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• centos: su silently fails

  - by matteo

  On a CentOS server where I'm logged via SSH as root, I do: su otherusername where 'otherusername' is the user name of another user, which exists. It does nothing. After that, I'm still root. whoami returns root, any file I create belongs to root, that is, su just doesn't su. However it does not give any error message. If I try to su with an invalid user name it does give an error message. What am I missing??

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• Start kippo on Ubuntu startup

  - by Cory Gagliardi

  I'm setting up a new Ubuntu 14.04 server and followed these instructions to install kippo (the SSH Honeypot). To run kippo, I do: su kippo ~/kippo/start.sh The contents of start.sh is simply: #!/bin/sh echo -n "Starting kippo in background..." authbind --deep twistd -y kippo.tac -l log/kippo.log --pidfile kippo.pid Which starts up a background process for kippo. What can I do to make this automatically run on startup? Do I need to add a script that calls this in /etc/init.d?

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• how to run an AFS file server on a specific ethernet card (in Debian)

  - by listboss

  I have a linux box running Debian server with minimal number of packages (so no GUI for network management). The box has two ethernet cards, one of which (eth0) is connected to a Mac OSX computer using a cross-cable. I can bring up eth0 and assign a static ip (10.10.11.16) to it. This way I can ssh to the box through the cross-cable. This is what I run on Linux box: ifconfig eth0 10.10.11.16 netmask 255.255.255.0 up I also installed/started a file server (AFS) on Debian. So far, the file server can only be accessed through eth1 which is exposed to my home LAN and www. My goal is to set up the file server so that it's only visible through eth0. Is this possible? and if yes, how can I do it?

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• CentOS: eth0 not starting on boot

  - by Cameron Aziz

  Whenever I reboot a CentOS Hyper-V VM, eth0 does not start automatically. All I need to do is perform ifup eth0 and all is fixed, but that isn't feasible from ssh! I am starting in runlevel 3. After I perform ifup eth0 on the console: [root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:15:5D:2B:2B:07 inet addr:10.10.0.3 Bcast:10.10.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::215:5dff:fe2b:2b07/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:34 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:49 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4656 (4.5 KiB) TX bytes:6399 (6.2 KiB) Interrupt:9 Base address:0xa000 [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=none IPADDR=10.10.0.3 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=10.10.0.1 USERCTL=no ONBOOT=yes [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list | grep network network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

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• Weird behaviour with OpenVPN: can not connect to a few websites

  - by Gaby Solis

  My OpenVPN server is Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS and openvpn version is 2.x My client is on Win 7. He can access most sites but not Youtube, Facebook, Twitter, groups.google.com, etc My server.conf is: local x.x.x.x port 1194 proto udp dev tun ca /etc/openvpn/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/keys/dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 push "redirect-gateway def1" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" client-to-client keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status /etc/openvpn/keys/openvpn-status.log verb 4 I can access Youtube etc using SSH Tunnel + SOCKS Proxy, and the Ubuntu server can access all sites. so nothing is wrong with the Ubuntu server. With little information I can provide, I am not looking for a quck solution. How can I debug?

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• Is there an apache module to slow down site scans?

  - by florin

  I am administering a few web servers. Each night, random hosts from the Internet are probing them for various vulnerabilities in php, phpadmin, horde, mysqladmin, etc. Is there a way (apache plugin?) to slow down the rate of attack? For SSH, I have a rate limiting rule on the firewall, which does not allow more than three connections per minute. But I don't want to rate limit all HTTP access, only the access that returns 404s. Is there such an apache module?

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• How does the build quality of laptops compare?

  - by pgwillia

  I'm looking to replace my 5 year old laptop. I want my next laptop to endure at least this long. I typically have Thunderbird, Firefox, Eclipse Java IDE, Skype, a ssh session, and Apache Tomcat running. I'm currently running Karmic Ubuntu, but am agnostic about operating system and would move to Win 7 or OS X. I frequently travel with this computer. I also value battery longevity and power conservation (if possible). Above all I'm looking to minimize cost. I think the hardware that best meets my needs is an Intel i7 processor, 8 GB RAM, 100GB @7200 rpm or SSD hardrive, and about 15 inch monitor. These specs are met by most brands. Does anyone know specific pros/cons and build quality for Macbook Pro, Lenovo Thinkpad (W510 or T510), Sony's VPC-F1190, and ASUS G Series G73JH-X1 NoteBook? Are all i7 processors created equal? Do you have other suggestion that meet my needs?

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• Apache security for multi-user development web server.

  - by mrmartinblue

  I've been searching and reading through documents all morning and understand that I need to use some combination of chown and probably 'jailing' to securely give programmers access to directories on my centos webserver. Here's the situation: I have an apache web server that has any number of virtual sites located in /var/www/site1 /var/www/site2 etc.. I have different developers that need full access both ssh and vsFTP to only the site they are working on. What is the best way to create and maintain security in this scenario. My thought would be to create a new user for each coder, jail that user to the website directory they are allowed to work in, add their user to a group and set the webroot's owner to that group. Any thoughts? Good, bad, ugly? Thanks!

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• Running Mathimatica-5 remotely

  - by oxinabox.ucc.asn.au

  Ok, I have Mathmatica 5 - a powerful CAS. I have a cheap netbook, wich not olny is too slow to run mathmatica on, I doubt it has the harddrive space. I do however have remote access to a number of very powerful computers, (most of wich run variose linuxes, but one of which is windows server 2008) Mostly over SSH but other protocols can be arraged for some, i'm sure. (I might even be able to remote desktop the windows server 2008) So I'ld like to install Mathmatica onto one of these machine and then run it remotely. Either from the command line via putty or via some other method. I glanced through the mathmatical documentaion and read soemthing about using some MathLink program, wich linkes the front end istalled on my computer to a remote kernal. Anyone have any expirience with this? I'm not sure if this belongs here or in SuperUser.

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• Which filename encoding should I use to be compatible with Windows, Mac and Linux.

  - by jverdeyen

  I'm using a Linux server as fileshare. These files are accessed by Windows computers with a Samba server, accessed by Macs with a netatalk server (afpd) and also trough ssh an sftp for Windows, Macs and Linux system. It seems like some of these systems care about the use of characters in filenames and some don't.. There is a tool called 'convmv' to convert filenames from one to another, but which one should I use? Should I setup the Samba server for a defined file encoding? Same for netatalk?

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• Improving server security [closed]

  - by Vicenç Gascó

  I've been developing webapps for a while ... and I always had a sysadmin which made the environment perfect to run my apps with no worries. But now I am starting a project on myself, and I need to set up a server, knowing near to nothing about it. All I need to do is just have a Linux, with a webserver (I usually used Apache), PHP and MySQL. I'll also need SSH, SSL to run https:// and FTP to transfer files. I know how to install almost everything (need advice about SSL) with Ubuntu Server, but I am concerned about the security topic ... say: firewall, open/closed ports, php security, etc ... Where can I found a good guide covering this topics? Everything else in the server... I don't need it, and I wanna know how to remove it, to avoid resources consumption. Final note: I'll be running the webapp at amazon-ec2 or rackspace cloud servers. Thanks in advance!!

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• Resolving real IP address out of a dynamic dns address

  - by stavnir

  I recently opened a dynamic dns user (at no-ip for that matter..) for my own personal needs and especially for ssh-ing my computer whenever I need to, without knowing it's static IP. My questions are: Am I misusing the concept of dynamic dns? Are there more appropriate methods to do what I want to do? If not, how do I resolve my router's real ip address? Firefox somehow manages to do so, nslookup and other similar commands only resolve the ip of the ddns server (e.g. no-ip.org). Trying to figure this mystery with wireshark failed miserably ;)

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• How to enter a bash script at the command line, but not process the script until the entire script h

  - by MHGL

  I am performing some interactive testing using HP's QuickTest Professional and Linux. I am connecting via SSH and feeding the BASH script lines directly into the command line. The problem I'm having is that the script executes as it is entered. I'm attempting to find a way that I can feed the script to the command line, but save execution until the entire script is complete. Anyone have any experience around doing this? I'll admit, it isn't the ideal way to perform this, but it's what I'm faced with at the moment. Any other suggestions are welcome. Thanks!

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• ASP.NET, PostgreSQL, Mono, Ubuntu, Apache: Good idea?

  - by wreck_of_u

  I am a long-time Microsoft .NET developer. ASP.NET/MSSQL/IIS has been my bread & butter over the past 6 years. Now, I'm getting fond of the "lightweightness" of Ubuntu 10.xx server. I'm also loving SSH-ing it from my Windows 7 PC and installing apps using the awesome "apt-get" command. I've also been using HeidiSQL with MySQL now and loving it. It feels like Management Studio. However, i've read that PostgreSQL "may" be better than MySQL, and I did experience some MySQL overloads in my Moodle box (but this can be just a poor tweaking in my part). My question is, would it be a good idea to run this configuration? ASP.NET 4.0 PostgreSQL (the latest one I can apt-get!) Ubuntu 10.10 with Mono running on Apache Also, I assume I would be using Npgsql for Mono as my connector from ASP.NET to PostgreSQL?

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• using Linux vncviewer

  - by Darkoni

  when i am connecting to VNC server using wine on linux $ wine vncviewer.exe i have to enter: VNC Server: 1.1.1.21 Proxy/Reapeter: 195.29.18.33:1234 and then, when i connect, on top there is txt: 1.1.1.21:5900 (195.29.18.33:1234) mine question is: how to connect using vncviewer ? what to put in VNC_VIA_CMD ? $ export xlocalPort=1234 $ export xremoteHost=1.1.1.21 $ export xremotePort=5900 $ export xgateway=195.29.18.33 $ export VNC_VIA_CMD="/usr/bin/ssh -f -L $xlocalPort:$xremoteHost:$xremotePort $xgateway sleep 20" $ vncviewer $xremoteHost -via $xgateway and i get error: unable connect to socket: Connection refused (111) i was trying to help myself with page http://www.tightvnc.com/vncviewer.1.php Please help, couse i need to use "native" linux vncviewer installed by $ yum install tigervnc tigervnc.i686 0:1.0.90-0.13.20100420svn4030.fc13

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• Are periodic full backups really necessary on an incremental backup setup?

  - by user2229980

  I intend to use an old computer I have as a remote backup server for myself and a few other people. We are all geographically separated, and the plan is to do incremental daily backups using rsync and ssh. My original idea was to make one initial full backup then never again have to deal with the overhead of doing it, and from that moment on only copy the files changed since the last backup. I've been told that this could be bad, but I fail to understand why. Since each snapshot is comprised of hard links to the unchanged files plus the original changed ones, isn't it going to be identical to a new full backup? Why would I want to make another full backup?

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• Howto find internal IP server by external IP

  - by HWTech

  I've got 12 servers in datacenter, but can login by SSH into one of them (facade server), other servers available only from it. In hosts file we have ip list each of available servers. milkov@devel:/var/www/davel$ cat /etc/hosts 192.168.1.4 data1 192.168.1.7 data2 192.168.1.5 bground1 192.168.1.6 bground2 192.168.1.10 frontend1 192.168.1.11 frontend2 ... Also I've domain megaplan.tvigle.ru (IP 79.142.100.36). Question: How to know which one of servers serve this domain? How to find servers internal ip-address by external IP. PS: Sorry about my Eng. lng

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• Why is scp not overwriting my destination file?

  - by Noli

  I'm trying to back up a file via the command scp /tmp/backup.tar.gz hostname:/home/user/backup.tar.gz When I run it, the scp progress bar shows up and it looks like its transferring the file, however when I log into the destination server to check the file, the timestamp and filesize haven't changed from the older version, so it looks like scp didn't overwrite the old file at all. It only sees to work when I manually delete the file from the destination server. I'm running ubuntu, and this is happening on two servers: one cygwin ssh, and one fedora core 3. Anyone have any idea why this is happening? I thought scp would ONLY overwrite existing files.. Thanks

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• Nomachine 4 for X forwarding

  - by Yair

  I have been using nomachine nx client to connect from my mac to an ubuntu server for a while now and it has been a great experience. The most useful feature for me was the option to open up just one application on the remote machine, instead of a full remote desktop connection. I used to to open a terminal on the remote machine. Basically it was a much faster, much better replacement for ssh -X. All was great until I upgraded to the new version - nomachine 4. In this version I can not find that option. I have to run a full remote desktop session, which slows things down and is also much less convenient for my work. Was this option removed from the client? Or is it hiding somewhere in there and I just can't find it?

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• How do I make webmin secure?

  - by Josiah

  I want to install webmin to make server administration tasks on my Ubuntu 10.4 server easier. However I'm very nervious about having that kind of power accessable over the web. So I want to know how to secure webmin so that it can't be used to comprimise my server. So far here are my ideas, but I still don't feel comfortable: Make webmin accessable from only the localhost (how?) Use SSH tunneling to access the webmin server whenever I need to administrate it Can anyone help me with instructions on making webmin accessable only from the localhost? What other ways can I make webmin secure?

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• Ubuntu - Automatically mount external drives to /media/LABEL on boot without a user logged in?

  - by endolith

  This question is similar, but kind of the opposite of what I want. I want external USB drives to be mounted automatically at boot, without anyone logged in, to locations like /media/<label>. I don't want to have to enter all the data into fstab, partially because it's tedious and annoying, but mostly because I can't predict what I'll be plugging into it or how the partitions will change in the future. I want the drives to be accessible to things like MPD, and available when I log in with SSH. gnome-mount seems to only mount things when you are locally logged into a Gnome graphical session.

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• Perform action based on load avg

  - by sfx

  I'm running some web applications on an debian server and have to struggle with ddos attacks sometimes. It's eating up all my resources and I can't ssh anymore into the server. An idea was to drop all connections if the load avg is too high, so there are still resources for me and accept new connections if the load avg is low enough. Since this has to work under heavy load I'm afraid a cronjob wouldn't be fast enough or take too much resources. tl;dr: Is there a way to configure the behavior if the load avg is above a specific threshold?

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• Smart subdomain routing via reverse proxy

  - by Trevor Hartman

  I have two servers on my home network: OSX Server and an Ubuntu Server. I'd love to have external subdomains osx.mydomain.com point to osx and ubuntu.mydomain.com point to ubuntu. I know the normal way to do this is to have a static external IP address for each, but that's not an option as this is just my home setup. My question is: is there a way to do this with some reverse proxy trickery? OSX is currently the default entry point for all traffic. I was able to setup a reverse proxy on OSX for ubuntu.mydomain.com on port 80, so web traffic was correctly being proxied to my ubuntu. I'd like to ssh and do a bunch of other stuff though!

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• Network access to VM only from host ...

  - by Jamie

  I'm trying to do some testing of Ubuntu 10.04 Beta 2 Server in a VMWare environment. The host is XP, and the VM software is VMPlayer. Problem is, I want to be able to see the VM from the network, not just from the host. I can SSH into the VM from the host, but from any other machine on the network I can't even get the VM to respond to a ping. Going the other way (from the VM out) isn't a problem at all. The VM software did an 'easy installer' so I'm not really sure what was going on with the networking. Suggestions?

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• What ports tend to be unfiltered by boneheaded firewalls?

  - by Reid

  Hi all, I like to be able to ssh into my server (shocking, I know). The problem comes when I'm traveling, where I face a variety of firewalls in hotels and other institutions, having a variety of configurations, sometimes quite boneheaded. I'd like to set up an sshd listening on a port that has a high probability of getting through this mess. Any suggestions? The sshd currently listens on a nonstandard (but < 1024) port to avoid script kiddies knocking on the door. This port is frequently blocked, as is the other nonstandard port where my IMAP server lives. I have services running on ports 25 and 80 but anything else is fair game. I was thinking 443 perhaps. Much appreciated! Reid

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