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• why can’t I see my Hardrive for my compaq mini 110c from A windows Xp installation on usb stick?

  - by sludog1

  I have a Compaq mini 110c-1100dx and I'm having a terrible time trying to reinstall windows. I dont have a external CD drive and REALLY dont want to pay HP 200bux for one. so, I've been TRYING to reinstall WinXP from a flashdrive and I have it to the point where the XP installation gets past the Agreement, but then the netbooks hard drive is not showing up, it's jus giving me the option to install WInXP onto the flash drive, registering as C:. I've tried using nLite to add extra drivers to the WinXP "cd" but I dont think I have the correct HD drivers and I am stuck. ANY help at all be great

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• DVD/CD-ROM drives stop working in Windows 7

  - by Marcus L

  All of a sudden Windows 7 (64 bit) lost all DVD and CD-ROM drives. It worked fine for about a month, then I don't know what happened. At first I thought it was a hardware problem - that my DVD-ROM had malfunctioned. But then I realized that Windows 7 no longer picked up on Demon Tools drives either. I can boot both Windows installation and Knoppix from the DVD-drive. So it seems to be a general problem with "disc-media". When trying to reinstall the hardware DVD-ROM Windows recognizes the drive (though sometimes simply label it as "CD-ROM drive"), but then says something went wrong - with from what I understand is a default error message (39), claiming the driver has become corrupt. I've tried every Microsoft recommended action, i.e. uninstall, reinstall, look for driver updates etc. etc., but with no luck. Any tip most welcome!

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• Installed Windows 7 without formatting disk? Possible?

  - by ile

  I've just installed Win7 but I'm little confused. When booting from XP cd, there is an option to format hard drive. After choosing which partition to format, format process takes usually not less than hour (depends on size of partition), but when I clicked on Format when in Windows 7 installation interface, I received some message (I cant remember what was it, but it was not any error message or something like that) and that was it. After that I choose to install Windows 7 and installation began. "Expanding Windows Files" was the longest process of installation. Was that the part when the hard drive was formatted? I don't understand what happened? Is it possible that my hard drive was not formatted but still installation was successful?

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• Hot-swapping drives

  - by user57770

  I have hot swap drives and controllers, but have never actually used the hot swap capability. What is the procedure for doing so? Do I need to warn Linux that I'm about to pull a drive out? Should I do anything after I put a drive back in? Does it make a difference whether the drive is part of a RAID set? The drives are generally RAIDed, but not always. Any RAID sets are managed by Linux, rather than the controller. The machines are running Fedora and CentOS.

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• USB port not working

  - by sharza

  Everytime I put pendrive in the USB port(all ports in my computer) it doesnt work especially when plug the USB Flash Drive, but after several hours it work again. But When I try to open this pen drive data on other computers, I'm able to open & work ... So definitely there is no problem with my pen drive. and I've enabled USB keyboard & mouse in Bios. I using windows xp and using USB 2.0 Please help ...

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• How do I restore a Windows 8 iso image to a USB disk in OS X?

  - by duci9y

  I am on OS X and have a Windows 8 Consumer Preview x64 image. My computer doesn’t have a CD drive (MacBook Air). I have a 4 GB USB drive. I want to restore that image to the USB drive. There are many tools to do that on Windows, but I can’t finger out how to do it in OS X. Please note that I can’t run a VM, as my Air is a limited use machine. What I’ve tried: Simply restore to USB. Convert the image to img and use dd. These don’t work. How do I go about doing this?

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• USB 3.0 randomly disconnecting and reconnecting

  - by user1624552

  I had an old laptop that died so I have bought a new one. I have taken the 2.5 SATA hard drive from the old laptop and I have put it into an external 2.5 SATA enclosure usb 3.0 and I connect it to the new laptop. My new laptop has Windows 8 64 bit installed. When I connect the external hard drive to the new laptop throught USB 3.0 port, it gets randomly disconnecting and reconnecting continuously, even when I am not using it. Also happens if I connect to another usb 3.0 port. Also I have observed that If I connect the external hard drive to a USB 2.0 port instead of an USB 3.0 port all work ok, no randomly disconnection and reconnection occurs. It only happens when I connect it to an USB 3.0 port. Some ideas to solve this issue?

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• vmware takes too much time to shut down

  - by user33754

  Each time I shuting down my virtual machine - it takes like 30 minutes for VM Ware to complete the process. The shut down is done, but it shows a black screen and doesn't respond to any command. I can't do a Power Power OFF or Power Suspend. When I click it - nothing changes. When trying to close - it says "still busy". This happens only when using a Virtual Machine stored on an external hard drive. When Virtual Machine files are stored on a local drive - everything is OK. Hard drive is working good. Any suggestions how can I investigate the issue?

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• Harddrive speed drops a lot!

  - by AZ

  The hard drive is used to do BT with uTorrent. Recently uTorrent began to report there is a "I/O Device error", then I use HD Tune to test it, it turns out the transfer rate is only 16 MB/sec. At the same time, I have a similar hard drive tested, it rates as 120 MB/sec. They are both 7200rpm desktop hard drives. I used chkdsk to fix it but the rate didn't change. Is this a symptom of hard drive failure? Should I backup the content on the disk ASAP or is there any other tool can fix it or diagnosis it?`

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• Command-line tool to search for file names on offline backup drives

  - by halloleo

  I am looking for an open-source (command-line) tool to register and search all my (backup) drives on a file name level. I want to search for file and folder names preferably written as regular expressions or file glob patterns. The external drives contain just normal HFS and NTFS filesystems. The backups are done via direct file copy. Requirement is that the tool compiles on OS X and works without each of the drives attached, but rather pointing me to the drive in case a drive contains a file with the pattern I searched for. At the moment I use a hand-knit script solution with locate databases, one for each external backup drive, but this is rather cumbersome, because locate itself can accesses only one database at a time and does not contain any management system for all the indices/databases. Are there any other tools out there for this?

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• Hybrid HDD/SSD Volume Windows

  - by ccrama

  Is it possible to create a hybrid drive-like experience using an ssd and a hdd? In theory, frequently used files would be stored on the faster ssd, and larger/less used would be moved to the hdd. I know you can create shared volumes in windows, but the speed differences would create some issues I would assume, and it doesn't have drive preference for what gets stored on what drive. Any programs/info/advice would be great! Thanks! (PS. I saw this question, but it was asked three years ago and some solutions have probably changed)

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• Computer won't start when connecting SATA HDD

  - by vlad

  I just bough a new HDD some time ago and recently i bought another SATA cable to have both HDDs connected at the same time, to transfer all the files from the older one to the newer. When i connected both of them, the computer started working, i tapped F2 to go to bios to make sure it was detected, and then after 5-10 seconds the computer instantly shut down. After this incident, my computer won't start at all when connecting the SATA power supply to the old HDD. If i connect only my new drive, it works without any problem. If i connect only my old drive, or both the old drive and the new one, and then push on the power button, the cpu fan simply rotates about 5 degrees and then stops.. and that's it, the computer doesn't start, and no sound from the pc speaker either. Is there any way to recover my files from the old HDD and transfer them to my new one? I do not want to use the old HDD any more, i only need to save all my files.

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• Restoring a backup SQL Server 2005 where is the data stored?

  - by sc_ray

  I have two Sql Server database instances on two different machines across the network. Lets call these servers A and B. Due to some infrastructural issues, I had to make a complete backup of the database on server A and robocopy the A.bak over to a shared drive accessible by both A and B. What I want is to restore the database on B. My first issue is to restore the backup on server B but the backup location does not display my shared drive. My next issue is that server B's C: drive has barely any space left and there are some additional partitions that have more space and can house my backup file but I am not sure what happens to the data after I restore the database on B. Would the backup data fill up all the available space on C:? It will be great if somebody explain how the data is laid out after the restore database is initiated on a target database server? Thanks

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• How to Create Shortcuts to Programs on USB Drives

  - by Lori Kaufman

  If you work on multiple computers, you probably use a USB drive to take your favorite portable software with you. Portable application suites like PortableApps.com, CodySafe, or Lupo PenSuite, each have a main menu providing access to the programs installed into the suite. However, there may be reasons why you need to create shortcuts to programs on your USB drive. You may be using a program that does not integrate into the suite’s main menu. Or, you may not be using an official portable application suite at all, and just placing portable software in a folder on your USB drive. Maybe you prefer using shortcuts on the root of the USB drive, like a portable desktop. Whatever your reason, you can’t just create a shortcut to an application on the USB drive and place it in the root of the drive. The shortcut will always refer to the full path of the application, including the drive letter. Different computers assign different drive letters to USB flash drives, so you would have to change the drive letter for your shortcuts when it changes. You can assign a static drive letter to the USB drive. However, if you would rather not do that, there is a way to create shortcuts to programs on a USB drive using relative paths. Because Windows does not support relative paths in shortcuts, we will show you how to create a “shortcut” on the root of a USB drive by creating a batch (.bat) file and converting it to an executable (.exe) file. What’s the Difference Between Sleep and Hibernate in Windows? Screenshot Tour: XBMC 11 Eden Rocks Improved iOS Support, AirPlay, and Even a Custom XBMC OS How To Be Your Own Personal Clone Army (With a Little Photoshop)

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• dvd drive I/O error?

  - by bobby

  i get dis error evry time i burn a cd/dvd thru my dvd drive...!! Nero Burning ROM bobby 4C85-200E-4005-0004-0000-7660-0800-35X3-0000-407M-MX37-**** (*) Windows XP 6.1 IA32 WinAspi: - NT-SPTI used Nero Version: 7.11.3. Internal Version: 7, 11, 3, (Nero Express) Recorder: Version: UL01 - HA 1 TA 1 - 7.11.3.0 Adapter driver: HA 1 Drive buffer : 2048kB Bus Type : default CD-ROM: Version: 52PP - HA 1 TA 0 - 7.11.3.0 Adapter driver: HA 1 === Scsi-Device-Map === === CDRom-Device-Map === ATAPI-CD ROM-DRIVE-52MAX F: CdRom0 HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-H12N G: CdRom1 ======================= AutoRun : 1 Excluded drive IDs: WriteBufferSize: 83886080 (0) Byte BUFE : 0 Physical memory : 958MB (981560kB) Free physical memory: 309MB (317024kB) Memory in use : 67 % Uncached PFiles: 0x0 Use Inquiry : 1 Global Bus Type: default (0) Check supported media : Disabled (0) 11.6.2010 CD Image 10:43:02 AM #1 Text 0 File SCSIPTICommands.cpp, Line 450 LockMCN - completed sucessfully for IOCTL_STORAGE_MCN_CONTROL 10:43:02 AM #2 Text 0 File Burncd.cpp, Line 3186 HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-H12N Buffer underrun protection activated 10:43:02 AM #3 Text 0 File Burncd.cpp, Line 3500 Turn on Disc-At-Once, using CD-R/RW media 10:43:02 AM #4 Text 0 File DlgWaitCD.cpp, Line 307 Last possible write address on media: 359848 ( 79:59.73) Last address to be written: 318783 ( 70:52.33) 10:43:02 AM #5 Text 0 File DlgWaitCD.cpp, Line 319 Write in overburning mode: NO (enabled: CD) 10:43:02 AM #6 Text 0 File DlgWaitCD.cpp, Line 2988 Recorder: HL-DT-ST DVDRAM G SA-H12N; CDR co de: 00 97 27 18; O SJ entry from: Pla smon Data systems Ltd. ATIP Data: Special Info [hex] 1: D0 00 A0, 2: 61 1B 12 (LI 97:27.18), 3: 4F 3B 4A ( LO 79:59.74) Additional Info [hex] 1: 00 00 00 (invalid), 2: 00 00 00 (invalid), 3: 00 0 0 00 (invalid) 10:43:02 AM #7 Text 0 File DlgWaitCD.cpp, Line 493 Protocol of DlgWaitCD activities: TRM_DATA_MODE1, 2048, config 0, wanted index0 0 blocks, length 318784 blo cks [G: HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-H12N] -------------------------------------------------------------- 10:43:02 AM #9 Text 0 File ThreadedTransferInterface.cpp, Line 986 Prepare [G: HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-H12N] for write in CUE-sheet-DAO DAO infos: ========== MCN: "" TOCType: 0x00; Se ssion Clo sed, disc fixated Tracks 1 to 1: Idx 0 Idx 1 Next T rk 1: TRM_DATA_MODE1, 2048/0x00, FilePos 0 307200 6531768 32, ISRC "" DAO layout: =========== ___Start_|____Track_|_Idx_|_CtrlAdr_|_____Size_|______NWA_|_RecDep__________ -150 | lead-in | 0 | 0x41 | 0 | 0 | 0x00 -150 | 1 | 0 | 0x41 | 0 | 0 | 0x00 0 | 1 | 1 | 0x41 | 318784 | 318784 | 0x00 318784 | lead-out | 1 | 0x41 | 0 | 0 | 0x00 10:43:02 AM #10 Text 0 File SCSIPTICommands.cpp, Line 240 SPTILockVolume - completed successfully for FSCTL_LOCK_VOLUME 10:43:02 AM #11 Text 0 File Burncd.cpp, Line 4286 Caching options: cache CDRom or Network-Yes, small files-Yes ( ON 10:43:03 AM #19 Text 0 File MMC.cpp, Line 18034 CueData, Len=32 41 00 00 14 00 00 00 00 41 01 00 10 00 00 00 00 41 01 01 10 00 00 02 00 41 aa 01 14 00 46 34 22 10:43:03 AM #20 Text 0 File ThreadedTransfer.cpp, Line 268 Pipe memory size 83836800 10:43:16 AM #21 Text 0 File Cdrdrv.cpp, Line 1405 10:43:16.806 - G: HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-H12N : Queue again later 10:43:42 AM #22 SPTI -1502 File SCSIPassThrough.cpp, Line 181 CdRom1: SCSIStatus(x02) WinError(0) NeroError(-1502) Sense Key: 0x04 (KEY_HARDWARE_ERROR) Nero Report 2 Nero Burning ROM Sense Code: 0x08 Sense Qual: 0x03 CDB Data: 0x2A 00 00 00 4D 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 Sense Area: 0x70 00 04 00 00 00 00 10 53 29 A1 80 08 03 Buffer x0c7d9a40: Len x10000 0xDC 87 EB 41 6E AC 61 5A 07 B2 DB 78 B5 D4 D9 24 0x8D BC 51 38 46 56 0F EE 16 15 5C 5B E3 B0 10 16 0x14 B1 C3 6E 30 2B C4 78 15 AB D5 92 09 B7 81 23 10:43:42 AM #23 CDR -1502 File Writer.cpp, Line 306 DMA-driver error, CRC error G: HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GSA-H12N 10:43:55 AM #24 Phase 38 File dlgbrnst.cpp, Line 1767 Burn process failed at 48x (7,200 KB/s) 10:43:55 AM #25 Text 0 File SCSIPTICommands.cpp, Line 287 SPTIDismountVolume - completed successfully for FSCTL_DISMOUNT_VOLUME 10:44:01 AM #26 Text 0 File Cdrdrv.cpp, Line 11412 DriveLocker: UnLockVolume completed 10:44:01 AM #27 Text 0 File SCSIPTICommands.cpp, Line 450 UnLockMCN - completed sucessfully for IOCTL_STORAGE_MCN_CONTROL Existing drivers: Registry Keys: HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\WinLogon Nero Report 3

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• Network outside internal not reaching TMG Forefront 2010 (Hyper-V environment)

  - by Pascal

  Below is my environment: I have 1 physical machine running Windows 2008 R2, with the Hyper-V role. This machine has 3 physical NICs: One for Internet One for Internal Network One for Wireless Network All 3 have their respective Virtual Networks in Hyper-V, and I have an extra Private virutal machine network for a DMZ Network. In one of the virtual machines, I have TMG Forefront 2010 SP1 installed, with all 4 networks available to it. Below is the IPCONFIG /ALL at the firewall: Windows IP Configuration Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : FRW-EXP1-02 Primary Dns Suffix . . . . . . . : exp1.eti.br Node Type . . . . . . . . . . . . : Hybrid IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : Yes WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : No DNS Suffix Search List. . . . . . : exp1.eti.br Ethernet adapter Internet: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft Virtual Machine Bus Network Adapter #4 Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-15-5D-01-06-0E DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::6d05:6033:4cfc:bdf5%15(Preferred) IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 189.100.110.xxx(Preferred) Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.240.0 Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : quarta-feira, 5 de janeiro de 2011 11:17:24 Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : quarta-feira, 5 de janeiro de 2011 16:07:02 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 189.100.96.xxx DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : 201.6.2.43 DHCPv6 IAID . . . . . . . . . . . : 436213085 DHCPv6 Client DUID. . . . . . . . : 00-01-00-01-14-6D-75-6F-00-15-5D-01-06-0B DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 201.6.2.163 201.6.2.43 NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled Ethernet adapter Rede Interna: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft Virtual Machine Bus Network Adapter #3 Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-15-5D-01-06-0C DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::51ff:4723:ce4c:bbc3%14(Preferred) IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 10.50.75.10(Preferred) Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : DHCPv6 IAID . . . . . . . . . . . : 352327005 DHCPv6 Client DUID. . . . . . . . : 00-01-00-01-14-6D-75-6F-00-15-5D-01-06-0B DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 10.50.75.1 10.50.75.2 NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled Ethernet adapter DMZ: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft Virtual Machine Bus Network Adapter #2 Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-15-5D-01-06-0A DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::d4c5:75cf:e9aa:73e1%13(Preferred) IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.10.1(Preferred) Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : DHCPv6 IAID . . . . . . . . . . . : 301995357 DHCPv6 Client DUID. . . . . . . . : 00-01-00-01-14-6D-75-6F-00-15-5D-01-06-0B DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : fec0:0:0:ffff::1%1 fec0:0:0:ffff::2%1 fec0:0:0:ffff::3%1 NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled Ethernet adapter Wireless: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft Virtual Machine Bus Network Adapter Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-15-5D-01-06-0B DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::459:8ca6:d02:8da1%11(Preferred) IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.10(Preferred) Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : DHCPv6 IAID . . . . . . . . . . . : 234886493 DHCPv6 Client DUID. . . . . . . . : 00-01-00-01-14-6D-75-6F-00-15-5D-01-06-0B DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : fec0:0:0:ffff::1%1 fec0:0:0:ffff::2%1 fec0:0:0:ffff::3%1 NetBIOS over Tcpip. . . . . . . . : Enabled I have the Networks below at Forefront: External: IP addresses external to the Forefront TMG Networks Internal: 10.50.75.0 - 10.50.75.255 Local Host: Perimiter: 192.168.10.0 - 192.168.10.255 Wireless: 192.168.1.0 - 192.168.1.255 In the Networks Rules, I have: 1 => Route => Local Host => All Networks 2 => Route => Quarantined; VPN => Internal 3 => NAT => Internal; VPN => Perimiter 4 => NAT => Internal; Perimiter; Quarantined; VPN; Wireless => External My problem is that I can only communicate with the Internal and External networks. If a ping www.google.com or 10.50.75.21 from the Forefront VM, I get answer backs without a problem. If I try to ping a machine at the Perimiter network or the Wireless network, it doesn't get routed back to Forefront, and it's the default gateway on all Networks. Here as ping samples: PS C:\Users\Administrator.TPB1> ping www.google.com Pinging www.l.google.com [64.233.163.104] with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 64.233.163.104: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=58 Reply from 64.233.163.104: bytes=32 time=8ms TTL=58 Ping statistics for 64.233.163.104: Packets: Sent = 2, Received = 2, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 8ms, Maximum = 11ms, Average = 9ms Control-C PS C:\Users\Administrator.TPB1> ping 10.50.75.21 Pinging 10.50.75.21 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 10.50.75.21: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.50.75.21: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.50.75.21: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128 Reply from 10.50.75.21: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 10.50.75.21: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 1ms PS C:\Users\Administrator.TPB1> ping 192.168.10.3 Pinging 192.168.10.3 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.10.1: Destination host unreachable. Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Ping statistics for 192.168.10.3: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 1, Lost = 3 (75% loss), PS C:\Users\Administrator.TPB1> The ping to the 192.168.10.3 gets the Destination host unreachable. Below is the ipconfig for the perimiter VM: PS C:\Users\Administrator.Administrator> ipconfig /all Windows IP Configuration Host Name . . . . . . . . . . . . : app-exp1-02 Primary Dns Suffix . . . . . . . : Node Type . . . . . . . . . . . . : Unkown IP Routing Enabled. . . . . . . . : No WINS Proxy Enabled. . . . . . . . : No Ethernet adapter Local Area Connection: Connection-specific DNS Suffix . : Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Microsoft Virtual Machine Bus Network Adapter Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 00-15-5D-01-06-08 DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : No IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.10.3 Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0 Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.10.1 DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 201.6.2.163 201.6.2.43 Trying to ping 192.168.10.1 ( the gateway ) from the DMZ machine also does not work. When I use Log & Reports to monitor packets from Wireless network and Perimiter network, I don't get any packets link PING or HTTP that I try to send. But I do get a lot of spoofing messages for NETBIOS broadcasts... it's like Forefront thinks it's coming from a different network, but I don't know why. Please Help! Tks

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• Do Limited Wi-Fi Channels Restrict Network Availability?

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Wi-Fi protocol supports 13 communication channels; how do these channels relate to the volume of devices you can have on the network and the quality of the connection? Read on learn more about Wi-Fi channel usage. Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-drive grouping of Q&A web sites. Why Does 64-Bit Windows Need a Separate “Program Files (x86)” Folder? Why Your Android Phone Isn’t Getting Operating System Updates and What You Can Do About It How To Delete, Move, or Rename Locked Files in Windows

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• How will Deja-Dup operates when backing up to an external USB drive?

  - by Little Bobby Tables

  I want to set up regular backups, and deja-dup seems like a nice tool. However, I want to put my backups on an extension USB drive that I have, not on a remote network location. Naturally, this drive is not always connected. If I configure deja-dup to backup to a directory on this drive (e.g. /media/extention/backup), what would happen? Will it prompt me to connect the drive when it is missing (the desired behavior), or just fail silently? Is there some way to tweak it to do so? I can roll my own cron-based backup script that checks if this drive is mounted, but I would really prefer to use an existing, integrated tool.

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• Computer Networks UNISA - Chap 10 &ndash; In Depth TCP/IP Networking

  - by MarkPearl

  After reading this section you should be able to Understand methods of network design unique to TCP/IP networks, including subnetting, CIDR, and address translation Explain the differences between public and private TCP/IP networks Describe protocols used between mail clients and mail servers, including SMTP, POP3, and IMAP4 Employ multiple TCP/IP utilities for network discovery and troubleshooting Designing TCP/IP-Based Networks The following sections explain how network and host information in an IPv4 address can be manipulated to subdivide networks into smaller segments. Subnetting Subnetting separates a network into multiple logically defined segments, or subnets. Networks are commonly subnetted according to geographic locations, departmental boundaries, or technology types. A network administrator might separate traffic to accomplish the following… Enhance security Improve performance Simplify troubleshooting The challenges of Classful Addressing in IPv4 (No subnetting) The simplest type of IPv4 is known as classful addressing (which was the Class A, Class B & Class C network addresses). Classful addressing has the following limitations. Restriction in the number of usable IPv4 addresses (class C would be limited to 254 addresses) Difficult to separate traffic from various parts of a network Because of the above reasons, subnetting was introduced. IPv4 Subnet Masks Subnetting depends on the use of subnet masks to identify how a network is subdivided. A subnet mask indicates where network information is located in an IPv4 address. The 1 in a subnet mask indicates that corresponding bits in the IPv4 address contain network information (likewise 0 indicates the opposite) Each network class is associated with a default subnet mask… Class A = 255.0.0.0 Class B = 255.255.0.0 Class C = 255.255.255.0 An example of calculating  the network ID for a particular device with a subnet mask is shown below.. IP Address = 199.34.89.127 Subnet Mask = 255.255.255.0 Resultant Network ID = 199.34.89.0 IPv4 Subnetting Techniques Subnetting breaks the rules of classful IPv4 addressing. Read page 490 for a detailed explanation Calculating IPv4 Subnets Read page 491 – 494 for an explanation Important… Subnetting only applies to the devices internal to your network. Everything external looks at the class of the IP address instead of the subnet network ID. This way, traffic directed to your network externally still knows where to go, and once it has entered your internal network it can then be prioritized and segmented. CIDR (classless Interdomain Routing) CIDR is also known as classless routing or supernetting. In CIDR conventional network class distinctions do not exist, a subnet boundary can move to the left, therefore generating more usable IP addresses on your network. A subnet created by moving the subnet boundary to the left is known as a supernet. With CIDR also came new shorthand for denoting the position of subnet boundaries known as CIDR notation or slash notation. CIDR notation takes the form of the network ID followed by a forward slash (/) followed by the number of bits that are used for the extended network prefix. To take advantage of classless routing, your networks routers must be able to interpret IP addresses that don;t adhere to conventional network class parameters. Routers that rely on older routing protocols (i.e. RIP) are not capable of interpreting classless IP addresses. Internet Gateways Gateways are a combination of software and hardware that enable two different network segments to exchange data. A gateway facilitates communication between different networks or subnets. Because on device cannot send data directly to a device on another subnet, a gateway must intercede and hand off the information. Every device on a TCP/IP based network has a default gateway (a gateway that first interprets its outbound requests to other subnets, and then interprets its inbound requests from other subnets). The internet contains a vast number of routers and gateways. If each gateway had to track addressing information for every other gateway on the Internet, it would be overtaxed. Instead, each handles only a relatively small amount of addressing information, which it uses to forward data to another gateway that knows more about the data’s destination. The gateways that make up the internet backbone are called core gateways. Address Translation An organizations default gateway can also be used to “hide” the organizations internal IP addresses and keep them from being recognized on a public network. A public network is one that any user may access with little or no restrictions. On private networks, hiding IP addresses allows network managers more flexibility in assigning addresses. Clients behind a gateway may use any IP addressing scheme, regardless of whether it is recognized as legitimate by the Internet authorities but as soon as those devices need to go on the internet, they must have legitimate IP addresses to exchange data. When a clients transmission reaches the default gateway, the gateway opens the IP datagram and replaces the client’s private IP address with an Internet recognized IP address. This process is known as NAT (Network Address Translation). TCP/IP Mail Services All Internet mail services rely on the same principles of mail delivery, storage, and pickup, though they may use different types of software to accomplish these functions. Email servers and clients communicate through special TCP/IP application layer protocols. These protocols, all of which operate on a variety of operating systems are discussed below… SMTP (Simple Mail transfer Protocol) The protocol responsible for moving messages from one mail server to another over TCP/IP based networks. SMTP belongs to the application layer of the ODI model and relies on TCP as its transport protocol. Operates from port 25 on the SMTP server Simple sub-protocol, incapable of doing anything more than transporting mail or holding it in a queue MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) The standard message format specified by SMTP allows for lines that contain no more than 1000 ascii characters meaning if you relied solely on SMTP you would have very short messages and nothing like pictures included in an email. MIME us a standard for encoding and interpreting binary files, images, video, and non-ascii character sets within an email message. MIME identifies each element of a mail message according to content type. MIME does not replace SMTP but works in conjunction with it. Most modern email clients and servers support MIME POP (Post Office Protocol) POP is an application layer protocol used to retrieve messages from a mail server POP3 relies on TCP and operates over port 110 With POP3 mail is delivered and stored on a mail server until it is downloaded by a user Disadvantage of POP3 is that it typically does not allow users to save their messages on the server because of this IMAP is sometimes used IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) IMAP is a retrieval protocol that was developed as a more sophisticated alternative to POP3 The single biggest advantage IMAP4 has over POP3 is that users can store messages on the mail server, rather than having to continually download them Users can retrieve all or only a portion of any mail message Users can review their messages and delete them while the messages remain on the server Users can create sophisticated methods of organizing messages on the server Users can share a mailbox in a central location Disadvantages of IMAP are typically related to the fact that it requires more storage space on the server. Additional TCP/IP Utilities Nearly all TCP/IP utilities can be accessed from the command prompt on any type of server or client running TCP/IP. The syntaxt may differ depending on the OS of the client. Below is a list of additional TCP/IP utilities – research their use on your own! Ipconfig (Windows) & Ifconfig (Linux) Netstat Nbtstat Hostname, Host & Nslookup Dig (Linux) Whois (Linux) Traceroute (Tracert) Mtr (my traceroute) Route

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• Unable to connect to wireless network

  - by Mike

  A real newbie here. Just downloaded Ubuntu 12.10, put on USB stick and have booted it on my other PC after modifying the boot sequence to boot from USB before hard drive where Windows XP lives. Have no problems with Windows and my wireless but not with Ubuntu. The PC is a Dell Latitude D630 laptop. According to Windows XP , the wireless card is a Dell Wireless 1490 Dual Band WLAN Mini-Card, my IP address is 192.168.0.193, subnet mask is 255.255.255.0, assigned by DHCP, SSID is HOME , type 802.11 and default gateway is 192.168.0.1. Ok, back to booting from USB and TRY option, I am Editing Network connections, I have created/configured "Wireless connection 1" with SSID of HOME and the only other thing I have changed is on the "Editing IPV4 routes for Wireless connection 1 I have enterred 192.168.0.193 , netmask 255.255.255.0 and gateway 192.168.0.1 Anyways , no go. Could use some help. Thanks, Mike from Montreal

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• How to get average network load instead of instant

  - by Adam Ryczkowski

  Welcome, I use conky to see network load statistics with sampling every 8 seconds in order to get somewhat more smooth history chart. Unfortunately, all values i get are not average for this 8 second period, but they are sampled from much smaller time span, so charts are the same choppy, as if they were sampled from 1 second or less. Is there any way to get conky (or at least System Monitor) display system properties averaged over specified amount of time, just like Windows' task manager does? I would like to have conky display hard drive usage from iostat, but there will be little use if it, if conky reports instant values not averaged over time.

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• Can I run Ubuntu Live from a USB flash-drive without destroying the data on it?

  - by Lucian

  I already have a number of files on a flash drive (8 gb) that I would prefer to keep, but I would like to try Ubuntu even if merely for the aesthetics. I use Windows XP. I know that it's definitely possible to run Ubuntu from a bootable drive like my flash drive to try Ubuntu but I would much rather keep my files intact not only on my flash drive but also my hard drive, if that's possible. I also want to know if it's entirely possible that while running Ubuntu from the USB if I can switch back to Windows while my computer is still on. If I'm missing something, please let me know. I'm very grateful for any assistance in this matter.

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• Issues running alongside windows and connecting to wireless network

  - by user292247

  Okay so I'm trying to get started with ubuntu but I'm encountering a couple problems: When I boot up the CD and try to install, it does not recognize that I have windows 7 installed and just sees it as unallocated space so the only way I've been able to install it is by wiping the drive which was fine, but it'd be nice to be able to boot either. And secondly, I cannot figure out how to get wireless working. When I try to connect on the initial installation process it tells me to connect to my adapter and just asks for a password. I suspect it could be a driver issue but I wouldn't know where to find it. I have an AR9485 atheros adapter and am attempting to run ubuntu 14.04. Thanks

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• How to get my windows docs ; pics, mp3, and docs off an external usb hard drive (sata 3.5 enclosure)

  - by Alan

  Back when I had windows 7, I cloned my internal hard drive to an enclosed external usb hard drive. I then formatted my internal hard drive and installed ubuntu 11.10 as my only OS. How do I migrate my files, pics, mp3's, and etc off the external drive and back to my internal drive which now only has ubuntu on it. (and why is this process not made easier?) I have tried logging in as the root user but I cannot find the external device. I have downloaded several different apps to manage files, usb sticks and etc. PLEASE HELP!!!

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• My network drive disappears from Mac OS Finder

  - by Mariusz

  I have recently bought a Netgear WNDR3800 router to use it in my home network. But just the same day I installed it, I noticed a strange behaviour of Finder and iTunes. Let me explain it further. There is a Synology DS111 NAS attached to that router and two Macs with Mac OS X Lion. One of them is connected by a cable and the second one wirelessly. Before I changed my router to the new one I mentioned above, Finder always used to display my NAS on its sidebar. So I could just click its network name to access shared folders existing on it. But after I installed WNDR3800, I can no longer access the NAS that way. It is no longer displayed. I always have to mount it manually by typing its IP address using the Finder's 'connect to server' option. The same NAS supports TimeMachine backups and has an inbuilt DLNA server. And the same situation here. I can't perform a backup because my NAS is no longer accessible in TimeMachine preferences. iTunes does not display it as well (as a multimedia server) even though it used to before I installed that router. What's important, everything works fine for a couple of minutes after I restart the router or the NAS. Or even when I change the NAS's IP address it becomes accessible again in Finder, TimeMachine and iTunes, but only for some time. Both the Mac computers I mentioned behave the same way. And all those issues have been taking place sice I installed that new router. Before I did that, everything had worked fine. My old router was Netgear WGR614v10. Would you be so kind to tell me what you think could possibly be the reason of that behaviour? What settings of the router should I look closer at? I'm not a network specialist, but is it possible that some network packets are blocked for some reason? I will be grateful for any clues you give me. Thank you.

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