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• Forwarding ports with ssh on Linux

  - by Patrick Klingemann

  I have a database server, let's call it: dbserver I have a web server with access to my dbserver, let's call it: webserver I have a development machine that I'd like to use to access a database on dbserver, let's call it: dev dbserver has a firewall rule set to allow TCP requests from webserver to dbserver:1433 I'd like to set up a tunnel from dev:1433 to dbserver:1433, so all requests to 1433 on dev are passed along to dbserver:1433 My sshd_config on webserver has the following rules set: AllowTcpForwarding yes GatewayPorts yes This is what I've tried: ssh -v -L localhost:1433:dbserver:1433 webserver In another terminal: telnet localhost 1433 Results in: Trying ::1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. Connection closed by foreign host. Any idea what I'm doing wrong here? Thanks in advance!

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• IIS6 cannot start additional processes when page request is called from other than localhost

  - by awe

  I have a web application dll that is running under iis6. This is starting a number of processes to be able to handle more than one request at the time. This is working perfect in a numbers of installations. In this particular installation, it runs perfectly when initialized by a call in IE on the server using http://localhost/apppath . The problem is when the processes are from another location, i.e. another computer on the same network initialising the call throught http://servername/apppath . In this case, the initial dll running under iis is executing (proved by logging), but it fails to initialize the additional processes. If the additional processes are already initialized by a call from localhost, it also works when called from another machine (in this case, it is just attached to the existing processes).

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• Calling COM from Intel Fortran?

  - by user57460

  I'm trying to get COM working from my Fortran application. I do a "COMINITIALIZE" followed by a "COMCreateObjectByProgID". Both of these appear to be successful and return a status of zero. However, when I try to use the COM object, I get "Unhandled exception at 0x00000000 in FortranProg01.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation." I realize that this error can mean almost anything, but has anyone got some suggestions of common problems with COM that produce this problem? Here are some more details. My program code: program FortranProg01 use myolepg implicit none integer*4 comInitStatus integer:: comCreateStatus INTEGER(INT_PTR_KIND()) $OBJECT INTEGER(4) funcResult REAL(8) pkgVersion call COMINITIALIZE(comInitStatus) print *, comInitStatus call COMCreateObjectByProgID('MyOlePg.MyOlePkg', $OBJECT, comCreateStatus) print *, comCreateStatus funcResult = IMyOlePkg_GetPackageVersion($OBJECT, pkgVersion) print *, funcResult call COMUNINITIALIZE() end program FortranProg01 The wizard-generated interface code: INTERFACE !property PackageVersion INTEGER(4) FUNCTION IMyOlePkg_GetPackageVersion($OBJECT, pVal) INTEGER(INT_PTR_KIND()), INTENT(IN) :: $OBJECT ! Object Pointer !DEC$ ATTRIBUTES VALUE :: $OBJECT REAL(8), INTENT(OUT) :: pVal !DEC$ ATTRIBUTES REFERENCE :: pVal !DEC$ ATTRIBUTES STDCALL :: IMyOlePkg_GetPackageVersion END FUNCTION IMyOlePkg_GetPackageVersion END INTERFACE Any help would be much appreciated! Thanks! Brad.

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• What calls trigger a new batch?

  - by sebf

  I am finding my project is starting to show performance degradation and I need to optimize it. The answer to my previous question and this presentation from NVidia have helped greatly in understanding the performance characteristics of code using the GPU but there are a couple of things that aren't clear that I need to know to optimize my drawing. Specifically, what calls make the distinction between batches. I know that any state changes cause a new batch, so that includes: Render State Changes Buffer Changes Shader Changes Render Target Changes Correct? What else counts as a 'state change'? Does each Draw**Primitive() call constitute a new batch? Even if I were to issue the same call twice, with no state changes, or call it once on on part of the buffer, then again on another? If I were to update a buffer, but not change the bindings, would that be a new batch? That presentation and a DX9 page suggest using all of the texture slots available, which I take to mean loading multiple objects in 'parallel' by mapping their buffers/shaders/textures to slots 1-16. But I am not sure how this works - surely to do this you would need to change the buffer binding and that would count as a state change? (or is it a case of you do but it saves 16 calls so its OK?)

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• 1 VoIP Conversation but 2 RTP Streams?

  - by pepito

  I'm testing a VoIP system based on OpenSIPS. It has no RTPproxy, so calls do not pass through OpenSIPS. I tried to make a call between two smartphones, and it succeeded. I also turned on Wireshark, and got this result. Is that mean that voice call from 1st phone to 2nd phone went through 1st RTP stream and voice call from 2nd phone to 1st phone went through 2nd RTP stream? Why couldn't it only used one RTP stream? It could just go back and forth :)

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• Which is a better practice - helper methods as instance or static?

  - by Ilian Pinzon

  This question is subjective but I was just curious how most programmers approach this. The sample below is in pseudo-C# but this should apply to Java, C++, and other OOP languages as well. Anyway, when writing helper methods in my classes, I tend to declare them as static and just pass the fields if the helper method needs them. For example, given the code below, I prefer to use Method Call #2. class Foo { Bar _bar; public void DoSomethingWithBar() { // Method Call #1. DoSomethingWithBarImpl(); // Method Call #2. DoSomethingWithBarImpl(_bar); } private void DoSomethingWithBarImpl() { _bar.DoSomething(); } private static void DoSomethingWithBarImpl(Bar bar) { bar.DoSomething(); } } My reason for doing this is that it makes it clear (to my eyes at least) that the helper method has a possible side-effect on other objects - even without reading its implementation. I find that I can quickly grok methods that use this practice and thus help me in debugging things. Which do you prefer to do in your own code and what are your reasons for doing so?

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• Best practices: Ajax and server side scripting with stored procedures

  - by Luka Milani

  I need to rebuild an old huge website and probably to port everyting to ASP.NET and jQuery and I would like to ask for some suggestion and tips. Actually the website uses: Ajax (client site with prototype.js) ASP (vb script server side) SQL Server 2005 IIS 7 as web server This website uses hundred of stored procedures and the requests are made by an ajax call and only 1 ASP page that contain an huge select case Shortly an example: JAVASCRIPT + PROTOTYPE: var data = { action: 'NEWS', callback: 'doNews', param1: $('text_example').value, ......: ..........}; AjaxGet(data); // perform a call using another function + prototype SERVER SIDE ASP: <% ...... select case request("Action") case "NEWS" With cmmDB .ActiveConnection = Conn .CommandText = "sp_NEWS_TO_CALL_for_example" .CommandType = adCmdStoredProc Set par0DB = .CreateParameter("Param1", adVarchar, adParamInput,6) Set par1DB = .CreateParameter(".....", adInteger, adParamInput) ' ........ ' can be more parameters .Parameters.Append par0DB .Parameters.Append par1DB par0DB.Value = request("Param1") par1DB.Value = request(".....") set rs=cmmDB.execute RecodsetToJSON rs, jsa ' create JSON response using a sub End With .... %> So as you can see I have an ASP page that has a lot of CASE and this page answers to all the ajax request in the site. My question are: Instead of having many CASES is it possible to create dynamic vb code that parses the ajax request and creates dynamically the call to the desired SP (also implementing the parameters passed by JS)? What is the best approach to handle situations like this, by using the advantages of .Net + protoype or jQuery? How the big sites handle situation like this? Do they do it by creating 1 page for request? Thanks in advance for suggestion, direction and tips.

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• Interview Questions in OOP

  - by Fero

  Hi all, I faced the below interview questions in OOP under PHP language. Kindly clear my clarifications regarding this. I am very confused. As i am a beginner to OOP i got too confused. Could anyone clarify these things clearly? Difference between Abstract class and interface. Interviewer : Let us consider abstract class contains three abstract methods such as a,b,c and interface contains three methods a,b,c. In this case these do the same functionality. Then why are going for abstract and why are we going for interface. Me : ? static keyword. Interviewer: We call static method without creating object by using scope resolution operator in PHP. As well as we can able to call concrete methods also. Then what is need of static keyword there? Me : .... final keyword. Interviewer: Give me any scenario of using final keyword. Me : For db connection related method Interviewer: Other than that? Me: ... Constructor. Interviewer: What is the use of constructor? Me : There is no need for object to access this. It will call automatically when the class calls. Interviewer: Other than that? Me : .... Thanks in advance...

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• eSTEP TechCast-Special - October 2012

  - by uwes

  Dear partner, we are pleased to announce our eSTEP TechCast-Special on Thursday 18th of October and would be happy if you could join. Please see below the details for the next TechCast.Date and time:Thursday, 18. October 2012, 11:00 - 12:00 BST (12:00 - 13:00 CEST; 14:00 - 15:00 GST) Title: Oracle OpenWorld Systems Update Abstract:In this special TechCast we will give you a brief update to News and Announcements of Oracle Open World 2012. Special focus will be on Announcements around the Systems products and partner relevant News from Oracle OpenWorld. Target audience: Tech Presales Speaker: HW Enablement Team Call Info:Call-in-toll-free number: 08006948154 (United Kingdom)Call-in-toll-free number: +44-2081181001 (United Kingdom) Show global numbers Conference Code: 803 594 3Security Passcode: 9876Webex Info (Oracle Web Conference) Meeting Number: 593 893 048Meeting Password: tech2011 Playback / Recording / Archive: The webcasts will be recorded and will be available shortly after the event in the eSTEP portal under the Events tab, where you could find also material from already delivered eSTEP TechCasts. Use your email-adress and PIN: eSTEP_2011 to get access. Feel free to have a look. We are happy to get your comments and feedback. ">

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• How to minimize the usage of static variables and objects

  - by Peter Penzov

  I'm trying to implement this JavaFX code where I want to call remote Java class and pass boolean flag: final CheckMenuItem toolbarSubMenuNavigation = new CheckMenuItem("Navigation"); toolbarSubMenuNavigation.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() { @Override public void handle(ActionEvent e) { //DataTabs.renderTab = toolbarSubMenuNavigation.isSelected(); DataTabs.setRenderTab(toolbarSubMenuNavigation.isSelected()); // call here the getter setter and send boolean flag System.out.println("subsystem1 #1 Enabled!"); } }); Java class which I want to call: public class DataTabs { private static boolean renderTab; // make members *private* private static TabPane tabPane; public static boolean isRenderTab() { return DataTabs.renderTab; } public static void setRenderTab(boolean renderTab) { DataTabs.renderTab = renderTab; tabPane.setVisible(renderTab); } // somewhere below // set visible the tab pane TabPane tabPane = DataTabs.tabPane = new TabPane(); tabPane.setVisible(renderTab); } This implementation works but I want to optimize it to use less static variables and objects. Can you tell me which sections of the code how can be optimized?

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• eSTEP TechCast - December 2012

  - by uwes

  Dear partner, we are pleased to announce our next eSTEP TechCast on Thursday 6th of December and would be happy if you could join. Please see below the details for the next TechCast.Date and time:Thursday, 06. December 2012, 11:00 - 12:00 GMT (12:00 - 13:00 CET; 15:00 - 16:00 GST) Title: Innovations with Oracle Solaris Cluster 4 Abstract:Oracle Solaris Cluster 4.0 is the version of Solaris Cluster that runs with Oracle Solaris 11. In this webcast we will focus at the integration of the cluster software with the IPS packaging system of Solaris 11, which makes installing and updating the software much easier and much more reliable, especially with virtualization technologies involved. Our webcast will also reflect new versions of Oracle Solaris Cluster if they will be announced in the meantime. Target audience: Tech Presales Speaker: Hartmut Streppel Call Info:Call-in-toll-free number: 08006948154 (United Kingdom)Call-in-toll-free number: +44-2081181001 (United Kingdom) Show global numbers Conference Code: 803 594 3Security Passcode: 9876Webex Info (Oracle Web Conference) Meeting Number: 255 760 510Meeting Password: tech2011 Playback / Recording / Archive: The webcasts will be recorded and will be available shortly after the event in the eSTEP portal under the Events tab, where you could find also material from already delivered eSTEP TechCasts. Use your email-adress and PIN: eSTEP_2011 to get access. Feel free to have a look. We are happy to get your comments and feedback. Thanks and best regards, Partner HW Enablement EMEA

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• I need an approach to the problem of preventing inserting duplicate records into the database

  - by Maurice

  Apologies is this question is asked on the incorrect "stack" A webservice that I call returns a list of data. The data from the webservice is updated periodically, so a call to the webservice done in one hour could return the same data as a call done in an hour. Also, the data is returned based on a start and end date. We have multiple users that can run the webservice search, and duplicate data is most likely to be returned (especially for historical data). However I don't want to insert this duplicate data in the database. I've created a db table in which the data is stored (most important columns are) Id int autoincrement PK Date date not null --The date to which the data set belongs. LastUpdate date not null --The date the data set was last updated. UserName varchar(50) --The name of the user doing the search. I use sql server 2008 express with c# 4.0 and visual studio 2010. Entity Framework is used as the ORM. If stored procedures could be avoided in the proposed solution, then that will be a plus. Another way of looking interpreting what I'm asking a solution for is as follows: I have a million unique records in my table. A user does a new search. The search results from the user contains around 300k of the data that is already in the db. An efficient solution to finding an inserting only the unique records is needed.

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• Function calls to calls in windows api

  - by Apeee

  I am a beginner, and learning C, I find it hard to grasp the whole programming concept. so hopefully this would help to clear up some things along the way. When programming in windows, which is my aim for the time being, it is really hard for me to understand how windows communicate with the programs that run on it. A question i have been pondering about is how when you incorporate a function call which is in another memory location on the disk or memory(not a function you yourself wrote and is included in the compilation), especially the windows API, does the compiler know where the function location is so when the program is run it can call that function? For example, a very simple program that displays a window which reads hello world. You would have to call windows API functions to achieve such features as creating the window, its size, colors and so on... So basically what I am struggling to grasp is how the programs I write communicate with the platform, framework they are run on(generally windows for Windows API). Apart from clarification on this one above, i would love a resource that explains this concept further. Thanks for your time!

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• Netgear VPN can't access specific server

  - by Critologist

  I have a Netgear FVS318N configured with a VPN. I'm trying to access my call recorder with the provided software from another office. I've already setup the VPN connection, and it works. I can connect and ping the remote router and a few other things on the network. However, I can't ping or connect to my call recorder. If I move outside of the office network (i.e. connect directly to the cable modem or via a mobile hotspot), I can connect and ping the call recorder just fine. The office has a simple Linksys WRT54G router and is using AT&T Uverse. The remote location is using Charter Cable with a Netgear FVS318N. Has anyone ever encountered anything like this before? I've setup an identical VPN previously for a different client using similar hardware and never encountered this. Thanks in advance!

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• Sprite sorting issues

  - by TheBroodian

  I apologize for the vague title, I'm not sure how else to phrase this problem. I am using tIDE to assist me in my game's world development. To give a dynamic effect to map layers within tIDE, it has events that can be wired up to draw sprites before or after the draw of layers, to create foreground or background effects during runtime. This all works fine and well, however, the only way that I understand that this works, is by calling tIDE's internal spritebatch to create this effect. This creates a problem for me, because within tIDE's source code, its spritebatch's call block is set to SpriteSortMode.Deferred, and my characters have particle elements that I would like to draw in front of and behind themselves, via a drawdepth value. I can use a separate instance of spritebatch and call my character's draw method, and set sprite sorting there, but then my character is drawn ontop of all layers in my tIDE map. Which is even worse to me than my particles not being drawn as I want them to be. So, in summary, I want all of my crap to work, but at the moment the only way I can figure to do that is to ghetto rig the spritebatch within my characters' draw methods by calling a spritebatch.End();, then starting a new call to Begin() with SpriteSortMode.BackToFront, doing all of my characters' draw logic, and then calling another spritebatch.End(); followed once again by a new spritebatch.Begin(). Obviously that is pretty undesirable, but I don't know any other feasible alternatives. Anybody got any wisdom they could impart unto me as to how I could handle this?

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• TODAY! Partner Webcast: SPARC Marketing And Go-To-Market

  - by swalker

  THURSDAY, JUNE 21ST, 2012 AT 2:00 PM GMT (3:00 PM CET) Dear partner Oracle is pleased to invite you to our new webinar series on "Sparc Marketing and Go-to-Market" intended for our partners. Please join our second session in a series of new monthly webinars focused on everything related to SPARC and specifically designed to provide insights and selling guidance for channel partners worldwide on Thursday, June 21. Agenda: This month's guest speaker will focus on SPARC / T4 Marketing: a review of current assets and where we are going into FY13. Our presenter will be Bud Koch, Sr Principal Product Marketing Director. Please mark your diaries for this date and be sure to join. JOINING INFORMATION International Toll Free Dial-in Conference call ID: 90617465 Password: sparc To join the WebEx Conference Meeting Number: 590 744 943 Meeting Password: sparc REGISTER Delivery Format This FREE online LIVE eSeminar will be delivered over the Web and Conference Call. Duration 1 hour For assistance 1. Go to https://oraclemeetings.webex.com/oraclemeetings/mc 2. On the left navigation bar, click "Support". Note: Please join the call 10 minutes before the scheduled start time. We look forward to your participation. Best regards, Cinzia Mascanzoni EMEA Partner Marketing Director Giuseppe Facchetti EMEA Partner Business Development Manager

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• I don't understand why one of my vbo is overwritten by another

  - by Alays

  to create a vbo I use this function: public void loadVBO(){ vboID = GL15.glGenBuffers(); GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboID); GL15.glBufferData(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, buf, GL15.GL_STATIC_DRAW); // Put the position coordinates in attribute list 0 GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(0, 4, GL11.GL_FLOAT, false,4*4+4*4+4*4+2*4 , 0); // Put the color components in attribute list 1 GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(1, 4, GL11.GL_FLOAT, false,4*4+4*4+4*4+2*4 , 4*4); GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(2, 4, GL11.GL_FLOAT, false,4*4+4*4+4*4+2*4 , 4*4+4*4); // Put the texture coordinates in attribute list 2 GL20.glVertexAttribPointer(3, 4, GL11.GL_FLOAT, false,4*4+4*4+4*4+2*4 , 4*4+4*4+4*4); GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); } to display a vbo I use this function: public void displayVBO(){ GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, vboID); GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(0); GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(1); GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(2); GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(3); GL11.glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, buf.capacity()); GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(0); GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(1); GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(2); GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(3); GL15.glBindBuffer(GL15.GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); } So when I call map.loadVBO() and then ocean.loadVBO(), I think the second call overwrite the first vbo I don't know how ... When I call map.display() and ocean.display(), I have the ocean draw 2 times .... Thanks.

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• when connected to vpn, can't access certain things

  - by shsteimer

  my companies vpn is not a standard windows vpn. It uses Juniper Networks and it intalls locally something called "Host Checker" prior to allowing me to connect. I have noticed 2 things that I can't access while on vpn. etrade.com - no idea why this specific website, but I can't get to it, maybe https? use of my magik jack - I'm assuming this is some sort of a port conflict issue. if im on a call when i connect, i lose all reception. if i try to make a call after conected, ic an't even get it to dial. Can anyone tell me how I would even begin to debug this. I expect if I call the help desk they won't be much help, but if I can tell them the specific problems of conflicts, maybe I have a chance of them working with me to get it working.

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• How to choose between using a Domain Event, or letting the application layer orchestrate everything

  - by Mr Happy

  I'm setting my first steps into domain driven design, bought the blue book and all, and I find myself seeing three ways to implement a certain solution. For the record: I'm not using CQRS or Event Sourcing. Let's say a user request comes into the application service layer. The business logic for that request is (for whatever reason) separated into a method on an entity, and a method on a domain service. How should I go about calling those methods? The options I have gathered so far are: Let the application service call both methods Use method injection/double dispatch to inject the domain service into the entity, letting the entity do it's thing and then let it call the method of the domain service (or the other way around, letting the domain service call the method on the entity) Raise a domain event in the entity method, a handler of which calls the domain service. (The kind of domain events I'm talking about are: http://www.udidahan.com/2009/06/14/domain-events-salvation/) I think these are all viable, but I'm unable to choose between them. I've been thinking about this a long time and I've come to a point where I no longer see the semantic differences between the three. Do you know of some guidelines when to use what?

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• Making efficeint voxel engines using "chunks"

  - by Wardy

  Concept I'm currently looking in to how voxel engines work with a view to possibly making one myself. I see a lot of stuff like this ... https://sites.google.com/site/letsmakeavoxelengine/home/chunks ... which talks about how to go about reducing the draw calls. What I can't seem to understand is how it actually saves draw call counts on the basis of the logic being something like this ... Without chunks foreach voxel in myvoxels DrawIfVisible() With Chunks foreach chunk in mychunks DrawIfVisible() which then does ... foreach voxel in myvoxels DrawIfVisible() So surely you saved nothing ?!?! You still make a draw call for each visible voxel do you not? A visible voxel needs a draw call in either scenario. The only real saving I can see is that the logic that evaluates a chunk will be able to determine if a large number of voxels are visible or not effectively saving a bit of "is this chunk visible" cpu time. But it's the draw calls that interest me ... The fewer of those, the faster the application. EDIT: In case it makes any difference I will probably be using XNA (DX not OpenGL) for my engine so don't consider my choice of example in the link above my choice of technology. But this question is such that I doubt it would matter.

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• asterisk outbound caller id

  - by MCS

  I'm trying to set the caller id number for an outbound call. My asterisk .call file looks like this: Channel: SIP/flowroute/1234567890 Context: test Extension: 1234567890 Priority: 1 Here's my extensions.conf: [test] exten => _1NXXXXXXXXX,1,Set(CALLERID(num)=8005552222) exten => _1NXXXXXXXXX,n,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN}@flowroute) exten => _1NXXXXXXXXX,n,Playback(hello-world) When I receive the call, the caller id number is 1-206-445-6979, even though the CDR log has both src and clid set to 8005552222. I'm using flowroute as my carrier. Is there something wrong on their side?

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• REST API wrapper - class design for 'lite' object responses

  - by sasfrog

  I am writing a class library to serve as a managed .NET wrapper over a REST API. I'm very new to OOP, and this task is an ideal opportunity for me to learn some OOP concepts in a real-life situation that makes sense to me. Some of the key resources/objects that the API returns are returned with different levels of detail depending on whether the request is for a single instance, a list, or part of a "search all resources" response. This is obviously a good design for the REST API itself, so that full objects aren't returned (thus increasing the size of the response and therefore the time taken to respond) unless they're needed. So, to be clear: .../car/1234.json returns the full Car object for 1234, all its properties like colour, make, model, year, engine_size, etc. Let's call this full. .../cars.json returns a list of Car objects, but only with a subset of the properties returned by .../car/1234.json. Let's call this lite. ...search.json returns, among other things, a list of car objects, but with minimal properties (only ID, make and model). Let's call this lite-lite. I want to know what the pros and cons of each of the following possible designs are, and whether there is a better design that I haven't covered: Create a Car class that models the lite-lite properties, and then have each of the more detailed responses inherit and extend this class. Create separate CarFull, CarLite and CarLiteLite classes corresponding to each of the responses. Create a single Car class that contains (nullable?) properties for the full response, and create constructors for each of the responses which populate it to the extent possible (and maybe include a property that returns the response type from which the instance was created). I expect among other things there will be use cases for consumers of the wrapper where they will want to iterate through lists of Cars, regardless of which response type they were created from, such that the three response types can contribute to the same list. Happy to be pointed to good resources on this sort of thing, and/or even told the name of the concept I'm describing so I can better target my research.

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• Could a singleton type replace static methods and classes?

  - by MKO

  In C# Static methods has long served a purpose allowing us to call them without instantiating classes. Only in later year have we became more aware of the problems of using static methods and classes. They can’t use interfaces They can’t use inheritance They are hard to test because you can’t make mocks and stubs Is there a better way ? Obviously we need to be able to access library methods without instantiated classes all the time otherwise our code would become pretty cluttered One possibly solution is to use a new keyword for an old concept: the singleton. Singleton’s are global instances of a class, since they are instances we can use them as we would normal classes. In order to make their use nice and practical we'd need some syntactic sugar however Say that the Math class would be of type singleton instead of an actual class. The actual class containing all the default methods for the Math singleton is DefaultMath, which implements the interface IMath. The singleton would be declared as singleton Math : IMath { public Math { this = new DefaultMath(); } } If we wanted to substitute our own class for all math operations we could make a new class MyMath that inherits DefaultMath, or we could just inherit from the interface IMath and create a whole new Class. To make our class the active Math class, you'd do a simple assignment Math = new MyMath(); and voilá! the next time we call Math.Floor it will call your method. Note that for a normal singleton we'd have to write something like Math.Instance.Floor but the compiler eliminates the need for the Instance property Another idea would be to be able to define a singletons as Lazy so they get instantiated only when they're first called, like lazy singleton Math : IMath What do you think, would it have been a better solution that static methods and classes? Is there any problems with this approach?

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• Should static parameters in an API be part of each method?

  - by jschoen

  I am currently creating a library that is a wrapper for an online API. The obvious end goal is to make it as easy for others to use as possible. As such I am trying to determine the best approach when it comes to common parameters for the API. In my current situation there are 3 (consumer key, consumer secret, and and authorization token). They are essentially needed in every API call. My question is should I make these 3 parameters required for each method or is there a better way. I see my current options as being: Place the parameters in each method call public ApiObject callMethod(String consumerKey, String consumerSecret, String token, ...) This one seems reasonable, but seems awfully repetitive to me. Create a singleton class that the user must initialize before calling any api methods. This seems wrong, and would essentially limit them to accessing one account at a time via the API (which may be reasonable, I dunno). Make them place them in a properties file in their project. That way I can load the properties that way and store them. This seems similar to the singleton to me, but they would not have to explicitly call something to initialize these values. Is there another option I am not seeing, or a more common practice in this situation that I should be following?

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• Allowing client to select data to return via REST interface

  - by CMP

  I have a rest service that is essentially a proxy to a variety of other services. So if I call GET /users/{id} It will get their user profile, as well as order history, and contact info, etc... all from various services, and aggregates them into one nice object. My problem is that each call to a different service has the potential to add time to the original request, so we would rather not get ALL the data ALL of the time if a particular client does not care about all of the pieces. A solution I have arrived at is to do something like this: GET /users/{id}?includeOrders=true&includeX=true&includeY=true... That works, and it allow me to do only what I need to, but it is cumbersome. We have added enough different data sources that there are too many parameters for that style to be useful. I could do something similar with a single integer and a bitmask or something, but that only makes it harder to read, and it does not feel very Restful. I could break it down into multiple calls so they would need to call /users/{id}/orders and /users/{id}/profile separately, but that sort of defeats the purpose of an aggregating proxy, who's purpose is to make clients jobs easier. Are there any good patterns that can help me return just enough data for each client, without making it too difficult for them to filter and select what they want?

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