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• Programming *into* a language vs. writing C code in Ruby

  - by bastibe

  Code Complete states that you should aways code into a language as opposed to code in it. By that, they mean Don't limit your programming thinking only to the concepts that are supported automatically by your language. The best programmers think of what they want to do, and then they assess how to accomplish their objectives with the programming tools at their disposal. (chapter 34.4) Doesn't this lead to using one style of programming in every language out there, regardless of the particular strengths and weaknesses of the language at hand? Or, to put the question in a more answerable format: Would you propose that one should try to encode one's problem as neatly as possible with the particulars of one's language, or should you rather search the most elegant solution overall, even if that means that you need to implement possibly awkward constructs that do not exist natively in one's language?

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• Will learning programming be as fundamental as learning reading/writing to the kids of the future?

  - by pythagras

  It seems I encounter more and more economists, scientists, and miscellaneous other professionals that have jobs that involve programming on some level. More and more, the jobs that my peers have in many many technical professions involve at least some simple scripting if not something more involved. It seems it used to be that "software engineer" was a distinct profession, now its becoming just another skill like writing -- something that any serious technical professional should be able to use for their job. I see a future where programming is essential to getting any kind of technical/mathematical job. Extrapolating on my anecdotal view of my colleagues... Will the kids of the future become literate in programming in the same way they become readers/writers? Will it become so fundamental to our economy and society that it will be taught at an early age? Will interacting with computers be as important as interacting with other people?

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• How can I explain object-oriented programming to someone who's only coded in Fortran 77? [closed]

  - by Zonedabone

  Possible Duplicate: How can I explain object-oriented programming to someone who’s only coded in Fortran 77? My mother did her college thesis in Fortran, and now (over a decade later) needs to learn c++ for fluids simulations. She is able to understand all of the procedural programming, but no matter how hard I try to explain objects to her, it doesn't stick. (I do a lot of work with Java, so I know how objects work) I think I might be explaining it in too high-level ways, so it isn't really making sense to someone who's never worked with them at all and grew up in the age of purely functional programming. Is there any simple way I can explain them to her that will help her understand? Thanks for the help in advance.

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• How can I improve these online java programming puzzles I wrote for my (middle/high school) students?

  - by Arcymag

  I'm teaching some middle and high school students programming right now, and I found that some of them really liked online programming puzzles. So I created http://www.kapparate.com/coder/ , and right now there's 4 categories of puzzles. All the puzzles are set up right now so that variables are pre-initialized, and the user plugs in some code in the middle. For example, the problem might say these are pre-initialized: int x = ????; int y = ????; int z; and then the program might ask the student to write the final line of code: z = x + y;. Now I know I could go a long way in improving the usability of this site (like having an area that lists the pre-defined variables), but I was wondering if this concept seems sound. I know some sites have kids fill in functions, but not all of my students know what functions are yet, and I'm trying to introduce online programming puzzles before that.

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• As a minor, how can I make programming profitable? [closed]

  - by lesderid

  Possible Duplicate: Can I be “too young” to get a programming job? I’m 15 and I want to Freelance I've always loved programming. I started when I was about 8 with making some silly WinForms applications in VB.Net that basically did nothing. Now, I'm 15 and I would say I'm quite good C# and I'm reading through Jon Skeet's C# In Depth. I also have some experience with VB, C++ and Assembler (mostly reverse engineering). I really love coding, which got me wondering about college, what I can study to get into the software business. However, I would like to earn some money now, so I can spend it on better hardware, on development tools or on other hobbies. This is hard because I don't have any work experience nor have I done any programming-related studies. It's also not legal for me to do any freelancing jobs as I'm under the age of 18. How can I use my current experience at my age to earn some money?

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• How to learn programming from very basic level to advanced level? [closed]

  - by user1022209

  I know many programming languages ,skills and concepts in very basic, such as PHP, Java, Object-oriented technology. Using PHP, I can build a simple website with CRUD, login function. Using Java, I can make an basic swing csv/plain text editor in which user can switch between 2 different views. In term of object-oriented Technology, I clearly understand what encapsulation, inheritance and Polymorphism are I want to know more about programming. Sometimes I "google" some of the topics I am interested at , the more I see on the internet, the more I feel I am a small potato in the world ( indeed I am ). The codings/concepts are difficult to understand. I lacks confidence right now so I am asking this question :( What is the best way to learn programming to advanced level? Just buy a book and read it page to page? Thanks for any helps

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• What is the worst programming language you ever worked with? [closed]

  - by Ludwig Weinzierl

  If you have an interesting story to share, please post an answer, but do not abuse this question for bashing a language. We are programmers, and our primary tool is the programming language we use. While there is a lot of discussion about the best one, I'd like to hear your stories about the worst programming languages you ever worked with and I'd like to know exactly what annoyed you. I'd like to collect this stories partly to avoid common pitfalls while designing a language (especially a DSL) and partly to avoid quirky languages in the future in general. This question is not subjective. If a language supports only single character identifiers (see my own answer) this is bad in a non-debatable way. EDIT Some people have raised concerns that this question attracts trolls. Wading through all your answers made one thing clear. The large majority of answers is appropriate, useful and well written. UPDATE 2009-07-01 19:15 GMT The language overview is now complete, covering 103 different languages from 102 answers. I decided to be lax about what counts as a programming language and included anything reasonable. Thank you David for your comments on this. Here are all programming languages covered so far (alphabetical order, linked with answer, new entries in bold): ABAP, all 20th century languages, all drag and drop languages, all proprietary languages, APF, APL (1), AS400, Authorware, Autohotkey, BancaStar, BASIC, Bourne Shell, Brainfuck, C++, Centura Team Developer, Cobol (1), Cold Fusion, Coldfusion, CRM114, Crystal Syntax, CSS, Dataflex 2.3, DB/c DX, dbase II, DCL, Delphi IDE, Doors DXL, DOS batch (1), Excel Macro language, FileMaker, FOCUS, Forth, FORTRAN, FORTRAN 77, HTML, Illustra web blade, Informix 4th Generation Language, Informix Universal Server web blade, INTERCAL, Java, JavaScript (1), JCL (1), karol, LabTalk, Labview, Lingo, LISP, Logo, LOLCODE, LotusScript, m4, Magic II, Makefiles, MapBasic, MaxScript, Meditech Magic, MEL, mIRC Script, MS Access, MUMPS, Oberon, object extensions to C, Objective-C, OPS5, Oz, Perl (1), PHP, PL/SQL, PowerDynamo, PROGRESS 4GL, prova, PS-FOCUS, Python, Regular Expressions, RPG, RPG II, Scheme, ScriptMaker, sendmail.conf, Smalltalk, Smalltalk , SNOBOL, SpeedScript, Sybase PowerBuilder, Symbian C++, System RPL, TCL, TECO, The Visual Software Environment, Tiny praat, TransCAD, troff, uBasic, VB6 (1), VBScript (1), VDF4, Vimscript, Visual Basic (1), Visual C++, Visual Foxpro, VSE, Webspeed, XSLT The answers covering 80386 assembler, VB6 and VBScript have been removed.

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• Is programming in PHP easy?

  - by nik

  PHP is considered as an easy language of all, Why? Being an php developer, I haven't use any other language that much. And I know with php we gotta learn so much other things also like javascript ajax xml database jquery + all the cms like joomla, drupal, phpbb etc etc. And in web worls u always had to learn injecting maps, calendars, payment gatewaysetc Do learning other languages have these much dependencies? And if php easy than isn't it good thing to have easy language. I can't imagine to built a website in assembly language(Is it possible?)

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• Programming language for web

  - by cable729

  I haven't programmed in a while, and have kind of lost interest, but I want to get back, and I've enjoyed C# the most, a lot more than objective-c and visual basic. So I want to make some games that me and my friends will be able to play next school year. So basically something you can play on the web. What programming languages deploy to the web? If c# is possible, and a mac with safari/firefox would be able to use it (I can't install plugins, and I don't want to get in trouble for making myself admin again) Flash, Java, etc. If java does, I'd like that most since it's most like c#. Then what libraries/engines would I use? I want to do 2d. And then what IDE would I use? Thanks in advance!

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• Programming with midi, and tuning notes to specific frequencies

  - by froggie0106

  I am working on a project in which I need to be able to generate midi notes of varying frequencies with as much accuracy as possible. I originally tried to write my program in Java, but it turns out that the sound.midi package does not support changing the tunings of notes unless the frequencies are Equal Tempered frequencies (or at least it didn't in 1.4, and I haven't been able to find evidence that this has been fixed in recent versions). I have been trying to find a more appropriate language/library to accomplish this task, but since this is my first time programming with MIDI and my need for specific tuning functionality is essential, I have been having considerable trouble finding exactly what I need. I am looking for advice from people who have experience writing MIDI programs as to what languages are useful, especially for tuning notes to specific frequencies. Any links to websites with API docs and example code would also be extremely helpful.

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• View plain text files with different background colors in Mac OSX, for different programming languag

  - by Werner

  Hi, I work with Mac OS X Leopard. I usually have 5 or 10 text files opened at the same time with different programming languages; one for a bash script, another for a python one, etc. When I use exposé all of them look the same, so it is difficult to select them. I wonder how could I work with just plain text files in OSX, so when they are opened in an editor the background color changes or some other thign, so when using exposé it is clear to me which window belongs to what language. I thought about inserting some kind of info to the last line of each document, and then creat some applescript that converts it to RTF or someother text document which includes color in bacjground, so then it is opened with textmate or someother app. Do you know a better approach for this? Thanks

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• Please recommend good books for telemetry / SCADA system design & programming

  - by Mawg

  I am looking at several projects, all with roughly the same fucntionality. Some instruments collect some data (or control some functionality). They commmunicate by Internet (Etehrnet/wifi/GPRS/sasatellite) with a databse server which stores the measurements and provides a browser based means of qeurying the data, prodcuing reports, etc (and possibly also allows control of the remote equipment). Can anyone recommend a good book describing an approach to developing such a software architecture, keeping it generic, which tools, languages. test methods, etc to use? (note to self: ask a similar question about possible existing frameworks)

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• Programming Exercises for Learning Purposes?

  - by cam

  Are there any programming exercises that apply to any language? Before I got my first job, I thought I knew C# pretty well, then I was thrown right into the deep end, and now I know I have a good command over the language. I would like to apply the same method to other languages, but unfortunately, I'm sort of stuck with C# at work. Ideally, something similar (but broader in scope) to Project Euler is ideal. Project Euler helped me learn a ton of C++/F#, some math, algorithms, handling bignums, etc. I'm looking for something like this.

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• Textmate quick one

  - by Pickledegg

  I know its not strictly programming related, but the textmate mailing list is too 1990 for me to use properly. I won't make a habit of this: Anyone seen this popup before, it happens everytime I boot my mac. If so how do I kill it? Thanks.

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• Keyboard for programming

  - by exhuma

  This may seem a bit a tangential topic. It's not directly related to actual code, but is important for our line of work nevertheless. Over the years, I've switched keyboards a few times. All of them had slightly different key layouts. And I'm not talking about the language/locale layout, but the physical layout! Why not the locale layout? Well, quite frankly, that's easy to change via software. I personally have a German keyboard but have it set to the UK layout. Why? It's quite hard to find different layouts in the shops where I live. Even ordering is not always easy in the shops. So that leaves me with Internet shops. But I prefer to "test" my keyboards before buying. The most notable changes are: Mangled "Home Key Block" I've seen this first on a Logitech keyboard, but it may have originated elsewhere. Shape of the "Enter" key I've seen three different cases so far: Two lines high, wider at the top Two lines high, wider at the bottom One line high Shape of the Backspace button I've seen two types so far: One "character" wide Two "characters" wide OS Keys For Macs, you have the Option and Command buttons, for Windows you have the Windows and Context Menu buttons. Cherry even produced a Linux keyboard once (unfortunately I cannot find many details except news results). I assume a dedicated Linux keyboard would sport a Compose key and had the SysRq always labelled as well (note that some standard layouts do this already). Obviously... .. all these differences entail that some keys have to be moved around the board a lot. Which means, if you are used to one and have to work on another one, you happen to hit the wrong keys quite often. As it happens, this is much more annoying for programmers as it is for people who write texts. Mainly because the keys which are moved around are special character keys, often used in programming. Often these hardware layouts depend also indirectly on where you buy the keyboards. Honestly, I haven't seen a keyboard with a one-line "Enter" key in Germany, nor Luxembourg. I may just have missed it but that's how it looks to me at least. A survey I've seen some attempts at surveys in the style "which keyboard is best for programming". But they all - in my opinion - are not using comparable sets. So I was wondering if it was possible to concoct a survey taking the above criteria into account. But ignoring key dimensions that one would be a bit overkill I guess ;) From what I can see there are the following types of physical layout: Backspace: 2-characters wide Enter: 2-Lines, wider top Backspace: 2-characters wide Enter: 1-Line Backspace: 1-character wide Enter: 2-Lines, wider bottom Then there are the other possible permutations (home-key block, os-keys), which in total makes for quite a large list of categories. Now, I wonder... Would anyone be interested in such a survey? I personally would. Because I am looking for the perfect fit for me. If yes, then I could really use the help of anyone here to propose some models to include in the survey. Once I have some models for each category (I'd say at least 3 per category) I could go ahead and write up a survey, put it on-line and let the it collect data for a while. What do you think?

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• Are there any downsides in using C++ for network daemons?

  - by badcat

  Hey guys! I've been writing a number of network daemons in different languages over the past years, and now I'm about to start a new project which requires a new custom implementation of a properitary network protocol. The said protocol is pretty simple - some basic JSON formatted messages which are transmitted in some basic frame wrapping to have clients know that a message arrived completely and is ready to be parsed. The daemon will need to handle a number of connections (about 200 at the same time) and do some management of them and pass messages along, like in a chat room. In the past I've been using mostly C++ to write my daemons. Often with the Qt4 framework (the network parts, not the GUI parts!), because that's what I also used for the rest of the projects and it was simple to do and very portable. This usually worked just fine, and I didn't have much trouble. Being a Linux administrator for a good while now, I noticed that most of the network daemons in the wild are written in plain C (of course some are written in other languages, too, but I get the feeling that 80% of the daemons are written in plain C). Now I wonder why that is. Is this due to a pure historic UNIX background (like KISS) or for plain portability or reduction of bloat? What are the reasons to not use C++ or any "higher level" languages for things like daemons? Thanks in advance! Update 1: For me using C++ usually is more convenient because of the fact that I have objects which have getter and setter methods and such. Plain C's "context" objects can be a real pain at some point - especially when you are used to object oriented programming. Yes, I'm aware that C++ is a superset of C, and that C code is basically C++. But that's not the point. ;)

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• F# Objects &ndash; Integrating with the other .Net Languages &ndash; Part 1

  - by MarkPearl

  In the next few blog posts I am going to explore objects in F#. Up to now, my dabbling in F# has really been a few liners and while I haven’t reached the point where F# is my language of preference – I am already seeing the benefits of the language when solving certain types of programming problems. For me I believe that the F# language will be used in a silo like architecture and that the real benefit of having F# under your belt is so that you can solve problems that F# lends itself towards and then interact with other .Net languages in doing the rest. When I was still very new to the F# language I did the following post covering how to get F# & C# to talk to each other. Today I am going to use a similar approach to demonstrate the structure of F# objects when inter-operating with other languages. Lets start with an empty F# class … type Person() = class end   Very simple, and all we really have done is declared an object that has nothing in it. We could if we wanted to make an object that takes a constructor with parameters… the code for this would look something like this… type Person =     {         Firstname : string         Lastname : string     }   What’s interesting about this syntax is when you try and interop with this object from another .Net language like C# - you would see the following…   Not only has a constructor been created that accepts two parameters, but Firstname and Lastname are also exposed on the object. Now it’s important to keep in mind that value holders in F# are immutable by default, so you would not be able to change the value of Firstname after the construction of the object – in C# terms it has been set to readonly. One could however explicitly state that the value holders were mutable, which would then allow you to change the values after the actual creation of the object. type Person = { mutable Firstname : string mutable Lastname : string }   Something that bugged me for a while was what if I wanted to have an F# object that requires values in its constructor, but does not expose them as part of the object. After bashing my head for a few moments I came up with the following syntax – which achieves this result. type Person(Firstname : string, Lastname : string) = member v.Fullname = Firstname + " " + Lastname What I haven’t figured out yet is what is the difference between the () & {} brackets when declaring an object.

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• Why do some languages recommend using spaces rather than tabs?

  - by TK Kocheran

  Maybe I'm alone in this, but few things annoy me like people indenting using spaces rather than tabs. How is typing SpaceSpaceSpaceSpace easier and more intuitive than typing Tab? Sure, tab width is variable, but it's much more indicative of indentation space than spaces. The same thing goes for backspacing; backspace once or four times? Why do languages like Python recommend using spaces over tabs?

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• Why don't languages include implication as a logical operator?

  - by Maciej Piechotka

  It might be a strange question, but why there is no implication as a logical operator in many languages (Java, C, C++, Python Haskell - although as last one have user defined operators its trivial to add it)? I find logical implication much clearer to write (particularly in asserts or assert-like expressions) then negation with or: encrypt(buf, key, mode, iv = null) { assert (mode != ECB --> iv != null); assert (mode == ECB || iv != null); assert (implies(mode != ECB, iv != null)); // User-defined function }

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• Is It More Efficient To Make Games In Languages I Like?

  - by Dsfsdfsdfsdfsd Fsdf

  Is it more "efficiant" to develop games with languages your good with and like best rather then the "best" language? A example is like I like C# (It's My First Language) and I'm really good at it and used to how it works, I'm not as good with C++ but I'm kinda slow at it because I don't prefer how you systems work like I think int a[] is not as good as int[] a. Would it be better to go with what I know best or what's the "best" available? Thanks For Reading!

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• C++ : C++ Primer (Stanley Lipmann) or The C++ programming language (special edition)

  - by Kim

  I have a Computer Science degree (long2 time ago) .. I do know Java OOP but i am now trying to pick up C++. I do have C and of course data structure using C or pascal. I have started reading Bjarne Stroustrup book (The C++ Programming Language - Special Edition) but find it extremely difficult esp. some section which i don't have exposure such as Recursive Descent Parser (chapter 6). In terms of the language i don't foresee i have problem but i have problem as mentioned cos' those topic are usually covered in a Master Degree program such as construction of compiler. I just bought a book called C++ primer (Stanley Lipmann) which i heard it is a very good book for C++. Only setback is it's of course no match with the amount of information from the original C++ creator. Please advice. Thanks.

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• Simple OCR programming tutorials/articles

  - by daddz

  I'm interested in simple OCR methods and algorithms. And with simple I mean simple! Best would be a tutorial/article/documentation without dependencies on 3rd party librarys if that's even possible. I would really like to build up my knowledge from the ground up. The programming language doesn't matter. Thanks in advance! Edit: An interesting link I found in another question: OCR and Neural Nets in JavaScript I especially like the python implemenation.

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• libevent, windows and .NET programming

  - by Chris

  I experiment with a lot of open source software and I've noticed a fair amount of server type applications in the open source world use libevent to facilitate event-based processing rather than spawn multiple threads to handle requests. I also do a lot of .NET programming (it's my core job function), and I'm interested in learning how libevent relates to the .NET event model. Are events in .NET the equivalent of libevent for C programs? Should I try to learn libevent and attempt to use it in custom .NET server applications or is using the standard .NET event model basically the same thing?

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• Is Objective C fast enough for DSP/audio programming

  - by morgancodes

  I've been making some progress with audio programming for iPhone. Now I'm doing some performance tuning, trying to see if I can squeeze more out of this little machine. Running Shark, I see that a significant part of my cpu power (16%) is getting eaten up by objc_msgSend. I understand I can speed this up somewhat by storing pointers to functions (IMP) rather than calling them using [object message] notation. But if I'm going to go through all this trouble, I wonder if I might just be better off using C++. Any thoughts on this?

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• [Homework] Online programming editor

  - by VDVLeon

  Hi, For a school project i need to write or use a online programming editor. It is a part of a bigger project. I thought of a java application, php/html/javascript or flash. I have a couple of things i could do: Find a good working application and edit it so it works with the rest of the project Find good parts for a editor and make it working my self (syntax highlighter, auto-indent, autocompletion, etc.) Combination of those two Does anybody know a good editor or have tips for this project or a editor? Thanks for reading, Leon

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