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• Tidbits of goodness - Podcasts, REST, JSON

  - by jeff.x.davies

  I've been quiet for a while, busy with a variety of projects. I did want to let you all know about a couple of things going on. First, I have been participating in architectural podcasts with Bob Rhubart. If you are interested in hearing these short (about 10 minutes each) recordings where a group of us discuss enterprise architecture and its future, check out http://blogs.oracle.com/archbeat/2010/05/podcast_show_notes_evolving_en.html Next, I have been working on the public sample code for the Oracle Service Bus 11g release. I'm now expanding my samples to include SCA, BPEL and the Oracle Adapters. This is really great experience for me because I have been learning these other tools to a deeper level and this provides insight into developing better solutions. You know the old saying, "If the only tool you have is a hammer, you tend to appraoch every problem as if it were a nail." However, I'm not the only one working on these samples. We have alot of our best and brightest working on sample code for the 11g release. Take a look at https://soasamples.samplecode.oracle.com/ to see all of the samples for SOA Suite 11g A reader wrote to me and asked me about using OSB to return information in JSON format. I don't have a sample posted for this yet, but I am working on getting one packaged up. In the mean time I can tell you that it is dead simple to do in OSB. Use the instructions I gave in an earlier blog entry on creating REST services using OSB, specify Messaging Service as the service type that takes a Text message and returns a Text message. Then have the OSB proxy service return a JSON formatted string (by replacing the contents of the $body variable with the JSON text) and you're done! This approach allows you to use OSB services from within Javascript/AJAX seamlessly. As I get more samples posted to the OTN site, I'll let you know. I have lots of interesting stuff on the way.

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• An adequate message authentication code for REST

  - by Andras Zoltan

  My REST service currently uses SCRAM authentication to issue tokens for callers and users. We have the ability to revoke caller privileges and ban IPs, as well as impose quotas to any type of request. One thing that I haven't implemented, however, is MAC for requests. As I've thought about it more, for some requests I think this is needed, because otherwise tokens can be stolen and before we identify this and deactivate the associated caller account, some damage could be done to our user accounts. In many systems the MAC is generated from the body or query string of the request, however this is difficult to implement as I'm using the ASP.Net Web API and don't want to read the body twice. Equally importantly I want to keep it simple for callers to access the service. So what I'm thinking is to have a MAC calculated on: the url, possibly minus query string the verb the request ip (potentially is a barrier on some mobile devices though) utc date and time when the client issues the request. For the last one I would have the client send that string in a request header, of course - and I can use it to decide whether the request is 'fresh' enough. My thinking is that whilst this doesn't prevent message body tampering it does prevent using a model request to use as a template for different requests later on by a malicious third party. I believe only the most aggressive man in the middle attack would be able to subvert this, and I don't think our services offer any information or ability that is valuable enough to warrant that. The services will use SSL as well, for sensitive stuff. And if I do this, then I'll be using HMAC-SHA-256 and issuing private keys for HMAC appropriately. Does this sound enough? Have I missed anything? I don't think I'm a beginner when it comes to security, but when working on it I always. am shrouded in doubt, so I appreciate having this community to call upon!

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• Suggested HTTP REST status code for 'request limit reached'

  - by Andras Zoltan

  I'm putting together a spec for a REST service, part of which will incorporate the ability to throttle users service-wide and on groups of, or on individual, resources. Equally, time-outs for these would be configurable per resource/group/service. I'm just looking through the HTTP 1.1 spec and trying to decide how I will communicate to a client that a request will not be fulfilled because they've reached their limit. Initially I figured that client code 403 - Forbidden was the one, but this, from the spec: Authorization will not help and the request SHOULD NOT be repeated bothered me. It actually appears that 503 - Service Unavailable is a better one to use - since it allows for the communication of a retry time through the use of the Retry-After header. It's possible that in the future I might look to support 'purchasing' more requests via eCommerce (in which case it would be nice if client code 402 - Payment Required had been finalized!) - but I figure that this could equally be squeezed into a 503 response too. Which do you think I should use? Or is there another I've not considered?

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• Allowing client to select data to return via REST interface

  - by CMP

  I have a rest service that is essentially a proxy to a variety of other services. So if I call GET /users/{id} It will get their user profile, as well as order history, and contact info, etc... all from various services, and aggregates them into one nice object. My problem is that each call to a different service has the potential to add time to the original request, so we would rather not get ALL the data ALL of the time if a particular client does not care about all of the pieces. A solution I have arrived at is to do something like this: GET /users/{id}?includeOrders=true&includeX=true&includeY=true... That works, and it allow me to do only what I need to, but it is cumbersome. We have added enough different data sources that there are too many parameters for that style to be useful. I could do something similar with a single integer and a bitmask or something, but that only makes it harder to read, and it does not feel very Restful. I could break it down into multiple calls so they would need to call /users/{id}/orders and /users/{id}/profile separately, but that sort of defeats the purpose of an aggregating proxy, who's purpose is to make clients jobs easier. Are there any good patterns that can help me return just enough data for each client, without making it too difficult for them to filter and select what they want?

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• Difference between django-openid and django-openid-auth ?

  - by Stefano Borini

  I found two python libs to perform openid authentication with django: django-openid and django-openid-auth. I don't get the difference between the two, mostly (I think) because I have no experience with the django authentication mechanisms.

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• can rest framework like jersey be used in clojure instead of compojure

  - by foop1

  Hi , iam newbie to clojure, just curious as to can i use jersey REST api as REST webframework for clojure? all along i see people talking about compojure? if you can provide me any resource or reasoning that would be great Thank you

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• Disabling email-style usernames in Django 1.2 with django-registration

  - by shacker

  Django 1.2 allows usernames to take the form of an email address. Changed in Django 1.2: Usernames may now contain @, +, . and - characters I know that's a much-requested feature, but what if you don't want the new behavior? It makes for messy usernames in profile URLs and seems to break django-registration (if a user registers an account with an email-style username, the link in the django-registration activation email returns 404). Does anyone have a recipe for restoring the old behavior and disabling email-style usernames?

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• getting internal server error using rest-client in ruby to post to HTTP POST

  - by Angela

  Hi, this is my code and I don't know how to debug it because I just get an "internal server error": I am trying to HTTP POST to an external ASPX: def upload uri = 'https://api.postalmethods.com/2009-02-26/PostalWS.asmx' #postalmethods URI #https://api.postalmethods.com/2009-02-26/PostalWS.asmx?op=UploadFile #http://www.postalmethods.com/method/2009-02-26/UploadFile @postalcard = Postalcard.find(:last) #Username=string&Password=string&MyFileName=string&FileBinaryData=string&FileBinaryData=string&Permissions=string&Description=string&Overwrite=string filename = @postalcard.postalimage.original_filename filebinarydata = File.open("#{@postalcard.postalimage.path}",'rb') body = "Username=me&Password=sekret&MyFileName=#{filename}&FileBinaryData=#{filebinarydata}" @response = RestClient.post(uri, body, #body as string {"Content-Type" => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', "Content-Length" => @postalcard.postalimage.size} # end headers ) #close arguments to Restclient.post end

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• What is the Oracle Utilities Application Framework?

  - by Anthony Shorten

  The Oracle Utilities Application Framework is a reusable, scalable and flexible java based framework which allows other products to be built, configured and implemented in a standard way. Note: Even though the Framework is built in java it can be integrated with COBOL based extensions for backward compatibility. When Oracle Utilities Customer Care & Billing was migrated from V1 to V2, it was decided that the technical aspects of that product be separated to allow for reuse and independence from technical issues. The idea was that all the technical aspects would be concentrated in this separate product (i.e. a framework) and allow all products using the framework to concentrate on delivering superior functionality. The product was named the Oracle Utilities Application Framework (oufw is the product code). The technical components are contained in the Oracle Utilities Application Framework which can be summarized as follows: Metadata - The Oracle Utilities Application Framework is responsible for defining and using the metadata to define the runtime behavior of the product. All the metadata definition and management is contained within the Oracle Utilities Application Framework. UI Management - The Oracle Utilities Application Framework is responsible for defining and rendering the pages and responsible for ensuring the pages are in the appropriate format for the locale. Integration - The Oracle Utilities Application Framework is responsible for providing the integration points to the architecture. Refer to the Oracle Utilities Application Framework Integration Overview for more details Tools - The Oracle Utilities Application Framework provides a common set of facilities and tools that can be used across all products. Technology - The Oracle Utilities Application Framework is responsible for all technology standards compliance, platform support and integration. There are a number of products from the Tax and Utilities Global Business Unit as well as from the Financial Services Global Business Unit that are built upon the Oracle Utilities Application Framework. These products require the Oracle Utilities Application Framework to be installed first and then the product itself installed onto the framework to complete the installation process. There are a number of key benefits that the Oracle Utilities Application Framework provides to these products: Common facilities - The Oracle Utilities Application Framework provides a standard set of technical facilities that mean that products can concentrate in the unique aspects of their markets rather than making technical decisions. Common methods of configuration - The Oracle Utilities Application Framework standardizes the technical configuration process for a product. Customers can effectively reuse the configuration process across products. Multi-lingual and Multi-platform - The Oracle Utilities Application Framework allows the products to be offered in more markets and across multiple platforms for maximized flexibility. Common methods of implementation - The Oracle Utilities Application Framework standardizes the technical aspects of a product implementation. Customers can effectively reuse the technical implementation process across products. Quicker adoption of new technologies - As new technologies and standards are identified as being important for the product line, they can be integrated centrally benefiting multiple products. Cross product reuse - As enhancements to the Oracle Utilities Application Framework are identified by a particular product, all products can potentially benefit from the enhancement. Note: Use of the Oracle Utilities Application Framework does not preclude the introduction of product specific technologies or facilities to satisfy market needs. The framework minimizes the need and assists in the quick integration of a new product specific piece of technology (if necessary). The Framework is not available as a product itself and is bundled with Tax and Utilities Global Business Unit prodicts. At the present time the following products are on the Framework: Oracle Utilities Customer Care And Billing (V2 and above) Oracle Enterprise Taxation Management (V2 and above) Oracle Utilities Business Intelligence (V2 and above) Oracle Utilities Mobile Workforice Management (V2 and above)

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• Does Django cache url regex patterns somehow?

  - by Emre Sevinç

  I'm a Django newbie who needs help: Even though I change some urls in my urls.py I keep on getting the same error message from Django. Here is the relevant line from my settings.py: ROOT_URLCONF = 'mydjango.urls' Here is my urls.py: from django.conf.urls.defaults import * # Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin: from django.contrib import admin admin.autodiscover() urlpatterns = patterns('', # Example: # (r'^mydjango/', include('mydjango.foo.urls')), # Uncomment the admin/doc line below and add 'django.contrib.admindocs' # to INSTALLED_APPS to enable admin documentation: #(r'^admin/doc/', include(django.contrib.admindocs.urls)), # (r'^polls/', include('mydjango.polls.urls')), (r'^$', 'mydjango.polls.views.homepage'), (r'^polls/$', 'mydjango.polls.views.index'), (r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$', 'mydjango.polls.views.detail'), (r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/results/$', 'mydjango.polls.views.results'), (r'^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/vote/$', 'mydjango.polls.views.vote'), (r'^polls/randomTest1/', 'mydjango.polls.views.randomTest1'), (r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)), ) So I expect that whenever I visit http://mydjango.yafz.org/polls/randomTest1/ the mydjango.polls.views.randomTest1 function should run because in my polls/views.py I have the relevant function: def randomTest1(request): # mainText = request.POST['mainText'] return HttpResponse("Default random test") However I keep on getting the following error message: Page not found (404) Request Method: GET Request URL: http://mydjango.yafz.org/polls/randomTest1 Using the URLconf defined in mydjango.urls, Django tried these URL patterns, in this order: 1. ^$ 2. ^polls/$ 3. ^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$ 4. ^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/results/$ 5. ^polls/(?P<poll_id>\d+)/vote/$ 6. ^admin/ 7. ^polls/randomTest/$ The current URL, polls/randomTest1, didn't match any of these. I'm surprised because again and again I check urls.py and there is no ^polls/randomTest/$ in it, but there is ^polls/randomTest1/' It seems like Django is somehow storing the previous contents of urls.py and I just don't know how to make my latest changes effective. Any ideas? Why do I keep on seeing some old version of regexes when I try to load that page even though I changed my urls.py?

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• force delete row on django app after migration

  - by unsorted

  After a migration with south, I ended up deleting a column. Now the current data in one of my tables is screwed up and I want to delete it, but attempts to delete just result in an error: >>> d = Degree.objects.all() >>> d.delete() Traceback (most recent call last): File "<console>", line 1, in <module> File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 440, in d elete for i, obj in izip(xrange(CHUNK_SIZE), del_itr): File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 106, in _ result_iter self._fill_cache() File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 760, in _ fill_cache self._result_cache.append(self._iter.next()) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 269, in i terator for row in compiler.results_iter(): File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\compiler.py", line 67 2, in results_iter for rows in self.execute_sql(MULTI): File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\compiler.py", line 72 7, in execute_sql cursor.execute(sql, params) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\util.py", line 15, in e xecute return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\sqlite3\base.py", line 200, in execute return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params) DatabaseError: no such column: students_degree.abbrev >>> Is there a simple way to just force a delete? Do I drop the table and then rerun manage.py schemamigration to recreate the table in south?

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• 2-step user registration with Django

  - by David S

  I'm creating a website with Django and want a fairly common 2-step user registration. What I mean by this is that the user fills in the some basic user information + some application specific information (sort of like a coupon value). Upon submit, an email is sent to ensure email address is valid. This email should contain a link to click on to "finish" the registration. When the link is clicked, the user is marked as validated and they are directed to a new page to complete optional "user profile" type information. So, pretty basic stuff. I have done some research and found django-registration by James Bennett. I do know who James is and have seen him at PyCons and DjanoCons in the past. There is obviously very few people in the world that know Django better than James (so, I know the quality of the code/app is good). But, it almost seems like a bit of over kill. I've read through the docs and was a bit confused (maybe I'm just being a bit dense today). I believe that if I do use django-registration, I will need to have some custom forms, etc. Is there anything else out there I should evaluate? Or are there any good tutorials or videos on using django-registration? I've done a bit of googling, but haven't found anything. But, I suspect that it might be a case of a lot of very common words that don't really find what you are looking for (django user registration tutorial/example). Or is just a case where it would be just about as easy to build your own solution with Django forms, etc? Here is the tech stack I'm using: Python 2.7.2 Django 1.3.1 PostgreSQL 9.1 psycopg2 2.4.1 Twitter Bootstrap 2.0.2

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• error in implementing static files in django

  - by POOJA GUPTA

  my settings.py file:- STATIC_ROOT = '/home/pooja/Desktop/static/' # URL prefix for static files. STATIC_URL = '/static/' # Additional locations of static files STATICFILES_DIRS = ( '/home/pooja/Desktop/mysite/search/static', ) my urls.py file:- from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns from django.contrib import admin admin.autodiscover() urlpatterns = patterns('', url(r'^search/$','search.views.front_page'), url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)), ) urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns() I have created an app using django which seraches the keywords in 10 xml documents and then return their frequency count displayed as graphical representation and list of filenames and their respective counts.Now the list has filenames hyperlinked, I want to display them on the django server when user clicks them , for that I have used static files provision in django. Hyperlinking has been done in this manner: <ul> {% for l in list1 %} <li><a href="{{STATIC_URL}}static/{{l.file_name}}">{{l.file_name}}</a{{l.frequency_count</li> {% endfor %} </ul> Now when I run my app on the server, everything is running fine but as soon as I click on the filename, it gives me this error : Using the URLconf defined in mysite.urls, Django tried these URL patterns, in this order: ^search/$ ^admin/ ^static\/(?P<path>.*)$ The current URL, search/static/books.xml, didn't match any of these. I don't know why this error is coming, because I have followed the steps required to achieve this. I have posted my urls.py file and it is showing error in that only. I'm new to django , so Please help

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• Which Python Framework and CMS coming from PHP - Codeigniter+ExpresionEngine?

  - by Joshua Fricke

  We are currently developing most of our applications in PHP using CodeIgniter (CI) and ExpressionEngine (EE) and are looking to try our hands at Python. So we are looking for a Framework and ideally a CMS that work well together like the CI+EE combo does. Have done a bit of research, it looks like these are some good suggestions (though we are not limiting to these): Frameworks - http://wiki.python.org/moin/WebFrameworks Django Web2py CMS - http://wiki.python.org/moin/ContentManagementSystems Below picked because they are developed with a Framework (my only frame of reference using CI+EE) Merengue Mezzanine Django CMS Input would be great in helping us decide.

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• Doubts about several best practices for rest api + service layer

  - by TheBeefMightBeTough

  I'm going to be starting a project soon that exposes a restful api for business intelligence. It may not be limited to a restful api, so I plan to delegate requests to a service layer that then coordinates multiple domain objects (each of which have business logic local to the object). The api will likely have many calls as it is a long-term project. While thinking about the design, I recalled a few best practices. 1) Use command objects at the controller layer (I'm using Spring MVC). 2) Use DTOs at the service layer. 3) Validate in both the controller and service layer, though for different reasons. I have my doubts about these recommendations. 1) Using command objects adds a lot of extra single-purpose classes (potentially one per request). What exactly is the benefit? Annotation based validation can be done using this approach, sure. What if I have two requests that take the same parameters, but have different validation requirements? I would have to have two different classes with exactly the same members but different annotations? Bleh. 2) I have heard that using DTOs is preferable to parameters because it makes for more maintainable code down the road (say, e.g., requirements change and the service parameters need to be altered). I don't quite understand this. Shouldn't an api be more-or-less set in stone? I would understand that in the early phases of a project (or, especially, an entire company) the domain itself will not be well understood, and thus core domain objects may change along with the apis that manipulate these objects. At this point however the number of api methods should be small and their dependents few, so changes to the methods could easily be tolerated from a maintainability standpoint. In a large api with many methods and a substantial domain model, I would think having a DTO for potentially each domain object would become unwieldy. Am I misunderstanding something here? 3) I see validation in the controller and service layer as redundant in most cases. Why would I validate that parameters are not null and are in general well formed in the controller if the service is going to do exactly the same (and more). Couldn't I just do all the validation in the service and throw a runtime exception with a list of bad parameters then catch that in the controller to make the error messages more presentable? Better yet, couldn't I just make the error messages user-friendly in the service and let the exception trickle up to a global handler (ControllerAdvice in spring, for example)? Is there something wrong with either of these approaches? (I do see a use case for controller validation if the input does not map one-to-one with the service input, but since the controllers are for a rest api and not forms, the api parameters will probably map directly to service parameters.) I do also have a question about unchecked vs checked exceptions. Namely, I'm not really sure why I'd ever want to use a checked exception. Every time I have seen them used they just get wrapped into general exceptions (DomainException, SystemException, ApplicationException, w/e) to reduce the signature length of methods, or devs catch Exception rather than dealing with the App1Exception, App2Exception, Sys1Exception, Sys2Exception. I don't see how either of these practices is very useful. Why not just use unchecked exceptions always and catch the ones you actually do care about? You could just document what unchecked exceptions the method throws.

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• How to make a model instance read-only after saving it once?

  - by Ryszard Szopa

  One of the functionalities in a Django project I am writing is sending a newsletter. I have a model, Newsletter and a function, send_newsletter, which I have registered to listen to Newsletter's post_save signal. When the newsletter object is saved via the admin interface, send_newsletter checks if created is True, and if yes it actually sends the mail. However, it doesn't make much sense to edit a newsletter that has already been sent, for the obvious reasons. Is there a way of making the Newsletter object read-only once it has been saved? Edit: I know I can override the save method of the object to raise an error or do nothin if the object existed. However, I don't see the point of doing that. As for the former, I don't know where to catch that error and how to communicate the user the fact that the object wasn't saved. As for the latter, giving the user false feedback (the admin interface saying that the save succeded) doesn't seem like a Good Thing. What I really want is allow the user to use the Admin interface to write the newsletter and send it, and then browse the newsletters that have already been sent. I would like the admin interface to show the data for sent newsletters in an non-editable input box, without the "Save" button. Alternatively I would like the "Save" button to be inactive.

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• django internationalization doesn't work

  - by xRobot

  I have: * created translation strings in the template and in the application view. * run this command: django-admin.py makemessages -l it and the file it/LC_MESSAGES/django.po has been created * translated strings in the django.po file. * run this command: django-admin.py compilemessages and I receive: processing file django.po in /home/jobber/Desktop/library/books/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES * set this in settings.py: LANGUAGE_CODE = 'it' TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = ( "django.core.context_processors.auth", "django.core.context_processors.debug", "django.core.context_processors.i18n", "django.core.context_processors.media", ) USE_I18N = True MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = ( 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', ) but.... translation doesn't work !! I always see english text. Why ?

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• Qooxdoo REST JSON request problem - unexpected token and then timeout

  - by freiksenet

  Hello! I am learning Qooxdoo framework and I am trying to make it work with a small Django web service. Django webservice just returns JSON data like this: { "name": "Football", "description": "The most popular sport." } Then I use the following code to query that url: var req = new qx.io.remote.Request(url, "GET", "application/json"); req.toggleCrossDomain(); req.addListener("completed", function(e) { alert(e.getContent()); }); req.send(); Unfortunately when I execute the code I get unexpected token error and then request timeouts. Uncaught SyntaxError: Unexpected token : Native.js:91013011 qx.io.remote.RequestQueue[246]: Timeout: transport 248 Native.js:91013011 qx.io.remote.RequestQueue[246]: 5036ms > 5000ms Native.js:91013013 qx.io.remote.Exchange[248]: Timeout: implementation 249 JSLint reports that this is a valid JSON, so I wonder why Qooxdoo doesn't parse it correctly.

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• Which web framework to use under Backbonejs?

  - by egidra

  For a previous project, I was using Backbonejs alongside Django, but I found out that I didn't use many features from Django. So, I am looking for a lighter framework to use underneath a Backbonejs web app. I never used Django built in templates. When I did, it was to set up the initial index page, but that's all. I did use the user management system that Django provided. I used the models.py, but never views.py. I used urls.py to set up which template the user would hit upon visiting the site. I noticed that the two features that I used most from Django was South and Tastypie, and they aren't even included with Django. Particularly, django-tastypie made it easy for me to link up my frontend models to my backend models. It made it easy to JSONify my front end models and send them to Tastypie. Although, I found myself overriding a lot of tastypie's methods for GET, PUT, POST requests, so it became useless. South made it easy to migrate new changes to the database. Although, I had so much trouble with South. Is there a framework with an easier way of handling database modifications than using South? When using South with multiple people, we had the worse time keeping our databases synced. When someone added a new table and pushed their migration to git, the other two people would spend days trying to use South's automatic migration, but it never worked. I liked how Rails had a manual way of migrating databases. Even though I used Tastypie and South a lot, I found myself not actually liking them because I ended up overriding most Tastypie methods for each Resource, and I also had the worst trouble migrating new tables and columns with South. So, I would like a framework that makes that process easier. Part of my problem was that they are too "magical". Which framework should I use? Nodejs or a lighter Python framework? Which works best with my above criteria?

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• Programmatically specifying Django model attributes

  - by mojbro

  Hi! I would like to add attributes to a Django models programmatically, at run time. For instance, lets say I have a Car model class and want to add one price attribute (database column) per currency, given a list of currencies. What is the best way to do this? I had an approach that I thought would work, but it didn't exactly. This is how I tried doing it, using the car example above: from django.db import models class Car(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) currencies = ['EUR', 'USD'] for currency in currencies: Car.add_to_class('price_%s' % currency.lower(), models.IntegerField()) This does seem to work pretty well at first sight: $ ./manage.py syncdb Creating table shop_car $ ./manage.py dbshell shop=# \d shop_car Table "public.shop_car" Column | Type | Modifiers -----------+-----------------------+------------------------------------------------------- id | integer | not null default nextval('shop_car_id_seq'::regclass) name | character varying(50) | not null price_eur | integer | not null price_usd | integer | not null Indexes: "shop_car_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id) But when I try to create a new Car, it doesn't really work anymore: >>> from shop.models import Car >>> mycar = Car(name='VW Jetta', price_eur=100, price_usd=130) >>> mycar <Car: Car object> >>> mycar.save() Traceback (most recent call last): File "<console>", line 1, in <module> File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 410, in save self.save_base(force_insert=force_insert, force_update=force_update) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 495, in save_base result = manager._insert(values, return_id=update_pk) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 177, in _insert return insert_query(self.model, values, **kwargs) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1087, in insert_query return query.execute_sql(return_id) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/subqueries.py", line 320, in execute_sql cursor = super(InsertQuery, self).execute_sql(None) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 2369, in execute_sql cursor.execute(sql, params) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/lib/python2.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py", line 19, in execute return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) ProgrammingError: column "price_eur" specified more than once LINE 1: ...NTO "shop_car" ("name", "price_eur", "price_usd", "price_eur... ^

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• Django: CharField with fixed length, how?

  - by Giovanni Di Milia

  Hi everybody, I wold like to have in my model a CharField with fixed length. In other words I want that only a specified length is valid. I tried to do something like volumenumber = models.CharField('Volume Number', max_length=4, min_length=4) but it gives me an error (it seems that I can use both max_length and min_length at the same time). Is there another quick way? Thanks EDIT: Following the suggestions of some people I will be a bit more specific: My model is this: class Volume(models.Model): vid = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) jid = models.ForeignKey(Journals, db_column='jid', null=True, verbose_name = "Journal") volumenumber = models.CharField('Volume Number') date_publication = models.CharField('Date of Publication', max_length=6, blank=True) class Meta: db_table = u'volume' verbose_name = "Volume" ordering = ['jid', 'volumenumber'] unique_together = ('jid', 'volumenumber') def __unicode__(self): return (str(self.jid) + ' - ' + str(self.volumenumber)) What I want is that the volumenumber must be exactly 4 characters. I.E. if someone insert '4b' django gives an error because it expects a string of 4 characters. So I tried with volumenumber = models.CharField('Volume Number', max_length=4, min_length=4) but it gives me this error: Validating models... Unhandled exception in thread started by <function inner_run at 0x70feb0> Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 48, in inner_run self.validate(display_num_errors=True) File "/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 249, in validate num_errors = get_validation_errors(s, app) File "/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/django/core/management/validation.py", line 28, in get_validation_errors for (app_name, error) in get_app_errors().items(): File "/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/django/db/models/loading.py", line 131, in get_app_errors self._populate() File "/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/django/db/models/loading.py", line 58, in _populate self.load_app(app_name, True) File "/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/django/db/models/loading.py", line 74, in load_app models = import_module('.models', app_name) File "/Library/Python/2.5/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module __import__(name) File "/Users/Giovanni/src/djangoTestSite/../djangoTestSite/journaldb/models.py", line 120, in <module> class Volume(models.Model): File "/Users/Giovanni/src/djangoTestSite/../djangoTestSite/journaldb/models.py", line 123, in Volume volumenumber = models.CharField('Volume Number', max_length=4, min_length=4) TypeError: __init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'min_length' That obviously doesn't appear if I use only "max_length" OR "min_length". I read the documentation on the django web site and it seems that I'm right (I cannot use both together) so I'm asking if there is another way to solve the problem. Thanks again

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• django-registration with paypal integration

  - by GrumpyCanuck

  I'm trying to figure out how to integrate django-registration with django-paypal. Being a Django n00b, I'm trying to figure out how to implement a flow like this: User signs up using django-registation with 'active' flag set to 0 After registering, send user to PayPal for a subscription When they come back from PayPal successfully, I want to set 'active' to 1 I've been looking at the django-registration documentation and don't quite understand how to use different backends or implement a flow the way I want. Any tips on how to accomplish this would be greatly appreciated. django-paypal won't be a problem for me as I've done PayPal integration before (in PHP for a self-published book about CakePHP).

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• Entity Framework 4.0: Optimal and horrible SQL

  - by DigiMortal

  Lately I had Entity Framework 4.0 session where I introduced new features of Entity Framework. During session I found out with audience how Entity Framework 4.0 can generate optimized SQL. After session I also showed guys one horrible example about how awful SQL can be generated by Entity Framework. In this posting I will cover both examples. Optimal SQL Before going to code take a look at following model. There is class called Event and I will use this class in my query. Here is the LINQ To Entities query that uses small anonymous type. var query = from e in _context.Events             select new { Id = e.Id, Title = e.Title }; Debug.WriteLine(((ObjectQuery)query).ToTraceString()); Running this code gives us the following SQL. SELECT      [Extent1].[event_id] AS [event_id],      [Extent1].[title] AS [title]  FROM [dbo].[events] AS [Extent1] This is really small – no additional fields in SELECT clause. Nice, isn’t it? Horrible SQL Ayende Rahien blog shows us darker side of Entiry Framework 4.0 queries. You can find comparison betwenn NHibernate, LINQ To SQL and LINQ To Entities from posting What happens behind the scenes: NHibernate, Linq to SQL, Entity Framework scenario analysis. In this posting I will show you the resulting query and let you think how much better it can be done. Well, it is not something we want to see running in our servers. I hope that EF team improves generated SQL to acceptable level before Visual Studio 2010 is released. There is also morale of this example: you should always check out the queries that O/R-mapper generates. Behind the curtains it may silently generate queries that perform badly and in this case you need to optimize you data querying strategy. Conclusion Entity Framework 4.0 is new product with a lot of new features and it is clear that not everything is 100% super in its first release. But it still great step forward and I hope that on 12.04.2010 we have new promising O/R-mapper available to use in our projects. If you want to read more about Entity Framework 4.0 and Visual Studio 2010 then please feel free to follow this link to list of my Visual Studio 2010 and .NET Framework 4.0 postings.

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• extending django usermodel

  - by imran-glt

  Hi i am trying to create a signup form for my django app. for this i have extended the user model. This is my Forms.py from contact.models import register from django import forms from django.contrib import auth class registerForm(forms.ModelForm): class Meta: model=register fields = ('latitude', 'longitude', 'status') class Meta: model = auth.models.User # this gives me the User fields fields = ('username', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email') and this is my model.py from django.db import models from django.contrib.auth.models import User STATUS_CHOICES = ( ('Online', 'Online.'), ('Busy', 'Busy.'), ('AppearOffline', 'AppearOffline.'),) class register(models.Model): user = models.ForeignKey('auth.User', unique = True) latitude = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8, decimal_places=6) longitude = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8, decimal_places=6) status = models.CharField(max_length=8,choices=STATUS_CHOICES, blank= True, null=True) i dont know where i am making a mistake. the users passwords are not accepted at the login and the latitude and logitude are not saved against the created user user. i am fiarly new to django and dont know what to do any body have any solution .?

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• django objects.all() method issue

  - by xlione

  after I saved one item using MyModelClass.save() method of django in one view/page , at another view I use MyModelClass.objects.all() to list all items in MyModelClass but the newly added one always is missing at the new page. i am using django 1.1 i am using mysql middleware setting MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = ( 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware', 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware', 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware', 'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware', ) my model: class Company(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=500) description = models.CharField(max_length=500,null=True) addcompany view def addcompany(request): if request.POST: form = AddCompanyForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): companyname = form.cleaned_data['companyname'] c = Company(name=companyname,description='description') c.save() return HttpResponseRedirect('/admins/') else: form = AddCompanyForm() return render_to_response('user/addcompany.html',{'form':form},context_instance=RequestContext(request)) after this page in another view i called this form in another view class CompanyForm(forms.Form): companies=((0,' '),) for o in CcicCompany.objects.all(): x=o.id,o.name companies+=(x,) company = forms.ChoiceField(choices=companies,label='Company Name') to list all companies but the recently added one is missing. The transaction should be successful, since after i do a apache server reboot , i can see the newly added company name Thanks for any help...

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