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• Mac OS X L2TP VPN won't connect

  - by smokris

  I'm running Mac OS X Server 10.6, providing an L2TP VPN service. The VPN works just fine when connecting from all computers except one --- this one computer stays at the "Connecting..." stage for a while, then says "The L2TP-VPN server did not respond". In the console, I see this: 6/7/10 10:48:07 AM pppd[341] pppd 2.4.2 (Apple version 412.0.10) started by jdoe, uid 503 6/7/10 10:48:07 AM pppd[341] L2TP connecting to server 'foo.bar.baz.edu' (256.256.256.256)... 6/7/10 10:48:07 AM pppd[341] IPSec connection started 6/7/10 10:48:07 AM racoon[342] Connecting. 6/7/10 10:48:07 AM racoon[342] IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 1). 6/7/10 10:48:08 AM racoon[342] IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 2). 6/7/10 10:48:08 AM racoon[342] IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 3). 6/7/10 10:48:08 AM racoon[342] IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 4). 6/7/10 10:48:08 AM racoon[342] IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 5). 6/7/10 10:48:11 AM racoon[342] IKE Packet: transmit success. (Phase1 Retransmit). 6/7/10 10:48:14 AM racoon[342] IKE Packet: transmit success. (Phase1 Retransmit). 6/7/10 10:48:17 AM racoon[342] IKE Packet: transmit success. (Phase1 Retransmit). ...and the "retransmit" messages continue until the error message pops up. So far I've unsuccessfully tried: rebooting deleting the VPN profile and recreating it verifying the client's internet connection (it is able to reach the VPN server) connecting through several different networks (in case a router was blocking VPN packets) disabling the Mac OS X Firewall on the client making sure that the VPN settings exactly match those of other working computers running software update (the client is on 10.6.3) Any ideas?

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• How can I reinstall QoS Packet Scheduler if it was removed from the winxp installation by nLite?

  - by Irwin1138

  I have a WinXP SP3 installation modified by nLite. This particular installation was stripped off the QoS Packet Scheduler. I was advised to remove QoS because of the overhead it produces or something like that. Now, I read this lifehacker post about windows maintenance, and it says that on the contrary, by doing so I may have done more harm than good: Disabling QoS in Windows XP: Rumor had it that Microsoft had permanently tied up 20 percent of your net bandwidth for Windows Update. They didn't, and those who disable QoS, or IPv6, in XP actually end up with some pretty harsh connectivity problems. I tend to believe this, and now I seek a way to reinstall QoS. I tried to install it by going to network adapter properties - install - service, but there is no QoS there. I have the original, untouched WinXP SP3 cd. So, is there a way to bring back QoS into my WinXP installation, preferably without reinstalling windows from scratch?

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• l2tp / ipsec debian Openswan U2.6.38 does not connect

  - by locojay

  i am trying to get ipsec/l2tp running on a debian server with an iphone as a client but always get: Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:43598: received Vendor ID payload [RFC 3947] method set to=115 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:43598: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike] meth=114, but already using method 115 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:43598: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-08] meth=113, but already using method 115 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:43598: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-07] meth=112, but already using method 115 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:43598: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-06] meth=111, but already using method 115 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:43598: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-05] meth=110, but already using method 115 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:43598: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-04] meth=109, but already using method 115 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:43598: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-03] meth=108, but already using method 115 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:43598: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-02] meth=107, but already using method 115 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:43598: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-02_n] meth=106, but already using method 115 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:43598: ignoring Vendor ID payload [FRAGMENTATION 80000000] Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:43598: received Vendor ID payload [Dead Peer Detection] Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[4] <clientip> #20: responding to Main Mode from unknown peer <clientip> Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[4] <clientip> #20: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R0 to state STATE_MAIN_R1 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[4] <clientip> #20: STATE_MAIN_R1: sent MR1, expecting MI2 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[4] <clientip> #20: NAT-Traversal: Result using draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike (MacOS X): both are NATed Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[4] <clientip> #20: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R1 to state STATE_MAIN_R2 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[4] <clientip> #20: STATE_MAIN_R2: sent MR2, expecting MI3 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[4] <clientip> #20: ignoring informational payload, type IPSEC_INITIAL_CONTACT msgid=00000000 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[4] <clientip> #20: Main mode peer ID is ID_IPV4_ADDR: '10.2.210.176' Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[4] <clientip> #20: switched from "L2TP-PSK-noNAT" to "L2TP-PSK-noNAT" Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #20: deleting connection "L2TP-PSK-noNAT" instance with peer <clientip> {isakmp=#0/ipsec=#0} Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #20: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R2 to state STATE_MAIN_R3 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #20: new NAT mapping for #20, was <clientip>:43598, now <clientip>:49826 Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #20: STATE_MAIN_R3: sent MR3, ISAKMP SA established {auth=OAKLEY_PRESHARED_KEY cipher=aes_256 prf=oakley_sha group=modp1024} Dec 2 21:00:04 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #20: Dead Peer Detection (RFC 3706): enabled Dec 2 21:00:05 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #20: the peer proposed: <public ip>/32:17/1701 -> 10.2.210.176/32:17/0 Dec 2 21:00:05 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #20: NAT-Traversal: received 2 NAT-OA. using first, ignoring others Dec 2 21:00:05 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #21: responding to Quick Mode proposal {msgid:311d3282} Dec 2 21:00:05 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #21: us: 171.138.2.13<171.138.2.13>:17/1701 Dec 2 21:00:05 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #21: them: <clientip>[10.2.210.176]:17/61719 Dec 2 21:00:05 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #21: transition from state STATE_QUICK_R0 to state STATE_QUICK_R1 Dec 2 21:00:05 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #21: STATE_QUICK_R1: sent QR1, inbound IPsec SA installed, expecting QI2 Dec 2 21:00:05 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #21: Dead Peer Detection (RFC 3706): enabled Dec 2 21:00:05 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #21: transition from state STATE_QUICK_R1 to state STATE_QUICK_R2 Dec 2 21:00:05 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #21: STATE_QUICK_R2: IPsec SA established transport mode {ESP=>0x05e23c9a <0x216077a9 xfrm=AES_256-HMAC_SHA1 NATOA=10.2.210.176 NATD=<clientip>:49826 DPD=enabled} Dec 2 21:00:26 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #20: received Delete SA(0x05e23c9a) payload: deleting IPSEC State #21 Dec 2 21:00:26 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #20: received and ignored informational message Dec 2 21:00:27 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip> #20: received Delete SA payload: deleting ISAKMP State #20 Dec 2 21:00:27 vpn pluto[22711]: "L2TP-PSK-noNAT"[5] <clientip>: deleting connection "L2TP-PSK-noNAT" instance with peer <clientip> {isakmp=#0/ipsec=#0} Dec 2 21:00:27 vpn pluto[22711]: packet from <clientip>:49826: received and ignored informational message Dec 2 21:00:27 vpn pluto[22711]: ERROR: asynchronous network error report on eth0 (sport=4500) for message to <clientip> port 49826, complainant <clientip>: Connection refused [errno 111, origin ICMP type 3 code 3 (not authenticated)] my setup looks like this verizon fios actiontec -- DMZ-- ddwrt router -- debian xen instance actiontec : 192.168.1.1 ddwrt: 171.138.2.1 debian xen server: 171.138.2.13 forwarded udp 500, 4500, 1701 on ddwrt to debian xen instance. vpn passthrough is enabled /etc/ipsec.conf config setup dumpdir=/var/run/pluto/ nat_traversal=yes virtual_private=%v4:10.0.0.0/8,%v4:192.168.0.0/16,%v4:172.16.0.0/12,%v4:25.0.0.0/8,%v6:fd00::/8,%v6:fe80::/10,%v4:!171.138.2.0/24,%v4:!192.168.1.0/24 protostack=netkey # Add connections here conn L2TP-PSK-NAT rightsubnet=vhost:%priv also=L2TP-PSK-noNAT conn L2TP-PSK-noNAT authby=secret pfs=no auto=add keyingtries=3 # we cannot rekey for %any, let client rekey rekey=no # Apple iOS doesn't send delete notify so we need dead peer detection # to detect vanishing clients dpddelay=30 dpdtimeout=120 dpdaction=clear # Set ikelifetime and keylife to same defaults windows has ikelifetime=8h keylife=1h # l2tp-over-ipsec is transport mode type=transport # left=171.138.2.13 # # For updated Windows 2000/XP clients, # to support old clients as well, use leftprotoport=17/%any leftprotoport=17/1701 # # The remote user. # right=%any # Using the magic port of "%any" means "any one single port". This is # a work around required for Apple OSX clients that use a randomly # high port. rightprotoport=17/%any #force all to be nat'ed. because of ios conn passthrough-for-non-l2tp type=passthrough left=171.138.2.13 leftnexthop=171.138.2.1 right=0.0.0.0 rightsubnet=0.0.0.0/0 auto=route /etc/xl2tp/xl2tp.conf [global] ipsec saref = no listen-addr = 171.138.2.13 ;port = 1701 ;debug network = yes ;debug tunnel = yes ;debug network = yes ;debug packet = yes [lns default] ip range = 171.138.2.231-171.138.2.239 local ip = 171.138.2.13 assign ip = yes require chap = no refuse pap = no require authentication = no ;name = OpenswanVPN ppp debug = yes pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/options.xlt2tpd lenght bit = yes /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd ;require-mschap-v2 pcp-accept-local ipcp-accept-local ipcp-accept-remote ;ms-dns 171.138.2.1 ms-dns 192.168.1.1 ms-dns 8.8.8.8 name l2tpd noccp auth crtscts idle 1800 mtu 1410 mru 1410 lock proxyarp connect-delay 5000 debug dump logfd 2 logfile /var/log/xl2tpd.log ipsec verify Checking your system to see if IPsec got installed and started correctly: Version check and ipsec on-path [OK] Linux Openswan U2.6.38/K3.0.0-1-amd64 (netkey) Checking for IPsec support in kernel [OK] SAref kernel support [N/A] NETKEY: Testing XFRM related proc values [OK] [OK] [OK] Checking that pluto is running [OK] Pluto listening for IKE on udp 500 [OK] Pluto listening for NAT-T on udp 4500 [OK] Two or more interfaces found, checking IP forwarding [FAILED] Checking NAT and MASQUERADEing [OK] Checking for 'ip' command [OK] Checking /bin/sh is not /bin/dash [WARNING] Checking for 'iptables' command [OK] Opportunistic Encryption Support [DISABLED] The failed can be ignored i guess since cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward returns 1 any help would be much appreciated as i don't have any idea why this is not working

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• Movement prediction for non-shooters

  - by ShadowChaser

  I'm working on an isometric 2D game with moderate-scale multiplayer, approximately 20-30 players connected at once to a persistent server. I've had some difficulty getting a good movement prediction implementation in place. Physics/Movement The game doesn't have a true physics implementation, but uses the basic principles to implement movement. Rather than continually polling input, state changes (ie/ mouse down/up/move events) are used to change the state of the character entity the player is controlling. The player's direction (ie/ north-east) is combined with a constant speed and turned into a true 3D vector - the entity's velocity. In the main game loop, "Update" is called before "Draw". The update logic triggers a "physics update task" that tracks all entities with a non-zero velocity uses very basic integration to change the entities position. For example: entity.Position += entity.Velocity.Scale(ElapsedTime.Seconds) (where "Seconds" is a floating point value, but the same approach would work for millisecond integer values). The key point is that no interpolation is used for movement - the rudimentary physics engine has no concept of a "previous state" or "current state", only a position and velocity. State Change and Update Packets When the velocity of the character entity the player is controlling changes, a "move avatar" packet is sent to the server containing the entity's action type (stand, walk, run), direction (north-east), and current position. This is different from how 3D first person games work. In a 3D game the velocity (direction) can change frame to frame as the player moves around. Sending every state change would effectively transmit a packet per frame, which would be too expensive. Instead, 3D games seem to ignore state changes and send "state update" packets on a fixed interval - say, every 80-150ms. Since speed and direction updates occur much less frequently in my game, I can get away with sending every state change. Although all of the physics simulations occur at the same speed and are deterministic, latency is still an issue. For that reason, I send out routine position update packets (similar to a 3D game) but much less frequently - right now every 250ms, but I suspect with good prediction I can easily boost it towards 500ms. The biggest problem is that I've now deviated from the norm - all other documentation, guides, and samples online send routine updates and interpolate between the two states. It seems incompatible with my architecture, and I need to come up with a better movement prediction algorithm that is closer to a (very basic) "networked physics" architecture. The server then receives the packet and determines the players speed from it's movement type based on a script (Is the player able to run? Get the player's running speed). Once it has the speed, it combines it with the direction to get a vector - the entity's velocity. Some cheat detection and basic validation occurs, and the entity on the server side is updated with the current velocity, direction, and position. Basic throttling is also performed to prevent players from flooding the server with movement requests. After updating its own entity, the server broadcasts an "avatar position update" packet to all other players within range. The position update packet is used to update the client side physics simulations (world state) of the remote clients and perform prediction and lag compensation. Prediction and Lag Compensation As mentioned above, clients are authoritative for their own position. Except in cases of cheating or anomalies, the client's avatar will never be repositioned by the server. No extrapolation ("move now and correct later") is required for the client's avatar - what the player sees is correct. However, some sort of extrapolation or interpolation is required for all remote entities that are moving. Some sort of prediction and/or lag-compensation is clearly required within the client's local simulation / physics engine. Problems I've been struggling with various algorithms, and have a number of questions and problems: Should I be extrapolating, interpolating, or both? My "gut feeling" is that I should be using pure extrapolation based on velocity. State change is received by the client, client computes a "predicted" velocity that compensates for lag, and the regular physics system does the rest. However, it feels at odds to all other sample code and articles - they all seem to store a number of states and perform interpolation without a physics engine. When a packet arrives, I've tried interpolating the packet's position with the packet's velocity over a fixed time period (say, 200ms). I then take the difference between the interpolated position and the current "error" position to compute a new vector and place that on the entity instead of the velocity that was sent. However, the assumption is that another packet will arrive in that time interval, and it's incredibly difficult to "guess" when the next packet will arrive - especially since they don't all arrive on fixed intervals (ie/ state changes as well). Is the concept fundamentally flawed, or is it correct but needs some fixes / adjustments? What happens when a remote player stops? I can immediately stop the entity, but it will be positioned in the "wrong" spot until it moves again. If I estimate a vector or try to interpolate, I have an issue because I don't store the previous state - the physics engine has no way to say "you need to stop after you reach position X". It simply understands a velocity, nothing more complex. I'm reluctant to add the "packet movement state" information to the entities or physics engine, since it violates basic design principles and bleeds network code across the rest of the game engine. What should happen when entities collide? There are three scenarios - the controlling player collides locally, two entities collide on the server during a position update, or a remote entity update collides on the local client. In all cases I'm uncertain how to handle the collision - aside from cheating, both states are "correct" but at different time periods. In the case of a remote entity it doesn't make sense to draw it walking through a wall, so I perform collision detection on the local client and cause it to "stop". Based on point #2 above, I might compute a "corrected vector" that continually tries to move the entity "through the wall" which will never succeed - the remote avatar is stuck there until the error gets too high and it "snaps" into position. How do games work around this?

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• Any ideas why Ettercap filters aren't seeing packet data?

  - by Bryan

  I'm using an Ettercap filter to detect a query response coming back from a particular service on a remote machine. When I see a response from the service, I'm searching through the data in the packet to see if an offset is a specific value, and if so I'm changing the value at another offset. Trouble is, when I try this on a new virtual machine I built my Ettercap filter's no longer getting any data in the DATA.data variable available to it. if(ip.proto == TCP && tcp.src == 17867) { msg("Response seen!\n"); if(DATA.data + 2 == "\0x01") { msg("Flag detected!\n"); DATA.data + 5 = 0x09; } } The filter's getting applied to the traffic because "Response seen!" messages get printed out by Ettercap. However, "Flag detected!" messages do not. I think DATA.data is indeed empty because if I change my second "if" statement to check for DATA.data == "" then the "Flag detected!" message gets printed. Any ideas why this may be happening?! Also, if this is the wrong site to be asking questions like this, please let me know. I wasn't sure if it fit better here or somewhere like superuser or serverfault. By the way, this is a cross-post from StackOverflow... I should have posted on this forum instead I think. :)

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• Can I make a "TCP packet modifier" using tun/tap and raw sockets?

  - by benhoyt

  I have a Linux application that talks TCP, and to help with analysis and statistics, I'd like to modify the data in some of the TCP packets that it sends out. I'd prefer to do this without hacking the Linux TCP stack. The idea I have so far is to make a bridge which acts as a "TCP packet modifier". My idea is to connect to the application via a tun/tap device on one side of the bridge, and to the network card via raw sockets on the other side of the bridge. My concern is that when you open a raw socket it still sends packets up to Linux's TCP stack, and so I couldn't modify them and send them on even if I wanted to. Is this correct? A pseudo-C-code sketch of the bridge looks like: tap_fd = open_tap_device("/dev/net/tun"); raw_fd = open_raw_socket(); for (;;) { select(fds = [tap_fd, raw_fd]); if (FD_ISSET(tap_fd, &fds)) { read_packet(tap_fd); modify_packet_if_needed(); write_packet(raw_fd); } if (FD_ISSET(raw_fd, &fds)) { read_packet(raw_fd); modify_packet_if_needed(); write_packet(tap_fd); } } Does this look possible, or are there other better ways of achieving the same thing? (TCP packet bridging and modification.)

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• How do I get uri of HTTP packet with winpcap?

  - by Gtker

  Based on this article I can get all incoming packets. /* Callback function invoked by libpcap for every incoming packet */ void packet_handler(u_char *param, const struct pcap_pkthdr *header, const u_char *pkt_data) { struct tm *ltime; char timestr[16]; ip_header *ih; udp_header *uh; u_int ip_len; u_short sport,dport; time_t local_tv_sec; /* convert the timestamp to readable format */ local_tv_sec = header->ts.tv_sec; ltime=localtime(&local_tv_sec); strftime( timestr, sizeof timestr, "%H:%M:%S", ltime); /* print timestamp and length of the packet */ printf("%s.%.6d len:%d ", timestr, header->ts.tv_usec, header->len); /* retireve the position of the ip header */ ih = (ip_header *) (pkt_data + 14); //length of ethernet header /* retireve the position of the udp header */ ip_len = (ih->ver_ihl & 0xf) * 4; uh = (udp_header *) ((u_char*)ih + ip_len); /* convert from network byte order to host byte order */ sport = ntohs( uh->sport ); dport = ntohs( uh->dport ); /* print ip addresses and udp ports */ printf("%d.%d.%d.%d.%d -> %d.%d.%d.%d.%d\n", ih->saddr.byte1, ih->saddr.byte2, ih->saddr.byte3, ih->saddr.byte4, sport, ih->daddr.byte1, ih->daddr.byte2, ih->daddr.byte3, ih->daddr.byte4, dport); } But how do I extract URI information in packet_handler?

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• Bridging and iptables SNAT conflict

  - by sad_admin

  Hello I am working on a setup here and have it working with one minor exception. Devices on one side of my bridge aren't getting SNAT'd to the Internet. The Diagram / Overview: Primary_Network (Site_A) | | Internet ------- Linux_Bridge_GW (GW) | | Secondary/CoLo Site (Site_B) Here is the setup: 1.) Site_A has all the production servers and workstations. 2.) Site_B has a set of servers that we would like to fail-over to and also serve our internet facing services from. 3.) GW has two interfaces that are trunked and carrying the appropriate VLAN traffic (allow layer-2 propagation of traffic between sites) //this all works perfectly fine. 4.) The problem that is being encountered is, hosts from Site_B have their default GW at Site_A (same subnet) GW does not have IPs on the VLANs that are being passed. 5.) All hosts at Site_A can reach the Internet without problem. 6.) GW has an addresses on a subnet that is ONLY for Internet destined traffic. (This was done so that Websense would not have to parse unnecessary traffic. We use this VLAN as the monitor port's source on the switch where Websense is sitting). What I think is happening: 1.) Packet/Frame comes in on physdev at Site_B destined for Internet. 2.) Kernel sees packet, and forwards it out the other side of the bridge to that host's default GW. 3.) Site_A (containing core-network's Default-GW) sees that packet is destined for a host it doesn't know about, so it sends it to it's default GW (the linux bridge, since it's Internet bound). 4.) The kernel says "Hey, I've seen you before" and therefore doesn't do SNAT'ing on the packet and sends it out to the Internet where it's black-holed. Why I think it's happening: 1.) A tcpdump on the internet facing NIC shows the packet leaving the interface with the private address as it's source. What I would like: 1.) Have the packet SNAT'd. 2.) Something like the below would be awesome a.) packet comes in from Site_B b.) kernel sees that the packet is NOT destined for itself or any private address c.) kernel says "OK, well since you're destined for the Internet I'm going to send you out this interface rather than forward you to your normal default GW that's WAAAY over there." d.) packet comes in from internet and is sent out the appropriate bridge physdev depending on which site the host it's destined for is at. Thanks for any assistance or guidance that you are willing to offer. Best Regards, Sad Admin

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• Unnecessary Java context switches

  - by Paul Morrison

  I have a network of Java Threads (Flow-Based Programming) communicating via fixed-capacity channels - running under WindowsXP. What we expected, based on our experience with "green" threads (non-preemptive), would be that threads would switch context less often (thus reducing CPU time) if the channels were made bigger. However, we found that increasing channel size does not make any difference to the run time. What seems to be happening is that Java decides to switch threads even though channels aren't full or empty (i.e. even though a thread doesn't have to suspend), which costs CPU time for no apparent advantage. Also changing Thread priorities doesn't make any observable difference. My question is whether there is some way of persuading Java not to make unnecessary context switches, but hold off switching until it is really necessary to switch threads - is there some way of changing Java's dispatching logic? Or is it reacting to something I didn't pay attention to?! Or are there other asynchronism mechanisms, e.g. Thread factories, Runnable(s), maybe even daemons (!). The answer appears to be non-obvious, as so far none of my correspondents has come up with an answer (including most recently two CS profs). Or maybe I'm missing something that's so obvious that people can't imagine my not knowing it... I've added the send and receive code here - not very elegant, but it seems to work...;-) In case you are wondering, I thought the goLock logic in 'send' might be causing the problem, but removing it temporarily didn't make any difference. I have added the code for send and receive... public synchronized Packet receive() { if (isDrained()) { return null; } while (isEmpty()) { try { wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { close(); return null; } if (isDrained()) { return null; } } if (isDrained()) { return null; } if (isFull()) { notifyAll(); // notify other components waiting to send } Packet packet = array[receivePtr]; array[receivePtr] = null; receivePtr = (receivePtr + 1) % array.length; //notifyAll(); // only needed if it was full usedSlots--; packet.setOwner(receiver); if (null == packet.getContent()) { traceFuncs("Received null packet"); } else { traceFuncs("Received: " + packet.toString()); } return packet; } synchronized boolean send(final Packet packet, final OutputPort op) { sender = op.sender; if (isClosed()) { return false; } while (isFull()) { try { wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { indicateOneSenderClosed(); return false; } sender = op.sender; } if (isClosed()) { return false; } try { receiver.goLock.lockInterruptibly(); } catch (InterruptedException ex) { return false; } try { packet.clearOwner(); array[sendPtr] = packet; sendPtr = (sendPtr + 1) % array.length; usedSlots++; // move this to here if (receiver.getStatus() == StatusValues.DORMANT || receiver.getStatus() == StatusValues.NOT_STARTED) { receiver.activate(); // start or wake up if necessary } else { notifyAll(); // notify receiver // other components waiting to send to this connection may also get // notified, // but this is handled by while statement } sender = null; Component.network.active = true; } finally { receiver.goLock.unlock(); } return true; }

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• Python: Socket set source port number

  - by beratch

  Hi all, I'd like to send a specific UDP broadcast packet.. unfortunatly i need to send the udp packet from a very specific port for all packet I send. Let say I broadcast via UDP "BLABLAH", the server will only answer if my incoming packet source port was 1444, if not the packet is discarded. My broadcast socket setup look like this : s = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM) s.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, 1) How can i do that (set the source port) in python ? Thanks!

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• C# listview add items

  - by Eyla

  Greetings, I have a method to capture packets. after capturing I want to add each packet as a row in listview in runting time so as soon as I capture packet I want to add it to the list view. the problem that when I use items.Add() I will get overload argument error. please advice!! here is my code: private void packetCapturingThreadMethod() { Packet packet = null; int countOfPacketCaptures = 0; while ((packet = device.GetNextPacket()) != null) { packet = device.GetNextPacket(); if (packet is TCPPacket) { TCPPacket tcp = (TCPPacket)packet; myPacket tempPacket = new myPacket(); tempPacket.packetType = "TCP"; tempPacket.sourceAddress = Convert.ToString(tcp.SourceAddress); tempPacket.destinationAddress = Convert.ToString(tcp.DestinationAddress); tempPacket.sourcePort = Convert.ToString(tcp.SourcePort); tempPacket.destinationPort = Convert.ToString(tcp.DestinationPort); tempPacket.packetMessage = Convert.ToString(tcp.Data); packetsList.Add(tempPacket); string[] row = { packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].packetType, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].sourceAddress, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].destinationAddress, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].sourcePort, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].destinationPort, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].packetMessage }; try { listView1.Items.Add(packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].packetType, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].sourceAddress, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].destinationAddress, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].sourcePort, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].destinationPort, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].packetMessage) ; countOfPacketCaptures++; lblCapturesLabels.Text = Convert.ToString(countOfPacketCaptures);} catch (Exception e) { } } else if (packet is UDPPacket) { UDPPacket udp = (UDPPacket)packet; myPacket tempPacket = new myPacket(); tempPacket.packetType = "UDP"; tempPacket.sourceAddress = Convert.ToString(udp.SourceAddress); tempPacket.destinationAddress = Convert.ToString(udp.DestinationAddress); tempPacket.sourcePort = Convert.ToString(udp.SourcePort); tempPacket.destinationPort = Convert.ToString(udp.DestinationPort); tempPacket.packetMessage = Convert.ToString(udp.Data); packetsList.Add(tempPacket); string[] row = { packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].packetType, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].sourceAddress, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].destinationAddress, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].sourcePort, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].destinationPort, packetsList[countOfPacketCaptures].packetMessage }; try { dgwPacketInfo.Rows.Add(row); countOfPacketCaptures++; lblCapturesLabels.Text = Convert.ToString(countOfPacketCaptures); } catch (Exception e) { } } } }

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• Python and libpcap. find source mac address of packet.

  - by Shamanu4

  Hello! I'm writing python program to build mac-address cache using pcap. But pcap module for python has no good documentation. I have found this page http://pylibpcap.sourceforge.net/ with code example and it works fine. Can anybody modify this example to make it able to show the source mac-address for each packet? Or point me to the documentation where I can read about it ...

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• How do I modify a HTTP response packet with winpcap?

  - by httpinterpret

  There are two problems here: What if content is encoded:gzip... Do I also need to change the header part to make the HTTP packet valid(checksums if any?) UPDATE Can someone with actual experience elaborate the steps involved? I'm using winpcap and bpf tcp and src port 80 to filter the traffic,so my job lies in this callback function: void packet_handler(u_char *param, const struct pcap_pkthdr *header, const u_char *pkt_data)

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• How can i calculate an optimal UDP packet size for a datastream?

  - by Andrew Bolster

  Short radio link with a data source attached with a needed throughput of 1280Kbps over IPv6 with a UDP Stop-and-wait protocol, no other clients or noticeable noise sources in the area. How on earth can i calculate what the best packet size is to minimise overhead?

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• iphone problem receiving UDP packets

  - by SooDesuNe

  I'm using sendto() and recvfrom() to send some simple packets via UDP over WiFI. I've tried using two phones, and a simulator, the results I'm getting are: Packets sent from phones - recieved by simulator Packets sent from simulator - simulator recvfrom remains blocking. Packets sent from phones - other phone recvfrom remains blocking. I'm not sure how to start debugging this one, since the simulator/mac is able to receive the the packets, but the phones don't appear to be getting the message. A slight aside, do I need to keep my packets below the MTU for my network? Or is fragmentation handled by the OS or some other lower level software? UPDATE: I forgot to include the packet size and structure. I'm transmitting: typedef struct PacketForTransmission { int32_t packetTypeIdentifier; char data[64]; // size to fit my biggest struct } PacketForTransmission; of which the char data[64] is: typedef struct PacketHeader{ uint32_t identifier; uint32_t datatype; } PacketHeader; typedef struct BasePacket{ PacketHeader header; int32_t cardValue; char sendingDeviceID[41]; //dont forget to save room for the NULL terminator! } BasePacket; typedef struct PositionPacket{ BasePacket basePacket; int32_t x; int32_t y; } PositionPacket; sending packet is like: PositionPacket packet; bzero(&packet, sizeof(packet)); //fill packet with it's associated data PacketForTransmission transmissionPacket; transmissionPacket.packetTypeIdentifier = kPositionPacketType; memcpy(&transmissionPacket.data, (void*)&packet, sizeof(packet)); //put the PositionPacket into data[64] size_t sendResult = sendto(_socket, &transmissionPacket, sizeof(transmissionPacket), 0, [address bytes], [address length]); NSLog(@"packet sent of size: %i", sendResult); and recieving packets is like: while(1){ char dataBuffer[8192]; struct sockaddr addr; socklen_t socklen = sizeof(addr); ssize_t len = recvfrom(_socket, dataBuffer, sizeof(dataBuffer), 0, &addr, &socklen); //continues blocking here NSLog(@"packet recieved of length: %i", len); //do some more stuff }

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• How to raise a boost::signal whenever a packet is recieved?

  - by the_drow

  I know that boost.asio has a mechanism that calls a callback function whenever a packet is received but is there an option to emit a signal instead? Do I have to write a function that emits the signal? If it is so, why?

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• Theoretical minimum round-trip-time for a packet to travel over/under the North Atlantic Sea?

  - by knorv

  I'm doing some performance tuning and capacity planning for a low-latency application and have the following question: What is the theoretical minimum round-trip time for a packet sent between a host in London and one in New York?

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• Upcasting without any added data fields.

  - by Benjamin Manns

  In my project I have a generic Packet class. I would like to be able to upcast to other classes (like LoginPacket or MovePacket). The base class contains a command and arguments (greatly simplified): public class Packet { public String Command; public String[] Arguments; } I would like to have be able to convert from Packet to LoginPacket (or any other) based on a check if Packet.Command == "LOGIN". The login packet would not contain any new data members, but only methods for accessing specific arguments. For example: public class LoginPacket : Packet { public String Username { get { return Arguments[0]; } set { Arguments[0] == value; } } public String Password { get { return Arguments[1]; } set { Arguments[1] == value; } } } It would be great if I could run a simple code that would cast from Packet to LoginPacket with something like LoginPacket _Login = (LoginPacket)_Packet;, but that throws a System.InvalidCastException. It seems like this would be an easy task, as no new data is included, but I can't figure out any other way than copying everything from the Packet class to a new LoginPacket class.

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• ICMP Redirect Theory VS. Application

  - by joeqwerty

  I'm trying to watch ICMP redirects in a lab using Cisco Packet Tracer (version 5.3.2) and I'm not seeing them, which leads me to believe that either my lab configuration isn't correct or my understanding of ICMP redirects isn't correct or that Packet Tracer doesn't support/use ICMP redirects. Here's what I believe to be true regarding ICMP redirects: Routers send ICMP redirects when all of these conditions are met: The interface on which the packet comes into the router is the same interface on which the packet gets routed out. The subnet or network of the source IP address is on the same subnet or network of the next-hop IP address of the routed packet. The datagram is not source-routed. The router kernel is configured to send redirects. I have the lab set up in Cisco Packet Tracer as displayed in the image and would expect to see an ICMP redirect from Router1 when pinging from PC1 to PC3. I'm not seeing the ICMP redirect and it looks like Router1 is actually routing all of the packets via Router2. I have IP ICMP debugging enabled on Router1 (and Router2) and I'm not seeing any ICMP redirect activity in either console. I'm also not seeing a route to the PC3 network in the routing table on PC1, which I think confirms that the ICMP redirect is not occurring. I'm using only static routing on Routers 1 and 2. Is my understanding of ICMP redirects incorrect, or is there a problem with my lab configuration or does Packet Tracer not support/use ICMP redirects?

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• How do I fix: The handshake failed due to an unexpected packet format?

  - by Greg Finzer

  I am connecting from Windows Server 2008 R2 to a Linux FTP Server running vsFTPd 2.0.7. I am connecting via SSL. Here is the line of code it is failing on: sslStream = new SslStream(stream, false, CertificateValidation); Here is the log: 220 (vsFTPd 2.0.7) AUTH SSL 234 Proceed with negotiation. I receive the following error: System.IO.IOException: The handshake failed due to an unexpected packet format. at System.Net.Security.SslState.StartReadFrame(Byte[] buffer, Int32 readBytes, AsyncProtocolRequest asyncRequest) at System.Net.Security.SslState.StartReceiveBlob(Byte[] buffer, AsyncProtocolRequest asyncRequest) at System.Net.Security.SslState.ForceAuthentication(Boolean receiveFirst, Byte[] buffer, AsyncProtocolRequest asyncRequest) at System.Net.Security.SslState.ProcessAuthentication(LazyAsyncResult lazyResult) at KellermanSoftware.NetFtpLibrary.ProxySocket.InitSsl() at KellermanSoftware.NetFtpLibrary.FTP.Connect(Boolean implicitConnection)

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• How to fake source ip-address of a udp-packet?

  - by youllknow

  Hi everyone! Think about the following: Your ISP offers you a dynamic ip-address (for example 123.123.123.123). My question is simple (the answer may not): Is it possible to send a single udp-packet with a outer source-ip (for example 124.124.124.124) to a fixed-ip server? I don't need to get a answer from the server. I just want to know if/how this one way communication can be done, using a faked source-ip address. I'm sorry for my bad English! Thanks for you help in advance!

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• How do I determine if a packet is RTP/RTCP?

  - by Chris Holmes

  I am using SharpPCap which is built on WinPCap to capture UDP traffic. My end goal is to capture the audio data from H.323 and save those phone conversations as WAV files. But first thing is first - I need to figure out what my UDP packets are crossing the NIC. SharpPCap provides a UdpPacket class that gives me access to the PayloadData of the message. But I am unsure what do with this data. It's a Byte[] array and I don't know how to go about determining if it's an RTP or RTCP packet. I've Googled this topic but there isn't much out there. Any help is appreciated.

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• Can't get the L2TP IPSEC up and running

  - by Maciej Swic

  i have an Ubuntu 11.10 (oneiric) server running on a ReadyNAS. Im planning to use this to accept ipsec+l2tp connections through a router. However, the connection is failing somewhere half through. Using Openswan IPsec U2.6.28/K3.0.0-12-generic and trying to connect with an iOS 5 iPhone 4S. This is how far i can get: auth.log: Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: added connection description "PSK" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: added connection description "L2TP-PSK-NAT" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: added connection description "L2TP-PSK-noNAT" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: added connection description "passthrough-for-non-l2tp" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: listening for IKE messages Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: NAT-Traversal: Trying new style NAT-T Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: NAT-Traversal: ESPINUDP(1) setup failed for new style NAT-T family IPv4 (errno=19) Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: NAT-Traversal: Trying old style NAT-T Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface eth0/eth0 192.168.19.99:500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface eth0/eth0 192.168.19.99:4500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface lo/lo 127.0.0.1:500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface lo/lo 127.0.0.1:4500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface lo/lo ::1:500 Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: adding interface eth0/eth0 2001:470:28:81:a00:27ff:* Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: loading secrets from "/etc/ipsec.secrets" Jan 19 13:54:11 ubuntu pluto[1990]: loading secrets from "/var/lib/openswan/ipsec.secrets.inc" Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [RFC 3947] method set to=109 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike] method set to=110 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [8f8d83826d246b6fc7a8a6a428c11de8] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [439b59f8ba676c4c7737ae22eab8f582] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [4d1e0e136deafa34c4f3ea9f02ec7285] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [80d0bb3def54565ee84645d4c85ce3ee] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [9909b64eed937c6573de52ace952fa6b] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-03] meth=108, but already using method 110 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-02] meth=107, but already using method 110 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike-02_n] meth=106, but already using method 110 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: packet from 95.*.*.233:500: received Vendor ID payload [Dead Peer Detection] Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: responding to Main Mode from unknown peer 95.*.*.233 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R0 to state STATE_MAIN_R1 Jan 19 14:04:31 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: STATE_MAIN_R1: sent MR1, expecting MI2 Jan 19 14:04:33 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: NAT-Traversal: Result using draft-ietf-ipsec-nat-t-ike (MacOS X): both are NATed Jan 19 14:04:33 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: transition from state STATE_MAIN_R1 to state STATE_MAIN_R2 Jan 19 14:04:33 ubuntu pluto[1990]: "PSK"[1] 95.*.*.233 #1: STATE_MAIN_R2: sent MR2, expecting MI3 Jan 19 14:05:03 ubuntu pluto[1990]: ERROR: asynchronous network error report on eth0 (sport=500) for message to 95.*.*.233 port 500, complainant 95.*.*.233: Connection refused [errno 111, origin ICMP type 3 code 3 (not authenticated)] Router config UDP 500, 1701 and 4500 forwarded to 192.168.19.99 (Ubuntu server for ipsec). Ipsec passthrough enabled. /etc/ipsec.conf # /etc/ipsec.conf - Openswan IPsec configuration file # This file: /usr/share/doc/openswan/ipsec.conf-sample # # Manual: ipsec.conf.5 version 2.0 # conforms to second version of ipsec.conf specification config setup nat_traversal=yes #charonstart=yes #plutostart=yes protostack=netkey conn PSK authby=secret forceencaps=yes pfs=no auto=add keyingtries=3 dpdtimeout=60 dpdaction=clear rekey=no left=192.168.19.99 leftnexthop=192.168.19.1 leftprotoport=17/1701 right=%any rightprotoport=17/%any rightsubnet=vhost:%priv,%no dpddelay=10 #dpdtimeout=10 #dpdaction=clear include /etc/ipsec.d/l2tp-psk.conf /etc/ipsec.d/l2tp-psk.conf conn L2TP-PSK-NAT rightsubnet=vhost:%priv also=L2TP-PSK-noNAT conn L2TP-PSK-noNAT # # PreSharedSecret needs to be specified in /etc/ipsec.secrets as # YourIPAddress %any: "sharedsecret" authby=secret pfs=no auto=add keyingtries=3 # we cannot rekey for %any, let client rekey rekey=no # Set ikelifetime and keylife to same defaults windows has ikelifetime=8h keylife=1h # l2tp-over-ipsec is transport mode type=transport # left=192.168.19.99 # # For updated Windows 2000/XP clients, # to support old clients as well, use leftprotoport=17/%any leftprotoport=17/1701 # # The remote user. # right=%any # Using the magic port of "0" means "any one single port". This is # a work around required for Apple OSX clients that use a randomly # high port, but propose "0" instead of their port. rightprotoport=17/%any dpddelay=10 dpdtimeout=10 dpdaction=clear conn passthrough-for-non-l2tp type=passthrough left=192.168.19.99 leftnexthop=192.168.19.1 right=0.0.0.0 rightsubnet=0.0.0.0/0 auto=route /etc/ipsec.secrets include /var/lib/openswan/ipsec.secrets.inc %any %any: PSK "my-key" 192.168.19.99 %any: PSK "my-key" /etc/xl2tpd/xl2tpd.conf [global] debug network = yes debug tunnel = yes ipsec saref = no listen-addr = 192.168.19.99 [lns default] ip range = 192.168.19.201-192.168.19.220 local ip = 192.168.19.99 require chap = yes refuse chap = no refuse pap = no require authentication = no ppp debug = yes pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd length bit = yes /etc/ppp/options.xl2tpd pcp-accept-local ipcp-accept-remote noccp auth crtscts idle 1800 mtu 1410 mru 1410 defaultroute debug lock proxyarp connect-delay 5000 ipcp-accept-local /etc/ppp/chap-secrets # Secrets for authentication using CHAP # client server secret IP addresses maciekish * my-secret * * maciekish my-secret * I can't seem to find the problem. Other ipsec connections to other hosts work from the network im currently at.

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• SonicOS Enhanced 5.8.1.2 L2TP VPN Authentication Failed

  - by Dean A. Vassallo

  I have a SonicWall TZ 215 running SonicOS Enhanced 5.8.1.2-6o. I have configured the L2TP VPN using the default crypto suite ESP: 3DES/HMAC SHA1 (IKE). Proposals are as such: IKE (Phase 1) Proposal DH Group: Group 2 Encryption: 3DES Authentication: SHA1 Life Time (seconds): 28800 Ipsec (Phase 2) Proposal Protocol: ESP Encryption: 3DES Authentication: SHA1 Enable Perfect Forward Secrecy DISABLED Life Time (seconds): 28800 When attempting to connect via my Mac OS X client I get an authentication error. It appears to pass the pre-authentication but fails to complete. I am at a complete loss. I reconfigured from scratch multiple times...used simple usernames and passwords to verify this wasn't a miskeyed password issue. I have Here are the logs (noted IP has been removed for privacy): 7/1/13 8:19:05.174 PM pppd[1268]: setup_security_context server port: 0x1503 7/1/13 8:19:05.190 PM pppd[1268]: publish_entry SCDSet() failed: Success! 7/1/13 8:19:05.191 PM pppd[1268]: publish_entry SCDSet() failed: Success! 7/1/13 8:19:05.191 PM pppd[1268]: pppd 2.4.2 (Apple version 727.1.1) started by dean, uid 501 7/1/13 8:19:05.192 PM pppd[1268]: L2TP connecting to server ‘0.0.0.0’ (0.0.0.0)... 7/1/13 8:19:05.193 PM pppd[1268]: IPSec connection started 7/1/13 8:19:05.208 PM racoon[1269]: accepted connection on vpn control socket. 7/1/13 8:19:05.209 PM racoon[1269]: Connecting. 7/1/13 8:19:05.209 PM racoon[1269]: IPSec Phase 1 started (Initiated by me). 7/1/13 8:19:05.209 PM racoon[1269]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 1). 7/1/13 8:19:05.209 PM racoon[1269]: >>>>> phase change status = Phase 1 started by us 7/1/13 8:19:05.231 PM racoon[1269]: >>>>> phase change status = Phase 1 started by peer 7/1/13 8:19:05.231 PM racoon[1269]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 2). 7/1/13 8:19:05.234 PM racoon[1269]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 3). 7/1/13 8:19:05.293 PM racoon[1269]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 4). 7/1/13 8:19:05.295 PM racoon[1269]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 5). 7/1/13 8:19:05.315 PM racoon[1269]: IKEv1 Phase 1 AUTH: success. (Initiator, Main-Mode Message 6). 7/1/13 8:19:05.315 PM racoon[1269]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Main-Mode message 6). 7/1/13 8:19:05.315 PM racoon[1269]: IKEv1 Phase 1 Initiator: success. (Initiator, Main-Mode). 7/1/13 8:19:05.315 PM racoon[1269]: IPSec Phase 1 established (Initiated by me). 7/1/13 8:19:06.307 PM racoon[1269]: IPSec Phase 2 started (Initiated by me). 7/1/13 8:19:06.307 PM racoon[1269]: >>>>> phase change status = Phase 2 started 7/1/13 8:19:06.308 PM racoon[1269]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode message 1). 7/1/13 8:19:06.332 PM racoon[1269]: attribute has been modified. 7/1/13 8:19:06.332 PM racoon[1269]: IKE Packet: receive success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode message 2). 7/1/13 8:19:06.332 PM racoon[1269]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode message 3). 7/1/13 8:19:06.333 PM racoon[1269]: IKEv1 Phase 2 Initiator: success. (Initiator, Quick-Mode). 7/1/13 8:19:06.333 PM racoon[1269]: IPSec Phase 2 established (Initiated by me). 7/1/13 8:19:06.333 PM racoon[1269]: >>>>> phase change status = Phase 2 established 7/1/13 8:19:06.333 PM pppd[1268]: IPSec connection established 7/1/13 8:19:07.145 PM pppd[1268]: L2TP connection established. 7/1/13 8:19:07.000 PM kernel[0]: ppp0: is now delegating en0 (type 0x6, family 2, sub-family 3) 7/1/13 8:19:07.146 PM pppd[1268]: Connect: ppp0 <--> socket[34:18] 7/1/13 8:19:08.709 PM pppd[1268]: MS-CHAPv2 mutual authentication failed. 7/1/13 8:19:08.710 PM pppd[1268]: Connection terminated. 7/1/13 8:19:08.710 PM pppd[1268]: L2TP disconnecting... 7/1/13 8:19:08.711 PM pppd[1268]: L2TP disconnected 7/1/13 8:19:08.711 PM racoon[1269]: IPSec disconnecting from server 0.0.0.0 7/1/13 8:19:08.711 PM racoon[1269]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Information message). 7/1/13 8:19:08.712 PM racoon[1269]: IKEv1 Information-Notice: transmit success. (Delete IPSEC-SA). 7/1/13 8:19:08.712 PM racoon[1269]: IKE Packet: transmit success. (Information message). 7/1/13 8:19:08.712 PM racoon[1269]: IKEv1 Information-Notice: transmit success. (Delete ISAKMP-SA). 7/1/13 8:19:08.713 PM racoon[1269]: glob found no matches for path "/var/run/racoon/*.conf" 7/1/13 8:19:08.714 PM racoon[1269]: pfkey DELETE failed: No such file or directory

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• Is there a max recommended size on bundling js/css files due to chunking or packet loss?

  - by George Mauer

  So we all have heard that its good to bundle your javascript. Of course it is, but it seems to me that the story is too simple. See if my logic makes sense here. Obviously fewer HTTP requests is fewer round trips and hence better. However - and I don't know much about bare http - aren't http responses sent in chunks? And if a file is larger than one of those chunks doesn't it have to be downloaded as multiple (possibly synchronous?) round trips? As opposed to this, several requests for files just under the chunking size would arrive much quicker since modern web browsers download resources like javascripts in parallel. Even if chunking is not an issue, it seems like there would be some max recommended size just due to likelyhood of packet loss alone since a bundled file must wait till it is entirely downloaded to execute, versus the more lenient native rule that scripts must execute in order. Obviously there's also matters of browser caching and code volatility to consider but can someone confirm this or explain why I'm off base? Does anyone have any numbers to put to it?

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