Search Results

Search found 14709 results on 589 pages for 'root permission'.

Page 127/589 | < Previous Page | 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134  | Next Page >

• What is causing my spacebar to randomly stop working?

  - by Chris Billington

  A couple of times a day, I'll be typing something and realise I can't type spaces. Usually the cursor will flicker instead when I press the spacebar, and I can type all other letters as far as I can tell. If I'm in a terminal the cursor turns from a solid square to an empty square until I release the spacebar. For some reason, restarting compiz with alt-F2 compiz fixes it, until it next occurs. I can still copy and paste spaces from sources that already have them, and I can still insert spaces with ctrl-shift-u, 20, enter. This has been happening for a while, since before I upgraded to maverick, but it feels like its beceoming more frequent. There really doesn't seem to be any kind of a pattern to it. I'm using 64 bit ubuntu 10.10 on a system76 panp7 laptop. Any ideas how I might troubleshoot? EDIT: using xev, normally a spacebar registers as: KeyPress event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x5600001, root 0x101, subw 0x0, time 26488647, (88,403), root:(748,458), state 0x10, keycode 65 (keysym 0x20, space), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 1 bytes: (20) " " XmbLookupString gives 1 bytes: (20) " " XFilterEvent returns: False KeyRelease event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x5600001, root 0x101, subw 0x0, time 26488729, (88,403), root:(748,458), state 0x10, keycode 65 (keysym 0x20, space), same_screen YES, XLookupString gives 1 bytes: (20) " " XFilterEvent returns: False But when it's stopped behaving a press of the spacebar instead gives the three events: FocusOut event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x5600001, mode NotifyGrab, detail NotifyAncestor FocusIn event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x5600001, mode NotifyUngrab, detail NotifyAncestor KeymapNotify event, serial 36, synthetic NO, window 0x0, keys: 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FURTHER EDIT: Ok, so I think I've solved the problem, and by that I mean I now know which package to file a bug against. I have a hot corner which initiates a window picker, and I've customised the window picking so that left click goes to a window, right click closes one and spacebar zooms in on one. When I go to this hot corner, compiz must take control of my spacebar, and clearly isn't giving it back when I leave the window picker. So I'll be filing a bug against compiz. reported:here

  Read the article

• .NET Security Part 2

  - by Simon Cooper

  So, how do you create partial-trust appdomains? Where do you come across them? There are two main situations in which your assembly runs as partially-trusted using the Microsoft .NET stack: Creating a CLR assembly in SQL Server with anything other than the UNSAFE permission set. The permissions available in each permission set are given here. Loading an assembly in ASP.NET in any trust level other than Full. Information on ASP.NET trust levels can be found here. You can configure the specific permissions available to assemblies using ASP.NET policy files. Alternatively, you can create your own partially-trusted appdomain in code and directly control the permissions and the full-trust API available to the assemblies you load into the appdomain. This is the scenario I’ll be concentrating on in this post. Creating a partially-trusted appdomain There is a single overload of AppDomain.CreateDomain that allows you to specify the permissions granted to assemblies in that appdomain – this one. This is the only call that allows you to specify a PermissionSet for the domain. All the other calls simply use the permissions of the calling code. If the permissions are restricted, then the resulting appdomain is referred to as a sandboxed domain. There are three things you need to create a sandboxed domain: The specific permissions granted to all assemblies in the domain. The application base (aka working directory) of the domain. The list of assemblies that have full-trust if they are loaded into the sandboxed domain. The third item is what allows us to have a fully-trusted API that is callable by partially-trusted code. I’ll be looking at the details of this in a later post. Granting permissions to the appdomain Firstly, the permissions granted to the appdomain. This is encapsulated in a PermissionSet object, initialized either with no permissions or full-trust permissions. For sandboxed appdomains, the PermissionSet is initialized with no permissions, then you add permissions you want assemblies loaded into that appdomain to have by default: PermissionSet restrictedPerms = new PermissionSet(PermissionState.None); // all assemblies need Execution permission to run at all restrictedPerms.AddPermission( new SecurityPermission(SecurityPermissionFlag.Execution)); // grant general read access to C:\config.xml restrictedPerms.AddPermission( new FileIOPermission(FileIOPermissionAccess.Read, @"C:\config.xml")); // grant permission to perform DNS lookups restrictedPerms.AddPermission( new DnsPermission(PermissionState.Unrestricted)); It’s important to point out that the permissions granted to an appdomain, and so to all assemblies loaded into that appdomain, are usable without needing to go through any SafeCritical code (see my last post if you’re unsure what SafeCritical code is). That is, partially-trusted code loaded into an appdomain with the above permissions (and so running under the Transparent security level) is able to create and manipulate a FileStream object to read from C:\config.xml directly. It is only for operations requiring permissions that are not granted to the appdomain that partially-trusted code is required to call a SafeCritical method that then asserts the missing permissions and performs the operation safely on behalf of the partially-trusted code. The application base of the domain This is simply set as a property on an AppDomainSetup object, and is used as the default directory assemblies are loaded from: AppDomainSetup appDomainSetup = new AppDomainSetup { ApplicationBase = @"C:\temp\sandbox", }; If you’ve read the documentation around sandboxed appdomains, you’ll notice that it mentions a security hole if this parameter is set correctly. I’ll be looking at this, and other pitfalls, that will break the sandbox when using sandboxed appdomains, in a later post. Full-trust assemblies in the appdomain Finally, we need the strong names of the assemblies that, when loaded into the appdomain, will be run as full-trust, irregardless of the permissions specified on the appdomain. These assemblies will contain methods and classes decorated with SafeCritical and Critical attributes. I’ll be covering the details of creating full-trust APIs for partial-trust appdomains in a later post. This is how you get the strongnames of an assembly to be executed as full-trust in the sandbox: // get the Assembly object for the assembly Assembly assemblyWithApi = ... // get the StrongName from the assembly's collection of evidence StrongName apiStrongName = assemblyWithApi.Evidence.GetHostEvidence<StrongName>(); Creating the sandboxed appdomain So, putting these three together, you create the appdomain like so: AppDomain sandbox = AppDomain.CreateDomain( "Sandbox", null, appDomainSetup, restrictedPerms, apiStrongName); You can then load and execute assemblies in this appdomain like any other. For example, to load an assembly into the appdomain and get an instance of the Sandboxed.Entrypoint class, implementing IEntrypoint, you do this: IEntrypoint o = (IEntrypoint)sandbox.CreateInstanceFromAndUnwrap( "C:\temp\sandbox\SandboxedAssembly.dll", "Sandboxed.Entrypoint"); // call method the Execute method on this object within the sandbox o.Execute(); The second parameter to CreateDomain is for security evidence used in the appdomain. This was a feature of the .NET 2 security model, and has been (mostly) obsoleted in the .NET 4 model. Unless the evidence is needed elsewhere (eg. isolated storage), you can pass in null for this parameter. Conclusion That’s the basics of sandboxed appdomains. The most important object is the PermissionSet that defines the permissions available to assemblies running in the appdomain; it is this object that defines the appdomain as full or partial-trust. The appdomain also needs a default directory used for assembly lookups as the ApplicationBase parameter, and you can specify an optional list of the strongnames of assemblies that will be given full-trust permissions if they are loaded into the sandboxed appdomain. Next time, I’ll be looking closer at full-trust assemblies running in a sandboxed appdomain, and what you need to do to make an API available to partial-trust code.

  Read the article

• Sony VAIO with Insyde H2O EFI bios will not boot into GRUB EFI

  - by Rohan Dhruva

  I bought a new Sony Vaio S series laptop. It uses Insyde H2O BIOS EFI, and trying to install Linux on it is driving me crazy. root@kubuntu:~# parted /dev/sda print Model: ATA Hitachi HTS72756 (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 640GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 274MB 273MB fat32 EFI system partition hidden 2 274MB 20.8GB 20.6GB ntfs Basic data partition hidden, diag 3 20.8GB 21.1GB 273MB fat32 EFI system partition boot 4 21.1GB 21.3GB 134MB Microsoft reserved partition msftres 5 21.3GB 342GB 320GB ntfs Basic data partition 6 342GB 358GB 16.1GB ext4 Basic data partition 7 358GB 374GB 16.1GB ntfs Basic data partition 8 374GB 640GB 266GB ntfs Basic data partition What is surprising is that there are 2 EFI system partitions on the disk. The sda2 partition is a 20gb recovery partition which loads windows with a basic recovery interface. This is accessible by pressing the "ASSIST" button as opposed to the normal power button. I presume that the sda1 EFI System Partition (ESP) loads into this recovery. The sda3 ESP has more fleshed out entries for Microsoft Windows, which actually goes into Windows 7 (as confirmed by bcdedit.exe on Windows). Ubuntu is installed on sda6, and while installation I chose sda3 as my boot partition. The installer correctly created a sda3/EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi application. The real problem: for the life of me, I can't set it to be the default! I tried creating a sda3/startup.nsh which called grubx64.efi, but it didn't help -- on rebooting, the system still boots into windows. I tried using efibootmgr, and that shows as it it worked: root@kubuntu:~# efibootmgr BootCurrent: 0000 BootOrder: 0000,0001 Boot0000* EFI USB Device Boot0001* Windows Boot Manager root@kubuntu:~# efibootmgr --create --gpt --disk /dev/sda --part 3 --write-signature --label "GRUB2" --loader "\\EFI\\ubuntu\\grubx64.efi" BootCurrent: 0000 BootOrder: 0002,0000,0001 Boot0000* EFI USB Device Boot0001* Windows Boot Manager Boot0002* GRUB2 root@kubuntu:~# efibootmgr BootCurrent: 0000 BootOrder: 0002,0000,0001 Boot0000* EFI USB Device Boot0001* Windows Boot Manager Boot0002* GRUB2 However, on rebooting, as you guessed, the machine rebooted directly back into Windows. The only things I can think of are: The sda1 partition is somehow being used Overwrite /EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi and /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi with grubx64.efi [but this seems really radical]. Can anyone please help me out? Thanks -- any help is greatly appreciated, as this issue is driving me crazy!

  Read the article

• Hide 'Your profile could not be opened correctly'

  - by B. Roland

  Hello! I have a small public internet cafe, with Ubuntu 10.04 and 10.10. I'm using Google Chrome 7.0.517.44 (64615), with AutoScroll - Version: 2.7.5; AdBlock is removed because of high CPU loads, and unconfortable speed of machine. "Your profile could not be opened correctly" error is displayed: This image is only an illustration. The reason is that I changed permissions of some config files, to don't remember the history, there are no setting in options, to don't use history. I've been removed write permission to: ~/.config/google-chrome$ find . -group nopasswdlogin ./Default/Archived History ./Default/History ./Default/Visited Links When I solved all of my problem, I'll remove some other write permission, this is a public place. What methods are known to HIDE this message? Thanks!

  Read the article

• apport-collect fails with "certificate verify failed" when trying to report a bug on launchpad

  - by Francesco

  I am trying to report a bug but I get root@beagle:/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apport# apport-collect <bug_id> ERROR: connecting to Launchpad failed: [Errno 1] _ssl.c:504: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed You can reset the credentials by removing the file "/root/.cache/apport/launchpad.credentials" Moreover firefox tells me Certificate is not currently valid for bugs.launchpad.net. What can I do?

  Read the article

• S#arp Architecture 1.5.1 released

  - by AlecWhittington

  So far we have had some great success with the 1.5 release of S#arp Architecture, but there were a few issues that made it into the release that needed to be corrected. These issues were: Unnecessary assemblies in the root /bin and SolutionItemsContainer folders Nant folder removed from root /bin - this was causing issues with the build scripts that come with the project if the user did not have Nant installed and available via a path variable VS 2010 template - the CrudScaffoldingForEnterpriseApp...(read more)

  Read the article

• Branching and Merging with TortoiseSVN

  - by capgpilk

  For this example I am using Visual Studio 2010, TortoiseSVN 1.6.6, Subversion 1.6.6 and AnkhSVN 2.1.7819.411, so if you are using different versions, some of these screen shots may differ. This is assuming you have your code checked in to the trunk directory and have a standard SVN structure of trunk, branches and tags. There are a number of developers who prefer to develop solely in a branch and never touch the trunk, but the process is generally the same and you may be on a small team and prefer to work in the trunk and branch occasionally. There are three steps to successful branching. First you branch, then when you are ready you need to reintegrate any changes that other developers may have made to the trunk in to your branch. Then finally when your branch and the trunk are in sync, you merge it back in to the trunk. Branch Right click project root in Windows Explorer > TortoiseSVN > Branch/Tag Enter the branch label in the ‘To URL’ box. For example /branches/1.1 Choose Head revision Check Switch working copy Click OK Make any changes to branch Make any changes to trunk Commit any changes For this example I copied the project to another location prior to branching and made changes to that using Notepad++. Then committed it to SVN, as this directory is mapped to the trunk, that is what gets updated.   Merge Trunk with Branch Right click project root in Windows Explorer > TortoiseSVN > Merge Choose ‘Merge a range of revisions’ In ‘URL to merge from’ choose your trunk Click Next, then the ‘test merge’ button. This will highlight any conflicts. Here we have one conflict we will need to resolve because we made a change and checked in to trunk earlier Click merge. Now we have the opportunity to edit that conflict This will open up TortoiseMerge which will allow us to resolve the issue. In this case I want both changes. Perform an Update then Commit Reloading in Visual Studio shows we have all changes that have been made to both trunk and branch. Merge Branch with Trunk Switch working copy by right clicking project root in Windows Explorer > TortoiseSVN > switch Switch to the trunk then ok Right click project root in Windows Explorer > TortoiseSVN > merge Choose ‘Reintegrate a branch’ In ‘From URL’ choose your branch then next Click ‘Test merge’, this shouldn’t show any conflicts Click Merge Perform Update then Commit Open project in Visual Studio, we now have all changes. So there we have it we are connected back to the trunk and have all the updates merged.

  Read the article

• PTLQueue : a scalable bounded-capacity MPMC queue

  - by Dave

  Title: Fast concurrent MPMC queue -- I've used the following concurrent queue algorithm enough that it warrants a blog entry. I'll sketch out the design of a fast and scalable multiple-producer multiple-consumer (MPSC) concurrent queue called PTLQueue. The queue has bounded capacity and is implemented via a circular array. Bounded capacity can be a useful property if there's a mismatch between producer rates and consumer rates where an unbounded queue might otherwise result in excessive memory consumption by virtue of the container nodes that -- in some queue implementations -- are used to hold values. A bounded-capacity queue can provide flow control between components. Beware, however, that bounded collections can also result in resource deadlock if abused. The put() and take() operators are partial and wait for the collection to become non-full or non-empty, respectively. Put() and take() do not allocate memory, and are not vulnerable to the ABA pathologies. The PTLQueue algorithm can be implemented equally well in C/C++ and Java. Partial operators are often more convenient than total methods. In many use cases if the preconditions aren't met, there's nothing else useful the thread can do, so it may as well wait via a partial method. An exception is in the case of work-stealing queues where a thief might scan a set of queues from which it could potentially steal. Total methods return ASAP with a success-failure indication. (It's tempting to describe a queue or API as blocking or non-blocking instead of partial or total, but non-blocking is already an overloaded concurrency term. Perhaps waiting/non-waiting or patient/impatient might be better terms). It's also trivial to construct partial operators by busy-waiting via total operators, but such constructs may be less efficient than an operator explicitly and intentionally designed to wait. A PTLQueue instance contains an array of slots, where each slot has volatile Turn and MailBox fields. The array has power-of-two length allowing mod/div operations to be replaced by masking. We assume sensible padding and alignment to reduce the impact of false sharing. (On x86 I recommend 128-byte alignment and padding because of the adjacent-sector prefetch facility). Each queue also has PutCursor and TakeCursor cursor variables, each of which should be sequestered as the sole occupant of a cache line or sector. You can opt to use 64-bit integers if concerned about wrap-around aliasing in the cursor variables. Put(null) is considered illegal, but the caller or implementation can easily check for and convert null to a distinguished non-null proxy value if null happens to be a value you'd like to pass. Take() will accordingly convert the proxy value back to null. An advantage of PTLQueue is that you can use atomic fetch-and-increment for the partial methods. We initialize each slot at index I with (Turn=I, MailBox=null). Both cursors are initially 0. All shared variables are considered "volatile" and atomics such as CAS and AtomicFetchAndIncrement are presumed to have bidirectional fence semantics. Finally T is the templated type. I've sketched out a total tryTake() method below that allows the caller to poll the queue. tryPut() has an analogous construction. Zebra stripping : alternating row colors for nice-looking code listings. See also google code "prettify" : https://code.google.com/p/google-code-prettify/ Prettify is a javascript module that yields the HTML/CSS/JS equivalent of pretty-print. -- pre:nth-child(odd) { background-color:#ff0000; } pre:nth-child(even) { background-color:#0000ff; } border-left: 11px solid #ccc; margin: 1.7em 0 1.7em 0.3em; background-color:#BFB; font-size:12px; line-height:65%; " // PTLQueue : Put(v) : // producer : partial method - waits as necessary assert v != null assert Mask = 1 && (Mask & (Mask+1)) == 0 // Document invariants // doorway step // Obtain a sequence number -- ticket // As a practical concern the ticket value is temporally unique // The ticket also identifies and selects a slot auto tkt = AtomicFetchIncrement (&PutCursor, 1) slot * s = &Slots[tkt & Mask] // waiting phase : // wait for slot's generation to match the tkt value assigned to this put() invocation. // The "generation" is implicitly encoded as the upper bits in the cursor // above those used to specify the index : tkt div (Mask+1) // The generation serves as an epoch number to identify a cohort of threads // accessing disjoint slots while s-Turn != tkt : Pause assert s-MailBox == null s-MailBox = v // deposit and pass message Take() : // consumer : partial method - waits as necessary auto tkt = AtomicFetchIncrement (&TakeCursor,1) slot * s = &Slots[tkt & Mask] // 2-stage waiting : // First wait for turn for our generation // Acquire exclusive "take" access to slot's MailBox field // Then wait for the slot to become occupied while s-Turn != tkt : Pause // Concurrency in this section of code is now reduced to just 1 producer thread // vs 1 consumer thread. // For a given queue and slot, there will be most one Take() operation running // in this section. // Consumer waits for producer to arrive and make slot non-empty // Extract message; clear mailbox; advance Turn indicator // We have an obvious happens-before relation : // Put(m) happens-before corresponding Take() that returns that same "m" for T v = s-MailBox if v != null : s-MailBox = null ST-ST barrier s-Turn = tkt + Mask + 1 // unlock slot to admit next producer and consumer return v Pause tryTake() : // total method - returns ASAP with failure indication for auto tkt = TakeCursor slot * s = &Slots[tkt & Mask] if s-Turn != tkt : return null T v = s-MailBox // presumptive return value if v == null : return null // ratify tkt and v values and commit by advancing cursor if CAS (&TakeCursor, tkt, tkt+1) != tkt : continue s-MailBox = null ST-ST barrier s-Turn = tkt + Mask + 1 return v The basic idea derives from the Partitioned Ticket Lock "PTL" (US20120240126-A1) and the MultiLane Concurrent Bag (US8689237). The latter is essentially a circular ring-buffer where the elements themselves are queues or concurrent collections. You can think of the PTLQueue as a partitioned ticket lock "PTL" augmented to pass values from lock to unlock via the slots. Alternatively, you could conceptualize of PTLQueue as a degenerate MultiLane bag where each slot or "lane" consists of a simple single-word MailBox instead of a general queue. Each lane in PTLQueue also has a private Turn field which acts like the Turn (Grant) variables found in PTL. Turn enforces strict FIFO ordering and restricts concurrency on the slot mailbox field to at most one simultaneous put() and take() operation. PTL uses a single "ticket" variable and per-slot Turn (grant) fields while MultiLane has distinct PutCursor and TakeCursor cursors and abstract per-slot sub-queues. Both PTL and MultiLane advance their cursor and ticket variables with atomic fetch-and-increment. PTLQueue borrows from both PTL and MultiLane and has distinct put and take cursors and per-slot Turn fields. Instead of a per-slot queues, PTLQueue uses a simple single-word MailBox field. PutCursor and TakeCursor act like a pair of ticket locks, conferring "put" and "take" access to a given slot. PutCursor, for instance, assigns an incoming put() request to a slot and serves as a PTL "Ticket" to acquire "put" permission to that slot's MailBox field. To better explain the operation of PTLQueue we deconstruct the operation of put() and take() as follows. Put() first increments PutCursor obtaining a new unique ticket. That ticket value also identifies a slot. Put() next waits for that slot's Turn field to match that ticket value. This is tantamount to using a PTL to acquire "put" permission on the slot's MailBox field. Finally, having obtained exclusive "put" permission on the slot, put() stores the message value into the slot's MailBox. Take() similarly advances TakeCursor, identifying a slot, and then acquires and secures "take" permission on a slot by waiting for Turn. Take() then waits for the slot's MailBox to become non-empty, extracts the message, and clears MailBox. Finally, take() advances the slot's Turn field, which releases both "put" and "take" access to the slot's MailBox. Note the asymmetry : put() acquires "put" access to the slot, but take() releases that lock. At any given time, for a given slot in a PTLQueue, at most one thread has "put" access and at most one thread has "take" access. This restricts concurrency from general MPMC to 1-vs-1. We have 2 ticket locks -- one for put() and one for take() -- each with its own "ticket" variable in the form of the corresponding cursor, but they share a single "Grant" egress variable in the form of the slot's Turn variable. Advancing the PutCursor, for instance, serves two purposes. First, we obtain a unique ticket which identifies a slot. Second, incrementing the cursor is the doorway protocol step to acquire the per-slot mutual exclusion "put" lock. The cursors and operations to increment those cursors serve double-duty : slot-selection and ticket assignment for locking the slot's MailBox field. At any given time a slot MailBox field can be in one of the following states: empty with no pending operations -- neutral state; empty with one or more waiting take() operations pending -- deficit; occupied with no pending operations; occupied with one or more waiting put() operations -- surplus; empty with a pending put() or pending put() and take() operations -- transitional; or occupied with a pending take() or pending put() and take() operations -- transitional. The partial put() and take() operators can be implemented with an atomic fetch-and-increment operation, which may confer a performance advantage over a CAS-based loop. In addition we have independent PutCursor and TakeCursor cursors. Critically, a put() operation modifies PutCursor but does not access the TakeCursor and a take() operation modifies the TakeCursor cursor but does not access the PutCursor. This acts to reduce coherence traffic relative to some other queue designs. It's worth noting that slow threads or obstruction in one slot (or "lane") does not impede or obstruct operations in other slots -- this gives us some degree of obstruction isolation. PTLQueue is not lock-free, however. The implementation above is expressed with polite busy-waiting (Pause) but it's trivial to implement per-slot parking and unparking to deschedule waiting threads. It's also easy to convert the queue to a more general deque by replacing the PutCursor and TakeCursor cursors with Left/Front and Right/Back cursors that can move either direction. Specifically, to push and pop from the "left" side of the deque we would decrement and increment the Left cursor, respectively, and to push and pop from the "right" side of the deque we would increment and decrement the Right cursor, respectively. We used a variation of PTLQueue for message passing in our recent OPODIS 2013 paper. ul { list-style:none; padding-left:0; padding:0; margin:0; margin-left:0; } ul#myTagID { padding: 0px; margin: 0px; list-style:none; margin-left:0;} -- -- There's quite a bit of related literature in this area. I'll call out a few relevant references: Wilson's NYU Courant Institute UltraComputer dissertation from 1988 is classic and the canonical starting point : Operating System Data Structures for Shared-Memory MIMD Machines with Fetch-and-Add. Regarding provenance and priority, I think PTLQueue or queues effectively equivalent to PTLQueue have been independently rediscovered a number of times. See CB-Queue and BNPBV, below, for instance. But Wilson's dissertation anticipates the basic idea and seems to predate all the others. Gottlieb et al : Basic Techniques for the Efficient Coordination of Very Large Numbers of Cooperating Sequential Processors Orozco et al : CB-Queue in Toward high-throughput algorithms on many-core architectures which appeared in TACO 2012. Meneghin et al : BNPVB family in Performance evaluation of inter-thread communication mechanisms on multicore/multithreaded architecture Dmitry Vyukov : bounded MPMC queue (highly recommended) Alex Otenko : US8607249 (highly related). John Mellor-Crummey : Concurrent queues: Practical fetch-and-phi algorithms. Technical Report 229, Department of Computer Science, University of Rochester Thomasson : FIFO Distributed Bakery Algorithm (very similar to PTLQueue). Scott and Scherer : Dual Data Structures I'll propose an optimization left as an exercise for the reader. Say we wanted to reduce memory usage by eliminating inter-slot padding. Such padding is usually "dark" memory and otherwise unused and wasted. But eliminating the padding leaves us at risk of increased false sharing. Furthermore lets say it was usually the case that the PutCursor and TakeCursor were numerically close to each other. (That's true in some use cases). We might still reduce false sharing by incrementing the cursors by some value other than 1 that is not trivially small and is coprime with the number of slots. Alternatively, we might increment the cursor by one and mask as usual, resulting in a logical index. We then use that logical index value to index into a permutation table, yielding an effective index for use in the slot array. The permutation table would be constructed so that nearby logical indices would map to more distant effective indices. (Open question: what should that permutation look like? Possibly some perversion of a Gray code or De Bruijn sequence might be suitable). As an aside, say we need to busy-wait for some condition as follows : "while C == 0 : Pause". Lets say that C is usually non-zero, so we typically don't wait. But when C happens to be 0 we'll have to spin for some period, possibly brief. We can arrange for the code to be more machine-friendly with respect to the branch predictors by transforming the loop into : "if C == 0 : for { Pause; if C != 0 : break; }". Critically, we want to restructure the loop so there's one branch that controls entry and another that controls loop exit. A concern is that your compiler or JIT might be clever enough to transform this back to "while C == 0 : Pause". You can sometimes avoid this by inserting a call to a some type of very cheap "opaque" method that the compiler can't elide or reorder. On Solaris, for instance, you could use :"if C == 0 : { gethrtime(); for { Pause; if C != 0 : break; }}". It's worth noting the obvious duality between locks and queues. If you have strict FIFO lock implementation with local spinning and succession by direct handoff such as MCS or CLH,then you can usually transform that lock into a queue. Hidden commentary and annotations - invisible : * And of course there's a well-known duality between queues and locks, but I'll leave that topic for another blog post. * Compare and contrast : PTLQ vs PTL and MultiLane * Equivalent : Turn; seq; sequence; pos; position; ticket * Put = Lock; Deposit Take = identify and reserve slot; wait; extract & clear; unlock * conceptualize : Distinct PutLock and TakeLock implemented as ticket lock or PTL Distinct arrival cursors but share per-slot "Turn" variable provides exclusive role-based access to slot's mailbox field put() acquires exclusive access to a slot for purposes of "deposit" assigns slot round-robin and then acquires deposit access rights/perms to that slot take() acquires exclusive access to slot for purposes of "withdrawal" assigns slot round-robin and then acquires withdrawal access rights/perms to that slot At any given time, only one thread can have withdrawal access to a slot at any given time, only one thread can have deposit access to a slot Permissible for T1 to have deposit access and T2 to simultaneously have withdrawal access * round-robin for the purposes of; role-based; access mode; access role mailslot; mailbox; allocate/assign/identify slot rights; permission; license; access permission; * PTL/Ticket hybrid Asymmetric usage ; owner oblivious lock-unlock pairing K-exclusion add Grant cursor pass message m from lock to unlock via Slots[] array Cursor performs 2 functions : + PTL ticket + Assigns request to slot in round-robin fashion Deconstruct protocol : explication put() : allocate slot in round-robin fashion acquire PTL for "put" access store message into slot associated with PTL index take() : Acquire PTL for "take" access // doorway step seq = fetchAdd (&Grant, 1) s = &Slots[seq & Mask] // waiting phase while s-Turn != seq : pause Extract : wait for s-mailbox to be full v = s-mailbox s-mailbox = null Release PTL for both "put" and "take" access s-Turn = seq + Mask + 1 * Slot round-robin assignment and lock "doorway" protocol leverage the same cursor and FetchAdd operation on that cursor FetchAdd (&Cursor,1) + round-robin slot assignment and dispersal + PTL/ticket lock "doorway" step waiting phase is via "Turn" field in slot * PTLQueue uses 2 cursors -- put and take. Acquire "put" access to slot via PTL-like lock Acquire "take" access to slot via PTL-like lock 2 locks : put and take -- at most one thread can access slot's mailbox Both locks use same "turn" field Like multilane : 2 cursors : put and take slot is simple 1-capacity mailbox instead of queue Borrow per-slot turn/grant from PTL Provides strict FIFO Lock slot : put-vs-put take-vs-take at most one put accesses slot at any one time at most one put accesses take at any one time reduction to 1-vs-1 instead of N-vs-M concurrency Per slot locks for put/take Release put/take by advancing turn * is instrumental in ... * P-V Semaphore vs lock vs K-exclusion * See also : FastQueues-excerpt.java dice-etc/queue-mpmc-bounded-blocking-circular-xadd/ * PTLQueue is the same as PTLQB - identical * Expedient return; ASAP; prompt; immediately * Lamport's Bakery algorithm : doorway step then waiting phase Threads arriving at doorway obtain a unique ticket number Threads enter in ticket order * In the terminology of Reed and Kanodia a ticket lock corresponds to the busy-wait implementation of a semaphore using an eventcount and a sequencer It can also be thought of as an optimization of Lamport's bakery lock was designed for fault-tolerance rather than performance Instead of spinning on the release counter, processors using a bakery lock repeatedly examine the tickets of their peers --

  Read the article

• Server freezes at XX:25

  - by Karevan

  We've ordered a 50 euro/month server on hetzner.de, it has debian OS. The problem is that server is freezing in random time of the day and nothing appears in log. Only hardware reboot helps. Part of the log file while it was freezing: Aug 17 22:38:26 Debian-60-squeeze-64-minimal pure-ftpd: ([email protected]) [INFO] New connection from 95.211.120.220 Aug 17 22:38:26 Debian-60-squeeze-64-minimal pure-ftpd: ([email protected]) [INFO] Logout. Aug 17 22:39:01 Debian-60-squeeze-64-minimal /USR/SBIN/CRON[22828]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type$ Aug 17 23:09:01 Debian-60-squeeze-64-minimal /USR/SBIN/CRON[22835]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type$ Aug 17 23:17:01 Debian-60-squeeze-64-minimal /USR/SBIN/CRON[22842]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly) Aug 17 23:39:01 Debian-60-squeeze-64-minimal /USR/SBIN/CRON[22847]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type$ Aug 18 09:47:47 Debian-60-squeeze-64-minimal kernel: imklog 4.6.4, log source = /proc/kmsg started. Aug 18 09:47:47 Debian-60-squeeze-64-minimal rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="4.6.4" x-pid="1229" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] (re)start Aug 18 09:47:47 Debian-60-squeeze-64-minimal kernel: [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset Aug 18 09:47:47 Debian-60-squeeze-64-minimal kernel: [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu Aug 18 09:47:47 Debian-60-squeeze-64-minimal kernel: [ 0.000000] Linux version 2.6.32-5-amd64 (Debian 2.6.32-45) ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.3.5 (Debian 4.3.5$ Aug 18 09:47:47 Debian-60-squeeze-64-minimal kernel: [ 0.000000] Command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-amd64 root=/dev/md2 ro As you can see, it appears only the fact of starting. No. theres no way to look in server's console right after when it freezes, sadly. Datacenter supporters do not really want to help about that. Server has been installed 30th july, times and dates of freezes are down there: 6 august, 0:25 18 august, 2:27 21 august, 1:25 26 august, 23:26. We decided that freezing around ??:25 isn't a hardware fault, and decided to reinstall the OS. Later, 31 august, our admin backed up all files, reinstalled Debian, and restored the backup. But then, 7 september, server went down again, at 5:05. We thought it was related to Anyone else experiencing high rates of Linux server crashes during a leap second day? and turned ntp off. But then the server went down twice again, 21 september, 17:29 and 24 september, 20:27. I called all linux admins I knew to help with solving it and they said everything is fine about configuring OS and it could be hardware only. But they dont know why it always freezes at XX:25-30. Maybe some of you know about something related to that?

  Read the article

• PHP MVC error handling, view display and user permissions

  - by cen

  I am building a moderation panel from scratch in a MVC approach and a lot of questions cropped up during development. I would like to hear from others how they handle these situations. Error handling Should you handle an error inside the class method or should the method return something anyway and you handle the error in controller? What about PDO exceptions, how to handle them? For example, let's say we have a method that returns true if the user exists in a table and false if he does not exist. What do you return in the catch statement? You can't just return false because then the controller assumes that everything is alright while the truth is that something must be seriously broken. Displaying the error from the method completely breaks the whole design. Maybe a page redirect inside the method? The proper way to show a view The controller right now looks something like this: include('view/header.php'); if ($_GET['m']=='something') include('view/something.php'); elseif ($_GET['m']=='somethingelse') include('view/somethingelse.php'); include('view/foter.php'); Each view also checks if it was included from the index page to prevent it being accessed directly. There is a view file for each different document body. Is this way of including different views ok or is there a more proper way? Managing user rights Each user has his own rights, what he can see and what he can do. Which part of the system should verify that user has the permission to see the view, controller or view itself? Right now I do permission checks directly in the view because each view can contain several forms that require different permissions and I would need to make a seperate file for each of them if it was put in the controller. I also have to re-check for the permissions everytime a form is submitted because form data can be easily forged. The truth is, all this permission checking and validating the inputs just turns the controller into a huge if/then/else cluster. I feel like 90% of the time I am doing error checks/permissions/validations and very little of the actual logic. Is this normal even for popular frameworks?

  Read the article

• Unable to enable wireless on a Vostro 2520

  - by Joe

  I have a Vostro 2520 and not sure how to enable wireless on my machine. The details are given below, would appreciate any pointers to resolving this issue. lsmod returns Module Size Used by ath9k 132390 0 ath9k_common 14053 1 ath9k ath9k_hw 411151 2 ath9k,ath9k_common ath 24067 3 ath9k,ath9k_common,ath9k_hw b43 365785 0 mac80211 506816 2 ath9k,b43 cfg80211 205544 4 ath9k,ath,b43,mac80211 bcma 26696 1 b43 ssb 52752 1 b43 ndiswrapper 282628 0 ums_realtek 18248 0 usb_storage 49198 1 ums_realtek uas 18180 0 snd_hda_codec_hdmi 32474 1 snd_hda_codec_cirrus 24002 1 joydev 17693 0 parport_pc 32866 0 ppdev 17113 0 rfcomm 47604 0 bnep 18281 2 bluetooth 180104 10 rfcomm,bnep psmouse 97362 0 dell_wmi 12681 0 sparse_keymap 13890 1 dell_wmi snd_hda_intel 33773 3 snd_hda_codec 127706 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_cirrus,snd_hda_intel snd_hwdep 13668 1 snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 97188 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec snd_seq_midi 13324 0 snd_rawmidi 30748 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 61896 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event snd_timer 29990 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq snd_seq_device 14540 3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq wmi 19256 1 dell_wmi snd 78855 16 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_cirrus,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device mac_hid 13253 0 i915 473240 3 drm_kms_helper 46978 1 i915 uvcvideo 72627 0 drm 242038 4 i915,drm_kms_helper videodev 98259 1 uvcvideo soundcore 15091 1 snd dell_laptop 18119 0 dcdbas 14490 1 dell_laptop i2c_algo_bit 13423 1 i915 v4l2_compat_ioctl32 17128 1 videodev snd_page_alloc 18529 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm video 19596 1 i915 serio_raw 13211 0 mei 41616 0 lp 17799 0 parport 46562 3 parport_pc,ppdev,lp r8169 62099 0 sudo lshw -class network *-network UNCLAIMED description: Network controller product: Broadcom Corporation vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:07:00.0 version: 01 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:f7c00000-f7c07fff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:09:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 07 serial: 78:45:c4:a3:aa:65 size: 100Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=full firmware=rtl8168e-3_0.0.4 03/27/12 ip=192.168.1.5 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=100Mbit/s resources: irq:41 ioport:e000(size=256) memory:f0004000-f0004fff memory:f0000000-f0003fff rfkill list all 0: dell-wifi: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: yes Hard blocked: yes 1: dell-bluetooth: Bluetooth Soft blocked: yes Hard blocked: yes Output of lspci > 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge DRAM Controller (rev > 09) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge > Graphics Controller (rev 09) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel > Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB > controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host > Controller #2 (rev 04) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther > Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: > Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) > 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root > Port 4 (rev c4) 00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point > PCI Express Root Port 6 (rev c4) 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel > Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) > 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller > (rev 04) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point 6 > port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel > Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04) 07:00.0 Network > controller: Broadcom Corporation Device 4365 (rev 01) 09:00.0 Ethernet > controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express > Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 07) Output of lspci -v 0:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge DRAM Controller (rev 09) Subsystem: Dell Device 0558 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: agpgart-intel 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Ivy Bridge Graphics Controller (rev 09) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Dell Device 0558 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 43 Memory at f7800000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4M] Memory at e0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] I/O ports at f000 [size=64] Expansion ROM at <unassigned> [disabled] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point MEI Controller #1 (rev 04) Subsystem: Dell Device 0558 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 42 Memory at f7d0a000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: mei Kernel modules: mei 00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 04) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Dell Device 0558 Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16 Memory at f7d08000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Panther Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04) Subsystem: Dell Device 0558 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 44 Memory at f7d00000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev c4) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=04, subordinate=04, sec-latency=0 Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 4 (rev c4) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=07, subordinate=07, sec-latency=0 Memory behind bridge: f7c00000-f7cfffff Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point PCI Express Root Port 6 (rev c4) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=09, subordinate=09, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 0000e000-0000efff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000f0000000-00000000f00fffff Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: pcieport Kernel modules: shpchp 00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 04) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Dell Device 0558 Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 23 Memory at f7d07000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Panther Point LPC Controller (rev 04) Subsystem: Dell Device 0558 Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel modules: iTCO_wdt 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Panther Point 6 port SATA Controller [AHCI mode] (rev 04) (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0]) Subsystem: Dell Device 0558 Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 40 I/O ports at f0b0 [size=8] I/O ports at f0a0 [size=4] I/O ports at f090 [size=8] I/O ports at f080 [size=4] I/O ports at f060 [size=32] Memory at f7d06000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: ahci 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Panther Point SMBus Controller (rev 04) Subsystem: Dell Device 0558 Flags: medium devsel, IRQ 11 Memory at f7d05000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] I/O ports at f040 [size=32] Kernel modules: i2c-i801 07:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation Device 4365 (rev 01) Subsystem: Dell Device 0016 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 10 Memory at f7c00000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=32K] Capabilities: <access denied> 09:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller (rev 07) Subsystem: Dell Device 0558 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 41 I/O ports at e000 [size=256] Memory at f0004000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=4K] Memory at f0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169

  Read the article

• Device Manager - does USB listing look right?

  - by Carl

  I obtained the drivers from the manufacturer for my HT-Link NEC USB 2.0 2-port Cardbus card. When I plugged in the card before I got the drivers, 3 new entries showed up in the Device Manager - two "NEC PCI to USB Open Host Controller" and one "Standard Enhanced PCI to USB Host controller." With the card plugged in, I uninstalled those two drivers. I then removed the card. I copied the new drivers to c:\windows\system32\drivers and the .inf file to c:\windows\inf. I also copied the drivers & inf to a new directory called c:\windows\drivers\ousb2. I reinserted the card. Windows automatically installed the same drivers as before. I selected 'update driver' on the "NEC PCI to USB..." entry and didn't see any other options. I then selected 'have disk' and pointed to c:\windows\drivers\ousb2 and got a message "The specified location does not contain information about your hardware." I then selected 'update driver' on the "Standard Enhanced PCI to USB...," and manually selected "USB 2.0 Enhanced Host Controller" (OWC 4/15/2003 2.1.3.1). Windows then automatically found a USB root hub, and I manually selected "USB 2.0 Root Hub Device" (OWC 4/15/2003 2.1.3.1). Now there are two sections in the Device Manager titled "Universal Serial Bus controllers." I plugged in my external USB hard disk adapter, and "USB Mass Storage Device" was added to the first set. Here's how it looks (w/drivers from the properties): [Universal Serial Bus controllers] Intel(R) 82801DB/DBM USB 2.0 Enhanced Host Controller - 24CD (6/1/2002 5.1.2600.0) Intel(R) 82801DB/DBM USB Universal Host Controller - 24C2 (7/1/2001 5.1.2600.5512) Intel(R) 82801DB/DBM USB Universal Host Controller - 24C4 (7/1/2001 5.1.2600.5512) Intel(R) 82801DB/DBM USB Universal Host Controller - 24C7 (7/1/2001 5.1.2600.5512) NEC PCI to USB Open Host Controller (7/1/2001 5.1.2600.5512) NEC PCI to USB Open Host Controller (7/1/2001 5.1.2600.5512) USB Mass Storage Device USB Root Hub (7/1/2001 5.1.2600.5512) (5 more USB Root Hubs - same driver) [Universal Serial Bus controllers] USB 2.0 Enhanced Host Controller (OWC 4/15/2003 2.1.3.1) USB 2.0 Root Hub Device (OWC 4/15/2003 2.1.3.1) When I unplug the card the two "NEC PCI to USB..." entries in the first set disappear, and the whole second set disappears. (I unplugged the hard disk adapter first...) The hard disk adapter still doesn't work in that Cardbus card with the new drivers. I don't think the above looks right - a second set of USB controllers listed in the Device Manager, and the NEC entries still in the first set, and the the USB mass storage device still in the first set. Any help appreciated. (Windows XP PRO SP3 w/all current updates.)

  Read the article

• open-sshd service withou pam support !! How can I add pam support to sshd? Ubuntu

  - by marc.riera

  Hi, I'm using AD as my user account server with ldap. Most of the servers run with UsePam yes except this one, it has lack of pam support on sshd. root@linserv9:~# ldd /usr/sbin/sshd linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fff621fe000) libutil.so.1 => /lib/libutil.so.1 (0x00007fd759d0b000) libz.so.1 => /usr/lib/libz.so.1 (0x00007fd759af4000) libnsl.so.1 => /lib/libnsl.so.1 (0x00007fd7598db000) libcrypto.so.0.9.8 => /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.8 (0x00007fd75955b000) libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/libcrypt.so.1 (0x00007fd759323000) libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x00007fd758fc1000) libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fd758dbd000) /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fd759f0e000) I have this packages installed root@linserv9:~# dpkg -l|grep -E 'pam|ssh' ii denyhosts 2.6-2.1 an utility to help sys admins thwart ssh hac ii libpam-modules 0.99.7.1-5ubuntu6.1 Pluggable Authentication Modules for PAM ii libpam-runtime 0.99.7.1-5ubuntu6.1 Runtime support for the PAM library ii libpam-ssh 1.91.0-9.2 enable SSO behavior for ssh and pam ii libpam0g 0.99.7.1-5ubuntu6.1 Pluggable Authentication Modules library ii libpam0g-dev 0.99.7.1-5ubuntu6.1 Development files for PAM ii openssh-blacklist 0.1-1ubuntu0.8.04.1 list of blacklisted OpenSSH RSA and DSA keys ii openssh-client 1:4.7p1-8ubuntu1.2 secure shell client, an rlogin/rsh/rcp repla ii openssh-server 1:4.7p1-8ubuntu1.2 secure shell server, an rshd replacement ii quest-openssh 5.2p1_q13-1 Secure shell root@linserv9:~# What I'm doing wrong? thanks. Edit: root@linserv9:~# cat /etc/pam.d/sshd # PAM configuration for the Secure Shell service # Read environment variables from /etc/environment and # /etc/security/pam_env.conf. auth required pam_env.so # [1] # In Debian 4.0 (etch), locale-related environment variables were moved to # /etc/default/locale, so read that as well. auth required pam_env.so envfile=/etc/default/locale # Standard Un*x authentication. @include common-auth # Disallow non-root logins when /etc/nologin exists. account required pam_nologin.so # Uncomment and edit /etc/security/access.conf if you need to set complex # access limits that are hard to express in sshd_config. # account required pam_access.so # Standard Un*x authorization. @include common-account # Standard Un*x session setup and teardown. @include common-session # Print the message of the day upon successful login. session optional pam_motd.so # [1] # Print the status of the user's mailbox upon successful login. session optional pam_mail.so standard noenv # [1] # Set up user limits from /etc/security/limits.conf. session required pam_limits.so # Set up SELinux capabilities (need modified pam) # session required pam_selinux.so multiple # Standard Un*x password updating. @include common-password

  Read the article

• Ubuntu server 12.04 E: Unable to locate package noip2

  - by cesar

  I just Installed Ubuntu server 12.04 and I want to install no-ip I ran as root: sudo apt-get install noip2 and I got this: root@topcat:/var# sudo apt-get install noip2 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done E: Unable to locate package noip2 I also tried with:wget htt://www.no-ip.com/client/linux/noip-duc-linux.tar.gz but I got: wget: unable to resolve host address `www.no-ip.com' Does somebody can help me?, I am new in Ubuntu

  Read the article

• What is a Long Tail Keyword?

  Did you know that a long tail keyword will out convert a root keyword 9 times out of 10. In this article, I will discuss the reasons why the long tail is a better keyword to chase than the more common methods of chasing the root.

  Read the article

• Delete Perl install files?

  - by Bjorn

  I have a VPS that is managed and am mysteriously running out of space, I think I found a few files I can delete. So just double checking it's ok to delete the Perl install files: /root/perl588installer.tar.gz (pretty sure this can go) /root/perl588installer/ (wasn't sure if this can go, I'm thinking it's just used when perl is installed) I rarely install this kind of thing myself but when I do I'm sure you can delete these files. Thanks

  Read the article

• Did I lost my RAID again?

  - by BarsMonster

  Hi! A little history: 2 years ago I was really excited to find out that mdadm is so powerful so it even can reshape arrays so you can start with a smaller array and the grow it as you need. I've bought 3x1Tb drives and made RAID-5. It was fine for a year. Then I bought 2x more, and tried to reshape to RAID-6 out of 5 drives, and due to some mess with superblock versions, lost all content. Had to rebuild it from scratch, but 2Tb of data were gone. Yesterday I bought 2 more drives, and this time I had everything: properly built array, UPS. I've disabled write intent map, added 2 new drives as a spare and run a command to grow array to 7-disk. It started working, but speed was ridiculously slow, ~100kb/sec. AFter processing first 37Mb at such an amasing speed, one of old HDDs fails. I properly shutdown PC and disconnected failed drive. After bootup it appeared it recreated intent map as it was still in mdadm config, so I removed it from config and rebooted again. Now all I see is that all mdadm processes deadlocks, and don't do anything. PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1937 root 20 0 12992 608 444 D 0 0.1 0:00.00 mdadm 2283 root 20 0 12992 852 704 D 0 0.1 0:00.01 mdadm 2287 root 20 0 0 0 0 D 0 0.0 0:00.01 md0_reshape 2288 root 18 -2 12992 820 676 D 0 0.1 0:00.01 mdadm And all I see in mdstat is: $ cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md0 : active raid6 sdb1[1] sdg1[4] sdf1[7] sde1[6] sdd1[0] sdc1[5] 2929683456 blocks super 1.2 level 6, 1024k chunk, algorithm 2 [7/6] [UU_UUUU] [>....................] reshape = 0.0% (37888/976561152) finish=567604147.2min speed=0K/sec I've already tried mdadm 2.6.7, 3.1.4 and 3.2 - nothing helps. Did I lost my data again? Any suggestions how can I make it work? OS is Ubuntu Server 10.04.2... PS. Needless to say that data is unaccessible - I cannot mount /dev/md0 as save the most valuable data. You can see my disappointment - the very specific thing I was excited about failed twice taking 5Tb of my data with it.

  Read the article

• Building NanoBSD inside a jail

  - by ptomli

  I'm trying to setup a jail to enable building a NanoBSD image. It's actually a jail on top of a NanoBSD install. The problem I have is that I'm unable to mount the md device in order to do the 'build image' part. Is it simply not possible to mount an md device inside a jail, or is there some other knob I need to twiddle? On the host /etc/rc.conf.local jail_enable="YES" jail_mount_enable="YES" jail_list="build" jail_set_hostname_allow="NO" jail_build_hostname="build.vm" jail_build_ip="192.168.0.100" jail_build_rootdir="/mnt/zpool0/jails/build/home" jail_build_devfs_enable="YES" jail_build_devfs_ruleset="devfsrules_jail_build" /etc/devfs.rules [devfsrules_jail_build=5] # nothing Inside the jail [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# sysctl security.jail security.jail.param.cpuset.id: 0 security.jail.param.host.hostid: 0 security.jail.param.host.hostuuid: 64 security.jail.param.host.domainname: 256 security.jail.param.host.hostname: 256 security.jail.param.children.max: 0 security.jail.param.children.cur: 0 security.jail.param.enforce_statfs: 0 security.jail.param.securelevel: 0 security.jail.param.path: 1024 security.jail.param.name: 256 security.jail.param.parent: 0 security.jail.param.jid: 0 security.jail.enforce_statfs: 1 security.jail.mount_allowed: 1 security.jail.chflags_allowed: 1 security.jail.allow_raw_sockets: 0 security.jail.sysvipc_allowed: 0 security.jail.socket_unixiproute_only: 1 security.jail.set_hostname_allowed: 0 security.jail.jail_max_af_ips: 255 security.jail.jailed: 1 [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# mdconfig -l md2 md0 md1 md0 and md1 are the ramdisks of the host. bsdlabel looks sensible [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# bsdlabel /dev/md2s1 # /dev/md2s1: 8 partitions: # size offset fstype [fsize bsize bps/cpg] a: 1012016 16 4.2BSD 0 0 0 c: 1012032 0 unused 0 0 # "raw" part, don't edit newfs runs ok [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# newfs -U /dev/md2s1a /dev/md2s1a: 494.1MB (1012016 sectors) block size 16384, fragment size 2048 using 4 cylinder groups of 123.55MB, 7907 blks, 15872 inodes. with soft updates super-block backups (for fsck -b #) at: 160, 253184, 506208, 759232 mount fails [root@build /usr/obj/nanobsd.PROLIANT_MICROSERVER]# mount /dev/md2s1a _.mnt/ mount: /dev/md2s1a : Operation not permitted UPDATE: One of my colleagues pointed out There are some file systems types that can't be securely mounted within a jail no matter what, like UFS, MSDOFS, EXTFS, XFS, REISERFS, NTFS, etc. because the user mounting it has access to raw storage and can corrupt it in a way that it will panic entire system. From http://www.mail-archive.com/[email protected]/msg160389.html So it seems that the standard nanobsd.sh won't run inside a jail while it uses the md device to build the image. One potential solution I'll try is to chroot from the host into the build jail, rather than jexec a shell.

  Read the article

• Handling permissions in a MVP application

  - by Chathuranga

  In a windows forms payroll application employing MVP pattern (for a small scale client) I'm planing user permission handling as follows (permission based) as basically its implementation should be less complicated and straight forward. NOTE : System could be simultaneously used by few users (maximum 3) and the database is at the server side. This is my UserModel. Each user has a list of permissions given for them. class User { string UserID { get; set; } string Name { get; set; } string NIC {get;set;} string Designation { get; set; } string PassWord { get; set; } List <string> PermissionList = new List<string>(); bool status { get; set; } DateTime EnteredDate { get; set; } } When user login to the system it will keep the current user in memory. For example in BankAccountDetailEntering view I control the controller permission as follows. public partial class BankAccountDetailEntering : Form { bool AccountEditable {get; set;} private void BankAccountDetailEntering_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { cmdEditAccount.enabled = false; OnLoadForm (sender, e); // Event fires... If (AccountEditable ) { cmdEditAccount.enabled=true; } } } In this purpose my all relevant presenters (like BankAccountDetailPresenter) should aware of UserModel as well in addition to the corresponding business Model it is presenting to the View. class BankAccountDetailPresenter { BankAccountDetailEntering _View; BankAccount _Model; User _UserModel; DataService _DataService; BankAccountDetailPresenter( BankAccountDetailEntering view, BankAccount model, User userModel, DataService dataService ) { _View=view; _Model = model; _UserModel = userModel; _DataService = dataService; WireUpEvents(); } private void WireUpEvents() { _View.OnLoadForm += new EventHandler(_View_OnLoadForm); } private void _View_OnLoadForm(Object sender, EventArgs e) { foreach(string s in _UserModel.PermissionList) { If( s =="CanEditAccount") { _View.AccountEditable =true; return; } } } public Show() { _View.ShowDialog(); } } So I'm handling the user permissions in the presenter iterating through the list. Should this be performed in the Presenter or View? Any other more promising ways to do this? Thanks.

  Read the article

• Sony VAIO is booting directly into Windows without showing grub

  - by Rohan Dhruva

  I bought a new Sony Vaio S series laptop. It uses Insyde H2O BIOS EFI, and trying to install Linux on it is driving me crazy. root@kubuntu:~# parted /dev/sda print Model: ATA Hitachi HTS72756 (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 640GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 274MB 273MB fat32 EFI system partition hidden 2 274MB 20.8GB 20.6GB ntfs Basic data partition hidden, diag 3 20.8GB 21.1GB 273MB fat32 EFI system partition boot 4 21.1GB 21.3GB 134MB Microsoft reserved partition msftres 5 21.3GB 342GB 320GB ntfs Basic data partition 6 342GB 358GB 16.1GB ext4 Basic data partition 7 358GB 374GB 16.1GB ntfs Basic data partition 8 374GB 640GB 266GB ntfs Basic data partition What is surprising is that there are 2 EFI system partitions on the disk. The sda2 partition is a 20gb recovery partition which loads windows with a basic recovery interface. This is accessible by pressing the "ASSIST" button as opposed to the normal power button. I presume that the sda1 EFI System Partition (ESP) loads into this recovery. The sda3 ESP has more fleshed out entries for Microsoft Windows, which actually goes into Windows 7 (as confirmed by bcdedit.exe on Windows). Ubuntu is installed on sda6, and while installation I chose sda3 as my boot partition. The installer correctly created a sda3/EFI/ubuntu/grubx64.efi application. The real problem: for the life of me, I can't set it to be the default! I tried creating a sda3/startup.nsh which called grubx64.efi, but it didn't help -- on rebooting, the system still boots into windows. I tried using efibootmgr, and that shows as it it worked: root@kubuntu:~# efibootmgr BootCurrent: 0000 BootOrder: 0000,0001 Boot0000* EFI USB Device Boot0001* Windows Boot Manager root@kubuntu:~# efibootmgr --create --gpt --disk /dev/sda --part 3 --write-signature --label "GRUB2" --loader "\\EFI\\ubuntu\\grubx64.efi" BootCurrent: 0000 BootOrder: 0002,0000,0001 Boot0000* EFI USB Device Boot0001* Windows Boot Manager Boot0002* GRUB2 root@kubuntu:~# efibootmgr BootCurrent: 0000 BootOrder: 0002,0000,0001 Boot0000* EFI USB Device Boot0001* Windows Boot Manager Boot0002* GRUB2 However, on rebooting, as you guessed, the machine rebooted directly back into Windows. The only things I can think of are: The sda1 partition is somehow being used Overwrite /EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi and /EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi with grubx64.efi [but this seems really radical]. Can anyone please help me out? Thanks -- any help is greatly appreciated, as this issue is driving me crazy!

  Read the article

• "sudo cd ..." one-liner?

  - by j-g-faustus

  Occasionally I want to cd into a directory where my user does not have permission, so I resort to sudo. The obvious command sudo cd somedir doesn't work: $ sudo mkdir test $ sudo chmod go-rxw test $ ls -l drwx------ 2 root root [...snip...] test $ cd test -bash: cd: test: Permission denied $ sudo cd test sudo: cd: command not found Using sudo su works: $ sudo su # cd test Is it possible to make this into a one-liner? (Not a big deal, just idle curiosity :) The variations I tried didn't work: $ sudo "cd test" sudo: cd: command not found $ sudo -i cd test -bash: line 0: cd: test: No such file or directory $ sudo -s cd test The last one doesn't give an error, but it cd's within a new shell that exits by the end of the line, so it doesn't actually take me anywhere. Can someone enlighten me as to why this happens? Why is sudo cd not found, when for example sudo ls ... works fine?

  Read the article

• xen-create-image does not create inird or initramfs image and domU does not starts with system image

  - by user219372

  I have Fedora 19 as Dom0. To create image I run # xen-create-image --hostname=debian-wheezy --memory=512Mb --dhcp --size=20Gb --swap=512Mb --dir=/xen --arch=amd64 --dist=wheezy After generation finished I start vm and see: # xl create /etc/xen/debian-wheezy.cfg Parsing config from /etc/xen/debian-wheezy.cfg libxl: error: libxl_dom.c:409:libxl__build_pv: xc_dom_ramdisk_file failed: No such file or directory libxl: error: libxl_create.c:919:domcreate_rebuild_done: cannot (re-)build domain: -3 In the /etc/xen/debian-wheezy.cfg i have # # Kernel + memory size # kernel = '/boot/vmlinuz-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64' ramdisk = '/boot/initrd.img-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64' and ls -1 /boot/*201* shows /boot/config-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64 /boot/initramfs-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64.img /boot/System.map-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64 /boot/vmlinuz-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64 Then if I fix ramdisk directive in .cfg file to /boot/initramfs-3.11.2-201.fc19.x86_64.img vm will start but os inside will not boot. In a tail of xl console I get [ OK ] Reached target Basic System. dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: Could not boot. dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: /dev/disk/by-uuid/085883ad-73ca-45cc-8bc5-e6249f869b26 does not exist dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: /dev/fedora/root does not exist dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: /dev/fedora/swap does not exist dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: /dev/mapper/fedora-root does not exist dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: /dev/mapper/fedora-swap does not exist dracut-initqueue[130]: Warning: /dev/xvda2 does not exist Starting Dracut Emergency Shell... Warning: /dev/disk/by-uuid/085883ad-73ca-45cc-8bc5-e6249f869b26 does not exist Warning: /dev/fedora/root does not exist Warning: /dev/fedora/swap does not exist Warning: /dev/mapper/fedora-root does not exist Warning: /dev/mapper/fedora-swap does not exist Warning: /dev/xvda2 does not exist Generating "/run/initramfs/sosreport.txt" Entering emergency mode. Exit the shell to continue. Type "journalctl" to view system logs. You might want to save "/run/initramfs/sosreport.txt" to a USB stick or /boot after mounting them and attach it to a bug report. dracut:/# .img files in /xen/domains/debian-wheezy exists and listed in disk section of debian-wheezy.cfg So what should i do? Update: I've found that xl does not mount images. In debian-wheezy.cfg I have that: root = '/dev/xvda2 ro' disk = [ 'file:/xen/domains/debian-wheezy/disk.img,xvda2,w', 'file:/xen/domains/debian-wheeze/swap.img,xvda1,w', ] And there is no /dev/xvda* or /dev/sda* or /dev/hda* files in VM.

  Read the article

• Ubuntu 12.10 Trackpoint not detected Thinkpad X130e

  - by killerknives

  I just did a fresh install of 12.10 and now only my touchpad works. The trackpoint and Left/Right buttons below the trackpoint do not work. The trackpoint worked fine as of 12.04. I've searched online and there was a hack that said that disabling the touchpad would enable the trackpoint. WRONG! You'll end up having to use the keyboard =/. I don't know what is needed so I'll just dump some stuff. lspci: 00:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 14h Processor Root Complex 00:01.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Wrestler [Radeon HD 6310] 00:01.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Wrestler HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 6250/6310] 00:05.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 14h Processor Root Port 00:06.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 14h Processor Root Port 00:07.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 14h Processor Root Port 00:11.0 SATA controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 SATA Controller [AHCI mode] 00:12.0 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 USB OHCI0 Controller 00:12.2 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 USB EHCI Controller 00:13.0 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 USB OHCI0 Controller 00:13.2 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 USB EHCI Controller 00:14.0 SMBus: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SBx00 SMBus Controller (rev 42) 00:14.2 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA) (rev 40) 00:14.3 ISA bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SB7x0/SB8x0/SB9x0 LPC host controller (rev 40) 00:14.4 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI SBx00 PCI to PCI Bridge (rev 40) 00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 12h/14h Processor Function 0 (rev 43) 00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 12h/14h Processor Function 1 00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 12h/14h Processor Function 2 00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 12h/14h Processor Function 3 00:18.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 12h/14h Processor Function 4 00:18.5 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 12h/14h Processor Function 6 00:18.6 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 12h/14h Processor Function 5 00:18.7 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] Family 12h/14h Processor Function 7 01:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188CE 802.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter (rev 01) 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR8151 v2.0 Gigabit Ethernet (rev c0) I've installged gpointing-device-setting and it only lists the touchpad. No trackpoint. What should I do? What data do you need?

  Read the article

• Changing permissions on serial port

  - by Terrik

  I'm using the Arduino IDE in Ubuntu, and am having issues with the serial port. It has worked in the past, but for reasons that may be unnecesary, I felt the need to change the ownership of some of the files from root ownership to my users ownership. This made the IDE work correctly, but I lost the ability to use the correct serial port. In the dev folder, the port I need is listed as permission 166. Someone (who is no longer in the area to help me) swapped the permissions to 666, which made it all work gloriously. However, it reverted back as soon as I restarted my computer, and if I now try to use the command: sudo chmod 666 ttyACM0 nothing happens. No error messages, but no permission change either. How can I change it, and how can I get it to change permanently. I apologize if this question is overly simplistic or unclear, I'm an ubuntu noob, and I wouldn't begrudge feedback!

  Read the article

• Install Eclipse Juno on 12.04

  - by veepsk

  So I am trying to install eclipse Juno on Ubuntu 12.04. I did all the things instructed in this link But whenever I install any new softwares (Say CDT or Pydev) on eclipse the softwares are gone on opening the eclipse app again.(Have to open eclipse again with root privileges to install all the software) I also ran into many problems with linking the include library for Eclipse CDT. So can anyone help me with Installing Juno in a way that I do not need root access every time I change configurations in Eclipse.

  Read the article

< Previous Page | 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134  | Next Page >