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  • jQuery fadeIn leaves text not anti-aliased in IE7

    - by cdillon
    Why does this happen? Any workarounds? Example: http://chrisdillon.us/jquery_fadein_problem1.html jQuery: $(function() { $('p.quote').fadeIn(2000); }); HTML: <p>someone said:</p> <p class="quote">&ldquo;lorem ipsum&rdquo;</p> <p>someone else said:</p> <p class="quote" style="display: none;">&ldquo;magna carta&rdquo;</p>

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  • Blocking HTTP clients which request certain URLs repeatedly

    - by Guido Domenici
    I run a website on Windows Server 2008 R2. Looking through the IIS logs, I have noticed that there are some IP addresses repeatedly requesting certain URLs (such as for example /mysql/phpmyadmin/main.php, /phpadmin/main.php) which do not exist, as the site is entirely served off of ASP.NET. They are obviously fishing for known vulnerabilities. My question is, are there any firewall or other tools (Windows built-in or commercial) that allow me to block those IP addresses which request certain URLs multiple times?

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  • Registry remotley hacked win 7 need help tracking the perp

    - by user577229
    I was writing some .VBS code at thhe office that would allow certain file extensions to be downloaded without a warning dialog on a w7x32 system. The system I was writing this on is in a lab on a segmented subnet. All web access is via a proxy server. The only means of accessing my machine is via the internet or from within the labs MSFT AD domain. While writing and testing my code I found a message of sorts. Upon refresing the registry to verify my code changed a dword, instead the message HELLO was written and visible in regedit where the dword value wass called for. I took a screen shot and proceeded to edit my code. This same weird behavior occurred last time I was writing registry code except on another internal server. I understand that remote registry access exists for windows systems. I will block this immediately once I return to the office. What I want to know is, can I trace who made this connection? How would I do this? I suspect the cause of this is the cause of other "odd" behaviors I'm experiencing at work such as losing control of my input director master control for over an hour and unchanged code that all of a sudden fails for no logical region. These failures occur at funny times, whenver I'm about to give a demonstration of my test code. I know this sounds crazy however knowledge of the registry component makes this believable. Once the registry can be accessed, the entire system is compromised. Any help or sanity checking is appreciated.

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  • SMTP hacked by spammer using base64 encoding to authenticate

    - by Throlkim
    Over the past day we've detected someone from China using our server to send spam email. It's very likely that he's using a weak username/password to access our SMTP server, but the problem is that he appears to be using base64 encoding to prevent us from finding out which account he's using. Here's an example from the maillog: May 5 05:52:15 195396-app3 smtp_auth: SMTP connect from (null)@193.14.55.59.broad.gz.jx.dynamic.163data.com.cn [59.55.14.193] May 5 05:52:15 195396-app3 smtp_auth: smtp_auth: SMTP user info : logged in from (null)@193.14.55.59.broad.gz.jx.dynamic.163data.com.cn [59.55.14.193] Is there any way to detect which account it is that he's using?

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  • Is my webserver being abused for banking fraud?

    - by koffie
    Since a few weeks i'm getting a lot of 403 errors from apache in my log files that seem to be related to a bank frauding scheme. The relevant log entries look like this (The ip 1.2.3.4 is one I made up, I did not modify the rest of each line) www.bradesco.com.br:80 / 1.2.3.4 - - [01/Dec/2012:07:20:32 +0100] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 403 427 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11" www.bb.com.br:80 / 1.2.3.4 - - [01/Dec/2012:07:20:32 +0100] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 403 370 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11" www.santander.com.br:80 / 1.2.3.4 - - [01/Dec/2012:07:20:33 +0100] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 403 370 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11" www.banese.com.br:80 / 1.2.3.4 - - [01/Dec/2012:07:20:33 +0100] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 403 370 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11" the logformat I use is: LogFormat "%V:%p %U %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" The strange thing is that all these domains are domains of banks and 3 out of the 4 domains are also in the list of the bank frauding scheme described on: http://www.abuse.ch/?p=2925 I would really like to know if my server is being abused for bank frauding or not. I suspect not, because it's giving 403 to all requests. But any extra checks that I can do to ensure that my server is not being abused are welcome. I'm also curious on how the "bad guys" expected my server to behave. I.e. are they just expecting my server to act as a proxy to hide the ip of the fake site, or are they expecting that my server will actually serve the fake banking website? Is the ip 1.2.3.4 more likely to be the ip of a victim or the ip of a bad guy. I suspect a bad guy, because it's quite unlikely that a real person would visit 4 bank sites in a second. If it's from a bad guy I'm very curious at what he is trying to do.

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  • My URL has been identified as a phishing site

    - by user2118559
    Some months before ordered VPS at Ramnode According to tutorial (ZPanelCP on CentOS 6.4) http://www.zvps.co.uk/zpanelcp/centos-6 Installed CentOS and ZPanel) Today received email We are requesting that you secure and investigate the phishing website identified below. This URL has been identified as a phishing site and is currently involved in identity theft activities. URL: hxxp://111.11.111.111/www.connet-itunes.fr/iTunesConnect.woasp/ //IP is modified (not real) This site is being used to display false or spoofed content in an apparent effort to steal personal and financial information. This matter is URGENT. We believe that individuals are being falsely directed to this page and may be persuaded into divulging personal information to a criminal, if the content is not immediately disabled. Trying to understand. Some hacker hacked VPS, placed some file (?) with content that redirects to www.connet-itunes.fr/iTunesConnect.woasp? Then questions 1) how can I find the file? Where it may be located? url is URL: hxxp://111.11.111.111/ IP address, not domain name 2) What to do to protect VPS (with CentOS)? Any tutorial? Where may be security problem? I mean may be someone faced something similar....

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  • What is the ip range of EC2

    - by Nicolas Kassis
    I'd like to setup a rule to block ssh request from EC2 since I've been seeing a large amount of ssh based attack from there and was wondering if anyone knew what their IP ranges are. EDIT: Thank you for the answer, I went ahead and implemented the iptables rules as follow. I ignore all traffic for the moment. Logging it just to see if the rules are working and for stats on how much crap EC2 is sending out ;) #EC2 Blacklist $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 67.202.0.0/18 -j LOG --log-prefix "<firewall> EC2 traffic " $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 67.202.0.0/18 -j DROP $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 72.44.32.0/19 -j LOG --log-prefix "<firewall> EC2 traffic " $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 72.44.32.0/19 -j DROP $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 75.101.128.0/17 -j LOG --log-prefix "<firewall> EC2 traffic " $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 75.101.128.0/17 -j DROP $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 174.129.0.0/16 -j LOG --log-prefix "<firewall> EC2 traffic " $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 174.129.0.0/16 -j DROP $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 204.236.192.0/18 -j LOG --log-prefix "<firewall> EC2 traffic " $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 204.236.192.0/18 -j DROP $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 204.236.224.0/19 -j LOG --log-prefix "<firewall> EC2 traffic " $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 204.236.224.0/19 -j DROP $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 79.125.0.0/17 -j LOG --log-prefix "<firewall> EC2 traffic " $IPTBLS -A INPUT -s 79.125.0.0/17 -j DROP

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  • Simplifying and reducing the cost of an anti-join query

    - by Savitha
    Hi, Could you please help me in simplifying and reducing the cost of the below query? I tried making it a co-related subquery with NOT EXISTS but it didn't give me any output. Please note that the table in both main and inner query is the same 'table_1". SELECT * FROM Table_1 A WHERE A.Col1 = 'abcd' AND (A.Col2, A.Col3) NOT IN (SELECT Col2, Col3 FROM Table_1 B WHERE (B.Col4 IN (1,2,3) And B.Col5 In ('x','y')) OR (B.Col4 = 1 AND B.Col5 = 'z' AND B.Col6 = 'f') )) Thanks in advance, Savitha

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