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• Converting a PowerShell Script into a Module

  This article is taken from the book Windows PowerShell in Action, Second Edition. The author provides an overview of the PowerShell modules, including their roles and terminology. He shows how modules allow packaging collections of PowerShell resources into shareable, reusable units. The author dives into the methods of writing Powershell scripts and converting a script into a module.

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• PowerShell the SQL Server Way

  Although Windows PowerShell has been available to IT professionals going on seven years, there are still many IT pros who are just now deciding to see what the fuss is all about. Depending on your job, you might find PowerShell an invaluable tool. Microsoft's plan is that PowerShell will be the management tool for all of its servers and platforms. For most IT pros, it's not a matter of if you'll be using PowerShell, only a matter of when.

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• Powershell script to change screen Orientation

  - by user161964

  I wrote a script to change Primary screen orientation to portrait. my screen is 1920X1200 It runs and no error reported. But the screen does not rotated as i expected. The code was modified from Set-ScreenResolution (Andy Schneider) Does anybody can help me take a look? some reference site: 1.set-screenresolution http://gallery.technet.microsoft.com/ScriptCenter/2a631d72-206d-4036-a3f2-2e150f297515/ 2.C code for change oridentation (MSDN) Changing Screen Orientation Programmatically http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms812499.aspx my code as below: Function Set-ScreenOrientation { $pinvokeCode = @" using System; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; namespace Resolution { [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct DEVMODE1 { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)] public string dmDeviceName; public short dmSpecVersion; public short dmDriverVersion; public short dmSize; public short dmDriverExtra; public int dmFields; public short dmOrientation; public short dmPaperSize; public short dmPaperLength; public short dmPaperWidth; public short dmScale; public short dmCopies; public short dmDefaultSource; public short dmPrintQuality; public short dmColor; public short dmDuplex; public short dmYResolution; public short dmTTOption; public short dmCollate; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 32)] public string dmFormName; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public short dmDisplayOrientation public short dmLogPixels; public short dmBitsPerPel; public int dmPelsWidth; public int dmPelsHeight; public int dmDisplayFlags; public int dmDisplayFrequency; public int dmICMMethod; public int dmICMIntent; public int dmMediaType; public int dmDitherType; public int dmReserved1; public int dmReserved2; public int dmPanningWidth; public int dmPanningHeight; }; class User_32 { [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern int EnumDisplaySettings(string deviceName, int modeNum, ref DEVMODE1 devMode); [DllImport("user32.dll")] public static extern int ChangeDisplaySettings(ref DEVMODE1 devMode, int flags); public const int ENUM_CURRENT_SETTINGS = -1; public const int CDS_UPDATEREGISTRY = 0x01; public const int CDS_TEST = 0x02; public const int DISP_CHANGE_SUCCESSFUL = 0; public const int DISP_CHANGE_RESTART = 1; public const int DISP_CHANGE_FAILED = -1; } public class PrmaryScreenOrientation { static public string ChangeOrientation() { DEVMODE1 dm = GetDevMode1(); if (0 != User_32.EnumDisplaySettings(null, User_32.ENUM_CURRENT_SETTINGS, ref dm)) { dm.dmDisplayOrientation = DMDO_90 dm.dmPelsWidth = 1200; dm.dmPelsHeight = 1920; int iRet = User_32.ChangeDisplaySettings(ref dm, User_32.CDS_TEST); if (iRet == User_32.DISP_CHANGE_FAILED) { return "Unable To Process Your Request. Sorry For This Inconvenience."; } else { iRet = User_32.ChangeDisplaySettings(ref dm, User_32.CDS_UPDATEREGISTRY); switch (iRet) { case User_32.DISP_CHANGE_SUCCESSFUL: { return "Success"; } case User_32.DISP_CHANGE_RESTART: { return "You Need To Reboot For The Change To Happen.\n If You Feel Any Problem After Rebooting Your Machine\nThen Try To Change Resolution In Safe Mode."; } default: { return "Failed"; } } } } else { return "Failed To Change."; } } private static DEVMODE1 GetDevMode1() { DEVMODE1 dm = new DEVMODE1(); dm.dmDeviceName = new String(new char[32]); dm.dmFormName = new String(new char[32]); dm.dmSize = (short)Marshal.SizeOf(dm); return dm; } } } "@ Add-Type $pinvokeCode -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue [Resolution.PrmaryScreenOrientation]::ChangeOrientation() }

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• How to connect Home Folder using PowerShell

  - by Maximus

  I tried to create user using New-QADUser cmdlet. I know this cmdlet has -HomeDrive switch. But the problem is that cmdlet is just applying path string to user's account and not creating user's home directory on the fileserver like it happens when you use ADUC console. How can I do it corerctly?

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• Deleting entire lines in a text file based on a partial string match with Windows PowerShell

  - by Charles

  So I have several large text files I need to sort through, and remove all occurrences of lines which contain a given keyword. So basically, if I have these lines: This is not a test This is a test Maybe a test Definitely not a test And I run the script with 'not', I need to entirely delete lines 1 and 4. I've been trying with: PS C:\Users\Admin (Get-Content "D:\Logs\co2.txt") | Foreach-Object {$_ -replace "3*Program*", ""} | Set-Content "D:\Logs\co2.txt" but it only replaces the 'Program' and not the entire line.

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• How to give a user NTFS rights to a folder, via Powershell

  - by Don

  I'm trying to build a script that will create a folder for a new user on our file server. Then take the inherited rights away from that folder and add specific rights back in. I have it successfully adding the folder (if i give it a static entry in the script), giving domain admin rights, removing inheritance, etc...but i'm having trouble getting it to use a variable I set as the user. I don't want there to be a static user each time, I want to be able to run this script, have it ask me for a username, it then goes out and creates the folder, then gives that same user full rights to that folder based on the username i've supplied it. I can use Smithd as a user, like this: New-Item \\fileserver\home$\Smithd –Type Directory But can't get it to reference the user like this: New-Item \\fileserver\home$\$username –Type Directory Here's what i have: Creating a new folder and setting NTFS permissions. $username = read-host -prompt "Enter User Name" New-Item \\\fileserver\home$\$username –Type Directory Get-Acl \\\fileserver\home$\$username $acl = Get-Acl \\\fileserver\home$\$username $acl.SetAccessRuleProtection($True, $False) $rule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule("Administrators","FullControl", "ContainerInherit, ObjectInherit", "None", "Allow") $acl.AddAccessRule($rule) $rule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule("Domain\Domain Admins","FullControl", "ContainerInherit, ObjectInherit", "None", "Allow") $acl.AddAccessRule($rule) $rule = New-Object System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule("Domain\"+$username,"FullControl", "ContainerInherit, ObjectInherit", "None", "Allow") $acl.AddAccessRule($rule) Set-Acl \\\fileserver\home$\$username $acl I've tried several ways to get it to work, but no luck. Any ideas or suggestions would be welcome, thanks.

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• Powershell: Execute exe on remote server and capture output

  - by user364825

  I am trying to script the execution of an installer on remote web servers. The installer in question is also a Windows Service that hosts NServiceBus. If RDP'd into the server, the application is installed by the following command: &"$theInstaller" /install /serviceName:TheServiceName The installer prints output about its progress registering the service and connecting to the database to stdout, among other things. This works fine from an RDP session, but when I execute it remotely via PS, I get a you-can't-do-this-over-the-network message if I execute it directly or via Invoke-Command -computername $theRemoteServer: System.IO.FileLoadException: Could not load file or assembly 'file://\\theRemoteServer\c$ \thePath\AutoMapper.dll' or one of its dependencies. Operation is not supported. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131515) --- System.NotSupportedException: An attempt was made to load an assembly from a network location which would have caused the assembly to be sandboxed in previous versions of the .NET Framework. This release of the .NET Framework does not enable CAS policy by default, so this load may be dangerous. If this load is not intended to sandbox the assembly, please enable the loadFromRemoteSources switch. See http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=155569 for more information. (Note: I added an additional "\" to the path in the first line in order to get it to show up correctly in the preview on this site.) This, and other DLLs, are loaded by the service, and the service's execution context cannot, apparently, be remotified. I have also tried using Invoke-WmiMethod, which does something, but it's not clear what, and the output from the installer is lost: Invoke-WMIMethod win32_process create '"$theInstaller" /install /serviceName:TheServiceName' -ComputerName $server (with and without cmd.exe /k before the intaller reference): __GENUS : 2 __CLASS : __PARAMETERS __SUPERCLASS : __DYNASTY : __PARAMETERS __RELPATH : __PROPERTY_COUNT : 2 __DERIVATION : {} __SERVER : __NAMESPACE : __PATH : ProcessId : ReturnValue : 9 How does one remotely execute such an EXE and capture the output? Thanks!

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• Restore more than 250 files using DPM 2010 and PowerShell

  - by toryan

  I've got what should be a fairly simple task: restore the following files from DPM: D:\inetpub\wwwroot\*\index.* I followed the instructions in this TechNet wiki and pretty much thought I had it. Unfortunately, the New-SearchOption commandlet can only return 250 results, and this search would generate way more results than that. So actually only the first 250 files were restored, which is no use to anybody. Does anyone know of any way to get around the 250 search results limit? I guess it would be possible to get the subdirectories of D:\inetpub\wwwroot and loop through them in turn, but I kind of want to keep this fairly simple as it is only for this task.

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• Disable write-protection on Micro SD

  - by Tim

  My task today is to open up and copy some files to 700 brand new micro SD cards. As I get going on this task I am finding that some of the Micro SD cards are telling me "sorry this drive is write protected" To copy the files I am using a standard SD to micro SD card adapter, and a USB SD card reader / writer. I have ensured that the switch is set to OFF on all of my adapters. As soon as I get a Micro SD that tells me it is write protected I can use the same adapter with another micro SD and it works fine, so I know the problem is not with my adapters. My question is: How can I disable the write protection on a Micro SD card? This eHow article seems to indicate that there is also a physical switch on Micro SD cards. However I have personally never seen a Micro SD with a physical switch, and none of the ones I am using today have said switch. Since these cards are brand new and thus empty are the ones that are telling me they are write protected simply useless? Could this be caused by some sort of defect in the cards?

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• Powershell Remoting: Execute local function on two target servers

  - by icnivad

  I have a function foo on my local Machine. (In my profile, but calling c:\scripts\foo.ps1 would be also OK!) How do i load this on ServerA and ServerB so i can execute the function in the next statement? This is what i tried with no success.. $serverlist = "192.168.20.1", "192.168.20.12" foreach ($item in $serverlist) { New-PSSession -ComputerName "$item" -Credential $cred -Name ($item + "_session") Invoke-Command -ComputerName $item -Credential $cred -filepath scripts:\foo.ps1 Invoke-Command -ComputerName $item -Credential $cred -scriptblock {foo} }

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• Querying Domain Controller objects using Powershell

  - by Neobyte

  Could someone explain to me why this does not work? Import-Module ActiveDirectory $dcs = Get-ADComputer -Filter {DistinguishedName -Like "*Domain Controllers*"} I get no results for this query. Alternatively, could someone suggest a way using the module above that I can generate a list of systems on my domain that are NOT Domain Controllers (which is what I'm eventually trying to achieve). Cheers

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• Install IIS on Server 2003 unattended via PowerShell as a service user (no terminal session)

  - by maik

  I've been racking my brain with this for a bit and figured I would ask here to see if anyone could enlighten me. As the title says, I'm trying to install the IIS role on Server 2003 using an unattended install method launched via a service. We're using RightScale and most of what we want to accomplish is pretty straightforward. I created an unattend file for use with sysocmgr.exe: [Components] iis_common = ON iis_www = ON iis_www_vdir_scripts = ON iis_inetmgr = ON fp_extensions = ON iis_ftp = ON And I invoke it like so: sysocmgr.exe /i:%windir%\inf\sysoc.inf /u:C:\path\to\iis-unattend.txt /r /x /q If I run that from a command prompt while logged in as Administrator it works just fine, but if it runs via RightScript (the RightScale user on the server, which is a local admin) it fails somewhere in the middle and the logs I get are rather unhelpful. The thing is I can do this same thing with the SNMP Client (which is a Windows component, not a server role) and it works with no problems while run via the script service user. My best guess is that sysocmgr.exe is expecting a GUI element to be there during the role installation and since the service user has no terminal session it coughs and dies. That's just a wild stab in the dark.

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• Powershell 2.0 : issue import-Module in a background job

  - by Sobled

  I launch a script in backgroung using Start-Job command. In this script, I load a module using Import-Module. The job stay blocked in the running state at the Import-Module step. The same behaviour occurs when : - dotsourcing a module - loading the module via -InitializationScript Start-Job command. Thanks in advance for your help

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• My PowerShell functions do not appear to be used

  - by Frank

  Hi there, I have a ps1 script in which I define 2 functions as such: function Invoke-Sql([string]$query) { Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $Server -Database $DB -User $User -Password $Password -Query $query } function Get-Queued { Invoke-Sql "Select * From Comment where AwaitsModeration = 1" } I then call the ps1 file by typing it in (it's in a folder in the path, and autocompletion works) However, I cannot start using the functions. I am confused, because when I copy / paste the functions into the console, all is fine and they work. I also have a function defined in my profile, and it works. Where am I thinking wrong, why doesn't it work what I'm trying to do?

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• Nmap XML parsing with Powershell

  - by Craig620

  I am trying to parse the XML output from NMAP and isolate just the hostadddress and the vendor from the osmatch. I've actually done that with the following: select-xml -path nmap.xml -xpath "nmaprun/host/address/@addr|nmaprun/host/os/osmatch/osclass/@vendor" | select -expandproperty node Which produces: #text ----- 10.20.30.1 HP 10.20.30.2 Linux 10.20.30.3 HP What I was not expecting is that it would jam it all into a single column.Silly me would like the address in one column, and the vendor in another column. I Would like: #addr #vendor ----- ------- 10.20.30.1 HP 10.20.30.2 Linux 10.20.30.3 HP In the several hours I spent learning xpath today, I also realized that this file has a single address for each host, but multiple OS guesses for each host. I would also like to use only the first osGuess in the output. Tired using: -xpath "(nmaprun/host/os/osmatch/osclass/@vendor)[1]" But that truncates the whole data set to a single line of output, instead of only limiting the only the first osclass element of each host. Changing the parens to surround only the @vendor element like .../(@vendor)[1] and .../(@vendor[1]) but both fail with "Expression must evaluate to a node-set." Thanks in advance

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• Restore windows powershell to windowed mode

  - by Richard

  How can restore windows power shell to windowed mode? ive set it to open in full screen, however i now cant find a way to restore it to windowed mode.?

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• One-To-Many Powershell Scripts

  - by Matt

  I'm trying to create a script to run as a scheduled task, which will run against multiple servers and retrieve some information. To start with, I populate the list of servers by querying AD for all servers that match a certain set of criteria, using Get-ADComputer. The problem is, the list is returned as an object, which I can't then pass to the New-PSSession list. I have tried converting it to a comma-seperated string by doing the following: foreach ($server in $serverlist) {$newlist += $server.Name + ","} but this still doesn't work. the alternative is to iterate through the list and run the various commands against each server one at a time, but my preference would be to avoid this and run them using one-to-many remoting. UPDATE: To clarify what I want to end up being able to do is using -ComputerName $serverlist, so I want $serverlist to be a string rather than an object. UPDATE 2: Thanks for all the suggestions. Between them and my original method I'm starting to wonder whether -ComputerName can accept a string variable? I've got varying degrees of success getting the list of computers converted to a comma separated string, but no matter how I do it I always get invalid network address.

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• Powershell SQL query--connection string

  - by sean

  I am trying to query several different SQL servers and run a command on each of them. I am unable to get the connection string right. Code, below. I receive the following error:Login failed. The login is from an untrusted domain and cannot be used with Windows authentication. I thought if I passed it the credentials it wouldn't care about the domain. How do I get around this? Thanks in advance. $serverList = @(Get-Content "c:\AllServers.txt") $query = "SELECT COUNT(thing) AS [RowCount] FROM My_table" $Database = "My_DB" # Read a file foreach ( $svr in $serverList ) { $conn=new-object System.Data.SqlClient.SQLConnection $ConnectionString = "Server={0};Database={1};User ID=sa;Password=Password;Integrated Security=True" -f $svr, $Database $conn.ConnectionString=$ConnectionString $conn.Open() $cmd=new-object system.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand($Query,$conn) $conn.Close() }

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• My PowerShell functions do not appear to be registered

  - by Frank

  Hi there, I have a ps1 script in which I define 2 functions as such: function Invoke-Sql([string]$query) { Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $Server -Database $DB -User $User -Password $Password -Query $query } function Get-Queued { Invoke-Sql "Select * From Comment where AwaitsModeration = 1" } I then call the ps1 file by typing it in (it's in a folder in the path, and autocompletion works) However, I cannot start using the functions. I am confused, because when I copy / paste the functions into the console, all is fine and they work. I also have a function defined in my profile, and it works. Where am I thinking wrong, why doesn't it work what I'm trying to do?

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• My powershell script wont save a file when run using Task Scheduler, do I need to specify a specific argument?

  - by EGr

  I have a script that downloads a temporary Excel file, copies parts of it to a new file, and saves it to a specific location on the network. The problem I'm having is that the new file is never created/saved. If I run the script locally (through cmd.exe, powershell, or powershell ise), it WILL save the file locally, or to the network. If I try running the script via a schedule or on-demand via Task Scheduler, the temporary file is created, but the final document is never created or saved. Is there a specific argument I need to pass, or anything I could be doing wrong? This is the command I'm currently using: powershell.exe -file C:\path\to\my\powershell\script\thescript.ps1 Since it calls environment variables, and other variables relative to the scripts positon, I also set "Start in" to C:\path\to\my\powershell\script\

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• have Powershell get-childitem return files only

  - by Frank Schwieterman

  I'd like to use get-childitem recursively, but only have it return files not directories. The best solution I have just doesn't seem natural: gci . *.* -rec | where { $_.GetType().Name -eq "FileInfo" }

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• Deleting entire lines in a text file based on a partial string match with Windows PowerShell

  - by Charles

  So I have several large text files I need to sort through, and remove all occurrences of lines which contain a given keyword. So basically, if I have these lines: This is not a test This is a test Maybe a test Definitely not a test And I run the script with 'not', I need to entirely delete lines 1 and 4. I've been trying with: PS C:\Users\Admin> (Get-Content "D:\Logs\co2.txt") | Foreach-Object {$_ -replace "3*Program*", ""} | Set-Content "D:\Logs\co2.txt" but it only replaces the 'Program' and not the entire line.

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• Getting users LastLogonTime on Live@edu using powershell

  - by Eagles

  I am trying to get a csv file of all users in a Live@edu environment with a LastLogonTime, but I am having some issues here is my script: foreach ($i in (Get-Mailbox -ResultSize unlimited)) { Get-MailboxStatistics -LastLogonTime $i.DistinguishedName | where {$_.LastLogonTime} | select-object MailboxOwnerID,Name,LastLogonTime | export-csv -path "c:\filepath\UserLastLogon.csv" } I get the error: A positional paparameter cannot be found that accepts argument '[email protected],OU=domain.edu,OU=Microsoft Exchange Hosted Organizations,DC=prod,DC=exchangelabs,DC=com'. +Category Info: InvalidArgument: (:) [Get-MailboxStatistics], ParameterBindingException +FullyQualifiedErrorId : PositionalParameterNotFound,Get-MailboxStatistics Any help would be great!

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• PowerShell - Finding all of users' group memberships and kicking it out of them

  - by NirPes

  as title says, I have to find all the groups that the user is a member of, and deleting its membership from all of them. I've tried this: get-adgroup -filter * | where {(Get-ADGroupMember $_ | foreach {$_.PrimarySmtpAdress}) -contains "[email protected]"} but it doesnt return anything (although THERE ARE some items that have to be returned) as for the deletion I found no way to do it, could someone give me an example of a code that does this? Im talking about security groups.

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• Powershell Registry value to be used as variable

  - by CWL

  I am looking on how to return one value from the registry. I only want the AGENTGUID value from this command. $reg=reg query "\\$computer\HKLM\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Network Associates\ePolicy Orchestrator\Agent" /v Agentguid $reg will return this as one line. I only need {F789B761-81BE-4357-830B-368B5B3CF5E5} HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Network Associates\ePolicy Orchestrator\Agent Aentguid REG_SZ {F789B761-81BE-4357-830B-368B5B3CF5E5}

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