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• Problems building nodejs on MacOS Snow Leopard

  - by mrwooster

  I am having trouble building nodejs on MacOS Snow Leopard. I think it might have something to do with my PATH variable not being set correctly for the developer tools location. For some reason, the Developer tools (gcc, g++, make etc) are all stored in /Developer/usr/bin I added it to my PATH variable as follows: $ export PATH=$PATH:/Developer/usr/bin $ echo $PATH /opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/git/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/Developer/usr/bin When i try to configure it complains about not finding open-ssl, ok, not a big problem. So I try with --without-ssl : $ ./configure --without-ssl Checking for program g++ or c++ : /Developer/usr/bin/g++ Checking for program cpp : /Developer/usr/bin/cpp Checking for program ar : /usr/bin/ar Checking for program ranlib : /Developer/usr/bin/ranlib Checking for g++ : ok Checking for program gcc or cc : /Developer/usr/bin/gcc Checking for gcc : ok Checking for library dl : yes Checking for library util : yes Checking for library rt : not found --- libeio --- Checking for library pthread : yes Checking for function pthread_create : not found /Users/Guy/git_src/node/node/deps/libeio/wscript:13: error: the configuration failed (see '/Users/Guy/git_src/node/node/build/config.log') Anyone know how I can get round this? I am suspicious that it might be something to do with the PATH or another ENV variable, but not sure. Thanks G

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• Cannot push to GitHub from Amazon EC2 Linux instance

  - by Eli

  Having the worst luck push files to a repo from EC2 to GitHub. I have my ssh key setup and added to Github. Here are the results of ssh -v [email protected] OpenSSH_5.3p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0g-fips 18 Jan 2012 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to github.com [207.97.227.239] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-5github2 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-5github2 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.3 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Host 'github.com' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/identity debug1: Offering public key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Remote: Forced command: gerve eliperelman 81:5f:8a:b2:42:6d:4e:8c:2d:ba:9a:8a:2b:9e:1a:90 debug1: Remote: Port forwarding disabled. debug1: Remote: X11 forwarding disabled. debug1: Remote: Agent forwarding disabled. debug1: Remote: Pty allocation disabled. debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa blen 277 debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: No more authentication methods to try. Permission denied (publickey).

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• Sync desktop Mac environment to laptop

  - by Andrew Vit

  I spend the majority of my time working at my desktop Mac, which I have configured for my web development environment. My spouse has a MacBook for casual use, and I occasionally steal it back when I need to work off-site, or when travelling. The question is how to best synchronize the two so I can switch between them more readily. I've solved a few obvious things by using online services: Email is hosted on IMAP. Working files are in Dropbox. Source code is managed in git. However, the following are things I always miss when jumping on the laptop: Installed Applications (current versions) Installed libraries & utilities (/usr/local) Apache VirtualHosts & other configurations (/etc) Disk image files for VMs My current method is to connect the MacBook via Firewire target mode and rsync the /Users/me home directory, and then cherry-pick the other items I need from Applications, /etc and /usr/local. The problem with this method is that it can be very time consuming due to things like my virtual machine image files, cached emails, etc. How can I make this faster & easier? Can you recommend a solution for configuration management (so I can repeatably install & configure the same software on both), or synchronization (so I can bring the MacBook up to date nightly, over our home network)?

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• Pushing updates to live server... FTP isn't cutting it... a better method?

  - by Jenkz

  I'm the lead developer in a team of 2. My partner has only just joined the project and despite using GIT for version control etc, we are still stuck in the dark ages when it comes to code deployment. Currently I make all site updates via FTP (this way I have control / responsibility over everything that goes live), using Filezilla. I've done this for years, but we now have some large PHP classes (300KB), and a lot of traffic. So in short, every time I upload a key class "general" for example, the site goes down until the file finishes uploading. This is only 5/6 seconds at a time, but this is increasingly unacceptable. I realise I can upload the file under a different name and then rename both files... but really there must be a better way? I've heard about rsyncing code across from another server, but I don't see how this prevents switching to the new file whilst uploading. We only have one server (for DB and Apache) but also use some cloud servers (for openx as an example).

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• How can I use the Homebrew Python with Homebrew MacVim on Mountain Lion?

  - by Stephen Jennings

  I originally asked and answered this question: How can I use the Homebrew Python version with Homebrew MacVim? These instructions worked on Snow Leopard using Xcode 4.0.1 and associated developer tools. However, they no longer seem to work on Mountain Lion with Xcode 4.4.1. My goal is to leave the system's version of Python completely untouched, and to only install PyPI packages into Homebrew's site-packages directory. I want to use the vim_bridge package in MacVim, so I need to compile MacVim against the Homebrew version of Python. I've edited the MacVim formula to add these to the arguments: --enable-pythoninterp=dynamic --with-python-config-dir=/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/config Then I install with the command: brew install macvim --override-system-vim --custom-icons --with-cscope --with-lua However, it still seems to be somehow using Python 2.7.2 from the system. This seems strange to me because it also seems to be using the correct executable. :python print(sys.version) 2.7.2 (default, Jun 20 2012, 16:23:33) [GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple Clang 4.0 (tags/Apple/clang-418.0.60)] :python print(sys.executable) /usr/local/bin/python $ /usr/local/bin/python --version Python 2.7.3 $ /usr/local/bin/python -c "import sys; print(sys.version)" 2.7.3 (default, Aug 12 2012, 21:17:22) [GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple Clang 4.0 ((tags/Apple/clang-421.0.60))] $ readlink /usr/local/lib/python2.7/config /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/Current/lib/python2.7/config I've removed everything in /usr/local and reinstalled Homebrew by running these commands: $ ruby <(curl -fsSkL raw.github.com/mxcl/homebrew/go) $ brew install git mercurial python ruby $ brew install macvim (nope, still broken) $ brew remove macvim $ ln -s /usr/local/Cellar/python/..../python2.7/config /usr/local/lib/python2.7/config $ brew install macvim

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• LogMeIn Hamachi for Linux

  - by tlunter

  So far most of my work using LogMeIn Hamachi has been from either a Mac OS X or Windows system to Windows or a Linux Computer. Recently I purchased a mini computer and have been running Ubuntu Server on it, as my little server. I knew LogMeIn had a Linux client that is command line only, but I often do all my work via command line anyway, so that wasn't an issue. I added my user to the correct local file so that I could run the hamachi daemon without sudo, and was able to connect to LogMeIn's service. I decided to set up my Linux server as a git server as well, and set it up correctly. The thing is, the server is behind my schools firewall and I need to use hamachi to get around that. Since most of the time I was using either Mac or Windows, I never had an issue sshing onto any of my computers since LogMeIn is fully featured for these OSs. From Linux (Arch) though, it seems like the client cannot correctly route to the LogMeIn IPs. I know from Windows I can connect to the Linux computers, both of them. From Linux (Arch) though, I can't connect to my Mac, Windows, or Linux server. It keeps just dropping the connection. I was wondering if there was some configuration that I would need to make for this to work. I understand that it is most likely going to be a static configuration since I assume it has to do with the computer not understanding that 5.*.*.* actually refers to another IP:Port. Has anyone had any experience getting this to work?

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• Which Firefox add-on is responsible for a rendering bug?

  - by Gilles

  I've found a page that isn't rendered correctly by Firefox with my usual profile. It is rendered correctly with a blank profile. I have quite a few add-ons. One of them is surely the culprit. How can I find out which? Userscripts often affect the rendering. But I turned off Greasemonkey, and it didn't help. So it's something else, presumably an extension (what else could it be? I have no chrome/userChrome.css.). I'm looking for an easy way to find out which one, easier than disabling a bunch of extensions and restarting umpteen times. Related: Create a tool to help users identify a problematic add-on by bisecting the list of installed add-ons — a similar problem which would admit a similar solution. I want to automate this as much as possible; something like git bisect, that doesn't require me to change my actual profile, would be ideal. A Linux-specific solution is fine with me.

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• ssh connection slow when using @hostname.com but now when using @ipaddress

  - by Alex Recarey

  When connecting to a Debian server using ssh, if I use [email protected] (the IP address of hte server) the connection is instant. If however I use [email protected] (a DNS redirected to the IP address of the server) the ssh connection hangs for a 20 seconds before connecting successfully. The ssh logs show the following: [alex@alex home]$ ssh -v -v [email protected] OpenSSH_5.5p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0c-fips 2 Dec 2010 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 and here it hangs during 20 seconds before continuing. I think it might have something to do with reverse DNS or similar (the server does not really "know" it's name is hostname.com, it just has that DNS rediriected to its IP address). I have added the following options to /etc/ssh/sshd_config: UseDNS no GSSAPIAuthentication no to no effect. The server's DNS records in /etc/resolv.conf are configured correctly: ping hostname.com PING sub.domain.com (X.X.X.X) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from replicant (X.X.X.X): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.029 ms 64 bytes from replicant (X.X.X.X): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.050 ms?s Thanks for the help. Solution: It seems the DSL router my ISP saddled me with was causing the trouble. Changing my DNS server from 192.168.1.1 (router's IP) to google's (8.8.8.8, always good to know when you are in a hurry) instantly solved the connection delay problem. I am guessing that the 50€ router provided does not cache DNS entries, although I don't understand why pinging the DNS address had no delay, and 20 seconds is too long of a wait, even for uncached DNS. Tnanks again for the help!

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• vagrant and puppet security for ssl certificates

  - by Sirex

  I'm pretty new to vagrant, would someone who knows more about it (and puppet) be able to explain how vagrant deals with the ssl certs needed when making vagrant testing machines that are processing the same node definition as the real production machines ? I run puppet in master / client mode, and I wish to spin up a vagrant version of my puppet production nodes, primarily to test new puppet code against. If my production machine is, say, sql.domain.com I spin up a vagrant machine of, say, sql.vagrant.domain.com. In the vagrant file I then use the puppet_server provisioner, and give a puppet.puppet_node entry of “sql.domain.com” to it gets the same puppet node definition. On the puppet server I use a regex of something like /*.sql.domain.com/ on that node entry so that both the vagrant machine and the real one get that node entry on the puppet server. Finally, I enable auto-signing for *.vagrant.domain.com in puppet's autosign.conf, so the vagrant machine gets signed. So far, so good... However: If one machine on my network gets rooted, say, unimportant.domain.com, what's to stop the attacker changing the hostname on that machine to sql.vagrant.domain.com, deleting the old puppet ssl cert off of it and then re-run puppet with a given node name of sql.domain.com ? The new ssl cert would be autosigned by puppet, match the node name regex, and then this hacked node would get all the juicy information intended for the sql machine ?! One solution I can think of is to avoid autosigning, and put the known puppet ssl cert for the real production machine into the vagrant shared directory, and then have a vagrant ssh job move it into place. The downside of this is I end up with all my ssl certs for each production machine sitting in one git repo (my vagrant repo) and thereby on each developer's machine – which may or may not be an issue, but it dosen't sound like the right way of doing this. tl;dr: How do other people deal with vagrant & puppet ssl certificates for development or testing clones of production machines ?

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• ffmpeg rotate mp4 90º

  - by shox

  Hi, can I rotate(+save / reencode) a .mp4 with ffmpeg? The only thing I found was on the mailinglist saying -vfilters "rotate=90" but ffmpeg says no vfilters. Tried -vf, it says there is no rotate. If I try to do it in VLC it simply does not rotate and kills the audio (did the vlc encoding EVER work? Every single freakin video I throw at it gets fu****d up in some way -_- ) I'm on a MAC and don't have iWork. Any ideas? Thanks FFmpeg version git-svn-r23607, Copyright (c) 2000-2010 the FFmpeg developers built on Jun 14 2010 23:52:55 with gcc 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5659) configuration: libavutil 50.19. 0 / 50.19. 0 libavcodec 52.76. 0 / 52.76. 0 libavformat 52.68. 0 / 52.68. 0 libavdevice 52. 2. 0 / 52. 2. 0 libavfilter 1.20. 0 / 1.20. 0 libswscale 0.11. 0 / 0.11. 0 Hyper fast Audio and Video encoder

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• Rsync: General file/folder synchronization

  - by Rey Leonard Amorato

  I have a file server, which is in-charge of pulling a folder tree from multiple workstations on a daily basis. My current method for this is by using rsync, (which works pretty well provided directory names and/or files remain the same) however, when files are renamed or moved about within subdir1, rsync will copy them over to the server, creating duplicates. I have to manually find and delete extraneous files/folders that had been left on the server during previous syncs. Note that I cannot use rsync's --delete flag because any sync from a workstation will then mirror that particular folder tree, instead of merging them to the server. Visual diagram: Server: Workstation1 Workstation2 Workstation(n) Folder* Folder* Folder* Folder* -subdir1 -subdir1 -subdir1 -subdir(n) -file1 -file1 -file2 -file(n) -file2 -file(n) Is there a simple script (preferably in bash, nothing fancy) that can accomplish the deletion of the extraneous files/folders in the event a file is renamed or moved to a different subdir? Is there a different program, much like rsync that can accomplish this task autonomously and in a much simpler manner? I have looked at unison, but I did not like the fact that it keeps a local database for the syncing info. Any tips at all as to how I am supposed to tackle this? Thank you in advanced for your help. EDIT: I have tried unison just recently and I can safely say it is out of the question now. unison is a bi-directional synchronization tool and from my testing, it mirrors the files existing on the server to all workstations. - This is unwanted. preferably, i would want files/folders to stay within their respective workstations and just merge to the server. AKA uni-directional sync; but with renames/moves propagated to the server. I might have to look into Git/Mercurial/Bazaar as mentioned by kyle, but still unsure if they are fit for the job.

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• How to install RMagick RubyGem on Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard?

  - by misbehavens

  I am getting this error while trying to install RMagick: $ sudo gem install rmagick Building native extensions. This could take a while... ERROR: Error installing rmagick: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension. /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby extconf.rb checking for Ruby version >= 1.8.5... yes checking for gcc... yes checking for Magick-config... no Can't install RMagick 2.13.1. Can't find Magick-config in /usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/opt/local/bin:/usr/local/git/bin:~/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/pear/bin *** extconf.rb failed *** Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more details. You may need configuration options. Provided configuration options: --with-opt-dir --without-opt-dir --with-opt-include --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include --with-opt-lib --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib --with-make-prog --without-make-prog --srcdir=. --curdir --ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/1.8/usr/bin/ruby Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rmagick-2.13.1 for inspection. Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/1.8/gems/rmagick-2.13.1/ext/RMagick/gem_make.out How can I install the RMagick RubyGem on Snow Leopard?

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• Mod_rewrite is ignoring the extension of a file

  - by ngl5000

  This is my entire mod_rewrite condition: <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> <Directory /var/www/> Options FollowSymLinks -Multiviews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all RewriteEngine On # force www. (also does the IP thing) RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^mysite\.com [NC] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://mysite.com/$1 [R=301,L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^system.* RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php?/$1 [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^application.* RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php?/$1 [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.+)\.(\d+)\.(js|css|png|jpg|gif)$ $1.$3 [L] RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} /index\.(php|html) RewriteRule (.*)index\.(php|html)(.*)$ /$1$3 [r=301,L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^(/index\.php|/assets|/robots\.txt|/sitemap\.xml|/favicon\.ico) RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php/$1 [L] # Block access to "hidden" directories or files whose names begin with a period. This # includes directories used by version control systems such as Subversion or Git. RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} -d [OR] RewriteCond %{SCRIPT_FILENAME} -f RewriteRule "(^|/)\." - [F] </Directory> </IfModule> It is suppose to allow only access to mysite.com(/index.php|/assets|/robots.txt|/sitemap.xml|/favicon.ico) The error was noticed with: mysite.com/sitemap vs mysite.com/sitemap.xml Both of these addresses are resolving to the xml file while the first url should be resolving to mysite.com/index.php/sitemap * For some reason mod_rewrite is completely ignoring the lack of an extension. It sounded like a Multiviews problem to me so I disabled Multiviews and it is still going on. ***And then a different rule will eventually take the index.php out, I am having another problem with an extra '/' being left behind when this happens. This httpd file is setting up for my codeigniter php framework

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• Relax Linux - it's just me! (filesystem permissions)

  - by Xeoncross

  One of my favorite things about Linux is also the most annoying - file system permissions. In production machines and web servers I love how everything is so secure and locked down - but on development machines it really slows me down. I'll give one example out of the many that I discover weekly. Like most people, I dual-boot Ubuntu and Windows so I can continue using the Adobe CS4 suite. I often design web themes and other things while I'm still using windows. Later I'll boot into Ubuntu to take the themes and write the backend PHP for them. After mounting the windows C: drive partition I can copy the template files over so I can begin editing them. However, thanks to Linux desire to protect me I find that after coping the files I end up with a totally locked set of files where even I don't have read-write permissions. So after carful consideration about the tremendous risks that the HTML files pose to me - I chmod them so that I and apache can begin using them. Now given, the chmod process isn't that hard - but after you chmod enough files per day you get sick of doing it. I'm constantly creating, fetch, editing, and removing files from my user, git repos, php, or other random processes. This is a personal development machine after all. Everything changes on a day by day basis. So my question is, how can I get linux to relax about what I'm doing with my HTML/JS/PHP/TXT/SQL/etc. files so that I can work faster without constantly stopping to chmod things? I pinky-promise I won't hack into my account with an HTML file. ;)

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• Nginx proxy domain to another domain with no change URL

  - by Evgeniy

  My question is in the subj. I have a one domain, that's nginx's config of it: server { listen 80; server_name connect3.domain.ru www.connect3.domain.ru; access_log /var/log/nginx/connect3.domain.ru.access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/connect3.domain.ru.error.log; root /home/httpd/vhosts/html; index index.html index.htm index.php; location ~* \.(avi|bin|bmp|css|dmg|doc|docx|dpkg|exe|flv|gif|htm|html|ico|ics|img|jpeg|jpg|js|m2a|m2v|mov|mp3|mp4|mpeg|mpg|msi|pdf|pkg|png|pps|ppt|pptx|ps|rar|rss|rtf|swf|tif|tiff|txt|wmv|xhtml|xls|xml|zip)$ { root /home/httpd/vhosts/html; access_log off; expires 1d; } location ~ /\.(git|ht|svn) { deny all; } location / { #rewrite ^ http://connect2.domain.ru/; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/; proxy_redirect off; proxy_hide_header "Cache-Control"; add_header Cache-Control "no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0"; proxy_hide_header "Pragma"; add_header Pragma "no-cache"; expires -1; add_header Last-Modified $sent_http_Expires; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } } I need to proxy connect3.domain.ru host to connect2.domain.ru, but with no URL changed in browser's address bars. My commented out rewrite line could solve this problem, but it's just a rewrite, so I cannot stay with the same URL. I know that this question is easy, but please help. Thank you.

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• Is it possible to install ffmpeg and x264 on a Synology Diskstation 209?

  - by Kieran Benton

  Hi, Complete linux novice here! :) I'm trying to get my brilliant DS209 NAS box to do some transcoding for me of a few AVI videos to a format suitable for my Apply iTouch - yes I could do it with another machine and Handbrake but it would be really useful to offload some of this to the NAS to do overnight. I've managed to install ipkg onto my DS209 NAS box and have played around with installing some packages (binutils, mono, bash etc). I've even managed to install ffmpeg from ipkg and put together the correct command line profile to do the encoding as a .sh file: time ffmpeg -y -i $1 -f mp4 -title $2 -vcodec libx264 -level 21 -s 426×320 -b 512k -bt 512k -bufsize 4M -maxrate 4M -g 250 -coder 0 -threads 0 -acodec libfaac -ac 2 -ab 64k $3 However running this I get a missing dependency on libx264. I've tried building this from the latest source in git, but I get errors during the make process that I just don't understand (way out of my depth). encoder/set.c: In function 'x264_sei_version_write': encoder/set.c:491: error: 'X264_VERSION' undeclared (first use in this function) encoder/set.c:491: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once encoder/set.c:491: error: for each function it appears in.) make: *** [encoder/set.o] Error 1 Can anyone else try building it or give me a pointer as to what I can do to get this going? Its been a good learning experience so far! Thanks.

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• How to restore Linode to Vagrant VM?

  - by Iain Elder

  I'm trying to set up a Linux development environment so I can safely make changes to my website without breaking the live site. Linode hosts my live site. A simple solution would be to host my development server on Linode as well, but I want to avoid doubling my hosting costs. The cheapest way I see is to use Vagrant on my Windows workstation to host my development environment. After I attempt to restore the backup to Vagrant and reboot the VM, I can no longer ssh into the Vagrant host. It's probably because by restoring the backup I overwrite some special Vagrant configuration, but I'm not sure how to avoid that. How do I make this approach work? If my approach is fundamentally wrong, can you suggest an alternative? Creating the backup On the Linode I used these commands to create a compressed copy of the entire filesystem, while ignoring things that shouldn't be included in the backup: $ sudo rsync -ahvz --exclude={/dev/*,/proc/*,/sys/*,/tmp/*,/run/*,/mnt/*,/backup/*} /* /backup/2 $ sudo tar -czf /backup/2.gz /backup/2 The backup file is called 2.gz because this is thesecond backup. The first backup is called 1.gz. I use WinSCP to copy the backup file to my Windows workstation. Setting up the Vagrant host I need a Vagrant box that matches my Linode operating system (Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS, kernel 3.9.3). I selected the closet match from vagrantbox.es: Ubuntu Server Precise 12.04.3 amd64 Kernel is ready for Docker (Docker not included) On my workstation I ran these commands to add the box and initialize and boot an instance: $ vagrant box add ubuntu-precise http://nitron-vagrant.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/vagrant_ubuntu_12.04.3_amd64_virtualbox.box $ mkdir linode-test $ cd linode-test $ vagrant init ubuntu-precise $ vagrant up Now Vagrant is running a machine with SSH on port 2222. The operating system version is the same. The kernel version is 3.8.0. Sounds close enough. Restoring the backup With WinSCP I copied the backup file 2.gz to /home/vagrant/2.gz on the Vagrant box. With PuTTY I connected via ssh to my new Vagrant box: On the box move the backup to the filesystem root. $ sudo mv 2.gz / Extract the archive to the filesystem root: $ sudo tar -xvpz -f 2.gz -C / --strip-components=2 (I discovered I need to use strip components because all files in the archive have the prefix backup/2/. I'll fix this for the next backup.) After the tar command completes, I log out of the box. Testing the backup When I try to log in again, it doesn't let me log in as vagrant with a password any more. It does let me log in as iain, my user on the live Linode, with a password. That surprised me because I disabled password authentication on my live Linode. I figured that I have to restart the ssh service for the change to take effect. Instead of restarting just ssh, I chose to restart the whole system. Now I can't even get to the login screen. PuTTY says "connection refused" when I try to connect. What went wrong?

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• Object Not found - Apache Rewrite issue

  - by Chris J. Lee

  I'm pretty new to setting up apache locally with xampp. I'm trying to develop locally with xampp (Ubuntu 11.04) linux 1.7.4 for a Drupal Site. I've actually git pulled an exact copy of this drupal site from another testing server hosted at MediaTemple. Issue I'll visit my local development environment virtualhost (http://bbk.loc) and the front page renders correctly with no errors from drupal or apache. The issue is the subsequent pages don't return an "Object not found" Error from apache. What is more bizarre is when I add various query strings and the pages are found (like http://bbk.loc?p=user). VHost file NameVirtualHost bbk.loc:* <Directory "/home/chris/workspace/bbk/html"> Options Indexes Includes execCGI AllowOverride None Order Allow,Deny Allow From All </Directory> <VirtualHost bbk.loc> DocumentRoot /home/chris/workspace/bbk/html ServerName bbk.loc ErrorLog logs/bbk.error </VirtualHost> BBK.error Error Log File: [Mon Jun 27 10:08:58 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] File does not exist: /home/chris/workspace/bbk/html/node, referer: http://bbk.loc/ [Mon Jun 27 10:21:48 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] File does not exist: /home/chris/workspace/bbk/html/sites/all/themes/bbk/logo.png, referer: http://bbk.$ [Mon Jun 27 10:21:51 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] File does not exist: /home/chris/workspace/bbk/html/node, referer: http://bbk.loc/ Actions I've taken: Move Rewrite module loading to load before cache module http://drupal.org/node/43545 Verify modrewrite works with .htaccess file Any ideas why mod_rewrite might not be working?

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• How long will a USB key with an OS installed on it last?

  - by Xananax

  I've heard numerous times that installing an OS on a USB key is a bad thing to do, as USBs typically have a certain number of writes before dying, and installing an OS on it will wear it out (unless it's used sporadically for rescue purposes). Nonetheless, I am very tempted to install some flavour of Linux (Ubuntu or Arch, I haven't decided yet) on a small, transportable, USB Key. My problem is, although you read a lot that it's "bad", you are never told how bad. How long would it last (provided, say, a pc that is 24/7 on)? A month? A year? Five years? Is there recipes to make it last longer? Is there any reason beside weariness that should prevent me from attempting this? I mean, if it can be calculated, then I could theoretically shield myself by doing regular backups on another key when the deadline gets close (for example). Notes I am not talking of using a USB as a live CD, but actually installing the OS on it.) When I say "USB Key", I refer to the little USBs with a flash memory, not an external USB hard drive. For the curious, my reason is that I work in a lot of different places, on different PCs, and I have a very customized session, with my own WM, my own key bindings, my own scripts, , a selection of plugins for firefox and chrome, etc, and currently I am synchronizing all this through a mix of dropbox, git, and transporting files on USBs, and and it's becoming a chore. It would be much simpler for me to just plug the USB and mount the hard disk of the PC I am using and use it's processing power without actually needing to install any OS on it.

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• Passing PATH through sudo

  - by whitequark

  In short: how to make sudo not to flush PATH everytime? I have some websites deployed on my server (Debian testing) written with Ruby on Rails. I use Mongrel+Nginx to host them, but there is one problem that comes when I need to restart Mongrel (e.g. after making some changes). All sites are checked in VCS (git, but it is not important) and have owner and group set to my user, whereas Mongrel runs under the, huh, mongrel user that is severely restricted in it's rights. So Mongrel must be started under root (it can automatically change UID) or mongrel. To manage mongrel I use mongrel_cluster gem because it allows starting or stopping any amount of Mongrel servers with just one command. But it needs the directory /var/lib/gems/1.8/bin to be in PATH: this is not enough to start it with absolute path. Modifying PATH in root .bashrc changed nothing, tweaking sudo's env_reset and keepenv didn't either. So the question: how to add a directory to PATH or keep user's PATH in sudo?

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• Incorrect deployment of WSGI app to AWS using Elastic Beanstalk

  - by Dzmitry Zhaleznichenka

  cross-link to AWS forums I have developed a simple Python web service using WSGI and would like to deploy it to AWS cloud using Elastic Beanstalk. My problem is I cannot make all the options I specify in Elastic Beanstalk configuration to be correctly configured in the cloud. For deployment, I use Elastic Beanstalk CLI utility. I have run eb init command and set up the required parameters. After this, a directory named .elasticbeanstalk was created in my source tree. It has two config files that are used for deployment, namely config and optionsettings. The latter one among the other options contains the WSGI configuration that has to update /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi.conf at the instances. After some of my adjustments the file has the following settings: [aws:elasticbeanstalk:application:environment] DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE = PARAM1 = PARAM2 = PARAM4 = PARAM3 = PARAM5 = [aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python] WSGIPath = handler.py NumProcesses = 2 StaticFiles = /static= NumThreads = 10 [aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python:staticfiles] /static = static/ [aws:elasticbeanstalk:hostmanager] LogPublicationControl = false [aws:autoscaling:launchconfiguration] InstanceType = t1.micro EC2KeyName = zmicier-aws [aws:elasticbeanstalk:application] Application Healthcheck URL = [aws:autoscaling:asg] MaxSize = 10 MinSize = 1 Custom Availability Zones = [aws:elasticbeanstalk:monitoring] Automatically Terminate Unhealthy Instances = true [aws:elasticbeanstalk:sns:topics] Notification Endpoint = Notification Protocol = email It turns out that not all of these options are considered when I start the environment or update it. Thus, when I update NumThreads or NumProcesses, the respective parameters get changed in wsgi.conf as expected. But whatever I write to the WSGIPath and StaticFiles parameters, I'm not able to automatically change the respective values of wsgi.conf, they remain Alias /static /opt/python/current/app/ WSGIScriptAlias / /opt/python/current/app/application.py which drives me nuts. Moreover, when I deploy my application using git aws.push and having the following contents of .ebextensions/python.config file, neither of options I specify in it affects the deployment. option_settings: - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python option_name: WSGIPath value: mysite/wsgi.py - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python option_name: NumProcesses value: 5 - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python option_name: NumThreads value: 25 - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python:staticfiles option_name: /static/ value: app/static/ I wonder what I should do to force AWS use all the parameters I specify in the configuration, namely the WSGI Path and path to my static data.

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• Apache2: 400 Bad Reqeust with Rewrite Rules, nothing in error log?

  - by neezer

  This is driving me nuts. Background: I'm using the built-in Apache2 & PHP that comes with Mac OS X 10.6 I have a vhost setup as follows: NameVirtualHost *:81 <Directory "/Users/neezer/Sites/"> Options Indexes MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> <VirtualHost *:81> ServerName lobster.dev ServerAlias *.lobster.dev DocumentRoot /Users/neezer/Sites/lobster/www RewriteEngine On RewriteCond $1 !^(index\.php|resources|robots\.txt) RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php/$1 [L,QSA] LogLevel debug ErrorLog /private/var/log/apache2/lobster_error </VirtualHost> This is in /private/etc/apache2/users/neezer.conf. My code in the lobster project is PHP with the CodeIgniter framework. Trying to load http://lobster.dev:81/ gives me: 400 Bad Request Normally, I'd go check my logs to see what caused it, yet my logs are empty! I looked in both /private/var/log/apache2/error_log and /private/var/log/apache2/lobster_error, and neither records ANY message relating to the 400. I have LogLevel set to debug in /private/etc/apache2/http.conf. Removing the rewrite rules gets rid of the error, but these same rules work on my MAMP host. I've double-checked and rewrite_module is loaded in my default Apache installation. My http.conf can be found here: https://gist.github.com/1057091 What gives? Let me know if you need any additional info. NOTE: I do NOT want to add the rewrite rules to .htaccess in the project directory (it's checked into a git repo and I don't want to touch it).

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• Best photo management software?

  - by Niels Basjes

  Hi, What I would like is a single piece of software (or a smart combination of tools) that allow me to manage my photos in a better way than what I've found so far. 1. Tags Primarily I need a way of tagging the images. So I can manually tag photos the same way we tag questions here at SO/SF/SU. I want this software to place a lot of the tags automagically (obvious things like date and resolution). 2. Face recognition What I would really like is that this software has a feature that it can recognize faces in images and places tags with the name of the person. So far I've only heard of one online photo system that can do that (Picasa) and not yet of any offline tool. 3. Version database I must have some way of having a central GIT/SVN/... that contains all images. I have had a harddrive corruption a few years ago and it took me a long time to figure out which images had been damaged. I always want to be able to go back to what the camera produced. 4. Website I want to be able to generate a website (few 'tag' specific websites) based on the actual content. 5. Easy bulk uploading Many photo tools have a one on one uploading option. I prefer simply 'throwing' my images on a file server under Linux (Samba) and let the system automagically integrate, tag, recognize, etc. all images. Ok, I know these are a bit much. Perhaps you guy's have some suggestions about existing tools that can make this possible. Or even a complete system that does this. EDIT: To clarify on the OS. I prefer Linux for any 'server' task and Windows XP for any 'desktop' task. Thanks for all your input. Niels Basjes

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• There's no sound on Ubuntu with an Intel HDA onboard chip and Realtek ALC1200 codec.

  - by Hanno Fietz

  For a while now, my sound has not been working in Ubuntu. It used to play OK, but after some upgrade (might have been distro upgrade to 9.10), it stopped working. I'm currently running 10.04 on an amd64 architecture. I'm using the builtin audio on a Foxconn motherboard, it's an ATI / Intel HDA chip with an Azalia controller, apparently it's using the Realtek ALC1200 codec. All the gory details here. I found a nice sound troubleshooting tutorial here, which is well-written and pretty extensive, however, I fail to look up the supported "models" for my soundcard. The troubleshooting page says to look for a section giving the codec used by your soundcard, which looks like this for me: !!HDA-Intel Codec information !!--------------------------- --startcollapse-- Codec: Realtek ALC1200 Then, I'm supposed to lookup the models for that codec in the file Documentation/ALSA-Configuration.txt in the appropriate directory of ALSA's git repository. Mine actually pointed me to a separate file, Documentation/HD-Audio-Models.txt, which, for my driver version is located here and contains no section related to ALC1200 codecs. I tried putting the driver options probe-mask=1 and model=auto in a config file for modprobe, as suggested elsewhere, but this just lead to snd-hda-intel not able to load at all anymore. I also tried installing the linux-backports-modules-alsa package for my kernel, because the description sounded promising, but that didn't change anything, either.

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• why i failed to configure openvpn, now i am an ordinary user, how to deal with this issue?

  - by hugemeow

  checking tap-windows.h presence... no checking for tap-windows.h... no checking whether TUNSETPERSIST is declared... yes checking for setcon in -lselinux... yes checking for pam_start in -lpam... no checking for OPENSSL_CRYPTO... yes checking for OPENSSL_SSL... yes checking for EVP_CIPHER_CTX_set_key_length... yes checking for ENGINE_load_builtin_engines... yes checking for ENGINE_register_all_complete... yes checking for ENGINE_cleanup... yes checking for ssl_init in -lpolarssl... no checking for aes_crypt_cbc in -lpolarssl... no checking for lzo1x_1_15_compress in -llzo2... no checking for lzo1x_1_15_compress in -llzo... no checking for PKCS11_HELPER... no checking git checkout... yes configure: error: libpam required but missing [mirror@innov openvpn]$ ./configure --help | grep libpam --enable-pam-dlopen dlopen libpam [default=no] C compiler flags for libpam LIBPAM_LIBS linker flags for libpam [mirror@xxx openvpn]$ ./configure --prefix=/home/mirror/build/ins/ins_vpn --disable-lzo error: libpam required but missing i just have no privilege to install the package named libpam, so can i build libpam and install it in home directory, then build openvpn based on it?

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