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• Configure Cisco Pix 515 with DMZ and no NAT

  - by Rickard

  I hope that someone could shed some light over my situation, as I am fairly new to PIX configurations. I will be getting a new net for my department, which I am going to configure. At my hands, I have a Cisco PIX 515 (not E), a Cisco 2948 switch (and if needed, I can bring up a 2621XM router, but this is my private and not owned by my dept.). The network I will be getting is the following: 10.12.33.0/26 Link net between the ISP routers and my network will be 10.12.32.0/29 where GW is .1 and HSRP roututers are .2 and .3 The ISP has asked me not to NAT the addresses on my side, as they will set it up to give 10.12.33.2 as a one-to-one nat to a public IP. The rest of the IP's will be a many-to-one NAT to another public IP. 10.12.33.2 is supposed to be my server placed on the DMZ, the rest of the IP's will be used for my clients and the AD server (which is currently also acting as a DHCP server in the old network config with another ISP). Now, the question is, how would I best configure this? I mean, am I thinking wrong here, I am expected to put the PIX first from the ISP outlet, then to the switch which will connect my clients. But with the ISP routers being on a different network, how will the firewall forward the packets to the other network, it's a firewall, not a router. I have actually never configured a pix before, and fortunately, this is more like a lab network, not a production network, so if something goes wrong it's not the end of the world, if though annoying. I am not asking for a full configuration from anyone, just some directions, or possibly some links which will give me some hints. Thank you very much!

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• Network Load Balancing, intermittent port problem

  - by Jimmy Chandra

  Trying to troubleshoot an intermittent problem. I think it might be related to an NLB issue. We are using Windows Network Load Balancing to balance load for our multiserver SharePoint front ends. Say... Web Front End 1 IP is 192.168.1.100 and Web Front End 2 IP is 192.168.1.101, the NLB is setup to load balance both WFE servers on any incoming traffic to the IP 192.168.1.200. Sometimes we got an intermittent issue where when we try to access the SharePoint site using 192.168.1.200:8080 (say the site is set up to run on port 8080) from a remote client, it will display page not found. Pinging the 192.168.1.200 will give responses, but when trying to telnet to 192.168.1.200:8080 it just won't connect. However, browsing the SharePoint site directly on individual WFE (192.168.1.100 and 192.168.1.101) show no problem whatsoever. My guess also (we didn't get a chance to try it yet, but I think it should work), if I try connecting remotely to individual server, it will respond just fine. But any attempt on trying to connect using the virtual IP (192.168.1.200) will fail miserably. Funny thing is, after a while it will return back to normal. Anyone had similar experience with this type of problem while implementing NLB before? We are doing this in a virtual environment.

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• What does a DHCP-client consider to be the "best" answer?

  - by Nils

  We have training rooms where normally Windows XP is installed (via PXE). The "normal" DNS/DHCP infrastructure are Windows-Servers. The training room has its own VLAN (different from the Windows servers), so there is most propably an IP helper for DHCP requests active on the Cisco router where all PCs from that room are connected to. Now we wanted to convert some of the PCs to Linux instead. The idea was: Put our own Laptop with a DHCP server into the VLAN of the room and override the "normal" DHCP response. The idea was that this should work, since a directly attached DHCP server in that VLAN should have a faster response-time than the "normal" DHCP server located some hops away from that VLAN. It turned out that this did not work. We had to manually release the lease on the original DHCP server to get it working. On the Laptop we did see the client requesting the IP and "our" dhcp was sending NACKs to the Windows IP request, before that we did offer our own response. Old Question: Why did this not work out as expected? What is making the PC regain its old lease? Update 2012-08-08: The regain-issue has been explained in the DHCP-RFC. Now this explains why the PC regains its old lease. Now we do release the IP from the Windows-DHCP-server before giving it another try. Again - the Windows-DHCP-server wins. I suspect that there is some algorithm for the dhcp-client which determines the "best" dhcp-answer for the client. The new question is: How does the client choose the "best" answer?

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• One Comcast Business Gateway, One Router, Two Web Servers

  - by Kevin Scheidt

  I have a Comcast business account with a router and a web server (info) attached. behind the router there are multiple computers and a second web server (info) which also serves as a file server. (info) has two nics in it. One direct to comcast and one connected to the router. It needs to serve the world it's websites. It needs however, to also be able to see all the internal computers and (com)'s served files. With just 1 nic (the one connected to the router, not comcast), (info) works fine but no one outside can see it. (com) services port 80 and (info) needs to handle port 80 as well. I have two domain names registered, and 5 static ip's from comcast. right now h t t p: / /www.graceamazing.com handled by (com) works fine and h t t p: / /www.graceamazing.com:1307 handled by (info) works fine. but as soon as I enable the 2nd nic in (info) h t t p: / /www.graceamazing.info runs extremely slow (Horribly slow). however, h t t p: / /www.graceamazing.com:1307 and .com work fine. (com) has an ip address via the router 70.89.233.41 (info) has a ip addy of 70.89.233.46 via comcast (2nd nic) and a internal ip of 192.168.x.100 via static behind the router. Any suggestions or changes to make that will make h t t p: / /www.graceamazing.info perform with the same speed it has when going through h t t p: / /graceamazing.com:1307 is there a setting I should check / could have misssed?

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• Windows server 2008R2 routing with single NIC

  - by Fabian

  I'm trying to duplicate a Linux server configuration to a windows server 2008R2 box. Basicaly this linux server acts as a router, but it is doing its job with only 1 interface (1 NIC). Here is the network configuration in place (I cannot change it) : INTERNET <== Router (local ip = 194.168.0.3) <== linux Server (ip : 194.168.0.2). The router is configured with a DMZ to 194.168.0.2, and only allow this IP to connect to internet (Cannot change this router configuration). The linux server is configured with a default gateway to 194.168.0.3, with the option : "Act as router". All other computer on the lan have this configuration (given by DHCP) : IP range : 194.168.0.X MASK : 255.255.255.0 Default gateway : 194.168.0.2 And everything is working perfectly. I'm trying to reproduce this way of routing with only one NIC from a windows server 2008R2, but it seems that you cannnot do it with only one NIC (all exemples I see are refering to 2 NIC with 2 different network). Does someone have an idea how to achieved this in Windows server 2008R2 ? Tx you for your help ! Fabian.

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• ntop to analyse bandwidth usage on multiple ASA 5505

  - by dunxd

  I have set up a netflow server at our data centre, which is connected via VPN to ~40 remote offices using Cisco ASA 5505. The aim is to analyse usage data and find out exactly how the remote connections are being used. I followed through http://techowto.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/ntop-guide.pdf to set up ntop and https://supportforums.cisco.com/docs/DOC-6114 to set up the ASAs. I can see from the Plugin Netflow Statistics page that netflow packets from my ASAs are being received - the counter is increasing. However, I am not seeing any breakdown on the Global Traffic Statistic page after switching to the Netflow interface. I'm just seeing a pie chart showing 100% traffic for eth0. The interfaces and documentation are a little hard to follow so I am not sure I have got things configured correctly. When setting up my NetFlow-device.2 I can specify Virtual NetFlow Interface Network Address - the web UI says This value is in the form of a network address and mask on the network where the actual NetFlow probe is located. is this a Network address (e.g. 192.168.0.0/24) or an actual host IP address (192.167.0.1/24)? If that should be a network address, is this the network in which one of my ASAs is or the network in which my ntop server is? If a host IP address, is this the IP address used by eth0 on my ntop server, the IP address of an ASA, or something else? Do I need a separate virtual interface for each ASA I am collecting netflow data from? Any guidance would be greatly welcome.

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• Windows Explorer slow to open networked computer, fast to navigate once opened

  - by Scott Noyes

  I open Windows Explorer and enter an IP for a computer on my home network (\\192.168.1.101). It takes 30 seconds or more to present a list of the shared folders. It does not appear to be an initial handshaking/authentication thing; even if I allow the view to load and then immediately load the same again, it is always slow. Once they appear, navigating through folders and opening files is fast. Also, navigating directly to a folder (\\192.168.1.101\My Music) is fast, even if it's the first connection since a restart. Using \\computerName instead of the IP address gives exactly the same results. Pings return in 1ms. net view \\computerName (or \ipAddress) returns the list of shared folders fast. This makes me suspect an Explorer issue rather than a network issue. Suspecting that the remote computer was being automatically indexed or something, I went into Tools-Folder Options-View and unchecked "Automatically search for network folders and printers," but that made no difference. De-selecting the "Folders" icon near the address bar makes no difference. Adding the IP address and computer name to the hosts file makes no difference. Both computers involved are laptops running Windows XP. Both have WiFi and cable adapters. Mine is not connected via cable. The result is the same whether the target is plugged in to the cable or not (although the IP address changes - 192.168.1.101 over cable, 192.168.1.103 over WiFi.) We are using DHCP assigned by the router.

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• Simple options for port forwarding to a different port?

  - by Nick

  I have three network printers at our local office, all of which listen on port 9100. Non of them offer the option of changing the listening port. We have a single public static IP address, and access to our main network is through a Linksys WRT-54G. We need to be able to print to these printers from outside the office. The problem is, with the 54G, I can only forward a port to the SAME port on a particular IP address. What I really need though is a way to forward to an ip address and a DIFFERENT port. I need to do this: In port Destination 9100 192.168.1.1 : 9100 9101 192.168.1.2 : 9100 9102 192.168.1.3 : 9100 So I'm looking for options. I could setup an old computer with two network cards and IPtables I suppose, but that seems like a lot of overhead for something relatively simple. Is there a way a virtual machine (read: one network card) could do the advanced port forwarding? Where I forward all traffic to it, and it forwards it on to the right printer? Or what about those mini Linux distros that replace the WRT-54G's firmware? Do any of those support what I need "out of the box"? I have a spare WRT- could I make it an IP tables router? Recommendations for mini distros? Or is there an off-the-shelf product that does this (cheap/local preferred)? Any advice / options appreciated. Thanks!

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• DNS issue for internal website routing internet connection from remote location

  - by Michael Paul

  I have an issue that I could use some help with. Our company has a main location and a remote location. Previously, the remote location was connected to the main location through an internet connection VPN tunnel. The connection was pitifully slow at 1.5Mbps, so we upgraded it with a 75Mbps direct link. That meant the remote location lost it's internet access, so we routed their access through the main office internet connection. Everything works perfect except for one thing. The website we host is not accessible from the remote location unless the IP address is used. If I do NSLOOKUP on our website address from a machine connected to the main location network, it resolves correctly to the inside IP address. However, if I do the same from a remote location machine, it resolves to the website's outside IP address. Our internal DNS server(s) have a pointer and CNAME records set up, and everything was working perfectly before the connection was upgraded. In addition, the remote location has a domain controller, DNS server and DHCP server to service these requests at the remote location and prevent these requests from getting routed back and forth over the link. So I think was it happening is that for some reason the DNS server at the remote location is not resolving our website name correctly and passing the requests on to the routers, which then push the request out to the internet DNS system. That resolves the name to our external IP. This is purely a DNS issue, everything else works just fine. I am just stumped on this one. Any ideas on how to fix this? Edit: I forgot to mention that at the remote side of the link is a Cisco ASA-5505 and at the main office there is a Cisco ASA-5510. The link is connected between these 2 devices and the routing is handled in the 5510. Thanks, Michael

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• Squid with mikrotik router

  - by niren

  I tried to connect squid3 in my network to use high anonymity proxy. This is how my network is right now WAN LINK | ------------- ----------------------------- | Mikrotik Box | | Ubuntu Server with squid3 | ------------- ----------------------------- | / | / ---------------------- | Switch ( Cheap one ) | ---------------------- | | | Client1 Client2 Client3 etc. after this setup I changed squid.conf in Ubuntu server as http_port 8080 acl localhost src xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx(Ubuntu server IP) acl to_localhost dst xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx(Mikrotik router gateway) I assume that redirected http from Mikrotik router will be redirect again to Mikrotik router. uncomment access log /var/log/squid3/access.log add visible_hostname myname save squid.conf and restart squid3 server. Then I have added nat rule in Mikrotik router ip/firewall/nat 1. add chain=dstnat src_address=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx(ununtu server IP) dst-port=80 protocol=tcp action=accept 2. add chain=dstnat src_address=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/28(LAN address) dst-port=80 protocol=tcp action=dst-nat to-address=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx(ununtu server IP) to-port=8080 now I can not able to access internet from client1 system, If I remove these two nat rule then I can access internet. what is wrong I have made?

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• How to route to a secondary interface on the same physical ethernet?

  - by sjose3612611

  INTERNET<->(wan)BRIDGED_DEVICE(lan)<->ETH_ROUTER<->LAN Problem: Need to access web server on BRIDGED_DEVICE's LAN from INTERNET via ROUTER (BRIDGED_DEVICE's web server cannot be accessed form INTERNET since it has no Public management IP). Cannot configure bridged device. It has a static IP on its LAN to which its web server binds. Attempt: Create a secondary/alias WAN Interface on ETH_ROUTER (e.g Primary: eth0.1 (for internet access) and Secondary: eth0.2 (for accessing web server on BRIDGED_DEVICE), (No VLANs). eth0.1 has a public IP; eth0.2 has a static private IP in the BRIDGED_DEVICE's subnet (e.g 10.0.X.Y). Iptables on ETH_ROUTER: Added a port forward (DNAT) from eth0.1 to eth0.2: iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -i eth0.1 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.0.X.Y iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o eth0.2 -s 10.0.X.0/24 -j MASQUERADE Stateful firewall w/ overall drop policy on FORWARD chain, hence: iptables -I FORWARD -i eth0.1 -d 10.0.X.Y -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT Can ping from ETH_ROUTER to BRIDGED_DEVICE but unable to reach the web server from Internet. I see packet cont increasing for the DNAT rule but not sure where it disappears in the ETH_ROUTER after that. ETH_ROUTER is the only device that can be configured to achieve this. If familiar with this scenario, please suggest what I may be missing or doing wrong here or suggest techniques to debug?

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• Why am I unable to reach local network computers, but able to browse the web?

  - by Igor Zinov'yev

  I have a weird problem. Today after turning my Ubuntu 9.10 PC on I can't connect to my local network, but I can use the Internet. We have a single Windows 2003 server machine that acts as a local main DNS server, DHCP server and a domain controller. Although it seems to give me the local IP address, I can not ping it, as well as any other machine on the net. I have tried all of the below and it didn't help: Rebooting; Reconnecting to the network; Forcing the dhclient to renew the IP address; Deleting and creating new connection profiles; Plugging my machine into another network outlet; Maybe it has something to do with routing, because I have tampered with routing tables the day before, but the tables seem ok to me: $ route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 vboxnet0 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 Our LAN uses a D-Link DI-604 router, and it looks to me as if I am connected to the network outside the router. I can not even access its administration page. Please at least suggest what I can do to solve this. P.S. What seems strangest to me is that I can access the PC in question from outside the network by opening a port on the router. I have managed to ssh to it from outside, but I still can't ping nothing on the inside. P.P.S Today I tried reinstalling network-manager with --purge option, but it did no good. After that I created a new DCHP reservation for my PC in order to change my local IP, but that didn't change anything either. My PC is able to get a DHCP offer, but then it's unable to connect to any local computers. I am desperate.

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• Windows 7 VPN Error 619

  - by TravisPUK

  So I am running Windows 7 Enterprise. This morning I was able to VPN using the built in VPN (Connect to Work Network etc). I had to change my network's IP address range and now the VPN will not work. It just stalls on the Verifying user name and password... message. But then it returns the 619 error. Anybody know why changing my machine's IP address would cause this problem? Where should I be looking to try and fix this issue? I have tried this on a Windows XP machine that also had the IP address range change and this still connects fine using exactly the same connection details. EDIT The internal network range changed from 192.x.x.x to 10.x.x.x. This was done on the entire Active Directory. All machines are running fine and the Windows XP machine, that works going to the same client VPN mentioned above is on the same network. Both the XP and the Win 7 machines are using DHCP served by the Domain Controller. The client domain is not performing any IP range checks/restrictions. The VPN is outside the internal network, connection is being made via the Internet and not passing through any other machine, other than the normal domain machines, ie DNS etc. This is passing through a router and the router has the relevant VPN passthrough options configured. All internal machines are working correctly with other forms of VPN, ie Cisco, Sonic etc (these were tested on other machines, they are not installed on the Vista or Win7 machines). After further testing, this is occurring on all Win7 and Vista machines where they can no longer connect to the client VPN, however all XP machines can still connect fine. This has been tested on three Vista, two Win7 and five XP machines. All machines are on DHCP and tests have been done with both the firewalls turned on and off, as well as with fixed IPs being used. Thanks Travis

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• Cisco ASA 8.2 ACL For NAT

  - by javano

  Sadly I have gone back in time to ASA 8.2(5)33 which I am not so familiar with. I have configured NAT between two interfaces but traffic isn't passing becasue I can't get the ACL to work; (The full config which isn't very big is here but to keep this post tidy I have just pasted the important parts below); interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 108 ! interface Ethernet0/6 switchport access vlan 104 ! interface Ethernet0/7 switchport access vlan 105 ! interface Vlan104 description BUILDING2 nameif BUILDING2 security-level 0 ip address 10.104.0.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan105 description BUILDING1 nameif BUILDING1 security-level 0 ip address 10.105.0.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan108 description Main LAN VLAN nameif lan security-level 0 ip address 172.22.0.215 255.255.255.0 ! object-group network obj_net_Remote_Hosts network-object host 111.111.111.3 network-object host 111.111.111.65 object-group network obj_host_pc1_eth1 network-object host 10.104.0.111 object-group network obj_host_pc2_eth1 network-object host 10.104.0.112 object-group network obj_host_pc3_eth1 network-object host 10.104.0.106 object-group network obj_host_pc4_eth1 network-object host 10.104.0.107 object-group network obj_net_PCs description IPs of PCs group-object obj_host_pc1_eth1 group-object obj_host_pc2_eth1 group-object obj_host_pc3_eth1 group-object obj_host_pc4_eth1 access-list acl_NAT_pc1_91 extended permit tcp host 10.104.0.111 host 111.111.111.3 eq 8101 access-list acl_Permit_PCs extended permit tcp object-group obj_net_PCs object-group obj_net_Remote_Hosts eq 8101 ! global (BUILDING1) 11 111.111.222.91 netmask 255.255.255.255 nat (BUILDING2) 11 access-list acl_NAT_pc1_91 access-group acl_Permit_PCs in interface BUILDING2 route BUILDING1 111.111.111.3 255.255.255.255 10.105.0.2 1 route BUILDING1 111.111.111.65 255.255.255.255 10.105.0.2 1 When I try and connect from PC1 to ip 111.111.111.3 I see the following error logged on the ASA console; %ASA-2-106001: Inbound TCP connection denied from 10.104.0.111/38495 to 111.111.111.3/8101 flags SYN on interface blades What the duce!

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• Windows server 2008R2 routing with single NIC

  - by Fabian

  I'm trying to duplicate a Linux server configuration to a windows server 2008R2 box. Basicaly this linux server acts as a router, but it is doing its job with only 1 interface (1 NIC). Here is the network configuration in place (I cannot change it) : INTERNET <== Router (local ip = 194.168.0.3) <== linux Server (ip : 194.168.0.2). The router is configured with a DMZ to 194.168.0.2, and only allow this IP to connect to internet (Cannot change this router configuration). The linux server is configured with a default gateway to 194.168.0.3, with the option : "Act as router". All other computer on the lan have this configuration (given by DHCP) : IP range : 194.168.0.X MASK : 255.255.255.0 Default gateway : 194.168.0.2 And everything is working perfectly. I'm trying to reproduce this way of routing with only one NIC from a windows server 2008R2, but it seems that you cannnot do it with only one NIC (all exemples I see are refering to 2 NIC with 2 different network). Does someone have an idea how to achieved this in Windows server 2008R2 ? Tx you for your help ! Fabian.

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• ipmi - can't ping or remotely connect

  - by Fidel

  I've tried configuring the IPMI controller to accept remote connections, but I can't even ping it. Here is it status: #/usr/local/bin/ipmitool lan print 2 Set in Progress : Set Complete Auth Type Support : NONE PASSWORD Auth Type Enable : Callback : : User : NONE PASSWORD : Operator : PASSWORD : Admin : PASSWORD : OEM : IP Address Source : Static Address IP Address : 192.168.1.112 Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0 MAC Address : 00:a0:a5:67:45:25 IP Header : TTL=0x40 Flags=0x40 Precedence=0x00 TOS=0x10 BMC ARP Control : ARP Responses Enabled, Gratuitous ARP Enabled Gratituous ARP Intrvl : 8.0 seconds Default Gateway IP : 192.168.1.1 Default Gateway MAC : 00:00:00:00:00:00 802.1q VLAN ID : Disabled 802.1q VLAN Priority : 0 RMCP+ Cipher Suites : 0,1,2,3 Cipher Suite Priv Max : uaaaXXXXXXXXXXX : X=Cipher Suite Unused : c=CALLBACK : u=USER : o=OPERATOR : a=ADMIN : O=OEM # /usr/local/bin/ipmitool user list 2 ID Name Enabled Callin Link Auth IPMI Msg Channel Priv Limit 1 true false true true USER 2 admin true false true true ADMINISTRATOR # /usr/local/bin/ipmitool channel getaccess 2 2 Maximum User IDs : 5 Enabled User IDs : 2 User ID : 2 User Name : admin Fixed Name : No Access Available : callback Link Authentication : enabled IPMI Messaging : enabled Privilege Level : ADMINISTRATOR # /usr/local/bin/ipmitool channel info 2 Channel 0x2 info: Channel Medium Type : 802.3 LAN Channel Protocol Type : IPMB-1.0 Session Support : multi-session Active Session Count : 0 Protocol Vendor ID : 7154 Volatile(active) Settings Alerting : disabled Per-message Auth : disabled User Level Auth : disabled Access Mode : always available Non-Volatile Settings Alerting : disabled Per-message Auth : disabled User Level Auth : disabled Access Mode : always available # /usr/local/bin/ipmitool chassis status System Power : on Power Overload : false Power Interlock : inactive Main Power Fault : false Power Control Fault : false Power Restore Policy : unknown Last Power Event : Chassis Intrusion : inactive Front-Panel Lockout : inactive Drive Fault : false Cooling/Fan Fault : false # arp Address HWtype HWaddress Flags Mask Iface 192.168.1.112 ether 00:A0:A5:67:45:25 C bond0 # /usr/local/bin/ipmitool -I lan -H 192.168.1.112 -U admin -P admin chassis power status Error: Unable to establish LAN session Unable to get Chassis Power Status In summary. It exists on the ARP list so arp's are being broadcast. I can't ping it and can't connect to it. Can anyone spot any glaring mistakes in the configuration? Many thanks, Fidel

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• Ubuntu Server attack? how to solve?

  - by saky

  Hello, Something (Someone) is sending out UDP packets sent from our whole ip range. This seems to be multicast DNS. Our server host provided this (Our IP Address is masked with XX): Jun 3 11:02:13 webserver kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:00:30:48:94:46:c4:08:00 SRC=193.23X.21X.XX DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=73 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=53 Jun 3 11:02:23 webserver kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:00:30:48:94:46:c4:08:00 SRC=193.23X.21X.XX DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=73 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=53 Jun 3 11:02:32 webserver kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:00:30:48:94:46:c4:08:00 SRC=193.23X.21X.XX DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=73 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=53 Jun 3 11:02:35 webserver kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:00:30:48:94:46:c4:08:00 SRC=193.23X.21X.XX DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=73 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=53 I checked my /var/log/auth.log file and found out that someone from China (Using ip-locator) was trying to get in to the server using ssh. ... Jun 3 11:32:00 server2 sshd[28511]: Failed password for root from 202.100.108.25 port 39047 ssh2 Jun 3 11:32:08 server2 sshd[28514]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.100.108.25 user=root Jun 3 11:32:09 server2 sshd[28514]: Failed password for root from 202.100.108.25 port 39756 ssh2 Jun 3 11:32:16 server2 sshd[28516]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.100.108.25 user=root ... I have blocked that IP address using this command: sudo iptables -A INPUT -s 202.100.108.25 -j DROP However, I have no clue about the UDP multicasting, what is doing this? who is doing it? and how I can stop it? Anyone know?

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• Unable to receive emails from Ubuntu postfix mail server

  - by Paddington

  I am unable to receive emails on an Ubuntu 11.04 server running postfix with the Plesk control panel. I can't see the mails even on webmail. I am able to send emails and am not getting any error messages on the email client when I try to receive. Here is the output of the logs: *tail -f /usr/local/psa/var/log/maillog Aug 29 10:38:31 cp9 postfix/tlsmgr[3811]: fatal: open database /var/lib/postfix/smtpd_scache.db: Invalid argument Aug 29 10:38:32 cp9 postfix/master[27738]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/tlsmgr pid 3811 exit status 1 Aug 29 10:38:32 cp9 postfix/master[27738]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/tlsmgr: bad command startup -- throttling Aug 29 10:38:36 cp9 pop3d: Connection, ip=[::ffff:196.201.7.158] Aug 29 10:38:36 cp9 pop3d: IMAP connect from @ [::ffff:196.201.7.158]INFO: LOGIN, [email protected], ip=[::ffff:196.201.7.158] Aug 29 10:38:37 cp9 pop3d: 1346229517.874008 LOGOUT, [email protected], ip=[::ffff:196.201.7.158], top=0, retr=0, time=1, rcvd=24, sent=1716, maildir=/var/qmail/mailnames/essentialhuku.co.za/earle/Maildir Aug 29 10:14:05 cp9 postfix/tlsmgr[1133]: fatal: open database /var/lib/postfix/smtpd_scache.db: Invalid argument Aug 29 10:14:06 cp9 postfix/master[27738]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/tlsmgr pid 1133 exit status 1 Aug 29 10:14:06 cp9 postfix/master[27738]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/tlsmgr: bad command startup -- throttling Aug 29 10:14:08 cp9 pop3d: Connection, ip=[::ffff:196.201.7.158

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• how would it be possible to discover a cable modem's MAC remotely?

  - by amateurenthusiast

  i was reading the back archives of a canadian privacy law blog, and he linked to a judicial decision. apparently as part of an investigation in which were used yahoo chat and google's old 'hello' image trading program the officer was able to determine a suspect's modem's MAC address: In order to determine who STEPHTOSH was, the officer did a trace on a programme called WHO IS in an effort to learn from where STEPHTOSH was coming. WHO IS is a command program available to the public. The officer was able to ascertain that the person using the name STEPHTOSH was a Rogers Internet customer. The officer was able to obtain the Internet Protocol address, also known as the I.P. There is only one location for an I.P., which is unique to that subscriber. By use of the website known as DNS STUFF.com, one is able to find with which company this I.P. is registered. It was ascertained that the I.P. address used by STEPHTOSH was registered to Rogers Cable, from the Toronto area. The officer also learned the Cable Modem MAC address used by STEPHTOSH. This was all the information the officer was able to amass. now it was my understanding that the MAC address of any given device can only be accessed if you're only one 'hop' away on the Internet. the suspect in question was in Markham and the officer part of the Toronto Police, so it's conceivable that they both might have used Rogers internet. but would that still put them only one 'hop' away from each other? i thought the first hop after the modem was usually the ISP? and if he'd used a netBIOS query against this guy's machine it would return the ethernet card's MAC, not the modem's. so is this guy on the same rogers subnet as the suspect's cable modem, is that functionality part of google's Hello (i could only think that it would be possible if Hello operated as a virtual LAN or something), does the officer have remote access to the arp caches of the routers at Rogers or is he just full of crap and lying to make his case stronger?

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• RDP or SSH connection trough Windows 2008 server VPN hang after a while

  - by xt4fs

  I have been experiencing a very strange issue with our VPN setup on Windows Server 2008. That server is running as a Xen Virtual Machine. We use it for two purposes, permit our mobile workers to connect to another server hosted somewhere else that only allow that ip, and use it to RDP or ssh to many other virtual machine on the same server. The server has no performance issue and still a load of memory free. All other virtual machine has no problem whatsoever. Many of those virtual machine have public IP (web servers) and all their firewall are set to allow only ssh connection or RDP connection from their local interface. When I am connecting directly with either ssh or RDP to one of the other virtual machine everything run without any issues. However, when I am doing so through the VPN after some time the connection just hang, it usually continue after some time (5 or 10 minutes). It seems as more there is network usage more often it happen to a point where it is completely unusable. The worst thing I can do to hang it faster is to actually ping the vpn client IP from the local network, after some time the latency increase until it hang. This happen even if I do RDP to the local ip of the VPN server trough the VPN. The server report no problem and if I disconnect to the vpn and reconnect right away everything is alright. There is nothing wrong in the VPN server log. I have taught at the beginning that it could have been an issue with the Host server so I try to RDP,ssh directly to the guest and I have experience no issue while doing this, so it really seems to be a problem with the VPN server on Windows server 2008. Another very weird thing is it does not seems to be of any issue if you only do Internet (NAT) without trying to connect to any local ips.

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• 553-Message filtered - HELO Name issue?

  - by g18c

  I am having major issues sending from my SBS2011 machine to Message labs server-13.tower-134.messagelabs.com #553-Message filtered. Refer to the Troubleshooting page at 553-http://www.symanteccloud.com/troubleshooting for more 553 information. (#5.7.1) ## I have changed the IP and hostnames from the below. I am not on any IP or domain blacklists. I have setup SPF (which includes mailchimp servers): v=spf1 mx a ip4:95.74.157.22/32 a:remote.mydomain.com include:servers.mcsv.net ~all I am sure i have setup my HELO names correctly under the Exchange Management console, sending a test email from the SBS server and looking at the header shows the following: X-Orig-To: [email protected] X-Originating-Ip: [95.74.157.22] Received: from [95.74.157.22] ([95.74.157.22:52194] helo=remote.mydomain.com) by smtp50.gate.ord1a.rsapps.net (envelope-from <[email protected]>) (ecelerity 2.2.3.49 r(42060/42061)) with ESMTP id 11/90-10010-E529C835; Mon, 02 Jun 2014 11:04:09 -0400 Received: from MYSBSSVR.mydomain.local ([fe80::3159:95a6:23f:1bef]) by MYSBSSVR.mydomain.local ([fe80::3159:95a6:23f:1bef%10]) with mapi id 14.01.0438.000; Mon, 2 Jun 2014 19:03:56 +0400 Is is the main helo name there OK and do i need to worry about the second Received block where the MYSBSVR.mydomain.local is mentioned? I have asked the ISP to set the reverse DNS for my IP to remote.mydomain.com but they have instead put remote.MYDOMAIN.com - would this case cause HELO lookups to classify this as not matching? Anything else I can do to find out why i am being filtered?

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• Options for small windows network setup without dedicated server?

  - by Mitch

  I'm very weak on networking and hope someone can point me in the right direction: I have written some windows client/server software which incorporates a database which is located on a windows server. I have a test installation running at a customer's office where the server has a static IP address. In this case its easy for the clients to access the database because of the fixed IP address. Also, customers with network servers generally have specialist support staff to set up my software, so its not such a problem for me. However I also need to offer the software to customers who have small offices with less than 10 PCs and no dedicated network server. In this case I want the customer to be able to nominate one PC as the database "server" and install my software and have the clients access it. But in this situation I believe the "server" PC may not have a dedicated IP address. Q1: What is the best way to set this up simply and make it work? Can I reliably reference the "server" by using its name, or is there a way to assign dummy fixed IP addresses? Ideally this needs to be workable on small networks running a mixture of XP/Vista/Windows7 as my target market may well have mixed OSes etc. I guess this would be akin to home networking? Many thanks Mitch

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• How to prioritize openvpn traffic?

  - by aditsu

  I have an openvpn server, with one network interface. VPN traffic is extremely slow. I tried to do traffic control with this configuration (currently): qdisc del dev eth0 root qdisc add dev eth0 root handle 1: htb default 12 class add dev eth0 parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate 900mbit #vpn class add dev eth0 parent 1:1 classid 1:10 htb rate 1500kbit ceil 3000kbit prio 1 #local net class add dev eth0 parent 1:1 classid 1:11 htb rate 10mbit ceil 900mbit prio 2 #other class add dev eth0 parent 1:1 classid 1:12 htb rate 500kbit ceil 1000kbit prio 2 filter add dev eth0 protocol ip parent 1:0 prio 1 u32 match ip sport 1194 0xffff flowid 1:10 filter add dev eth0 protocol ip parent 1:0 prio 2 u32 match ip dst 192.168.10.0/24 flowid 1:11 qdisc add dev eth0 parent 1:10 handle 10: sfq perturb 10 qdisc add dev eth0 parent 1:11 handle 11: sfq perturb 10 qdisc add dev eth0 parent 1:12 handle 12: sfq perturb 10 But it's still extremely slow. I have an imaps connection that keeps transferring data continuously (I successfully limited the rate) but with openvpn I can't seem to get more than about 100kbit/s The internet connection speed is about 3mbit/s (symmetric) What could be the problem? Does the sport filter work for udp?

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• Network Load Balancing, intermittent port problem on Windows Server 2008

  - by Jimmy Chandra

  Trying to troubleshoot an intermittent problem on a Windows Server 2008 NLB. I think it might be related to an NLB issue. We are using Windows Network Load Balancing to balance load for our multiserver SharePoint front ends. Say... Web Front End 1 IP is 192.168.1.100 and Web Front End 2 IP is 192.168.1.101, the NLB is setup to load balance both WFE servers on any incoming traffic to the IP 192.168.1.200. Sometimes we got an intermittent issue where when we try to access the SharePoint site using 192.168.1.200:8080 (say the site is set up to run on port 8080) from a remote client, it will display page not found. Pinging the 192.168.1.200 will give responses, but when trying to telnet to 192.168.1.200:8080 it just won't connect. However, browsing the SharePoint site directly on individual WFE (192.168.1.100 and 192.168.1.101) show no problem whatsoever. My guess also (we didn't get a chance to try it yet, but I think it should work), if I try connecting remotely to individual server, it will respond just fine. But any attempt on trying to connect using the virtual IP (192.168.1.200) will fail miserably. Funny thing is, after a while it will return back to normal. Anyone had similar experience with this type of problem while implementing NLB before? We are doing this in a virtual environment.

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• Windows 2008 R2 Servers Sending Arp Requests for IPs outside Subnet

  - by Kyle Brandt

  By running a packet capture on my my routers I see some of my servers sending ARP requests for IPs that exist outside of its network. For example if my network is: Network: 8.8.8.0/24 Gateway: 8.8.8.1 (MAC: 00:21:9b:aa:aa:aa) Example Server: 8.8.8.20 (MAC: 00:21:9b:bb:bb:bb) By running a capture on the interface that has 8.8.8.1 I see requests like: Sender Mac: 00:21:9b:bb:bb:bb Sender IP: 8.8.8.20 Target MAC: 00:21:9b:aa:aa:aa Target IP: 69.63.181.58 Anyone seen this behavior before? My understanding of ARP is that requests should only go out for IPs within the subnet... Am I confused in my understanding of ARP? If I am not confused, anyone seen this behavior? Also, these seem to happen in bursts and it doesn't happen when I do something like ping an IP outside of the network. Update: In response to Ian's questions. I am not running anything like Hyper-V. I have multiple interfaces but only one is active (Using BACS failover teaming). The subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 (Even if it were something different it wouldn't explain an IP like 69.63.181.58). When I run MS Network Monitor or wireshark I do not see these ARP requests. What happens is that on the router capturing I see a burst of about 10 requests for IPs outside of the network from the host machine. On the machine itself using wireshark or NetMon I see a flood of ARP responses for all the machines on the network. However, I don't see any requests in the capture asking for those responses. So it seems like maybe it is maybe refreshing the arp cache but including IPs that outside of the network. Also when it does this NetMon doesn't show the ARP requests?

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