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  • Is it possible to resolve domain names to an IP address with PHP?

    - by Rob
    Well, very simple question. So that's good news for you, I guess. More thorough explanation: I have a PHP script allowing me to add urls to a database. I want the script to resolve the url to an IP address as well, to store that, too. However, some of the URLs are like this: http://111.111.111.111/~example/index.php So it also needs to work with that. I'm not SURE that this is possible, but it only makes sense it would be. So: Is it possible, and if so, how?

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  • Update information outdated

    - by Achim Krause
    I have a warning triangle that my update information is outdated, the last update was 12 days ago. I use Ubuntu 11.10. A run of sudo apt-get update produces the following output: Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net oneiric InRelease Ign http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric InRelease Ign http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates InRelease Ign http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports InRelease Ign http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security InRelease Ign http://extras.ubuntu.com oneiric InRelease Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net oneiric Release.gpg Get:1 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric Release.gpg [198 B] Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security Release.gpg Get:2 http://extras.ubuntu.com oneiric Release.gpg [72 B] Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net oneiric Release Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates Release.gpg Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security Release Hit http://extras.ubuntu.com oneiric Release Err http://extras.ubuntu.com oneiric Release Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net oneiric/main Sources Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports Release.gpg Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main Sources Hit http://ppa.launchpad.net oneiric/main i386 Packages Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net oneiric/main TranslationIndex Ign http://linux.dropbox.com oneiric InRelease Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted Sources Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe Sources Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse Sources Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main i386 Packages Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted i386 Packages Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe i386 Packages Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse i386 Packages Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main TranslationIndex Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse TranslationIndex Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted TranslationIndex Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe TranslationIndex Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric Release Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates Release Ign http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric Release Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/main Translation-en Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/multiverse Translation-en Hit http://linux.dropbox.com oneiric Release.gpg Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/restricted Translation-en Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports Release Hit http://security.ubuntu.com oneiric-security/universe Translation-en Ign http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/main Sources/DiffIndex Ign http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/restricted Sources/DiffIndex Ign http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/universe Sources/DiffIndex Ign http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/multiverse Sources/DiffIndex Ign http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/main i386 Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/restricted i386 Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/universe i386 Packages/DiffIndex Ign http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/multiverse i386 Packages/DiffIndex Hit http://linux.dropbox.com oneiric Release Get:3 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/main TranslationIndex [3,289 B] Get:4 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/multiverse TranslationIndex [2,265 B] Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/restricted TranslationIndex Get:5 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/universe TranslationIndex [2,640 B] Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/restricted i386 Packages Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/universe i386 Packages Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/multiverse i386 Packages Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/main TranslationIndex Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/multiverse TranslationIndex Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/restricted TranslationIndex Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/universe TranslationIndex Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/main Sources Hit http://linux.dropbox.com oneiric/main i386 Packages Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net oneiric/main Translation-en_US Ign http://ppa.launchpad.net oneiric/main Translation-en Ign http://linux.dropbox.com oneiric/main TranslationIndex Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/restricted Sources Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/universe Sources Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/multiverse Sources Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/main i386 Packages Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/restricted i386 Packages Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/universe i386 Packages Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/multiverse i386 Packages Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/main TranslationIndex Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/multiverse TranslationIndex Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/restricted TranslationIndex Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/universe TranslationIndex Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/main Sources Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/restricted Sources Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/universe Sources Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/multiverse Sources Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/main i386 Packages Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/restricted i386 Packages Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/universe i386 Packages Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/multiverse i386 Packages Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric/restricted Translation-en Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/main Translation-en Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/multiverse Translation-en Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/restricted Translation-en Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/universe Translation-en Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/main Translation-en Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/multiverse Translation-en Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/restricted Translation-en Hit http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-backports/universe Translation-en Err http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/main Sources 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable [IP: 141.30.13.30 80] Err http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/restricted Sources 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable [IP: 141.30.13.30 80] Err http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/universe Sources 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable [IP: 141.30.13.30 80] Err http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/multiverse Sources 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable [IP: 141.30.13.30 80] Err http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric-updates/main i386 Packages 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable [IP: 141.30.13.30 80] Ign http://linux.dropbox.com oneiric/main Translation-en_US Ign http://linux.dropbox.com oneiric/main Translation-en Fetched 273 B in 2s (91 B/s) Reading package lists... Done W: A error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: http://extras.ubuntu.com oneiric Release: The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG 16126D3A3E5C1192 Ubuntu Extras Archive Automatic Signing Key <[email protected]> W: GPG error: http://de.archive.ubuntu.com oneiric Release: The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG 40976EAF437D05B5 Ubuntu Archive Automatic Signing Key <[email protected]> W: Failed to fetch http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric/Release W: Failed to fetch http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric/main/i18n/Index No Hash entry in Release file /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/de.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_oneiric_main_i18n_Index W: Failed to fetch http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric/multiverse/i18n/Index No Hash entry in Release file /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/de.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_oneiric_multiverse_i18n_Index W: Failed to fetch http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric/universe/i18n/Index No Hash entry in Release file /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/de.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_oneiric_universe_i18n_Index W: Failed to fetch http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-updates/main/source/Sources 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable [IP: 141.30.13.30 80] W: Failed to fetch http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-updates/restricted/source/Sources 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable [IP: 141.30.13.30 80] W: Failed to fetch http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-updates/universe/source/Sources 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable [IP: 141.30.13.30 80] W: Failed to fetch http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-updates/multiverse/source/Sources 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable [IP: 141.30.13.30 80] W: Failed to fetch http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/oneiric-updates/main/binary-i386/Packages 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable [IP: 141.30.13.30 80] W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead. There are some questions with similar problems, but no one seems to get these "Range Not Satisfiable" errors. I do not use a proxy, and the network configuration should not have changed since it worked the last time.

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  • Wireless internet connection connects but internet does not work (no packets received). Wired does.

    - by Rodney
    When I connect my PC via ethernet cable to my ADSL router it works fine. When I connect via Wireless it connects and the internet will work for a random amount of time and then stop working. It stays connected with a strong signal but no packets are received. My laptop/iphone are right next to it and wireless works fine. If I open the Wireless USB status, it says it is connected to my SSID with full strength (54 mps - I am 3 meteres away from my router) and the activty shows as Packets 594 SENT and 105 RECEIVED (this goes up VERY slowly) I have tried the following: Turned off anitvirus and firewall completely. Tested the wifi signal- I am writing this on my laptop which is next to my PC and also has full wifi strength. Tried a different wireless adapter - I dug out an old PCI wireless card - it does the exact same thing. Compared all wireless settings to my laptop. I can ping google.com and it replies (sometimes with packet loss) When I reboot the PC it will connect for a minute or two (random time) and then just stops again. I tried Firefox, IE etc. no joy I have updated all latest versions (Netgear WG111v2) and drivers Checked Event Log - nothing unusual Ping the router (and even connect as admin for the few minutes when the internet does work) Changed the MTU down to 1200 using DrTCP Checked Device Manager for conflicts - none. I ping the router from the PC (192.168.0.10 - 192.168.0.1) and it replies with 4 packets. BUT, on my router admin page (which I access via http on my laptop wirelessly) - if I ping 192.168.0.10 all packets timeout (pinging my laptop 192.168.0.12 works fine) My router admin page shows the leased IP address for 192.168.0.10 (ie it is definitely talking to the router initially) Now I am out of ideas - please help. I think it is an OS/Software issue as I have tried 2 different wireless adapaters (PCI and USB) with the same result but all other wireless devices work fine around mine). It's not the firewall. It is getting assigned an IP address correctly (my PC gets 192.168.0.10, my laptop is .12) It is assigned by DHCP. As soon as I plug in the ethernet cable it all works fine. Repairing the adapter sometimes helps but it will always stop working after a random time. The wireless adapter always shows as connected with Excellent signal but the internet does not work. I am running Windows XP SP3 and have tried a Netgear WG111v2 USB adapter. Thanks in advance! UPDATE: The internet seems to be working, it is just either sending packets too small or slow to work (some small pages load bits of them very slowly but then hang). XP seems to have a networking diagnostic app - here is the output: Last diagnostic run time: 08/30/10 08:16:38 IP Configuration Diagnostic Invalid IP address info Valid IP address detected: 192.168.0.10 IP Layer Diagnostic Corrupted IP routing table info The default route is valid info The loopback route is valid info The local host route is valid info The local subnet route is valid Invalid ARP cache entries action The ARP cache has been flushed Gateway Diagnostic Gateway info The following proxy configuration is being used by IE: Automatically Detect Settings:Disabled Automatic Configuration Script: Proxy Server: Proxy Bypass list: info This computer has the following default gateway entry(ies): 192.168.0.1 info This computer has the following IP address(es): 192.168.0.10 info The default gateway is in the same subnet as this computer info The default gateway entry is a valid unicast address info The default gateway address was resolved via ARP in 1 try(ies) info The default gateway was reached via ICMP Ping in 1 try(ies) info TCP port 80 on host 65.55.12.249 was successfully reached info The Internet host www.microsoft.com was successfully reached info The default gateway is OK DNS Client Diagnostic DNS - Not a home user scenario info Using Web Proxy: no info Resolving name ok for (www.microsoft.com): yes No DNS servers DNS failure HTTP, HTTPS, FTP Diagnostic HTTP, HTTPS, FTP connectivity info FTP (Passive): Successfully connected to ftp.microsoft.com. info HTTP: Successfully connected to www.microsoft.com. warn HTTPS: Error 12002 connecting to www.microsoft.com: The operation timed out warn HTTPS: Error 12002 connecting to www.passport.net: The operation timed out error Could not make an HTTPS connection. info Redirecting user to support call WinSock Diagnostic WinSock status info All base service provider entries are present in the Winsock catalog. info The Winsock Service provider chains are valid. info Provider entry MSAFD Tcpip [TCP/IP] passed the loopback communication test. info Provider entry MSAFD Tcpip [UDP/IP] passed the loopback communication test. info Provider entry RSVP UDP Service Provider passed the loopback communication test. info Provider entry RSVP TCP Service Provider passed the loopback communication test. info Connectivity is valid for all Winsock service providers. Wireless Diagnostic Wireless - Service disabled Wireless - User SSID action User input required: Specify network name or SSID Wireless - First time setup info The Wireless Network name (SSID) to which the user would like to connect = RodSof Wifi. Wireless - Radio off info Valid IP address detected: 192.168.0.10 Wireless - Out of range Wireless - Hardware issue Wireless - Novice user Wireless - Ad-hoc network Wireless - Less preferred Wireless - 802.1x enabled Wireless - Configuration mismatch Wireless - Low SNR Network Adapter Diagnostic Network location detection info Using home Internet connection Network adapter identification info Network connection: Name=Local Area Connection 2, Device=Realtek RTL8168C(P)/8111C(P) PCI-E Gigabit Ethernet NIC, MediaType=LAN, SubMediaType=LAN info Network connection: Name=Wireless USB, Device=NETGEAR WG111v2 54Mbps Wireless USB 2.0 Adapter, MediaType=LAN, SubMediaType=WIRELESS info Both Ethernet and Wireless connections available, prompting user for selection action User input required: Select network connection info Wireless connection selected Network adapter status info Network connection status: Connected HTTP, HTTPS, FTP Diagnostic HTTP, HTTPS, FTP connectivity info FTP (Active): Successfully connected to ftp.microsoft.com. warn HTTP: Error 12007 connecting to www.microsoft.com: The server name or address could not be resolved warn HTTP: Error 12002 connecting to www.hotmail.com: The operation timed out warn HTTPS: Error 12002 connecting to www.passport.net: The operation timed out warn HTTPS: Error 12002 connecting to www.microsoft.com: The operation timed out error Could not make an HTTP connection. error Could not make an HTTPS connection.

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  • Begin the Clone Wars Have!

    - by Antony Reynolds
    Creating a New Virtual Machine from an Existing Virtual Disk In previous posts I described how I set up an OEL6 machine under VirtualBox that can run an 11gR2 database and FMW 11.1.1.5.  That is great if you want the DB and FMW running in the same virtual image and it has served me well for some proof of concepts and also for some testing of different JVMs.  However I also wanted to run some testing of FMW with the database running on a separate physical machine.  So in this post I will show how to take a VirtualBox image and create a new image based on the disks from that original image. What are my Options? There is more than one way to skin a cat, or in this case to create two separate VMs that can run on different hardware.  Some of the options include: Create new virtual disk images for each new VM. Clone the existing disk images and point the new VM at the cloned images. Point the new VM at the existing snapshots. #1 is too much like hard work, install OEL twice, install a database again, install FMW again, run RCU again!  Life is too short! #2 is probably the safest way of doing things.  VirtualBox allows you to clone a disk image for use in a separate machine.  However this of course duplicates the disk and means that it is now occupying 3 times the space, once for the original disk and twice more for the two clones I would need. #3 is the most space efficient way of doing things.  It does mean however that I can only run the new “cloned” images if I have access to the original image because that is where the base snapshots reside.  However this is not a problem for me as long as I remember to keep all threee images together.  So this is the approach we will follow. Snapshot, What Snapshot? As we are going to create new virtual machines based on existing snapshots we need to figure out which snapshot to use.  We do this by opening the “Media Manager” from within VirtualBox and moving the mouse over the snapshot images until we find the snapshots we want – the snapshot name is identified in the “Attached to:” comment.  In my case I wanted the FMW installed snapshot because that had a database configured for FMW alongside the FMW software.  I made a note of the filename of that snapshot (actually I just noted the first 5 characters as that was all that was needed to uniquely identify the snapshot file). When we create the new machines we will point them at the snapshot filename we have just checked. Network or NotWork? Because we want the two new machines to communicate with each other when hosted in different physical machines we can’t use the default NAT networking mode without a lot of hassle.  But at the same time we need them to have fixed IP addresses relative to each other so that they can see each other whilst also being able to see the outside world. To achieve all these requirements I created two network adapters for each machine.  Adapter 1 was a standard NAT mapping.  This will allow each machine to get a dynamic IP address (10.0.2.15 by default) that can be used to access the external world through the VBox provided NAT gateway.  This is the same as the existing configuration. The second adapter I created as a bridged adapter.  This gives the virtual machine direct access to the host network card and by using fixed IP addresses each machine can see the other.  It is important to choose fixed IP addresses that are not routable across your internal network so you don’t get any clashes with other machines on your network.  Of course you could always get proper fixed IP addresses from your network people, but I have serveral people using my images and as long as I don’t have two instances of the same VM on the same network segment this is easier and avoids reconfiguring the network every time someone wants a copy of my VM.  If it is available I would suggest using the 10.0.3.* network as 10.0.2.* is the default NAT network.  You can check availability by pinging 10.0.3.1 and 10.0.3.2 from your host machine.  If it times out then you are probably safe to use that. Creating the New VMs Now that I had collected the data that I needed I went ahead and created the new VMs. When asked for a “Boot Hard Disk” I used the “Choose a virtual hard disk file…” link to find the snapshot I had previously selected and set that to be the existing hard disk.  I chose the previously existing SOA 11.1.1.5 install for both the new DB and FMW machines because that snapshot had the database with the RCU completed that I wanted for my DB machine and it had the SOA software installed which I wanted for my FMW machine. After the initial creation of the virtual machine go into the network setting section and enable a second adapter which will be bridged.  Make a note of the MAC addresses (the last four digits should be sufficient) of the two adapters so that you can later set the bridged adapter to use fixed IP and the NAT adapter to use DHCP. We are now ready to start the VMs and reconfigure Linux. Reconfiguring Linux Because I now have two new machines I need to change their network configuration.  In particular I need to change the hostname, update the hosts file and change the network settings. Changing the Hostname I renamed both hosts by running the hostname command as root: hostname vboxfmw.oracle.com I also edited the /etc/sysconfig file and set the correct hostname in there. HOSTNAME=vboxfmw.oracle.com Changing the Network Settings I needed to change the network configuration to give the bridged network a fixed IP address.  I first explicitly set the MAC addresses of the two adapters, because the order of the virtual adapters in the VirtualBox Manager is not necessarily the same as the order of the adapters in the guest OS.  So I went in to the System->Preferences->Network Connections screen and explicitly set the “Device MAC address” for the two adapters. Having correctly mapped the Linux adapters to the VirtualBox adapters I then set the Bridged adapter to use fixed IP addressing rather than DHCP.  There is no need for additional routing or default gateways because we expect the two machine to be on the same LAN segment. Updating the Hosts File Having renamed the machines and reconfigured the network I then updated the /etc/hosts file to refer to the new machine name add a new line to the hosts file to provide an additional IP address for my server (the new fixed IP address) add a new line for the fixed IP address of the other virtual machine 10.0.3.101      vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  # Added by NetworkManager 10.0.2.15       vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  # Added by NetworkManager 10.0.3.102      vboxfmw.oracle.com      vboxfmw # Added by NetworkManager 127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost ::1     vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 To make sure everything takes effect I restarted the server. Reconfiguring the Database on the DB Machine Because we changed the hostname the listener and the EM console no longer start so I need to modify the listener.ora to use the new hostname and I also need to rebuild the EM configuration because it also relies on the hostname. I edited the $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora and changed the listening address to the new hostname:       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vboxdb.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521)) After changing the listener.ora I was able to start the listener using: lsnrctl start I also had to reconfigure the EM database control.  I first deconfigured it using the command: emca -deconfig dbcontrol db -repos drop This drops the repository and removes any existing registered dbcontrols. I then re-configured it using the following command: emca -config dbcontrol db -repos create This creates the EM repository and then configures and starts dbcontrol. Now my database machine is ready so I can close it down and take a snapshot. Disabling the Database on the FMW Machine I set up the database to start automatically by creating a service called “dbora”.  On the FMW machine I do not need the database running so I can prevent it auto-starting by running the following command: chkconfig –del dbora Note that because I am using a snapshot it is not a waste of disk space to have the DB installed but not used.  As long as I don’t run it, it won’t cost me anything. I can now close the FMW machine down and take a snapshot. Creating a New Domain The FMW machine is now ready to create a new domain.  When creating the domain I can point it at the second machine which is running the database.  I can potentially run these machines on two separate physical machines as long as I have the original virtual machine available to both of the physical machines. Gotchas in Snapshotting VirtualBox does not support the concept of linked machines in a network like some virtualization technologies so when creating a snapshot it is a good idea to shut both VMs down and then take a snapshot on both of them.  This is because we want to keep the database in sync with the middleware.  One way to make sure that this happens would be to place all the domain configuration files on the database server via an NFS share, this would mean that all we would need to snapshot would be the database machine because that would hold all the state and configuration. The Sky’s the Limit We have covered a simple case of having just two machines.  I have a more complicated configuration in which two machine run a RAC database off the same base OS image, and two more machines run a SOA cluster based on the same OS image.  Just remember what machine holds state and what are the consequences of taking a snapshot.

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  • OpenVPN not connecting

    - by LandArch
    There have been a number of post similar to this, but none seem to satisfy my need. Plus I am a Ubuntu newbie. I followed this tutorial to completely set up OpenVPN on Ubuntu 12.04 server. Here is my server.conf file ################################################# # Sample OpenVPN 2.0 config file for # # multi-client server. # # # # This file is for the server side # # of a many-clients <-> one-server # # OpenVPN configuration. # # # # OpenVPN also supports # # single-machine <-> single-machine # # configurations (See the Examples page # # on the web site for more info). # # # # This config should work on Windows # # or Linux/BSD systems. Remember on # # Windows to quote pathnames and use # # double backslashes, e.g.: # # "C:\\Program Files\\OpenVPN\\config\\foo.key" # # # # Comments are preceded with '#' or ';' # ################################################# # Which local IP address should OpenVPN # listen on? (optional) local 192.168.13.8 # Which TCP/UDP port should OpenVPN listen on? # If you want to run multiple OpenVPN instances # on the same machine, use a different port # number for each one. You will need to # open up this port on your firewall. port 1194 # TCP or UDP server? proto tcp ;proto udp # "dev tun" will create a routed IP tunnel, # "dev tap" will create an ethernet tunnel. # Use "dev tap0" if you are ethernet bridging # and have precreated a tap0 virtual interface # and bridged it with your ethernet interface. # If you want to control access policies # over the VPN, you must create firewall # rules for the the TUN/TAP interface. # On non-Windows systems, you can give # an explicit unit number, such as tun0. # On Windows, use "dev-node" for this. # On most systems, the VPN will not function # unless you partially or fully disable # the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface. dev tap0 up "/etc/openvpn/up.sh br0" down "/etc/openvpn/down.sh br0" ;dev tun # Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name # from the Network Connections panel if you # have more than one. On XP SP2 or higher, # you may need to selectively disable the # Windows firewall for the TAP adapter. # Non-Windows systems usually don't need this. ;dev-node MyTap # SSL/TLS root certificate (ca), certificate # (cert), and private key (key). Each client # and the server must have their own cert and # key file. The server and all clients will # use the same ca file. # # See the "easy-rsa" directory for a series # of scripts for generating RSA certificates # and private keys. Remember to use # a unique Common Name for the server # and each of the client certificates. # # Any X509 key management system can be used. # OpenVPN can also use a PKCS #12 formatted key file # (see "pkcs12" directive in man page). ca "/etc/openvpn/ca.crt" cert "/etc/openvpn/server.crt" key "/etc/openvpn/server.key" # This file should be kept secret # Diffie hellman parameters. # Generate your own with: # openssl dhparam -out dh1024.pem 1024 # Substitute 2048 for 1024 if you are using # 2048 bit keys. dh dh1024.pem # Configure server mode and supply a VPN subnet # for OpenVPN to draw client addresses from. # The server will take 10.8.0.1 for itself, # the rest will be made available to clients. # Each client will be able to reach the server # on 10.8.0.1. Comment this line out if you are # ethernet bridging. See the man page for more info. ;server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 # Maintain a record of client <-> virtual IP address # associations in this file. If OpenVPN goes down or # is restarted, reconnecting clients can be assigned # the same virtual IP address from the pool that was # previously assigned. ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt # Configure server mode for ethernet bridging. # You must first use your OS's bridging capability # to bridge the TAP interface with the ethernet # NIC interface. Then you must manually set the # IP/netmask on the bridge interface, here we # assume 10.8.0.4/255.255.255.0. Finally we # must set aside an IP range in this subnet # (start=10.8.0.50 end=10.8.0.100) to allocate # to connecting clients. Leave this line commented # out unless you are ethernet bridging. server-bridge 192.168.13.101 255.255.255.0 192.168.13.105 192.168.13.200 # Configure server mode for ethernet bridging # using a DHCP-proxy, where clients talk # to the OpenVPN server-side DHCP server # to receive their IP address allocation # and DNS server addresses. You must first use # your OS's bridging capability to bridge the TAP # interface with the ethernet NIC interface. # Note: this mode only works on clients (such as # Windows), where the client-side TAP adapter is # bound to a DHCP client. ;server-bridge # Push routes to the client to allow it # to reach other private subnets behind # the server. Remember that these # private subnets will also need # to know to route the OpenVPN client # address pool (10.8.0.0/255.255.255.0) # back to the OpenVPN server. push "route 192.168.13.1 255.255.255.0" push "dhcp-option DNS 192.168.13.201" push "dhcp-option DOMAIN blahblah.dyndns-wiki.com" ;push "route 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0" # To assign specific IP addresses to specific # clients or if a connecting client has a private # subnet behind it that should also have VPN access, # use the subdirectory "ccd" for client-specific # configuration files (see man page for more info). # EXAMPLE: Suppose the client # having the certificate common name "Thelonious" # also has a small subnet behind his connecting # machine, such as 192.168.40.128/255.255.255.248. # First, uncomment out these lines: ;client-config-dir ccd ;route 192.168.40.128 255.255.255.248 # Then create a file ccd/Thelonious with this line: # iroute 192.168.40.128 255.255.255.248 # This will allow Thelonious' private subnet to # access the VPN. This example will only work # if you are routing, not bridging, i.e. you are # using "dev tun" and "server" directives. # EXAMPLE: Suppose you want to give # Thelonious a fixed VPN IP address of 10.9.0.1. # First uncomment out these lines: ;client-config-dir ccd ;route 10.9.0.0 255.255.255.252 # Then add this line to ccd/Thelonious: # ifconfig-push 10.9.0.1 10.9.0.2 # Suppose that you want to enable different # firewall access policies for different groups # of clients. There are two methods: # (1) Run multiple OpenVPN daemons, one for each # group, and firewall the TUN/TAP interface # for each group/daemon appropriately. # (2) (Advanced) Create a script to dynamically # modify the firewall in response to access # from different clients. See man # page for more info on learn-address script. ;learn-address ./script # If enabled, this directive will configure # all clients to redirect their default # network gateway through the VPN, causing # all IP traffic such as web browsing and # and DNS lookups to go through the VPN # (The OpenVPN server machine may need to NAT # or bridge the TUN/TAP interface to the internet # in order for this to work properly). ;push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" # Certain Windows-specific network settings # can be pushed to clients, such as DNS # or WINS server addresses. CAVEAT: # http://openvpn.net/faq.html#dhcpcaveats # The addresses below refer to the public # DNS servers provided by opendns.com. ;push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.222.222" ;push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.220.220" # Uncomment this directive to allow different # clients to be able to "see" each other. # By default, clients will only see the server. # To force clients to only see the server, you # will also need to appropriately firewall the # server's TUN/TAP interface. ;client-to-client # Uncomment this directive if multiple clients # might connect with the same certificate/key # files or common names. This is recommended # only for testing purposes. For production use, # each client should have its own certificate/key # pair. # # IF YOU HAVE NOT GENERATED INDIVIDUAL # CERTIFICATE/KEY PAIRS FOR EACH CLIENT, # EACH HAVING ITS OWN UNIQUE "COMMON NAME", # UNCOMMENT THIS LINE OUT. ;duplicate-cn # The keepalive directive causes ping-like # messages to be sent back and forth over # the link so that each side knows when # the other side has gone down. # Ping every 10 seconds, assume that remote # peer is down if no ping received during # a 120 second time period. keepalive 10 120 # For extra security beyond that provided # by SSL/TLS, create an "HMAC firewall" # to help block DoS attacks and UDP port flooding. # # Generate with: # openvpn --genkey --secret ta.key # # The server and each client must have # a copy of this key. # The second parameter should be '0' # on the server and '1' on the clients. ;tls-auth ta.key 0 # This file is secret # Select a cryptographic cipher. # This config item must be copied to # the client config file as well. ;cipher BF-CBC # Blowfish (default) ;cipher AES-128-CBC # AES ;cipher DES-EDE3-CBC # Triple-DES # Enable compression on the VPN link. # If you enable it here, you must also # enable it in the client config file. comp-lzo # The maximum number of concurrently connected # clients we want to allow. ;max-clients 100 # It's a good idea to reduce the OpenVPN # daemon's privileges after initialization. # # You can uncomment this out on # non-Windows systems. user nobody group nogroup # The persist options will try to avoid # accessing certain resources on restart # that may no longer be accessible because # of the privilege downgrade. persist-key persist-tun # Output a short status file showing # current connections, truncated # and rewritten every minute. status openvpn-status.log # By default, log messages will go to the syslog (or # on Windows, if running as a service, they will go to # the "\Program Files\OpenVPN\log" directory). # Use log or log-append to override this default. # "log" will truncate the log file on OpenVPN startup, # while "log-append" will append to it. Use one # or the other (but not both). ;log openvpn.log ;log-append openvpn.log # Set the appropriate level of log # file verbosity. # # 0 is silent, except for fatal errors # 4 is reasonable for general usage # 5 and 6 can help to debug connection problems # 9 is extremely verbose verb 3 # Silence repeating messages. At most 20 # sequential messages of the same message # category will be output to the log. ;mute 20 I am using Windows 7 as the Client and set that up accordingly using the OpenVPN GUI. That conf file is as follows: ############################################## # Sample client-side OpenVPN 2.0 config file # # for connecting to multi-client server. # # # # This configuration can be used by multiple # # clients, however each client should have # # its own cert and key files. # # # # On Windows, you might want to rename this # # file so it has a .ovpn extension # ############################################## # Specify that we are a client and that we # will be pulling certain config file directives # from the server. client # Use the same setting as you are using on # the server. # On most systems, the VPN will not function # unless you partially or fully disable # the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface. dev tap0 up "/etc/openvpn/up.sh br0" down "/etc/openvpn/down.sh br0" ;dev tun # Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name # from the Network Connections panel # if you have more than one. On XP SP2, # you may need to disable the firewall # for the TAP adapter. ;dev-node MyTap # Are we connecting to a TCP or # UDP server? Use the same setting as # on the server. proto tcp ;proto udp # The hostname/IP and port of the server. # You can have multiple remote entries # to load balance between the servers. blahblah.dyndns-wiki.com 1194 ;remote my-server-2 1194 # Choose a random host from the remote # list for load-balancing. Otherwise # try hosts in the order specified. ;remote-random # Keep trying indefinitely to resolve the # host name of the OpenVPN server. Very useful # on machines which are not permanently connected # to the internet such as laptops. resolv-retry infinite # Most clients don't need to bind to # a specific local port number. nobind # Downgrade privileges after initialization (non-Windows only) user nobody group nobody # Try to preserve some state across restarts. persist-key persist-tun # If you are connecting through an # HTTP proxy to reach the actual OpenVPN # server, put the proxy server/IP and # port number here. See the man page # if your proxy server requires # authentication. ;http-proxy-retry # retry on connection failures ;http-proxy [proxy server] [proxy port #] # Wireless networks often produce a lot # of duplicate packets. Set this flag # to silence duplicate packet warnings. ;mute-replay-warnings # SSL/TLS parms. # See the server config file for more # description. It's best to use # a separate .crt/.key file pair # for each client. A single ca # file can be used for all clients. ca "C:\\Program Files\OpenVPN\config\\ca.crt" cert "C:\\Program Files\OpenVPN\config\\ChadMWade-THINK.crt" key "C:\\Program Files\OpenVPN\config\\ChadMWade-THINK.key" # Verify server certificate by checking # that the certicate has the nsCertType # field set to "server". This is an # important precaution to protect against # a potential attack discussed here: # http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm # # To use this feature, you will need to generate # your server certificates with the nsCertType # field set to "server". The build-key-server # script in the easy-rsa folder will do this. ns-cert-type server # If a tls-auth key is used on the server # then every client must also have the key. ;tls-auth ta.key 1 # Select a cryptographic cipher. # If the cipher option is used on the server # then you must also specify it here. ;cipher x # Enable compression on the VPN link. # Don't enable this unless it is also # enabled in the server config file. comp-lzo # Set log file verbosity. verb 3 # Silence repeating messages ;mute 20 Not sure whats left to do.

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  • VPN iptables Forwarding: Net-to-net

    - by Mike Holler
    I've tried to look elsewhere on this site but I couldn't find anything matching this problem. Right now I have an ipsec tunnel open between our local network and a remote network. Currently, the local box running Openswan ipsec with the tunnel open can ping the remote ipsec box and any of the other computers in the remote network. When logged into on of the remote computers, I can ping any box in our local network. That's what works, this is what doesn't: I can't ping any of the remote computers via a local machine that is not the ipsec box. Here's a diagram of our network: [local ipsec box] ----------\ \ [arbitrary local computer] --[local gateway/router] -- [internet] -- [remote ipsec box] -- [arbitrary remote computer] The local ipsec box and the arbitrary local computer have no direct contact, instead they communicate through the gateway/router. The router has been set up to forward requests from local computers for the remote subnet to the ipsec box. This works. The problem is the ipsec box doesn't forward anything. Whenever an arbitrary local computer pings something on the remote subnet, this is the response: [user@localhost ~]# ping 172.16.53.12 PING 172.16.53.12 (172.16.53.12) 56(84) bytes of data. From 10.31.14.16 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Prohibited From 10.31.14.16 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Prohibited From 10.31.14.16 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Prohibited Here's the traceroute: [root@localhost ~]# traceroute 172.16.53.12 traceroute to 172.16.53.12 (172.16.53.12), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 router.address.net (10.31.14.1) 0.374 ms 0.566 ms 0.651 ms 2 10.31.14.16 (10.31.14.16) 2.068 ms 2.081 ms 2.100 ms 3 10.31.14.16 (10.31.14.16) 2.132 ms !X 2.272 ms !X 2.312 ms !X That's the IP for our ipsec box it's reaching, but it's not being forwarded. On the IPSec box I have enabled IP Forwarding in /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 And I have tried to set up IPTables to forward: *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [759:71213] -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 25 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 500 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW -m udp --dport 4500 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m policy --dir in --pol ipsec -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p esp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited -A FORWARD -s 10.31.14.0/24 -d 172.16.53.0/24 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -m policy --dir in --pol ipsec -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited COMMIT Am I missing a rule in IPTables? Is there something I forgot? NOTE: All the machines are running CentOS 6.x Edit: Note 2: eth1 is the only network interface on the local ipsec box.

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  • Winsock tcp/ip Socket listening but connection refused, race condition?

    - by Wayne
    Hello folks. This involves two automated unit tests which each start up a tcp/ip server that creates a non-blocking socket then bind()s and listen()s in a loop on select() for a client that connects and downloads some data. The catch is that they work perfectly when run separately but when run as a test suite, the second test client will fail to connect with WSACONNREFUSED... UNLESS there is a Thread.Sleep() of several seconds between them??!!! Interestingly, there is retry loop every 1 second for connecting after any failure. So the second test loops for a while until timeout after 10 minutes. During that time, netstat -na shows the correct port number is in the LISTEN state for the server socket. So if it is in the listen state? Why won't it accept the connection? In the code, there are log messages that show the select NEVER even gets a socket ready to read (which means ready to accept a connection when it applies to a listening socket). Obviously the problem must be related to some race condition between finishing one test which means close() and shutdown() on each end of the socket, and the start up of the next. This wouldn't be so bad if the retry logic allowed it to connect eventually after a couple of seconds. However it seems to get "gummed up" and won't even retry. However, for some strange reason the listening socket SAYS it's in the LISTEN state even through keeps refusing connections. So that means it's the Windoze O/S which is actually catching the SYN packet and returning a RST packet (which means "Connection Refused"). The only other time I ever saw this error was when the code had a problem that caused hundreds of sockets to get stuck in TIME_WAIT state. But that's not the case here. netstat shows only about a dozen sockets with only 1 or 2 in TIME_WAIT at any given moment. Please help.

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  • Hyper-V + RRAS NAT + Port Forwarding + RDP, can I get it all working together?

    - by Tom Bull
    I am running a Windows 2008 R2 server with various services running natively and two virtualised servers running on Hyper-V. The hardware server, I'm going to call it REAL1, has one external NIC, to which I can assign any of the following IP addresses: 1.2.3.4, 1.2.3.5, 1.2.3.6, etc... I need to achieve the following: I would like to be able to connect to REAL1 via remote desktop (RDP / port 3389) on one IP address (say 1.2.3.4), but also to the virtualised servers (I'm going to call them VIRTUAL1 and VIRTUAL2) on the other available IP addresses (say 1.2.3.5 and 1.2.3.6). The easiest way of doing this is to connect the virtual servers directly to the external interface and assign them each their own IP address. REAL1 will have 1.2.3.4, VIRTUAL1 will have 1.2.3.5 and VIRTUAL2 will have 1.2.3.6. Unfortunately, although I don't directly manage the two virtual servers, I have responsibility for their security. I would like to have some kind of firewall between the virtual servers an the internet. I have tried running a virtual machine firewall, but have found the performance on Hyper-V pretty terrible. The alternative I am now trying is Routing and Remote Access (RRAS): I have set up a virtual network called 'Internal' and REAL1 has a virtual network adapter connected to this virtual network I have connected each of the virtual servers to this network too I have assigned each server static IP addresses on this virtual network (REAL1 has 10.1.1.1, VIRTUAL1 has 10.1.1.2 and VIRTUAL2 has 10.1.1.3) I have installed RRAS and set up a NAT. The external interface is the external NIC, the internal interface is the virtual NIC connected to the internal network I have assigned all the available external IP addresses to the external NIC on REAL1. The virtual servers have been set up appropriately such that their default gateway is pointing to 10.1.1.1 and they can both access externally. Success! The RRAS is routing packets. The problem I have is that when I try to port forward services from the external IP address on REAL1, it only works if there is not already a service bound to the port. Remote desktop 'greedily' binds to every available IP address on port 3389 on REAL1 so I can't selectively forward incoming traffic for 1.2.3.5:3389 to 10.1.1.2:3389. RRAS will allow me to set up this port forwarding, and no errors come up. It just doesn't work. So the question I have is: Is there a better way of doing this? Or at least is there a way of resolving the apparant conflict between RRAS and everything else on the physical server?

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  • Can't Connect to IIS Ftp Site under Amazon EC2

    - by h3n
    IIS 7.5: Ftp Firewall Suport: Data Ranges 49152-65535 using external Ip of Amazon EC2 static IP Ftp IPv4 Restriction: allow: Amazon EC2 static IP Ftp Authentication: Anonymous: Enabled, Basic: Disabled, IISMgr: Enabled Ftp Authorization: Allow All Users: Read/Write Windows Firewall (Inbound): Open port 21 Open port ranges: 49152-65535 (Outbound) Open port: 20 Amazon EC2 Security Group: Custom TCP Rule: 21 Custom TCP Rule: 49152-65535 It works on Internet Explorer when I typed the address: ftp://localhost on the server but when I entered the Amazon EC2 Static IP (ftp://IPADRESS) it doesnt connect. I cant connect also to FileZilla

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  • Seeing 10.x.x.x addresses in my BitTorrent client

    - by Legend
    Off late, I am seeing a number of IP addresses starting with 10.x.x.x in my bittorrent peer list. Aren't these IP addresses supposed to be private ones? I don't understand how I am able to see the IP address instead of the WAN (external IP) of the client... Any one knows why?

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  • Configuring VLAN's on two HP procurve switches

    - by pan
    Trying to route a new ISP (Microwave link) from one of my out buildings to my computer room and hence my firewall. Old ISP came direct into firewall. In the outbuilding the Microwave modem connects with cat5 to HP Procurve 2524 switch. Because this ISP is coming through my internal network, I plan on using a new vlan called "airspeed" only for this ISP traffic. Up until now I've just been using the Default_vlan on both HP switches (4108 + 2524). So far I've been unable to ping from my laptop to the ISP modem both of which are on the new vlan 2 ("Airspeed"). No traffic needs to cross from vlan 2 to vlan 1 so I've left the ports as untagged. I've used the subnet provide from my ISP as the new vlan 2 subnet. Can anybody see what I'm doing wrong here? I've added the configuration of both switch below. Rough diagram: Microwave modem (Gateway IP 77.75.00.49) | HP 2524 switch (port 24) | HP 2524 switch fibre link | HP 4108GL switch fibre link | HP 4108GL switch (port D1) | Laptop configured with IP 77.75.00.50 (for testing but will be connected to firewall) And my 4108GL config: ; J4865A Configuration Editor; Created on release #G.07.21 hostname "HP ProCurve Switch 4108GL" cdp run module 1 type J4864A module 2 type J4862B module 3 type J4862B module 4 type J4862B ip default-gateway 128.1.146.50 snmp-server community "public" Unrestricted snmp-server host 128.1.146.51 "public" Not-INFO snmp-server host 128.1.146.38 "public" vlan 1 name "DEFAULT_VLAN" untagged A1-A3,B1-B24,C1-C24,D2-D24 ip address 128.1.146.203 255.255.0.0 no untagged D1 exit vlan 2 name "Airspeed" untagged D1 ip address 77.75.00.51 255.255.255.248 exit Finally my 2524 config: ; J4813A Configuration Editor; Created on release #F.04.08 hostname "HP ProCurve Switch 2524" cdp run ip default-gateway 0.0.0.0 snmp-server community "public" Unrestricted snmp-server host 128.1.146.51 "public" Not-INFO snmp-server host 128.1.146.51 "public" snmp-server host 128.1.146.38 "public" vlan 1 name "DEFAULT_VLAN" untagged 1-23,25-26 no untagged 24 ip address 128.1.146.204 255.255.0.0 exit vlan 2 name "Airspeed" untagged 24 ip address 77.75.00.51 255.255.255.248 exit no aaa port-access authenticator active

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  • How do I add a broadcast IP to the loopback interface under os/x using ifconfig when my machine has no network?

    - by bandodeotarios
    I'm new to advanced network administration and I would like to do some testing with UDP broadcasting, so I need a broadcast address on my loopback interface. The machine is offline, in other words, there is no network. How can I accomplish that through ifconfig without having to buy a switch as one user in the comments suggested. In Linux all i have to do is use 127.255.255.255 and broadcasts work fine without any network or any switch. If I have a network i can just use 255.255.255.255, obviously.

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  • Audit success in event log from not administrator IP - is that immediately a hack success indicator?

    - by Valentin Kuzub
    I checked event log today and between mass of failed audit events I found some successes which originated from not my country. However they look a little weird and no process is specified, while when I logon using RDP it says winlogon.exe I am wondering whether that means my system was compromised or there are good variants and it doesnt mean its all that bad. I am using a VPS solution if thats useful.

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  • Open ports broken from internal network

    - by ksvi
    Quick summary: Forwarded port works from the outside world, but from the internal network using the external IP the connection is refused. This is a simplified situation to make the explanation easier: I have a computer that is running a service on port 12345. This computer has an internal IP 192.168.1.100 and is connected directly to a modem/router which has internal IP 192.168.1.1 and external (public, static) IP 1.2.3.4. (The router is TP-LINK TD-w8960N) I have set up port forwarding (virtual server) at port 12345 to go to port 12345 at 192.168.1.100. If I run telnet 192.168.1.100 12345 from the same computer everything works. But running telnet 1.2.3.4 12345 says connection refused. If I do this on another computer (on the same internal network, connected to the router) the same thing happens. This would seem like the port forwarding is not working. However... If I run a online port checking service on my external IP and the service port it says the port is open and I can see the remote server connecting and immediately closing connection. And using another computer that is connected to the internet using a mobile connection I can also use telnet 1.2.3.4 12345 and I get a working connection. So the port forwarding seems to be working, however using external IP from the internal network doesn't. I have no idea what can be causing this, since another setup very much like this (different router) works for me. I can access a service running on a server from inside the network both through the internal and external IP. Note: I know I could just use the internal IP inside of the network to access this service. But if I have a laptop that must be able to do this both from inside and outside it would be annoying to constantly switch between 1.2.3.4 and 192.168.1.100 in the software configuration. Router output: > iptables -t nat -L -n Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 224.0.0.0/3 DNAT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 to:192.168.1.101 DNAT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:25 to:192.168.1.101 DNAT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:110 to:192.168.1.101 DNAT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:12345 to:192.168.1.102 DNAT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.1 udp dpt:53 to:217.118.96.203 Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination MASQUERADE all -- 192.168.1.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination

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  • Is it possible to do DNS-based ACLs on a Cisco ASA?

    - by pickles
    Short of using static IP addresses, is it possible to have a Cisco ASA use a DNS name rather than an IP address? For instance, if I want to limit a host in the DMZ to access only one particular web service, but that web service might be globally load balanced or using DynDNS or cloud, how can the ACL be expressed so that a fixed IP address isn't used and the admin doesn't have to keep opening and closing down IP addresses?

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  • IKE Phase 1 Aggressive Mode exchange does not complete

    - by Isaac Sutherland
    I've configured a 3G IP Gateway of mine to connect using IKE Phase 1 Aggressive Mode with PSK to my openswan installation running on Ubuntu server 12.04. I've configured openswan as follows: /etc/ipsec.conf: version 2.0 config setup nat_traversal=yes virtual_private=%v4:10.0.0.0/8,%v4:192.168.0.0/16,%v4:172.16.0.0/12 oe=off protostack=netkey conn net-to-net authby=secret left=192.168.0.11 [email protected] leftsubnet=10.1.0.0/16 leftsourceip=10.1.0.1 right=%any [email protected] rightsubnet=192.168.127.0/24 rightsourceip=192.168.127.254 aggrmode=yes ike=aes128-md5;modp1536 auto=add /etc/ipsec.secrets: @left.paxcoda.com @right.paxcoda.com: PSK "testpassword" Note that both left and right are NAT'd, with dynamic public IP's. My left ISP gives my router a public IP, but my right ISP gives me a shared dynamic public IP and dynamic private IP. I have dynamic dns for the public ip on the left side. Here is what I see when I sniff the ISAKMP protocol: 21:17:31.228715 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 235, id 43639, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 437) 74.198.87.93.49604 > 192.168.0.11.isakmp: [udp sum ok] isakmp 1.0 msgid 00000000 cookie da31a7896e2a1958->0000000000000000: phase 1 I agg: (sa: doi=ipsec situation=identity (p: #1 protoid=isakmp transform=1 (t: #1 id=ike (type=enc value=aes)(type=keylen value=0080)(type=hash value=md5)(type=auth value=preshared)(type=group desc value=modp1536)(type=lifetype value=sec)(type=lifeduration len=4 value=00015180)))) (ke: key len=192) (nonce: n len=16 data=(da31a7896e2a19582b33...0000001462b01880674b3739630ca7558cec8a89)) (id: idtype=FQDN protoid=0 port=0 len=17 right.paxcoda.com) (vid: len=16) (vid: len=16) (vid: len=16) (vid: len=16) 21:17:31.236720 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto UDP (17), length 456) 192.168.0.11.isakmp > 74.198.87.93.49604: [bad udp cksum 0x649c -> 0xcd2f!] isakmp 1.0 msgid 00000000 cookie da31a7896e2a1958->5b9776d4ea8b61b7: phase 1 R agg: (sa: doi=ipsec situation=identity (p: #1 protoid=isakmp transform=1 (t: #1 id=ike (type=enc value=aes)(type=keylen value=0080)(type=hash value=md5)(type=auth value=preshared)(type=group desc value=modp1536)(type=lifetype value=sec)(type=lifeduration len=4 value=00015180)))) (ke: key len=192) (nonce: n len=16 data=(32ccefcb793afb368975...000000144a131c81070358455c5728f20e95452f)) (id: idtype=FQDN protoid=0 port=0 len=16 left.paxcoda.com) (hash: len=16) (vid: len=16) (pay20) (pay20) (vid: len=16) However, my 3G Gateway (on the right) doesn't respond, and I don't know why. I think left's response is indeed getting through to my gateway, because in another question, I was trying to set up a similar scenario with Main Mode IKE, and in that case it looks as though at least one of the three 2-way main mode exchanges succeeded. What other explanation for the failure is there? (The 3G Gateway I'm using on the right is a Moxa G3150, by the way.)

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  • DNS entries for OCS 2007 R2 basic deploy

    - by Anero
    I'm doing a test deploy on a Lab with 3 VMs: TEST-DC: DC / DHCP / DNS / Root CA (Joined to TEST.AD Domain) TEST-CS: OCS Front End (Joined to TEST.AD Domain - IP: 10.0.128.1) TEST-EDGES: OCS Edge Server (Joined to Workgroup: EDGE-WKG - Internal IP: 10.0.128.3, External IPs: 192.168.129.12 - Access Edge Server, 192.168.129.13 - Web Conferencing, 192.168.129.14 - A/V) I can login with the Communicator Client from within computers in the domain (using [email protected]) and even the Automatic Sign-In works as expected. Nevertheless, I cannot login neither from within machines in the domain nor from outside the domain using [email protected]. I'm pretty sure it is a DNS related issue, so I'm including below a list of the entries. DNS Entries on TEST-DC: Forward Lookup Zones TEST.AD sip.test.ad (Host A). IP Address: 10.0.128.1 sipinternal.test.ad (Host A). IP Address: 10.0.128.1 sipexternal.test.ad (Host A). IP Address: 10.0.128.3 _sipinternaltls._tcp.test.ad (Service Location SRV). Port: 5061. Host: sipinternal.test.ad _sipinternal._tcp.test.ad (Service Location SRV). Port: 5061. Host: sipinternal.test.ad _sip._tcp.test.ad (Service Location SRV). Port: 5061. Host: sipexternal.test.ad _sipfederationtls._tcp.test.ad (Service Location SRV). Port: 5061. Host: sipexternal.test.ad _sip._tls.test.ad (Service Location SRV). Port: 443. Host: sipexternal.test.ad TEST.COM sip.test.com (Host A). IP Address: 10.0.128.1 sipinternal.test.com (Host A). IP Address: 10.0.128.1 sipexternal.test.com (Host A). IP Address: 10.0.128.3 _sipinternaltls._tcp.test.com (Service Location SRV). Port: 5061. Host: sipinternal.test.com _sipinternal._tcp.test.com (Service Location SRV). Port: 5061. Host: sipinternal.test.com _sip._tcp.test.com (Service Location SRV). Port: 5061. Host: sipexternal.test.com _sip._tls.test.ad (Service Location SRV). Port: 443. Host: sipexternal.test.ad Validation Errors OCS Front End Edge Server I ran the OCS 2007 Automatic Sign-In Troubleshooting and all DNS entries for both TEST.AD and TEST.COM are reported to be OK. What am I missing?

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  • AWS EC2 instance not pingable or available in browser

    - by Slimmons
    I've seen this questions asked other places, but now I've run through every fix proposed in other questions so I'm re asking it here, in hopes that someone will have a different solution. Problem: I have a EC2 instance, and I can ssh into it and work on it, and I have a Elastic ip set to it. I am unable to ping this machine, or log in to it using my browser. Solutions mentioned and tried: service httpd start i. response I get is "unrecognized service" ii. when I run apache2ctl -k start, it shows "httpd already running", so I'm assuming httpd is not the problem, it's just possibly named something else because of apache2, or for whatever reason. I went into EC2-Security Group- Default (which is the one I used.)-inbound, and everything there is set up correctly (I'm assuming). There it shows 80(HTTP) 0.0.0.0/0. 443(HTTPS) 0.0.0.0/0, and various other servies with their ports and 0.0.0.0/0 next to them. I also enabled a rule for enabling ICMP Request All on 0.0.0.0/0 temporarily for testing purposes I've tried disabling the iptables with "service ufw stop" Just in case I'm doing something really stupid, because I'm not all that used to connecting to web servers that I've spun up, I'm typing in the address to the machine into the url like this (assuming my ip address was ip.address). i. http:/(slash)ip.address/ ii. ip.address iii. https:/(slash)ip.address/ iv. ip.address/webFolderName/ v. http:/(slash)ip.address/webFolderName/ None of the attempts worked, and the only thing I haven't tried that i've seen is to start wireshark on the machine, and see if the requests are reaching it, and it's just ignoring them. I'm not sure I want to do that yet, since A). I'm not 100% positive how to use wireshark without the gui, since it's the only way I've ever used it (I really should get used to it in terminal, but I didn't even know you could). B). It really seems like I'm missing something simple in getting this to work. Thanks in advance for any help.

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  • Linux static dhcp ip for visitor access internet without requesting MAC address?

    - by ???
    Currently, my company internet access for visitor are required to request MAC address from them if they want to access to internet. Can we do something like the Hotel wifi? they just access to the network and just key in the password, then they are able to access the internet for certain time of period. so far, i have looking for linux solution, but they are no such program/application available. do you all have any experience on it? Regards, MH

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  • Why won't dhclient use the static IP I'm telling it to request?

    - by mike
    Here's my /etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf: request subnet-mask, broadcast-address, time-offset, routers, domain-name, domain-name-servers, domain-search, host-name, netbios-name-servers, netbios-scope, interface-mtu; timeout 60; reject 192.168.1.27; alias { interface "eth0"; fixed-address 192.168.1.222; } lease { interface "eth0"; fixed-address 192.168.1.222; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option broadcast-address 255.255.255.255; option routers 192.168.1.254; option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.254; } When I run "dhclient eth0", I get this: There is already a pid file /var/run/dhclient.pid with pid 6511 killed old client process, removed PID file Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.1.1 Copyright 2004-2008 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/sw/dhcp/ wmaster0: unknown hardware address type 801 wmaster0: unknown hardware address type 801 Listening on LPF/eth0/00:1c:25:97:82:20 Sending on LPF/eth0/00:1c:25:97:82:20 Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.1.27 on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 DHCPACK of 192.168.1.27 from 192.168.1.254 bound to 192.168.1.27 -- renewal in 1468 seconds. I used strace to make sure that dhclient really is reading that conf file. Why isn't it paying attention to my "reject 192.168.1.27" and "fixed-address 192.168.1.222" lines?

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  • How to host multiple RRAS in same network?

    - by Vijay
    i have hosted w2003 RRAS in my network succesfully ( Natting with one public IP ) i need to host another RRAS setup same like above with different private IP address and public IP's,. when i configured so, both w2003 servers got frozen and internet not working. sometimes the gateway is same for both the servers. How can i host 2 RRAS in the same network, i am using RRAS to limit bandwidth for computers running private ip's through bandwithcontroller software.

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  • Is it possible to use the MMM tool without virtual IP capability?

    - by Artem
    We are on a host (Serverbeach) that does not support Virtual/floating IPs until you reserve at least a half-rack, which is just a little more than we are willing to spend per month right now. We do have 2 machines in one of their datacenters, and I am using these 2 machines right now in the Master-Master in Active-Passive Mode just like done by MMM -- http://mysql-mmm.org/. I have just set them up and I managing them manually, with manual switch on the Web frontend to tell it to connect to the correct (active) master. Is there any way to use MMM without virtual IPs? Any other comments on this setup?

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  • Oracle on windows cluster with online/offline IPs

    - by yzador
    I have a windows cluster (on windows 2008 server) with nodes in different subnets. So cluster has two IPs, one for each node (I'm talking not about node IP, but about cluster IP). One is online, the other is offline. Is it possible to run Oracle Fail Safe on this configuration? I've tried to install it, but it gives me the following error when trying to verify group or add database to group: FS-10220: Network name maps to IP address in the cluster resource but maps to IP address on the system

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  • Capturing same interface with tshark with same or different capture filters

    - by Pankaj Goyal
    I am in stuck in a situation where an interface will be captured more than one time. Like :- $ tshark -i rpcap://1.1.1.1/lo -f "ip proto 1" -i rpcap://1.1.1.1/lo -f "ip proto 132" or (same filter) $ tshark -i rpcap://1.1.1.1/lo -f "ip proto 1" -i rpcap://1.1.1.1/lo -f "ip proto 1" what will happen in both the cases ? In first case, will the capture filter gets OR'ed or AND'ed ?? In second case, will the same packets be captured two times ?

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