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• Questions on Juval Lowy's IDesign C# Coding Standard

  - by Jan

  We are trying to use the IDesign C# Coding standard. Unfortunately, I found no comprehensive document to explain all the rules that it gives, and also his book does not always help. Here are the open questions that remain for me (from chapter 2, Coding Practices): No. 26: Avoid providing explicit values for enums unless they are integer powers of 2 No. 34: Always explicitly initialize an array of reference types using a for loop No. 50: Avoid events as interface members No. 52: Expose interfaces on class hierarchies No. 73: Do not define method-specific constraints in interfaces No. 74: Do not define constraints in delegates Here's what I think about those: I thought that providing explicit values would be especially useful when adding new enum members at a later point in time. If these members are added between other already existing members, I would provide explicit values to make sure the integer representation of existing members does not change. No idea why I would want to do this. I'd say this totally depends on the logic of my program. I see that there is alternative option of providing "Sink interfaces" (simply providing already all "OnXxxHappened" methods), but what is the reason to prefer one over the other? Unsure what he means here: Could this mean "When implementing an interface explicitly in a non-sealed class, consider providing the implementation in a protected virtual method that can be overridden"? (see Programming .NET Components 2nd Edition, end of chapter “Interfaces and Class Hierarchies”). I suppose this is about providing a "where" clause when using generics, but why is this bad on an interface? I suppose this is about providing a "where" clause when using generics, but why is this bad on a delegate?

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• Fix DB duplicate entries (MySQL bug)

  - by Silence

  I'm using MySQL 4.1. Some tables have duplicates entries that go against the constraints. When I try to group rows, MySQL doesn't recognise the rows as being similar. Example: Table A has a column "Name" with the Unique proprety. The table contains one row with the name 'Hach?' and one row with the same name but a square at the end instead of the '?' (which I can't reproduce in this textfield) A "Group by" on these 2 rows return 2 separate rows This cause several problems including the fact that I can't export and reimport the database. On reimporting an error mentions that a Insert has failed because it violates a constraint. In theory I could try to import, wait for the first error, fix the import script and the original DB, and repeat. In pratice, that would take forever. Is there a way to list all the anomalies or force the database to recheck constraints (and list all the values/rows that go against them) ? I can supply the .MYD file if it can be helpful.

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• Problem with incomplete type while trying to detect existence of a member function

  - by abir

  I was trying to detect existence of a member function for a class where the function tries to use an incomplete type. The typedef is struct foo; typedef std::allocator<foo> foo_alloc; The detection code is struct has_alloc { template<typename U,U x> struct dummy; template<typename U> static char check(dummy<void* (U::*)(std::size_t),&U::allocate>*); template<typename U> static char (&check(...))[2]; const static bool value = (sizeof(check<foo_alloc>(0)) == 1); }; So far I was using incomplete type foo with std::allocator without any error on VS2008. However when I replaced it with nearly an identical implementation as template<typename T> struct allocator { T* allocate(std::size_t n) { return (T*)operator new (sizeof(T)*n); } }; it gives an error saying that as T is incomplete type it has problem instantiating allocator<foo> because allocate uses sizeof. GCC 4.5 with std::allocator also gives the error, so it seems during detection process the class need to be completely instantiated, even when I am not using that function at all. What I was looking for is void* allocate(std::size_t) which is different from T* allocate(std::size_t). My questions are (I have three questions, but as they are correlated , so I thought it is better not to create three separate questions). Why MS std::allocator doesn't check for incomplete type foo while instantiating? Are they following any trick which can be implemented ? Why the compiler need to instantiate allocator<T> to check the existence of the function when sizeof is not used as sfinae mechanism to remove/add allocate in the overload resolutions set? It should be noted that, if I remove the generic implementation of allocate leaving the declaration only, and specialized it for foo afterwards such as struct foo{}; template< struct allocator { foo* allocate(std::size_t n) { return (foo*)operator new (sizeof(foo)*n); } }; after struct has_alloc it compiles in GCC 4.5 while gives error in VS2008 as allocator<T> is already instantiated and explicit specialization for allocator<foo> already defined. Is it legal to use nested types for an std::allocator of incomplete type such as typedef foo_alloc::pointer foo_pointer; ? Though it is practically working for me, I suspect the nested types such as pointer may depend on completeness of type it takes. It will be good to know if there is any possible way to typedef such types as foo_pointer where the type pointer depends on completeness of foo. NOTE : As the code is not copy paste from editor, it may have some syntax error. Will correct it if I find any. Also the codes (such as allocator) are not complete implementation, I simplified and typed only the portion which I think useful for this particular problem.

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• Why in the world is this Moq + NUnit test failing?

  - by Dave Falkner

  I have this dataAccess mock object and I'm trying to verify that one of its methods is being invoked, and that the argument passed into this method fulfills certain constraints. As best I can tell, this method is indeed being invoked, and with the constraints fulfilled. This line of the test throws a MockException: data.Verify(d => d.InsertInvoice(It.Is<Invoice>(i => i.TermPaymentAmount == 0m)), Times.Once()); However, removing the constraint and accepting any invoice passes the test: data.Verify(d => d.InsertInvoice(It.IsAny<Invoice>()), Times.Once()); I've created a test windows form that instantiates this test class, runs its .Setup() method, and then calls the method which I am wishing to test. I insert a breakpoint on the line of code where the mock object is failing the test data.InsertInvoice(invoice); to actually hover over the invoice, and I can confirm that its .TermPaymentAmount decimal property is indeed zero at the time the method is invoked. Out of desperation, I even added a call back to my dataAccess mock: data.Setup(d => d.InsertInvoice(It.IsAny<Invoice>())).Callback((Invoice inv) => System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(inv.TermPaymentAmount.ToString("G17"))); And this gives me a message box showing "0". This is really baffling me, and no one else in my shop has been able to figure this out. Any help would be appreciated. A barely related question, which I should probably ask independently, is whether it is preferable to use Mock.Verify(...) as I have here, or to use Mock.Expect(...).Verifiable followed by Mock.VerifyAll() as I have seen other people doing? If the answer is situational, which situations would warrent the use of one over the other?

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• Saving associated domain classes in Grails

  - by Cesar

  I'm struggling to get association right on Grails. Let's say I have two domain classes: class Engine { String name int numberOfCylinders = 4 static constraints = { name(blank:false, nullable:false) numberOfCylinders(range:4..8) } } class Car { int year String brand Engine engine = new Engine(name:"Default Engine") static constraints = { engine(nullable:false) brand(blank:false, nullable:false) year(nullable:false) } } The idea is that users can create cars without creating an engine first, and those cars get a default engine. In the CarController I have: def save = { def car = new Car(params) if(!car.hasErrors() && car.save()){ flash.message = "Car saved" redirect(action:index) }else{ render(view:'create', model:[car:car]) } } When trying to save, I get a null value exception on the Car.engine field, so obviously the default engine is not created and saved. I tried to manually create the engine: def save = { def car = new Car(params) car.engine = new Engine(name: "Default Engine") if(!car.hasErrors() && car.save()){ flash.message = "Car saved" redirect(action:index) }else{ render(view:'create', model:[car:car]) } } Didn't work either. Is Grails not able to save associated classes? How could I implement such feature?

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• Query on simple C++ threadpool implementation

  - by ticketman

  Stackoverflow has been a tremendous help to me and I'd to give something back to the community. I have been implementing a simple threadpool using the tinythread C++ portable thread library, using what I have learnt from Stackoverflow. I am new to thread programming, so not that comfortable with mutexes, etc. I have a question best asked after presenting the code (which runs quite well under Linux): // ThreadPool.h class ThreadPool { public: ThreadPool(); ~ThreadPool(); // Creates a pool of threads and gets them ready to be used void CreateThreads(int numOfThreads); // Assigns a job to a thread in the pool, but doesn't start the job // Each SubmitJob call will use up one thread of the pool. // This operation can only be undone by calling StartJobs and // then waiting for the jobs to complete. On completion, // new jobs may be submitted. void SubmitJob( void (*workFunc)(void *), void *workData ); // Begins execution of all the jobs in the pool. void StartJobs(); // Waits until all jobs have completed. // The wait will block the caller. // On completion, new jobs may be submitted. void WaitForJobsToComplete(); private: enum typeOfWorkEnum { e_work, e_quit }; class ThreadData { public: bool ready; // thread has been created and is ready for work bool haveWorkToDo; typeOfWorkEnum typeOfWork; // Pointer to the work function each thread has to call. void (*workFunc)(void *); // Pointer to work data void *workData; ThreadData() : ready(false), haveWorkToDo(false) { }; }; struct ThreadArgStruct { ThreadPool *threadPoolInstance; int threadId; }; // Data for each thread ThreadData *m_ThreadData; ThreadPool(ThreadPool const&); // copy ctor hidden ThreadPool& operator=(ThreadPool const&); // assign op. hidden // Static function that provides the function pointer that a thread can call // By including the ThreadPool instance in the void * parameter, // we can use it to access other data and methods in the ThreadPool instance. static void ThreadFuncWrapper(void *arg) { ThreadArgStruct *threadArg = static_cast<ThreadArgStruct *>(arg); threadArg->threadPoolInstance->ThreadFunc(threadArg->threadId); } // The function each thread calls void ThreadFunc( int threadId ); // Called by the thread pool destructor void DestroyThreadPool(); // Total number of threads available // (fixed on creation of thread pool) int m_numOfThreads; int m_NumOfThreadsDoingWork; int m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs; // List of threads std::vector<tthread::thread *> m_ThreadList; // Condition variable to signal each thread has been created and executing tthread::mutex m_ThreadReady_mutex; tthread::condition_variable m_ThreadReady_condvar; // Condition variable to signal each thread to start work tthread::mutex m_WorkToDo_mutex; tthread::condition_variable m_WorkToDo_condvar; // Condition variable to signal the main thread that // all threads in the pool have completed their work tthread::mutex m_WorkCompleted_mutex; tthread::condition_variable m_WorkCompleted_condvar; }; cpp file: // // ThreadPool.cpp // #include "ThreadPool.h" // This is the thread function for each thread. // All threads remain in this function until // they are asked to quit, which only happens // when terminating the thread pool. void ThreadPool::ThreadFunc( int threadId ) { ThreadData *myThreadData = &m_ThreadData[threadId]; std::cout << "Hello world: Thread " << threadId << std::endl; // Signal that this thread is ready m_ThreadReady_mutex.lock(); myThreadData->ready = true; m_ThreadReady_condvar.notify_one(); // notify the main thread m_ThreadReady_mutex.unlock(); while(true) { //tthread::lock_guard<tthread::mutex> guard(m); m_WorkToDo_mutex.lock(); while(!myThreadData->haveWorkToDo) // check for work to do m_WorkToDo_condvar.wait(m_WorkToDo_mutex); // if no work, wait here myThreadData->haveWorkToDo = false; // need to do this before unlocking the mutex m_WorkToDo_mutex.unlock(); // Do the work switch(myThreadData->typeOfWork) { case e_work: std::cout << "Thread " << threadId << ": Woken with work to do\n"; // Do work myThreadData->workFunc(myThreadData->workData); std::cout << "#Thread " << threadId << ": Work is completed\n"; break; case e_quit: std::cout << "Thread " << threadId << ": Asked to quit\n"; return; // ends the thread } // Now to signal the main thread that my work is completed m_WorkCompleted_mutex.lock(); m_NumOfThreadsDoingWork--; // Unsure if this 'if' would make the program more efficient // if(NumOfThreadsDoingWork == 0) m_WorkCompleted_condvar.notify_one(); // notify the main thread m_WorkCompleted_mutex.unlock(); } } ThreadPool::ThreadPool() { m_numOfThreads = 0; m_NumOfThreadsDoingWork = 0; m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs = 0; } ThreadPool::~ThreadPool() { if(m_numOfThreads) { DestroyThreadPool(); delete [] m_ThreadData; } } void ThreadPool::CreateThreads(int numOfThreads) { // Check a thread pool has already been created if(m_numOfThreads > 0) return; m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs = 0; m_NumOfThreadsDoingWork = 0; m_numOfThreads = numOfThreads; m_ThreadData = new ThreadData[m_numOfThreads]; ThreadArgStruct threadArg; for(int i=0; i<m_numOfThreads; ++i) { threadArg.threadId = i; threadArg.threadPoolInstance = this; // Creates the thread and save in a list so we can destroy it later m_ThreadList.push_back( new tthread::thread( ThreadFuncWrapper, (void *)&threadArg ) ); // It takes a little time for a thread to get established. // Best wait until it gets established before creating the next thread. m_ThreadReady_mutex.lock(); while(!m_ThreadData[i].ready) // Check if thread is ready m_ThreadReady_condvar.wait(m_ThreadReady_mutex); // If not, wait here m_ThreadReady_mutex.unlock(); } } // Adds a job to the batch, but doesn't start the job void ThreadPool::SubmitJob(void (*workFunc)(void *), void *workData) { // Check that the thread pool has been created if(!m_numOfThreads) return; if(m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs >= m_numOfThreads) return; m_ThreadData[m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs].workFunc = workFunc; m_ThreadData[m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs].workData = workData; std::cout << "Submitted job " << m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs << std::endl; m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs++; } void ThreadPool::StartJobs() { // Check that the thread pool has been created // and some jobs have been assigned if(!m_numOfThreads || !m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs) return; // Set 'haveworkToDo' flag for all threads m_WorkToDo_mutex.lock(); for(int i=0; i<m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs; ++i) m_ThreadData[i].haveWorkToDo = true; m_NumOfThreadsDoingWork = m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs; // Reset this counter so we can resubmit jobs later m_NumOfThreadsGivenJobs = 0; // Notify all threads they have work to do m_WorkToDo_condvar.notify_all(); m_WorkToDo_mutex.unlock(); } void ThreadPool::WaitForJobsToComplete() { // Check that a thread pool has been created if(!m_numOfThreads) return; m_WorkCompleted_mutex.lock(); while(m_NumOfThreadsDoingWork > 0) // Check if all threads have completed their work m_WorkCompleted_condvar.wait(m_WorkCompleted_mutex); // If not, wait here m_WorkCompleted_mutex.unlock(); } void ThreadPool::DestroyThreadPool() { std::cout << "Ask threads to quit\n"; m_WorkToDo_mutex.lock(); for(int i=0; i<m_numOfThreads; ++i) { m_ThreadData[i].haveWorkToDo = true; m_ThreadData[i].typeOfWork = e_quit; } m_WorkToDo_condvar.notify_all(); m_WorkToDo_mutex.unlock(); // As each thread terminates, catch them here for(int i=0; i<m_numOfThreads; ++i) { tthread::thread *t = m_ThreadList[i]; // Wait for thread to complete t->join(); } m_numOfThreads = 0; } Example of usage: (this calculates pi-squared/6) struct CalculationDataStruct { int inputVal; double outputVal; }; void LongCalculation( void *theSums ) { CalculationDataStruct *sums = (CalculationDataStruct *)theSums; int terms = sums->inputVal; double sum; for(int i=1; i<terms; i++) sum += 1.0/( double(i)*double(i) ); sums->outputVal = sum; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { int numThreads = 10; // Create pool ThreadPool threadPool; threadPool.CreateThreads(numThreads); // Create thread workspace CalculationDataStruct sums[numThreads]; // Set up jobs for(int i=0; i<numThreads; i++) { sums[i].inputVal = 3000*(i+1); threadPool.SubmitJob(LongCalculation, &sums[i]); } // Run the jobs threadPool.StartJobs(); threadPool.WaitForJobsToComplete(); // Print results for(int i=0; i<numThreads; i++) std::cout << "Sum of " << sums[i].inputVal << " terms is " << sums[i].outputVal << std::endl; return 0; } Question: In the ThreadPool::ThreadFunc method, would better performance be obtained if the following if statement if(NumOfThreadsDoingWork == 0) was included? Also, I'd be grateful of criticisms and ways to improve the code. At the same time, I hope the code is of use to others.

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• Php code works on every browser but not on IE8, help please

  - by DomingoSL

  I think the error has to be in a incompatibility with IE8 and the cookies manipulation, cuz in IE8 you can see the password and login asking screen but when you enter the data and send it the browser seems to do nothing, this is a url you were you can try my code: http://200.8.27.127/tiempo/teacher.php and this is the code: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta content="it" http-equiv="Content-Language" /> <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type" /> <title>Formulario</title> <style type="text/css"> h1 { font: 50px Tahoma, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif; text-align: center; color: #111; text-shadow: 0px 2px 3px #555; } h2 { font: 14px Tahoma, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif; text-align: center; color: #CCC; text-shadow: 0px 1px 2px #555; } h3 { font: 10px Tahoma, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif; text-align: center; color: #CCC; } b1 { font: 16px Tahoma, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif; color: #DDD; } b2 { font: 10px Tahoma, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif; color: #F9F7ED; } .caja { width: 690px; height: 40px; background-color: transparent; border: 0px solid #000000; font-size:x-large; color: #222; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', 'Lucida Sans Unicode', 'Lucida Grande', 'Lucida Sans', Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: bold;" size="299"; } .style1 { text-align: right; } </style> </head> <body style="background-image: url('IMG/bg.png')"> <script type="text/javascript" src="JS/jquery-1.4.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="JS/jquery.notifications-1.1.min.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="JS/jquery.notifications.css" /> <script> function checkCharCount(textfield) { if(textfield.value.length > 300) textfield.value = textfield.value.substr(0, 300); document.getElementById("charCounter").innerHTML = 300 - textfield.value.length; } </script> <?php include("/LIB/HeadSQL.php"); include("/LIB/error.php"); if (isset($_COOKIE['ID_tablon'])) { $username = $_COOKIE['ID_tablon']; $pass = $_COOKIE['Key_tablon']; $check = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE nombre = '$username'") or die(mysql_error()); while($info = mysql_fetch_array( $check )) { if ($pass != $info['clave']) { login(); } else { entro($info['email'],$username); } } } else { login(); } function login() { if (isset($_POST['quiere'])) { if(!$_POST['username'] | !$_POST['pass']) { include("LIB/login.php"); error('Debes llenar todos los campos.',0); } else { $check = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM usuarios WHERE nombre = '".$_POST['username']."'") or die(mysql_error()); $check2 = mysql_num_rows($check); if ($check2 == 0) { include("LIB/login.php"); error('Ese usuario no existe.',0); } while($info = mysql_fetch_array( $check )) { $_POST['pass'] = stripslashes($_POST['pass']); $info['clave'] = stripslashes($info['clave']); //$_POST['pass'] = md5($_POST['pass']); if ($_POST['pass'] != $info['clave']) { include("LIB/login.php"); error('La clave es incorrecta.',0); } else { $_POST['username'] = stripslashes($_POST['username']); $hour = time() + 3600; setcookie("ID_tablon", $_POST['username'], $hour); setcookie("Key_tablon", $_POST['pass'], $hour); entro($info['email'],$_POST['username']); } } } } else { include("LIB/login.php"); } exit; } function entro($email,$username) { ?> <div id="todo" align="center" > <div id="cabeza" style="width:850px;height:100px"> </div> <div id="contenido" style="width:850px;height:420px;background-image: url(IMG/cuadro.png)" > <div id="titulo" style="width:765px;height:75px;padding-top: 18px;margin: auto;text-align: left;"> <b1>Bienvenido <b><?php echo($username); ?></b></b1><br> <?php $check = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM sms WHERE ref = '".$username."' ORDER BY fecha DESC LIMIT 0, 1") or die(mysql_error()); while($info = mysql_fetch_array( $check )) { echo("<b1> Tu ultimo mensaje enviado fue: </b1><b2>" . $info['texto'] . " enviado el " . $info['fecha'] . "</b2>"); } ?> </div> <form method="post"> <div id="formulario" style="width:850px;height:255px;margin-top: 10px"> <div id="foto" align="right" style="width:725px; height:40px;padding-top: 11px;margin: auto"> <?php $size = 60; $grav_url = "http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/" . md5( strtolower( $email ) ) . "?size=" . $size; $size = 256; $grav_urlB = "http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/" . md5( strtolower( $email ) ) . "?size=" . $size; echo('<img alt="Image" src="' . $grav_url . '" />'); ?> </div> <div id="texto" style="width:850px;height:29px; margin-top: 38px;margin-left: 4px"> <input name="sms" type="text" onKeyUp="checkCharCount(this)" class="caja" /> </div> <div id="botones" style="width:725px;height:27px; margin-top: 15px" class="style1"> <input name="usuario" type="hidden" value="<?php echo($username); ?>" /> <input name="Submit1" type="image" value="submit" src="IMG/envia.png" /> </div> <div id="resta" style="width:850px;height:29px; margin-top: 53px;margin-left: 4px"> <h2><span id="charCounter">300</span> caracteres restantes.</h2> <h3><a href=logout.php>Cerrar Sesion</a></h3> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> </body> </html> <?php session_start(); if (isset($_POST['Submit1'])) { if (isset($_SESSION['token']) && (time() - $_SESSION['token']) < 5) { error('Debes esperar 5 segundos para poder enviar otra informacion.',0); } else { $_SESSION['token'] = time(); include("/LIB/HeadSQL.php"); include("/LIB/comprueba.php"); $insert = "INSERT INTO sms (ref, texto, fecha) VALUES ('" . addslashes($_POST['usuario']) . "', '" . addslashes($_POST['sms']) . "', NOW() )"; $add_member = mysql_query($insert); error("Tu mensage ha sido enviado con exito.",1); } } exit; } ?> do you think the isuue can be on the javascript? try the code firts with Firefox or google chrome, then try in IE8.

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• Inheritance Mapping Strategies with Entity Framework Code First CTP5: Part 3 – Table per Concrete Type (TPC) and Choosing Strategy Guidelines

  - by mortezam

  This is the third (and last) post in a series that explains different approaches to map an inheritance hierarchy with EF Code First. I've described these strategies in previous posts: Part 1 – Table per Hierarchy (TPH) Part 2 – Table per Type (TPT)In today’s blog post I am going to discuss Table per Concrete Type (TPC) which completes the inheritance mapping strategies supported by EF Code First. At the end of this post I will provide some guidelines to choose an inheritance strategy mainly based on what we've learned in this series. TPC and Entity Framework in the Past Table per Concrete type is somehow the simplest approach suggested, yet using TPC with EF is one of those concepts that has not been covered very well so far and I've seen in some resources that it was even discouraged. The reason for that is just because Entity Data Model Designer in VS2010 doesn't support TPC (even though the EF runtime does). That basically means if you are following EF's Database-First or Model-First approaches then configuring TPC requires manually writing XML in the EDMX file which is not considered to be a fun practice. Well, no more. You'll see that with Code First, creating TPC is perfectly possible with fluent API just like other strategies and you don't need to avoid TPC due to the lack of designer support as you would probably do in other EF approaches. Table per Concrete Type (TPC)In Table per Concrete type (aka Table per Concrete class) we use exactly one table for each (nonabstract) class. All properties of a class, including inherited properties, can be mapped to columns of this table, as shown in the following figure: As you can see, the SQL schema is not aware of the inheritance; effectively, we’ve mapped two unrelated tables to a more expressive class structure. If the base class was concrete, then an additional table would be needed to hold instances of that class. I have to emphasize that there is no relationship between the database tables, except for the fact that they share some similar columns. TPC Implementation in Code First Just like the TPT implementation, we need to specify a separate table for each of the subclasses. We also need to tell Code First that we want all of the inherited properties to be mapped as part of this table. In CTP5, there is a new helper method on EntityMappingConfiguration class called MapInheritedProperties that exactly does this for us. Here is the complete object model as well as the fluent API to create a TPC mapping: public abstract class BillingDetail {     public int BillingDetailId { get; set; }     public string Owner { get; set; }     public string Number { get; set; } }          public class BankAccount : BillingDetail {     public string BankName { get; set; }     public string Swift { get; set; } }          public class CreditCard : BillingDetail {     public int CardType { get; set; }     public string ExpiryMonth { get; set; }     public string ExpiryYear { get; set; } }      public class InheritanceMappingContext : DbContext {     public DbSet<BillingDetail> BillingDetails { get; set; }              protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)     {         modelBuilder.Entity<BankAccount>().Map(m =>         {             m.MapInheritedProperties();             m.ToTable("BankAccounts");         });         modelBuilder.Entity<CreditCard>().Map(m =>         {             m.MapInheritedProperties();             m.ToTable("CreditCards");         });                 } } The Importance of EntityMappingConfiguration ClassAs a side note, it worth mentioning that EntityMappingConfiguration class turns out to be a key type for inheritance mapping in Code First. Here is an snapshot of this class: namespace System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration.Configuration.Mapping {     public class EntityMappingConfiguration<TEntityType> where TEntityType : class     {         public ValueConditionConfiguration Requires(string discriminator);         public void ToTable(string tableName);         public void MapInheritedProperties();     } } As you have seen so far, we used its Requires method to customize TPH. We also used its ToTable method to create a TPT and now we are using its MapInheritedProperties along with ToTable method to create our TPC mapping. TPC Configuration is Not Done Yet!We are not quite done with our TPC configuration and there is more into this story even though the fluent API we saw perfectly created a TPC mapping for us in the database. To see why, let's start working with our object model. For example, the following code creates two new objects of BankAccount and CreditCard types and tries to add them to the database: using (var context = new InheritanceMappingContext()) {     BankAccount bankAccount = new BankAccount();     CreditCard creditCard = new CreditCard() { CardType = 1 };                      context.BillingDetails.Add(bankAccount);     context.BillingDetails.Add(creditCard);     context.SaveChanges(); } Running this code throws an InvalidOperationException with this message: The changes to the database were committed successfully, but an error occurred while updating the object context. The ObjectContext might be in an inconsistent state. Inner exception message: AcceptChanges cannot continue because the object's key values conflict with another object in the ObjectStateManager. Make sure that the key values are unique before calling AcceptChanges. The reason we got this exception is because DbContext.SaveChanges() internally invokes SaveChanges method of its internal ObjectContext. ObjectContext's SaveChanges method on its turn by default calls AcceptAllChanges after it has performed the database modifications. AcceptAllChanges method merely iterates over all entries in ObjectStateManager and invokes AcceptChanges on each of them. Since the entities are in Added state, AcceptChanges method replaces their temporary EntityKey with a regular EntityKey based on the primary key values (i.e. BillingDetailId) that come back from the database and that's where the problem occurs since both the entities have been assigned the same value for their primary key by the database (i.e. on both BillingDetailId = 1) and the problem is that ObjectStateManager cannot track objects of the same type (i.e. BillingDetail) with the same EntityKey value hence it throws. If you take a closer look at the TPC's SQL schema above, you'll see why the database generated the same values for the primary keys: the BillingDetailId column in both BankAccounts and CreditCards table has been marked as identity. How to Solve The Identity Problem in TPC As you saw, using SQL Server’s int identity columns doesn't work very well together with TPC since there will be duplicate entity keys when inserting in subclasses tables with all having the same identity seed. Therefore, to solve this, either a spread seed (where each table has its own initial seed value) will be needed, or a mechanism other than SQL Server’s int identity should be used. Some other RDBMSes have other mechanisms allowing a sequence (identity) to be shared by multiple tables, and something similar can be achieved with GUID keys in SQL Server. While using GUID keys, or int identity keys with different starting seeds will solve the problem but yet another solution would be to completely switch off identity on the primary key property. As a result, we need to take the responsibility of providing unique keys when inserting records to the database. We will go with this solution since it works regardless of which database engine is used. Switching Off Identity in Code First We can switch off identity simply by placing DatabaseGenerated attribute on the primary key property and pass DatabaseGenerationOption.None to its constructor. DatabaseGenerated attribute is a new data annotation which has been added to System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace in CTP5: public abstract class BillingDetail {     [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGenerationOption.None)]     public int BillingDetailId { get; set; }     public string Owner { get; set; }     public string Number { get; set; } } As always, we can achieve the same result by using fluent API, if you prefer that: modelBuilder.Entity<BillingDetail>()             .Property(p => p.BillingDetailId)             .HasDatabaseGenerationOption(DatabaseGenerationOption.None); Working With The Object Model Our TPC mapping is ready and we can try adding new records to the database. But, like I said, now we need to take care of providing unique keys when creating new objects: using (var context = new InheritanceMappingContext()) {     BankAccount bankAccount = new BankAccount()      {          BillingDetailId = 1                          };     CreditCard creditCard = new CreditCard()      {          BillingDetailId = 2,         CardType = 1     };                      context.BillingDetails.Add(bankAccount);     context.BillingDetails.Add(creditCard);     context.SaveChanges(); } Polymorphic Associations with TPC is Problematic The main problem with this approach is that it doesn’t support Polymorphic Associations very well. After all, in the database, associations are represented as foreign key relationships and in TPC, the subclasses are all mapped to different tables so a polymorphic association to their base class (abstract BillingDetail in our example) cannot be represented as a simple foreign key relationship. For example, consider the the domain model we introduced here where User has a polymorphic association with BillingDetail. This would be problematic in our TPC Schema, because if User has a many-to-one relationship with BillingDetail, the Users table would need a single foreign key column, which would have to refer both concrete subclass tables. This isn’t possible with regular foreign key constraints. Schema Evolution with TPC is Complex A further conceptual problem with this mapping strategy is that several different columns, of different tables, share exactly the same semantics. This makes schema evolution more complex. For example, a change to a base class property results in changes to multiple columns. It also makes it much more difficult to implement database integrity constraints that apply to all subclasses. Generated SQLLet's examine SQL output for polymorphic queries in TPC mapping. For example, consider this polymorphic query for all BillingDetails and the resulting SQL statements that being executed in the database: var query = from b in context.BillingDetails select b; Just like the SQL query generated by TPT mapping, the CASE statements that you see in the beginning of the query is merely to ensure columns that are irrelevant for a particular row have NULL values in the returning flattened table. (e.g. BankName for a row that represents a CreditCard type). TPC's SQL Queries are Union Based As you can see in the above screenshot, the first SELECT uses a FROM-clause subquery (which is selected with a red rectangle) to retrieve all instances of BillingDetails from all concrete class tables. The tables are combined with a UNION operator, and a literal (in this case, 0 and 1) is inserted into the intermediate result; (look at the lines highlighted in yellow.) EF reads this to instantiate the correct class given the data from a particular row. A union requires that the queries that are combined, project over the same columns; hence, EF has to pad and fill up nonexistent columns with NULL. This query will really perform well since here we can let the database optimizer find the best execution plan to combine rows from several tables. There is also no Joins involved so it has a better performance than the SQL queries generated by TPT where a Join is required between the base and subclasses tables. Choosing Strategy GuidelinesBefore we get into this discussion, I want to emphasize that there is no one single "best strategy fits all scenarios" exists. As you saw, each of the approaches have their own advantages and drawbacks. Here are some rules of thumb to identify the best strategy in a particular scenario: If you don’t require polymorphic associations or queries, lean toward TPC—in other words, if you never or rarely query for BillingDetails and you have no class that has an association to BillingDetail base class. I recommend TPC (only) for the top level of your class hierarchy, where polymorphism isn’t usually required, and when modification of the base class in the future is unlikely. If you do require polymorphic associations or queries, and subclasses declare relatively few properties (particularly if the main difference between subclasses is in their behavior), lean toward TPH. Your goal is to minimize the number of nullable columns and to convince yourself (and your DBA) that a denormalized schema won’t create problems in the long run. If you do require polymorphic associations or queries, and subclasses declare many properties (subclasses differ mainly by the data they hold), lean toward TPT. Or, depending on the width and depth of your inheritance hierarchy and the possible cost of joins versus unions, use TPC. By default, choose TPH only for simple problems. For more complex cases (or when you’re overruled by a data modeler insisting on the importance of nullability constraints and normalization), you should consider the TPT strategy. But at that point, ask yourself whether it may not be better to remodel inheritance as delegation in the object model (delegation is a way of making composition as powerful for reuse as inheritance). Complex inheritance is often best avoided for all sorts of reasons unrelated to persistence or ORM. EF acts as a buffer between the domain and relational models, but that doesn’t mean you can ignore persistence concerns when designing your classes. SummaryIn this series, we focused on one of the main structural aspect of the object/relational paradigm mismatch which is inheritance and discussed how EF solve this problem as an ORM solution. We learned about the three well-known inheritance mapping strategies and their implementations in EF Code First. Hopefully it gives you a better insight about the mapping of inheritance hierarchies as well as choosing the best strategy for your particular scenario. Happy New Year and Happy Code-Firsting! References ADO.NET team blog Java Persistence with Hibernate book a { color: #5A99FF; } a:visited { color: #5A99FF; } .title { padding-bottom: 5px; font-family: Segoe UI; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 15px; } .code, .typeName { font-family: consolas; } .typeName { color: #2b91af; } .padTop5 { padding-top: 5px; } .padTop10 { padding-top: 10px; } .exception { background-color: #f0f0f0; font-style: italic; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 5px; padding-top: 5px; padding-right: 5px; }

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• Selling Federal Enterprise Architecture (EA)

  - by TedMcLaughlan

  Selling Federal Enterprise Architecture A taxonomy of subject areas, from which to develop a prioritized marketing and communications plan to evangelize EA activities within and among US Federal Government organizations and constituents. Any and all feedback is appreciated, particularly in developing and extending this discussion as a tool for use – more information and details are also available. "Selling" the discipline of Enterprise Architecture (EA) in the Federal Government (particularly in non-DoD agencies) is difficult, notwithstanding the general availability and use of the Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework (FEAF) for some time now, and the relatively mature use of the reference models in the OMB Capital Planning and Investment (CPIC) cycles. EA in the Federal Government also tends to be a very esoteric and hard to decipher conversation – early apologies to those who agree to continue reading this somewhat lengthy article. Alignment to the FEAF and OMB compliance mandates is long underway across the Federal Departments and Agencies (and visible via tools like PortfolioStat and ITDashboard.gov – but there is still a gap between the top-down compliance directives and enablement programs, and the bottom-up awareness and effective use of EA for either IT investment management or actual mission effectiveness. "EA isn't getting deep enough penetration into programs, components, sub-agencies, etc.", verified a panelist at the most recent EA Government Conference in DC. Newer guidance from OMB may be especially difficult to handle, where bottom-up input can't be accurately aligned, analyzed and reported via standardized EA discipline at the Agency level – for example in addressing the new (for FY13) Exhibit 53D "Agency IT Reductions and Reinvestments" and the information required for "Cloud Computing Alternatives Evaluation" (supporting the new Exhibit 53C, "Agency Cloud Computing Portfolio"). Therefore, EA must be "sold" directly to the communities that matter, from a coordinated, proactive messaging perspective that takes BOTH the Program-level value drivers AND the broader Agency mission and IT maturity context into consideration. Selling EA means persuading others to take additional time and possibly assign additional resources, for a mix of direct and indirect benefits – many of which aren't likely to be realized in the short-term. This means there's probably little current, allocated budget to work with; ergo the challenge of trying to sell an "unfunded mandate". Also, the concept of "Enterprise" in large Departments like Homeland Security tends to cross all kinds of organizational boundaries – as Richard Spires recently indicated by commenting that "...organizational boundaries still trump functional similarities. Most people understand what we're trying to do internally, and at a high level they get it. The problem, of course, is when you get down to them and their system and the fact that you're going to be touching them...there's always that fear factor," Spires said. It is quite clear to the Federal IT Investment community that for EA to meet its objective, understandable, relevant value must be measured and reported using a repeatable method – as described by GAO's recent report "Enterprise Architecture Value Needs To Be Measured and Reported". What's not clear is the method or guidance to sell this value. In fact, the current GAO "Framework for Assessing and Improving Enterprise Architecture Management (Version 2.0)", a.k.a. the "EAMMF", does not include words like "sell", "persuade", "market", etc., except in reference ("within Core Element 19: Organization business owner and CXO representatives are actively engaged in architecture development") to a brief section in the CIO Council's 2001 "Practical Guide to Federal Enterprise Architecture", entitled "3.3.1. Develop an EA Marketing Strategy and Communications Plan." Furthermore, Core Element 19 of the EAMMF is advised to be applied in "Stage 3: Developing Initial EA Versions". This kind of EA sales campaign truly should start much earlier in the maturity progress, i.e. in Stages 0 or 1. So, what are the understandable, relevant benefits (or value) to sell, that can find an agreeable, participatory audience, and can pave the way towards success of a longer-term, funded set of EA mechanisms that can be methodically measured and reported? Pragmatic benefits from a useful EA that can help overcome the fear of change? And how should they be sold? Following is a brief taxonomy (it's a taxonomy, to help organize SME support) of benefit-related subjects that might make the most sense, in creating the messages and organizing an initial "engagement plan" for evangelizing EA "from within". An EA "Sales Taxonomy" of sorts. We're not boiling the ocean here; the subjects that are included are ones that currently appear to be urgently relevant to the current Federal IT Investment landscape. Note that successful dialogue in these topics is directly usable as input or guidance for actually developing early-stage, "Fit-for-Purpose" (a DoDAF term) Enterprise Architecture artifacts, as prescribed by common methods found in most EA methodologies, including FEAF, TOGAF, DoDAF and our own Oracle Enterprise Architecture Framework (OEAF). The taxonomy below is organized by (1) Target Community, (2) Benefit or Value, and (3) EA Program Facet - as in: "Let's talk to (1: Community Member) about how and why (3: EA Facet) the EA program can help with (2: Benefit/Value)". Once the initial discussion targets and subjects are approved (that can be measured and reported), a "marketing and communications plan" can be created. A working example follows the Taxonomy. Enterprise Architecture Sales Taxonomy Draft, Summary Version 1. Community 1.1. Budgeted Programs or Portfolios Communities of Purpose (CoPR) 1.1.1. Program/System Owners (Senior Execs) Creating or Executing Acquisition Plans 1.1.2. Program/System Owners Facing Strategic Change 1.1.2.1. Mandated 1.1.2.2. Expected/Anticipated 1.1.3. Program Managers - Creating Employee Performance Plans 1.1.4. CO/COTRs – Creating Contractor Performance Plans, or evaluating Value Engineering Change Proposals (VECP) 1.2. Governance & Communications Communities of Practice (CoP) 1.2.1. Policy Owners 1.2.1.1. OCFO 1.2.1.1.1. Budget/Procurement Office 1.2.1.1.2. Strategic Planning 1.2.1.2. OCIO 1.2.1.2.1. IT Management 1.2.1.2.2. IT Operations 1.2.1.2.3. Information Assurance (Cyber Security) 1.2.1.2.4. IT Innovation 1.2.1.3. Information-Sharing/ Process Collaboration (i.e. policies and procedures regarding Partners, Agreements) 1.2.2. Governing IT Council/SME Peers (i.e. an "Architects Council") 1.2.2.1. Enterprise Architects (assumes others exist; also assumes EA participants aren't buried solely within the CIO shop) 1.2.2.2. Domain, Enclave, Segment Architects – i.e. the right affinity group for a "shared services" EA structure (per the EAMMF), which may be classified as Federated, Segmented, Service-Oriented, or Extended 1.2.2.3. External Oversight/Constraints 1.2.2.3.1. GAO/OIG & Legal 1.2.2.3.2. Industry Standards 1.2.2.3.3. Official public notification, response 1.2.3. Mission Constituents Participant & Analyst Community of Interest (CoI) 1.2.3.1. Mission Operators/Users 1.2.3.2. Public Constituents 1.2.3.3. Industry Advisory Groups, Stakeholders 1.2.3.4. Media 2. Benefit/Value (Note the actual benefits may not be discretely attributable to EA alone; EA is a very collaborative, cross-cutting discipline.) 2.1. Program Costs – EA enables sound decisions regarding... 2.1.1. Cost Avoidance – a TCO theme 2.1.2. Sequencing – alignment of capability delivery 2.1.3. Budget Instability – a Federal reality 2.2. Investment Capital – EA illuminates new investment resources via... 2.2.1. Value Engineering – contractor-driven cost savings on existing budgets, direct or collateral 2.2.2. Reuse – reuse of investments between programs can result in savings, chargeback models; avoiding duplication 2.2.3. License Refactoring – IT license & support models may not reflect actual or intended usage 2.3. Contextual Knowledge – EA enables informed decisions by revealing... 2.3.1. Common Operating Picture (COP) – i.e. cross-program impacts and synergy, relative to context 2.3.2. Expertise & Skill – who truly should be involved in architectural decisions, both business and IT 2.3.3. Influence – the impact of politics and relationships can be examined 2.3.4. Disruptive Technologies – new technologies may reduce costs or mitigate risk in unanticipated ways 2.3.5. What-If Scenarios – can become much more refined, current, verifiable; basis for Target Architectures 2.4. Mission Performance – EA enables beneficial decision results regarding... 2.4.1. IT Performance and Optimization – towards 100% effective, available resource utilization 2.4.2. IT Stability – towards 100%, real-time uptime 2.4.3. Agility – responding to rapid changes in mission 2.4.4. Outcomes –measures of mission success, KPIs – vs. only "Outputs" 2.4.5. Constraints – appropriate response to constraints 2.4.6. Personnel Performance – better line-of-sight through performance plans to mission outcome 2.5. Mission Risk Mitigation – EA mitigates decision risks in terms of... 2.5.1. Compliance – all the right boxes are checked 2.5.2. Dependencies –cross-agency, segment, government 2.5.3. Transparency – risks, impact and resource utilization are illuminated quickly, comprehensively 2.5.4. Threats and Vulnerabilities – current, realistic awareness and profiles 2.5.5. Consequences – realization of risk can be mapped as a series of consequences, from earlier decisions or new decisions required for current issues 2.5.5.1. Unanticipated – illuminating signals of future or non-symmetric risk; helping to "future-proof" 2.5.5.2. Anticipated – discovering the level of impact that matters 3. EA Program Facet (What parts of the EA can and should be communicated, using business or mission terms?) 3.1. Architecture Models – the visual tools to be created and used 3.1.1. Operating Architecture – the Business Operating Model/Architecture elements of the EA truly drive all other elements, plus expose communication channels 3.1.2. Use Of – how can the EA models be used, and how are they populated, from a reasonable, pragmatic yet compliant perspective? What are the core/minimal models required? What's the relationship of these models, with existing system models? 3.1.3. Scope – what level of granularity within the models, and what level of abstraction across the models, is likely to be most effective and useful? 3.2. Traceability – the maturity, status, completeness of the tools 3.2.1. Status – what in fact is the degree of maturity across the integrated EA model and other relevant governance models, and who may already be benefiting from it? 3.2.2. Visibility – how does the EA visibly and effectively prove IT investment performance goals are being reached, with positive mission outcome? 3.3. Governance – what's the interaction, participation method; how are the tools used? 3.3.1. Contributions – how is the EA program informed, accept submissions, collect data? Who are the experts? 3.3.2. Review – how is the EA validated, against what criteria?  Taxonomy Usage Example:   1. To speak with: a. ...a particular set of System Owners Facing Strategic Change, via mandate (like the "Cloud First" mandate); about... b. ...how the EA program's visible and easily accessible Infrastructure Reference Model (i.e. "IRM" or "TRM"), if updated more completely with current system data, can... c. ...help shed light on ways to mitigate risks and avoid future costs associated with NOT leveraging potentially-available shared services across the enterprise... 2. ....the following Marketing & Communications (Sales) Plan can be constructed: a. Create an easy-to-read "Consequence Model" that illustrates how adoption of a cloud capability (like elastic operational storage) can enable rapid and durable compliance with the mandate – using EA traceability. Traceability might be from the IRM to the ARM (that identifies reusable services invoking the elastic storage), and then to the PRM with performance measures (such as % utilization of purchased storage allocation) included in the OMB Exhibits; and b. Schedule a meeting with the Program Owners, timed during their Acquisition Strategy meetings in response to the mandate, to use the "Consequence Model" for advising them to organize a rapid and relevant RFI solicitation for this cloud capability (regarding alternatives for sourcing elastic operational storage); and c. Schedule a series of short "Discovery" meetings with the system architecture leads (as agreed by the Program Owners), to further populate/validate the "As-Is" models and frame the "To Be" models (via scenarios), to better inform the RFI, obtain the best feedback from the vendor community, and provide potential value for and avoid impact to all other programs and systems. --end example -- Note that communications with the intended audience should take a page out of the standard "Search Engine Optimization" (SEO) playbook, using keywords and phrases relating to "value" and "outcome" vs. "compliance" and "output". Searches in email boxes, internal and external search engines for phrases like "cost avoidance strategies", "mission performance metrics" and "innovation funding" should yield messages and content from the EA team. This targeted, informed, practical sales approach should result in additional buy-in and participation, additional EA information contribution and model validation, development of more SMEs and quick "proof points" (with real-life testing) to bolster the case for EA. The proof point here is a successful, timely procurement that satisfies not only the external mandate and external oversight review, but also meets internal EA compliance/conformance goals and therefore is more transparently useful across the community. In short, if sold effectively, the EA will perform and be recognized. EA won’t therefore be used only for compliance, but also (according to a validated, stated purpose) to directly influence decisions and outcomes. The opinions, views and analysis expressed in this document are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of Oracle.

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• Using dd-wrt Dynamic DNS client with CloudFlare

  - by Roman

  I'm trying to configure Dynamic DNS client on my router with dd-wrt (v24-sp2) firmware so it would dynamically change IP address in one of the DNS records. Unfortunately I encountered a problem… Here is an example request from their ddclient configuration: https://www.cloudflare.com/api.html?a=DIUP&u=<my_login>&tkn=<my_token>&ip=<my_ip>&hosts=<my_record> It works if I use it in browser, but in dd-wrt I get this output: Tue Jan 24 00:36:47 2012: INADYN: Started 'INADYN Advanced version 1.96-ADV' - dynamic DNS updater. Tue Jan 24 00:36:47 2012: I:INADYN: IP address for alias '<my_record>' needs update to '<my_ip>' Tue Jan 24 00:36:48 2012: W:INADYN: Error validating DYNDNS svr answer. Check usr,pass,hostname! (HTTP/1.1 303 See Other Server: cloudflare-nginx Date: Mon, 23 Jan 2012 14:36:48 GMT Content-Type: text/plain Connection: close Expires: Sun, 25 Jan 1981 05:00:00 GMT Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0 Pragma: no-cache Location: https://www.cloudflare.com/api.html?a=DIUP&u=<my_login>&tkn=<my_token>&ip=<my_ip>&hosts=<my_record> Vary: Accept-Encoding Set-Cookie: __cfduid=<id>; expires=Mon, 23-Dec-2019 23:50:00 GMT; path=/; domain=.cloudflare.com Set-Cookie: __cfduid=<id>; expires=Mon, 23-Dec-2019 23:50:00 GMT; path=/; domain=.www.cloudflare.com You must include an `a' paramiter, with a value of DIUP|wl|chl|nul|ban|comm_news|devmode|sec_lvl|ipv46|ob|cache_lvl|fpurge_ts|async|pre_purge|minify|stats|direct|zone_check|zone_ips|zone_errors|zone_agg|zone_search|zone_time|zone_grab|app|rec_se URL from "Location" works perfectly and parameter "a" is included. What's the problem?

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• VSS error 521 when attempting backup

  - by blade

  Hi, I have backupassist and I attempt to run a backup, with VSS service running. However, I get this error in Windows Event Log: The backup operation that started at '?2010?-?04?-?30T01:51:15.601000000Z' has failed because the Volume Shadow Copy Service operation to create a shadow copy of the volumes being backed up failed with following error code '2155348129'. Please review the event details for a solution, and then rerun the backup operation once the issue is resolved. Code: 521. The error in backupassist is: The backup operation stopped before completing. Detailed error: ERROR - A Volume Shadow Copy Service operation error has occurred: (0x80042336) The writer experienced a partial failure. Check the component level error state for more information. Log of files successfully backed up: C:\Windows\Logs\WindowsServerBackup\Backup-29-04-2010_18-51-15.log Log of files for which backup failed: C:\Windows\Logs\WindowsServerBackup\Backup_Error-29-04-2010_18-51-15.log A Volume Shadow Copy Service operation failed. Please check "VSS" and "SPP" application event logs for more information. ERROR - A Volume Shadow Copy Service operation error has occurred: (0x80042336) The writer experienced a partial failure. Check the component level error state for more information. Any idea how to fix this? I work in a company with server engineers, they all state of having no problems with 2008 and VSS (though in the company we use predominantly 2003). Without vss working, I assume no backup application will work? Thanks

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• syspolicy_purge_history generates failed logins

  - by jbrown414

  I have a development server with 3 instances: Default, A and B. It is a physical server, non clustered. Whenever the syspolicy_purge_history job runs at 2 am, I get failed login alerts. Looking at the job steps, all are successfully completed. It appears that some point during the step "Erase Phantom System Health Records" is when the failed logins occur. syspolicy_purge_history on instance B works OK. syspolicy_purge_history on the Default instance seems to want to connect to instance B, resulting in: Error: 18456, Severity: 14, State: 11. Login failed for user 'Machinename\sqlsvc-B'. Reason: Token-based server access validation failed with an infrastructure error. Check for previous errors. [CLIENT: <local machine>] . No errors are reported by Powershell. syspolicy_purge_history on the A instance seems to want to connect to the Default instance resulting in Error: 18456, Severity: 14, State: 11. Login failed for user 'Machinename\sqlsvc-Default'. Reason: Token-based server access validation failed with an infrastructure error. Check for previous errors. [CLIENT: <local machine>] . Then it tries to connect to the B instance, resulting in Error: 18456, Severity: 14, State: 11. Login failed for user 'Machinename\sqlsvc-B'. Reason: Token-based server access validation failed with an infrastructure error. Check for previous errors. [CLIENT: <local machine>] . No errors are reported by Powershell. I tried the steps posted here hoping they would fix it. http://support.microsoft.com/kb/955726 But again, this is not a virtual server nor is it in a cluster. Do you have any suggestions? Thanks.

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• Error cloning gitosis-admin on new setup

  - by michaelmior

  I have the following in my gitosis.conf. (Created via gitsosis-init < id_rsa.pub with the key from my laptop) [gitosis] loglevel = DEBUG [group gitosis-admin] writable = gitosis-admin members = michael@laptop When I try git clone git@SERVER:gitsos-admin.git, I get the following errors: Initialized empty Git repository in /home/michael/gitsos-admin/.git/ DEBUG:gitosis.serve.main:Got command "git-upload-pack 'gitsos-admin.git'" DEBUG:gitosis.access.haveAccess:Access check for 'michael@laptop' as 'writable' on 'gitsos-admin.git'... DEBUG:gitosis.access.haveAccess:Stripping .git suffix from 'gitsos-admin.git', new value 'gitsos-admin' DEBUG:gitosis.group.getMembership:found 'michael@laptop' in 'gitosis-admin' DEBUG:gitosis.access.haveAccess:Access check for 'michael@laptop' as 'writeable' on 'gitsos-admin.git'... DEBUG:gitosis.access.haveAccess:Stripping .git suffix from 'gitsos-admin.git', new value 'gitsos-admin' DEBUG:gitosis.group.getMembership:found 'michael@laptop' in 'gitosis-admin' DEBUG:gitosis.access.haveAccess:Access check for 'michael@laptop' as 'readonly' on 'gitsos-admin.git'... DEBUG:gitosis.access.haveAccess:Stripping .git suffix from 'gitsos-admin.git', new value 'gitsos-admin' DEBUG:gitosis.group.getMembership:found 'michael@laptop' in 'gitosis-admin' ERROR:gitosis.serve.main:Repository read access denied fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly I know my key is being accepted because I have tried logging in via SSH and although a terminal won't be allocated, the authorization works.

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• Linux Software RAID-1 in production environment

  - by Gareth

  Is it recommended to use software RAID-1 in a production environment? Due to budget constraints, I cannot get a hardware RAID controller for a new server. While I'm aware of a slight performance decrease, is it really that much of a difference?

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• Nameserver configuration error (Stealth NS records)

  - by Saif Bechan

  Hello i have a nameserver with a primary domain configured. Now i added a second domain, I have set NS records of the second domain to use the first domain, but i get some strange error. When i do the nameserver check at SIDN, for domains in the netherlands, i sais everything is right configured: Errors=0, Warnings=0, Informational=3 ** Summary: ACCEPTED centshopper.nl. ** Full check report: primary name server "ns1.rdshosting.nl." Info: name server looks correctly configured. secondary name server "ns2.rdshosting.nl." Info: name server looks correctly configured. secondary name server "ns3.rdshosting.nl." Info: name server looks correctly configured. ** DNScheck 4.2.6, 2010/03/12 23:19:58 CET+0100 Now when i check my dns settings over at http://intodns.com/centshopper.nl i get the following 2 errors: 1) Missing nameservers reported by parent FAIL: The following nameservers are listed at your nameservers as nameservers for your domain, but are not listed at the parent nameservers (see RFC2181 5.4.1). You need to make sure that these nameservers are working.If they are not working ok, you may have problems! ns3.rdshosting.nl 2) Stealth NS records sent Stealth NS records were sent: ns3.rdshosting.nl I am running plesk icw centos. In my opinion everything is ok. Does anyone know of this error and know what the possible cause would be. I have checked the first few hits on google already, and can't come up with a working solution. On a sidenote, can anyone explain to me what GLUE is and why i am not getting any. If you have been, thanks for reading!

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• Nagios returns "No output returned from plugin" running process

  - by user56291

  I have a nagios server and a bunch of nagios clients that i currently monitor. All the clients are setup with the following nrpe configuration. check_users, check_load... metrics are successfully displayed on the nagios interface but check_nginx and check_server_proxy displayed as "Unknown"-(No output returned from plugin). As far as i understood nagios simply runs ps command and looks for either the argument strings or the name of the command to verify whether the service is running. Also with -c flag, one can give nagios a threshold to determine the output (ie: -c 1 returns 'OK' for if it finds at least 1 process.) nrpe_local.cfg: ###################################### # Do any local nrpe configuration here ###################################### allowed_hosts =127.0.0.1,10.0.2.181 command[check_users]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_users -w 5 -c 10 command[check_load]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20 command[check_all_disks]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z command[check_total_procs]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w 150 -c 200 command[check_swap]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_swap -w 50% -c 25% command[check_server_proxy]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -c 1 -a "api-v1/server.js" command[check_nginx]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -c 1:30 -C nginx nagios_server.cfg ... define host{ use generic-host ; Name of host template to use host_name plum alias plum address 10.0.2.88 check_command check-host-alive-by-ssh } ... #Check api-proxy-server define service{ use generic-service host_name plum service_description check api proxy service check_command check_nrpe!check_server_proxy } define service { use generic-service ; Name of service template to use host_name plum service_description CHECK_NGINX check_period 24x7 max_check_attempts 3 normal_check_interval 5 retry_check_interval 3 check_command check_nrpe!check_nginx notifications_enabled 1 } Also when i run the command on the nagios client: /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -c 1 -a "api-v1/server.js" I get the desired output PROCS OK: 1 process with args 'api-v1/server.js' I would really appreciate any pointers that might help me solve why it nrpe command does not return the desired output on the nagios server panel.

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• Enable RemoteApp Full Desktop programmatically

  - by Scott Chamberlain

  I am writing a powershell script to set up some HyperV VM's however there is one step I am having trouble automating. How do I check the box to allow Remote desktop access from the RemoteApp settings programmatically? I can set up all of my customizations I need by doing #build the secrity descriptor so the desktop only shows up for people who should be allowed to see it $remoteDesktopUsersSid = New-Object System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier($remoteDesktopUsersGroup.objectSid[0],0) $aceTemplet = 'O:WDG:WDD:ARP(A;CIOI;CCLCSWLORCGR;;;{0})' $securityDescriptor = $aceTemplet -f $remoteDesktopUsersSid #get a copy of the WMI instance $tsRemoteDesktop = Get-WmiObject -Namespace root\CIMV2\TerminalServices -Class Win32_TSRemoteDesktop #set settings $tsRemoteDesktop.Name = $ServerDisplayName $tsRemoteDesktop.SecurityDescriptor = $securityDescriptor $tsRemoteDesktop.IconPath = $IconPath $tsRemoteDesktop.IconIndex = $IconIndex #push settings back to server Set-WmiInstance -InputObject $tsRemoteDesktop -PutType UpdateOnly however the instance of that WMI object does not exist until after you have the above box checked. I attempted to use Set-WmiInstance to instantiate and set the settings at the same time but I keep getting errors like: Set-WmiInstance : At line:53 char:16 + Set-WmiInstance <<<< -Namespace root\CIMV2\TerminalServices -Class Win32_TSRemoteDesktop -Arguments @{Alias='TSRemoteDesktop';Name=$ServerDisplayName;ShowInPortal=$true;SecurityDescriptor=$securityDescriptor} + CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [Set-WmiInstance], ArgumentException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : System.ArgumentException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.SetWmiInstance (also after running the command and getting the error it will delete the instance of Win32_TSRemoteDesktop if it already exited and un-check the box in the properties setting) Is there any way to programmatically check that box or can anyone help with why Set-WmiInstance throws that error?

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• How to setup equivalent USVIDEO.ORG DNS-Proxy on Linux

  - by Gary

  I have a VPS in the USA running Ubuntu. I want to setup something similar to http://www.usvideo.org Basically, USVIDEO is a DNS service that allows Canadians to access American content like Hulu, Netflix, NBC, and etc (restricted by geographical IP). Here is how I think USVideo does it: Clients (PS3, XBOX, PC) specifies the DNS server(s) as specified on USVIDEO.org's website. If the DNS request is a video/audio site such as Netflix or Pandora, forward the request to a proxy. Otherwise, for all other requests, forward it to a different DNS server. If the specific video/audio URL is requested, return the address of the proxy server, which in turn relays traffic to the destination video/audio domain via the U.S. gateway so that it appears that the access is coming from a U.S. IP address. Once the DNS request has passed the U.S. IP address check, their proxy server steps out of the loop and lets the video streaming site contact you directly to start the video stream. This trick relies on the way that the video streaming sites check the country of your IP address once up front, but don't actually check the country of the destination IP address while the video is streaming. What is elegant about this solution is that a VPN Tunnel is not required to bypass geographical IP checks from certain websites. All that is required on the client side is to specify the DNS server (the VPS). If a certain site is geographically locked, just forward the traffic to a proxy, and that's it. These sites can be specified in the DNS entries, or perhaps in the proxy service to redirect the DNS request to its own proxy. I believe what I need to setup something similar is Squid Proxy, IPTables, and DNS. What I need help is how to exactly approach this? Would Squid Proxy be setup as a transparent proxy?

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• Puppet's automatically generated certificates failing

  - by gparent

  I am running a default configuration of Puppet on Debian Squeeze 6.0.4. The server's FQDN is master.example.com. The client's FQDN is client.example.com. I am able to contact the puppet master and send a CSR. I sign it using puppetca -sa but the client will still not connect. Date of both machines is within 2 seconds of Tue Apr 3 20:59:00 UTC 2012 as I wrote this sentence. This is what appears in /var/log/syslog: Apr 3 17:03:52 localhost puppet-agent[18653]: Reopening log files Apr 3 17:03:52 localhost puppet-agent[18653]: Starting Puppet client version 2.6.2 Apr 3 17:03:53 localhost puppet-agent[18653]: Could not retrieve catalog from remote server: SSL_connect returned=1 errno=0 state=SSLv3 read server certificate B: certificate verify failed Apr 3 17:03:53 localhost puppet-agent[18653]: Using cached catalog Apr 3 17:03:53 localhost puppet-agent[18653]: Could not retrieve catalog; skipping run Here is some interesting output: OpenSSL client test: client:~# openssl s_client -host master.example.com -port 8140 -cert /var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/client.example.com.pem -key /var/lib/puppet/ssl/private_keys/client.example.com.pem -CAfile /var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/ca.pem CONNECTED(00000003) depth=1 /CN=Puppet CA: master.example.com verify return:1 depth=0 /CN=master.example.com verify error:num=7:certificate signature failure verify return:1 depth=0 /CN=master.example.com verify return:1 18509:error:1409441B:SSL routines:SSL3_READ_BYTES:tlsv1 alert decrypt error:s3_pkt.c:1102:SSL alert number 51 18509:error:140790E5:SSL routines:SSL23_WRITE:ssl handshake failure:s23_lib.c:188: client:~# master's certificate: root@master:/etc/puppet# openssl x509 -text -noout -in /etc/puppet/ssl/certs/master.example.com.pem Certificate: Data: Version: 3 (0x2) Serial Number: 2 (0x2) Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption Issuer: CN=Puppet CA: master.example.com Validity Not Before: Apr 2 20:01:28 2012 GMT Not After : Apr 2 20:01:28 2017 GMT Subject: CN=master.example.com Subject Public Key Info: Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption RSA Public Key: (1024 bit) Modulus (1024 bit): 00:a9:c1:f9:4c:cd:0f:68:84:7b:f4:93:16:20:44: 7a:2b:05:8e:57:31:05:8e:9c:c8:08:68:73:71:39: c1:86:6a:59:93:6e:53:aa:43:11:83:5b:2d:8c:7d: 54:05:65:c1:e1:0e:94:4a:f0:86:58:c3:3d:4f:f3: 7d:bd:8e:29:58:a6:36:f4:3e:b2:61:ec:53:b5:38: 8e:84:ac:5f:a3:e3:8c:39:bd:cf:4f:3c:ff:a9:65: 09:66:3c:ba:10:14:69:d5:07:57:06:28:02:37:be: 03:82:fb:90:8b:7d:b3:a5:33:7b:9b:3a:42:51:12: b3:ac:dd:d5:58:69:a9:8a:ed Exponent: 65537 (0x10001) X509v3 extensions: X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical CA:FALSE Netscape Comment: Puppet Ruby/OpenSSL Internal Certificate X509v3 Key Usage: critical Digital Signature, Key Encipherment X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 8C:2F:14:84:B6:A1:B5:0C:11:52:36:AB:E5:3F:F2:B9:B3:25:F3:1C X509v3 Extended Key Usage: critical TLS Web Server Authentication, TLS Web Client Authentication Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption 7b:2c:4f:c2:76:38:ab:03:7f:c6:54:d9:78:1d:ab:6c:45:ab: 47:02:c7:fd:45:4e:ab:b5:b6:d9:a7:df:44:72:55:0c:a5:d0: 86:58:14:ae:5f:6f:ea:87:4d:78:e4:39:4d:20:7e:3d:6d:e9: e2:5e:d7:c9:3c:27:43:a4:29:44:85:a1:63:df:2f:55:a9:6a: 72:46:d8:fb:c7:cc:ca:43:e7:e1:2c:fe:55:2a:0d:17:76:d4: e5:49:8b:85:9f:fa:0e:f6:cc:e8:28:3e:8b:47:b0:e1:02:f0: 3d:73:3e:99:65:3b:91:32:c5:ce:e4:86:21:b2:e0:b4:15:b5: 22:63 root@master:/etc/puppet# CA's certificate: root@master:/etc/puppet# openssl x509 -text -noout -in /etc/puppet/ssl/certs/ca.pem Certificate: Data: Version: 3 (0x2) Serial Number: 1 (0x1) Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption Issuer: CN=Puppet CA: master.example.com Validity Not Before: Apr 2 20:01:05 2012 GMT Not After : Apr 2 20:01:05 2017 GMT Subject: CN=Puppet CA: master.example.com Subject Public Key Info: Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption RSA Public Key: (1024 bit) Modulus (1024 bit): 00:b5:2c:3e:26:a3:ae:43:b8:ed:1e:ef:4d:a1:1e: 82:77:78:c2:98:3f:e2:e0:05:57:f0:8d:80:09:36: 62:be:6c:1a:21:43:59:1d:e9:b9:4d:e0:9c:fa:09: aa:12:a1:82:58:fc:47:31:ed:ad:ad:73:01:26:97: ef:d2:d6:41:6b:85:3b:af:70:00:b9:63:e9:1b:c3: ce:57:6d:95:0e:a6:d2:64:bd:1f:2c:1f:5c:26:8e: 02:fd:d3:28:9e:e9:8f:bc:46:bb:dd:25:db:39:57: 81:ed:e5:c8:1f:3d:ca:39:cf:e7:f3:63:75:f6:15: 1f:d4:71:56:ed:84:50:fb:5d Exponent: 65537 (0x10001) X509v3 extensions: X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical CA:TRUE Netscape Comment: Puppet Ruby/OpenSSL Internal Certificate X509v3 Key Usage: critical Certificate Sign, CRL Sign X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 8C:2F:14:84:B6:A1:B5:0C:11:52:36:AB:E5:3F:F2:B9:B3:25:F3:1C Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption 1d:cd:c6:65:32:42:a5:01:62:46:87:10:da:74:7e:8b:c8:c9: 86:32:9e:c2:2e:c1:fd:00:79:f0:ef:d8:73:dd:7e:1b:1a:3f: cc:64:da:a3:38:ad:49:4e:c8:4d:e3:09:ba:bc:66:f2:6f:63: 9a:48:19:2d:27:5b:1d:2a:69:bf:4f:f4:e0:67:5e:66:84:30: e5:85:f4:49:6e:d0:92:ae:66:77:50:cf:45:c0:29:b2:64:87: 12:09:d3:10:4d:91:b6:f3:63:c4:26:b3:fa:94:2b:96:18:1f: 9b:a9:53:74:de:9c:73:a4:3a:8d:bf:fa:9c:c0:42:9d:78:49: 4d:70 root@master:/etc/puppet# Client's certificate: client:~# openssl x509 -text -noout -in /var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/client.example.com.pem Certificate: Data: Version: 3 (0x2) Serial Number: 3 (0x3) Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption Issuer: CN=Puppet CA: master.example.com Validity Not Before: Apr 2 20:01:36 2012 GMT Not After : Apr 2 20:01:36 2017 GMT Subject: CN=client.example.com Subject Public Key Info: Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption RSA Public Key: (1024 bit) Modulus (1024 bit): 00:ae:88:6d:9b:e3:b1:fc:47:07:d6:bf:ea:53:d1: 14:14:9b:35:e6:70:43:e0:58:35:76:ac:c5:9d:86: 02:fd:77:28:fc:93:34:65:9d:dd:0b:ea:21:14:4d: 8a:95:2e:28:c9:a5:8d:a2:2c:0e:1c:a0:4c:fa:03: e5:aa:d3:97:98:05:59:3c:82:a9:7c:0e:e9:df:fd: 48:81:dc:33:dc:88:e9:09:e4:19:d6:e4:7b:92:33: 31:73:e4:f2:9c:42:75:b2:e1:9f:d9:49:8c:a7:eb: fa:7d:cb:62:22:90:1c:37:3a:40:95:a7:a0:3b:ad: 8e:12:7c:6e:ad:04:94:ed:47 Exponent: 65537 (0x10001) X509v3 extensions: X509v3 Basic Constraints: critical CA:FALSE Netscape Comment: Puppet Ruby/OpenSSL Internal Certificate X509v3 Key Usage: critical Digital Signature, Key Encipherment X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 8C:2F:14:84:B6:A1:B5:0C:11:52:36:AB:E5:3F:F2:B9:B3:25:F3:1C X509v3 Extended Key Usage: critical TLS Web Server Authentication, TLS Web Client Authentication Signature Algorithm: sha1WithRSAEncryption 33:1f:ec:3c:91:5a:eb:c6:03:5f:a1:58:60:c3:41:ed:1f:fe: cb:b2:40:11:63:4d:ba:18:8a:8b:62:ba:ab:61:f5:a0:6c:0e: 8a:20:56:7b:10:a1:f9:1d:51:49:af:70:3a:05:f9:27:4a:25: d4:e6:88:26:f7:26:e0:20:30:2a:20:1d:c4:d3:26:f1:99:cf: 47:2e:73:90:bd:9c:88:bf:67:9e:dd:7c:0e:3a:86:6b:0b:8d: 39:0f:db:66:c0:b6:20:c3:34:84:0e:d8:3b:fc:1c:a8:6c:6c: b1:19:76:65:e6:22:3c:bf:ff:1c:74:bb:62:a0:46:02:95:fa: 83:41 client:~#

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• How to fix locale settings in Debian squeeze

  - by blogjunkie

  I occasionally get locale errors and I've tried to run dpkg-reconfigure locales to fix the problem. Here's the output: :~$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales perl: warning: Setting locale failed. perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: LANGUAGE = (unset), LC_ALL = (unset), LC_CTYPE = "UTF-8", LANG = "en_US.UTF-8" are supported and installed on your system. perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory /usr/bin/locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory /usr/bin/locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory Generating locales (this might take a while)... en_US.UTF-8... done Generation complete. perl: warning: Setting locale failed. perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: LANGUAGE = (unset), LC_ALL = (unset), LC_CTYPE = "UTF-8", LANG = "C" are supported and installed on your system. perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). perl: warning: Setting locale failed. perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: LANGUAGE = (unset), LC_ALL = (unset), LC_CTYPE = "UTF-8", LANG = "C" are supported and installed on your system. perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). I looked for /usr/bin/locale but it doesn't exist on my system. Do I need to create it? What do I put in there? Also I found a related question that says the cause of his problem was in the sshd_config file. The file had the following entry: AcceptEnv LANG LC_* I'm mainly concerned that it may cause problems for my VPS, otherwise if it's nothing major I'll be happy to ignore the problem. What should I do? thanks!

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• Setting "Register this connection's addresses in DNS" using GPO

  - by ChamaraG

  Hi All, I need to get the Windows XP client machines in my network to dynamically update their DNS A records. The network is an AD domain running on Windows Server 2003 R2 servers with Win XP SP3 clients. Some machines already have the "Register this connection's addresses in DNS" check box checked and sucessfully update the DNS server. But some machines do not have this check box set and I need to set this. I read that this is possible using a GPO and I enabled the following: Computer configuration - Administrative templates - Network - DNS client Primary DNS Suffix Dynamic Update DNS Servers Connection-Specific DNS Suffix Register DNS records with connection-specific DNS suffix and where required, entered the relevant parameters. Running rsop.msc in the client machines shows that the GPO has been applied. The client machines have been rebooted. The DNS server allows "Nonsecure and secure" dynamic updates and is only accessible from our internal network. But, the "Register this connection's addresses in DNS" check box is not set. And the hosts without this set are not updating their DNS A records. Per another suggestion in a web site, i tried running "ipconfig /registerdns", but it does not add the DNS A record. Any advice on what I am doing wrong here would be gratefully accepted :-) Thank you.

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• MSMQ Resilience

  - by Paddy Carroll

  I have a requirement for a resilient MSMQ setup on VMWare ESX5. I am aware that we cannot allow the queue storage to be shared as it must be installed on physical disk mount, e.g. it cant be an CIFS or DFS Share. The following constraints apply: We don't use windows clustering We dont't rely on hot standbys Is there a way I can replicate the queue storage to another platform so that it can assume MSMQ duties on failure of the primary platforms using any method including queue forwarding?

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• Migrating SQL server 2000 database to SQL server 2005

  - by rboorgapally

  Can any one suggest variou ways of migrating a database from SQL server 2000 to 2005. How do I make sure all constraints, primary keys and indexes are preserved. Is there any migration tool that preserves them.

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• Nginx proxy with Redmine SVN authentication.

  - by Omegaice

  I am attempting to setup a system where I have an nginx server running as a reverse proxy for multiple websites that I want to run. To separate the websites I have created a Linux container which contains each site to allow me to reduce conflicts in database usage etc. I am currently trying to get my main site working and have nginx with passenger setup and connecting to redmine and I have an Apache install specifically setup for serving the SVN over HTTP and am attempting to use the redmine authentication with that. I have set everything up as described in the redmine howtos, but when I check a project out from the SVN it always works even if the project is private and whenever I try and commit to the repositories it fails saying "Could not open the requested SVN filesystem", the Apache error log related to that event is "(20014)Internal error: Can't open file '/srv/rcs/svn/error/format': No such file or directory". If I take out the redmine authentication I can checkout and check-in repositories fine but there is no authentication. Does anyone have any ideas? Edit I tried to solve this problem another way by attempting to have the authentication work by LDAP, I managed to get it so that my user could log into the redmine website but as soon as I tried to check anything out it said that access was forbidden to the repository.

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• Setup Entourage for Exchange via HTTP communication

  - by Johandk

  Our ISP set up a hosted exchange server for all our mail. I've setup all our Outlook users with no problems. We have two people using Mac OSX Leopard and Entourage. Entourage has the option of adding an Exchange account, but I have no idea how to tell it to connect to exchange via HTTP. Heres an excerpt from the client setup docs the hosting company sent me for Outlook: 1 .Go to control panel 2. Select ‘Mail’ 3. Select ‘Email accounts’ Under the E-mail tab select ‘New’ Select ‘Manually configure server settings......’ - click next Select ‘Microsoft Exchange’ – click next Complete details as below with Microsoft Exchange Server as: [server address] Do not select ‘Check Name’. Instead select ‘More Settings’. Go to the Connection tab, and select the bottom option ‘Connect to Microsoft Exchange using HTTP’. And then select the ‘Exchange Proxy Settings’ button. Enter Proxy server for Exchange Check Only connect to proxy servers that have this principal name in their certificate, Enter msstd:[servername] Proxy Authentication - select Basic Authentication Select OK, and again, so that you return to the main screen. Now select ‘Check Name’. Enter Username and Password: The username should now be the full name and underlined. If so select next, and then finish. Next time you open Outlook, enter username and password Any help GREATLY appreciated.

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