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  • linux process scheduling delayed for long time

    - by Medicine
    I have done strace on my multi-threaded c++ application running on linux after couple hours of running, none of the threads got run, for about 12 seconds. I have seen that the unfinished select system call which is called with a timeout was unfinished before the thread was suspended, reported after it resumed that, it took 11.x seconds for the operation to finish. This is clear indication that the process got starved for a long time. All threads in the process are created with default scheduling policy(SCHED_OTHER) of linux and default priority. There are another 5 similar apps running on the same box which are also heavy I/O bound like this app due to heavy data received on the socket. But most of the time, this app is getting scheduled delay. The other apps are created with same sched policy and priority as this i.e. the defaults. why is only this process gets blocked almost all of the time? Could it be because this process is more I/O intensive as in more busy due to may be higher rates of data? So, the linux dynamic priority adjusting in play here which pushed this process down?

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  • Dynamic DataGrid columns in WPF DataGrid based on the underlying set of data (and their type)

    - by StatsMan
    Hello everyone, I've got kind of a conceptual question. I am in the process of wrapping some statistics classes I wrote into WPF. For that I have two DataGrid(-Views, currently in WinForms). In one DataGrid each row represents a column in the other. There I can set-up different variables (as in mathematical/statistical variables) with fields like "Header", "DataType", "ValidationBehaviour", "DisplayType". There I can also set-up how it should be displayed. Some Columns can automatically be set to ComboBoxColumns, some TextBoxColumns, and so on and so forth. So, now once I've set-up these Columns I can go to the other grid and enter my data. I may, for instance, have generated (in grid 1) one Column called "Annual Gross Salary" with input of numerical values. Another Column called "Education" with "0=NoEducation", "1=College Level", "3=Universitary" etc. These labels are displayed as text in the combobox and my statistics engine behind then selects the respective value (0-3) for calculations (i.e. ordinal, nominal variables). Sooo. In WinForms I could basically generate all the columns by hand in code and then add my data in the respective cells/rows. Now in WPF I thought that must be easy to realise. However, yesterday I got started with ICustomPropertyDescriptor which (maybe I was too thick) didn't give me the results I was looking for. Basically, I just need to be able to dynamically generate columns (and rows) with different Layout, Controls (ComboBox, simple Input, DateTimes) based on the data that I have. But I don't really know how to go about it? So here in summary: DataGrid 1 Purpose is to display columns that have been specified in DataGrid 2 In rows, the user can add any kind of data in the rows below the columns that is allowed as to the columns specifications DataGrid 2 Each row in this grid represents a column in DataGrid 1 Contains fields like Name/Header, DataType, Validation Behaviour, Default Value, Data Formatting, etc. Also contains a function to be able to set-up how it should be displayed. The user can select from, for instance, ComboBoxColumn (and also add the available options), DateTime, normal TextBox, CheckBox etc. After finishing adding a row it will automatically appear as a new column in DataGrid 1 I'd appreciate any kind of pointer into the right direction. Thanks very, very much in advance! :)

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  • Programmatically add an ISAPI extension dll in IIS 7 using ADSI?

    - by fretje
    I apologize beforehand, this is a cross post of this SO question. I thought I'd ask it there first, but apparently it doesn't harvest any answers there. I hope it will get more attention here. When I have an answer somewhere, I'll delete the other one. I'm trying to programmatically add an ISAPI extension dll in IIS using ADSI. This has been working for ages on previous versions of IIS, but it seems to fail on IIS 7. I am using similar code like shown in this question: var web = GetObject("IIS://localhost/W3SVC/1/ROOT/specificVirtualDirectory"); var maps = web.ScriptMaps.toArray(); map[maps.length] = ".aaa,c:\\path\\to\\isapi\\extension.dll,1,GET,POST"; web.ScriptMaps = maps.asDictionary(); web.SetInfo(); After executing that code, I do see an "AboMapperCustom-12345678" entry for that specific dll in the "Handler mappings" of the specific virtual directory in which I added the script map. But when I try to use that extension in a browser, I always get HTTP Error 404.2 Not Found The page you are requesting cannot be served because of the ISAPI and CGI Restriction list settings on the Web server. Even after adding an entry to allow that specific dll in the "ISAPI and CGI restrictions", I keep getting that error. To make it actually work, I first have to undo these steps (encountering the same issue like the OP of the question mentioned above: after deleting the script map entry from the IIS manager GUI, I also have to programmatically delete it using ADSI before it's actually gone from the metabase). And then manually add an entry like this: inetmgr - webserver - website - virtual directory - handler mappings - add script map... path = *.dll, executable = <path to dll>, name = <doesn't matter, but it's mandatory> click "yes" on the question "do you want to allow this ISAPI extension?" When I compare the 2 entries, they are exactly the same, except for the "Entry Type" which seems to be "Inherited" for the programmatically added one and "Local" for the one added manually. The strange thing is, even though it says "Inherited", I don't see it anywhere in IIS on a higher level. Where is it inheriting from? In my code, I do add the script map to the specific virtual directory so it should be "Local" as well. Maybe there is the problem, but I don't know how to add a "Local" Script Map using ADSI. I really would like to keep using the ADSI method, as otherwise I will have to use different methods in our setup when working with IIS 7 or previous versions, and I would like to avoid that. To recap: How can I programmatically add a script map entry and its companion CGI and ISAPI restrictions entry to IIS 7 using ADSI? Anybody who can shed some light on this? Any help appreciated.

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  • How can I run supervisord without using root?

    - by Jason Baker
    I seem to be having trouble figuring out why supervisord won't run as a non-root user. If I start it with the user set to jason (pid 1000), I get the following in the log file: 2010-05-24 08:53:32,143 CRIT Set uid to user 1000 2010-05-24 08:53:32,143 WARN Included extra file "/home/jason/src/tsched/celeryd.conf" during parsing 2010-05-24 08:53:32,189 INFO RPC interface 'supervisor' initialized 2010-05-24 08:53:32,189 WARN cElementTree not installed, using slower XML parser for XML-RPC 2010-05-24 08:53:32,189 CRIT Server 'unix_http_server' running without any HTTP authentication checking 2010-05-24 08:53:32,190 INFO daemonizing the supervisord process 2010-05-24 08:53:32,191 INFO supervisord started with pid 3444 ...then the process dies for some unknown reason. If I start it without sudo (under the user jason), I get similar output: 2010-05-24 08:51:32,859 INFO supervisord started with pid 3306 2010-05-24 08:52:15,761 CRIT Can't drop privilege as nonroot user 2010-05-24 08:52:15,761 WARN Included extra file "/home/jason/src/tsched/celeryd.conf" during parsing 2010-05-24 08:52:15,807 INFO RPC interface 'supervisor' initialized 2010-05-24 08:52:15,807 WARN cElementTree not installed, using slower XML parser for XML-RPC 2010-05-24 08:52:15,807 CRIT Server 'unix_http_server' running without any HTTP authentication checking 2010-05-24 08:52:15,808 INFO daemonizing the supervisord process 2010-05-24 08:52:15,809 INFO supervisord started with pid 3397 ...and it still doesn't run. If it's any help, here's the supervisord.conf file I'm using: [unix_http_server] file=/tmp/supervisor.sock ; path to your socket file [supervisord] logfile=./supervisord.log ; supervisord log file logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; maximum size of logfile before rotation logfile_backups=10 ; number of backed up logfiles loglevel=debug ; info, debug, warn, trace pidfile=./supervisord.pid ; pidfile location nodaemon=false ; run supervisord as a daemon minfds=1024 ; number of startup file descriptors minprocs=200 ; number of process descriptors user=jason ; default user childlogdir=./supervisord/ ; where child log files will live [rpcinterface:supervisor] supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface [supervisorctl] serverurl=unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock ; use unix:// schem for a unix sockets. [include] # Uncomment this line for celeryd for Python files=celeryd.conf # Uncomment this line for celeryd for Django. ;files=django/celeryd.conf ...and here's celeryd.conf: [program:celery] command=bin/celeryd --loglevel=INFO --logfile=./celeryd.log environment=PYTHONPATH='./tsched_worker', JIVA_DB_PLATFORM='oracle', ORACLE_HOME='/usr/lib/oracle/xe/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/server', LD_LIBRARY_PATH='/usr/lib/oracle/xe/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/server/lib', TNS_ADMIN='/home/jason', CELERY_CONFIG_MODULE='tsched_worker.celeryconfig' directory=. user=jason numprocs=1 stdout_logfile=/var/log/celeryd.log stderr_logfile=/var/log/celeryd.log autostart=true autorestart=true startsecs=10 ; Need to wait for currently executing tasks to finish at shutdown. ; Increase this if you have very long running tasks. stopwaitsecs = 600 ; if rabbitmq is supervised, set its priority higher ; so it starts first priority=998 Can anyone help me figure out what's going on?

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  • Windows 7 is shutting down unexpectedly, according to the logs.

    - by dlamblin
    Here's a message from my eventvwr EventLog (Windows Logs System): The previous system shutdown at 11:51:15 AM on ?7/?29/?2009 was unexpected. This is funny because I was wondering why the system shut down while I was playing Civilizations IV full screen. Now I know. It was unexpected. Has anyone encountered and resolved this? A little background: I am running Windows 7 RC inside VMWare Fusion 2 (just updated a few months back) on a MacBook (Bitterly not Pro) aluminum-body. Windows 7 occasionally will shut down. This isn't a quick turn-off, it's a shutdown where all the programs are exited, the system waits until they quit (and Civ4 doesn't prompt me to save), it even installed Windows Updates before restarting. And yes it is restarting right after the shutdown. Because I run a game in full screen mode I do not notice any dialog with a countdown timer or anything like that that might be a warning. As I have iStat on my dashboard widgets I can see about 8 temperature monitors. I have seen the CPU get up to 74C before, but during the shutdown, though it seemed hot to the touch (always is), it read 61C for the CPU, 60C for heatsink A, 50C for heatsink B and in the 30s-40s for the enclosure and harddrives. As I type this now, the temps are actually higher, so I don't think the temperature caused it. I have at least six such events dating first from 5/17 which was a week after installing Windows 7. I did find one information level warning from USER32 in the system log that says: The process C:\Windows\system32\svchost.exe (DLAMBLIN-WIN7) has initiated the restart of computer DLAMBLIN-WIN7 on behalf of user NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM for the following reason: Operating System: Recovery (Planned) Reason Code: 0x80020002 Shutdown Type: restart Comment: And another 15 minutes before that from Windows Update: Restart Required: To complete the installation of the following updates, the computer will be restarted within 15 minutes: - Cumulative Security Update for Internet Explorer 8 for Windows 7 Release Candidate for x64-based Systems (KB972260) Which I think kind of explains it. Though I don't know why restarting after an update would create an error event of "shutdown was unexpected", isn't that pretty odd? Now, how do I set it to never restart after an update unless I click something. Application of solution: As fretje reminded me, there's a couple of configurable settings for this, in windows 7 they're much in the same place as in Windows 2000 SP3 and XP SP1. Running gpedit.msc pops up a window that looks like: Windows 7 has changed the order and added a couple of newer options I've italicized: Do not display 'Install Updates and Shut Down' in Shut Down Windows dialog box Do not adjust default option to 'Install Updates and Shut Down' in Shut Down Windows dialog box Enabling Windows Power Management to automatically wake up the system to install scheduled updates Configure Automatic Updates Specify intranet Microsoft update service location Automatic Updates detection frequency Allow non-administrators to receive update notifications Turn on Software Notifications Allow Automatic Updates immediate installation Turn on recommended updates via Automatic Updates No auto-restart with logged-on users for scheduled Automatic Updates Re-prompt for restart with scheduled installations. Delay Restart for scheduled installations Reschedule Automatic Updates schedule

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  • How to allow local LAN access while connected to Cisco VPN?

    - by Ian Boyd
    How can I maintain local LAN access while connected to Cisco VPN? When connecting using Cisco VPN, the server has to ability to instruct the client to prevent local LAN access. Assuming this server-side option cannot be turned off, how can allow local LAN access while connected with a Cisco VPN client? I used to think it was simply a matter of routes being added that capture LAN traffic with a higher metric, for example: Network Destination Netmask Gateway Interface Metric 10.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.3 10.0.0.3 20 <--Local LAN 10.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.199.1 192.168.199.12 1 <--VPN Link And trying to delete the 10.0.x.x -> 192.168.199.12 route don't have any effect: >route delete 10.0.0.0 >route delete 10.0.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 >route delete 10.0.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 192.168.199.1 >route delete 10.0.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 192.168.199.1 if 192.168.199.12 >route delete 10.0.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0 192.168.199.1 if 0x3 And while it still might simply be a routing issue, attempts to add or delete routes fail. At what level is Cisco VPN client driver doing what in the networking stack that takes overrides a local administrator's ability to administer their machine? The Cisco VPN client cannot be employing magic. It's still software running on my computer. What mechanism is it using to interfere with my machine's network? What happens when an IP/ICMP packet arrives on the network? Where in the networking stack is the packet getting eaten? See also No internet connection with Cisco VPN Cisco VPN Client interrupts connectivity to my LDAP server Cisco VPN stops Windows 7 Browsing How can I prohibit the creation of a route in Windows XP upon connection to Cisco VPN? Rerouting local LAN and Internet traffic when in VPN VPN Client "Allow local LAN Access" Allow Local LAN Access for VPN Clients on the VPN 3000 Concentrator Configuration Example LAN access gone when I connect to VPN Windows XP Documentation: Route Edit: Things I've not yet tried: >route delete 10.0.* Update: Since Cisco has abandoned their old client, in favor of AnyConnect (HTTP SSL based VPN), this question, unsolved, can be left as a relic of history. Going forward, we can try to solve the same problem with their new client.

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  • Slow performance when utilizing Interop.DSOFile to search files by Custom Document Property

    - by Gradatc
    I am new to the world of VB.NET and have been tasked to put together a little program to search a directory of about 2000 Excel spreadsheets and put together a list to display based on the value of a Custom Document Property within that spreadsheet file. Given that I am far from a computer programmer by education or trade, this has been an adventure. I've gotten it to work, the results are fine. The problem is, it takes well over a minute to run. It is being run over a LAN connection. When I run it locally (using a 'test' directory of about 300 files) it executes in about 4 seconds. I'm not sure even what to expect as a reasonable execution speed, so I thought I would ask here. The code is below, if anyone thinks changes there might be of use in speeding things up. Thank you in advance! Private Sub listByPt() Dim di As New IO.DirectoryInfo(dir_loc) Dim aryFiles As IO.FileInfo() = di.GetFiles("*" & ext_to_check) Dim fi As IO.FileInfo Dim dso As DSOFile.OleDocumentProperties Dim sfilename As String Dim sheetInfo As Object Dim sfileCount As String Dim ifilesDone As Integer Dim errorList As New ArrayList() Dim ErrorFile As Object Dim ErrorMessage As String 'Initialize progress bar values ifilesDone = 0 sfileCount = di.GetFiles("*" & ext_to_check).Length Me.lblHighProgress.Text = sfileCount Me.lblLowProgress.Text = 0 With Me.progressMain .Maximum = di.GetFiles("*" & ext_to_check).Length .Minimum = 0 .Value = 0 End With 'Loop through all files in the search directory For Each fi In aryFiles dso = New DSOFile.OleDocumentProperties sfilename = fi.FullName Try dso.Open(sfilename, True) 'grab the PT Initials off of the logsheet Catch excep As Runtime.InteropServices.COMException errorList.Add(sfilename) End Try Try sheetInfo = dso.CustomProperties("PTNameChecker").Value Catch ex As Runtime.InteropServices.COMException sheetInfo = "NONE" End Try 'Check to see if the initials on the log sheet 'match those we are searching for If sheetInfo = lstInitials.SelectedValue Then Dim logsheet As New LogSheet logsheet.PTInitials = sheetInfo logsheet.FileName = sfilename PTFiles.Add(logsheet) End If 'update progress bar Me.progressMain.Increment(1) ifilesDone = ifilesDone + 1 lblLowProgress.Text = ifilesDone dso.Close() Next lstResults.Items.Clear() 'loop through results in the PTFiles list 'add results to the listbox, removing the path info For Each showsheet As LogSheet In PTFiles lstResults.Items.Add(Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(showsheet.FileName)) Next 'build error message to display to user ErrorMessage = "" For Each ErrorFile In errorList ErrorMessage += ErrorFile & vbCrLf Next MsgBox("The following Log Sheets were unable to be checked" _ & vbCrLf & ErrorMessage) PTFiles.Clear() 'empty PTFiles for next use End Sub

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  • D-Link DIR-300 slows down / loses network

    - by basic6
    Hi there, there are 2 buildings (A and B). In bldg A is an open WLAN (which I'm allowed to use btw). In bldg B is a computer that I want to connect to that network. So I flashed an old D-Link DIR-300 AP with DD-WRT, mounted it to the wall (bldg B) near a window, attached a 13 dBi directional antenna (pointing to bldg A) and configured it as AP client in that wireless network. Then there's another AP, connected to the D-Link AP, acting as standard access point, which the computer is connected to. That's basically working so far, but: Every now and then the connection is lost. Not the connection between the computer and the D-Link (I can access the DD-WRT admin page normally) or the connection between the D-Link and the WLAN (in Status - Wireless it says it's still connected to the network), but when I want to access a web page (which only works if I'm connected to the wireless network from bldg A), my Firefox keeps "Looking for" (name resolution) without finding anything. When I reset the D-Link (power off, power on) in this situation, after some moments, everything's working fine again (Internet access). I've no idea why this is happening, but usually it's at most every few weeks (most times when nobody was using the computer, so no traffic). Compared to the connection speed when I connect directly to the WLAN in bldg A (Laptop), the speed in bldg B is rather slow, but I have the impression that this difference is worse in the last few days. A few minutes ago, I got 582 KB/s down and 911 KB/s up in bldg A (directly/laptop) and 84 KB/s down and 9 KB/s up in bldg B. The speed in bldg B used to be way higher (I remember 200 KB/s up) while the actual network speed in bldg A was lower than it is now (close to those 200). I'm aware that the wireless connection between those buildings should slow things down, but I'm wondering why this difference has become that extreme. Thanks for any tips... Update: I currently want to upload a large file (1.5 GB) via FTP (FileZilla). Since that caused the D-Link to disconnect (as described in first post), I took my laptop to bldg A, connected directly to the original WLAN (bypassing my D-Link) and tried the same upload. Guess what - same issue: At some point the connection is dead (at this point I would have reset my D-Link if I was connected to it). Just as the D-Link, my laptop is still connected, but not even name resolution is working ("Looking for..." in Firefox). After reconnecting, it's working again. Maybe my D-Link isn't the problem at all...

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  • formcollection not see me all inputs

    - by sanfra1983
    Hi, I have a View where some input text to be added dynamica using jquery, I mean everything funzona, and when I go to add these inputs and do right button on the browser I'm not seeing the added input. function addPerson () ( current + +; StrToAdd var = '<table id="compo" name="compo"' + current +'> <tr> <td> <label for="firstname"' + current +'"> Name </ label> <input id = 'firstname' + current + '"name =" Componenti.Nome_ "' +" "+ current +" "+ '" size = "29" /> </ td> <td> <label for = "lastname"' current + + '"> Name </ label> <input id="lastname''" name="Componenti.Cognome_"' + + + current + current'" size="29" /> </ td>' StrToAdd + = '<td> <label for="luogonascita"' + current +'"> LuogoNascita </ label> <input id = "luogodinascita' + current + '" name = "Componenti.Luogonascita_"' + "" + current + "" + '"size =" 29 "/> </ td>' StrToAdd + = '<td> <label for="datanascita"' + current +'"> DataNacita </ label> <input id = "dateOfBirth' + current + '" name = "Componenti.datanascita_"' + current + ' "size =" 29 "/> </ td> </ tr> </ table> ' StrToAdd + = '<script type="text/javascript"> jQuery (function ($) {$("# dateOfBirth' + current + '). mask ("' + mask +'")});</ script > '; $ ('# Components'). Append (StrToAdd); ) The problem is that when I pass the data via post in the action, and I go to create the education var valueProvider= formanagrafica.ToValueProvider(); valueProvider I find all the input I have added only one and that therefore there are more than one gives me the values separated by commas. How can I retrieve the values of a line of input text? I hope I explained correctly.

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  • How to Practice Unix Programming in C?

    - by danben
    After five years of professional Java (and to a lesser extent, Python) programming and slowly feeling my CS education slip away, I decided I wanted to broaden my horizons / general usefulness to the world and do something that feels more (to me) like I really have an influence over the machine. I chose to learn C and Unix programming since I feel like that is where many of the most interesting problems are. My end goal is to be able to do this professionally, if for no other reason than the fact that I have to spend 40-50 hours per week on work that pays the bills, so it may as well also be the type of coding I want to get better at. Of course, you don't get hired to do things you haven't dont before, so for now I am ramping up on my own. To this end, I started with K&R, which was a great resource in part due to the exercises spread throughout each chapter. After that I moved on to Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective, followed by ten chapters of Advanced Programming in the Unix Environment. When I am done with this book, I will read Unix Network Programming. What I'm missing in the Stevens books is the lack of programming problems; they mainly document functionality and provide examples, with a few end-of-chapter questions following. I feel that I would benefit much more from being challenged to use the knowledge in each chapter ala K&R. I could write some test program for each function, but this is a less desirable method as (1) I would probably be less motivated than if I were rising to some external challenge, and (2) I will naturally only think to use the function in the ways that have already occurred to me. So, I'd like to get some recommendations on how to practice. Obviously, my first choice would be to find some resource that has Unix programming challenges. I have also considered finding and attempting to contribute to some open source C project, but this is a bit daunting as there would be some overhead in learning to use the software, then learning the codebase. The only open-source C project I can think of that I use regularly is Python, and I'm not sure how easy that would be to get started on. That said, I'm open to all kinds of suggestions as there are likely things I haven't even thought of.

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  • Connecting a 2560x1440 display to a laptop?

    - by tjollans
    Having read Jeff Atwood's blog post on Korean 27" IPS LCDs, I've been wondering to what extent these are useful in a notebook + large display situation. I own a Lenovo Thinkpad Edge E320 with 2nd gen. integrated Intel graphics. According to the spec from Intel, this should support HDMI version 1.4, and, using DisplayPort, resolutions up to 2560x1600. HDMI version 1.4 supports resolutions up to 4096×2160, however, according to c't (German), the HDMI interface used with Intel chips only supports 1920x1200. The same goes for the DVI output - dual-link DVI-D, apparently, is not supported by Intel. It would appear that my laptop cannot digitally drive this kind of resolution. Now what about other laptops? According to the article in c't above, AMD's integrated graphics chips have the same limitation as Intel's. NVIDIA graphics cards, apparently, only offer resolutions up to 1900x1200 over HDMI out of the box, but it's possible, when using Linux at least, to trick the driver into enabling higher resolutions. Is this still true? What's the situation on Windows and OSX? I found no information on whether discrete AMD chips support ultra-high resolutions over HDMI. Owners of laptops with (Mini) DisplayPort / Thunderbolt won't have any issues with displays this large, but if you're planning to go for a display with dual-link DVI-D input only (like the Korean ones), you're going to need an adapter, which will set you back something like €70-€100 (since the protocols are incompatible). The big question mark in this equation is VGA: a lot of laptops have it, and I don't see any reason to think this resolution is not supported by the hardware (an oft-quoted figure appears to be 2048x1536@75Hz, so 2560x1440@60Hz should be possible, right?), but are the drivers likely to cause problems? Perhaps more critically, you'd need a VGA to dual-link DVI-D adapter that converts analog to digital signals. Do these exist? How good are they? How expensive are they? Is there a performance penalty involved? Please correct me if I'm wrong on any points. In summary, what are the requirements on a laptop to drive an external LCD at 2560x1440, in particular one that supports dual-link DVI-D only, and what tools and adapters can be used to lower the bar?

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  • Can someone explain RAID-0 in plain English?

    - by Edward Tanguay
    I've heard about and read about RAID throughout the years and understand it theoretically as a way to help e.g. server PCs reduce the chance of data loss, but now I am buying a new PC which I want to be as fast as possible and have learned that having two drives can considerably increase the perceived performance of your machine. In the question Recommendations for hard drive performance boost, the author says he is going to RAID-0 two 7200 RPM drives together. What does this mean in practical terms for me with Windows 7 installed, e.g. can I buy two drives, go into the device manager and "raid-0 them together"? I am not a network administrator or a hardware guy, I'm just a developer who is going to have a computer store build me a super fast machine next week. I can read the wikipedia page on RAID but it is just way too many trees and not enough forest to help me build a faster PC: RAID-0: "Striped set without parity" or "Striping". Provides improved performance and additional storage but no redundancy or fault tolerance. Because there is no redundancy, this level is not actually a Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks, i.e. not true RAID. However, because of the similarities to RAID (especially the need for a controller to distribute data across multiple disks), simple strip sets are normally referred to as RAID 0. Any disk failure destroys the array, which has greater consequences with more disks in the array (at a minimum, catastrophic data loss is twice as severe compared to single drives without RAID). A single disk failure destroys the entire array because when data is written to a RAID 0 drive, the data is broken into fragments. The number of fragments is dictated by the number of disks in the array. The fragments are written to their respective disks simultaneously on the same sector. This allows smaller sections of the entire chunk of data to be read off the drive in parallel, increasing bandwidth. RAID 0 does not implement error checking so any error is unrecoverable. More disks in the array means higher bandwidth, but greater risk of data loss. So in plain English, how can "RAID-0" help me build a faster Windows-7 PC that I am going to order next week?

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  • MySQL Execution Time Spikes

    - by Brett
    I am having issues with MySQL all of the sudden today. Details: OS: CentOS release 5.7 Server type: Parallels virtuozzo container running on mediatemple DV 4.0 package Average total memory usage: <500mb Total memory usage allowed: 1gb (part of shared pool for emergency only, users are only guaranteed 500mb) Processor: 1ghz Main database sizes with most usage: 275mb & 107mb server stack: nginx 1.0.10, mysql 5.1.54, php 5.3.8 with php-fpm innodb_buffer_pool_size=100M php-fpm max children: 5 Webapps: custom php-based sites, magento & drupal slow query timeout is set to 1 second Steps I completed towards diagnosis: Cannot restart container yet - I will try later tonight when our domestic traffic has dropped Enabled mysql and php-fpm slowlog. Found functions that did DB queries in php-fpm slowlog were taking over 1s to complete at times Found some simple queries in mysql slowlog taking well over 1s to complete that should take less than 1s. Most interesting - execution time seems to spike at times. A query will take .2s a couple times, then one time it will take 8s to run the same query. These results were verified by running raw SQL queries through mysql command line. Top does not reveal anything too interesting Only resource related thing i can see is load averages much higher than normal Up until today, mysql has been fine, there have been no major changes to the db since yesterday. Sometimes things are so bad, I am seeing bad gateway errors after 60s of execution time. Innodb is doing on average 300-1400 reads/sec. Mysql is doing 3-10 queries/sec slow query count in 2 hours uptime is 171 (with slow timeout at 1 second) Tried restarting mysql, nginx, php-fpm multiple times For example: UPDATE `catalogsearch_query` SET `query_text` = 'EW 90', `num_results` = '7532', `popularity` = '99180', `redirect` = NULL, `synonym_for` = NULL, `store_id` = '1', `display_in_terms` = '1', `is_active` = '1', `is_processed` = '1', `updated_at` = '2012-05-08 21:38:31' WHERE (query_id='31'); This query took 17sec to complete one time, rest of the time around .079 sec. But varies, sometimes 1sec, sometimes .004 sec. This is running the same query, over and over with a couple seconds time in between each. Most tables are innodb, and sometimes I noticed the lock time taking 90% of the query execution time, but most of the time lock time is insignificant. Any idea what's going on here?

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  • foreach loop corrupting my array?

    - by WmasterJ
    Explanation I have a multidimensional array that is iterated over to created a categorized view of people with different research interests. The main array look something like this: Array ( ... ['Cell Biology'] => Array(4 elements) ['Molecular'] => Array(6 elements) ['Biology Education'] => Array(14 elements) ['Plant Biology'] => Array(19 elements) <--- Last element in array ) I know that the entire array is intact and correctly structured. The only information that is inside these array is an user id, like so: Array ('Plant Biology') 19 elements ( [0] => 737 [1] => 742 [2] => 748 ... ) My problem is that after i run the main array through a foreach loop the last 'sub-array' gets messed up. By messed up I mean that what you see about instead look like: String (13 characters) 'Plant Biology' This is without doing at all anything inside the loop with to the array that gets corrupted. Any tips to what it might be? PHP Code // ---> Array is OK here echo "<h2>Research divided</h2>"; // Loop areas and list them in 2 columns foreach($research['areas'] as $area => $areaArray) { // ---> Here it is already corrupted $count = count($areaArray); if($count > 0) { echo "<h3>$area</h3><hr/>"; echo "<table class='area_list'><tr>"; // Loop users within areas, divided up in 2 columns for($i=0 ; $i<$count ; $i++) { $uid = $areaArray[$i]; echo "<li>$uid</li>"; } echo "</tr></table>"; } }

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  • RAID 50 24Port Fast Writes Slow Reads - Ubuntu

    - by James
    What is going on here?! I am baffled. serveradmin@FILESERVER:/Volumes/MercuryInternal/test$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/Volumes/MercuryInternal/test/test.fs bs=4096k count=10000 10000+0 records in 10000+0 records out 41943040000 bytes (42 GB) copied, 57.0948 s, 735 MB/s serveradmin@FILESERVER:/Volumes/MercuryInternal/test$ sudo dd if=/Volumes/MercuryInternal/test/test.fs of=/dev/null bs=4096k count=10000 10000+0 records in 10000+0 records out 41943040000 bytes (42 GB) copied, 116.189 s, 361 MB/s OF NOTE: My RAID50 is 3 sets of 8 disks. - This might not be the best config for SPEED. OS: Ubuntu 12.04.1 x64 Hardware Raid: RocketRaid 2782 - 24 Port Controller HardDriveType: Seagate Barracuda ES.2 1TB Drivers: v1.1 Open Source Linux Drivers. So 24 x 1TB drives, partitioned using parted. Filesystem is ext4. I/O scheduler WAS noop but have changed it to deadline with no seemingly performance benefit/cost. serveradmin@FILESERVER:/Volumes/MercuryInternal/test$ sudo gdisk -l /dev/sdb GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.1 Partition table scan: MBR: protective BSD: not present APM: not present GPT: present Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT. Disk /dev/sdb: 41020686336 sectors, 19.1 TiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): 95045EC6-6EAF-4072-9969-AC46A32E38C8 Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 41020686302 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 5062589 sectors (2.4 GiB) Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name 1 2048 41015625727 19.1 TiB 0700 primary To me this should be working fine. I can't think of anything that would be causing this other then fundamental driver errors? I can't seem to get much/if any higher then the 361MB a second, is this hitting the "SATA2" link speed, which it shouldn't given it is a PCIe2.0 card. Or maybe some cacheing quirk - I do have Write Back enabled. Does anyone have any suggestions? Tests for me to perform? Or if you require more information, I am happy to provide it! This is a video fileserver for editing machines, so we have a preference for FAST reads over writes. I was just expected more from RAID 50 and 24 drives together... EDIT: (hdparm results) serveradmin@FILESERVER:/Volumes/MercuryInternal$ sudo hdparm -Tt /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing cached reads: 17458 MB in 2.00 seconds = 8735.50 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 884 MB in 3.00 seconds = 294.32 MB/sec EDIT2: (config details) Also, I am using a RAID block size of 256K. I was told a larger block size is better for larger (in my case large video) files. EDIT3: (Bonnie++ Results. Would love some guidance with this!)

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  • Bash-Scripting - Munin Plugin don't work

    - by FTV Admin
    i have written a munin-plugin to count the http-statuscodes of lighttpd. The script: #!/bin/bash ###################################### # Munin-Script: Lighttpd-Statuscodes # ###################################### ##Config # path to lighttpd access.log LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH="/var/log/lighttpd/access.log" # rows to parse in logfile (higher value incrase time to run plugin. if value to low you may get bad counting) LOG_ROWS="200000" # #munin case $1 in autoconf) # check config AVAILABLE=`ls $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH` if [ "$AVAILABLE" = "$LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH" ]; then echo "yes" else echo "No: "$AVAILABLE echo "Please check your config!" fi exit 0;; config) # graph config cat <<'EOM' graph_title Lighhtpd Statuscodes graph_vlabel http-statuscodes / min graph_category lighttpd 1xx.label 1xx 2xx.label 2xx 3xx.label 3xx 4xx.label 4xx 5xx.label 5xx EOM exit 0;; esac ## calculate AVAILABLE=`ls $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH` if [ "$AVAILABLE" = "$LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH" ]; then TIME_NOW=`date` CODE_1xx="0" CODE_2xx="0" CODE_3xx="0" CODE_4xx="0" CODE_5xx="0" for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do TIME5=`date +%d/%b/%Y:%k:%M --date "$TIME_NOW -"$i"min"` CODE_1xx=$(( $CODE_1xx + `tail -n $LOG_ROWS $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH | grep "$TIME5" | grep 'HTTP/1.1" 1' | grep -c " "` )) CODE_2xx=$(( $CODE_2xx + `tail -n $LOG_ROWS $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH | grep "$TIME5" | grep 'HTTP/1.1" 2' | grep -c " "` )) CODE_3xx=$(( $CODE_3xx + `tail -n $LOG_ROWS $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH | grep "$TIME5" | grep 'HTTP/1.1" 3' | grep -c " "` )) CODE_4xx=$(( $CODE_4xx + `tail -n $LOG_ROWS $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH | grep "$TIME5" | grep 'HTTP/1.1" 4' | grep -c " "` )) CODE_5xx=$(( $CODE_5xx + `tail -n $LOG_ROWS $LIGHTTPD_ACCESS_LOG_PATH | grep "$TIME5" | grep 'HTTP/1.1" 5' | grep -c " "` )) done CODE_1xx=$(( $CODE_1xx / 5 )) CODE_2xx=$(( $CODE_2xx / 5 )) CODE_3xx=$(( $CODE_3xx / 5 )) CODE_4xx=$(( $CODE_4xx / 5 )) CODE_5xx=$(( $CODE_5xx / 5 )) echo "1xx.value "$CODE_1xx echo "2xx.value "$CODE_2xx echo "3xx.value "$CODE_3xx echo "4xx.value "$CODE_4xx echo "5xx.value "$CODE_5xx else echo "1xx.value U" echo "2xx.value U" echo "3xx.value U" echo "4xx.value U" echo "5xx.value U" fi If i run the script on local machine it runs perfectly: root@server1 /etc/munin/plugins # ll lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 45 2011-12-19 15:23 lighttpd_statuscodes -> /usr/share/munin/plugins/lighttpd_statuscodes* root@server1 /etc/munin/plugins # ./lighttpd_statuscodes autoconf yes root@server1 /etc/munin/plugins # ./lighttpd_statuscodes config graph_title Lighhtpd Statuscodes graph_vlabel http-statuscodes / min graph_category lighttpd 1xx.label 1xx 2xx.label 2xx 3xx.label 3xx 4xx.label 4xx 5xx.label 5xx root@server1 /etc/munin/plugins #./lighttpd_statuscodes 1xx.value 0 2xx.value 5834 3xx.value 1892 4xx.value 0 5xx.value 0 But Munin shows no graph: http://s1.directupload.net/images/111219/3psgq3vb.jpg I have tested the Plugin from munin-server via telnet: root@munin-server /etc/munin/plugins/ # telnet 123.123.123.123 4949 Trying 123.123.123.123... Connected to 123.123.123.123. Escape character is '^]'. # munin node at server1.cluster1 fetch lighttpd_statuscodes 1xx.value U 2xx.value U 3xx.value U 4xx.value U 5xx.value U . Connection closed by foreign host. You can see in the script that value = U only printed, when the script can't check the lighttpd's access.log. But why can't script do it, when running via munin, and when running on local machine all is ok? Is there a bug in my bash-script? I have no Idea. Thanks for helping!

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  • XSL - Unknown Error in FF media:content/@url

    - by danit
    I keep getting "Unknow Error occurred" when i try this in my XSLT: <table class="TEDtalks"> <xsl:for-each select="/rss/channel/item"> <tr> <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td> <td> <xsl:value-of select="media:content/@url" /> </td> </tr> </xsl:for-each> </table> The XML <rss> <channel> <item> <title>TEDTalks : Karen Armstrong: Let's revive the Golden Rule - Karen Armstrong (2009)</title> <itunes:author>Karen Armstrong</itunes:author> <description>Weeks from the Charter for Compassion launch, Karen Armstrong looks at religion's role in the 21st century: Will its dogmas divide us? Or will it unite us for common good? She reviews the catalysts that can drive the world's faiths to rediscover the Golden Rule.&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/TEDTalks_video/~4/th6FBgvV22o" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description> <itunes:subtitle>Karen Armstrong: Let's revive the Golden Rule</itunes:subtitle> <itunes:summary><![CDATA[Weeks from the Charter for Compassion launch, Karen Armstrong looks at religion's role in the 21st century: Will its dogmas divide us? Or will it unite us for common good? She reviews the catalysts that can drive the world's faiths to rediscover the Golden Rule.]]></itunes:summary> <link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TEDTalks_video/~3/th6FBgvV22o/647</link> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://video.ted.com/talks/podcast/KarenArmstrong_2009G.mp4</guid> <pubDate>Tue, 29 Sep 2009 12:46:00 -0500</pubDate> <category>Higher Education</category> <itunes:explicit>no</itunes:explicit> <itunes:duration>00:09:54</itunes:duration> <itunes:keywords>TED</itunes:keywords> <media:content url="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/TEDTalks_video/~5/XT8k_DqlzGc/KarenArmstrong_2009G.mp4" fileSize="33726021" type="video/mp4" />

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  • Reading Source Code Aloud

    - by Jon Purdy
    After seeing this question, I got to thinking about the various challenges that blind programmers face, and how some of them are applicable even to sighted programmers. Particularly, the problem of reading source code aloud gives me pause. I have been programming for most of my life, and I frequently tutor fellow students in programming, most often in C++ or Java. It is uniquely aggravating to try to verbally convey the essential syntax of a C++ expression. The speaker must give either an idiomatic translation into English, or a full specification of the code in verbal longhand, using explicit yet slow terms such as "opening parenthesis", "bitwise and", et cetera. Neither of these solutions is optimal. On the one hand, an idiomatic translation is only useful to a programmer who can de-translate back into the relevant programming code—which is not usually the case when tutoring a student. In turn, education (or simply getting someone up to speed on a project) is the most common situation in which source is read aloud, and there is a very small margin for error. On the other hand, a literal specification is aggravatingly slow. It takes far far longer to say "pound, include, left angle bracket, iostream, right angle bracket, newline" than it does to simply type #include <iostream>. Indeed, most experienced C++ programmers would read this merely as "include iostream", but again, inexperienced programmers abound and literal specifications are sometimes necessary. So I've had an idea for a potential solution to this problem. In C++, there is a finite set of keywords—63—and operators—54, discounting named operators and treating compound assignment operators and prefix versus postfix auto-increment and decrement as distinct. There are just a few types of literal, a similar number of grouping symbols, and the semicolon. Unless I'm utterly mistaken, that's about it. So would it not then be feasible to simply ascribe a concise, unique pronunciation to each of these distinct concepts (including one for whitespace, where it is required) and go from there? Programming languages are far more regular than natural languages, so the pronunciation could be standardised. Speakers of any language would be able to verbally convey C++ code, and due to the regularity and fixity of the language, speech-to-text software could be optimised to accept C++ speech with a high degree of accuracy. So my question is twofold: first, is my solution feasible; and second, does anyone else have other potential solutions? I intend to take suggestions from here and use them to produce a formal paper with an example implementation of my solution.

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  • Planning trunk capacity for multiple GbE switches

    - by wuckachucka
    Without measuring throughput (it's at the top of the list; this is just theoretical), I want to know the most standard method for trunking VLANs on multiple Gigabit (GbE) switches to a core Layer 3 GbE switch. Say you have three VLANs: VLAN10 (10.0.0.0/24) Servers: your typical Windows DC/file server, Exchange, and an Accounting/SQL server. VLAN20: (10.0.1.0/24) Sales: needs access to everything on VLAN10; doesn't need access to VLAN30 and vice-versa. VLAN20: (10.0.1.0/24) Support: needs access to everything on VLAN10; doesn't need access to VLAN20 and vice-versa. Here's how I think this should work in my head: Switch #1: Ports 2-20 are assigned to VLAN20; all the Sales workstations and printers are connected here. Optional 10GbE combo port #1 is trunked to L3 switch's 10 GbE combo port #1. Switch #2: Ports 2-20 are assigned to VLAN30; all the Support workstations and printers are connected here. Optional 10GbE combo port #1 is trunked to L3 switch's 10 GbE combo port #2. Core L3 switch: Ports 2-10 are assigned to VLAN10; all three servers are connected here. With a standard 10/100 x 24 switch, it'll usually come with one or two 1 GbE uplink ports; carrying over this logic to a 10/100/1000 x 24, the "optional" 10 GbE combo ports that most higher-end switches can get shouldn't really be an option. Keep in mind I haven't tested anything yet, I'm primarily moving in this direction for growth (don't want to buy 10/100 switches and have to replace those within a couple of years) and security (being able to control access between VLANs with L3 routing/packet filtering ACLs). Does this sound right? Do I really need the 10 GbE ports? It seems very non-standard and expensive, but it "feels" right when you think about 40 or 50 workstations trunking up to the L3 switch over 1 GbE standard ports. If say 20 workstations want to download a 10 GB image from the servers concurrently, wouldn't the trunk be the bottleneck? At least if the trunk was 10 GbE, you'd have 10x1GbE nodes being able to reach their theoretical max. What about switch stacking? Some of the D-Links I've been looking at have HDMI interfaces for stacking. As far as I know, stacking two switches creates one logical switch, but is this just for management I/O or does the switches use the (assuming it's HDMI 1.3) 10.2 Gbps for carrying data back and forth?

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  • System Requirements of a write-heavy applications serving hundreds of requests per second

    - by Rolando Cruz
    NOTE: I am a self-taught PHP developer who has little to none experience managing web and database servers. I am about to write a web-based attendance system for a very large userbase. I expect around 1000 to 1500 users logged-in at the same time making at least 1 request every 10 seconds or so for a span of 30 minutes a day, 3 times a week. So it's more or less 100 requests per second, or at the very worst 1000 requests in a second (average of 16 concurrent requests? But it could be higher given the short timeframe that users will make these requests. crosses fingers to avoid 100 concurrent requests). I expect two types of transactions, a local (not referring to a local network) and a foreign transaction. local transactions basically download userdata in their locality and cache it for 1 - 2 weeks. Attendance equests will probably be two numeric strings only: userid and eventid. foreign transactions are for attendance of those do not belong in the current locality. This will pass in the following data instead: (numeric) locality_id, (string) full_name. Both requests are done in Ajax so no HTML data included, only JSON. Both type of requests expect at the very least a single numeric response from the server. I think there will be a 50-50 split on the frequency of local and foreign transactions, but there's only a few bytes of difference anyways in the sizes of these transactions. As of this moment the userid may only reach 6 digits and eventid are 4 to 5-digit integers too. I expect my users table to have at least 400k rows, and the event table to have as many as 10k rows, a locality table with at least 1500 rows, and my main attendance table to increase by 400k rows (based on the number of users in the users table) a day for 3 days a week (1.2M rows a week). For me, this sounds big. But is this really that big? Or can this be handled by a single server (not sure about the server specs yet since I'll probably avail of a VPS from ServInt or others)? I tried to read on multiple server setups Heatbeat, DRBD, master-slave setups. But I wonder if they're really necessary. the users table will add around 500 1k rows a week. If this can't be handled by a single server, then if I am to choose a MySQL replication topology, what would be the best setup for this case? Sorry, if I sound vague or the question is too wide. I just don't know what to ask or what do you want to know at this point.

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  • Buying a new printer instead of replacing ink?

    - by Kelsey
    With prices of basic printers being around $40 - $50 and a ink cartridge being around $20 - $30 each for black AND color. It costs me more to replace the printer's ink than to just buy a brand new printer. This just seems like a total waste of materials though (I have 4 printers sitting in my basement with no ink). I know the ink cartridges are smaller (not as full) in a new printer but I go through it in about 1 to 1.5 years only and by then my $40 gets me a better printer to boot. Also with certain printers the heads are not part of the ink (Epson use to do this and still might) so I get new heads as well. Is this a bad practice? Are retailers making this a reality when they are selling working hardware cheaper than replacement parts? Is there something more I should be considering? Edit: Some background, long ago I bought an Epson printer which I used to print docs etc vary rarely. The ink started running low so I bought to new carts for around $60 if I recall. The printer then stopped working so I replaced the carts with the new ones but the head was dead on the black which was not worth repairing. I bought a new HP printer for $49. This lasted around 1.5yrs and then the ink ran out, I went to buy new carts and the guy at the store got me to buy a new printer (that was smaller, faster, higher dpi, etc) and it was cheaper than replacing the ink. When the ink ran out on that one I bought a new printer again, etc. The printer gets used maybe once a week at most and I never print photos or anything. It normally is jsut stored away unplugged accumulating dust. People say to buy a laser printer but they are much larger, do not print color, (in the price range I am looking at) and might have the exact same issues. The problem I see is the manufacturer is making my behaviour possible by selling new printers at a loss hoping that they will cash in on the ink later. How can they produce a printer for so cheap which HAS ink in it, and the refills cost more than the unit? It can't.

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  • IIS/ASP.NET performance incident - Perfmon Current Annonymous Users going through roof but Requests/sec low

    - by Laurence
    Setup: ASP.NET 4.0 website on IIS 6.0 on Win 2003 64 bit, 8xCPUs, 16GB memory, separate SQL 2005 DB server. Had a serious slowdown today with any otherwise fairly well performing ASP.NET site. For a period of a couple of hours all page requests were taking a very long time to be served - e.g. 30-60s compared to usual 2s. The w3wp.exe's CPU and memory usage on the webserver was not much higher than normal. The application pool was not in the middle of recycling (and it hadn't recycled for several hours). Bottlenecks in the database were ruled out - no blocks occurring and query results were being returned quickly. I couldn't make any sense of it and set up the following Perfmon counters: Current Anonymous Users (for site in question) Get requests/sec (ditto) Requests/sec for the ASP.NET application running the site Get requests/sec was averaging 100-150. Requests/sec for ASP.NET was averaging 5-10. However Current Anonymous Users was around 200. And then as I was watching, the Current Anonymous Users began to climb steeply going up to about 500 within a few minutes. All this time Get requests/sec & Requests/sec for ASP.NET was if anything going down. I did a whole load of things (in a panic!) to try to get the site working, like shutting it down, recycling the app pool, and adding another worker process to the pool. I also extended the expiration time for content (in IIS under HTTP Headers) in an attempt to lower the number of requests for static files (there are a lot of images on the site). The site is now back to normal, and the counters are fairly steady and reading (added Current Connections counter): Current Anonymous Users : average 30 Get requests/sec : average 100 Requests/sec for ASP.NET : 5 Current Connections : average 300 I have also observed an inverse relationship between Get requests/sec & Current Anonymous Users. Usually both are fairly steady but there will be short periods when Get requests/sec will go down dramatically and Current Anonymous Users will go up in a perfect mirror image. Then they will flip back to their usual levels. So, my questions are: Thinking of the original performance issue - if w3wp.exe CPU, memory usage were normal and there was no DB bottleneck, what could explain page requests taking 20 times longer to be served than usual? What other counters should I be looking at if this happens again? What explains the inverse relationship between Get requests/sec & Current Anonymous Users? What could explain Current Anonymous Users going from 200 to 500 within a few minutes? Many thanks for any insight into this.

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  • Windows 2003 GPO Software Restrictions

    - by joeqwerty
    We're running a Terminal Server farm in a Windows 2003 Domain, and I found a problem with the Software Restrictions GPO settings that are being applied to our TS servers. Here are the details of our configuration and the problem: All of our servers (Domain Controllers and Terminal Servers) are running Windows Server 2003 SP2 and both the domain and forest are at Windows 2003 level. Our TS servers are in an OU where we have specific GPO's linked and have inheritance blocked, so only the TS specific GPO's are applied to these TS servers. Our users are all remote and do not have workstations joined to our domain, so we don't use loopback policy processing. We take a "whitelist" approach to allowing users to run applications, so only applications that we approve and add as path or hash rules are able to run. We have the Security Level in Software Restrictions set to Disallowed and Enforcement is set to "All software files except libraries". What I've found is that if I give a user a shortcut to an application, they're able to launch the application even if it's not in the Additional Rules list of "whitelisted" applications. If I give a user a copy of the main executable for the application and they attempt to launch it, they get the expected "this program has been restricted..." message. It appears that the Software Restrictions are indeed working, except for when the user launches an application using a shortcut as opposed to launching the application from the main executable itself, which seems to contradict the purpose of using Software Restrictions. My questions are: Has anyone else seen this behavior? Can anyone else reproduce this behavior? Am I missing something in my understanding of Software Restrictions? Is it likely that I have something misconfigured in Software Restrictions? EDIT To clarify the problem a little bit: No higher level GPO's are being enforced. Running gpresults shows that in fact, only the TS level GPO's are being applied and I can indeed see my Software Restictions being applied. No path wildcards are in use. I'm testing with an application that is at "C:\Program Files\Application\executable.exe" and the application executable is not in any path or hash rule. If the user launches the main application executable directly from the application's folder, the Software Restrictions are enforced. If I give the user a shortcut that points to the application executable at "C:\Program Files\Application\executable.exe" then they are able to launch the program. EDIT Also, LNK files are listed in the Designated File Types, so they should be treated as executable, which should mean that they are bound by the same Software Restrictions settings and rules.

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  • AWS EC2 - How to specify an IAM role for an instance being launched via awscli

    - by Skaperen
    I am using the "aws ec2 run-instances" command (from the awscli package) to launch an instance in AWS EC2. I want to set an IAM role on the instance I am launching. The IAM role is configured and I can use it successfully when launching an instance from the AWS web UI. But when I try to do this using that command, and the "--iam-instance-profile" option, it failed. Doing "aws ec2 run-instances help" shows Arn= and Name= subfields for the value. When I try to look up the Arn using "aws iam list-instance-profiles" it gives this error message: A client error (AccessDenied) occurred: User: arn:aws:sts::xxxxxxxxxxxx:assumed-role/shell/i-15c2766d is not authorized to perform: iam:ListInstanceProfiles on resource: arn:aws:iam::xxxxxxxxxxxx:instance-profile/ (where xxxxxxxxxxxx is my AWS 12-digit account number) I looked up the Arn string via the web UI and used that via "--iam-instance-profile Arn=arn:aws:iam::xxxxxxxxxxxx:instance-profile/shell" on the run-instances command, and that failed with: A client error (UnauthorizedOperation) occurred: You are not authorized to perform this operation. If I leave off the "--iam-instance-profile" option entirely, the instance will launch but it will not have the IAM role setting I need. So the permission seems to have something to do with using "--iam-instance-profile" or accessing IAM data. I repeated several times in case of AWS glitches (they happen sometimes) and no success. I suspected that perhaps there is a restriction that an instance with an IAM role is not allowed to launch an instance with a more powerful IAM role. But in this case, the instance I am doing the command in has the same IAM role that I am trying to use. named "shell" (though I also tried using another one, no luck). Is setting an IAM role not even permitted from an instance (via its IAM role credentials)? Is there some higher IAM role permission needed to use IAM roles, than is needed for just launching a plain instance? Is "--iam-instance-profile" the appropriate way to specify an IAM role? Do I need to use a subset of the Arn string, or format it in some other way? Is it possible to set up an IAM role that can do any IAM role accesses (maybe a "Super Root IAM" ... making up this name)? FYI, everything involves Linux running on the instances. Also, I am running all this from an instance because I could not get these tools installed on my desktop. That and I do not want to put my IAM user credentials on any AWS storage as advised by AWS here. after answered: I did not mention the launching instance permission of "PowerUserAccess" (vs. "AdministratorAccess") because I did not realize additional access was needed at the time the question was asked. I assumed that the IAM role was "information" attached to the launch. But it really is more than that. It is a granting of permission.

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  • Building an SSL server farm

    - by dan
    I'm interested in building the the architecture in the article referenced below. I currently have a modestly-priced layer-4 load balancer and my application servers are the SSL endpoints. I want to put an SSL server farm in between my load balancer and my app servers. Then I will put another inexpensive load balancer between the SSL farm and my app servers, to do layer-7 routing. My web application has a fairly high amount of consumer traffic, that 6 servers can handle at about 50% capacity. Additionally, I have infrastructure traffic that is several orders of magnitude heavier than my consumer traffic. This is data coming in from all over the world that must integrate with my web application in real time. In total I have 18 app servers to handle all the traffic, plus 6 database servers. I will be adding 6 more app servers over the next 2 weeks and another 6 the 2 weeks after that. Conservatively, I estimate I will need to scale to 120 servers by the end of the year. My motivation right now is to separate the consumer traffic from the infrastructure traffic. The consumer traffic is higher priority than the infrastructure traffic and I cannot allow a stampede on the infrastructure side to take down my consumer-facing servers. Having a website that is always up is the top priority. However if there is a failure in one of the consumer app servers, I want to route that traffic to the servers designated for infrastructure traffic. The complication is that all the traffic is addressed using the same hostname and is nearly 100% https. The only way in my case to distinguish infrastructure from consumer traffic is by URL (poor architecture I inherited), so I need a layer 7 load balancer to be able to route. However for that to work I need either a fancy hardware-based SSL terminator or an SSL server farm as described above. Because my user base is rapidly scaling, I worry that if I go down the hardware path it will become very expensive very fast, especially since I will need 4 of everything for high availability (2 identical setups in 2 facilities). Meanwhile, the above diagram seems very flexible and more horizontally scalable. Has anyone built this before? Are there pre-built configurations? What considerations should I make and what software should I use (I've heard of people using apache with mod-ssl, nginx, and stunnel)? Also, when does it make sense to buy an expensive load balancer vs building an SSL server farm? http://1wt.eu/articles/2006_lb/index_05.html

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