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• multi-dimension array problem in RGSS (RPG Maker XP)

  - by AzDesign

  This is my first day code script in RMXP. I read tutorials, ruby references, etc and I found myself stuck on a weird problem, here is the scenario: I made a custom script to display layered images Create the class, create an instance variable to hold the array, create a simple method to add an element into it, done The draw method (skipped the rest of the code to this part): def draw image = [] index = 0 for i in [email protected] if image.size > 0 index = image.size end image[index] = Sprite.new image[index].bitmap = RPG::Cache.picture(@components[i][0] + '.png') image[index].x = @x + @components[i][1] image[index].y = @y + @components[i][2] image[index].z = @z + @components[i][3] @test =+ 1 end end Create an event that does these script > $layerz = Layerz.new $layerz.configuration[0] = ['root',0,0,1] > $layerz.configuration[1] = ['bark',0,10,2] > $layerz.configuration[2] = ['branch',0,30,3] > $layerz.configuration[3] = ['leaves',0,60,4] $layerz.draw Run, trigger the event and the result : ERROR! Undefined method`[]' for nil:NilClass pointing at this line on draw method : image[index].bitmap = RPG::Cache.picture(@components[i][0] + '.png') THEN, I changed the method like these just for testing: def draw image = [] index = 0 for i in [email protected] if image.size > 0 index = image.size end image[index] = Sprite.new image[index].bitmap = RPG::Cache.picture(@components[0][0] + '.png') image[index].x = @x + @components[0][1] image[index].y = @y + @components[0][2] image[index].z = @z + @components[0][3] @test =+ 1 end I changed the @components[i][0] to @components[0][0] and IT WORKS, but only the root as it not iterates to the next array index Im stuck here, see : > in single level array, @components[0] and @components[i] has no problem > in multi-dimension array, @components[0][0] has no problem BUT > in multi-dimension array, @components[i][0] produce the error as above > mentioned. any suggestion to fix the error ? Or did I wrote something wrong ?

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• Disk errors on tty and syslog/dmesg

  - by Shoaibi

  Recently I have started to get a lot of these errors: Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.554292] ata5: SError: { HostInt 10B8B } Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.559346] sr 4:0:0:0: CDB: Test Unit Ready: 00 00 00 00 00 00 Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.560191] ata5.00: cmd a0/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 tag 0 Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.560231] res 51/20:03:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 Emask 0x40 (internal error) Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.575310] ata5.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.579801] ata5: hard resetting link Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.929320] ata5: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300) Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.941936] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/100 Jun 18 08:57:42 abacus kernel: [ 401.969426] ata5: EH complete Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.527699] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x40 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x80800 action 0x6 Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.527779] ata5.00: irq_stat 0x40000001 Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.527822] ata5: SError: { HostInt 10B8B } Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.527901] sr 4:0:0:0: CDB: Test Unit Ready: 00 00 00 00 00 00 Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.528103] ata5.00: cmd a0/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 tag 0 Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.528142] res 51/20:03:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 Emask 0x40 (internal error) Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.528184] ata5.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.528303] ata5: hard resetting link Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.875894] ata5: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300) Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.888267] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/100 Jun 18 08:57:54 abacus kernel: [ 413.916365] ata5: EH complete Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.537834] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x40 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x80800 action 0x6 Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.545253] ata5.00: irq_stat 0x40000001 Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.549788] ata5: SError: { HostInt 10B8B } Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.554840] sr 4:0:0:0: CDB: Test Unit Ready: 00 00 00 00 00 00 Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.555201] ata5.00: cmd a0/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 tag 0 Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.555242] res 51/20:03:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 Emask 0x40 (internal error) Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.570483] ata5.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.574695] ata5: hard resetting link Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.924954] ata5: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300) Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.936831] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/100 Jun 18 08:57:56 abacus kernel: [ 415.965001] ata5: EH complete Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.529784] ata5.00: exception Emask 0x40 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x80800 action 0x6 Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.529904] ata5.00: irq_stat 0x40000001 Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.530023] ata5: SError: { HostInt 10B8B } Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.530104] sr 4:0:0:0: CDB: Test Unit Ready: 00 00 00 00 00 00 Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.530425] ata5.00: cmd a0/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 tag 0 Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.530466] res 51/20:03:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 Emask 0x40 (internal error) Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.530583] ata5.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.530705] ata5: hard resetting link Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.873218] ata5: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300) Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.885040] ata5.00: configured for UDMA/100 Jun 18 08:58:02 abacus kernel: [ 421.913404] ata5: EH complete Are these critical error messages? What would be the cause and remedy?

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• Macro keeps crashing need to speed it up or rewrite it, excel vba 50,000 lines of data

  - by Joel

  Trying to speed up a macro that runs over 50,000 lines ! I have two ways of performing the same vba macro Sub deleteCommonValue() Dim aRow, bRow As Long Dim colB_MoreFirst, colB_LessFirst, colB_Second, colC_MoreFirst, colC_LessFirst, colC_Second As Integer Dim colD_First, colD_Second As Integer Application.ScreenUpdating = False Application.DisplayStatusBar = False Application.Calculation = xlCalculationManual Application.EnableEvents = False aRow = 2 bRow = 3 colB_MoreFirst = Range("B" & aRow).Value + 0.05 colB_LessFirst = Range("B" & aRow).Value - 0.05 colB_Second = Range("B" & bRow).Value colC_MoreFirst = Range("C" & aRow).Value + 0.05 colC_LessFirst = Range("C" & aRow).Value - 0.05 colC_Second = Range("C" & bRow).Value colD_First = Range("D" & aRow).Value colD_Second = Range("D" & bRow).Value Do If colB_Second <= colB_MoreFirst And colB_Second >= colB_LessFirst Then If colC_Second <= colC_MoreFirst And colC_Second >= colC_LessFirst Then If colD_Second = colD_First Or colD_Second > colD_First Then Range(bRow & ":" & bRow).Delete 'bRow delete, assign new value to bRow colB_Second = Range("B" & bRow).Value colC_Second = Range("C" & bRow).Value colD_Second = Range("D" & bRow).Value '----------------------------------------------------- Else Range(aRow & ":" & aRow).Delete bRow = aRow + 1 'aRow value deleted, assign new value to aRow and bRow colB_MoreFirst = Range("B" & aRow).Value + 0.05 colB_LessFirst = Range("B" & aRow).Value - 0.05 colB_Second = Range("B" & bRow).Value colC_MoreFirst = Range("C" & aRow).Value + 0.05 colC_LessFirst = Range("C" & aRow).Value - 0.05 colC_Second = Range("C" & bRow).Value colD_First = Range("D" & aRow).Value colD_Second = Range("D" & bRow).Value '----------------------------------------------------- End If Else bRow = bRow + 1 'Assign new value to bRow colB_Second = Range("B" & bRow).Value colC_Second = Range("C" & bRow).Value colD_Second = Range("D" & bRow).Value '----------------------------------------------------- End If Else bRow = bRow + 1 'Assign new value to bRow colB_Second = Range("B" & bRow).Value colC_Second = Range("C" & bRow).Value colD_Second = Range("D" & bRow).Value '----------------------------------------------------- End If If IsEmpty(Range("D" & bRow).Value) = True Then aRow = aRow + 1 bRow = aRow + 1 'finish compare aRow, assign new value to aRow and bRow colB_MoreFirst = Range("B" & aRow).Value + 0.05 colB_LessFirst = Range("B" & aRow).Value - 0.05 colB_Second = Range("B" & bRow).Value colC_MoreFirst = Range("C" & aRow).Value + 0.05 colC_LessFirst = Range("C" & aRow).Value - 0.05 colC_Second = Range("C" & bRow).Value colD_First = Range("D" & aRow).Value colD_Second = Range("D" & bRow).Value '----------------------------------------------------- End If Loop Until IsEmpty(Range("D" & aRow).Value) = True Application.ScreenUpdating = False Application.DisplayStatusBar = False Application.Calculation = xlCalculationAutomatic Application.EnableEvents = False End Sub or Sub deleteCommonValue() Dim aRow, bRow As Long Application.ScreenUpdating = False aRow = 2 bRow = 3 Do If Range("B" & bRow).Value <= (Range("B" & aRow).Value + 0.05) _ And Range("B" & bRow).Value >= (Range("B" & aRow).Value - 0.05) Then If Range("C" & bRow).Value <= (Range("C" & aRow).Value + 0.05) _ And Range("C" & bRow).Value >= (Range("C" & aRow).Value - 0.05) Then If Range("D" & bRow).Value = (Range("D" & aRow).Value) _ Or Range("D" & bRow).Value > (Range("D" & aRow).Value) Then Range(bRow & ":" & bRow).Delete Else Range(aRow & ":" & aRow).Delete bRow = aRow + 1 Range("A" & aRow).Select End If Else bRow = bRow + 1 Range("A" & bRow).Select End If Else bRow = bRow + 1 Range("A" & bRow).Select End If If IsEmpty(Range("D" & bRow).Value) = True Then aRow = aRow + 1 bRow = aRow + 1 End If Loop Until IsEmpty(Range("D" & aRow).Value) = True End Sub I dont know if my best option will be to split the rows into multiple sheets?

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• Fastest pathfinding for static node matrix

  - by Sean Martin

  I'm programming a route finding routine in VB.NET for an online game I play, and I'm searching for the fastest route finding algorithm for my map type. The game takes place in space, with thousands of solar systems connected by jump gates. The game devs have provided a DB dump containing a list of every system and the systems it can jump to. The map isn't quite a node tree, since some branches can jump to other branches - more of a matrix. What I need is a fast pathfinding algorithm. I have already implemented an A* routine and a Dijkstra's, both find the best path but are too slow for my purposes - a search that considers about 5000 nodes takes over 20 seconds to compute. A similar program on a website can do the same search in less than a second. This website claims to use D*, which I have looked into. That algorithm seems more appropriate for dynamic maps rather than one that does not change - unless I misunderstand it's premise. So is there something faster I can use for a map that is not your typical tile/polygon base? GBFS? Perhaps a DFS? Or have I likely got some problem with my A* - maybe poorly chosen heuristics or movement cost? Currently my movement cost is the length of the jump (the DB dump has solar system coordinates as well), and the heuristic is a quick euclidean calculation from the node to the goal. In case anyone has some optimizations for my A*, here is the routine that consumes about 60% of my processing time, according to my profiler. The coordinateData table contains a list of every system's coordinates, and neighborNode.distance is the distance of the jump. Private Function findDistance(ByVal startSystem As Integer, ByVal endSystem As Integer) As Integer 'hCount += 1 'If hCount Mod 0 = 0 Then 'Return hCache 'End If 'Initialize variables to be filled Dim x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2 As Integer 'LINQ queries for solar system data Dim systemFromData = From result In jumpDataDB.coordinateDatas Where result.systemId = startSystem Select result.x, result.y, result.z Dim systemToData = From result In jumpDataDB.coordinateDatas Where result.systemId = endSystem Select result.x, result.y, result.z 'LINQ execute 'Fill variables with solar system data for from and to system For Each solarSystem In systemFromData x1 = (solarSystem.x) y1 = (solarSystem.y) z1 = (solarSystem.z) Next For Each solarSystem In systemToData x2 = (solarSystem.x) y2 = (solarSystem.y) z2 = (solarSystem.z) Next Dim x3 = Math.Abs(x1 - x2) Dim y3 = Math.Abs(y1 - y2) Dim z3 = Math.Abs(z1 - z2) 'Calculate distance and round 'Dim distance = Math.Round(Math.Sqrt(Math.Abs((x1 - x2) ^ 2) + Math.Abs((y1 - y2) ^ 2) + Math.Abs((z1 - z2) ^ 2))) Dim distance = firstConstant * Math.Min(secondConstant * (x3 + y3 + z3), Math.Max(x3, Math.Max(y3, z3))) 'Dim distance = Math.Abs(x1 - x2) + Math.Abs(z1 - z2) + Math.Abs(y1 - y2) 'hCache = distance Return distance End Function And the main loop, the other 30% 'Begin search While openList.Count() != 0 'Set current system and move node to closed currentNode = lowestF() move(currentNode.id) For Each neighborNode In neighborNodes If Not onList(neighborNode.toSystem, 0) Then If Not onList(neighborNode.toSystem, 1) Then Dim newNode As New nodeData() newNode.id = neighborNode.toSystem newNode.parent = currentNode.id newNode.g = currentNode.g + neighborNode.distance newNode.h = findDistance(newNode.id, endSystem) newNode.f = newNode.g + newNode.h newNode.security = neighborNode.security openList.Add(newNode) shortOpenList(OLindex) = newNode.id OLindex += 1 Else Dim proposedG As Integer = currentNode.g + neighborNode.distance If proposedG < gValue(neighborNode.toSystem) Then changeParent(neighborNode.toSystem, currentNode.id, proposedG) End If End If End If Next 'Check to see if done If currentNode.id = endSystem Then Exit While End If End While If clarification is needed on my spaghetti code, I'll try to explain.

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• Ubuntu 12.04 + Raid0 + Windows 7 not loading

  - by Douglas

  please someone help me.... (Sorry for my english) Hi, I have a Pc with 2 Hd (1Tb each) on Raid0. I had a Windows 7 64bits working for several months. When I installed the Windows I let a 100Gb partition empty to install Ubuntu someday. I was using Linux on a Virtualbox, but this week I tried to install Ubuntu 12.04 in this 100Gb partition. I used the Ubuntu alternate cd, because the 'normal' cd was giving me trouble with the Raid0. The grub installation always reported a error. After a lot of work I found that I nedded to install grub on partition /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid1 (see Bootinfo below). The Windows installation created a 100Mb boot partition, so I needed to install grub in this partition. Now I have the Ubuntu working 100% ok. The problem is, the Windows is not booting! The windows option is present on the grub menu, but when I choose the windows option there is a black screen and after that the grub is reloaded. My Bootinfo is: Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks in partition 1 for /boot/grub. => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks in partition 1 for /boot/grub. sda1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: Mounting failed: mount: unknown filesystem type '' sda2: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: Mounting failed: mount: unknown filesystem type '' mount: unknown filesystem type '' sda3: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid1: ________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Grub2 (v1.99) Boot sector info: Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the boot sector of isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid1 and looks at sector 3841862992 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos5)/boot/grub on this drive. No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /grldr /bootmgr /Boot/BCD /grldr isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid2: ________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows 7 Boot files: /Windows/System32/winload.exe isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid3: ________________________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid5: ________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/core.img isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid6: ________________________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________ Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 * 2,048 206,847 204,800 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda2 206,848 3,686,402,047 3,686,195,200 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda3 3,686,402,558 3,907,039,743 220,637,186 5 Extended Invalid MBR Signature found. EBR refers to a location outside the hard drive. /dev/sda2 ends after the last sector of /dev/sda /dev/sda3 ends after the last sector of /dev/sda Drive: isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid: 2000.4 GB, 2000404348928 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders, total 3907039744 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid1 * 2,048 206,847 204,800 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid2 206,848 3,686,402,047 3,686,195,200 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid3 3,686,402,558 3,907,039,743 220,637,186 5 Extended /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid5 3,686,402,560 3,881,876,479 195,473,920 83 Linux /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid6 3,881,876,992 3,907,039,743 25,162,752 82 Linux swap / Solaris "blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid1 C89C73D19C73B910 ntfs Reservado pelo Sistema /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid2 6830883A3088116C ntfs /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid5 bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c ext4 /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid6 7a830a3c-88fb-4cba-80dc-f32e08abfd5b swap /dev/sda isw_raid_member /dev/sdb isw_raid_member /dev/sr0 iso9660 Windows7x86x64SK ========================= "ls -R /dev/mapper/" output: ========================= /dev/mapper: control isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid1 isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid2 isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid3 isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid5 isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid6 ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid5 / ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro) /dev/sr0 /media/Windows7x86x64SK iso9660 (ro,nosuid,nodev,uid=1000,gid=1000,iocharset=utf8,mode=0400,dmode=0500,uhelper=udisks) ================= isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid1/grldr embedded menu: ================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ================== isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid5/boot/grub/grub.cfg: ================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0" if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus } insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(/dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid3,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(/dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid3,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=en_US insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=10 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray if background_color 44,0,30; then clear fi ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### function gfxmode { set gfxpayload="$1" if [ "$1" = "keep" ]; then set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7 else set vt_handoff= fi } if [ ${recordfail} != 1 ]; then if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then set linux_gfx_mode=keep else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=keep fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi export linux_gfx_mode if [ "$linux_gfx_mode" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-24-generic-pae' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(/dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid3,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-24-generic-pae root=UUID=bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-24-generic-pae } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-24-generic-pae (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(/dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid3,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c echo 'Loading Linux 3.2.0-24-generic-pae ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-24-generic-pae root=UUID=bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-24-generic-pae } submenu "Previous Linux versions" { menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-23-generic-pae' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(/dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid3,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-23-generic-pae root=UUID=bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-23-generic-pae } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-23-generic-pae (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(/dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid3,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c echo 'Loading Linux 3.2.0-23-generic-pae ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-23-generic-pae root=UUID=bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-23-generic-pae } } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(/dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid3,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(/dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid3,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root bbab868a-ea53-4be3-ba7d-2737fe6cb24c linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober_proxy ### menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid1)" --class windows --class os { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs set root='(sda,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root C89C73D19C73B910 chainloader +1 } ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober_proxy ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ====================== isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid5/etc/fstab: ======================= -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid5 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid6 none swap sw 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ========== isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid5: Location of files loaded by Grub: =========== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) = boot/grub/core.img 1 = boot/grub/grub.cfg 1 = boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-23-generic-pae 2 = boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-24-generic-pae 2 = boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-23-generic-pae 1 = boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-24-generic-pae 1 = initrd.img 2 = initrd.img.old 2 = vmlinuz 1 = vmlinuz.old 1 ======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc: ======================== Unknown BootLoader on sda1 Unknown BootLoader on sda2 Unknown BootLoader on sda3 =============================== StdErr Messages: =============================== xz: (stdin): Compressed data is corrupt xz: (stdin): Compressed data is corrupt hexdump: /dev/sda1: No such file or directory hexdump: /dev/sda1: No such file or directory hexdump: /dev/sda2: No such file or directory hexdump: /dev/sda2: No such file or directory hexdump: /dev/sda3: No such file or directory hexdump: /dev/sda3: No such file or directory xz: (stdin): Compressed data is corrupt awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in How we can see the Windows part at grub is: menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid1)" --class windows --class os { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs set root='(sda,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root C89C73D19C73B910 chainloader +1 } I tried a lot of combinations at the line: set root='(sda,msdos1)' , but no success I tried to change uuid to the /dev/mapper/isw_chjbfeec_DougRaid2 uuid, but the grub reports a error. I dont know what to do now. I really need to boot my windows partition. Someone knows what to do? Thanks........

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• System will not boot without USB thumb drive inserted

  - by agent154

  I've had this issue before when trying out Linux Mint, but I was unable to get any assistance. I was then lead to believe that it was a problem related to Mint, and not grub. I installed Ubuntu 12.04 tonight on a second partition alongside Windows 7. I installed from a USB stick, and everything went peachy until I rebooted without the stick in my tower. It now says: error: no such device: 20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-2dba3c851497 grub rescue > I've verified via ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid that my drive where Ubuntu is installed matches the UUID that supposedly doesn't exist. The UUID of my thumb drive when inserted happens to be 06B3-9C68. There is no mention of my USB drive's UUID anywhere in /boot/grub/grub.cfg I've also tried to re-install GRUB after booting into my system, removing the stick, and running grub-install /dev/sda. It still happens, and I cannot boot without the USB drive inserted into the computer. And what really gets my goat is that the boot order of my system is CDROMHard DriveUSB. It's not even reaching the USB to try to boot from it, so why does it matter that it's not there? Edit: Also, I ran grub-config without the stick in followed by another grub-install. Still no go. FWIW, here's my grub.cfg file: # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0" if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus } insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-d2ba3c851497 if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-d2ba3c851497 set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=en_CA insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=10 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray if background_color 44,0,30; then clear fi ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### function gfxmode { set gfxpayload="$1" if [ "$1" = "keep" ]; then set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7 else set vt_handoff= fi } if [ ${recordfail} != 1 ]; then if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then set linux_gfx_mode=keep else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=keep fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi export linux_gfx_mode if [ "$linux_gfx_mode" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-25-generic-pae' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-d2ba3c851497 linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-25-generic-pae root=UUID=20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-d2ba3c851497 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-25-generic-pae } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-25-generic-pae (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-d2ba3c851497 echo 'Loading Linux 3.2.0-25-generic-pae ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-25-generic-pae root=UUID=20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-d2ba3c851497 ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-25-generic-pae } submenu "Previous Linux versions" { menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-23-generic-pae' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-d2ba3c851497 linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-23-generic-pae root=UUID=20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-d2ba3c851497 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-23-generic-pae } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-23-generic-pae (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-d2ba3c851497 echo 'Loading Linux 3.2.0-23-generic-pae ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-23-generic-pae root=UUID=20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-d2ba3c851497 ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-23-generic-pae } } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-d2ba3c851497 linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 20cec6ca-4024-4237-84c3-d2ba3c851497 linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)" --class windows --class os { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 9014706714705268 chainloader +1 } ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###

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• Weird y offset when using custom frag shader (Cocos2d-x)

  - by Mister Guacamole

  I'm trying to mask a sprite so I wrote a simple fragment shader that renders only the pixels that are not hidden under another texture (the mask). The problem is that it seems my texture has its y-coordinate offset after passing through the shader. This is the init method of the sprite (GroundZone) I want to mask: bool GroundZone::initWithSize(Size size) { // [...] // Setup the mask of the sprite m_mask = RenderTexture::create(textureWidth, textureHeight); m_mask->retain(); m_mask->setKeepMatrix(true); Texture2D *maskTexture = m_mask->getSprite()->getTexture(); maskTexture->setAliasTexParameters(); // Disable linear interpolation on the mask // Load the custom frag shader with a default vert shader as the sprite’s program FileUtils *fileUtils = FileUtils::getInstance(); string vertexSource = ccPositionTextureA8Color_vert; string fragmentSource = fileUtils->getStringFromFile( fileUtils->fullPathForFilename("CustomShader_AlphaMask_frag.fsh")); GLProgram *shader = new GLProgram; shader->initWithByteArrays(vertexSource.c_str(), fragmentSource.c_str()); shader->bindAttribLocation(GLProgram::ATTRIBUTE_NAME_POSITION, GLProgram::VERTEX_ATTRIB_POSITION); shader->bindAttribLocation(GLProgram::ATTRIBUTE_NAME_TEX_COORD, GLProgram::VERTEX_ATTRIB_TEX_COORDS); shader->link(); CHECK_GL_ERROR_DEBUG(); shader->updateUniforms(); CHECK_GL_ERROR_DEBUG(); int maskTexUniformLoc = shader->getUniformLocationForName("u_alphaMaskTexture"); shader->setUniformLocationWith1i(maskTexUniformLoc, 1); this->setShaderProgram(shader); shader->release(); // [...] } These are the custom drawing methods for actually drawing the mask over the sprite: You need to know that m_mask is modified externally by another class, the onDraw() method only render it. void GroundZone::draw(Renderer *renderer, const kmMat4 &transform, bool transformUpdated) { m_renderCommand.init(_globalZOrder); m_renderCommand.func = CC_CALLBACK_0(GroundZone::onDraw, this, transform, transformUpdated); renderer->addCommand(&m_renderCommand); Sprite::draw(renderer, transform, transformUpdated); } void GroundZone::onDraw(const kmMat4 &transform, bool transformUpdated) { GLProgram *shader = this->getShaderProgram(); shader->use(); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_mask->getSprite()->getTexture()->getName()); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); } Below is the method (located in another class, GroundLayer) that modify the mask by drawing a line from point start to point end. Both points are in Cocos2d coordinates (Point (0,0) is down-left). void GroundLayer::drawTunnel(Point start, Point end) { // To dig a line, we need first to get the texture of the zone we will be digging into. Then we get the // relative position of the start and end point in the zone's node space. Finally we use the custom shader to // draw a mask over the existing texture. for (auto it = _children.begin(); it != _children.end(); it++) { GroundZone *zone = static_cast<GroundZone *>(*it); Point nodeStart = zone->convertToNodeSpace(start); Point nodeEnd = zone->convertToNodeSpace(end); // Now that we have our two points converted to node space, it's easy to draw a mask that contains a line // going from the start point to the end point and that is then applied over the current texture. Size groundZoneSize = zone->getContentSize(); RenderTexture *rt = zone->getMask(); rt->begin(); { // Draw a line going from start and going to end in the texture, the line will act as a mask over the // existing texture DrawNode *line = DrawNode::create(); line->retain(); line->drawSegment(nodeStart, nodeEnd, 20, Color4F::RED); line->visit(); } rt->end(); } } Finally, here's the custom shader I wrote. #ifdef GL_ES precision mediump float; #endif varying vec2 v_texCoord; uniform sampler2D u_texture; uniform sampler2D u_alphaMaskTexture; void main() { float maskAlpha = texture2D(u_alphaMaskTexture, v_texCoord).a; float texAlpha = texture2D(u_texture, v_texCoord).a; float blendAlpha = (1.0 - maskAlpha) * texAlpha; // Show only where mask is invisible vec3 texColor = texture2D(u_texture, v_texCoord).rgb; gl_FragColor = vec4(texColor, blendAlpha); return; } I got a problem with the y coordinates. Indeed, it seems that once it has passed through my custom shader, the sprite's texture is not at the right place: Without custom shader (the sprite is the brown thing): With custom shader: What's going on here? Thanks :) EDIT It looks like after passing through the shader when I set the position of the sprite I set it in points, with (0,0) being in the top-right. Indeed, when I do sprite->setPosition(320, 480), the sprite is perfectly placed at the top of the screen.

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• MEB: Taking Incremental Backup using last successful backup

  - by Sagar Jauhari

  Introduction In MySQL Enterprise Backup v3.7.0 (MEB 3.7.0) a new option '–incremental-base' was introduced. Using this option a user can take in incremental backup without specifying the '–start-lsn' option. Description of this option can be found here. Instead of '–start-lsn' the user can provide the location of the last full backup or incremental backup using the 'dir:' prefix. MEB would extract the end LSN of this backup from the mysql.backup_history table as well as the backup_variables.txt file (for verification) to use it as the start LSN of the incremental backup. Because of popular demand, in MEB 3.7.1 the option '-incremental-base' has been extended further. The idea is to allow the user to take an incremental backup as easily as possible using the '–incremental-base' option. With the new option MEB queries the backup_history table for the last successful backup and uses its end LSN as the start LSN for the new incremental backup. It should be noted that the last successful backup is used irrespective of the location of the backup. Details A new prefix 'history:' has been introduced for the –incremental-base option and currently the only permissible value is the string "last_backup". So using the new option an incremental backup can be taken with the following command: $ mysqlbackup --incremental --incremental-backup-dir=/media/mysqlbackup-repo/ --incremental-base=history:last_backup backup When MEB attempts to extract the end LSN of the last successful backup from the mysql.backup_history table, it also scans the corresponding backup destination for the old backup and tries to read the meta files at this backup destination. If a valid backup still exists at the backup destination and the meta files can be read, MEB compares the end LSN found in the mysql.backup_history table with the end LSN found in the backup meta files of the old backup. Assuming that the host MySQL server is alive and mysql.backup_history can be accessed by MEB, the behaviour of MEB with respect to verification of the old end LSN can be summarized as follows: If 'BD' is the backup destination of the last successful backup in mysql.backup_history table and 'BHT' is the mysql.backup_history table if can_read_files_at_BD:     if end_lsn_found_at_BD == end_lsn_of_last_backup_in_BHT:         continue_with_backup()     else         return_with_error() else     continue_with_backup() Advantages Apart from ease of usability an important advantage of this option is that the user can do repeated incremental backups without changing the command line. This is possible using the '–with-timestamp' option along with this new option. For example, the following command $ mysqlbackup --with-timestamp --incremental --incremental-backup-dir=/media/mysqlbackup-repo/ --incremental-base=history:last_backup backup  can be used to perform successive incremental backups in the directory /media/mysqlbackup-repo . Limitations The option '--incremental-base=history:last_backup' should not be used when the user takes different kinds of concurrent backups on the same MySQL server (say different partial backups at multiple locations). should not be used after any temporary or experimental backups performed on the server (which where successful!). needs to be used with precaution since any intermediate successful backup without the –no-connection will be used as the base backup for the next incremental backup.  will give an error in case a valid backup exists at the location of the last successful backup and whose end LSN is different from that of the last successful backup found in the backup_history table. Date: 2012-06-19 HTML generated by org-mode 6.33x in emacs 23

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• Which kind of public sitemap should I build for a search based navigation site

  - by Noam

  I have a search based navigation web-site. Each query has filters as well as sort-by. The search results point to end-pages inside the site. Each of those pages has many outlinks to other end-pages. Currently I have a XML sitemap which directs crawlers to all the end pages. I'm trying to add a silo sitemap directory to improve SEO. Assuming this is the right direction I have a couple of options: end pages sorted alphabetically. Pages by major search filters, and then divide alphabetically. Pages for every filter and cross option between them and the sort-by. Which would you recommend and why? NOTE: I'm not referring to a XML sitemap.

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• Getting codebaseHQ SVN ChangeLog data in your application

  - by saifkhan

  I deploy apps via ClickOnce. After each deployment we have to review the changes made and send out an email to the users with the changes. What I decided now to do is to use CodebaseHQ’s API to access a project’s SVN repository and display the commit notes so some users who download new updates can check what was changed or updated in an app. This saves a heck of a lot of time, especially when your apps are in beta and you are making several changes daily based on feedback. You can read up on their API here Here is a sample on how to access the Repositories API from a windows app Public Sub GetLog() If String.IsNullOrEmpty(_url) Then Exit Sub Dim answer As String = String.Empty Dim myReq As HttpWebRequest = WebRequest.Create(_url) With myReq .Headers.Add("Authorization", String.Format("Basic {0}", Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("username:password")))) .ContentType = "application/xml" .Accept = "application/xml" .Method = "POST" End With Try Using response As HttpWebResponse = myReq.GetResponse() Using sr As New System.IO.StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()) answer = sr.ReadToEnd() Dim doc As XDocument = XDocument.Parse(answer) Dim commits = From commit In doc.Descendants("commit") _ Select Message = commit.Element("message").Value, _ AuthorName = commit.Element("author-name").Value, _ AuthoredDate = DateTime.Parse(commit.Element("authored-at").Value).Date grdLogData.BeginUpdate() grdLogData.DataSource = commits.ToList() grdLogData.EndUpdate() End Using End Using Catch ex As Exception MsgBox(ex.Message) End Try End Sub

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• C++ 'using': Should I use it or should I avoid it?

  - by Mehrdad

  I realize there are subtly different semantics for some of these, because of ADL. In general, though: Which one should I prefer (if any), and why? (Or does it depend on the situation (e.g. inline header vs. implementation?) Also: should I prefer ::std:: over std::? using namespace std; pair<string::const_iterator, string::const_iterator> f(const string &s) { return make_pair(s.begin(), s.end()); } or std::pair<std::string::const_iterator, std::string::const_iterator> f(const std::string &s) { return std::make_pair(s.begin(), s.end()); } or using std::pair; using std::string; pair<string::const_iterator, string::const_iterator> f(const string &s) { return make_pair(s.begin(), s.end()); } or std::pair<std::string::const_iterator, std::string::const_iterator> f(const std::string &s) { using std::make_pair; return make_pair(s.begin(), s.end()); } or std::pair<std::string::const_iterator, std::string::const_iterator> f(const std::string &s) { using namespace std; return make_pair(s.begin(), s.end()); } or something else? (This is assuming I don't have C++11 and auto.)

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• How to determine if you should use full or differential backup?

  - by Peter Larsson

  Or ask yourself, "How much of the database has changed since last backup?". Here is a simple script that will tell you how much (in percent) have changed in the database since last backup. -- Prepare staging table for all DBCC outputs DECLARE @Sample TABLE         (             Col1 VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,             Col2 VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,             Col3 VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,             Col4 VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL,             Col5 VARCHAR(MAX)         )   -- Some intermediate variables for controlling loop DECLARE @FileNum BIGINT = 1,         @PageNum BIGINT = 6,         @SQL VARCHAR(100),         @Error INT,         @DatabaseName SYSNAME = 'Yoda'   -- Loop all files to the very end WHILE 1 = 1     BEGIN         BEGIN TRY             -- Build the SQL string to execute             SET     @SQL = 'DBCC PAGE(' + QUOTENAME(@DatabaseName) + ', ' + CAST(@FileNum AS VARCHAR(50)) + ', '                             + CAST(@PageNum AS VARCHAR(50)) + ', 3) WITH TABLERESULTS'               -- Insert the DBCC output in the staging table             INSERT  @Sample                     (                         Col1,                         Col2,                         Col3,                         Col4                     )             EXEC    (@SQL)               -- DCM pages exists at an interval             SET    @PageNum += 511232         END TRY           BEGIN CATCH             -- If error and first DCM page does not exist, all files are read             IF @PageNum = 6                 BREAK             ELSE                 -- If no more DCM, increase filenum and start over                 SELECT  @FileNum += 1,                         @PageNum = 6         END CATCH     END   -- Delete all records not related to diff information DELETE FROM    @Sample WHERE   Col1 NOT LIKE 'DIFF%'   -- Split the range UPDATE  @Sample SET     Col5 = PARSENAME(REPLACE(Col3, ' - ', '.'), 1),         Col3 = PARSENAME(REPLACE(Col3, ' - ', '.'), 2)   -- Remove last paranthesis UPDATE  @Sample SET     Col3 = RTRIM(REPLACE(Col3, ')', '')),         Col5 = RTRIM(REPLACE(Col5, ')', ''))   -- Remove initial information about filenum UPDATE  @Sample SET     Col3 = SUBSTRING(Col3, CHARINDEX(':', Col3) + 1, 8000),         Col5 = SUBSTRING(Col5, CHARINDEX(':', Col5) + 1, 8000)   -- Prepare data outtake ;WITH cteSource(Changed, [PageCount]) AS (     SELECT      Changed,                 SUM(COALESCE(ToPage, FromPage) - FromPage + 1) AS [PageCount]     FROM        (                     SELECT CAST(Col3 AS INT) AS FromPage,                             CAST(NULLIF(Col5, '') AS INT) AS ToPage,                             LTRIM(Col4) AS Changed                     FROM    @Sample                 ) AS d     GROUP BY    Changed     WITH ROLLUP ) -- Present the final result SELECT  COALESCE(Changed, 'TOTAL PAGES') AS Changed,         [PageCount],         100.E * [PageCount] / SUM(CASE WHEN Changed IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE [PageCount] END) OVER () AS Percentage FROM    cteSource

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• How to ensure custom serverListener events fires before action events

  - by frank.nimphius

  Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} Using JavaScript in ADF Faces you can queue custom events defined by an af:serverListener tag. If the custom event however is queued from an af:clientListener on a command component, then the command component's action and action listener methods fire before the queued custom event. If you have a use case, for example in combination with client side integration of 3rd party technologies like HTML, Applets or similar, then you want to change the order of execution. The way to change the execution order is to invoke the command item action from the client event method that handles the custom event propagated by the af:serverListener tag. The following four steps ensure your successful doing this 1.       Call cancel() on the event object passed to the client JavaScript function invoked by the af:clientListener tag 2.       Call the custom event as an immediate action by setting the last argument in the custom event call to true function invokeCustomEvent(evt){   evt.cancel();          var custEvent = new AdfCustomEvent(                         evt.getSource(),                         "mycustomevent",                                                                                                                    {message:"Hello World"},                         true);    custEvent.queue(); } 3.       When handling the custom event on the server, lookup the command item, for example a button, to queue its action event. This way you simulate a user clicking the button. Use the following code ActionEvent event = new ActionEvent(component); event.setPhaseId(PhaseId.INVOKE_APPLICATION); event.queue(); The component reference needs to be changed with the handle to the command item which action method you want to execute. 4.       If the command component has behavior tags, like af:fileDownloadActionListener, or af:setPropertyListener, defined, then these are also executed when the action event is queued. However, behavior tags, like the file download action listener, may require a full page refresh to be issued to work, in which case the custom event cannot be issued as a partial refresh. File download action tag: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E17904_01/apirefs.1111/e12419/tagdoc/af_fileDownloadActionListener.html " Since file downloads must be processed with an ordinary request - not XMLHttp AJAX requests - this tag forces partialSubmit to be false on the parent component, if it supports that attribute." To issue a custom event as a non-partial submit, the previously shown sample code would need to be changed as shown below function invokeCustomEvent(evt){   evt.cancel();          var custEvent = new AdfCustomEvent(                         evt.getSource(),                         "mycustomevent",                                                                                                                    {message:"Hello World"},                         true);    custEvent.queue(false); } To learn more about custom events and the af:serverListener, please refer to the tag documentation: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E17904_01/apirefs.1111/e12419/tagdoc/af_serverListener.html

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• Using Shader causes triangle to disappear

  - by invisal

  The following is my rendering code. Private Sub GameRender() GL.Clear(ClearBufferMask.ColorBufferBit + ClearBufferMask.DepthBufferBit) GL.ClearColor(Color.SkyBlue) GL.UseProgram(theProgram) GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray) GL.EnableClientState(ArrayCap.ColorArray) GL.BindBuffer(BufferTarget.ArrayBuffer, vertexPositionID) GL.DrawArrays(BeginMode.Triangles, 0, 3) GL.DisableClientState(ArrayCap.ColorArray) GL.DisableClientState(ArrayCap.VertexArray) GlControl1.SwapBuffers() End Sub This is screenshot without GL.UseProgram(theProgram) This is screenshot with GL.UseProgram(theProgram) Here are my shader code that I picked from online tutorial. Vertex Shader #version 330 layout(location = 0) in vec4 position; void main() { gl_Position = position; } Fragment Shader #version 330 out vec4 outputColor; void main() { outputColor = vec4(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); } These are my shader creation code. '' Initialize Shader Dim shaderList(1) As Integer shaderList(0) = CreateShader(ShaderType.VertexShader, strVertexShader) shaderList(1) = CreateShader(ShaderType.FragmentShader, strFragShader) theProgram = CreateProgram(shaderList) GL.DeleteShader(shaderList(0)) GL.DeleteShader(shaderList(1)) Here are my helper functions Private Function CreateShader(ByVal shaderType As ShaderType, ByVal code As String) Dim shader As Integer = GL.CreateShader(shaderType) GL.ShaderSource(shader, code) GL.CompileShader(shader) Dim status As Integer GL.GetShader(shader, ShaderParameter.CompileStatus, status) If status = False Then MsgBox(GL.GetShaderInfoLog(shader)) End If Return shader End Function Private Function CreateProgram(ByVal shaderList() As Integer) As Integer Dim program As Integer = GL.CreateProgram() For i As Integer = 0 To shaderList.Length - 1 GL.AttachShader(program, shaderList(i)) Next GL.LinkProgram(program) Dim status As Integer GL.GetProgram(program, ProgramParameter.LinkStatus, status) If status = False Then MsgBox(GL.GetProgramInfoLog(program)) End If For i As Integer = 0 To shaderList.Length - 1 GL.DetachShader(program, shaderList(i)) Next Return program End Function

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• ASP.NET MVC Cookbook &ndash; public review

  I have recently started writing another book. The topic of this book is ASP.NET MVC. This book differs from my previous book in that rather than working towards building one project from end to end this book will demonstrate specific topics from end to end. It is a recipe book (hence the cookbook name) and will be part of the Packt Publishing cookbook series. An example recipe in this book might be how to consume JSON, creating a master /details page, jquery modal popups, custom ActionResults, etc....Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• Which kind of sitemap directory should I build for a search based navigation site

  - by Noam

  I have a search based navigation web-site. Each query has filters as well as sort-by. The search results point to end-pages inside the site. Each of those pages has many outlinks to other end-pages. Currently I have a XML sitemap which directs crawlers to all the end pages. I'm trying to add a silo sitemap directory to improve SEO. Assuming this is the right direction I have a couple of options: end pages sorted alphabetically. Pages by major search filters, and then divide alphabetically. Pages for every filter and cross option between them and the sort-by. Which would you recommend and why?

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• Determining explosion radius damage - Circle to Rectangle 2D

  - by Paul Renton

  One of the Cocos2D games I am working on has circular explosion effects. These explosion effects need to deal a percentage of their set maximum damage to all game characters (represented by rectangular bounding boxes as the objects in question are tanks) within the explosion radius. So this boils down to circle to rectangle collision and how far away the circle's radius is from the closest rectangle edge. I took a stab at figuring this out last night, but I believe there may be a better way. In particular, I don't know the best way to determine what percentage of damage to apply based on the distance calculated. Note : All tank objects have an anchor point of (0,0) so position is according to bottom left corner of bounding box. Explosion point is the center point of the circular explosion. TankObject * tank = (TankObject*) gameSprite; float distanceFromExplosionCenter; // IMPORTANT :: All GameCharacter have an assumed (0,0) anchor if (explosionPoint.x < tank.position.x) { // Explosion to WEST of tank if (explosionPoint.y <= tank.position.y) { //Explosion SOUTHWEST distanceFromExplosionCenter = ccpDistance(explosionPoint, tank.position); } else if (explosionPoint.y >= (tank.position.y + tank.contentSize.height)) { // Explosion NORTHWEST distanceFromExplosionCenter = ccpDistance(explosionPoint, ccp(tank.position.x, tank.position.y + tank.contentSize.height)); } else { // Exp center's y is between bottom and top corner of rect distanceFromExplosionCenter = tank.position.x - explosionPoint.x; } // end if } else if (explosionPoint.x > (tank.position.x + tank.contentSize.width)) { // Explosion to EAST of tank if (explosionPoint.y <= tank.position.y) { //Explosion SOUTHEAST distanceFromExplosionCenter = ccpDistance(explosionPoint, ccp(tank.position.x + tank.contentSize.width, tank.position.y)); } else if (explosionPoint.y >= (tank.position.y + tank.contentSize.height)) { // Explosion NORTHEAST distanceFromExplosionCenter = ccpDistance(explosionPoint, ccp(tank.position.x + tank.contentSize.width, tank.position.y + tank.contentSize.height)); } else { // Exp center's y is between bottom and top corner of rect distanceFromExplosionCenter = explosionPoint.x - (tank.position.x + tank.contentSize.width); } // end if } else { // Tank is either north or south and is inbetween left and right corner of rect if (explosionPoint.y < tank.position.y) { // Explosion is South distanceFromExplosionCenter = tank.position.y - explosionPoint.y; } else { // Explosion is North distanceFromExplosionCenter = explosionPoint.y - (tank.position.y + tank.contentSize.height); } // end if } // end outer if if (distanceFromExplosionCenter < explosionRadius) { /* Collision :: Smaller distance larger the damage */ int damageToApply; if (self.directHit) { damageToApply = self.explosionMaxDamage + self.directHitBonusDamage; [tank takeDamageAndAdjustHealthBar:damageToApply]; CCLOG(@"Explsoion-> DIRECT HIT with total damage %d", damageToApply); } else { // TODO adjust this... turning out negative for some reason... damageToApply = (1 - (distanceFromExplosionCenter/explosionRadius) * explosionMaxDamage); [tank takeDamageAndAdjustHealthBar:damageToApply]; CCLOG(@"Explosion-> Non direct hit collision with tank"); CCLOG(@"Damage to apply is %d", damageToApply); } // end if } else { CCLOG(@"Explosion-> Explosion distance is larger than explosion radius"); } // end if } // end if Questions: 1) Can this circle to rect collision algorithm be done better? Do I have too many checks? 2) How to calculate the percentage based damage? My current method generates negative numbers occasionally and I don't understand why (Maybe I need more sleep!). But, in my if statement, I ask if distance < explosion radius. When control goes through, distance/radius must be < 1 right? So 1 - that intermediate calculation should not be negative. Appreciate any help/advice!

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• Ubuntu missing from the Grub menu

  - by varevarao

  Recently I've had some audio issues with Ubuntu (using precise), and in the process of trying to resolve that I ran a dist-upgrade. Everything went just fine, and the sound seemed good, until I rebooted my machine for the first time since the dist-upgrade. All I see now in the Grub menu at startup is memtest86+, another memtest variant, and Windows 7. It's not showing any of the linux kernels that Ubuntu is running on. I am attaching my bootinfoscript: Boot Info Script 0.61.full + Boot-Repair extra info [Boot-Info November 20th 2012] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos6)/boot/grub on this drive. sda1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: Dell Utility: FAT16 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sda2: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sda3: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows 7 Boot files: sda4: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: sda5: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: According to the info in the boot sector, sda5 starts at sector 2048. Operating System: Boot files: sda6: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: Grub2 (v1.99-2.00) Boot sector info: Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the boot sector of sda6 and looks at sector 220046240 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos6)/boot/grub on this drive. Operating System: Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/core.img sda7: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 63 273,104 273,042 de Dell Utility /dev/sda2 * 274,432 19,406,847 19,132,416 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda3 19,406,848 218,274,364 198,867,517 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda4 218,275,838 625,139,711 406,863,874 f W95 Extended (LBA) /dev/sda5 328,630,272 625,139,711 296,509,440 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda6 218,275,840 324,030,463 105,754,624 83 Linux /dev/sda7 324,032,512 328,626,175 4,593,664 82 Linux swap / Solaris "blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/loop0 squashfs /dev/sda1 07DA-0512 vfat DellUtility /dev/sda2 8834146034145392 ntfs RECOVERY /dev/sda3 48E2189DE21890F4 ntfs OS /dev/sda5 BC2A44C02A447982 ntfs Varshneya /dev/sda6 34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c ext4 /dev/sda7 dcb9ce9b-799a-4c65-b008-887b01775670 swap /dev/sr0 iso9660 Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS i386 ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/loop0 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime) /dev/sda6 /mnt ext4 (rw) /dev/sr0 /cdrom iso9660 (ro,noatime) =========================== sda6/boot/grub/grub.cfg: =========================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0" if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus } insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos6)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c if loadfont /boot/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos6)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=en_US insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=10 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### function gfxmode { set gfxpayload="${1}" if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7 else set vt_handoff= fi } if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then set linux_gfx_mode=keep else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=keep fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi export linux_gfx_mode if [ "${linux_gfx_mode}" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos6)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos6)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda2)" --class windows --class os { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs set root='(hd0,msdos2)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 8834146034145392 chainloader +1 } ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =============================== sda6/etc/fstab: ================================ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid -o value -s UUID' to print the universally unique identifier # for a device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name # devices that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 # / was on /dev/sda6 during installation UUID=34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c / ext4 errors=remount-ro,user_xattr 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda7 during installation UUID=dcb9ce9b-799a-4c65-b008-887b01775670 none swap sw 0 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =================== sda6: Location of files loaded by Grub: ==================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) 104.851909637 = 112.583880704 boot/grub/core.img 1 121.191410065 = 130.128285696 boot/grub/grub.cfg 1 ======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc: ======================== Unknown BootLoader on sda4 00000000 eb 0f 2a 5d f4 b7 75 f2 e9 56 12 b8 50 b4 79 ec |..*]..u..V..P.y.| 00000010 89 91 ca c3 16 40 31 d0 ae c4 53 3d c7 dd d7 98 |[email protected]=....| 00000020 bd a4 f2 a4 e8 ab fc ea 36 30 1b 34 cf 8a 28 30 |........60.4..(0| 00000030 43 95 6c 31 3e 76 93 58 84 37 99 c3 ae 3a 88 a3 |C.l1>v.X.7...:..| 00000040 c2 a6 36 2a f8 e0 e1 03 91 8d a1 50 cd ad b0 b5 |..6*.......P....| 00000050 ad 69 3a 49 63 1f 4a 33 97 6e 0c 71 bf 7d bd 35 |.i:Ic.J3.n.q.}.5| 00000060 86 c5 17 93 b4 9f e5 af e0 c4 6f f4 6f f9 4b dd |..........o.o.K.| 00000070 14 39 e2 9e b9 36 ca b1 56 5b d9 b1 66 2c 05 b2 |.9...6..V[..f,..| 00000080 5d 5b 99 c0 db e6 81 27 ab c2 e1 55 00 ac 0b 2c |][.....'...U...,| 00000090 24 d3 8e 54 b0 3d ab 58 e4 23 fc 3a 79 93 fb 5e |$..T.=.X.#.:y..^| 000000a0 94 5a 3a c2 16 4e 56 cb 1b 7f 7e b3 4c 38 ca 5b |.Z:..NV...~.L8.[| 000000b0 ca ab c1 2c 2a 64 e7 77 fe 2a ba ee 08 33 b5 9b |...,*d.w.*...3..| 000000c0 d0 c2 b4 a8 fc 73 4f 01 fd 03 61 75 eb 6d 1a 74 |.....sO...au.m.t| 000000d0 5f 79 31 7f ed e6 f5 99 21 36 16 ed 25 d9 6d 2b |_y1.....!6..%.m+| 000000e0 5f f4 42 b8 9d 01 89 10 fe df a4 98 e7 ab ab ea |_.B.............| 000000f0 1d 1c 44 e1 49 d9 19 c9 ab f5 41 eb 4a 32 c2 39 |..D.I.....A.J2.9| 00000100 87 57 f6 f6 f3 b5 4d 17 72 f2 b1 16 19 aa ec 24 |.W....M.r......$| 00000110 39 bd e3 b1 68 b3 b0 7f fa 2a 3a 2e 99 ed db 8a |9...h....*:.....| 00000120 f8 61 b4 ef 9d 7d 85 95 ed ad eb 9e 71 f4 27 d3 |.a...}......q.'.| 00000130 f3 04 8b 8a 69 98 02 72 df e1 f9 83 27 5b 01 4c |....i..r....'[.L| 00000140 d4 9a b9 3b db ca 1e 40 35 db 6f c1 52 c0 7f 27 |...;[email protected]..'| 00000150 8a 1d bc 34 89 24 b6 e3 fd ec a1 2a e5 9e d1 8f |...4.$.....*....| 00000160 77 e0 d5 52 c0 4c c4 38 38 3c 28 19 bf 20 f0 03 |w..R.L.88<(.. ..| 00000170 38 a4 b1 b5 ed 6a b8 f7 a9 7b 65 b1 7b 64 4a 33 |8....j...{e.{dJ3| 00000180 66 1a 60 29 38 1d 5b 52 40 31 de a5 0c 0f cc 6f |f.`)8.[[email protected]| 00000190 dd 31 6d 3d f0 2a 32 85 67 66 ca 4f 02 aa 0d 30 |.1m=.*2.gf.O...0| 000001a0 66 c9 b2 33 c2 4b 8a fa 3c 7b 52 02 00 88 8e cf |f..3.K..<{R.....| 000001b0 67 1e d4 20 49 1d 1a b8 71 ad c2 d4 37 9d 00 fe |g.. I...q...7...| 000001c0 ff ff 07 fe ff ff 02 e0 93 06 00 60 ac 11 00 fe |...........`....| 000001d0 ff ff 05 fe ff ff 01 00 00 00 01 b0 4d 06 00 00 |............M...| 000001e0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 000001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00000200 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION : =================== log of boot-repair 2012-11-24__09h45 =================== boot-repair version : 3.195~ppa2~precise boot-sav version : 3.195~ppa2~precise glade2script version : 3.2.2~ppa45~precise boot-sav-extra version : 3.195~ppa2~precise boot-repair is executed in live-session (Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS, precise, Ubuntu, i686) CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz quiet splash -- =================== os-prober: /dev/sda2:Windows 7 (loader):Windows:chain /dev/sda6:Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS (12.04):Ubuntu:linux =================== blkid: /dev/sda1: SEC_TYPE="msdos" LABEL="DellUtility" UUID="07DA-0512" TYPE="vfat" /dev/sda2: LABEL="RECOVERY" UUID="8834146034145392" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda3: LABEL="OS" UUID="48E2189DE21890F4" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda5: LABEL="Varshneya" UUID="BC2A44C02A447982" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs" /dev/sda6: UUID="34731459-4b0f-46ac-a9bf-cb360a2c947c" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda7: UUID="dcb9ce9b-799a-4c65-b008-887b01775670" TYPE="swap" /dev/sr0: LABEL="Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS i386" TYPE="iso9660" 1 disks with OS, 2 OS : 1 Linux, 0 MacOS, 1 Windows, 0 unknown type OS. Windows not detected by os-prober on sda3. Warning: extended partition does not start at a cylinder boundary. DOS and Linux will interpret the contents differently. =================== /mnt/etc/default/grub : # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. # For full documentation of the options in this file, see: # info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration' GRUB_DEFAULT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480 # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true" # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start #GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1" =================== /mnt/etc/grub.d/ : drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 22 16:15 grub.d total 56 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6743 Sep 12 20:19 00_header -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5522 Sep 12 20:05 05_debian_theme -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7407 Sep 12 20:19 10_linux -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6335 Sep 12 20:19 20_linux_xen -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1588 Sep 24 2010 20_memtest86+ -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7603 Sep 12 20:19 30_os-prober -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 214 Sep 12 20:19 40_custom -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 95 Sep 12 20:19 41_custom -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 483 Sep 12 20:19 README =================== No kernel in /mnt/boot: grub memtest86+.bin memtest86+_multiboot.bin =================== UEFI/Legacy mode: This live-session is not EFI-compatible. SecureBoot maybe enabled. =================== PARTITIONS & DISKS: sda1 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, no-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, not-far, /mnt/boot-sav/sda1. sda2 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, is-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, bootmgr, is-winboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, not-far, /mnt/boot-sav/sda2. sda3 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, is-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, haswinload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, /mnt/boot-sav/sda3. sda5 : sda, not-sepboot, no-grubenv nogrub, no-docgrub, no-update-grub, 32, no-boot, no-os, not--efi--part, part-has-no-fstab, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, nopakmgr, nogrubinstall, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, /mnt/boot-sav/sda5. sda6 : sda, not-sepboot, grubenv-ok grub2, grub-pc, update-grub, 64, no-kernel, is-os, not--efi--part, fstab-without-boot, fstab-without-efi, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, apt-get, grub-install, with--usr, fstab-without-usr, not-sep-usr, standard, farbios, /mnt. sda : not-GPT, BIOSboot-not-needed, has-no-EFIpart, not-usb, has-os, 63 sectors * 512 bytes =================== parted -l: Model: ATA ST9320423AS (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 320GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 32.3kB 140MB 140MB primary fat16 diag 2 141MB 9936MB 9796MB primary ntfs boot 3 9936MB 112GB 102GB primary ntfs 4 112GB 320GB 208GB extended lba 6 112GB 166GB 54.1GB logical ext4 7 166GB 168GB 2352MB logical linux-swap(v1) 5 168GB 320GB 152GB logical ntfs Model: HL-DT-ST DVD+-RW GA31N (scsi) Disk /dev/sr0: 4700MB Sector size (logical/physical): 2048B/2048B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 131kB 2916MB 2916MB primary boot, hidden =================== parted -lm: BYT; /dev/sda:320GB:scsi:512:512:msdos:ATA ST9320423AS; 1:32.3kB:140MB:140MB:fat16::diag; 2:141MB:9936MB:9796MB:ntfs::boot; 3:9936MB:112GB:102GB:ntfs::; 4:112GB:320GB:208GB:::lba; 6:112GB:166GB:54.1GB:ext4::; 7:166GB:168GB:2352MB:linux-swap(v1)::; 5:168GB:320GB:152GB:ntfs::; BYT; /dev/sr0:4700MB:scsi:2048:2048:msdos:HL-DT-ST DVD+-RW GA31N; 1:131kB:2916MB:2916MB:::boot, hidden; =================== mount: /cow on / type overlayfs (rw) proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev) udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620) tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755) /dev/sr0 on /cdrom type iso9660 (ro,noatime) /dev/loop0 on /rofs type squashfs (ro,noatime) none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw) none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw) none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw) tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880) none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /home/ubuntu/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev,user=ubuntu) /dev/sda6 on /mnt type ext4 (rw) /dev on /mnt/dev type none (rw,bind) /proc on /mnt/proc type none (rw,bind) /sys on /mnt/sys type none (rw,bind) /usr on /mnt/usr type none (rw,bind) /dev/sda1 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda1 type vfat (rw) /dev/sda2 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda2 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) /dev/sda3 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda3 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) /dev/sda5 on /mnt/boot-sav/sda5 type fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) =================== ls: /sys/block/sda (filtered): alignment_offset bdi capability dev device discard_alignment events events_async events_poll_msecs ext_range holders inflight power queue range removable ro sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 sda5 sda6 sda7 size slaves stat subsystem trace uevent /sys/block/sr0 (filtered): alignment_offset bdi capability dev device discard_alignment events events_async events_poll_msecs ext_range holders inflight power queue range removable ro size slaves stat subsystem trace uevent /dev (filtered): autofs block bsg btrfs-control bus cdrom cdrw char console core cpu cpu_dma_latency disk dri dvd dvdrw ecryptfs fb0 fd full fuse fw0 hidraw0 hpet input kmsg log mapper mcelog mei mem net network_latency network_throughput null oldmem port ppp psaux ptmx pts random rfkill rtc rtc0 sda sda1 sda2 sda3 sda4 sda5 sda6 sda7 sg0 sg1 shm snapshot snd sr0 stderr stdin stdout uinput urandom usbmon0 usbmon1 usbmon2 v4l vga_arbiter video0 zero ls /dev/mapper: control =================== df -Th: Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /cow overlayfs 1.9G 113M 1.8G 6% / udev devtmpfs 1.9G 12K 1.9G 1% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 777M 872K 776M 1% /run /dev/sr0 iso9660 696M 696M 0 100% /cdrom /dev/loop0 squashfs 667M 667M 0 100% /rofs tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 20K 1.9G 1% /tmp none tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none tmpfs 1.9G 176K 1.9G 1% /run/shm /dev/sda6 ext4 51G 27G 22G 56% /mnt /dev/sda1 vfat 134M 9.1M 125M 7% /mnt/boot-sav/sda1 /dev/sda2 fuseblk 9.2G 5.6G 3.6G 61% /mnt/boot-sav/sda2 /dev/sda3 fuseblk 95G 80G 16G 84% /mnt/boot-sav/sda3 /dev/sda5 fuseblk 142G 130G 12G 92% /mnt/boot-sav/sda5 =================== fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xb8000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 63 273104 136521 de Dell Utility /dev/sda2 * 274432 19406847 9566208 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 19406848 218274364 99433758+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 218275838 625139711 203431937 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda5 328630272 625139711 148254720 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda6 218275840 324030463 52877312 83 Linux /dev/sda7 324032512 328626175 2296832 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition table entries are not in disk order =================== Repair blockers 64bits detected. Please use this software in a 64bits session. (Please use Ubuntu-Secure-Remix-64bits (www.sourceforge.net/p/ubuntu-secured) which contains a 64bits-compatible version of this software.) This will enable this feature. =================== Final advice in case of recommended repair The boot files of [Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS] are far from the start of the disk. Your BIOS may not detect them. You may want to retry after creating a /boot partition (EXT4, >200MB, start of the disk). This can be performed via tools such as gParted. Then select this partition via the [Separate /boot partition:] option of [Boot Repair]. (https://help.ubuntu.com/community/BootPartition) =================== Default settings Recommended-Repair This setting would reinstall the grub2 of sda6 into the MBR of sda, using the following options: kernel-purge Additional repair would be performed: unhide-bootmenu-10s fix-windows-boot =================== Settings chosen by the user Boot-Info This setting will not act on the MBR. No change has been performed on your computer. See you soon! pastebinit packages needed dpkg-preconfigure: unable to re-open stdin: No such file or directory pastebin.com ko (), using paste.ubuntu Please report this message to [email protected] Any help would be great, I'm really missing Ubuntu (hate being stuck in the Windows world).

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• Ubuntu 11.10 doesn't detect external usb hard drive

  - by Andrew

  I have been batting with this issue for a bit and cannot find the answer to it. So the Dmesg see's the device, being Symwave WDC WD64.... media@Media-pc:~$ dmesg | tail -n 20 [78678.719497] scsi 10:0:0:0: Direct-Access Generic- USB3.0 CRW -0 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS [78678.725621] scsi 10:0:0:1: Direct-Access Generic- USB3.0 CRW -1 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS [78684.073837] scsi 11:0:0:0: Direct-Access SYMWAVE WDC WD6400AAKS-0 3B01 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4 [78691.008126] scsi 11:0:0:0: uas_eh_abort_handler tag 0 [78691.008139] scsi 11:0:0:0: uas_eh_device_reset_handler tag 0 [78691.008147] scsi 11:0:0:0: uas_eh_target_reset_handler tag 0 [78691.008154] scsi 11:0:0:0: uas_eh_bus_reset_handler tag 0 [78691.080307] usb 2-2.4: reset high speed USB device number 9 using ehci_hcd [78691.221427] scsi 11:0:0:0: Device offlined - not ready after error recovery [78691.221498] scsi 11:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device [78691.221519] scsi 11:0:0:0: rejecting I/O to offline device [78691.222952] scsi 11:0:0:1: Enclosure SYMWAVE SES 3B01 PQ: 0 ANSI: 4 [78691.223156] scsi 11:0:0:2: uas_sense_old: urb length 26 disagrees with IU sense data length 510, using 18 bytes of sense data [78691.225061] sd 11:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0 [78691.225344] ses 11:0:0:1: Attached Enclosure device [78691.225495] ses 11:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg4 type 13 [78691.226266] sd 10:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg5 type 0 [78691.226653] sd 10:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg6 type 0 [78691.241647] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI removable disk [78691.243832] sd 10:0:0:1: [sde] Attached SCSI removable disk It looks like it attaches sdd and sde. Now when i look in the disk utility it shows "Hard disk Symwave WD6400AAKS-0 device /dev/sdc doesn't show any other info then that, if i format, it says that it cannot open /dev/sdc no device or address error. Underneeth the device it does show two general usb3.0 CRW that are sdd and sde. Now if I do a fdisk -l it doesn't show the device: media@Media-pc:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 80.0 GB, 80026361856 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9729 cylinders, total 156301488 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000247de Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 152176639 76087296 83 Linux /dev/sda2 152178686 156301311 2061313 5 Extended /dev/sda5 152178688 156301311 2061312 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x948fc822 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 63 1953520064 976760001 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT So now I am confused. Any ideas how I get fdisk to see the device?

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• how to save a gtktextbuffer content in file

  - by user1565593

  i tried to save sengtktextbuffer content in a file. my code seens working but i have a problem in file. some characters are unreadable in outfile outfile my code: def on_save_clicked(self, widget, data=None): start = self.textbuffer.get_start_iter() end = self.textbuffer.get_end_iter() this = self.textbuffer.get_text(start, end, False) format = self.textbuffer.register_serialize_tagset(this) data = self.textbuffer.serialize(self.textbuffer, format, start, end) outfile = open("/home/christophe/toto.txt", "w") outfile.write(data) outfile.close() what is wrong in my code? thanks for your help

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• How to keep AST for feature access?

  - by greenoldman

  Consider such code (let's say it is C++) Foo::Bar.get().X How one should keep the AST for this -- as "tree" with root at left Foo(Bar(get(X)), or with root at right (((Foo)Bar)get)X? Or maybe as a flat structure (list)? The first one seems more convenient when resolving names, the second when working with it as expression. I set tag parsing but I am asking from semantic analysis POV really (there is no such tag).

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• Need help with a complex 3d scene (using Ogre and bullet)

  - by Matthias

  In my setup there is a box with a hole on one side, and a freely movable "stick" (or bar, tube). This stick can be inserted/moved through the hole into the box. This hole is exactly as wide as the diameter of the stick. In reality, when you would now hold the end of the stick in your hand and move the hand left/right or up/down, the other end of the stick, which is inside the box, would move into the opposite direction of your hand movement (because the stick is affixed at the pivot point where it is entering the box through the hole). (I hope you understand what I mean so far.) Now I need to simulate such a setup in a 3d program. I have already successfully developed an Ogre3d framework for this application, including bullet. But what I don't know is how I can implement in my program what I have described above. This application must include two more features: The scene camera is attached to the end of the stick that is inserted into the box. So when the user would move the mouse (to control "his" end of the stick outside the box), then the camera attached to the stick would move in the opposite direction, as described above. The stick has some length, and the user can push it further into the box, or pull it closer to him again. That means of course that the max. radius on which the end of the stick inside the box can move depends on how far the stick is pushed into the box. Thus, the more the stick is pushed into the box, the larger the max. radius of this end of the stick with the camera will be. I understand this is maybe quite a complex thing, so I don't expect any real source code here. I already have the Ogre and bullet part as said up and running, as well as a camera attached to the stick. This works fine. What I don't know though is how I can simulate the setup described above. Especially the requirement that the stick is affixed at the position of the hole on the box, where it is inserted into the box. Any ideas how I could approach to implement the described setup?

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• Calling the LWRP from the Exception Handler

  - by Sarah Haskins

  Is it possible to call out to a Provider (LWRP) from a Chef Exception Handler? I think my Provider is out of scope, but I don't know if what I am trying to do is possible? or advisable? Here is my provider code (cookbooks/config/provider/signal.rb): action :failure do Chef::Log.info("Yeah success") end Here is my exception handler code (exception_handler/handlers/exceptionHandler.rb): require 'chef/handler' config_signal "signal" do action :nothing end class Chef class Handler class LogCollector < Chef::Handler notifies :failure, resources(:config_signal => signal) end end end Also, if anyone has a good recommendation for general reading about scope in the context of Chef I'd appreciate it.

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• DTrace Workshop in Wiesbaden

  - by uligraef

  DTrace gibt es ausser in Solaris noch in einer Reihe weiterer Betriebssysteme.Bei dem  FraOSUG Vortrag über DTrace wurde beschlossen noch einen DTrace Workshop zu veranstalten. Details siehe hier: Workshop DTrace Der Termin steht noch nicht genau fest. Wir suchen einen Tag der weder Werktag, Sonntag oder Feiertag ist.Die Anzahl der Anmeldungen bis zum 17. April bestimmt den Tag . Anmeldung via:  DTrace Workshop Doodle

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• What can procs and lambdas do that functions can't in ruby

  - by SecurityGate

  I've been working in Ruby for the last couple weeks, and I've come to the subject of procs, lambdas and blocks. After reading a fair share of examples from a variety of sources, I don't how they're much different from small, specialized functions. It's entirely possible that the examples I've read aren't showing the power behind procs and lambdas. def zero_function(x) x = x.to_s if x.length == 1 return x = "0" + x else return x end end zero_lambda = lambda {|x| x = x.to_s if x.length == 1 return x = "0" + x else return x end } zero_proc = Proc.new {|x| x = x.to_s if x.length == 1 puts x = "0" + x else puts x end } puts zero_function(4) puts zero_lambda.call(3) zero_proc.call(2) This function, proc, and lambda do the exact same thing, just slightly different. Is there any reason to choose one over another?

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