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  • Is there an SSL equivelent to an ssh agent?

    - by Matthew J Morrison
    Here is my situation: There are a number of developers who all need to have access to be able to install ruby gems and python eggs from a remote source. Currently, we have a server inside our firewall that hosts the gems and eggs. We now want the ability to be able to install things hosted on that server outside of our firewall. Since some of the gems and eggs that we host are proprietary I would like to somewhat lock access to that machine down, as unobtrusively as possible to the developers. My first thought was using something like ssh keys. So, I spent some time looking at SSL mutual authentication. I was able to get everything set up and working correctly, testing with curl, but the unfortunate thing was that I had to pass extra arguments to curl so it knows about the certificate, key and certificate authority. I was wondering if there is anything like the ssh agent that I can set up to provide that information automatically so that I can push the certificates and keys to the developer's machines so the developers don't have to log in or provide keys each time they try to install something. Another thing that I want to avoid is having to modify the 'gem' command and the 'pip' command to provide keys when they make the http connection. Any other suggestions that may solve this problem (not related to ssl mutual auth) are also welcome. EDIT: I've been continuing to research this and I came across stunnel. I think this may be what I'm looking for, any feedback regarding stunnel would also be great!

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  • Open ports in Windows 7, firewall, public network, port 445

    - by chris
    I selected "public network" in Windows 7. Windows is listening on TCP port 445: TCP 0.0.0.0:445 WIN7TEST:0 ABHÖREN The corresponding incoming firewall rule isn't activated (4th column): When I choose "workplace network" the SMB incoming port 445 rule is still disabled in the advanced windows firewall configuration. I thought "public network" / "workplace network" and so on is influencing the windows firewall rules!? Where's the difference between workplace and public network then? http://www.abload.de/image.php?img=winfire2nxku0.png

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  • Problem during installing certificate on Windows 7

    - by Rodnower
    Hello, I have Windows 7 installed and some certificate in .pfx format. I succeed installing it to local store and store of domain user with administrator privileges, but when I connect with local administrator and try to install it I get error: The import failed because the store was read-only, the store was full, or the store did not open correctly. Any ideas? Thank you for ahead.

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  • What is wrong with my Watcher (incron-like) daemon?

    - by eric01
    I have installed Watcher this way: both watcher.py and watcher.ini are located in /etc I also installed pyinotify and it does work when I use python -m pyinotify -v /var/www However, I want to use the daemon and when I start watcher.py, I get weird lines on my watcher.log (see below). I also included my watcher.ini file. Note: I have the latest version of Python. The watcher.py can be found here What is wrong with what I did? Also, do I really need pyinotify? Thanks a lot for your help watcher.ini: [DEFAULT] logfile=/var/log/watcher.log pidfile=/var/run/watcher.pid [job1] watch=/var/www events=create,delete,modify recursive=true command=mkdir /home/mockfolder ## just using this as test watcher.log: 2012-09-22 04:28:23.822029 Daemon started 2012-09-22 04:28:23.822596 job1: /var/www Traceback (most recent call last): File "/etc/watcher.py", line 359, in <module> daemon.start() File "/etc/watcher.py", line 124, in start self.run() File "/etc/watcher.py", line 256, in run autoadd = self.config.getboolean(section,'autoadd') File "/usr/lib/python2.7/ConfigParser.py", line 368, in getboolean v = self.get(section, option) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/ConfigParser.py", line 618, in get raise NoOptionError(option, section) ConfigParser.NoOptionError: No option 'autoadd' in section: 'job1'

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  • Why do we need Hash by key? [migrated]

    - by Royi Namir
    (i'm just trying to find what am I missing...) Assuming John have a clear text message , he can create a regular hash ( like md5 , or sha256) and then encrypt the message. John can now send Paul the message + its (clear text)hash and Paul can know if the message was altered. ( decrypt and then compare hashes). Even if an attacker can change the encrpyted data ( without decrypt) - - when paul will open the message - and recalc the hash - it wont generate the same hash as the one john sent him. so why do we need hash by key ?

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  • Blocking IP Range in .htaccess Problem

    - by Pedro
    Hi, I'm trying to block the access of one of my webapps using IP Filter in the .htaccess, the problem is that after updating the file with: order allow,deny deny from 58.14.0.0/15 allow from all I get the folowing error: Internal Server Error The server encountered an internal error or misconfiguration and was unable to complete your request. Please contact the server administrator, [email protected] and inform them of the time the error occurred, and anything you might have done that may have caused the error. More information about this error may be available in the server error log. What is wrong? Regards, Pedro

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  • How do I securely execute commands as root via a web control panel?

    - by Chris J
    I would like to build a very simple PHP based web based control panel to add and remove users to/from and add and remove sections to/from nginx config files on my linode vps (Ubuntu 8.04 LTS). What is the most secure way of executing commands as root based on input from a web based control panel? I am loathe to run PHP as root (even if behind an IP tables firewall) for the obvious reasons. Suggestions welcome. It must be possible as several commercial (and bloated, for my needs) control panels offer similar functionality. Thanks

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  • How to tell credentials used for a Network Mapping?

    - by shanecourtrille
    I have a networking mapping that doesn't appear to work. When I connect to the mapping I get access denied when I try to create a folder. When I created the mapping I told it to login as another account. I have verified that account has the proper rights on the server side of things. How can I verify that my local machine is connecting with the right credentials?

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  • How is my password sent across when I check gmails/access bank site [closed]

    - by learnerforever
    What encryption is used when my password is sent across in gmails/when I do online banking? RSA? DSA? Public-private key encryption?. In key encryption, which entity is assigned a public/private key? Does each unique machine with unique MAC address has a unique public/private key? Does each instance of browser have unique key? Does each user have unique private/public key? How does session key come into picture? How do machines receive their keys?

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  • Disable the user of Internet explorer through policies when called from HTML help

    - by Stephane
    Hello, I have a locked down environment where users are prohibited from doing, well, basically anything but run the specific programs we specify. We just switched a program from using the venerable "WinHELP" help format to HTML help (CHM) but that seem to have an unwanted and rather dangerous side effect: when a user click on a hyperlink inside the HTML help, a new internet explorer window is opened and the user is free to browse and do terrible things to my server (well, not that much, but still...) I have checked the session in this case and the IE window is actually hosted within the help engine: there is no iexplore.exe process running in the user session (and it cannot: it's explicitly prohibited). We have disable all help right now until we find a solution. I'm working with the help team to have all external URLs removed from the help file but that is going to be a long and error-prone task. Meanwhile, I've checked all the group policies option but I have to say that I was unable to find anything that would prevent a standalone IE window hosted in a random process from running. I don't want to disable WinHTTP or the IE rendering engine or anything of the sort. But I need to prevent all users members of a specific AD user group from ever having an IE window displayed to them. The servers are running Windows 2003 and Citrix metaframe 4.5. Thanks in advance

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  • Real benefits of tcp TIME-WAIT and implications in production environment

    - by user64204
    SOME THEORY I've been doing some reading on tcp TIME-WAIT (here and there) and what I read is that it's a value set to 2 x MSL (maximum segment life) which keeps a connection in the "connection table" for a while to guarantee that, "before your allowed to create a connection with the same tuple, all the packets belonging to previous incarnations of that tuple will be dead". Since segments received (apart from SYN under specific circumstances) while a connection is either in TIME-WAIT or no longer existing would be discarded, why not close the connection right away? Q1: Is it because there is less processing involved in dealing with segments from old connections and less processing to create a new connection on the same tuple when in TIME-WAIT (i.e. are there performance benefits)? If the above explanation doesn't stand, the only reason I see the TIME-WAIT being useful would be if a client sends a SYN for a connection before it sends remaining segments for an old connection on the same tuple in which case the receiver would re-open the connection but then get bad segments and and would have to terminate it. Q2: Is this analysis correct? Q3: Are there other benefits to using TIME-WAIT? SOME PRACTICE I've been looking at the munin graphs on a production server that I administrate. Here is one: As you can see there are more connections in TIME-WAIT than ESTABLISHED, around twice as many most of the time, on some occasions four times as many. Q4: Does this have an impact on performance? Q5: If so, is it wise/recommended to reduce the TIME-WAIT value (and what to)? Q6: Is this ratio of TIME-WAIT / ESTABLISHED connections normal? Could this be related to malicious connection attempts?

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  • Using the right folder for the right job. Article link, please?

    - by Droogans
    There are specific folders designed for specific tasks. /var/www holds your web sites, /usr/bin contains files to run your applications...yet I still find myself putting nearly all of my work in ~. Is it possible to overuse my home directory? Will it come back to haunt me? Anyone have a good link to an article of best practices for organizing your files so that they are placed in their "correct" place? Is there even such a thing in Linux? I am referring specifically to user-generated content. I do not compile applications from source, I use apt-get for those tasks. This article has a great introduction to what I'm looking for. Table 3-2, "Subdirectories of the root directory" is the sort of thing I'm looking for, but with more details/examples.

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  • Does ModSecurity 2.7.1 work with ASP.NET MVC 3?

    - by autonomatt
    I'm trying to get ModSecurity 2.7.1 to work with an ASP.NET MVC 3 website. The installation ran without errors and looking at the event log, ModSecurity is starting up successfully. I am using the modsecurity.conf-recommended file to set the basic rules. The problem I'm having is that whenever I am POSTing some form data, it doesn't get through to the controller action (or model binder). I have SecRuleEngine set to DetectionOnly. I have SecRequestBodyAccess set to On. With these settings, the body of the POST never reaches the controller action. If I set SecRequestBodyAccess to Off it works, so it's definitely something to do with how ModSecurity forwards the body data. The ModSecurity debug shows the following (looks to me as if all passed through): Second phase starting (dcfg 94b750). Input filter: Reading request body. Adding request argument (BODY): name "[0].IsSelected", value "on" Adding request argument (BODY): name "[0].Quantity", value "1" Adding request argument (BODY): name "[0].VariantSku", value "047861" Adding request argument (BODY): name "[1].Quantity", value "0" Adding request argument (BODY): name "[1].VariantSku", value "047862" Input filter: Completed receiving request body (length 115). Starting phase REQUEST_BODY. Recipe: Invoking rule 94c620; [file "*********************"] [line "54"] [id "200001"]. Rule 94c620: SecRule "REQBODY_ERROR" "!@eq 0" "phase:2,auditlog,id:200001,t:none,log,deny,status:400,msg:'Failed to parse request body.',logdata:%{reqbody_error_msg},severity:2" Transformation completed in 0 usec. Executing operator "!eq" with param "0" against REQBODY_ERROR. Operator completed in 0 usec. Rule returned 0. Recipe: Invoking rule 5549c38; [file "*********************"] [line "75"] [id "200002"]. Rule 5549c38: SecRule "MULTIPART_STRICT_ERROR" "!@eq 0" "phase:2,auditlog,id:200002,t:none,log,deny,status:44,msg:'Multipart request body failed strict validation: PE %{REQBODY_PROCESSOR_ERROR}, BQ %{MULTIPART_BOUNDARY_QUOTED}, BW %{MULTIPART_BOUNDARY_WHITESPACE}, DB %{MULTIPART_DATA_BEFORE}, DA %{MULTIPART_DATA_AFTER}, HF %{MULTIPART_HEADER_FOLDING}, LF %{MULTIPART_LF_LINE}, SM %{MULTIPART_MISSING_SEMICOLON}, IQ %{MULTIPART_INVALID_QUOTING}, IP %{MULTIPART_INVALID_PART}, IH %{MULTIPART_INVALID_HEADER_FOLDING}, FL %{MULTIPART_FILE_LIMIT_EXCEEDED}'" Transformation completed in 0 usec. Executing operator "!eq" with param "0" against MULTIPART_STRICT_ERROR. Operator completed in 0 usec. Rule returned 0. Recipe: Invoking rule 554bd70; [file "********************"] [line "80"] [id "200003"]. Rule 554bd70: SecRule "MULTIPART_UNMATCHED_BOUNDARY" "!@eq 0" "phase:2,auditlog,id:200003,t:none,log,deny,status:44,msg:'Multipart parser detected a possible unmatched boundary.'" Transformation completed in 0 usec. Executing operator "!eq" with param "0" against MULTIPART_UNMATCHED_BOUNDARY. Operator completed in 0 usec. Rule returned 0. Recipe: Invoking rule 554cbe0; [file "*********************************"] [line "94"] [id "200004"]. Rule 554cbe0: SecRule "TX:/^MSC_/" "!@streq 0" "phase:2,log,auditlog,id:200004,t:none,deny,msg:'ModSecurity internal error flagged: %{MATCHED_VAR_NAME}'" Rule returned 0. Hook insert_filter: Adding input forwarding filter (r 5541fc0). Hook insert_filter: Adding output filter (r 5541fc0). Initialising logging. Starting phase LOGGING. Recording persistent data took 0 microseconds. Audit log: Ignoring a non-relevant request. I can't see anything unusual in Fiddler. I'm using a ViewModel in the parameters of my action. No data is bound if SecRequestBodyAccess is set to On. I'm even logging all the Request.Form.Keys and values via log4net, but not getting any values there either. I'm starting to wonder if ModSecurity actually works with ASP.NET MVC or if there is some conflict with the ModSecurity http Module and the model binder kicking in. Does anyone have any suggestions or can anyone confirm they have ModSecurity working with an ASP.NET MVC website?

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  • Exchange 2003 default permissions for ANONYMOUS LOGON and Everyone

    - by Make it useful Keep it simple
    ANONYMOUS LOGON and Everyone have the following top level permissions in our Exchange 2003 Server: Read Execute Read permissions List contents Read properties List objects Create public folder Create named properties in the information store Are these the "default" settings? In particular, are the "Read" and "Execute" permissions a problem? We have a simple small business setup, Outlook clients connect to the server on the local network, OWA is used from outside the network for browser and smartphone access. Thanks

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  • Spam in Whois: How is it done and how do I protect my domain?

    - by user2964971
    Yes, there are answered questions regarding spam in Whois. But still unclear: How do they do it? How should I respond? What precautions can I take? For example: Whois for google.com [...] Server Name: GOOGLE.COM.ZOMBIED.AND.HACKED.BY.WWW.WEB-HACK.COM IP Address: 217.107.217.167 Registrar: DOMAINCONTEXT, INC. Whois Server: whois.domaincontext.com Referral URL: http://www.domaincontext.com Server Name: GOOGLE.COM.ZZZZZ.GET.LAID.AT.WWW.SWINGINGCOMMUNITY.COM IP Address: 69.41.185.195 Registrar: TUCOWS DOMAINS INC. Whois Server: whois.tucows.com Referral URL: http://domainhelp.opensrs.net Server Name: GOOGLE.COM.ZZZZZZZZZZZZZ.GET.ONE.MILLION.DOLLARS.AT.WWW.UNIMUNDI.COM IP Address: 209.126.190.70 Registrar: PDR LTD. D/B/A PUBLICDOMAINREGISTRY.COM Whois Server: whois.PublicDomainRegistry.com Referral URL: http://www.PublicDomainRegistry.com Server Name: GOOGLE.COM.ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ.HAVENDATA.COM IP Address: 50.23.75.44 Registrar: PDR LTD. D/B/A PUBLICDOMAINREGISTRY.COM Whois Server: whois.PublicDomainRegistry.com Referral URL: http://www.PublicDomainRegistry.com Server Name: GOOGLE.COMMAS2CHAPTERS.COM IP Address: 216.239.32.21 Registrar: CRAZY DOMAINS FZ-LLC Whois Server: whois.crazydomains.com Referral URL: http://www.crazydomains.com [...] >>> Last update of whois database: Thu, 05 Jun 2014 02:10:51 UTC <<< [...] >>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2014-06-04T19:04:53-0700 <<< [...]

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  • allowing index access only with .htaccess

    - by YsoL8
    Hello I have this in my .htaccess file, in the site root: Options -Indexes <directory ../.*> Deny from all </directory> <Files .htaccess> order allow,deny deny from all </Files> <Files index.php> Order allow,deny allow from all </Files> What I'm trying to achieve is to block folder and file access to anything that isn't called index.php, regardless of which directory is accessed. I have the folder part working perfectly and the deny from all rule is working as well - but my attempt to allow access to index.php is failing. Basically could someone tell me how to get it working?

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  • allowing index access only with .htaccess

    - by YsoL8
    Hello I have this in my .htaccess file, in the site root: Options -Indexes <directory ../.*> Deny from all </directory> <Files .htaccess> order allow,deny deny from all </Files> <Files index.php> Order allow,deny allow from all </Files> What I'm trying to achieve is to block folder and file access to anything that isn't called index.php, regardless of which directory is accessed. I have the folder part working perfectly and the deny from all rule is working as well - but my attempt to allow access to index.php is failing. Basically could someone tell me how to get it working?

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  • How to securely delete files stored on a SSD?

    - by Chris Neuroth
    From a (very long, but definitely worth to read) article on SSDs: When you delete a file in your OS, there is no reaction from either a hard drive or SSD. It isn’t until you overwrite the sector (on a hard drive) or page (on a SSD) that you actually lose the data. File recovery programs use this property to their advantage and that’s how they help you recover deleted files. The key distinction between HDDs and SSDs however is what happens when you overwrite a file. While a HDD can simply write the new data to the same sector, a SSD will allocate a new (or previously used) page for the overwritten data. The page that contains the now invalid data will simply be marked as invalid and at some point it’ll get erased. So, what would be the best way to securely erase files stored on a SSD? Overwriting with random data as we are used to from hard disks (e.g. using the "shred" utility) won't work unless you overwrite the WHOLE drive...

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  • Ubuntu Server attack? how to solve?

    - by saky
    Hello, Something (Someone) is sending out UDP packets sent from our whole ip range. This seems to be multicast DNS. Our server host provided this (Our IP Address is masked with XX): Jun 3 11:02:13 webserver kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:00:30:48:94:46:c4:08:00 SRC=193.23X.21X.XX DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=73 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=53 Jun 3 11:02:23 webserver kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:00:30:48:94:46:c4:08:00 SRC=193.23X.21X.XX DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=73 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=53 Jun 3 11:02:32 webserver kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:00:30:48:94:46:c4:08:00 SRC=193.23X.21X.XX DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=73 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=53 Jun 3 11:02:35 webserver kernel: Firewall: *UDP_IN Blocked* IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=01:00:5e:00:00:fb:00:30:48:94:46:c4:08:00 SRC=193.23X.21X.XX DST=224.0.0.251 LEN=73 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=255 ID=0 DF PROTO=UDP SPT=5353 DPT=5353 LEN=53 I checked my /var/log/auth.log file and found out that someone from China (Using ip-locator) was trying to get in to the server using ssh. ... Jun 3 11:32:00 server2 sshd[28511]: Failed password for root from 202.100.108.25 port 39047 ssh2 Jun 3 11:32:08 server2 sshd[28514]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.100.108.25 user=root Jun 3 11:32:09 server2 sshd[28514]: Failed password for root from 202.100.108.25 port 39756 ssh2 Jun 3 11:32:16 server2 sshd[28516]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.100.108.25 user=root ... I have blocked that IP address using this command: sudo iptables -A INPUT -s 202.100.108.25 -j DROP However, I have no clue about the UDP multicasting, what is doing this? who is doing it? and how I can stop it? Anyone know?

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  • zip password crack possible?

    - by tm1rbrt
    I have a piece of software i have to install on company laptops. The installer needs a serial to work properly, but i don't have it (my manager isn't here so i cant ask him). The installer tells me to ring a phone number which doesnt appear to be connected anymore. I would download win32dasm and ollydbg and have a go at cracking the installer but i dont really have time and i havnt done it in years. There is a zip file on the disc that looks like it contains all the program files but it is passworded. Is it feasible to crack this or will it take ages?

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  • Our VPS is being used as a Warez mule

    - by Mikuso
    The company I work for runs a series of ecommerce stores on a VPS. It's a WAMP stack, 50gb storage. We use an archaic piece of ecommerce software which operates almost entirely client-side. When an order is taken, it writes it to disk and then we schedule a task to download the orders once every 10 minutes. A few days ago, we ran out of disk space, which caused orders to fail to be written. I quickly hopped on to delete some old logs from the mailserver and freed up a couple of GB pretty quickly, but I wondered how we could fill up 50gb will nothing much more than logs. Turns out, we didn't. Hidden deep within the c:\System Volume Information directory, we have a stack of pirated videos, which seem to have appeared (looking at the timestamps) over the past three weeks. Porn, American Sports, Australian cooking shows. A very odd collection. Doesn't look like an individual's personal tastes - more like the VPS is being used as a mule. We have a 5-attempts and you're blocked policy on our FTP server (plus, there is no FTP account with access to that directory), and the windows user account has had it's password changed recently. The main avenues are sealed - and logs can verify that. I thought I'd watch and see if it happened again, and yes, another cooking show has appeared this morning. I am the only one to know of this problem at my company, and only one of two with access to the VPS (the other being my boss, but no - it's not him). So how is this happening? Is there a vulnerability in some of the software on the VPS? Are the VPS owners peddling warez across our rented space? (can they do this?) I don't want to delete the warez in case it is seen as a hostile action against this outside force, and they choose to retaliate. What should I do? How do I troubleshoot this? Has this happened to anyone else before?

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  • TeamViewer - only allow domain logins

    - by BloodyIron
    I recently started a Systems Admin job where teamviewer is used pretty frequently here. Another admin recently left, and the concern is they still have access to all our systems due to how teamviewer works. I want to migrate the entire environment to domain authentication. The documentation shows that setting up windows auth (domain) is easy, but I want to be sure that it is the only way to be authenticated with a teamviewer session here. I cannot yet find anything which explicitly says this. We have licensing for teamviewer 5 and 6, I think. Right now we have 7 in the environment, but I think most are in a trial version, so I am likely to revert to 5 or 6.

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