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• sort files by date in PHP

  - by sasori

  hi, I currently have an index.php file which allows me to output the list of files inside the same directory, the output shows the names then I used filemtime() function to show the date when the file was modified. my problem now is, how will I sort the output to show the latest modified file ?, I've been thinking for awhile how to do this. if only I am doing it with mysql interaction there will be no problem at all. please show me an example how to sort and output the list of files starting from the latest modified one. this is what i have for now if ($handle = opendir('.')) { while (false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) { if ($file != "." && $file != "..") { $lastModified = date('F d Y, H:i:s',filemtime($file)); if(strlen($file)-strpos($file,".swf")== 4){ echo "<tr><td><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"box[]\"></td><td><a href=\"$file\" target=\"_blank\">$file</a></td><td>$lastModified</td></tr>"; } } } closedir($handle); }

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• libarchive reads too many chars when extracting a file

  - by ojreadmore

  I've written a C program to extract files from a tar archive using libarchive. I'd like to extract a file from this archive and print it to standard output. But I get extra characters. It's garbage, but it's from another file (possibly adjacent to it in the archive.) I expect output to end at </html>. Here is the code that reads this tar file. libarchive 2.8.3 compiled on mac os X 10.6.3. gcc 4.2 x86_64 ls -l vendar-definition.html gives me 1921 for the file size. And so shows tar tfv 0000.tar | grep vendar-definition.html. So reports the C output that states the file size. To me this seems correct. Two possibilities I can see for why my output is not as expected: 1. I've made a beginner's mistake or 2. multibyte characters in the archive files has something to do with it.

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• How to prevent the other threads from accessing a method when one thread is accessing a method?

  - by geeta

  I want to search for a string in 10 files and write the matching lines to a single file. I wrote the matching lines from each file to 10 output files(o/p file1,o/p file2...) and then copied those to a single file using 10 threads. But the output single file has mixed output(one line from o/p file1,another line from o/p file 2 etc...) because its accessed simultaneously by many threads. If I wait for all threads to complete and then write the single file it will be much slower. I want the output file to be written by one thread at a time. What should i do? My source code:(only writing to single file method) public void WriteSingle(File output_file,File final_output) throws IOException { synchronized(output_file){ System.out.println("Writing Single file"); FileOutputStream fo = new FileOutputStream(final_output,true); FileChannel fi = fo.getChannel(); FileInputStream fs = new FileInputStream(output_file); FileChannel fc = fs.getChannel(); int maxCount = (64 * 1024 * 1024) - (32 * 1024); long size = fc.size(); long position = 0; while (position < size) { position += fc.transferTo(position, maxCount, fi); } } }

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• PHP modifying and combining array

  - by Industrial

  Hi everyone, I have a bit of an array headache going on. The function does what I want, but since I am not yet to well acquainted with PHP:s array/looping functions, so thereby my question is if there's any part of this function that could be improved from a performance-wise perspective? I tried to be as complete as possible in my descriptions in each stage of the functions which shortly described prefixes all keys in an array, fill up eventual empty/non-valid keys with '' and removes the prefixes before returning the array: $var = myFunction ( array('key1', 'key2', 'key3', '111') ); function myFunction ($keys) { $prefix = 'prefix_'; $keyCount = count($keys); // Prefix each key and remove old keys for($i=0;$i<$keyCount; $i++){ $keys[] = $prefix.$keys[$i]; unset($keys[$i]); } // output: array('prefix_key1', 'prefix_key2', 'prefix_key3', '111) // Get all keys from memcached. Only returns valid keys $items = $this->memcache->get($keys); // output: array('prefix_key1' => 'value1', 'prefix_key2' => 'value2', 'prefix_key3'=>'value3) // note: key 111 was not found in memcache. // Fill upp eventual keys that are not valid/empty from memcache $return = $items + array_fill_keys($keys, ''); // output: array('prefix_key1' => 'value1', 'prefix_key2' => 'value2', 'prefix_key3'=>'value3, 'prefix_111' => '') // Remove the prefixes for each result before returning array to application foreach ($return as $k => $v) { $expl = explode($prefix, $k); $return[$expl[1]] = $v; unset($return[$k]); } // output: array('key1' => 'value1', 'key2' => 'value2', 'key3'=>'value3, '111' => '') return $return; } Thanks a lot!

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• Line End Problem Reading with Scanner Class in Java

  - by dikbas

  I am not an experienced Java programmer and i'm trying to write some text to a file and then read it with Scanner. I know there are lots of ways of doing this, but i want to write records to file with delimiters, then read the pieces. The problem is so small. When I look the output some printing isn't seen(shown in below). I mean the bold line in the Output that is only written "Scanner". I would be appreciated if anyone can answer why "String: " isn't seen there. (Please answer just what i ask) I couldn't understand if it is a simple printing problem or a line end problem with "\r\n". Here is the code and output: import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.FileWriter; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Scanner; public class Tmp { public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException { int i; boolean b; String str; FileWriter fout = new FileWriter("test.txt"); fout.write("Testing|10|true|two|false\r\n"); fout.write("Scanner|12|one|true|"); fout.close(); FileReader fin = new FileReader("Test.txt"); Scanner src = new Scanner(fin).useDelimiter("[|\\*]"); while (src.hasNext()) { if (src.hasNextInt()) { i = src.nextInt(); System.out.println("int: " + i); } else if (src.hasNextBoolean()) { b = src.nextBoolean(); System.out.println("boolean: " + b); } else { str = src.next(); System.out.println("String: " + str); } } fin.close(); } } Here is the output: String: Testing int: 10 boolean: true String: two String: false Scanner int: 12 String: one boolean: true

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• How do I check to see if a scalar has a compiled regex in it with Perl?

  - by Robert P

  Let's say I have a subroutine/method that a user can call to test some data that (as an example) might look like this: sub test_output { my ($self, $test) = @_; my $output = $self->long_process_to_get_data(); if ($output =~ /\Q$test/) { $self->assert_something(); } else { $self->do_something_else(); } } Normally, $test is a string, which we're looking for anywhere in the output. This was an interface put together to make calling it very easy. However, we've found that sometimes, a straight string is problematic - for example, a large, possibly varying number of spaces...a pattern, if you will. Thus, I'd like to let them pass in a regex as an option. I could just do: $output =~ $test if I could assume that it's always a regex, but ah, but the backwards compatibility! If they pass in a string, it still needs to test it like a raw string. So in that case, I'll need to test to see if $test is a regex. Is there any good facility for detecting whether or not a scalar has a compiled regex in it?

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• jquery fail to retrieve accurate data from sibling field.

  - by i need help

  wonder what's wrong <table id=tblDomainVersion> <tr> <td>Version</td> <td>No of sites</td> </tr> <tr> <td class=clsversion>1.25</td> <td><a id=expanddomain>3 sites</a><span id=spanshowall></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td class=clsversion>1.37</td> <td><a id=expanddomain>7 sites</a><span id=spanshowall></span></td> </tr> </table> $('#expanddomain').click(function() { //the siblings result incorrect //select first row will work //select second row will no response var versionforselected= $('#expanddomain').parent().siblings("td.clsversion").text(); alert(versionforselected); $.ajax({ url: "ajaxquery.php", type: "POST", data: 'version='+versionforselected, timeout: 900000, success: function(output) { output= jQuery.trim(output); $('#spanshowall').html(output); }, }); });

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• Is there a general-purpose printf-ish routine defined in any C standard

  - by supercat

  In many C libraries, there is a printf-style routine which is something like the following: int __vgprintf(void *info, (void)(*print_function(void*, char)), const char *format, va_list params); which will format the supplied string and call print_function with the passed-in info value and each character in sequence. A function like fprintf will pass __vgprintf the passed-in file parameter and a pointer to a function which will cast its void* to a FILE* and output the passed-in character to that file. A function like snprintf will create a struct holding a char* and length, and pass the address of that struct to a function which will output each character in sequence, space permitting. Is there any standard for such a function, which could be used if e.g. one wanted a function to output an arbitrary format to a TCP port? A common approach is to allocate a buffer one hopes is big enough, use snprintf to put the data there, and then output the data from the buffer. It would seem cleaner, though, if there were a standard way to to specify that the print formatter should call a user-supplied routine with each character.

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• Wrong logic in If Statement?

  - by Charles

  $repeat_times = mysql_real_escape_string($repeat_times); $result = mysql_query("SELECT `code`,`datetime` FROM `fc` ORDER by datetime desc LIMIT 25") or die(mysql_error()); $output .=""; $seconds = time() - strtotime($fetch_array["datetime"]); if($seconds < 60) $interval = "$seconds seconds"; else if($seconds < 3600) $interval = floor($seconds / 60) . " minutes"; else if($seconds < 86400) $interval = floor($seconds / 3600) . " hours"; else $interval = floor($seconds / 86400) . " days"; while ($fetch_array = mysql_fetch_array($result)) { $fetch_array["code"] = htmlentities($fetch_array["code"]); $output .= "<li><a href=\"http://www.***.com/code=" . htmlspecialchars(urlencode($fetch_array["code"])) . "\" target=\"_blank\">" . htmlspecialchars($fetch_array["code"]) . "</a> (" . $interval . ") ago.</li>"; } $output .=""; return $output; Why is this returning janice (14461 days) instead of janice (15 minutes ago) The datetime function table has the DATETIME type in my table so it's returning a full string for the date.

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• Why does Perl's Devel::LeakTrace::Fast point to blank files and evals?

  - by kt

  I am using Devel::LeakTrace::Fast to debug a memory leak in a perl script designed as a daemon which runs an infinite loop with sleeps until interrupted. I am having some trouble both reading the output and finding documentation to help me understand the output. The perldoc doesn't contain much information on the output. Most of it makes sense, such as pointing to globals in DBI. Intermingled with the output, however, are several leaked SV(<LOCATION>) from (eval #) line # Where the numbers are numbers and <LOCATION> is a location in memory. The script itself is not using eval at any point - I have not investigated each used module to see if evals are present. Mostly what I want to know is how to find these evals (if possible). I also find the following entries repeated over and over again leaked SV(<LOCATION>) from line # Where line # is always the same #. Not very helpful in tracking down what file that line is in.

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• Where should test classes be stored in the project?

  - by limc

  I build all my web projects at work using RAD/Eclipse, and I'm interested to know where do you guys normally store your test's *.class files. All my web projects have 2 source folders: "src" for source and "test" for testcases. The generated *.class files for both source folders are currently placed under WebContent/WEB-INF/classes folder. I want to separate the test *.class files from the src *.class files for 2 reasons:- There's no point to store them in WebContent/WEB-INF/classes and deploy them in production. Sonar and some other static code analysis tools don't produce an accurate static code analysis because it takes account of my crappy yet correct testcase code. So, right now, I have the following output folders:- "src" source folder compiles to WebContent/WEB-INF/classes folder. "test" source folder compiles to target/test-classes folder. Now, I'm getting this warning from RAD:- Broken single-root rule: A project may not contain more than one output folder. So, it seems like Eclipse-based IDEs prefer one project = one output folder, yet it provides an option for me to set up a custom output folder for my additional source folder from the "build path" dialog, and then it barks at me. I know I can just disable this warning myself, but I want to know how you guys handle this. Thanks.

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• How do I check if a scalar has a compiled regex in it with Perl?

  - by Robert P

  Let's say I have a subroutine/method that a user can call to test some data that (as an example) might look like this: sub test_output { my ($self, $test) = @_; my $output = $self->long_process_to_get_data(); if ($output =~ /\Q$test/) { $self->assert_something(); } else { $self->do_something_else(); } } Normally, $test is a string, which we're looking for anywhere in the output. This was an interface put together to make calling it very easy. However, we've found that sometimes, a straight string is problematic - for example, a large, possibly varying number of spaces...a pattern, if you will. Thus, I'd like to let them pass in a regex as an option. I could just do: $output =~ $test if I could assume that it's always a regex, but ah, but the backwards compatibility! If they pass in a string, it still needs to test it like a raw string. So in that case, I'll need to test to see if $test is a regex. Is there any good facility for detecting whether or not a scalar has a compiled regex in it?

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• How to do i18n and create Windows Installer of Haskell programs?

  - by Aufheben

  I'm considering using Haskell to develop for a little commercial project. The program must be internationalized (to Simplified Chinese, to be specific), and my customer requests that it should be delivered in a one-click Windows Installer form. So basically these are the two problems I'm facing now: I18n of Haskell programs: the method described in Internationalization of Haskell programs did work (partially) if I change the command of executing the program from LOCALE=zh_CN.UTF-8 ./Main to LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 ./Main (I'm working on Ubuntu 10.10), however, the Chinese output is garbled, and I've no idea why is that. Distribution on Windows: I'm used to work under Linux and build & package my Haskell programs using Cabal, but what is the most natural way to create a one-click Windows Installer from a cabalized Haskell package? Is the package bamse the right way to go? ------ Details for the first problem ------ What I did was: $ hgettext -k __ -o messages.pot Main.hs $ msginit --input=messages.pot --locale=zh_CN.UTF-8 (Edit the zh_CN.po file, adding Chinese translation) $ mkdir -p zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES $ msgfmt --output-file=zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/hello.mo zh_CN.po $ ghc --make Main.hs $ LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 ./Main And the output was like: This indicates gettext is actually working, but for some reason the generated zh_CN.mo file is broken (my guess). I'm pretty sure my zh_CN.po file is encoded in UTF-8. Plus, aside from using System.IO.putStrLn, I also tried System.IO.UTF8.putStrLn to output the string, which didn't work either.

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• Populate JOIN into a list in one database query

  - by axio

  I am trying to get the records from the 'many' table of a one-to-many relationship and add them as a list to the relevant record from the 'one' table. I am also trying to do this in a single database request. Code derived from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1580199/linq-to-sql-populate-join-result-into-a-list almost achieves the intended result, but makes one database request per entry in the 'one' table which is unacceptable. That failing code is here: var res = from variable in _dc.GetTable<VARIABLE>() select new { x = variable, y = variable.VARIABLE_VALUEs }; However if I do a similar query but loop through all the results, then only a single database request is made. This code achieves all goals: var res = from variable in _dc.GetTable<VARIABLE>() select variable; List<GDO.Variable> output = new List<GDO.Variable>(); foreach (var v2 in res) { List<GDO.VariableValue> values = new List<GDO.VariableValue>(); foreach (var vv in v2.VARIABLE_VALUEs) { values.Add(VariableValue.EntityToGDO(vv)); } output.Add(EntityToGDO(v2)); output[output.Count - 1].VariableValues = values; } However the latter code is ugly as hell, and it really feels like something that should be do-able in a single linq query. So, how can this be done in a single linq query that makes only a single database query? In both cases the table is set to preload using the following code: _dc = _db.CreateLinqDataContext(); var loadOptions = new DataLoadOptions(); loadOptions.LoadWith<VARIABLE>(v => v.VARIABLE_VALUEs); _dc.LoadOptions = loadOptions; I am using .NET 3.5, and the database back-end was generated using SqlMetal.

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• Esper generating episodes

  - by Jasonojh

  I would like to use Esper to generate episodes of events. I am trying to detect the changes in robot movement during each time period and was wondering what would be the best way of implementation. The rules for generation of episodes from the events would be If the new event time(eg. 7sec, robot A) of a robot is more than 3 sec than the latest event(eg. 3 sec, robot A) of the same robot, the new event belongs to a new episode. Each episode should represent only one robot (eg. 2sec, robotA and 3sec, robotB should output 2 episodes) Input data: Event Time Robot Position 1 1 A 0 2 2 A 1 3 6 A 2 Output data should be: Array[0]={Event 1,Event 2} Array[1]={Event 3} //more than 3 sec Input data: Event Time Robot Position 1 1 A 0 2 2 A 1 3 4 B 0 4 6 A 2 Output data should be: Array[0]={Event 1,Event 2} Array[1]={Event 3} //different robot Array[2]={Event 4} Please help provide suggestions. I have tried using mulitple listeners, one for each robot, to create episodes and it works but I am trying to use a single EPL statement to do it. I have tried win:time_accum(3sec) group by robot but the second example output: Array[0]={Event 1,Event 2, Event 4} Array[1]={Event 3} as the time window is shifted everytime an event comes in, the system still thinks that event 4 is less than 3 sec due to event 3. how do I create a unique time window for each robot? Thank you for your suggestions and any help is greatly appreciated.

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• Ping script with email in vbs

  - by matthias

  Hello, i know i ask the question about the ping script but now i have a new question about it :-) I hope someone can help me again. strText = "here comes the mail message" strFile = "test.log" PingForever strHost, strFile Sub PingForever(strHost, outputfile) Dim Output, Shell, strCommand, ReturnCode Set Output = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").OpenTextFile(outputfile, 8, True) Set Shell = CreateObject("wscript.shell") strCommand = "ping -n 1 -w 300 " & strHost While(True) ReturnCode = Shell.Run(strCommand, 0, True) If ReturnCode = 0 Then Output.WriteLine Date() & " - " & Time & " | " & strHost & " - ONLINE" Else Output.WriteLine Date() & " - " & Time & " | " & strHost & " - OFFLINE" Set objEmail = CreateObject("CDO.Message") objEmail.From = "[email protected]" objEmail.To = "[email protected]" objEmail.Subject = "Computer" & strHost & " is offline" objEmail.Textbody = strText objEmail.Configuration.Fields.Item _ ("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusing") = 2 objEmail.Configuration.Fields.Item _ ("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpserver") = _ "smtpadress" objEmail.Configuration.Fields.Item _ ("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpserverport") = 25 objEmail.Configuration.Fields.Update objEmail.Send End If Wscript.Sleep 2000 Wend End Sub My problem is now, the mail comes all 2 seconds, when the computer are offline. Can someone show me how to make it with flags? So only one mail comes when its offline? Thanks for your help.

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• perl multithreading issue for autoincrement

  - by user3446683

  I'm writing a multi threaded perl script and storing the output in a csv file. I'm trying to insert a field called sl.no. in the csv file for each row entered but as I'm using threads, the sl. no. overlaps in most. Below is an idea of my code snippet. for ( my $count = 1 ; $count <= 10 ; $count++ ) { my $t = threads->new( \&sub1, $count ); push( @threads, $t ); } foreach (@threads) { my $num = $_->join; } sub sub1 { my $num = shift; my $start = '...'; #distributing data based on an internal logic my $end = '...'; #distributing data based on an internal logic my $next; for ( my $x = $start ; $x <= $end ; $x++ ) { my $count = $x + 1; #part of code from which I get @data which has name and age my $j = 0; if ( $x != 0 ) { $count = $next; } foreach (@data) { #j is required here for some extra code flock( OUTPUT, LOCK_EX ); print OUTPUT $count . "," . $name . "," . $age . "\n"; flock( OUTPUT, LOCK_UN ); $j++; $count++; } $next = $count; } return $num; } I need the count to be incremented which is the serial number for the rows that would be inserted in the csv file. Any help would be appreciated.

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• PHP Pass Dynamic Array name to function

  - by Brad

  How do I pass an array key to a function to pull up the right key's data? // The array <?php $var['TEST1'] = Array ( 'Description' => 'This is a Description', 'Version' => '1.11', 'fields' => Array( 'ID' => array( 'type' => 'int', 'length' =>'11', 'misc' =>'auto_increment' ), 'DATA' => array( 'type' => 'varchar', ' length' => '255' ) ); $var['TEST2'] = Array ( 'Description' =? 'This is the 2nd Description', 'Version' => '2.1', 'fields' => Array( 'ID' => array( 'type' => 'int', 'length' =>'11', 'misc' =>'auto_increment' ), 'DATA' => array( 'type' => 'varchar', ' length' => '255' ) ) // The function <?php $obj = 'TEST1'; print_r($schema[$obj]); // <-- Fives me output. But calling the function doesn't. echo buildStructure($obj); /** * @TODO to add auto_inc support */ function buildStructure($obj) { $output = ''; $primaryKey = $schema["{$obj}"]['primary key']; foreach ($schema["{$obj}"]['fields'] as $name => $tag) // #### ERROR #### Invalid argument supplied for foreach() { $type = $tag['type']; $length = $tag['length']; $default = $tag['default']; $description = $tag['description']; $length = (isset($length)) ? "({$length})" : ''; $default = ($default == NULL ) ? "NULL" : $default; $output .= "`{$name}` {$type}{$length} DEFAULT {$default} COMMENT `{$DESCRIPTION}`, "; } return $output; }

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• How to remove the first and last character from a file using batch script?

  - by infant programmer

  This is my input file content which I am using to copy to the output file. #sdfs|dfasf|sdfs| sdfs|df!@$%%*&!sdffs| sasdfasfa|dfsdf|#sdfs| What I need to do is to omit the first character '#' and last character '|' in the output file. So the output will be, sdfs|dfasf|sdfs| sdfs|df!@$%%*&!sdffs| sasdfasfa|dfsdf|#sdfs Batch script is new to me, but I tried my best and tried these codes, :: drop first and last char @echo off > xyz.txt & setLocal EnableDelayedExpansion for /f "tokens=* delims=" %%a in (E:\abc1.txt) do ( set str=%%a set str=!str:~1! echo !str!>> xyz.txt ) and @echo off > xyz.txt setLocal EnableDelayedExpansion for /f "tokens=1,2 delims= " %%a in (E:\abc1.txt) do ( set /a N+=1 if !N! gtr 2 ( echo %%a >> xyz.txt ) else ( set str=%%a set str=!str:#=! echo !str! >> xyz.txt ) ) As you can see they are not able to produce the required output.

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• Why is no encoding set in reponse by tomcat? How can I deal with it?

  - by Dishayloo

  I had recently a problem with encoding of websites generated by servlet, that occured if the servlets were deployed under tomcat, but not under jetty. I did a little bit of research about it and simplified the problem to the following servlet: public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet implements Servlet { @Override public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { response.setContentType("text/plain"); Writer output = response.getWriter(); output.write("öäüÖÄÜß"); output.flush(); output.close(); } } If I deploy this under Jetty and direct the browser to it, it returns the expected result. The data is returned as ISO-8859-1 and if I take a look into the headers, then Jetty returns: Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 The browser detects the encoding from this header. If I deploy the same servlet in a tomcat, the browser shows up strange characters. But Tomcat also returns the data as ISO-8859-1, the difference is, that no header tells about it. So the browser has to guess the encoding, and that goes wrong. My question is, is that behaviour of tomcat correct or a bug? And if it is correct, how can I avoid this problem? Sure, I can always add response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); to the servlet, but that means I set a fixed encoding, that the browser might or might not understand. The problem is more relevant, if no browser but another service accesses the servlet. So how I should deal with the problem in the most flexible way?

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• Trying to make a reusable function and display the result in a div

  - by user3709033

  I have this function that I am trying to work with. All I am trying to do is to get the values of days, hours, min and sec into the .overTime div. I want to use the same function over and over again because i have more divs in which I want to display the same values but in a diff manner. You guys are awesome Thank You. NowTime = new Date(); //Time Now StartTime = new Date($('#StartTime').val()); StopTime = new Date($('#StopTime').val()); function fixIntegers(integer){ if (integer < 0) integer = 0; if (integer < 10) return '0' + integer; return '' + integer; } function Test( difference ) { var toReturn = { days: 0, hours: 0, minutes: 0, seconds: 0 }; toReturn.seconds = fixIntegers(difference % 60); difference = Math.floor(difference / 60); toReturn.minutes = fixIntegers(difference % 60); difference = Math.floor(difference / 60); toReturn.hours = fixIntegers(difference % 24); difference = Math.floor(difference / 24); toReturn.days = fixIntegers(difference); return toReturn; } function run() { var output = Test( Math.floor( ( NowTime - StopTime ) / 1000 ) ); $('.OverTime').html( output.days + ':' + output.hours + ':' + output.minutes + ':' + seconds); } setInterval(run, 1000) FIDDLE: http://jsfiddle.net/8943U/47/

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• Iterative Reduction to Null Matrix

  - by user1459032

  Here's the problem: I'm given a matrix like Input: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 At each step, I need to find a "second" matrix of 1's and 0's with no two 1's on the same row or column. Then, I'll subtract the second matrix from the original matrix. I will repeat the process until I get a matrix with all 0's. Furthermore, I need to take the least possible number of steps. I need to print all the "second" matrices in O(n) time. In the above example I can get to the null matrix in 3 steps by subtracting these three matrices in order: Expected output: 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 I have coded an attempt, in which I am finding the first maximum value and creating the second matrices based on the index of that value. But for the above input I am getting 4 output matrices, which is wrong: My output: 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 My solution works for most of the test cases but fails for the one given above. Can someone give me some pointers on how to proceed, or find an algorithm that guarantees optimality? Test case that works: Input: 0 2 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 Output 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0

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• How can I use io.StringIO() with the csv module?

  - by Tim Pietzcker

  I tried to backport a Python 3 program to 2.7, and I'm stuck with a strange problem: >>> import io >>> import csv >>> output = io.StringIO() >>> output.write("Hello!") # Fail: io.StringIO expects Unicode Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: unicode argument expected, got 'str' >>> output.write(u"Hello!") # This works as expected. 6L >>> writer = csv.writer(output) # Now let's try this with the csv module: >>> csvdata = [u"Hello", u"Goodbye"] # Look ma, all Unicode! (?) >>> writer.writerow(csvdata) # Sadly, no. Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: unicode argument expected, got 'str' According to the docs, io.StringIO() returns an in-memory stream for Unicode text. It works correctly when I try and feed it a Unicode string manually. Why does it fail in conjunction with the csv module, even if all the strings being written are Unicode strings? Where does the str come from that causes the Exception? (I do know that I can use StringIO.StringIO() instead, but I'm wondering what's wrong with io.StringIO() in this scenario)

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• How to set title and class in the HTML for the options of a ModelChoiceField?

  - by celopes

  I have a model class MyModel(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=80, unique=True) parent = models.ForeignKey('self', null=True, blank=True) I want to render a ModelChoiceField for that model that looks like: <select name="mymodel" id="id_mymodel"> <option value="1" title="Value 1" class="">Value 1</option> <option value="2" title="Value 2" class="Value 1">Value 2</option> </select> The differences between this output and the default output for a ModelChoiceField are the title and class elements in the OPTION tag. They don't exist in ModelChoiceField's default output. For my purposes: The title element is supposed to be the Option Name. The class element is supposed to be self.parent.name. (this is my problem) So, in the HTML snippet above, Value 1 has no parent and Value 2 has a parent of Value 1. What is the best mechanism to change ModelChoiceField's default HTML output? EDIT: I understand how to create a new Widget for rendering HTML. The problem is how to render a value from the underlying model in each of the options.

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• PHP shell_exec() - Run directly, or perform a cron (bash/php) and include MySQL layer?

  - by Jimbo

  Sorry if the title is vague - I wasn't quite sure how to word it! What I'm Doing I'm running a Linux command to output data into a variable, parse the data, and output it as an array. Array values will be displayed on a page using PHP, and this PHP page output is requested via AJAX every 10 seconds so, in effect, the data will be retrieved and displayed/updated every 10 seconds. There could be as many as 10,000 characters being parsed on every request, although this is usually much lower. Alternative Idea I want to know if there is a better* alternative method of retrieving this data every 10 seconds, as multiple users (<10) will be having this command executed automatically for them. A cronjob running on the server could execute either bash or php (which is faster?) to grab the data and store it in a MySQL database. Then, any AJAX calls to the PHP output would return values in the MySQL database rather than making a direct call to execute server code every 10 seconds. Why? I know there are security concerns with running execs directly from PHP, and (I hope this isn't micro-optimisation) I'm worried about CPU usage on the server. The server is running a sempron processor. Yes, they do still exist. Having this only execute when the user is on the page (idea #1) means that the server isn't running code that doesn't need to be run. However, is this slow and insecure? Just in case the type of linux command may be of assistance in determining it's efficiency: shell_exec("transmission-remote $host:$port --auth $username:$password -l"); I'm hoping that there are differences in efficiency and level of security with the two methods I have outlined above, and that this isn't just micro-micro-optimisation. If there are alternative methods that are better*, I'd love to learn about these! :)

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