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  • Do the 'up to date' guarantees provided by final field in Java's memory model extend to indirect ref

    - by mattbh
    The Java language spec defines semantics of final fields in section 17.5: The usage model for final fields is a simple one. Set the final fields for an object in that object's constructor. Do not write a reference to the object being constructed in a place where another thread can see it before the object's constructor is finished. If this is followed, then when the object is seen by another thread, that thread will always see the correctly constructed version of that object's final fields. It will also see versions of any object or array referenced by those final fields that are at least as up-to-date as the final fields are. My question is - does the 'up-to-date' guarantee extend to the contents of nested arrays, and nested objects? An example scenario: Thread A constructs a HashMap of ArrayLists, then assigns the HashMap to final field 'myFinal' in an instance of class 'MyClass' Thread B sees a (non-synchronized) reference to the MyClass instance and reads 'myFinal', and accesses and reads the contents of one of the ArrayLists In this scenario, are the members of the ArrayList as seen by Thread B guaranteed to be at least as up to date as they were when MyClass's constructor completed?

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  • Rails nested attributes with a join model, where one of the models being joined is a new record

    - by gzuki
    I'm trying to build a grid, in rails, for entering data. It has rows and columns, and rows and columns are joined by cells. In my view, I need for the grid to be able to handle having 'new' rows and columns on the edge, so that if you type in them and then submit, they are automatically generated, and their shared cells are connected to them correctly. I want to be able to do this without JS. Rails nested attributes fail to handle being mapped to both a new record and a new column, they can only do one or the other. The reason is that they are a nested specifically in one of the two models, and whichever one they aren't nested in will have no id (since it doesn't exist yet), and when pushed through accepts_nested_attributes_for on the top level Grid model, they will only be bound to the new object created for whatever they were nested in. How can I handle this? Do I have to override rails handling of nested attributes? My models look like this, btw: class Grid < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :rows has_many :columns has_many :cells, :through => :rows accepts_nested_attributes_for :rows, :allow_destroy => true, :reject_if => lambda {|a| a[:description].blank? } accepts_nested_attributes_for :columns, :allow_destroy => true, :reject_if => lambda {|a| a[:description].blank? } end class Column < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :grid has_many :cells, :dependent => :destroy has_many :rows, :through => :grid end class Row < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :grid has_many :cells, :dependent => :destroy has_many :columns, :through => :grid accepts_nested_attributes_for :cells end class Cell < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :row belongs_to :column has_one :grid, :through => :row end

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  • How can I add two models in one form, where one model is a has_many :through?

    - by Angela
    How do I model having multiple Addresses for a Company and assign a single Address to a Contact? Contacts belong_to a Company. A Company has_many Contacts. A Company also has_many Addresses. And each Contact has_one Address. I want to be able, whenever I create a New Contact, to access all the addresses in all Contacts that belong to the Company. Here is are my Models: class Company < ActiveRecord::Base attr_accessible :name, :phone, :addresses has_many :contacts has_many :addresses, :through => :contacts end class Contact < ActiveRecord::Base attr_accessible :first_name, :last_name, :title, :phone, :fax, :email, :company, :date_entered, :campaign_id, :company_name, :address belongs_to :company has_one :address accepts_nested_attributes_for :address end class Address < ActiveRecord::Base attr_accessible :street1 has_many :contacts end How do I create the View in the _form for Contacts so that I can 1) Add an Address when creating a Contact; 2) Display the options of the Address. Here is how I am doing step 1, which is just to add a new address for a new contact: <% f.fields_for :addresses do |builder| %> <p> <%= builder.label :street1, "Street 1" %> </br> <%= builder.text_field :street1 %> <p> Right now, what I have doesn't work. The console says I cannot mass-assign addresses when I hit "submit" on this New contact form.

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  • Ruby on Rails How do I access variables of a model inside itself like in this example?

    - by banditKing
    I have a Model like so: # == Schema Information # # Table name: s3_files # # id :integer not null, primary key # owner :string(255) # notes :text # created_at :datetime not null # updated_at :datetime not null # last_accessed_by_user :string(255) # last_accessed_time_stamp :datetime # upload_file_name :string(255) # upload_content_type :string(255) # upload_file_size :integer # upload_updated_at :datetime # class S3File < ActiveRecord::Base #PaperClip methods attr_accessible :upload attr_accessor :owner Paperclip.interpolates :prefix do |attachment, style| I WOULD LIKE TO ACCESS VARIABLE= owner HERE- HOW TO DO THAT? end has_attached_file( :upload, :path => ":prefix/:basename.:extension", :storage => :s3, :s3_credentials => {:access_key_id => "ZXXX", :secret_access_key => "XXX"}, :bucket => "XXX" ) #Used to connect to users through the join table has_many :user_resource_relationships has_many :users, :through => :user_resource_relationships end Im setting this variable in the controller like so: # POST /s3_files # POST /s3_files.json def create @s3_file = S3File.new(params[:s3_file]) @s3_file.owner = current_user.email respond_to do |format| if @s3_file.save format.html { redirect_to @s3_file, notice: 'S3 file was successfully created.' } format.json { render json: @s3_file, status: :created, location: @s3_file } else format.html { render action: "new" } format.json { render json: @s3_file.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity } end end end Thanks, any help would be appreciated.

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  • An Array returned by a model association is not an Array?

    - by Warren
    We have a model association that looks something like this: class Example < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :others, :order => 'others.rank' end The rank column is an integer type. The details of these particular models are not really important though as we have found the same problem with other has_many associations between other models. We have also added to the Enumerable module: module Enumerable def method_missing(name) super unless name.to_s[0..7] == 'collect_' method = name.to_s[8..-1] collect{|element| element.send(method)} end end This adds a collect_id method that we can use to get an array of record ids from an array of ActiveRecord objects. So if we use a normal ActiveRecord find :all, we get a nice array which we can then use collect_id on but if we use Example.others.collect_id, we get NoMethodError: undefined method `collect_id' for #<Class:0x2aaaac0060a0> Example.others.class returns "Array" so is it lying or confused? Our solution thus far has been to use it this way: Example.others.to_a.collect_id This works but this seems a bit strange. Why would you have to do that? We are on Ruby 1.8.7 and Rails 2.3.4

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  • How can I find a laptop if it has a different model name all over the world?

    - by Mike
    CONUNDRUM: A laptop review in the UK talks about how brilliant the "ASUS ABCDE 55" is, but in America, France, etc there is no such laptop name. In fact it's called "ASUS 12345 AB" - AAARRGH! QUESTION: Is there a way of finding out all the diverse names for the same laptop all over the world? Example: if Samsung create a R2D2500, then what is that spec laptop called in all the other countries (if they release it of course). Or if it's not released, what is their similar spec laptop called in the other countries? I understand that specs may be different, but if I read a review on my trusted UK website, but live in say Australia, I want to be able to find the name of the same laptop in Australia and then check out local places to buy it. So if anyone knows if there is a technique, specific website, or even how to use a company website to find out these annoying name changes I'd really appreciate it.

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  • Is there a CPU that can be described as "Celeron D 4xx model"?

    - by romkyns
    The "D" letter after Celeron appears to only be used for processors numbered with 3xx. Celerons of the 4xx series do not seem to have the "D". And yet I am looking at a motherboard described as supporting these processors: Intel Celeron D 3xx and 4xx models Intel Pentium 4 5xx and 6xx models Intel Pentium D 8xx and 9xx models Intel Core 2 Duo models with LGA775 Is this compatible with a Celeron 450, sSpec SLAFZ, despite not having a "D" in its name?

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  • How does one dismantle the ThinkPad Mini Dock Series 3 (model 4337)?

    - by Whaa
    I have a ThinkPad Mini Dock Series 3 with a spring that is too stiff, causing problems with the connectivity when a computer is docked. I tried to open it so that I can soften the spring, but hit a brick wall. I removed all the screws I could find at the the bottom and the back panel of the docking station, but the bottom part of the plastic case would still not part from the top of the plastic case. I even looked under some of the various stickers for more screws, but found nothing. Can anyone please help with pointers on dismantling this docking station?

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  • Configure Forms based authentication in SharePoint 2010

    - by sreejukg
      Configuring form authentication is a straight forward task in SharePoint. Mostly public facing websites built on SharePoint requires form based authentication. Recently, one of the WCM implementation where I was included in the project team required registration system. Any internet user can register to the site and the site offering them some membership specific functionalities once the user logged in. Since the registration open for all, I don’t want to store all those users in Active Directory. I have decided to use Forms based authentication for those users. This is a typical scenario of form authentication in SharePoint implementation. To implement form authentication you require the following A data store where you are storing the users – technically this can be active directory, SQL server database, LDAP etc. Form authentication will redirect the user to the login page, if the request is not authenticated. In the login page, there will be controls that validate the user inputs against the configured data store. In this article, I am going to use SQL server database with ASP.Net membership API’s to configure form based authentication in SharePoint 2010. This article assumes that you have SQL membership database available. I already configured the membership and roles database using aspnet_regsql command. If you want to know how to configure membership database using aspnet_regsql command, read the below blog post. http://weblogs.asp.net/sreejukg/archive/2011/06/16/usage-of-aspnet-regsql-exe-in-asp-net-4.aspx The snapshot of the database after implementing membership and role manager is as follows. I have used the database name “aspnetdb_claim”. Make sure you have created the database and make sure your database contains tables and stored procedures for membership. Create a web application with claims based authentication. This article assumes you already created a web application using claims based authentication. If you want to enable forms based authentication in SharePoint 2010, you must enable claims based authentication. Read this post for creating a web application using claims based authentication. http://weblogs.asp.net/sreejukg/archive/2011/06/15/create-a-web-application-in-sharepoint-2010-using-claims-based-authentication.aspx  You make sure, you have selected enable form authentication, and then selected Membership provider and Role manager name. To make sure you are done with the configuration, navigate to central administration website, from central administration, navigate to the Web Applications page, select the web application and click on icon, you will see the authentication providers for the current web application. Go to the section Claims authentication types, and make sure you have enabled forms based authentication. As mentioned in the snapshot, I have named the membership provider as SPFormAuthMembership and role manager as SPFormAuthRoleManager. You can choose your own names as you need. Modify the configuration files(Web.Config) to enable form authentication There are three applications that needs to be configured to support form authentication. The following are those applications. Central Administration If you want to assign permissions to web application using the credentials from form authentication, you need to update Central Administration configuration. If you do not want to access form authentication credentials from Central Administration, just leave this step.  STS service application Security Token service is the service application that issues security token when users are logging in. You need to modify the configuration of STS application to make sure users are able to login. To find the STS application, follow the following steps Go to the IIS Manager Expand the sites Node, you will see SharePoint Web Services Expand SharePoint Web Services, you can see SecurityTokenServiceApplication Right click SecuritytokenServiceApplication and click explore, it will open the corresponding file system. By default, the path for STS is C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\14\WebServices\SecurityToken You need to modify the configuration file available in the mentioned location. The web application that needs to be enabled with form authentication. You need to modify the configuration of your web application to make sure your web application identifies users from the form authentication.   Based on the above, I am going to modify the web configuration. At end of each step, I have mentioned the expected output. I recommend you to go step by step and after each step, make sure the configuration changes are working as expected. If you do everything all together, and test your application at the end, you may face difficulties in troubleshooting the configuration errors. Modifications for Central Administration Web.Config Open the web.config for the Central administration in a text editor. I always prefer Visual Studio, for editing web.config. In most cases, the path of the web.config for the central administration website is as follows C:\inetpub\wwwroot\wss\VirtualDirectories\<port number> Make sure you keep a backup copy of the web.config, before editing it. Let me summarize what we are going to do with Central Administration web.config. First I am going to add a connection string that points to the form authentication database, that I created as mentioned in previous steps. Then I need to add a membership provider and a role manager with the corresponding connectionstring. Then I need to update the peoplepickerwildcards section to make sure the users are appearing in search results. By default there is no connection string available in the web.config of Central Administration. Add a connection string just after the configsections element. The below is the connection string I have used all over the article. <add name="FormAuthConnString" connectionString="Initial Catalog=yourdatabasename;data source=databaseservername;Integrated Security=SSPI;" /> Once you added the connection string, the web.config look similar to Now add membership provider to the code. In web.config for CA, there will be <membership> tag, search for it. You will find membership and role manager under the <system.web> element. Under the membership providers section add the below code… <add name="SPFormAuthMembership" type="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" applicationName="FormAuthApplication" connectionStringName="FormAuthConnString" /> After adding memberhip element, see the snapshot of the web.config. Now you need to add role manager element to the web.config. Insider providers element under rolemanager, add the below code. <add name="SPFormAuthRoleManager" type="System.Web.Security.SqlRoleProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" applicationName="FormAuthApplication" connectionStringName="FormAuthConnString" /> After adding, your role manager will look similar to the following. As a last step, you need to update the people picker wildcard element in web.config, so that the users from your membership provider are available for browsing in Central Administration. Search for PeoplePickerWildcards in the web.config, add the following inside the <PeoplePickerWildcards> tag. <add key="SPFormAuthMembership" value="%" /> After adding this element, your web.config will look like After completing these steps, you can browse the users available in the SQL server database from central administration website. Go to the site collection administrator’s page from central administration. Select the site collection you have created for form authentication. Click on the people picker icon, choose Forms Auth and click on the search icon, you will see the users listed from the SQL server database. Once you complete these steps, make sure the users are available for browsing from central administration website. If you are unable to find the users, there must be some errors in the configuration, check windows event logs to find related errors and fix them. Change the web.config for STS application Open the web.config for STS application in text editor. By default, STS web.config does not have system.Web or connectionstrings section. Just after the System.Webserver element, add the following code. <connectionStrings> <add name="FormAuthConnString" connectionString="Initial Catalog=aspnetdb_claim;data source=sp2010_db;Integrated Security=SSPI;" /> </connectionStrings> <system.web> <roleManager enabled="true" cacheRolesInCookie="false" cookieName=".ASPXROLES" cookieTimeout="30" cookiePath="/" cookieRequireSSL="false" cookieSlidingExpiration="true" cookieProtection="All" createPersistentCookie="false" maxCachedResults="25"> <providers> <add name="SPFormAuthRoleManager" type="System.Web.Security.SqlRoleProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" applicationName="FormAuthApplication" connectionStringName="FormAuthConnString" /> </providers> </roleManager> <membership userIsOnlineTimeWindow="15" hashAlgorithmType=""> <providers> <add name="SPFormAuthMembership" type="System.Web.Security.SqlMembershipProvider, System.Web, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a" applicationName="FormAuthApplication" connectionStringName="FormAuthConnString" /> </providers> </membership> </system.web> See the snapshot of the web.config after adding the required elements. After adding this, you should be able to login using the credentials from SQL server. Try assigning a user as primary/secondary administrator for your site collection from Central Administration and login to your site using form authentication. If you made everything correct, you should be able to login. This means you have successfully completed configuration of STS Configuration of Web Application for Form Authentication As a last step, you need to modify the web.config of the form authentication web application. Once you have done this, you should be able to grant permissions to users stored in the membership database. Open the Web.config of the web application you created for form authentication. You can find the web.config for the application under the path C:\inetpub\wwwroot\wss\VirtualDirectories\<port number> Basically you need to add connection string, membership provider, role manager and update the people picker wild card configuration. Add the connection string (same as the one you added to the web.config in Central Administration). See the screenshot after the connection string has added. Search for <membership> in the web.config, you will find this inside system.web element. There will be other providers already available there. You add your form authentication membership provider (similar to the one added to Central Administration web.config) to the provider element under membership. Find the snapshot of membership configuration as follows. Search for <roleManager> element in web.config, add the new provider name under providers section of the roleManager element. See the snapshot of web.config after new provider added. Now you need to configure the peoplepickerwildcard configuration in web.config. As I specified earlier, this is to make sure, you can locate the users by entering a part of their username. Add the following line under the <PeoplePickerWildcards> element in web.config. See the screenshot of the peoplePickerWildcards element after the element has been added. Now you have completed all the setup for form authentication. Navigate to the web application. From the site actions -> site settings -> go to peope and groups Click on new -> add users, it will popup the people picker dialog. Click on the icon, select Form Auth, enter a username in the search textbox, and click on search icon. See the screenshot of admin search when I tried searching the users If it displays the user, it means you are done with the configuration. If you add users to the form authentication database, the users will be able to access SharePoint portal as normal.

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  • Understanding the value of Customer Experience & Loyalty for the Telecommunications Industry

    - by raul.goycoolea
    Worried by economic woes and market forces, especially in mature markets, communications service providers (CSPs) increasingly focus on improving customer experience. In fact, it seems difficult to find a major message by a C-level executive in the developed world that does not include something on "meeting and exceeding customers' needs". Frequently in customer satisfaction studies by prominent firms, CSPs fall short of the leadership demonstrated by other industries that take customer-centric approaches to their bottom-line strategies. Consider the following:Despite the continued impact of global economic crisis, in July 2010, Apple Computer posted record revenue and net quarterly profit. Those who attribute the results primarily to the iPhone 4 launch should note that Apple also shipped around 30% more Macintosh computers than the same period the previous year. Even sales of the iPod line increased by 8% in a highly commoditized, shrinking media player market. Finally, Apple began selling iPads during the quarter, with total sales of more than 3 million units. What does Apple have that the others lack? Well, some great products (and services) to be sure, but it also excels at customer service and support, marketing, and distribution, and has one of the strongest brands globally. Its products are useful, simple to use, easy to acquire and augment, high quality, and considered very cool. They also evoke such an emotional response from many of Apple's customers, which they turn up their noses at competitive products.In other words, Apple appears to have mastered virtually every aspect of customer experience and the resultant loyalty of its customer base - even in difficult financial times. Through that unwavering customer focus, Apple continues to drive its revenues and profits to new heights. Other customer loyalty leaders like Wal-Mart, Google, Toyota and Honda are also doing well by focusing on customer experience as an essential driver of profitability. Service providers should note this performance and ask themselves how they might leverage the same principles to increase their own profitability. After all, that is what customer experience and loyalty are all about: profitability.To successfully manage all the critical touch points of customer experience, CSPs must shun the one-size-fits-all approach. They can no longer afford to view customer service fundamentally as an act of altruism - which mentality dates back to the industry's civil service days, when CSPs were typically government organizations that were critical to economic development and public safety.As regulators and public officials have pushed, and continue to push, service providers to new heights of reliability - using incentives and punishments - most CSPs already have some of the fundamental building blocks of customer service in place. Yet despite that history and experience, service providers still lag other industries in providing what is seen as good customer service.As we observed in the TMF's 2009 Insights Research report, Customer Experience Management: Driving Loyalty & Profitability there has been resurgence in interest by CSPs. More and more of them have stated ambitions to catch up other industries, and they are realizing that good customer service is a powerful strategy for increasing business performance and profitability, not an act of good will.CSPs are recognizing the connection between customer experience and profitability, as demonstrated in many studies. For example, according to research by Bain & Company, a 5 percent improvement in customer retention rates can yield as much as a 75 percent increase in profits for companies across a range of industries.After decades of customer experience strategy formulation, Bain partner and business author, Frederick Reichheld, considers "would you recommend us to a friend?" as the ultimate question for a customer. How many times have you or your friends recommended an iPod, iPhone or a Mac? What do your children recommend to their peers? Their peers to them?There are certain steps service providers have to take to create more personalized relationships with their customers, as well as reduce churn and increase profitability, all while becoming leaner and more agile. First, they have to define customer experience, we define it as the result of the sum of observations, perceptions, thoughts and feelings arising from interactions and relationships between customers and their service provider(s). Virtually every customer touch point - whether directly or indirectly linked to service providers and their partners - contributes to customer perception, satisfaction, loyalty, and ultimately profitability. Gaining leadership in customer experience and satisfaction will not be a simple task, as it is affected by virtually every customer-facing aspect of the service provider, and in turn impacts the service provider deeply - especially on the all-important bottom line. The scope of issues affecting customer experience is complex and dynamic.With new services, devices and applications extending the basis of customer experience to domains beyond the direct control of the service provider, it is likely to increase in complexity and dynamism.Customer loyalty = increased profitsAs stated earlier, customer experience programs are not fundamentally altruistic exercises, but a strategic means of improving competitiveness and profitability in the short and long term. Loyalty is essential to deriving long term profits from customers.Some of the earliest loyalty programs date back to the 1930s, when packaged goods companies offered embedded coupons for rewards to buyers, and eventually retail chains began offering reward programs to frequent shoppers. These programs continued for decades but were leapfrogged in the 1980s by more aggressive programs from the airlines.This movement was led by American Airlines, which launched the first full-scale loyalty marketing program of the modern era with the AAdvantage frequent flyer scheme. It was the first to reward frequent fliers with notional air miles that could be accumulated and later redeemed for free travel. Figure 1: Opportunities example of Customer loyalty driven profitOther airlines and travel providers were quick to grasp the incredible value of providing customers with an incentive to use their company exclusively. Within a few years, dozens of travel industry companies launched similar initiatives and now loyalty programs are achieving near-ubiquity in many service industries, especially those in which it is difficult to differentiate offerings by product attributes.The belief is that increased profitability will result from customer retention efforts because:•    The cost of acquisition occurs only at the beginning of a relationship: the longer the relationship, the lower the amortized cost;•    Account maintenance costs decline as a percentage of total costs, or as a percentage of revenue, over the lifetime of the relationship;•    Long term customers tend to be less inclined to switch and less price sensitive which can result in stable unit sales volume and increases in dollar-sales volume;•    Long term customers may initiate word-of-mouth promotions and referrals, which cost the company nothing and arguably are the most effective form of advertising;•    Long-term customers are more likely to buy ancillary products and higher margin supplemental products;•    Long term customers tend to be satisfied with their relationship with the company and are less likely to switch to competitors, making market entry or competitors gaining market share difficult;•    Regular customers tend to be less expensive to service, as they are familiar with the processes involved, require less 'education', and are consistent in their order placement;•    Increased customer retention and loyalty makes the employees' jobs easier and more satisfying. In turn, happy employees feed back into higher customer satisfaction in a virtuous circle. Figure 2: The virtuous circle of customer loyaltyFigure 2 represents a high-level example of a virtuous cycle driven by customer satisfaction and loyalty, depicting how superiority in product and service offerings, as well as strong customer support by competent employees, lead to higher sales and ultimately profitability. As stated above, this is not a new concept, but succeeding with it is difficult. It has eluded many a company driven to achieve profitability goals. Of course, for this circle to be virtuous, the customer relationship(s) must be profitable.Trying to maintain the loyalty of unprofitable customers is not a viable business strategy. It is, therefore, important that marketers can assess the profitability of each customer (or customer segment), and either improve or terminate relationships that are not profitable. This means each customer's 'relationship costs' must be understood and compared to their 'relationship revenue'. Customer lifetime value (CLV) is the most commonly used metric here, as it is generally accepted as a representation of exactly how much each customer is worth in monetary terms, and therefore a determinant of exactly how much a service provider should be willing to spend to acquire or retain that customer.CLV models make several simplifying assumptions and often involve the following inputs:•    Churn rate represents the percentage of customers who end their relationship with a company in a given period;•    Retention rate is calculated by subtracting the churn rate percentage from 100;•    Period/horizon equates to the units of time into which a customer relationship can be divided for analysis. A year is the most commonly used period for this purpose. Customer lifetime value is a multi-period calculation, often projecting three to seven years into the future. In practice, analysis beyond this point is viewed as too speculative to be reliable. The model horizon is the number of periods used in the calculation;•    Periodic revenue is the amount of revenue collected from a customer in a given period (though this is often extended across multiple periods into the future to understand lifetime value), such as usage revenue, revenues anticipated from cross and upselling, and often some weighting for referrals by a loyal customer to others; •    Retention cost describes the amount of money the service provider must spend, in a given period, to retain an existing customer. Again, this is often forecast across multiple periods. Retention costs include customer support, billing, promotional incentives and so on;•    Discount rate means the cost of capital used to discount future revenue from a customer. Discounting is an advanced method used in more sophisticated CLV calculations;•    Profit margin is the projected profit as a percentage of revenue for the period. This may be reflected as a percentage of gross or net profit. Again, this is generally projected across the model horizon to understand lifetime value.A strong focus on managing these inputs can help service providers realize stronger customer relationships and profits, but there are some obstacles to overcome in achieving accurate calculations of CLV, such as the complexity of allocating costs across the customer base. There are many costs that serve all customers which must be properly allocated across the base, and often a simple proportional allocation across the whole base or a segment may not accurately reflect the true cost of serving that customer;  This is made worse by the fragmentation of customer information, which is likely to be across a variety of product or operations groups, and may be difficult to aggregate due to different representations.In addition, there is the complexity of account relationships and structures to take into consideration. Complex account structures may not be understood or properly represented. For example, a profitable customer may have a separate account for a second home or another family member, which may appear to be unprofitable. If the service provider cannot relate the two accounts, CLV is not properly represented and any resultant cancellation of the apparently unprofitable account may result in the customer churning from the profitable one.In summary, if service providers are to realize strong customer relationships and their attendant profits, there must be a very strong focus on data management. This needs to be coupled with analytics that help business managers and those who work in customer-facing functions offer highly personalized solutions to customers, while maintaining profitability for the service provider. It's clear that acquiring new customers is expensive. Advertising costs, campaign management expenses, promotional service pricing and discounting, and equipment subsidies make a serious dent in a new customer's profitability. That is especially true given the rising subsidies for Smartphone users, which service providers hope will result in greater profits from profits from data services profitability in future.  The situation is made worse by falling prices and greater competition in mature markets.Customer acquisition through industry consolidation isn't cheap either. A North American service provider spent about $2,000 per subscriber in its acquisition of a smaller company earlier this year. While this has allowed it to leapfrog to become the largest mobile service provider in the country, it required a total investment of more than $28 billion (including assumption of the acquiree's debt).While many operating cost synergies clearly made this deal more attractive to the acquiring company, this is certainly an expensive way to acquire customers: the cost per subscriber in this case is not out of line with the prices others have paid for acquisitions.While growth by acquisition certainly increases overall revenues, it often creates tremendous challenges for profitability. Organic growth through increased customer loyalty and retention is a more effective driver of profit, as well as a stronger predictor of future profitability. Service providers, especially those in mature markets, are increasingly recognizing this and taking steps toward a creating a more personalized, flexible and satisfying experience for their customers.In summary, the clearest path to profitability for companies in virtually all industries is through customer retention and maximization of lifetime value. Service providers would do well to recognize this and focus attention on profitable customer relationships.

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  • Query on MVVM pattern in WPF?

    - by Ashish Ashu
    I am implementing a MVVM pattern in my WPF application. My application main window is divided into four parts: Main Menu On the Top Outlook Navigation Control on the Left. A List View on the Middle. Another List view on the bottom. The Navigation control shows different setting (configuration) controls in the Tab items. All the four above are user controls which are placed in the main window. And corresponding to each user control there is separate view model which is bounded with a view model in the XAML of each control, however the model class remain the same between all the view model. And a MainWindow has a seperate View Model which is also bounded with a view model in the XAML of each control. Please help me out in framing a design in which each view models of all the controls above will interact with each other. Please let me know if my question is not clear to you!!

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  • Dynamic attributes with Rails and Mongoid

    - by japancheese
    Hello, I'm learning MongoDB through the Mongoid Ruby gem with Rails (Rails 3 beta 3), and I'm trying to come up with a way to create dynamic attributes on a model based on fields from another model, which I thought a schema-less database would be a good choice for. So for example, I'd have the models: class Account include Mongoid::Document field :name, :type => String field :token, :type => String field :info_needed, :type => Array embeds_many :members end class Member include Mongoid::Document embedded_in :account, :inverse_of => :members end I'm looking to take the "info_needed" attribute of the Account model and created dynamic attributes on the Member model based on what's inside. If club.info_needed was ["first_name", "last_name"], I'm trying to create a form that would save first_name and last_name attributes to the Member model. However, upon practice, I just keep getting "undefined method first_name=" errors on the Member model when trying to do this. I know MongoDB can handle dynamic attributes per record, but how can I get Mongoid to do this without an undefined method error?

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  • Simple ASP.Net MVC 1.0 Validation

    - by Mike
    On the current project we are working on we haven't upgraded to MVC 2.0 yet so I'm working on implementing some simple validation with the tools available in 1.0. I'm looking for feedback on the way I'm doing this. I have a model that represents a user profile. Inside that model I have a method that will validate all the fields and such. What I want to do is pass a controller to the validation method so that the model can set the model validation property in the controller. The goal is to get the validation from the controller into the model. Here is a quick example public FooController : Controller { public ActionResult Edit(User user) { user.ValidateModel(this); if (ModelState.IsValid) ....... ....... } } And my model validation signature is like public void ValidateModel(Controller currentState) What issues can you see with this? Am I way out to lunch on how I want to do this?

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  • In Django, can you add a method to querysets?

    - by Paul D. Waite
    In Django, if I have a model class, e.g. from django.db import models class Transaction(models.Model): ... then if I want to add methods to the model, to store reasonably complex filters, I can add a custom model manager, e.g. class TransactionManager(models.Manager): def reasonable_complex_filter(self): return self.get_query_set().filter(...) class Transaction(models.Model): objects = TransactionManager() And then I can do: >>> Transaction.objects.reasonably_complex_filter() Is there any way I can add a custom method that can be chained to the end of a query set from the model? I.e. add the custom method in such a way that I can do this: >>> Transaction.objects.filter(...).reasonably_complex_filter()

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  • Execute JavaScript function on a dynamic element (AJAX).

    - by jartaud
    Hello i have this following function: ... var model = $("#carModel"); .... model.change(validModel); function validModel(){ if(model.val() == undefined){ model.addClass("errorJS"); return false; }else{ model.removeClass("errorJS"); return true; } } I am getting carmodel id from a select box generated after an AJAX call. I can get its value in the Firebug console, but the function doest not execute. Even tough i use model.livequery(validModel); // The errorJS class put a red border in a element, if the function returns false

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  • ASP.NET MVC 2.0 Unused Model Property being called when posting a product to the server?

    - by Erx_VB.NExT.Coder
    i have my auto-generated linq to sql classes, and i extend this class using partial classing (instead of using inheritance), and i have properties that that i've put in later which are not part of the database model and should not be. these are things like "FinalPrice" and "DisplayFinalPrice" - in the dbase, there is only RetailPrice and WholesalePrice so FinalPrice etc are more like extensions of the dbase fields. when i submit the form with nothing filled in, "FinalPrice" gets called (the 'get' of the property) even tho i never ask for it to be, and even tho it is not needed. this happens before validation, so i don't even get the validation errors i would get. i've tried using and on the FinalPrice and FinalPriceDisplay properties - no go! why does this happen and how can i stop it from happening? is the modelstate just trying to validate everything so therefore it calls every item no matter what? for those interested, here is all the code... Partial Public Class tProduct 'Inherits tProduct Private Const CommissionMultiplier As Decimal = CDec(1.18) Private _FinalPrice As Decimal? Private _DisplayFinalPrice As String Private _DisplayNormalPrice As String Public Property CategoryComplete As Short <ScaffoldColumn(False)> Public ReadOnly Property FinalPrice As Decimal Get 'If RetailPrice IsNot Nothing OrElse WholesalePrice IsNot Nothing Then If _FinalPrice Is Nothing Then If RetailPrice IsNot Nothing Then _FinalPrice = RetailPrice Else _FinalPrice = WholesalePrice * CommissionMultiplier ' TODO: this should be rounded to the nearest 5th cent so prices don't look weird. End If Dim NormalPart = Decimal.Floor(_FinalPrice.Value) Dim DecimalPart = _FinalPrice.Value - NormalPart If DecimalPart = 0 OrElse DecimalPart = 0.5 Then Return _FinalPrice ElseIf DecimalPart > 0 AndAlso DecimalPart < 0.5 Then DecimalPart = 0.5 ' always rounded up to the nearest 50 cents. ElseIf DecimalPart > 0.5 AndAlso DecimalPart < 1 Then ' Only in this case round down if its about to be rounded up to a valeu like 20, 30 or 50 etc as we want most prices to end in 9. If NormalPart.ToString.LastChr.ToInt = 9 Then DecimalPart = 0.5 Else DecimalPart = 1 End If End If _FinalPrice = NormalPart + DecimalPart End If Return _FinalPrice 'End If End Get End Property <ScaffoldColumn(False)> Public ReadOnly Property DisplayFinalPrice As String Get If _DisplayFinalPrice.IsNullOrEmpty Then _DisplayFinalPrice = FormatCurrency(FinalPrice, 2, TriState.True) End If Return _DisplayFinalPrice End Get End Property Public ReadOnly Property DisplayNormalPrice As String Get If _DisplayNormalPrice.IsNullOrEmpty Then _DisplayNormalPrice = FormatCurrency(NormalPrice, 2, TriState.True) End If Return _DisplayNormalPrice End Get End Property Public ReadOnly Property DivID As String Get Return "pdiv" & ProductID End Get End Property End Class more... i get busted here, with a null reference exception telling me it should contain a value... Dim NormalPart = Decimal.Floor(_FinalPrice.Value)

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  • Django IN query as a string result - invalid literal for int() with base 10

    - by bmelton
    Trying to query a 'Favorites' model to get a list of items a user has favorited, and then querying against a different model to get the objects back from that query to present to the template, but I'm getting an error: "invalid literal for int() with base 10" Looking over all of the other instances of that error, I couldn't find any in which the asker actually wanted to work with a comma separated list of integers, so I'm kind of at a loss. Model class Favorite(models.Model): # key should be the model name, id is the model.id, and user is the User object. key = models.CharField(max_length=255, unique=True) val = models.IntegerField(default=0) user = models.ForeignKey(User) class Admin: list_display = ('key', 'id', 'user') View def index(request): favorites = Favorite.objects.filter(key='blog', user=request.user.pk) values = "" for favorite in favorites: values += "%s," % favorite.val #values = "[%s]" % values blogs = Blog.objects.filter(pk__in=values) return render_to_response('favorite/index.html', { "favorites" : favorites, "blogs" : blogs, "values" : values, }, context_instance=RequestContext(request) ) enter code here

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  • populate a comboBox in Griffon App dynamically

    - by kulkarni
    I have 2 comboBoxes in my View of Griffon App (or groovy swingBuilder) country = comboBox(items:country(), selectedItem: bind(target:model, 'country', value:model.country), actionPerformed: controller.getStates) state = comboBox(items:bind(source:model, sourceProperty:'states'), selectedItem: bind(target:model, 'state', value:model.state)) The getStates() in the controller, populates @Bindable List states = [] in the model based on the country selected. The above code doesn't give any errors, but the states are never populated. I changed the states from being List to a range object(dummy), it gives me an error MissingPropertyException No such property items for class java.swing.JComboBox. Am I missing something here? There are a couple of entries related to this on Nabble but nothing is clear. The above code works if I had a label instead of a second comboBox.

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  • Django models: Use multiple values as a key?

    - by Rosarch
    Here is a simple model: class TakingCourse(models.Model): course = models.ForeignKey(Course) term = models.ForeignKey(Term) Instead of Django creating a default primary key, I would like to use both course and term as the primary key - taken together, they uniquely identify a tuple. Is this allowed by Django? On a related note: I am trying to represent users taking courses in certain terms. Is there a better way to do this? class Course(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=200) requiredFor = models.ManyToManyField(RequirementSubSet, blank=True) offeringSchool = models.ForeignKey(School) def __unicode__(self): return "%s at %s" % (self.name, self.offeringSchool) class MyUser(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True) takingReqSets = models.ManyToManyField(RequirementSet, blank=True) takingTerms = models.ManyToManyField(Term, blank=True) takingCourses = models.ManyToManyField(TakingCourse, blank=True) school = models.ForeignKey(School) class TakingCourse(models.Model): course = models.ForeignKey(Course) term = models.ForeignKey(Term) class Term(models.Model): school = models.ForeignKey(School) isPrimaryTerm = models.BooleanField()

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  • Why do I get a AssociationTypeMismatch when creating my model object?

    - by Maxm007
    Hi I get the following error: ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch in ContractsController#create ExchangeRate(#2183081860) expected, got HashWithIndifferentAccess(#2159586480) Params: {"commit"=>"Create", "authenticity_token"=>"g2/Vm2pTcDGk6uRas+aTgpiQiGDY8lsc3UoL8iE+7+E=", "contract"=>{"side"=>"BUY", "currency_id"=>"488525179", "amount"=>"1000", "user_id"=>"633107804", "exchange_rate"=>{"rate"=>"1.7"}}} My relevant model is : class Contract < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :currency belongs_to :user has_one :exchange_rate has_many :trades accepts_nested_attributes_for :exchange_rate end class ExchangeRate < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :denccy, :class_name=>"Currency" belongs_to :numccy, :class_name=>"Currency" belongs_to :contract end My view is: <% form_for @contract do |contractForm| %> Username: <%= contractForm.collection_select(:user_id, User.all, :id, :username) %> <br> B/S: <%= contractForm.select(:side,options_for_select([['BUY', 'BUY'], ['SELL', 'SELL']], 'BUY')) %> <br> Currency: <%= contractForm.collection_select(:currency_id, Currency.all, :id, :ccy) %> <br> <br> Amount: <%= contractForm.text_field :amount %> <br> <% contractForm.fields_for @contract.exchange_rate do |rateForm|%> Rate: <%= rateForm.text_field :rate %> <br> <% end %> <%= submit_tag :Create %> <% end %> My View Controller: class ContractsController < ApplicationController def new @contract = Contract.new @contract.build_exchange_rate respond_to do |format| format.html # new.html.erb format.xml { render :xml => @contract } end end def create @contract = Contract.new(params[:contract]) respond_to do |format| if @contract.save flash[:notice] = 'Contract was successfully created.' format.html { redirect_to(@contract) } format.xml { render :xml => @contract, :status => :created, :location => @contract } else format.html { render :action => "new" } format.xml { render :xml => @contract.errors, :status => :unprocessable_entity } end end end I'm not sure why it's not recognizing the exchange rate attributes? Thank you

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  • ASP.NET MVC: Accessing ModelMetadata for items in a collection

    - by DanM
    I'm trying to write an auto-scaffolder for Index views. I'd like to be able to pass in a collection of models or view-models (e.g., IEnumerable<MyViewModel>) and get back an HTML table that uses the DisplayName attribute for the headings (th elements) and Html.Display(propertyName) for the cells (td elements). Each row should correspond to one item in the collection. When I'm only displaying a single record, as in a Details view, I use ViewData.ModelMetadata.Properties to obtain the list of properties for a given model. But what happens when the model I pass to the view is a collection of model or view-model objects and not a model or view-model itself? How do I obtain the ModelMetadata for a particular item in a collection?

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  • rails named_scope ignores eager loading

    - by Craig
    Two models (Rails 2.3.8): User; username & disabled properties; User has_one :profile Profile; full_name & hidden properties I am trying to create a named_scope that eliminate the disabled=1 and hidden=1 User-Profiles. The User model is usually used in conjunction with the Profile model, so I attempt to eager-load the Profile model (:include = :profile). I created a named_scope on the User model called 'visible': named_scope :visible, { :joins => "INNER JOIN profiles ON users.id=profiles.user_id", :conditions => ["users.disabled = ? AND profiles.hidden = ?", false, false] } I've noticed that when I use the named_scope in a query, the eager-loading instruction is ignored. Variation 1 - User model only: # UserController @users = User.find(:all) # User's Index view <% for user in @users %> <p><%= user.username %></p> <% end %> # generates a single query: SELECT * FROM `users` Variation 2 - use Profile model in view; lazy load Profile model # UserController @users = User.find(:all) # User's Index view <% for user in @users %> <p><%= user.username %></p> <p><%= user.profile.full_name %></p> <% end %> # generates multiple queries: SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 1) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SHOW FIELDS FROM `profiles` SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 2) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 3) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 4) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 5) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 6) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 Variation 3 - eager load Profile model # UserController @users = User.find(:all, :include => :profile) #view; no changes # two queries SELECT * FROM `users` SELECT `profiles`.* FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id IN (1,2,3,4,5,6)) Variation 4 - use name_scope, including eager-loading instruction #UserConroller @users = User.visible(:include => :profile) #view; no changes # generates multiple queries SELECT `users`.* FROM `users` INNER JOIN profiles ON users.id=profiles.user_id WHERE (users.disabled = 0 AND profiles.hidden = 0) SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 1) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 2) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 3) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 SELECT * FROM `profiles` WHERE (`profiles`.user_id = 4) ORDER BY full_name ASC LIMIT 1 Variation 4 does return the correct number of records, but also appears to be ignoring the eager-loading instruction. Is this an issue with cross-model named scopes? Perhaps I'm not using it correctly. Is this sort of situation handled better by Rails 3?

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