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  • Question on methods in Object Oriented Programming

    - by mal
    I’m learning Java at the minute (first language), and as a project I’m looking at developing a simple puzzle game. My question relates to the methods within a class. I have my Block type class; it has its many attributes, set methods, get methods and just plain methods. There are quite a few. Then I have my main board class. At the moment it does most of the logic, positioning of sprites collision detection and then draws the sprites etc... As I am learning to program as much as I’m learning to program games I’m curious to know how much code is typically acceptable within a given method. Is there such thing as having too many methods? All my draw functionality happens in one method, should I break this into a few ‘sub’ methods? My thinking is if I find at a later stage that the for loop I’m using to cycle through the array of sprites searching for collisions in the spriteCollision() method is inefficient I code a new method and just replace the old method calls with the new one, leaving the old code intact. Is it bad practice to have a method that contains one if statement, and place the call for that method in the for loop? I’m very much in the early stages of coding/designing and I need all the help I can get! I find it a little intimidating when people are talking about throwing together a prototype in a day too! Can’t wait until I’m that good!

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  • Can't find new.h - getting gcc-4.2 on Quantal?

    - by Suyo
    I've been trying to compile the Valve Source SDK (2007) on my machine, but I keep running into the same error: In file included from ../public/tier1/interface.h:50:0, from ../utils/serverplugin_sample/serverplugin_empty.cpp:13: ../public/tier0/platform.h:46:17: new.h: No such file or directory I'm pretty new to C++ coding and compiling, but using apt-file search I tried to use every single suggestion for the required files in the Makefile (libstdc++.a and libgcc_eh.a), and none worked. I then found a note in the Makefile saying gcc 4.2.2 is recommended - I assume the older code won't work with the newer version, but gcc-4.2 is unavailable in 12.10. So my question/s is/are: If my assumption is right - how do I get gcc 4.2.2 on Quantal? If my assumption is wrong - what else could be the problem here? Relevant portion of the Makefile: # compiler options (gcc 3.4.1 will work - 4.2.2 recommended) CC=/usr/bin/gcc CPLUS=/usr/bin/g++ CLINK=/usr/bin/gcc CPP_LIB="/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.6/libstdc++.a /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/4.6/libgcc_eh.a" # GCC 4.2.2 optimization flags, if you're using anything below, don't use these! OPTFLAGS=-O1 -fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math -fforce-addr -funroll-loops -fthread-jumps -fcrossjumping -foptimize-sibling-calls -fcse-follow-jumps -fcse-skip-blocks -fgcse -fgcse-lm -fexpensive-optimizations -frerun-cse-after-loop -fcaller-saves -fpeephole2 -fschedule-insns2 -fsched-interblock -fsched-spec -fregmove -fstrict-overflow -fdelete-null-pointer-checks -freorder-blocks -freorder-functions -falign-functions -falign-jumps -falign-loops -falign-labels -ftree-vrp -ftree-pre -finline-functions -funswitch-loops -fgcse-after-reload #OPTFLAGS= # put any compiler flags you want passed here USER_CFLAGS=-m32

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  • Get Func-y v2.0

    - by PhubarBaz
    In my last post I talked about using funcs in C# to do async calls in WinForms to free up the main thread for the UI. In that post I demonstrated calling a method and then waiting until the value came back. Today I want to talk about calling a method and then continuing on and handling the results of the async call in a callback.The difference is that in the previous example although the UI would not lock up the user couldn't really do anything while the other thread was working because it was waiting for it to finish. This time I want to allow the user to continue to do other stuff while waiting for the thread to finish.Like before I have a service call I want to make that takes a long time to finish defined in a method called MyServiceCall. We need to define a callback method takes an IAsyncResult parameter.public ServiceCallResult MyServiceCall(int param1)...public int MyCallbackMethod(IAsyncResult ar)...We start the same way by defining a delegate to the service call method using a Func. We need to pass an AsyncCallback object into the BeginInvoke method. This will tell it to call our callback method when MyServiceCall finishes. The second parameter to BeginInvoke is the Func delegate. This will give us access to it in our callback.Func<int, ServiceCallResult> f = MyServiceCall;AsyncCallback callback =   new AsyncCallback(MyCallbackMethod);IAsyncResult async = f.BeginInvoke(23, callback, f); Now let's expand the callback method. The IAsyncResult parameter contains the Func delegate in its AsyncState property. We call EndInvoke on that Func to get the return value.public int MyCallbackMethod(IAsyncResult ar){    Func<int, ServiceCallResult> delegate =        (Func<int, ServiceCallResult>)ar.AsyncState;    ServiceCallResult result = delegate.EndInvoke(ar);}There you have it. Now you don't have to make the user wait for something that isn't critical to the loading of the page.

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  • RESTful applications logic and cross resource operations

    - by Gaz_Edge
    I have an RESTful api that allows my users to receive enquiries about their business e.g. 'I would like to book service x on date y. Is this available?'. The api saves this information as a resource to the following URI users/{userId}/enquiries/{enquiryId} The information shown when this resource is retrieved are the standard sort of things you'd expect from an enquiry - email, first_name, last_name, address, message The api also allows customers to be created for a user. The customer has a login and password and also a profile. The following URIs expose these two resources PUT users/{userId}/customers/{customerId} PUT users/{userId}/customers/{customerId}/profile The problem I am having is that I would like to have the ability to allow users to create a customer from an enquiry. For example, the user is able to offer their service on the date requested and will then want to setup a customer with login details etc to allow them to manage the rest of the process. The obvious answer would be to use a URI like users/{userId}/enquiries/{enquiryId}/convert-to-client The problem with this is is that it somewhat goes against a lot of what I've been reading about how to implement REST (specifically from the book Restful Web Services which suggests that URIs should point to resources not operations on resources). The other option would be to get the client application (i.e. the code that calls the api) to handle some of this application logic. This doesn't quite feel right to me. I have implemented in my design that the client app is fairly dumb. It knows just enough to display the results from the API, and does not contain any application logic. Would be great to hear what others views are on the best way of setting this up Am I wrong to have no application logic in the client app? How would I perform this operation purely in the REST api?

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  • How can I create an orthographic display that handles different screen dimensions?

    - by Piku
    I'm trying to create an iPad/iPhone game using GLES2.0 that contains a 3D scene with a heads-up-display/GUI overlaid on the top. However, this problem would also apply if I were to port my game to a computer and run the game in a resizable window, or allow the user to change screen resolutions... When trying to make the 2D GUI/HUD work I've made the assumption that all I'm really doing is drawing a load of 2D textured 'quads' on the screen and am trying to treat the orthographic projection as an old-style 2D display with 0,0 in the upper left and screenWidth,ScreenHeight in the lower right. This causes me all sorts of confusion when I rotate my ipad into Landscape mode since I can't work out what to put into my projection and modelview matrices to turn everything around the right way. It also gets messy if I want to support the iPad's large screen, an iPhone or a Retina display since I have to then draw three sets of textures for everything and work out which ones to use. Should I be trying to map the 2D OpenGL co-ords 1:1 with the screen? While typing out this question it occurs to me that I could keep my origin in the centre, still running -1/+1 along the axes. This would let me scale my 2D content appropriately on the different screen sizes, but wouldn't I end up with the textures being scaled and possibly losing quality? I'm using OpenGLES 2.0 and have a matrix library that has equivalents to the GLES1.1 glOrthof() and glFrustrum() calls.

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  • Gave a talk at SoCal Code Camp at USC today titled “Linq to Objects A-Z”

    - by dotneteer
    I gave a talk at SoCal Code Camp on Linq to Objects. With careful categorization of Linq functions, I was able to cover the entire set of Linq functions in only 35 minutes. I was able to spend the rest time on demos. In my first demo, I show I was able to write a top 20 URL type of query using 4 lines of library code and 9 line of Linq code without tools like Log Parser. I also demonstrated that I only need to change 2 lines of code from querying a single log file to a whole directory of log files. It would be as simple to run the query against multiple servers in parallel. In my second demo, I discussed how to turn into graph depth-first-search (DFS) and breath-first-search (BFS) in the a Linq queryable problem. The class LingToGraph contains the only DFS and BFS code I ever have to write; the rest could be done the the lambda passed to the DFS or BFS calls. In future blogs, I will provide more details explanation of code. Links: Link to Powerpoint slides. Link to demos.

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  • Recent 12.04 Upgrade Makes My System and Internet Run Extremely SLOW!

    - by Sterling
    I'm running a Dell Inspiron 1564 with Windows7/Ubuntu dual booting. I haven't logged into the Ubuntu OS partition for some time until recently (trying to force myself into a Linux environment to learn) and when I did, It asked me to upgrade to 12.04 and so I did, restarted and since, everything seems to run extremely slow (startup, opening applications, running applications, switching windows, etc., etc... Another thing is that the Internet cuts out intermittently on my browser. Some pages within my Firefox tabs I can access, some I cant. Almost always while running Skype or some other Internet using application. So I know that I'm getting Internet, I can chat with friends over Skype but certain pages wont load during my Skype calls; the pages just hang upon resfreshing... I can eventually get the page to load after an indefinite amount of waiting and refreshing but this is very annoying. I am extremely new to Linux so I apologize in advance for my absolute ignorance. I am willing to post whatever information you Linux gurus have me type into the terminal in hopes that you can help me =) Thanks in advance!

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  • Init.d script gets return code 1 when calling itself, how can I get output?

    - by Per
    My question is, how can I modify the script so that it will tell me what goes wrong? The scenario is this: I'm trying to get Sonatype Nexus to start as a service in Ubuntu 10.04, and it just will not work. (I'm not looking for help on how to run Nexus, but on how to get some useful output from a script) It works when invoking it with sudo /etc/init.d/nexus start but fails when using sudo service nexus start I have run the update-rc.d command on it, and done everything according to instructions. The nexus init.d-script has a point where it calls itself when it detects that it should run as another user ('nexus'): su -m $RUN_AS_USER -c "\"$REALPATH\" $2" which expands to su -m nexus -c '"/opt/nexus-2.0.2/bin/jsw/linux-x86-64/nexus" start' when adding the -x debug flag to the script. This command results in return code 1. It never executes - I've set -x debug flag on the script, placed echo commands with redirect to file at the start of script to trace, etc. I cannot get any output telling me why the command will not execute. I've tried appending redirect to file after the above script line, inside the quotes, outside, any way I could imagine. All info I can get is by inserting a line echo $? after the su line, which outputs '1'. Is there a way I can see what happens when the su command runs?

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  • Isometric Camera trouble - can't rotate or move correctly

    - by Deukalion
    I'm trying to create a 3D editor, but I've been having some trouble with the Camera and understanding each component. I've created 2 camera that works OK, but now I'm trying to implement an Isometric Camera in XNA without success on the rotation and movement of the camera. All I get working is Zoom. (Cube with x=3f, y=3f, z=1f in center) And this is the constructor for my IsometricCamera (inherits from ICamera, with methods for Rotation, Movement and Zoom, and Properties for World/View/Projection matrices) public IsometricCamera3D(GraphicsDevice device, float startClip = -1000f, float endClip = 1000f) { matrix_projection = Matrix.CreateOrthographic(device.Viewport.Width, device.Viewport.Height, startClip, endClip); rotation = Vector3.Zero; matrix_view = Matrix.CreateScale(zoom) * Matrix.CreateRotationY(MathHelper.ToRadians(45 + 180)) * Matrix.CreateRotationX(MathHelper.ToRadians(30)) * Matrix.CreateRotationZ(MathHelper.ToRadians(120)) * Matrix.CreateTranslation(rotation.X, rotation.Y, rotation.Z); } Problem is when I rotate it, all that happens is that the Cube gets more or less shiny and nothing happens. What is wrong and how should I create my View matrix to move it / rotate it correctly? Rotate, Move and Zoom looks like: MethodName(Vector3 rotation/movement), Zoom(float value); and just increases the value, then calls an update to recreate the View Matrix according to the code in the constructor. Currently, in my editor I use MiddleButton + Mouse Movement to rotate the camera, but it's not working as the other camera. But in my default camera I use World Matrix to move, but I guess that's not the best way to go which is why I'm trying this.

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  • AI agents with FSM: a question regarding this

    - by Prog
    Finite State Machines implemented with the State design pattern are a common way to design AI agents. I am familiar with the State design pattern and know how to implement it. However I have a question regarding how this is used in games to design AI agents. Please consider a class Monster that represents an AI agent. Simplified it looks like this: class Monster{ State state; // other fields omitted public void update(){ // called every game-loop cycle state.execute(this); } public void setState(State state){ this.state = state; } // irrelevant stuff omitted } There are several State subclasses that implement execute() differently. So far classic State pattern. Here's my question: AI agents are subject to environmental effects and other objects communicating with them. For example an AI agent might tell another AI agent to attack (i.e. agent.attack()). Or a fireball might tell an AI agent to fall down. This means that the agent must have methods such as attack() and fallDown(), or commonly some message receiving mechanism to understand such messages. My question is divided to two parts: 1- Please say if this is correct: With an FSM, the current State of the agent should be the one taking care of such method calls - i.e. the agent delegates to the current state upon every event. Correct? Or wrong? 2- If correct, than how is this done? Are all states obligated by their superclass) to implement methods such as attack(), fallDown() etc., so the agent can always delegate to them on almost every event? Or is it done in some other way?

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  • Testing a codebase with sequential cohesion

    - by iveqy
    I've this really simple program written in C with ncurses that's basically a front-end to sqlite3. I would like to implement TDD to continue the development and have found a nice C unit framework for this. However I'm totally stuck on how to implement it. Take this case for example: A user types a letter 'l' that is captured by ncurses getch(), and then an sqlite3 query is run that for every row calls a callback function. This callback function prints stuff to the screen via ncurses. So the obvious way to fully test this is to simulate a keyboard and a terminal and make sure that the output is the expected. However this sounds too complicated. I was thinking about adding an abstraction layer between the database and the UI so that the callback function will populate a list of entries and that list will later be printed. In that case I would be able to check if that list contains the expected values. However, why would I struggle with a data structure and lists in my program when sqlite3 already does this? For example, if the user wants to see the list sorted in some other way, it would be expensive to throw away the list and repopulate it. I would need to sort the list, but why should I implement sorting when sqlite3 already has that? Using my orginal design I could just do an other query sorted differently. Previously I've only done TDD with command line applications, and there it's really easy to just compare the output with what I'm expected. An other way would be to add CLI interface to the program and wrap a test program around the CLI to test everything. (The way git.git does with it's test-framework). So the question is, how to add testing to a tightly integrated database/UI.

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  • Hostmonster can't change domains around?

    - by loneboat
    (question imported from http://superuser.com/q/204439/53847 ) Horrible title, but I couldn't think of a succinct way to summarize it to fit. I have HostMonster for my web hosting. I have several domain names under the same account (using the same web space, IP address, etc...). Every HM account has one domain set up as the "main domain", and all other domains are "secondary". The only way I have ever encountered this being an issue is in trying to use HTTPS - since (from my limited understanding) HTTPS encrypts headers, you can't route HTTPS requests to different virtual hosts on a server - only unencrypted requests, since it must look in the request to know where to route it. When I registered for my account, I only had one domain name (A). I have since added domain names (B), (C), (D), etc... At one point I switched domain name (B) to be my "main" domain name - so I could use HTTPS with it. I have since sold domain name (B), and would like to make domain name (A) my "main" one again (as it was before), but HM support says, "no, once a domain name has been a 'main' domain name on an account once, we can't set it up to be a 'main' domain name again. You're welcome to use domains (C), or (D), though.". They tell me the only way to reuse domain (A) as a "main" domain would be to set up a new account and transfer over all my files. I'm confused here. If I have domains (D), (E), and (F), they say I'm welcome to make one of them my new main domain name, just never (A) again, since I've already "used" it once. Calls to support only reveal that they can't let me do it because doing so would somehow "break" my account. Can anyone think of any good reason why this should be so? The only thing I can think is that maybe they're using the domain names as keys in some database or something? But if that's the case, that's ridiculous - they need to reorganize their databases!

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  • License validation and calling home

    - by VitalyB
    I am developing an application that, when bought, can be activated using a license. Currently I am doing offline validation which is a bit troubling to me. I am aware there is nothing to do against cracks (i.e modified binaries), however, I am thinking to trying to discourage license-key pirating. Here is my current plan: When the user activates the software and after offline validation is successful, it tries to call home and validate the license. If home approves of the license or if home is unreachable, or if the user is offline, the license gets approved. If home is reached and tells the license is invalid, validation fails. Licensed application calls home the same way every time during startup (in background). If license is revoked (i.e pirated license or generated via keygen), the license get deactivated. This should help with piracy of licenses - An invalid license will be disabled and a valid license that was pirated can be revoked (and its legal owner supplied with new license). Pirate-users will be forced to use cracked version which are usually version specific and harder to reach. While it generally sounds good to me, I have some concerns: Users tend to not like home-calling and online validation. Would that kind of validation bother you? Even though in case of offline/failure the application stays licensed? It is clear that the whole scheme can be thwarted by going offline/firewall/etc. I think that the bother to do one of these is great enough to discourage casual license sharing, but I am not sure. As it goes in general with licensing and DRM variations, I am not sure the time I spend on that kind of protection isn't better spent by improving my product. I'd appreciate your input and thoughts. Thanks!

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  • android shut-down errors / thread problems

    - by iQue
    Im starting to deal with some stuff in my game that I thought were "minor problems" and one of these are that I get an error every time I shut down my game that looks like this: 09-05 21:40:58.320: E/AndroidRuntime(30401): FATAL EXCEPTION: Thread-4898 09-05 21:40:58.320: E/AndroidRuntime(30401): java.lang.NullPointerException 09-05 21:40:58.320: E/AndroidRuntime(30401): at nielsen.happy.shooter.MainGamePanel.render(MainGamePanel.java:94) 09-05 21:40:58.320: E/AndroidRuntime(30401): at nielsen.happy.shooter.MainThread.run(MainThread.java:101) on these lines is my GameViews rendering-method and the line in my Thread that calls my GameViews rendering-method. Im guessing Something in my surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) is wrong, or maybe Im not ending the tread in the right place. My surfaceDestroyed-method: public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { Log.d(TAG, "Surface is being destroyed"); boolean retry = true; ((MainThread)thread).setRunning(false); while (retry) { try { ((MainThread)thread).join(); retry = false; } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } Log.d(TAG, "Thread was shut down cleanly"); } Also, In my activity for this View my onPaus, onDestoy and onStop are empty, do I maybe need to add something there? The crash occurs when I press my home-button on the phone, or any other button that makes the game stop. But as I understand it the onPaus is called when you press the Home-button.. This is really new territory for me so Im sorry if im missing something obvious or something really big. adding my surfaceCreated method asweel since that is where I start this thread: public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { controls = new GameControls(this); setOnTouchListener(controls); timer1.schedule(new Task(this), 0, delay1); thread.setRunning(true); thread.start(); } and aslong as this is running, my game is rendering and updating.

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  • JiglibX addition to existing project questions

    - by SomeXnaChump
    Got a very simple existing project, that basically contains a lot of cubes. Now I am wanting to add a physics system to it and JiglibX seemed like the simplest one with some tutorials out there. My main problem is that the physics don't seem to be working how I imagined, I expected my tower of cubes to come crashing down, but they dont seem to do anything. I think my problem is that my cubes do not inherit DrawableGameComponent, they are managed by a world object that will update and render them. So they are at no point put into the games component list. I am not sure if this means that JiglibX will not be able to interact with them as in all the tutorials there are no explicit calls to add the Body objects to the physics system, so I can only presume that they are using a static/singleton under the hood which automatically hooks in all things, or they use the game objects component list somehow. I also noticed that in alot of the tutorials they use the following when setting up the physics system: float timeStep = (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.Ticks / TimeSpan.TicksPerSecond; PhysicsSystem.CurrentPhysicsSystem.Integrate(timeStep); Would it not be better to keep a local instance of the created PhysicsSystem object and just call myPhysicsSystem.Integrate(timeStep)?

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  • How much ethical is to accept second offer while serving notice period for first company? [closed]

    - by iammilind
    I had got an offer from a company X 2 months back. Though the compensation was pretty good, I asked for more. They declined and I continued my search for the best. I was expecting good companies (Y, Z) will contact me, but that din't happen. Then 2 months later, now I re-approached company X again and they issued me the same offer. I accepted it, resigned from my current company and serving the notice period (2 months). Now the twist: I got calls from Y and Z (good companies). They definitely give better compensation. If they select me then my plan is to accept the better offer from Y/Z and inform the X immediately that I have got better opportunity, so I will not be able to join the company... Is this ethical ? [Edit Note: I have to just send an acceptance email (i.e. no contract signing) which doesn't legally bind me to join that company. So, legally I am not doing anything wrong. However, I am worried that if I am doing right/wrong ethically.]

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  • Informing GUI objects about screen size - Designing

    - by Mosquito
    I have a problem with designing classes for my game which I create. In my app, there is: class CGame which contains all the information about game itself, e.g. screen width, screen height, etc. In the main() function I create a pointer to CGame instance. class CGUIObject which includes fields specifying it's position and draw() method, which should know how to draw an object according to screen size. class CGUIManager which is a singleton and it includes a list of CGUIObject's. For each object in a list it just calls draw() method. For clarity's sake, I'll put some simple code: class CGame { int screenWidth; int screenHeight; }; class CGUIObject { CPoint position; void draw(); // this one needs to know what is a screen's width and height }; class CGUIManager // it's a singleton { vector<CGUIObject*> guiObjects; void drawObjects(); }; And the main.cpp: CGame* g; int main() { g = new CGame(); while(1) { CGUIManager::Instance().drawObjects(); } return 0; } Now the problem is, that each CGUIObject needs to know the screen size which is held by CGame, but I find it very dumb to include pointer to CGame instance in every object. Could anyone, please, tell me what would be the best approach to achieve this?

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  • 724% Return on an SFA project with Oracle Sales Cloud and Marketing Cloud combined!

    - by Richard Lefebvre
    Oracle Sales Cloud and Marketing Cloud customer Apex IT gained just that?a 724% return on investment (ROI) when it implemented these Oracle Cloud solutions in its fast-moving, rapidly-growing business. Apex IT was just announced as a winner of the Nucleus Research 11th annual Technology ROI Awards. The award, given by the analyst firm, highlights organizations that have successfully leveraged IT deployments to maximize value per dollar spent. Fast Facts: Return on Investment – 724% Payback – 2 months Average annual benefit – $91,534 Cost : Benefit Ratio – 1:48 Business Benefits In addition to the ROI and cost metrics the award calls out improvements in Apex IT’s business operations—across both Sales and Marketing teams: Improved ability to identify new opportunities and focus sales resources on higher-probability deals Reduced administration and manual lead tracking—resulting in more time selling and a net new client increase of 46% Increased campaign productivity for both Marketing and Sales, including Oracle Marketing Cloud’s automation of campaign tracking and nurture programs Improved margins with more structured and disciplined sales processes—resulting in more effective deal negotiations Read the full Apex IT ROI Case Study. You also can learn more about Apex IT’s business, including the company’s work with Oracle Sales and Marketing Cloud on behalf of its clients. You can point your prospects and customers to the CX blog for a similar recap of the Apex IT award and a link to the Case Study.

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  • How to refactor to cleaner version of maintaing states of the widget

    - by George
    Backstory I inherited a bunch of code that I'd like to refactor. It is a UI application written in javascript. Current state: We have main application which consist of several UI components. And each component has entry fields, textboxes, menus, etc), like "ticket", "customer information", etc. Based on input, where the application was called from, who is the user, we enable/disable, hide, show, change titles. Unfortunately, the app grew to the point where it is really hard to scale, add new features. Main the driver (application code) calls set/unset functions of the respective components. So a lot of the stuff look like this Main app unit function1() { **call_function2()** component1.setX(true); component1.setY(true); component2.setX(false); } call_function2() { // it may repeat some of the code function1 called } and we have a lot of this in the main union. I am cleaning this mess. What is the best way to maintain the state of widgets? Please let me know if you need me to clarify.

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  • Static / Shared Helper Functions vs Built-In Methods

    - by Nathan
    This is a simple question but a design consideration that I often run across in my day to day development work. Lets say that you have a class that represents some kinds of collection. Public Class ModifiedCustomerOrders Public Property Orders as List(Of ModifiedOrders) End Class Within this class you do all kinds of important work, such as combining many different information sources and, eventually, build the Modified Customer Orders. Now, you have different processes that consume this class, each of which needs a slightly different slice of the ModifiedCustomerOrders items. To enable this, you want to add filtering functionality. How do you go about this? Do you: Add Filtering calls to the ModifiedCustomerOrders class so that you can say: MyOrdersClass.RemoveCanceledOrders() Create a Static / Shared "tooling" class that allows you to call: OrdersFilters.RemoveCanceledOrders(MyOrders) Create an extension method to accomplish the same feat as #2 but with less typing: MyOrders.RemoveCanceledOrders() Create a "Service" method that handles the getting of Orders as appropriate to the calling function, while using one of the previous approaches "under the hood". OrdersService.GetOrdersForProcessA() Others? I tend to prefer the tooling / extension method approaches as they make testing a little bit simpler. Although I dependency inject all my sourcing data into the ModifiedCustomerOrders, having it as part of the class makes it a little bit more complicated to test. Typically, I choose to use extension methods where I am doing parameterless transformations / filters. As they get more complex, I will move it into a static class instead. Thoughts on this approach? How would you approach it?

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  • Must all AI states be able to react to any event?

    - by Prog
    FSMs implemented with the State design pattern are a common way to design AI agents. I am familiar with the State design pattern and know how to implement it. How is this used in games to design AI agents? Consider a simplified class Monster, representing an AI agent: class Monster { State state; // other fields omitted public void update(){ // called every game-loop cycle state.execute(this); } public void setState(State state){ this.state = state; } // irrelevant stuff omitted } There are several State subclasses implementing execute() differently. So far, classic State pattern. AI agents are subject to environmental effects and other objects communicating with them. For example, an AI agent might tell another AI agent to attack (i.e. agent.attack()). Or a fireball might tell an AI agent to fall down. This means that the agent must have methods such as attack() and fallDown(), or commonly some message receiving mechanism to understand such messages. With an FSM, the current State of the agent should be the one taking care of such method calls - i.e. the agent delegates to the current state upon every event. Is this correct? If correct, how is this done? Are all states obligated by their superclass to implement methods such as attack(), fallDown() etc., so the agent can always delegate to them on almost every event? Or is it done in some other way?

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  • Get the Latest Security Inside Out Newsletter, October Edition

    - by Troy Kitch
    The latest October edition of the Security Inside Out newsletter is now available and covers the following important security news: Securing Oracle Database 12c: A Technical Primer The new multitenant architecture of Oracle Database 12c calls for adopting an updated approach to database security. In response, Oracle security experts have written a new book that is expected to become a key resource for database administrators. Find out how to get a complimentary copy.  Read More HIPAA Omnibus Rule Is in Effect: Are You Ready? On September 23, 2013, the HIPAA Omnibus Rule went into full effect. To help Oracle’s healthcare customers ready their organizations for the new requirements, law firm Ballard Spahr LLP and the Oracle Security team hosted a webcast titled “Addressing the Final HIPAA Omnibus Rule and Securing Protected Health Information.” Find out three key changes affecting Oracle customers.  Read More The Internet of Things: A New Identity Management Paradigm By 2020, it’s predicted there will be 50 billion devices wirelessly connected to the internet, from consumer products to highly complex industrial and manufacturing equipment and processes. Find out the key challenges of protecting identity and data for the new paradigm called the Internet of Things.  Read More

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  • Is there a standard way to track 2d tile positions both locally and on screen?

    - by Magicked
    I'm building a 2D engine based on 32x32 tiles with OpenGL. OpenGL draws from the top left, so Y coordinates go down the screen as they increase. Obviously this is different than a standard graph where Y coordinates move up as they increase. I'm having trouble determining how I want to track positions for both sprites and tile objects (objects that are collections of tiles). My brain wants to set the world position as the bottom left of the object and track every object this way. The problem with this is I would have to translate it to an on screen position on rendering. The positive with this is I could easily visualize (especially in the case of objects made of multiple tiles) how something is structured and needs to be built. Are there standard ways for doing this? Should I just suck it up and get used to positions beginning in the top left? Here are the OpenGL calls to start rendering: // enable textures since we're going to use these for our sprites glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); // enable alpha blending glEnable(GL_BLEND); glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); // disable the OpenGL depth test since we're rendering 2D graphics glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glOrtho(0, WIDTH, HEIGHT, 0, 1, -1); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); I assume I need to change: glOrtho(0, WIDTH, HEIGHT, 0, 1, -1); to: glOrtho(0, WIDTH, 0, HEIGHT, 1, -1);

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  • Creating a steady rhythm for music-based game in XNA

    - by A-Type
    I'm looking to develop a game for Windows Phone to explore an idea I had which involves the user building notes into a sequencer while playing a puzzle game. The issue I'm running into is that, while my implementation is very close to being on-beat, there is the occasional pause between beats which makes the whole thing sound sloppy. I'm just not sure how to get around this inside XNA's infrastructure. Currently I'm running this code in the Update method of my GameBoard: public void Update(GameTime gameTime) { onBeat = IsOnBeat(gameTime); [...] if (onBeat) BeatUpdate(); } private bool IsOnBeat(GameTime gameTime) { beatTime += gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; if (Math.Abs(beatTime - beatLength) < 0.0166666) { beatTime -= beatLength; return true; } return false; } private void BeatUpdate() { cursor.BeatUpdate(); board.CursorPass((int)cursor.CursorPosition % Board.GRID_WIDTH); } Update checks to see if the time is on beat, and if it is, it calls the BeatUpdate method which moves the cursor over the board (sequencer). The cursor reports its X position to the board, which then plays any notes which are in that position on the sequencer. Notes are SoundEffectInstances, preloaded and ready to play. Oh, and TargetElapsedTime is set to 166666, or 60FPS target. Obviously totaling up the time and then subtracting isn't the most accurate way to go but I can't figure out a way to work within XNA's system in order to overcome this issue. This current system is just horribly unstable. Beats lag and fire too early and it's obvious. I thought about perhaps some sort of threaded solution but I'm not familiar enough with multithreading to figure out how that would work. Any ideas?

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  • Sub-systems in game engines

    - by Hillel
    So here's the problem- I'm writing my own engine library, and it works fine with stuff like menus and the actual game screen. The thing is, I can't really figure out how to integrate something like an intro or dialogue preceding certain levels into this system. Let's look at another example- say I have a game-specific engine which gets a Level object and runs it. Engine would have its own collision and physics system, all hard coded. Now, what if at some point in a level, I want the player to enter a mini-game with different rules? How do I morph the Engine class to support these sub-systems without having to deal with their code all the time (as in: if(regular game) ... else if(mini game) ...)? And what if I want an intro animation at the start of a level, and I want the player to be able to assume control of his character once the animation ends, do I implement the animation into the Engine class itself? Or maybe I need to run another class, CutScene, and when it ends, it calls Engine and starts the level? What if I want to add a dialogue system, where at the start of each level there's a short dialogue and the player can't control his character, and once it ends, he can? Would I then run the dialogue code inside the Engine code? Maybe these sub-systems should all be scripted? I don't know anything about scripting, is it necessary for this kind of situation? Any help would be appreciated.

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