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• Is there a command to "manually automount" an attached disk?

  - by cheshirekow

  I have an extra hard drive which I use for backups. The label on its one and only partition is "backup". When I open nautilus and click on "backup" it mounds the drive in "/media/backup", and then there's a little eject button next to it's icon in nautilus. If I manually mount the drive by creating a directory and using "sudo mount /dev/sdx /some/dir", the eject icon still shows up in nautilus, but when I press it I get an error because the device was not mounted via whatever it is that mounts it the other way. What I would like is to be able to do this "mount to /media/backup and enable the eject button" via the command line. The goal is to have the device mounted by a script which needs the drive, but then leave it mounted until I manually eject it... if I want to. P.S. I'm aware that I can have the drive auto mounted at startup, but that's not what I'm looking for here, and I'd like to know if this is possible. Clarification: I'm looking for a command to "mount the drive the way nautilus would". This should create the directory "/media/backup", mount the device to that directory, and then when I press the eject button from nautilus, it should unmount the device and delete the directory.

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• Tester/Doer pattern: Assume the caller conforms to the pattern or be defensive and repeat the check?

  - by Daniel Hilgarth

  Assume a simple class that implements the Tester/Doer pattern: public class FooCommandHandler : ICommandHandler { public bool CanHandle(object command) { return command is FooCommand; } public void Handle(object command) { var fooCommand = (FooCommand)command; // Do something with fooCommand } } Now, if someone doesn't conform to the pattern and calls Handle without verifying the command via CanHandle, the code in Handle throws an exception. However, depending on the actual implementation of Handle this can be a whole range of different exceptions. The following implementation would check CanHandle again in Handle and throw a descriptive exception: public void Handle(object command) { if(!CanHandle(command)) throw new TesterDoerPatternUsageViolationException("Please call CanHandle first"); // actual implementation of handling the command. } This has the advantage that the exception is very descriptive. It has the disadvantage that CanHandle is called twice for "good" clients. Is there a consensus on which variation should be used?

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• How to choose between Tell don't Ask and Command Query Separation?

  - by Dakotah North

  The principle Tell Don't Ask says: you should endeavor to tell objects what you want them to do; do not ask them questions about their state, make a decision, and then tell them what to do. The problem is that, as the caller, you should not be making decisions based on the state of the called object that result in you then changing the state of the object. The logic you are implementing is probably the called object’s responsibility, not yours. For you to make decisions outside the object violates its encapsulation. A simple example of "Tell, don't Ask" is Widget w = ...; if (w.getParent() != null) { Panel parent = w.getParent(); parent.remove(w); } and the tell version is ... Widget w = ...; w.removeFromParent(); But what if I need to know the result from the removeFromParent method? My first reaction was just to change the removeFromParent to return a boolean denoting if the parent was removed or not. But then I came across Command Query Separation Pattern which says NOT to do this. It states that every method should either be a command that performs an action, or a query that returns data to the caller, but not both. In other words, asking a question should not change the answer. More formally, methods should return a value only if they are referentially transparent and hence possess no side effects. Are these two really at odds with each other and how do I choose between the two? Do I go with the Pragmatic Programmer or Bertrand Meyer on this?

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• Oracle SQLPlus: How to display the output of a sqlplus command without having to first issue the spo

  - by ziggy

  Is there a way to display the output of a sqlplus command without having to first issue the spool off command? I am spooling the results of a sqlplus session to a file while at the same time tailing the file. The reason for this is that for table with very long rows the format is easier to look at from a file. The problem is to see the output i have to issue the spool off command everytime i run a command in sqlplus. Can i configure sqlplus so that after i have issued the spool command all the output is viewable straight away on the file. (Formating the way the rows are displayed on the screen is not an option. ) THanks

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• Running a command in a new Mac OS X Terminal window.

  - by Walt D

  Hi, I've been trying to figure out how to run a bash command in a new Max OS X Terminal.app window. As, an example, here's how I would run my command in a new bash process: bash -c "my command here" But this reuses the existing terminal window instead of creating a new one. I want something like: Terminal.app -c "my command here" But of course this doesn't work. I am aware of the "open -a Terminal.app" command, but I don't see how to forward arguments to the terminal, or even if I did what arguments to use. Thanks!

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• How do I add netsh advfirewall context command in Visual Studio 2010 Click Once publishing?

  - by Rivers Edge

  I have a .Net 4.0 Windows application which requires access thru the firewall. I know about the netsh advfirewall firewall command, but I would like very much to have this program allowed at install time (the Click Once deployment). How can I add this command to execute as a post install command, exectuing as Administrator - i.e. The person doing the install does not have to execute the netsh advfirewall command separately or does not have to go to the Firewall and manually add the program in the Allowed list. I cannot find an area in Publish in Visual Studio 2010 to insert a post install command line execution.

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• How to link Cocoa static library to C command line target?

  - by Devara Gudda

  I have static library target, which uses Foundation classes(NSArray,etc) . I want to use this static library in Command line tool target. The command line tool contains only C files. From command line tool I want to call a method exported in static library. So I have modified header search path and linked the static library. When I compile the command line tool it is following linker errors. Undefined symbols: "_OBJC_CLASS_$_NSMutableArray", referenced from: "_objc_msgSend", referenced from: What is the method to link a static library which uses Foundation classes from a command line tool which contains C files? Regards Devara Gudda

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• What is the representation of the mac command key in the terminal?

  - by freethinker

  Like control key is represented by a '^' in the terminal, what is the equivalent for the command key (mac)? I am trying to remap my bash shortcuts using stty For eg stty eof ^D But instead of control, I want to use the command key. EDIT: Okay so the issue I was trying to solve was that I wanted to interchange command and control keys because I work on osx and linux and the different key combinations cause me a lot of pain. So I interchanged the modifier keys using osx preferences. But now all the bash shortcuts like Ctrl+C etc had become equivalent of using the key sequences 'cmd+c' - which is not acceptable. Thankfully iTerm2, supports remapping of modifier keys as well, so for iterm2 I reversed them again which means iTerm2 recognizes command as command and control as control. So problem solved for now.

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• CVS in cmd/gui works only the third time I run a command.

  - by Somebody still uses you MS-DOS

  I'm using CVS in the command line. I'm in my repository folder. When I call a CVS command, I get... cvs [log aborted]: unrecognized auth response from localhost: -f [pserver aborted]: /opt/cvs/XXXXXX: no such repository ...2 times. The third time I run the command, it works with no problems. I tried to use a GUI client (CrossVC) and the same problem occurs. I tried inside gVim and Vim using VCSCommand and I'm having the same issues as well. I've tested with different times between each command, but I still have the same problems. I'm using a CVS configuration with stunnel. Why am I having problem with this setup? Why every time just the third time that I try to run the command that actually works?

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• How do I can linux flock command to prevent another root process deleting a file?

  - by Danmaxis

  Hello there, I would like to prevent one of my root process from deleting a certaing file. So I came across the flock command, it seems to fit my need, but I didnt get its sintax. If I only indicate a shared lock, it doesnt work: flock -s "./file.xml" If I add a timeout parameter, it still doesnt work flock -s -w5 "./file.xml" It seems that way, it fits in flock [-sxun][-w #] fd# way. (What is this fd# parameter?) So, I tried the flock [-sxon][-w #] file [-c] command Using flock -s -w5 "./file.xml" -c "tail -3 ./file.xml" and it worked, tail command at ./file.xml was executed. But I would like to know, does the lock end after the command or does it last 5 seconds after the end of the command execution? My main question is, how can I prevent another root process deleting a file in linux?

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• Receive MMS images and make album using iamge using j2me

  - by Abdul Basit

  I am trying to made application which receive MMS images and make a album from them user can view the pictures while running this application. I am facing problem while running application on mobile. while this application is fully working in wireless tookit emulator. Please guide me to fix this problem.`//package hello; import javax.microedition.midlet.; import javax.microedition.lcdui.; import javax.wireless.messaging.*; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Vector; import javax.microedition.io.Connector; import javax.microedition.lcdui.Display; //, ItemStateListener public class MMSS extends MIDlet implements CommandListener, Runnable, MessageListener { //-----------------------------------Receive MMS --------------------------- private Thread mReceiver = null; private boolean mEndNow = false; private Message msg = null; String msgReceived = null; private Image[] receivedImage = new Image[5]; private Command mExitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 2); private Command mRedCommand = new Command("Back", Command.SCREEN, 1); private Command mBlueCommand = new Command("Next", Command.SCREEN, 1); private Command mPlay = new Command("Play", Command.SCREEN, 1); protected static final String DEFAULT_IMAGE = "/MMSS_logo.jpg"; //protected static final String DEFAULT_IMAGE = "/wait.png"; private Display mDisplay = null; //protected ImageItem mColorSquare = null; protected Image mInitialImage = null; private String mAppID = "MMSMIDlet"; private TextField imageName = null; //private Form mForm = null; private int count = 0; private int next = 0; private Integer mMonitor = new Integer(0); //----------------------------------- End Receive MMS --------------------------- private boolean midletPaused = false; private Command exitCommand; private Command exitCommand1; private Command backCommand; private Form form; private StringItem stringItem; private ImageItem imageItem; private Image image1; private Alert alert; private List locationList; private Alert cannotAddLocationAlert; public MMSS() { } /** * Initilizes the application. * It is called only once when the MIDlet is started. The method is called before the startMIDlet method. */ private void initialize() { } /** * Performs an action assigned to the Mobile Device - MIDlet Started point. */ public void startMIDlet() { // write pre-action user code here switchDisplayable(null, getForm()); // write post-action user code here } /** * Performs an action assigned to the Mobile Device - MIDlet Resumed point. */ public void resumeMIDlet() { } /** * Switches a current displayable in a display. The display instance is taken from getDisplay method. This method is used by all actions in the design for switching displayable. * @param alert the Alert which is temporarily set to the display; if null, then nextDisplayable is set immediately * @param nextDisplayable the Displayable to be set / public void switchDisplayable(Alert alert, Displayable nextDisplayable) {//GEN-END:|5-switchDisplayable|0|5-preSwitch // write pre-switch user code here Display display = getDisplay();//GEN-BEGIN:|5-switchDisplayable|1|5-postSwitch if (alert == null) { display.setCurrent(nextDisplayable); } else { display.setCurrent(alert, nextDisplayable); } } /* * Called by a system to indicated that a command has been invoked on a particular displayable. * @param command the Command that was invoked * @param displayable the Displayable where the command was invoked */ public void commandAction(Command command, Displayable displayable) { // write pre-action user code here if (displayable == form) { if (command == exitCommand) { // write pre-action user code here exitMIDlet(); // write post-action user code here } } // write post-action user code here } /** * Returns an initiliazed instance of exitCommand component. * @return the initialized component instance */ public Command getExitCommand() { if (exitCommand == null) { // write pre-init user code here exitCommand = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 0); // write post-init user code here } return exitCommand; } /** * Returns an initiliazed instance of form component. * @return the initialized component instance */ public Form getForm() { if (form == null) { // write pre-init user code here form = new Form("Welcome to MMSS", new Item[] { getStringItem(), getImageItem() }); form.addCommand(getExitCommand()); form.setCommandListener(this); // write post-init user code here } return form; } /** * Returns an initiliazed instance of stringItem component. * @return the initialized component instance */ public StringItem getStringItem() { if (stringItem == null) { // write pre-init user code here stringItem = new StringItem("Hello", "Hello, World!"); // write post-init user code here } return stringItem; } /** * Returns an initiliazed instance of exitCommand1 component. * @return the initialized component instance / public Command getExitCommand1() { if (exitCommand1 == null) { // write pre-init user code here exitCommand1 = new Command("Exit", Command.EXIT, 0); // write post-init user code here } return exitCommand1; } /* * Returns an initiliazed instance of imageItem component. * @return the initialized component instance */ public ImageItem getImageItem() { if (imageItem == null) { // write pre-init user code here imageItem = new ImageItem("imageItem", getImage1(), ImageItem.LAYOUT_CENTER | Item.LAYOUT_TOP | Item.LAYOUT_BOTTOM | Item.LAYOUT_VCENTER | Item.LAYOUT_EXPAND | Item.LAYOUT_VEXPAND, "");//GEN-LINE:|26-getter|1|26-postInit // write post-init user code here } return imageItem; } /** * Returns an initiliazed instance of image1 component. * @return the initialized component instance */ public Image getImage1() { if (image1 == null) { // write pre-init user code here try { image1 = Image.createImage("/B.jpg"); } catch (java.io.IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } // write post-init user code here } return image1; } /** * Returns a display instance. * @return the display instance. */ public Display getDisplay () { return Display.getDisplay(this); } /** * Exits MIDlet. */ public void exitMIDlet() { switchDisplayable (null, null); destroyApp(true); notifyDestroyed(); } /** * Called when MIDlet is started. * Checks whether the MIDlet have been already started and initialize/starts or resumes the MIDlet. */ public void startApp() { if (midletPaused) { resumeMIDlet (); } else { initialize (); startMIDlet (); } midletPaused = false; /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// try { conn = (MessageConnection) Connector.open("mms://:" + mAppID); conn.setMessageListener(this); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("startApp caught: "); e.printStackTrace(); } if (conn != null) { startReceive(); } /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// } /** * Called when MIDlet is paused. */ public void pauseApp() { midletPaused = true; mEndNow = true; try { conn.setMessageListener(null); conn.close(); } catch (IOException ex) { System.out.println("pausetApp caught: "); ex.printStackTrace(); } } /** * Called to signal the MIDlet to terminate. * @param unconditional if true, then the MIDlet has to be unconditionally terminated and all resources has to be released. */ public void destroyApp(boolean unconditional) { mEndNow = true; try { conn.close(); } catch (IOException ex) { System.out.println("destroyApp caught: "); ex.printStackTrace(); } } private void startReceive() { mEndNow = false; //---- Start receive thread mReceiver = new Thread(this); mReceiver.start(); } protected MessageConnection conn = null; protected int mMsgAvail = 0; // -------------------- Get Next Images ------------------------------------ private void getMessage() { synchronized(mMonitor) { mMsgAvail++; mMonitor.notify(); } } // -------------------- Display Images Thread ------------------------------ public void notifyIncomingMessage(MessageConnection msgConn) { if (msgConn == conn) getMessage(); } public void itemStateChanged(Item item) { throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet."); } class SetImage implements Runnable { private Image img = null; public SetImage(Image inImg) { img = inImg; } public void run() { imageItem.setImage(img); imageName.setString(Integer.toString(count)); } } public void run() { mMsgAvail = 0; while (!mEndNow) { synchronized(mMonitor) { // Enter monitor if (mMsgAvail <= 0) try { mMonitor.wait(); } catch (InterruptedException ex) { } mMsgAvail--; } try { msg = conn.receive(); if (msg instanceof MultipartMessage) { MultipartMessage mpm = (MultipartMessage)msg; MessagePart[] parts = mpm.getMessageParts(); if (parts != null) { for (int i = 0; i < parts.length; i++) { MessagePart mp = parts[i]; byte[] ba = mp.getContent(); receivedImage[count] = Image.createImage(ba, 0, ba.length); } Display.getDisplay(this).callSerially(new SetImage(receivedImage[count])); } } } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("Receive thread caught: "); e.printStackTrace(); } count++; } // of while } } `

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• Is SQLDataReader slower than using the command line utility sqlcmd?

  - by Andrew

  I was recently advocating to a colleague that we replace some C# code that uses the sqlcmd command line utility with a SqlDataReader. The old code uses: System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo procStartInfo = new System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo("cmd", "/c " + sqlCmd); wher sqlCmd is something like "sqlcmd -S " + serverName + " -y 0 -h-1 -Q " + "\"" + "USE [" + database + "]" + ";+ txtQuery.Text +"\"";\ The results are then parsed using regular expressions. I argued that using a SQLDataReader woud be more in line with industry practices, easier to debug and maintain and probably faster. However, the SQLDataReader approach is at least the same speed and quite possibly slower. I believe I'm doing everything correctly with SQLDataReader. The code is: using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection()) { try { SqlConnectionStringBuilder builder = new SqlConnectionStringBuilder(connectionString); connection.ConnectionString = builder.ToString(); ; SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(queryString, connection); connection.Open(); SqlDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader(); // do stuff w/ reader reader.Close(); } catch (Exception ex) { outputMessage += (ex.Message); } } I've used System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch to time both approaches and the command line utility (called from C# code) does seem faster (20-40%?). The SqlDataReader has the neat feature that when the same code is called again, it's lightening fast, but for this application we don't anticipate that. I have already done some research on this problem. I note that the command line utility sqlcmd uses OLE DB technology to hit the database. Is that faster than ADO.NET? I'm really suprised, especially since the command line utility approach involves starting up a process. I really thought it would be slower. Any thoughts? Thanks, Dave

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• How do I connect to a Java command-line tool with the YourKit Java Profiler?

  - by Daryl Spitzer

  I've build a command-line tool in Java, which I would now like to profile with YourKit. I launch the command-line tool with something like: $ java -classpath .:foo.bar.jar com.foobar.tools.TheTool arg1 arg2 arg3 It runs to completion in less than 2 seconds. After reading http://www.yourkit.com/docs/80/help/agent.jsp, I tried the following: $ java -agentpath:/home/dspitzer/yjp-8.0.24/bin/linux-x86-32/libyjpagent.so -classpath .:foo.bar.jar com.foobar.tools.TheTool arg1 arg2 arg3 ...and I get: [YourKit Java Profiler 8.0.24] JVMTI version 3001016d; 14.3-b01; Sun Microsystems Inc.; mixed mode, sharing; Linux; 32-bit JVM [YourKit Java Profiler 8.0.24] Profiler agent is listening on port 10001... [YourKit Java Profiler 8.0.24] *** HINT ***: To get profiling results, connect to the application from the profiler UI ... But I guess YourKit is designed to only connect to running application. How should I modify my command-line tool to allow connection from YourKit? I could add a command-line option that will have it pause for input, and I won't press return for it to continue until I've connected to it from YourKit. Is there a YourKit API that I could add to my tool that would cause it to block until I've connected with YourKit? Is there a YourKit API or a java command-line option that would create a profiling "snapshot" that I could load and analyze later (after the command-line tool has completed) with YourKit?

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• How to determine if a package is a meta-package from the command line?

  - by cirosantilli

  How can I determine if a package is a meta-package from the command line, possibly via apt-get, aptitude or apt-cache? I have tried: apt-cache show texlive-full apt-cache showpkg texlive-full but the only way I can tell this package is meta is by reading the "en-description" field. Is there a more automatic way of doing this, that will give me a yes/no response, or at least have a field such as then "en-description" dedicated to this?

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• Can I prevent an IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command to a specific device at boot?

  - by Brian Spisak

  This is related to a previous question related to installation that is now resolved. I'm opening a new question, because I still need to get my DVD drive working. Problem: Failed boot when my ASUS DRW-24B1/ST DVD drive is attached to my asmedia ASM1061. Symptom: ata8.00: exception Emask 0x52 Sact 0x0 SErr 0xffffffff action 0xe frozen ata8: SError: { blah blah } ata8.00: failed command: IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE ata8.00: cmd blah blah res blah blah (ATA bus error) ata8.00: status: { DRDY } ata8: hard resetting link Background: The ASM1061 is a PCIe to SATA bridge providing 2 x 6Gb/s ports and is supposed to be fully compliant to SATA specs. I just discovered in the fine print of my ASUS P8Z77-V pro motherboard that "These SATA ports are for data hard drivers only. ATAPI devices are not supported." However, I have already installed Windows 7 using this drive and I can run the Ubuntu 12.04 installer from it as well. The only time I have a problem is during Ubuntu boot when it tries an IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE which seems to be an ATAPI command. I can't simply switch this device to another SATA port because they are already allocated to other devices. (My chipset's 2 x 6Gb/s are connected to my boot SSD and a fast HDD while the 4 x 3Gb/s ports are running a RAID 5 array.) If this can't be fixed or worked around, I suppose I'll have to go buy SATA add-in card. Blech. Thoughts: If indeed this is a device specific issue (that it doesn't support ATAPI discovery) then I can't expect - is it udev? - to work with it. But, it seems that Windows and even the Ubuntu installer work just fine. So why does udev have a problem? At the end of the day, it would be nice to have the DVD working under Ubuntu, but I can live without it. But, as this is a dual-boot machine, I can't physically disconnect it because I want it to work with Windows. (And physically disconnecting it every time I want to boot Ubuntu is NOT an option. ;-) Questions: Should this be considered a bug? My feelings are that if it works with other OS that it should probably work with Ubuntu as well. How can I work around this problem? I have a limited knowledge of linux internals, but it seems I should be able to somehow tell udev (or whatever is doing the discovery) to ignore that device. Is there a way?

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• How can I change the language order by command-line (or text editor)?

  - by KIAaze

  How can I change the language order by command-line (or text editor)? i.e. without using the graphical "gnome-language-selector". (Or is there a better GUI which allows you to select multiple language entries and move them all to another position directly, without having to do it one by one?) Alternatively: Where are the user-specific language settings stored? i.e. the /etc/default/locale for users.

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• Nagios returns "No output returned from plugin" running process

  - by user56291

  I have a nagios server and a bunch of nagios clients that i currently monitor. All the clients are setup with the following nrpe configuration. check_users, check_load... metrics are successfully displayed on the nagios interface but check_nginx and check_server_proxy displayed as "Unknown"-(No output returned from plugin). As far as i understood nagios simply runs ps command and looks for either the argument strings or the name of the command to verify whether the service is running. Also with -c flag, one can give nagios a threshold to determine the output (ie: -c 1 returns 'OK' for if it finds at least 1 process.) nrpe_local.cfg: ###################################### # Do any local nrpe configuration here ###################################### allowed_hosts =127.0.0.1,10.0.2.181 command[check_users]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_users -w 5 -c 10 command[check_load]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20 command[check_all_disks]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z command[check_total_procs]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w 150 -c 200 command[check_swap]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_swap -w 50% -c 25% command[check_server_proxy]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -c 1 -a "api-v1/server.js" command[check_nginx]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -c 1:30 -C nginx nagios_server.cfg ... define host{ use generic-host ; Name of host template to use host_name plum alias plum address 10.0.2.88 check_command check-host-alive-by-ssh } ... #Check api-proxy-server define service{ use generic-service host_name plum service_description check api proxy service check_command check_nrpe!check_server_proxy } define service { use generic-service ; Name of service template to use host_name plum service_description CHECK_NGINX check_period 24x7 max_check_attempts 3 normal_check_interval 5 retry_check_interval 3 check_command check_nrpe!check_nginx notifications_enabled 1 } Also when i run the command on the nagios client: /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_procs -c 1 -a "api-v1/server.js" I get the desired output PROCS OK: 1 process with args 'api-v1/server.js' I would really appreciate any pointers that might help me solve why it nrpe command does not return the desired output on the nagios server panel.

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• How to Run Low-Cost Minecraft on a Raspberry Pi for Block Building on the Cheap

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  We’ve shown you how to run your own blocktastic personal Minecraft server on a Windows/OSX box, but what if you crave something lighter weight, more energy efficient, and always ready for your friends? Read on as we turn a tiny Raspberry Pi machine into a low-cost Minecraft server you can leave on 24/7 for around a penny a day. Why Do I Want to Do This? There’s two aspects to this tutorial, running your own Minecraft server and specifically running that Minecraft server on a Raspberry Pi. Why would you want to run your own Minecraft server? It’s a really great way to extend and build upon the Minecraft play experience. You can leave the server running when you’re not playing so friends and family can join and continue building your world. You can mess around with game variables and introduce mods in a way that isn’t possible when you’re playing the stand-alone game. It also gives you the kind of control over your multiplayer experience that using public servers doesn’t, without incurring the cost of hosting a private server on a remote host. While running a Minecraft server on its own is appealing enough to a dedicated Minecraft fan, running it on the Raspberry Pi is even more appealing. The tiny little Pi uses so little resources that you can leave your Minecraft server running 24/7 for a couple bucks a year. Aside from the initial cost outlay of the Pi, an SD card, and a little bit of time setting it up, you’ll have an always-on Minecraft server at a monthly cost of around one gumball. What Do I Need? For this tutorial you’ll need a mix of hardware and software tools; aside from the actual Raspberry Pi and SD card, everything is free. 1 Raspberry Pi (preferably a 512MB model) 1 4GB+ SD card This tutorial assumes that you have already familiarized yourself with the Raspberry Pi and have installed a copy of the Debian-derivative Raspbian on the device. If you have not got your Pi up and running yet, don’t worry! Check out our guide, The HTG Guide to Getting Started with Raspberry Pi, to get up to speed. Optimizing Raspbian for the Minecraft Server Unlike other builds we’ve shared where you can layer multiple projects over one another (e.g. the Pi is more than powerful enough to serve as a weather/email indicator and a Google Cloud Print server at the same time) running a Minecraft server is a pretty intense operation for the little Pi and we’d strongly recommend dedicating the entire Pi to the process. Minecraft seems like a simple game, with all its blocky-ness and what not, but it’s actually a pretty complex game beneath the simple skin and required a lot of processing power. As such, we’re going to tweak the configuration file and other settings to optimize Rasbian for the job. The first thing you’ll need to do is dig into the Raspi-Config application to make a few minor changes. If you’re installing Raspbian fresh, wait for the last step (which is the Raspi-Config), if you already installed it, head to the terminal and type in “sudo raspi-config” to launch it again. One of the first and most important things we need to attend to is cranking up the overclock setting. We need all the power we can get to make our Minecraft experience enjoyable. In Raspi-Config, select option number 7 “Overclock”. Be prepared for some stern warnings about overclocking, but rest easy knowing that overclocking is directly supported by the Raspberry Pi foundation and has been included in the configuration options since late 2012. Once you’re in the actual selection screen, select “Turbo 1000MhHz”. Again, you’ll be warned that the degree of overclocking you’ve selected carries risks (specifically, potential corruption of the SD card, but no risk of actual hardware damage). Click OK and wait for the device to reset. Next, make sure you’re set to boot to the command prompt, not the desktop. Select number 3 “Enable Boot to Desktop/Scratch”  and make sure “Console Text console” is selected. Back at the Raspi-Config menu, select number 8 “Advanced Options’. There are two critical changes we need to make in here and one option change. First, the critical changes. Select A3 “Memory Split”: Change the amount of memory available to the GPU to 16MB (down from the default 64MB). Our Minecraft server is going to ruin in a GUI-less environment; there’s no reason to allocate any more than the bare minimum to the GPU. After selecting the GPU memory, you’ll be returned to the main menu. Select “Advanced Options” again and then select A4 “SSH”. Within the sub-menu, enable SSH. There is very little reason to keep this Pi connected to a monitor and keyboard, by enabling SSH we can remotely access the machine from anywhere on the network. Finally (and optionally) return again to the “Advanced Options” menu and select A2 “Hostname”. Here you can change your hostname from “raspberrypi” to a more fitting Minecraft name. We opted for the highly creative hostname “minecraft”, but feel free to spice it up a bit with whatever you feel like: creepertown, minecraft4life, or miner-box are all great minecraft server names. That’s it for the Raspbian configuration tab down to the bottom of the main screen and select “Finish” to reboot. After rebooting you can now SSH into your terminal, or continue working from the keyboard hooked up to your Pi (we strongly recommend switching over to SSH as it allows you to easily cut and paste the commands). If you’ve never used SSH before, check out how to use PuTTY with your Pi here. Installing Java on the Pi The Minecraft server runs on Java, so the first thing we need to do on our freshly configured Pi is install it. Log into your Pi via SSH and then, at the command prompt, enter the following command to make a directory for the installation: sudo mkdir /java/ Now we need to download the newest version of Java. At the time of this publication the newest release is the OCT 2013 update and the link/filename we use will reflect that. Please check for a more current version of the Linux ARMv6/7 Java release on the Java download page and update the link/filename accordingly when following our instructions. At the command prompt, enter the following command: sudo wget --no-check-certificate http://www.java.net/download/jdk8/archive/b111/binaries/jdk-8-ea-b111-linux-arm-vfp-hflt-09_oct_2013.tar.gz Once the download has finished successfully, enter the following command: sudo tar zxvf jdk-8-ea-b111-linux-arm-vfp-hflt-09_oct_2013.tar.gz -C /opt/ Fun fact: the /opt/ directory name scheme is a remnant of early Unix design wherein the /opt/ directory was for “optional” software installed after the main operating system; it was the /Program Files/ of the Unix world. After the file has finished extracting, enter: sudo /opt/jdk1.8.0/bin/java -version This command will return the version number of your new Java installation like so: java version "1.8.0-ea" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0-ea-b111) Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 25.0-b53, mixed mode) If you don’t see the above printout (or a variation thereof if you’re using a newer version of Java), try to extract the archive again. If you do see the readout, enter the following command to tidy up after yourself: sudo rm jdk-8-ea-b111-linux-arm-vfp-hflt-09_oct_2013.tar.gz At this point Java is installed and we’re ready to move onto installing our Minecraft server! Installing and Configuring the Minecraft Server Now that we have a foundation for our Minecraft server, it’s time to install the part that matter. We’ll be using SpigotMC a lightweight and stable Minecraft server build that works wonderfully on the Pi. First, grab a copy of the the code with the following command: sudo wget http://ci.md-5.net/job/Spigot/lastSuccessfulBuild/artifact/Spigot-Server/target/spigot.jar This link should remain stable over time, as it points directly to the most current stable release of Spigot, but if you have any issues you can always reference the SpigotMC download page here. After the download finishes successfully, enter the following command: sudo /opt/jdk1.8.0/bin/java -Xms256M -Xmx496M -jar /home/pi/spigot.jar nogui Note: if you’re running the command on a 256MB Pi change the 256 and 496 in the above command to 128 and 256, respectively. Your server will launch and a flurry of on-screen activity will follow. Be prepared to wait around 3-6 minutes or so for the process of setting up the server and generating the map to finish. Future startups will take much less time, around 20-30 seconds. Note: If at any point during the configuration or play process things get really weird (e.g. your new Minecraft server freaks out and starts spawning you in the Nether and killing you instantly), use the “stop” command at the command prompt to gracefully shutdown the server and let you restart and troubleshoot it. After the process has finished, head over to the computer you normally play Minecraft on, fire it up, and click on Multiplayer. You should see your server: If your world doesn’t popup immediately during the network scan, hit the Add button and manually enter the address of your Pi. Once you connect to the server, you’ll see the status change in the server status window: According to the server, we’re in game. According to the actual Minecraft app, we’re also in game but it’s the middle of the night in survival mode: Boo! Spawning in the dead of night, weaponless and without shelter is no way to start things. No worries though, we need to do some more configuration; no time to sit around and get shot at by skeletons. Besides, if you try and play it without some configuration tweaks first, you’ll likely find it quite unstable. We’re just here to confirm the server is up, running, and accepting incoming connections. Once we’ve confirmed the server is running and connectable (albeit not very playable yet), it’s time to shut down the server. Via the server console, enter the command “stop” to shut everything down. When you’re returned to the command prompt, enter the following command: sudo nano server.properties When the configuration file opens up, make the following changes (or just cut and paste our config file minus the first two lines with the name and date stamp): #Minecraft server properties #Thu Oct 17 22:53:51 UTC 2013 generator-settings= #Default is true, toggle to false allow-nether=false level-name=world enable-query=false allow-flight=false server-port=25565 level-type=DEFAULT enable-rcon=false force-gamemode=false level-seed= server-ip= max-build-height=256 spawn-npcs=true white-list=false spawn-animals=true texture-pack= snooper-enabled=true hardcore=false online-mode=true pvp=true difficulty=1 player-idle-timeout=0 gamemode=0 #Default 20; you only need to lower this if you're running #a public server and worried about loads. max-players=20 spawn-monsters=true #Default is 10, 3-5 ideal for Pi view-distance=5 generate-structures=true spawn-protection=16 motd=A Minecraft Server In the server status window, seen through your SSH connection to the pi, enter the following command to give yourself operator status on your Minecraft server (so that you can use more powerful commands in game, without always returning to the server status window). op [your minecraft nickname] At this point things are looking better but we still have a little tweaking to do before the server is really enjoyable. To that end, let’s install some plugins. The first plugin, and the one you should install above all others, is NoSpawnChunks. To install the plugin, first visit the NoSpawnChunks webpage and grab the download link for the most current version. As of this writing the current release is v0.3. Back at the command prompt (the command prompt of your Pi, not the server console–if your server is still active shut it down) enter the following commands: cd /home/pi/plugins sudo wget http://dev.bukkit.org/media/files/586/974/NoSpawnChunks.jar Next, visit the ClearLag plugin page, and grab the latest link (as of this tutorial, it’s v2.6.0). Enter the following at the command prompt: sudo wget http://dev.bukkit.org/media/files/743/213/Clearlag.jar Because the files aren’t compressed in a .ZIP or similar container, that’s all there is to it: the plugins are parked in the plugin directory. (Remember this for future plugin downloads, the file needs to be whateverplugin.jar, so if it’s compressed you need to uncompress it in the plugin directory.) Resart the server: sudo /opt/jdk1.8.0/bin/java -Xms256M -Xmx496M -jar /home/pi/spigot.jar nogui Be prepared for a slightly longer startup time (closer to the 3-6 minutes and much longer than the 30 seconds you just experienced) as the plugins affect the world map and need a minute to massage everything. After the spawn process finishes, type the following at the server console: plugins This lists all the plugins currently active on the server. You should see something like this: If the plugins aren’t loaded, you may need to stop and restart the server. After confirming your plugins are loaded, go ahead and join the game. You should notice significantly snappier play. In addition, you’ll get occasional messages from the plugins indicating they are active, as seen below: At this point Java is installed, the server is installed, and we’ve tweaked our settings for for the Pi.  It’s time to start building with friends!     

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• How to get top command output to show rake arguments?

  - by wbharding

  In the past, all of our servers have automatically shown command arguments passed to rake when we view them in top. For example: But on this particular server, we get this instead (picture is top running, showing the rake command, but not showing any of the arguments that had been passed to rake): Both servers are running Ubuntu (though the server without rake commands is a newer flavor of ubuntu). Both run rake through ruby enterprise edition (as powered by rvm). Can't seem to find any documentation on how top chooses what to show in the "command" column, other than the obvious "more data/less data" toggle (all screenshots are shown with the extra data enabled. Anyone encountered anything similar to this?

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• FTP "PUT" fails from Virtual Machine, but not host PC: 504 Command not implemented for that paramete

  - by BrianH

  I have an FTP Script I'm using to automate a file transfer. The transfer works fine on my PC (XP SP2), but when I try and run it on a VM on my PC (XP SP2), the "put" commands gives off: 504 Command not implemented for that parameter. FTP File: open [ftp site] [username] [password] cd [directory on FTP server] binary hash put ..\[subfolder1]\[Subfolder2]\[subfolder3]\[filename] bye The FTP site/server is around the world, and not under my control. From what I understand of a 504, that means the command should NEVER work, but since the same script DOES work on my PC (hosting the VM), that eliminates syntax, file naming, etc. The put command when triggered from the VM, actually creates a 0 length file on the target FTP server, but doesn't populate the file.

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• How can I delete a specific file from a set of results using the find command in Linux?

  - by PeanutsMonkey

  I have the following command that lists all files with the extension doc, docx, etc. find . -maxdepth 1 -iname \*.doc\* The command returns numerous files some of which I would like to delete. So for example the results returned are Example.docx Dummydata.doc Sample.doc I would like to delete Sample.doc and Dummydata.docx. How do I delete the files using the -exec option. Am I able to pass in the names of the files e.g. rm Dummydata.docx Sample.doc hence the command would look as follows find . -maxdepth 1 -iname \*.doc\* -exec rm Dummydata.docx Sample.doc Can I pass the names of the files within {} afterrm`? e.g. find . -maxdepth 1 -iname \*.doc\* -exec rm {Dummydata.docx} Sample.doc Is there a better way of doing it?

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• What's the utility of the return command in autohotkey?

  - by Shashank Sawant

  In the instances where the return command returns a value, the utility is obvious. I have seen the return command being used even when it is seemingly unnecessary. Let me show the following examples: Example 1: Loop { if a_index > 25 break ; Terminate the loop if a_index < 20 continue ; Skip the below and start a new iteration MsgBox, a_index = %a_index% ; This will display only the numbers 20 through 25 } Example 2: IfWinExist, Untitled - Notepad { WinActivate ; Automatically uses the window found above. return } Why is the return command used in Example 2 but is not used in Example 1? Both examples are copy-pasted/modified-pasted from the autohotkey.com's documentation.

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• How can I copy the output from a remote command into the local clipboard?

  - by cwd

  I use iTerm2 as my terminal client in Mac OS X. On the local system I can use pbcopy and pbpaste to transfer data between the system clipboard and the terminal, but of course this doesn't work when you're ssh'ed to another machine. Is there some way which I can take the result of a command and copy it to the clipboard automatically? Perhaps an applescript to grab the text on the iTerm windows, then get the next to last line? For instance, if I wanted to copy the current working directory: I run pwd, then use the mouse to select the text, and then press command + c. Is there any better / faster / automatic way of doing this? I'm not looking for a bulletproof solution that would work for every command (eg: might not work when there is a huge scrollback) - I'm just looking for something to make this task that I do quite often a little less tedious. Update I'm looking into using screen to do this, but I'm still not sure if it is possible.

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• windows 2003 download utility from command line , http or ftp or any other protocol , from one comma

  - by Michael

  Hello , I need to know if there is anyway utility bult-in windows 2003 that I can use from the command line to download a file using only one command. Basically I know that I can download from ftp using the "ftp" utility but in order to do that I need to do first "ftp open" and then pass the other commands so it doesn't help me because I need to do perform the download only from one command. The download may be performed through http, ftp or any other protocol. OS Name: Microsoft(R) Windows(R) Server 2003 Enterprise x64 Editio OS Version: 5.2.3790 Service Pack 2 Build 379 Thank you in advance for any answer !

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• Chef command to create new ec2 instance with second ebs volume attached and mounted instead of the default ephemeral volume?

  - by runamok

  We currently use this command to create a new ec2 instance with chef: knife ec2 server create --node-name=prod-apache-1 --availability-zone us-east-1c --image ami-3d4ff254 --distro ubuntu12.04-gems --groups "default" --ssh-key foo --identity-file ~/.ssh/id_rsa --ssh-user ubuntu --flavor m1.small After this command we then run further chef commands to finish provisioning the server. I was wondering if it would be possible while first setting up the instance I wanted a 100 gb volume created and mounted at /mnt and to have the ephemeral storage mounted at /tmp or /mnt-ephemeral instead. If not what further commands in chef would you advise running? I know how to do this via the aws console and can probably figure out how to do it via the ec2 command line tools but I am knew to chef and a bit overwhelmed.

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