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Why is it impossible to produce truly random numbers?

- by Vinoth Kumar

I was trying to solve a hobby problem that required generating a million random numbers. But I quickly realized, it is becoming difficult to make them unique. I picked up Algorithm Design Manual to read about random number generation. It has the following paragraph that I am fully not able to understand. Unfortunately, generating random numbers looks a lot easier than it really is. Indeed, it is fundamentally impossible to produce truly random numbers on any deterministic device. Von Neumann [Neu63] said it best: “Anyone who considers arithmetical methods of producing random digits is, of course, in a state of sin.” The best we can hope for are pseudo-random numbers, a stream of numbers that appear as if they were generated randomly. Why is it impossible to produce truly random numbers in any deterministic device? What does this sentence mean?

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Looking for an open source project in Python

- by Roman Yankovsky

I am looking for practical tasks to get experience with Python. Just reading the books and not doing any tasks in the language is not effective. I solved some problems on the Project Euler and TopCoder and it helped me to learn the syntax of the language better. But those tasks are hard algorithmically, but as a rule is quite simple from the point of view of programming. Now I'm looking for an interesting open source project in Python, participation in which will help me to better understand the OO-model of language. Although, this is my first step with Python, in general, I am an experienced programmer and I can be useful for a project. May be someone can suggest something?

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Can I use silverlight for building SocialNetworking applicaiton?

- by dimmV

Hi all, I am wondering: how feasible it would be to start developing a social networking website entirely based on silverlight; This has been fairly discussed over the years in favor of HTML. Has something changed with silverlight improvements over the years? What about: * Performance -- active users -- technology used, MVVM + MEF (possibility of lags, server memory overflow...) * Security --- WCF Ria Services & EF What are your thoughts on this subject?

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Mac OS & Iphone development

- by Oynn

I am a graphics designer. How long would it take to become fluent in Objective-c for Mac and/or iPhone app development, from no programming background? I want to quit my day job as a designer. I really don't wanna work anymore cause I don't want to have a boss. I can be a writer, or I can become a app developer. Developing mini applications & games sounds excellent to me. That's really what I want to do :) I'm a patient person and I will do whatever it takes to learn & become a good developer. Should I take any courses about app development, or can I learn on my own? Any ideas, tips?

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Changing CSS classes when different strings are displayed in a text element with jQuery

- by Nick Maddren

I'm just wondering if this method would be possible using jQuery HTML and PHP. Basically I have a filtering system were products are listed, some have different attribute values such as Hatchback for example. The text element that holds these PHP echo's also have a css class that implements an icon. I'm just wondering can I alter class's that are added to a html element just by looking at the string? So for example if the string displays "Pick-up" then jQuery alters the class and adds the one associated with the "Pick-up" string? Thanks sorry if this is a little confusing, I can explain more if needed.

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Where does this concept of "favor composition over inheritance" come from?

- by Mason Wheeler

In the last few months, the mantra "favor composition over inheritance" seems to have sprung up out of nowhere and become almost some sort of meme within the programming community. And every time I see it, I'm a little bit mystified. It's like someone said "favor drills over hammers." In my experience, composition and inheritance are two different tools with different use cases, and treating them as if they were interchangeable and one was inherently superior to the other makes no sense. Also, I never see a real explanation for why inheritance is bad and composition is good, which just makes me more suspicious. Is it supposed to just be accepted on faith? Liskov substitution and polymorphism have well-known, clear-cut benefits, and IMO comprise the entire point of using object-oriented programming, and no one ever explains why they should be discarded in favor of composition. Does anyone know where this concept comes from, and what the rationale behind it is?

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Is extreme programming out of date?

- by KingBabar

I have stumbled across this graph and I wonder if someone would care to explain the results? As you can see, extreme programming (XP) is practically uninterested and has almost disappeared from searches. The legend is: Blue: Agile Red: Scrum Orange: extreme programming Green: Waterfall source: http://www.google.com/insights/search/#cat=0-5&q=agile%2Cscrum%2Cextreme%20programming%2Cwaterfall&cmpt=q

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What is the justification for Python's power operator associating to the right?

- by Pieter Müller

I am writing code to parse mathematical expression strings, and noticed that the order in which chained power operators are evaluated in Python differs from the order in Excel. From http://docs.python.org/reference/expressions.html: "Thus, in an unparenthesized sequence of power and unary operators, the operators are evaluated from right to left (this does not constrain the evaluation order for the operands): -1*2 results in -1."* This means that, in Python: 2**2**3 is evaluated as 2**(2**3) = 2**8 = 256 In Excel, it works the other way around: 2^2^3 is evaluated as (2^2)^3 = 4^3 = 64 I now have to choose an implementation for my own parser. The Excel order is easier to implement, as it mirrors the evaluation order of multiplication. I asked some people around the office what their gut feel was for the evaluation of 2^2^3 and got mixed responses. Does anybody know of any good reasons or conciderations in favour of the Python implementation? And if you don't have an answer, please comment with the result you get from gut feel - 64 or 256?

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Is it more difficult to upgrade your certification from SQL Server 2008 to 2012 than to get it from scratch?

- by Diego

I was wondering about the new MCSA certification on SQL 2012 and how it seems to be more difficult to upgrade your certification from 2008 to 2012 than to get the 2012 from scratch. Reason I think that is true is because anyone with any MCTS SQL Server 2008 certification can upgrade it to a MCSA 2012 by passing 2 tests (457 and 458). If you try to get it from scratch, you need to pass 3 tests (461, 462 and 463 - which are pretty much the same as 432, 433 and 448 for SQL 2008). But the thing is, even though its one test less to upgrade, all the skills necessary to pass 461, 462 and 463 are squeezed on 457 and 458 so, it seems easier to get from scratch than upgrade. Any thoughts?

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What is up with the Joy of Clojure 2nd edition?

- by kurofune

Manning just released the second edition of the beloved Joy of Clojure book, and while I share that love I get the feeling that many of the examples are already outdated. In particular, in the chapter on optimization the recommended type-hinting seems not to be allowed by the compiler. I don't know if this was allowable for older versions of Clojure. For example: (defn factorial-f [^long original-x] (loop [x original-x, acc 1] (if (>= 1 x) acc (recur (dec x) (*' x acc))))) returns: clojure.lang.Compiler$CompilerException: java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: Can't type hint a primitive local, compiling:(null:3:1) Likewise, the chapter on core.logic seems be using an old API and I have to find workarounds for each example to accommodate the recent changes. For example, I had to turn this: (logic/defrel orbits orbital body) (logic/fact orbits :mercury :sun) (logic/fact orbits :venus :sun) (logic/fact orbits :earth :sun) (logic/fact orbits :mars :sun) (logic/fact orbits :jupiter :sun) (logic/fact orbits :saturn :sun) (logic/fact orbits :uranus :sun) (logic/fact orbits :neptune :sun) (logic/run* [q] (logic/fresh [orbital body] (orbits orbital body) (logic/== q orbital))) into this, leveraging the pldb lib: (pldb/db-rel orbits orbital body) (def facts (pldb/db [orbits :mercury :sun] [orbits :venus :sun] [orbits :earth :sun] [orbits :mars :sun] [orbits :jupiter :sun] [orbits :saturn :sun] [orbits :uranus :sun] [orbits :neptune :sun])) (pldb/with-db facts (logic/run* [q] (logic/fresh [orbital body] (orbits orbital body) (logic/== q orbital)))) I am still pulling teeth to get the later examples to work. I am relatively new programming, myself, so I wonder if I am naively looking over something here, or are if these points I'm making legitimate concerns? I really want to get good at this stuff like type-hinting and core.logic, but wanna make sure I am studying up to date materials. Any illuminating facts to help clear up my confusion would be most welcome.

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Using a parser to locate faulty code

- by ryan.riverside

Lately I've been working a lot in PHP and have run into an abnormally large number of parsing errors. I realize these are my own fault and a result of sloppy initial coding on my part, but it's getting to the point that I'm spending more time resolving tags than developing. In the interest of not slamming my productivity, are there any tricks to locating the problem in the code? What I'd really be looking for would be a line to put in the code which would output the entire faulty tag in the parsing error, or something similar. Purely for reference sake, my current error is Parse error: syntax error, unexpected '}' in /home/content/80/9480880/html/cache/tpl_prosilver_viewtopic_body.html.php on line 50 (which refers to this): </dd><dd><?php if ($_poll_option_val['POLL_OPTION_RESULT'] == 0) { echo ((isset($this->_rootref['L_NO_VOTES'])) ? $this->_rootref['L_NO_VOTES'] : ((isset($user->lang['NO_VOTES'])) ? $user->lang['NO_VOTES'] : '{ NO_VOTES }')); } else { echo $_poll_option_val['POLL_OPTION_PERCENT']; } ?></dd> </dl> <?php }} if ($this->_rootref['S_DISPLAY_RESULTS']) { ?> <dl> <dt> </dt> <dd class="resultbar"><?php echo ((isset($this->_rootref['L_TOTAL_VOTES'])) ? $this->_rootref['L_TOTAL_VOTES'] : ((isset($user->lang['TOTAL_VOTES'])) ? $user->lang['TOTAL_VOTES'] : '{ TOTAL_VOTES }')); ?> : <?php echo (isset($this->_rootref['TOTAL_VOTES'])) ? $this->_rootref['TOTAL_VOTES'] : ''; ?></dd> </dl> <?php } if ($this->_rootref['S_CAN_VOTE']) { ?> <dl style="border-top: none;"> <dt> </dt> <dd class="resultbar"><input type="submit" name="update" value="<?php echo ((isset($this->_rootref['L_SUBMIT_VOTE'])) ? $this->_rootref['L_SUBMIT_VOTE'] : ((isset($user->lang['SUBMIT_VOTE'])) ? $user->lang['SUBMIT_VOTE'] : '{ SUBMIT_VOTE }')); ?>" class="button1" /></dd> </dl> <?php } if (! $this->_rootref['S_DISPLAY_RESULTS']) { ?> <dl style="border-top: none;"> <dt> </dt> <dd class="resultbar"><a href="<?php echo (isset($this->_rootref['U_VIEW_RESULTS'])) ? $this->_rootref['U_VIEW_RESULTS'] : ''; ?>"><?php echo ((isset($this->_rootref['L_VIEW_RESULTS'])) ? $this->_rootref['L_VIEW_RESULTS'] : ((isset($user->lang['VIEW_RESULTS'])) ? $user->lang['VIEW_RESULTS'] : '{ VIEW_RESULTS }')); ?></a></dd> </dl> <?php } ?> </fieldset></div>

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What GUI tools are available for which DVCS?

- by Macneil

When I worked at Sun, we used a DVC system called Forte SCCS/Teamware, which used the old SCCS file format, but was a true distributed source code revision control system. One nice feature is that it had strong GUI support: You could bringover and putback changes by simply clicking and dragging. It would draw trees/graphs showing how workspaces relate to each other. You also could have a graph view to display a single file's complete history, which might have had several branches and merges. Allowing you to compare any two points. It also had a strong visual merge tool, to let you accept changes from one of two conflicting files. Naturally, many of the current DVCSs have command line support for these operations, but I'm looking for GUI support in order to use this in a lower-level undergraduate course I'll be teaching. I'm not saying the Forte Teamware solution was perfect, but it did seem to be ahead of the curve. Unfortunately, it's not a viable option to use for my class. Question: What support do the current DVCSs have with regards to GUIs? Do any of them work on Windows, and not just Linux? Are they "ready for prime-time" or still works in progress? Are these standalone or built as plug-ins, e.g., for Eclipse? Note: To help keep this discussion focused I'm only interested in GUI tools. And not a meta-discussion if GUI tools should be used in teaching.

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C++ - Constructor or Initialize Method to Startup

- by Bob Fincheimer

I want to determine when to do non-trivial initialization of a class. I see two times to do initialization: constructor and other method. I want to figure out when to use each. Choice 1: Constructor does initialization MyClass::MyClass(Data const& data) : m_data() { // does non-trivial initialization here } MyClass::~MyClass() { // cleans up here } Choice 2: Defer initialization to an initialize method MyClass::MyClass() : m_data() {} MyClass::Initialize(Data const& data) { // does non-trivial initialization here } MyClass::~MyClass() { // cleans up here } So to try and remove any subjectivity I want to figure out which is better in a couple of situations: Class that encapsulates a resource (window/font/some sort of handle) Class that composites resources to do something (a control/domain object) Data structure classes (tree/list/etc.) [Anything else you can think of] Things to analyze: Performance Ease of use by other developers How error-prone/opportunities for bugs [Anything else you can think of]

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Does it matter the direction of a Huffman's tree child node?

- by Omega

So, I'm on my quest about creating a Java implementation of Huffman's algorithm for compressing/decompressing files (as you might know, ever since Why create a Huffman tree per character instead of a Node?) for a school assignment. I now have a better understanding of how is this thing supposed to work. Wikipedia has a great-looking algorithm here that seemed to make my life way easier. Taken from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huffman_coding: Create a leaf node for each symbol and add it to the priority queue. While there is more than one node in the queue: Remove the two nodes of highest priority (lowest probability) from the queue Create a new internal node with these two nodes as children and with probability equal to the sum of the two nodes' probabilities. Add the new node to the queue. The remaining node is the root node and the tree is complete. It looks simple and great. However, it left me wondering: when I "merge" two nodes (make them children of a new internal node), does it even matter what direction (left or right) will each node be afterwards? I still don't fully understand Huffman coding, and I'm not very sure if there is a criteria used to tell whether a node should go to the right or to the left. I assumed that, perhaps the highest-frequency node would go to the right, but I've seen some Huffman trees in the web that don't seem to follow such criteria. For instance, Wikipedia's example image http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Huffman_tree_2.svg/625px-Huffman_tree_2.svg.png seems to put the highest ones to the right. But other images like this one http://thalia.spec.gmu.edu/~pparis/classes/notes_101/img25.gif has them all to the left. However, they're never mixed up in the same image (some to the right and others to the left). So, does it matter? Why?

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Naming methods that do the same thing but return different types

- by Konstantin Ð.

Let's assume that I'm extending a graphical file chooser class (JFileChooser). This class has methods which display the file chooser dialog and return a status signature in the form of an int: APPROVE_OPTION if the user selects a file and hits Open /Save, CANCEL_OPTION if the user hits Cancel, and ERROR_OPTION if something goes wrong. These methods are called showDialog(). I find this cumbersome, so I decide to make another method that returns a File object: in the case of APPROVE_OPTION, it returns the file selected by the user; otherwise, it returns null. This is where I run into a problem: would it be okay for me to keep the showDialog() name, even though methods with that name — and a different return type — already exist? To top it off, my method takes an additional parameter: a File which denotes in which directory the file chooser should start. My question to you: Is it okay to call a method the same name as a superclass method if they return different types? Or would that be confusing to API users? (If so, what other name could I use?) Alternatively, should I keep the name and change the return type so it matches that of the other methods? public int showDialog(Component parent, String approveButtonText) // Superclass method public File showDialog(Component parent, File location) // My method

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To write or not to write: Frameworks [closed]

- by caarlos0

Today some friends and I started discussing frameworks.. Some of us strongly believe that in 99.9% of cases, writing a new framework is a bad idea. We believe that probably some of the millions of frameworks out there should fit our problem, and if not, some hack, API, or configuration should be enough. If not, we think that contributing to some framework, suggest features or something like that should be the best solution. The 0.1% is when none of the frameworks fit to our case. But, some of us say that it is better to have an "internal corporate framework" (for example), because it's faster to fix issues, creates a 100% fit with the app, because of the "learning" factor (when you improve your skills building a framework), etc. I think that to go out coding frameworks like there's no tomorrow is not the right way. I've seen a lot of small teams building their own framework just to spread the word: "we built our own framework, we rule, bro". Generally, the framework is crap, without any documentation, and only works for their own applications. Opinions are opinions, devs are devs, without the intention to start any kind of flame war, I ask: What do you think about that? What parameters you consider when building a framework? What do you think about all this?

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Objective C and ios development training courses feedback

- by Mutuelinvestor

I'm thinking about taking an Objective C / iphone/ipad development training course. Pragmatic Studio and Big Nerd Ranch appear to be the key players. I'd love to hear any feed back from anyone who has completed training with Pragmatic, Big Nerd or others. I'd interested in quality of instruction, how much you learned, strengths, weaknesses and any other valuable insights. Its a pretty big financial commitment for me and I want to get the most bang for my buck. Thanks in advance for your input.

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Approached to build app centered around new API and suddenly API is abandoned

- by LuxuryMode

This isn't a huge deal, but I was approached by colleagues/friends to build an app using their new API. There was some potential for pecuniary gain for me depending on app usage. I spent a considerable amount of time polishing the mobile app, based on my assumption that, having been approached in a serious way, that the company would not suddenly shift focus and abandon the API. I wasn't even given so much as a heads up that the API was dead even though I had an app in production that relied on it... For the most part, building the app was a learning experience which I enjoyed, but I don't think I'd have expended all the effort if I knew that the company wasn't as serious about the API as their reaching out to me clearly indicated. How, if at all, would you react?

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Is Ubuntu workable as a laptop for an IT consultant?

- by Eric Wilson

I work as a consultant programmer, typically in large businesses. I use a Windows Laptop, and many of my colleagues use a Mac. My personal preference would be to run Ubuntu if I could have complete control over my development environment. But I will have occasional need for Microsoft specific products, especially IE. My colleagues that use a Mac often run Windows on a virtual machine for these situations. My question is: Is Ubuntu a workable solution for the laptop of an enterprise programmer? For example, is it as easy to run Windows on a VM on Ubuntu as it is on a Mac? Has anyone out there tried this? Is there any particular reason why Ubuntu would not serve as well as a Mac for development in this environment? Note that I am not doing .NET development, so I am typically dealing with Java that is going to be run on an Apache server and used by clients running Windows.

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Remote Data connection in iphone app

- by Tariq- iPHONE Programmer

Hello, i am working with Social Networking iphone app which require remote data connection. So i hired a php developer in order to provide me RESTful services. But when i start working with him, he arguing me that he will not make stored procedures and web services. Instead of he suggested me to pass query as a parameter. Suppose If I have to call Search service, he told me to send POST request with 3 parameters: Query="select * from users", username=abd and password = 123 And i thing there is no such architecture in order to use remote data. Then he is saying it is possible through socket programming. And I am 100% sure this is not an appropriate way to access remote data. This is simply illogical. Thousands of iphone application using REST/SOAP services to make remote data connection He just declined me to provide RESTful services. Please its my heartily advice to all developers that post your own views over here. So that I can show to that developers that these are the views from all developers worldwide.

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Server side C# MVC with AngularJS

- by Ryan Langton

I like using .NET MVC and have used it quite a bit in the past. I have also built SPA's using AngularJS with no page loads other than the initial one. I think I want to use a blend of the two in many cases. Set up the application initially using .NET MVC and set up routing server side. Then set up each page as a mini-SPA. These pages can be quite complex with a lot of client side functionality. My confusion comes in how to handle the model-view binding using both .NET MVC and the AngularJS scope. Do I avoid the use of razor Html helpers? The Html helpers create the markup behind the scene so it could get messy trying to add angularjs tags using the helpers. So how to add ng-model for example to @Html.TextBoxFor(x = x.Name). Also ng-repeat wouldn't work because I'm not loading my model into the scope, right? I'd still want to use a c# foreach loop? Where do I draw the lines of separation? Has anyone gotten .NET MVC and AngularJS to play nicely together and what are your architectural suggestions to do so?

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Adding a forum to an existing site

- by Andrew Heath

I've got a site with ~500 registered members, 300 of which are what you'd call "active". Site data is kept in a MySQL dbase. I'd like to add a myBB forum to the site, but this question applies to any forum really. What I very much want to avoid is requiring my users to register both on the site and on the forum because my userbase is not technically literate and this would confuse a lot of them. However the forum software has its own registration, login, cookie, and password management system which naturally are different from the site's mechanics. I envision the following possibilities: install myBB into the existing database and customize the login code to unify the two systems. This would probably mean changing the site's code to use the myBB system as that would likely be less painful to refactor and wouldn't hurt future myBB upgrade ability. install myBB into separate database and write a bridging script of some sort that auto-registers existing site users with the forum if they elect to participate. Also check new forum registrations against the site's username list to prevent newcomers from taking existing names. run them fully separate and force users to re-register (easiest for ME, but least desirable for them) I would like a suggested course of action from those who have trod this path before... Thank you.

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How do you get positive criticism on your code?

- by burnt1ce

My team rarely does code review, mainly because we don't have enough time and people lack the energy and will to do so. But I would really like to know what people think about my code when they read it. This way, I have a better understanding how other people think and tailor my code accordingly so it's easier to read. So my question is, how do I get positive criticism on my code? My intent is to understand how people think so I can write more readable code.

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Does UX matter for enterprise software?

- by Ryan

I've come to notice that a lot of software that companies use for managing things like time, expenses, setting up phone systems, etc is very non-intuitive from a user experience point of view. I know personally I waste a lot of time just trying to figure out how to navigate these systems, especially if I don't have a co-worker close by who I can bug to help me out. The help files are usually just as bad as the user interface itself. Are companies that complacent or are there just not any comparable enterprise products out there which do the job for these sorts of tasks? It seems that on the consumer side there is plenty of market opportunity for creating better user experiences, but how about for enterprise software? Obviously a certain level of slickness is not going to matter to a company, but when a better UX design translates to time saved, it's hard to argue against that. Edit: I'm not referring to in-house applications, but rather off the shelf systems from large software companies.

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Is there any way to test how will the site perform under load

- by Pankaj Upadhyay

I have made an Asp.net MVC website and hosted it on a shared hosting provider. Since my website surrounds a very generic idea, it might have number of concurrent users sometime in future. So, I was thinking of a way to test my website for on-load performance. Like how will the site perform when 100 or 1000 users are online at the same time and surfing the website. This will also make me understand whether my LINQ queries are well written or not.

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