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  • How to add a service to the S runlevel in Debian?

    - by MasterM
    I have the following script (what it does exactly is not important): #!/bin/sh -e ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: watchdog_early # Required-Start: udev # Required-Stop: # Default-Start: S # Default-Stop: # X-Interactive: true # Short-Description: Start watchdog early. ### END INIT INFO # Do stuff here... I insert it into the S runlevel by invoking: insserv watchdog_early The aproriate link is created in /etc/rcS.d: S04watchdog_early -> ../init.d/watchdog_early and /etc/init.d/watchdog_early is executable (has mode 755). Despite all this, it is NOT being run at boot. Why?

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  • Is email forwarding to the sender's address usually blocked in Mail servers / MTA?

    - by codecowboy
    I've noticed that email forwarding to an address seems not to work if I send an email from the address to which I am forwarding email. This happens for GMail and Fasthosts mail servers. e.g I send an email to [email protected] from [email protected] , [email protected] is set to forward to [email protected] and the email never arrives. I realise this seems logical but it is a potential cause of confusion when testing email functionality in a web application (for me, anyway ;-). I would just like to know if this is standard for all MTA software so I can avoid confusing myself.

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  • running more than one command line commands inside for loop

    - by klijo
    i have a folder containing images and i want to determine its Compression method used. So i would loop through the folder and do a grep Compression like this and note i have installed grep for windows for %f in (*.jpg) do identify -verbose "%f" | grep Compression >> info.txt However i need to write the file name and compression technique used so i modified the above command for %f in (*.jpg) do identify -verbose "%f" | grep Compression & echo "%f" & echo: >> info.txt But the problem is that i get a blank txt file. Could someone pleas help me.

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  • How do networking ports work? Can I configure the ports that client and server use?

    - by joedotnot
    Let's say i have a "server" program listening on address 1.2.3.4:69 (i.e. remote port 69) When i connect from a "client" program to it, typically i would specify the IP address + port of the target or server system; But what port would the client be using ? And how does the server know which port to connect back to the client on? I understand this question is very general, but just wanting to get a general feel for how things work. Then extending this to a specific protocol, say FTP (typical port 21), can I change it such that the server uses port 69, but the client uses port 100? And similarly, for Remote Desktop in WinXP (typical port 3389), i know how to change the server port to be something other than 3389, but how does one change what port the client uses (if at all possible)?

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  • Mitigating the 'firesheep' attack at the network layer?

    - by pobk
    What are the sysadmin's thoughts on mitigating the 'firesheep' attack for servers they manage? Firesheep is a new firefox extension that allows anyone who installs it to sidejack session it can discover. It does it's discovery by sniffing packets on the network and looking for session cookies from known sites. It is relatively easy to write plugins for the extension to listen for cookies from additional sites. From a systems/network perspective, we've discussed the possibility of encrypting the whole site, but this introduces additional load on servers and screws with site-indexing, assets and general performance. One option we've investigated is to use our firewalls to do SSL Offload, but as I mentioned earlier, this would require all of the site to be encrypted. What's the general thoughts on protecting against this attack vector? I've asked a similar question on StackOverflow, however, it would be interesting to see what the systems engineers thought.

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  • Connecting to iSCSI Target

    - by Joost Verdaasdonk
    I've installed Microsoft iSCSI Software Target 3.3 on a server 2008 R2 machine and created a new iSCSI Target. In the target I created a new Virtual Disk. From another server I started iSCSI Initiator and in Targets | Target I typed the IP of the Target. (Also tried DNS name.) But when I click Refresh I never see the target. Through googling I found this Youtube tut from a French guy doing pretty much what I did (only difference is I'm in a domain). I first though that maybe Port 3260 was closed but its not I can telnet to it. Also disabled all firewalls to see if that was blocking anything... No luck so far. Does anybody know of possible reasons why I can't connect to the iSCSI Target? If I can provide more info please let me know what's needed? Extra info: I've used this tut to set things up.

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  • Frequent occurence of FULL GC.

    - by Viji
    Hi, There is a frequent occurence of FULL GC in our system. We are using Java application running on Tomcat server. Our application is running using internal load balancer setup. We are seeing lot of Full GC's in the server logs due to which the application is hung and Proxy errors are occured. The Java parameter values we are using are: Webapp wrapper: wrapper.java.additional.4=-Xms382M wrapper.java.additional.5=-Xmx1024M Backapp wrapper: wrapper.java.additional.4=-Xms382M wrapper.java.additional.5=-Xmx1024M The error found in webapp wrapper logs: INFO | jvm 1 | 2010/11/26 09:33:19 | [PSYoungGen: 1398460K-140291K(1514624K)] 4623364K-3491394K(5009920K), 0.7285303 secs] [Times: user=1.42 sys=0.00, real=0.72 secs] INFO | jvm 1 | 2010/11/26 09:33:19 | 68539.126: [Full GC DEBUG | wrapperp | 2010/11/26 09:33:19 | send a packet PING : ping Tried to change the JVM values to increase the heap size. But of no use. I suspect that there could be some other reason other than these parameters which is causing the issue. Can anyone please help me on this?

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  • Bsplayer - load audio tracks from external files

    - by torran
    I have a movie file: Video ID : 1 Format : AVC Format/Info : Advanced Video Codec Format profile : [email protected] Format settings, CABAC : Yes Format settings, ReFrames : 5 frames Muxing mode : Container [email protected] Codec ID : V_MPEG4/ISO/AVC Duration : 54mn 13s Bit rate : 3 380 Kbps Nominal bit rate : 3 459 Kbps Width : 1 280 pixels Height : 720 pixels Display aspect ratio : 16:9 Frame rate : 23.976 fps Resolution : 8 bits Colorimetry : 4:2:0 Scan type : Progressive Bits/(Pixel*Frame) : 0.153 Stream size : 1.28 GiB (88%) Writing library : x264 core 88 r1471 1144615 Audio ID : 2 Format : AC-3 Format/Info : Audio Coding 3 Codec ID : A_AC3 Duration : 54mn 16s Bit rate mode : Constant Bit rate : 384 Kbps Channel(s) : 6 channels Channel positions : Front: L C R, Side: L R, LFE Sampling rate : 48.0 KHz Stream size : 149 MiB (10%) and additional audio files in same folder: .mp3 and .ac3. How can I load them with bsplayer? Right click-audio-audio streams is empty. If i open the movie with media players classic I can switch audio files.

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  • Linux clock loses 10 minutes every week

    - by PaKempf
    One of my linux server's clock loses 10 minutes every now and then, nearly every week. I update the time so it stays correct, and although it doesn't really bother me, i'd like to fix it. I've been searching around a bit. Nothing can be responsible in the crontab, and i can't find any related message in the logs. Some people seem to use ntp to fix that kind of issue, but i'd prefer not to use an unecessary component on it. Uname result : Linux unis-monitor 2.6.32-5-686 #1 SMP Mon Feb 25 01:04:36 UTC 2013 i686 GNU/Linux Cat message : cat messages Jul 14 06:25:06 unis-monitor rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="4.6.4" x-pid="882" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed, type 'lightweight'. Jul 15 06:25:05 unis-monitor rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="4.6.4" x-pid="882" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed, type 'lightweight'. Cat syslog cat syslog Jul 15 06:25:05 unis-monitor rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="4.6.4" x-pid="882" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] rsyslogd was HUPed, type 'lightweight'. Jul 15 06:39:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15272]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 07:09:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15465]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 07:17:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15521]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly) Jul 15 07:39:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15662]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 08:09:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15855]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 08:17:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[15911]: (root) CMD ( cd / && run-parts --report /etc/cron.hourly) Jul 15 08:39:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[16052]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) Jul 15 09:09:01 unis-monitor /USR/SBIN/CRON[16273]: (root) CMD ( [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && find /var/lib/php5/ -type f -cmin +$(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime) -delete) So if you have any clue of where to look or what i could use to monitor those date change ? Here is some more infos : the server is a virtual server hosted on HyperV on a win 2012 server. Don't know if it changes anything, seen the other servers hosted don't have this issue...

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  • SharePoint Session Management - which SQL Server option?

    - by frumious
    We're developing some custom web parts for our WSS 3 intranet, and have just run into something we'd like to use ASP.NET sessions for. This isn't currently enabled on the development server. We'd like to use SQL Server as the storage mechanism, because the production environment is a web farm with very simple load-balancing. There are 3 options you can choose from to set up the SQL Server session storage, tempdb, default separate DB, named DB. Both tempdb and default separate DB create a new DB to store certain information in; tempdb stores the actual session info in tempdb, which doesn't survive a reboot, and default separate DB stores everything in the new DB. Since you've got to create the new DB either way, my question is this: why would you ever choose to store the session info in tempdb? The only thing I can think of is if you'd like to have the ability to wipe the session by rebooting the server, but that seems quite apocalyptic!

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  • How do I install a language pack in Windows 7 Home Premium?

    - by ekaj
    Specifically, I want Korean (link), but I hope this helps other people in general. According to this page, it is only possible for Ultimate and Enterprise. Specifically, I'd like to enable my keyboard to type in Korean, and I specified Korean as the input language (Start - type "Input Languages", only result). Under the General tab, I selected Add, and specified Korean.. but it doesn't work, because the language pack isn't installed I presume. Would anyone know how to add different language input / packs to Windows 7 Home Premium? Also, I tried following this tutorial on adding a language pack to HP, but the .cab keeps disappearing so it will not work. Note: Unlike the link in the tutorial as well, I do not have an option to change the display language of Windows, only the option to change input methods.

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  • How to identify Draft from Inbox and Sent mails In ALL MAIl mailbox

    - by Subbi
    Hello, I am working on a mail client Application for downloading gmail emails, which uses IMAP C-client library. I want to download emails from "ALLMAIL" mailbox folder. as you know ALLMAIL folder consists of Inbox,Sent Mail and Draft Mails. Here my requirement is to distinguish Draft from Inbox and Sent mails. Usually if we download envelop of emails, that should give email's Draft info. But Gmail is failing to set this draft info. So can you please suggest how to identify draft? Thanks In advance Subbi

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  • AD Local Admins without password sharing

    - by Cocoabean
    My team is building out an Active Directory environment in a small grad school with support for general computer labs, and staff/faculty machine and account management. We have a team of student consultants that are hired to do general help desk work. As of now we have a local admin account on every machine. It has the same password and all of us know it. I know it's not best practice and I want to avoid this with the new setup. We want to have local admin accounts in case there are network issues that prevent AD authentication, but we do not want this account to be generic with a shared password. Is there a way we can get each machine to cache the necessary information to authenticate a group of local admins so that if AD is somehow inaccessible, student consultants can still login with their AD admin accounts?

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  • Mail Server on Google Apps, Hotmail Blocks

    - by detay
    My company provides private research tools (sites) for companies. Each site has its own domain name and users. These sites need to be able to send outbound mail for notifications such as password reminders. We started using Google Apps for this purpose, but lately we are having tremendous problems with mailing, especially to hotmail. I added the SPF record as required. Mxtoolbox says my domains are not in any blacklists. I was told to contact https://postmaster.live.com/snds/addnetwork.aspx and add my network. Given that I am using google's mail servers for sending mail, should I add their IP address for registering my domain? Or should I add my server's IP even though I am not hosting the mail server on it? Here's an example of a returned message; > Delivered-To: [email protected] Received: by 10.112.1.195 with SMTP > id 3csp62757lbo; > Mon, 10 Dec 2012 10:42:55 -0800 (PST) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; > d=gmail.com; s=20120113; > h=mime-version:from:to:x-failed-recipients:subject:message-id:date > :content-type; > bh=x41JiCH75hsonh+5c/kzwIs7R8u4Hum2u396lkV3g2w=; > b=v+bBPvufqfVkNz2UrnhyyoGj1Cuwf6x/yMj0IXJgH27uJU7TqBOvbwnNHf33sQ7B9T > uGzxwryC2fmxBh72cGz1spwWK348nUp6KK73MXKnF8mpc3nPQ8Ke+EQpSPeJdq/7oZvd > scZTGpy//IiGEUDU5bJ7YPqYXQRycY5N6AF5iI4mWWwbS4opybp3IKpDDktu11p/YEEO > Fj9wnSCx3nLMXB/XZgSjjmnaluGhYNdh3JFtz83Vmr50qXTG/TuIXlkirP73GfGvIt2S > 7sy8/YdEbZR92mYe9wucditYr7MOuyjyYrZYCg+weXeTZiJX1PfBVieD+kD9MnCairnP > rQeQ== Received: by 10.14.215.197 with SMTP id e45mr52766237eep.0.1355164974784; > Mon, 10 Dec 2012 10:42:54 -0800 (PST) MIME-Version: 1.0 Return-Path: <> Received: by 10.14.215.197 with SMTP id > e45mr65950764eep.0; Mon, 10 Dec 2012 10:42:54 -0800 (PST) From: Mail > Delivery Subsystem <[email protected]> To: > [email protected] X-Failed-Recipients: ********@hotmail.fr > Subject: Delivery Status Notification (Failure) Message-ID: > <[email protected]> Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2012 > 18:42:54 +0000 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 > > Delivery to the following recipient failed permanently: > > *********@hotmail.fr > > Technical details of permanent failure: Message rejected. See > http://support.google.com/mail/bin/answer.py?answer=69585 for more > information. > > ----- Original message ----- > > Received: by 10.14.215.197 with SMTP id > e45mr52766228eep.0.1355164974700; > Mon, 10 Dec 2012 10:42:54 -0800 (PST) Return-Path: <[email protected]> Received: from WIN-1BBHFMJGUGS ([91.93.102.12]) > by mx.google.com with ESMTPS id l3sm26787704eem.14.2012.12.10.10.42.53 > (version=TLSv1/SSLv3 cipher=OTHER); > Mon, 10 Dec 2012 10:42:54 -0800 (PST) Message-ID: <[email protected]> MIME-Version: 1.0 > From: [email protected] To: *********@hotmail.fr Date: Mon, 10 Dec > 2012 10:42:54 -0800 (PST) Subject: Rejoignez-nous sur achbanlek.com > Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: > base64 > > ----- End of message -----

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  • Why won't Windows use the other CPU cores?

    - by revloc02
    In Windows Task Manager the Performance tab shows the first CPU maxed out, the other 7 just idling along with the occasional spike. What gives? More info: I've got 8GB and only 4.5GB are being used. The Processes tab has no indication of any process hogging processing power. In fact System Idle Process is 98-99. When I program stuff and have like 8 to 12 applications going (several directly unrelated to programming of course) my computer slows to a crawl. Sysyem Info: Intel Core i7-2600K Processor (quad-core with hyper-threading), 8GB RAM, Intel BOXDZ68BC LGA 1155 Motherboard, 500GB HDD

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  • Why is my system using port 4?

    - by Kathleen
    I have Windows 7 and have noticed that my system is using port 4 to connect to a lot of different IP addresses. When it connects to them it is not for very long before it moves to another IP address. One night I sat and wrote down as many as I could and started checking whois to see where they were and they were from all over the world. I don't understand this. When I did a search on the net with this question. The only info I could come up with was, that port 4 is used by the US Army and a list of port assignments listed it as "unassigned". If anyone has any clues to what is going on... I would greatly appreciate any info I could get.

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  • tomcat processParameters complains about "invalid chunk ignored"

    - by cgicgi
    I am hosting a software system running under tomcat for quite a number of customers. Some of these send invalid URLs as request. These URLs may contain "&=" or "&&", which is not within the http specs. Now my tomcat complains about the following: "08.09.2010 12:36:04 org.apache.tomcat.util.http.Parameters processParameters WARNING: Parameters: Invalid chunk '' ignored." It is no problem, as is doesn't affect the operation in any way. Only problem ist that the tomcat/logs/catalina.out is growing with every single request. In the net you can find suggestions like: - Fix your URLs (which I can't, as it is the customers who send them) - Raise tomcats log level to ERROR (which I don't want to do, as it would suppress INFO like "INFO: Reloading context [/ContextName]" and other stuff you want to know. - Redirect the log to the application log (which won't solve the problem, as the message will flood just another log) Does anyone know how to solve the problem at its ROOT, which means: Tell tomcat not to complain about invalid request parameters any longer

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  • Why don't they clean up the Windows folder? [on hold]

    - by NeoLegends
    To me, that thing seems like an utter mess, at least most parts. Some are pretty organized (.NET and GAC-Folders), but most of the others (System32) are not. Wouldn't it improve the general developer productivity if they cleaned it all up? In general - I don't know why they didn't stop that folder becoming a huge mess, and why they don't take any efforts to reduce it. (Win 8 Settings App sits in System32 while Store sits in Root directory, iirc) FHS isn't perfect, but it's far better than that...

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  • Copy data from Access to the next row in Excel

    - by edmon
    I have a MS Access database for a small Hotel. On the main form I have Guest Information fields...(Name, Address, Phone#, etc). I also have an Excel file that keeps track of bookings for the Hotel. The following code takes the Guest information from my form in Access and populates the labeled cells in my Excel file. Dim objXLApp As Object Dim objXLBook As Object Set objXLApp = CreateObject("Excel.Application") Set objXLBook = objXLApp.Workbooks.Open("Y:\123files\E\Hotel Reservation.xls") objXLApp.Application.Visible = True objXLBook.ActiveSheet.Range("B2") = Me.GuestFirstName & " " & GuestLastName objXLBook.ActiveSheet.Range("C2") = Me.PhoneNumber objXLBook.ActiveSheet.Range("D2") = Me.cboCheckInDate objXLBook.ActiveSheet.Range("E2") = Me.cboCheckOutDate objXLBook.ActiveSheet.Range("G2") = Me.RoomType objXLBook.ActiveSheet.Range("H2") = Me.RoomNumber End Sub Is there a way to, move to the next row in my Excel file, for a new guests info? EX. I take my first guests info and it populates row 2 of my Excel file. For my next guest it will populate row 3 of my Excel file and so on....

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  • How to make your apache application accessible within network

    - by guest
    I have a Windows XP machine where I have installed WAMP and made a PHP based web application. I can access the web application from within this machine by using the browser and pointing to: http://localhost/myApp/ --- and the page loads fine. Now I want this site (http://localhost/myApp) to be accessible to all machines within the network (and may be later, to the general public as well). I am quite new to this, how do I make my site accessible to all machines within the network and to the general public in the internet? I tried modifying the httpd.conf file in Apache (WAMP) by changing Listen 80 to Listen 10.10.10.10:80 (where I replaced 10.10.10.10 with the actual IP of this windows xp machine). I also tried "Put Online" feature in WAMP. None seem to work though. How do I make it accessible?

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  • Problems installing W2K8 SP2

    - by zagman76
    Hello - We are having difficulty installing SP2 on a W2K8 SP1 x64 server. When we try to do this through Windows Updates, it runs for about 1 minute and then says that it completed successfully (when clearly it did not). When we run the file manually via the download, the install fails with the following error code: 0x800f0823 I have tried running the System Update Readiness Tool (KB947821), but that did not work. Additional info about the server: It is a domain controller, also running MS-Exchange 2007 SP1 (v8.01.0336.000). Any assistance that could be provided would be greatly appreciated. In you need any more info about the server, please let me know! Thanks!

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  • domain works randomly

    - by mthenw
    Hi, I have problem with configuring bind9 on debian (lenny) server. Generaly speaking everything is working ok but sometimes I get 404 on few domains (eg. 4stopnie.com but after few refreshes in browser site loads) or I can't validate site with validator.w3.org (error '500 Can't connect to 4stopnie.com:80 (Bad hostname '4stopnie.com')'). Domains were moved from other server. After moving I changed serial number in zone file. $ttl 600 @ IN SOA ns.wpoznaniu.info. xxx.4stopnie.com. ( 2011011601 3600 600 86400 600) @ IN NS ns.wpoznaniu.info. @ IN A 80.82.21.196 www IN CNAME @

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  • Fix mail that has been put in deferred folder

    - by Safado
    So we have a little more than usual deferred mail on our Postfix server, so I started to look through the messages to make sure we weren't hacked and sending out spam. Everything is fine and it turns out that a bot had filled out our Request Info form multiple times with bad info. However, I did find one that was a legitimate request for more information about our company and I noticed that it isn't sending because they fat-fingered the address with gmal.com. Is there a way I can correct that and have Postfix send it out? This is on a CentOS server.

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  • How do I mount a "DiskSecure Multiboot" partition?

    - by ????
    For a hard drive that has 4 or 5 partitions, I was able to mount one of them using Ubuntu LiveCD: sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt but is there a way to mount to the other partitions? (if using sudo fdisk -l, it only shows /dev/sda) GParted's snapshot is: Right now, the fdisk info is as follows: ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x1aca8ea5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 284993226 350602558 32804666+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT and then ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda1 Disk /dev/sda1: 33.6 GB, 33591978496 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4083 cylinders, total 65609333 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x2052474d This doesn't look like a partition table Probably you selected the wrong device. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1p1 ? 6579571 1924427647 958924038+ 70 DiskSecure Multi-Boot /dev/sda1p2 ? 1953251627 3771827541 909287957+ 43 Unknown /dev/sda1p3 ? 225735265 225735274 5 72 Unknown /dev/sda1p4 2642411520 2642463409 25945 0 Empty Partition table entries are not in disk order Per @lgarzo's request, parted info is: ubuntu@ubuntu:/mnt$ sudo parted /dev/sda print Model: ATA ST3320820AS (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 320GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 146GB 180GB 33.6GB primary ntfs boot The command sudo mount /dev/sda1p2 /mnt won't work.

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  • WiX 3 Tutorial: Understanding main WXS and WXI file

    - by Mladen Prajdic
    In the previous post we’ve taken a look at the WiX solution/project structure and project properties. We’re still playing with our super SuperForm application and today we’ll take a look at the general parts of the main wxs file, SuperForm.wxs, and the wxi include file. For wxs file we’ll just go over the general description of what each part does in the code comments. The more detailed descriptions will be in future posts about features themselves. WXI include file Include files are exactly what their name implies. To include a wxi file into the wxs file you have to put the wxi at the beginning of each .wxs file you wish to include it in. If you’ve ever worked with C++ you can think of the include files as .h files. For example if you include SuperFormVariables.wxi into the SuperForm.wxs, the variables in the wxi won’t be seen in FilesFragment.wxs or RegistryFragment.wxs. You’d have to include it manually into those two wxs files too. For preprocessor variable $(var.VariableName) to be seen by every file in the project you have to include them in the WiX project properties->Build->“Define preprocessor variables” textbox. This is why I’ve chosen not to go this route because in multi developer teams not everyone has the same directory structure and having a single variable would mean each developer would have to checkout the wixproj file to edit the variable. This is pretty much unacceptable by my standards. This is why we’ve added a System Environment variable named SuperFormFilesDir as is shown in the previous Wix Tutorial post. Because the FilesFragment.wxs is autogenerated on every project build we don’t want to change it manually each time by adding the include wxi at the beginning of the file. This way we couldn’t recreate it in each pre-build event. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><Include> <!-- Versioning. These have to be changed for upgrades. It's not enough to just include newer files. --> <?define MajorVersion="1" ?> <?define MinorVersion="0" ?> <?define BuildVersion="0" ?> <!-- Revision is NOT used by WiX in the upgrade procedure --> <?define Revision="0" ?> <!-- Full version number to display --> <?define VersionNumber="$(var.MajorVersion).$(var.MinorVersion).$(var.BuildVersion).$(var.Revision)" ?> <!-- Upgrade code HAS to be the same for all updates. Once you've chosen it don't change it. --> <?define UpgradeCode="YOUR-GUID-HERE" ?> <!-- Path to the resources directory. resources don't really need to be included in the project structure but I like to include them for for clarity --> <?define ResourcesDir="$(var.ProjectDir)\Resources" ?> <!-- The name of your application exe file. This will be used to kill the process when updating and creating the desktop shortcut --> <?define ExeProcessName="SuperForm.MainApp.exe" ?></Include> For now there’s no way to tell WiX in Visual Studio to have a wxi include file available to the whole project, so you have to include it in each file separately. Only variables set in “Define preprocessor variables” or System Environment variables are accessible to the whole project for now. The main WXS file: SuperForm.wxs We’ll only take a look at the general structure of the main SuperForm.wxs and not its the details. We’ll cover the details in future posts. The code comments should provide plenty info about what each part does in general. Basically there are 5 major parts. The update part, the conditions and actions part, the UI install sequence, the directory structure and the features we want to include. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!-- Add xmlns:util namespace definition to be able to use stuff from WixUtilExtension dll--><Wix xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/wix/2006/wi" xmlns:util="http://schemas.microsoft.com/wix/UtilExtension"> <!-- This is how we include wxi files --> <?include $(sys.CURRENTDIR)Includes\SuperFormVariables.wxi ?> <!-- Id="*" is to enable upgrading. * means that the product ID will be autogenerated on each build. Name is made of localized product name and version number. --> <Product Id="*" Name="!(loc.ProductName) $(var.VersionNumber)" Language="!(loc.LANG)" Version="$(var.VersionNumber)" Manufacturer="!(loc.ManufacturerName)" UpgradeCode="$(var.UpgradeCode)"> <!-- Define the minimum supported installer version (3.0) and that the install should be done for the whole machine not just the current user --> <Package InstallerVersion="300" Compressed="yes" InstallScope="perMachine"/> <Media Id="1" Cabinet="media1.cab" EmbedCab="yes" /> <!-- Upgrade settings. This will be explained in more detail in a future post --> <Upgrade Id="$(var.UpgradeCode)"> <UpgradeVersion OnlyDetect="yes" Minimum="$(var.VersionNumber)" IncludeMinimum="no" Property="NEWER_VERSION_FOUND" /> <UpgradeVersion Minimum="0.0.0.0" IncludeMinimum="yes" Maximum="$(var.VersionNumber)" IncludeMaximum="no" Property="OLDER_VERSION_FOUND" /> </Upgrade> <!-- Reference the global NETFRAMEWORK35 property to check if it exists --> <PropertyRef Id="NETFRAMEWORK35"/> <!-- Startup conditions that checks if .Net Framework 3.5 is installed or if we're running the OS higher than Windows XP SP2. If not the installation is aborted. By doing the (Installed OR ...) property means that this condition will only be evaluated if the app is being installed and not on uninstall or changing --> <Condition Message="!(loc.DotNetFrameworkNeeded)"> <![CDATA[Installed OR NETFRAMEWORK35]]> </Condition> <Condition Message="!(loc.AppNotSupported)"> <![CDATA[Installed OR ((VersionNT >= 501 AND ServicePackLevel >= 2) OR (VersionNT >= 502))]]> </Condition> <!-- This custom action in the InstallExecuteSequence is needed to stop silent install (passing /qb to msiexec) from going around it. --> <CustomAction Id="NewerVersionFound" Error="!(loc.SuperFormNewerVersionInstalled)" /> <InstallExecuteSequence> <!-- Check for newer versions with FindRelatedProducts and execute the custom action after it --> <Custom Action="NewerVersionFound" After="FindRelatedProducts"> <![CDATA[NEWER_VERSION_FOUND]]> </Custom> <!-- Remove the previous versions of the product --> <RemoveExistingProducts After="InstallInitialize"/> <!-- WixCloseApplications is a built in custom action that uses util:CloseApplication below --> <Custom Action="WixCloseApplications" Before="InstallInitialize" /> </InstallExecuteSequence> <!-- This will ask the user to close the SuperForm app if it's running while upgrading --> <util:CloseApplication Id="CloseSuperForm" CloseMessage="no" Description="!(loc.MustCloseSuperForm)" ElevatedCloseMessage="no" RebootPrompt="no" Target="$(var.ExeProcessName)" /> <!-- Use the built in WixUI_InstallDir GUI --> <UIRef Id="WixUI_InstallDir" /> <UI> <!-- These dialog references are needed for CloseApplication above to work correctly --> <DialogRef Id="FilesInUse" /> <DialogRef Id="MsiRMFilesInUse" /> <!-- Here we'll add the GUI logic for installation and updating in a future post--> </UI> <!-- Set the icon to show next to the program name in Add/Remove programs --> <Icon Id="SuperFormIcon.ico" SourceFile="$(var.ResourcesDir)\Exclam.ico" /> <Property Id="ARPPRODUCTICON" Value="SuperFormIcon.ico" /> <!-- Installer UI custom pictures. File names are made up. Add path to your pics. –> <!-- <WixVariable Id="WixUIDialogBmp" Value="MyAppLogo.jpg" /> <WixVariable Id="WixUIBannerBmp" Value="installBanner.jpg" /> --> <!-- the default directory structure --> <Directory Id="TARGETDIR" Name="SourceDir"> <Directory Id="ProgramFilesFolder"> <Directory Id="INSTALLLOCATION" Name="!(loc.ProductName)" /> </Directory> </Directory> <!-- Set the default install location to the value of INSTALLLOCATION (usually c:\Program Files\YourProductName) --> <Property Id="WIXUI_INSTALLDIR" Value="INSTALLLOCATION" /> <!-- Set the components defined in our fragment files that will be used for our feature --> <Feature Id="SuperFormFeature" Title="!(loc.ProductName)" Level="1"> <ComponentGroupRef Id="SuperFormFiles" /> <ComponentRef Id="cmpVersionInRegistry" /> <ComponentRef Id="cmpIsThisUpdateInRegistry" /> </Feature> </Product></Wix> For more info on what certain attributes mean you should look into the WiX Documentation.   WiX 3 tutorial by Mladen Prajdic navigation WiX 3 Tutorial: Solution/Project structure and Dev resources WiX 3 Tutorial: Understanding main wxs and wxi file WiX 3 Tutorial: Generating file/directory fragments with Heat.exe

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