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  • how to change string values in dictionary to int values

    - by tom smith
    I have a dictionary such as: {'Sun': {'Satellites': 'Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,Neptune,Ceres,Pluto,Haumea,Makemake,Eris', 'Orbital Radius': '0', 'Object': 'Sun', 'RootObject': 'Sun', 'Radius': '20890260'}, 'Earth': {'Period': '365.256363004', 'Satellites': 'Moon', 'Orbital Radius': '77098290', 'Radius': '63710.41000.0', 'Object': 'Earth'}, 'Moon': {'Period': '27.321582', 'Orbital Radius': '18128500', 'Radius': '1737000.10', 'Object': 'Moon'}} I am wondering how to change just the number values to ints instead of strings. def read_next_object(file): obj = {} for line in file: if not line.strip(): continue line = line.strip() key, val = line.split(": ") if key in obj and key == "Object": yield obj obj = {} obj[key] = val yield obj planets = {} with open( "smallsolar.txt", 'r') as f: for obj in read_next_object(f): planets[obj["Object"]] = obj print(planets)

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  • How do I initialize attributes when I instantiate objects in Rails?

    - by nfm
    Clients have many Invoices. Invoices have a number attribute that I want to initialize by incrementing the client's previous invoice number. For example: @client = Client.find(1) @client.last_invoice_number > 14 @invoice = @client.invoices.build @invoice.number > 15 I want to get this functionality into my Invoice model, but I'm not sure how to. Here's what I'm imagining the code to be like: class Invoice < ActiveRecord::Base ... def initialize(attributes = {}) client = Client.find(attributes[:client_id]) attributes[:number] = client.last_invoice_number + 1 client.update_attributes(:last_invoice_number => client.last_invoice_number + 1) end end However, attributes[:client_id] isn't set when I call @client.invoices.build. How and when is the invoice's client_id initialized, and when can I use it to initialize the invoice's number? Can I get this logic into the model, or will I have to put it in the controller?

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  • Simulating C-style for loops in python

    - by YGA
    (even the title of this is going to cause flames, I realize) Python made the deliberate design choice to have the for loop use explicit iterables, with the benefit of considerably simplified code in most cases. However, sometimes it is quite a pain to construct an iterable if your test case and update function are complicated, and so I find myself writing the following while loops: val = START_VAL while <awkward/complicated test case>: # do stuff ... val = <awkward/complicated update> The problem with this is that the update is at the bottom of the while block, meaning that if I want to have a continue embedded somewhere in it I have to: use duplicate code for the complicated/awkard update, AND run the risk of forgetting it and having my code infinite loop I could go the route of hand-rolling a complicated iterator: def complicated_iterator(val): while <awkward/complicated test case>: yeild val val = <awkward/complicated update> for val in complicated_iterator(start_val): if <random check>: continue # no issues here # do stuff This strikes me as waaaaay too verbose and complicated. Do folks in stack overflow have a simpler suggestion?

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  • How can I draw a log-normalized imshow plot with a colorbar representing the raw data in matplotlib

    - by Adam Fraser
    I'm using matplotlib to plot log-normalized images but I would like the original raw image data to be represented in the colorbar rather than the [0-1] interval. I get the feeling there's a more matplotlib'y way of doing this by using some sort of normalization object and not transforming the data beforehand... in any case, there could be negative values in the raw image. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np def log_transform(im): '''returns log(image) scaled to the interval [0,1]''' try: (min, max) = (im[im > 0].min(), im.max()) if (max > min) and (max > 0): return (np.log(im.clip(min, max)) - np.log(min)) / (np.log(max) - np.log(min)) except: pass return im a = np.ones((100,100)) for i in range(100): a[i] = i f = plt.figure() ax = f.add_subplot(111) res = ax.imshow(log_transform(a)) # the colorbar drawn shows [0-1], but I want to see [0-99] cb = f.colorbar(res) I've tried using cb.set_array, but that didn't appear to do anything, and cb.set_clim, but that rescales the colors completely. Thanks in advance for any help :)

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  • Rails Mikel Mail Gem How to use Views

    - by Victor Martins
    I'm trying to use mikel gem mail on my 2.3.5 Rails App http://github.com/mikel/mail I have it working like this. I've made a MailComHelper, made a method like this : def self.welcome(user,password) @user = user m = Mail.new m.from = '[email protected]' m.to = @user.email m.subject = 'welcome' m.body = 'The body' m.delivery_method :sendmail m.deliver! end And it works, I receive the mail. But I wish I could use the old way of calling a view ( html.erb ) file and send that code has the body. I've read the documentation but haven't found a way to do it. Has anyone found a way to do it?

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  • Is using os.path.abspath to validate an untrusted filename's location secure?

    - by mcmt
    I don't think I'm missing anything. Then again I'm kind of a newbie. def GET(self, filename): name = urllib.unquote(filename) full = path.abspath(path.join(STATIC_PATH, filename)) #Make sure request is not tricksy and tries to get out of #the directory, e.g. filename = "../.ssh/id_rsa". GET OUTTA HERE assert full[:len(STATIC_PATH)] == STATIC_PATH, "bad path" return open(full).read() Edit: I realize this will return the wrong HTTP error code if the file doesn't exist (at least under web.py). I will fix this.

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  • Erubis block helper throwing error with concat

    - by DEfusion
    I have a couple of block helpers, here's a simple example of what I'm doing: def wrap_foo foo, &block data = capture(&block) content = " <div class=\"foo\" id=\"#{foo}\"> #{data} </div>" concat( content ) end I'm just trying out erubis and it's giving me the following error: You have a nil object when you didn't expect it! You might have expected an instance of Array. The error occurred while evaluating nil.<< Removing the call to concat removes the error but ends up with my wrapper not being rendered Using: Rails 2.3.5 Erubis 2.6.5 And tried this gem that helps Erubis (though 2.6.4) and Rails 2.3 play better together

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  • Parallel Assignment operator in Ruby

    - by Bragaadeesh
    Hi, I was going through an example from Programming in Ruby book. This is that example def fib_up_to(max) i1, i2 = 1, 1 # parallel assignment (i1 = 1 and i2 = 1) while i1 <= max yield i1 i1, i2 = i2, i1+i2 end end fib_up_to(100) {|f| print f, " " } The above program simply prints the fibonacci numbers upto 100. Thats fine. My question here is when i replace the parallel assignment with something like this, i1 = i2 i2 = i1+i2 I am not getting the desired output. My question here is, is it advisable to use parallel assignments? (I come from Java background and it feels really wierd to see this type of assignment) One more doubt is : Is parallel assignment an operator?? Thanks

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  • django 'urlize' strings form text just like twitter

    - by dana
    heyy there i want to parse a text,let's name it 'post', and 'urlize' some strings if they contain a particular character, in a particular position. my 'pseudocode' trial would look like that: def urlize(post) for string in post if string icontains ('#') url=(r'^searchn/$', searchn, name='news_searchn'), then apply url to the string return urlize(post) i want the function to return to me the post with the urlized strings, where necessary (just like twitter does). i don't understand: how can i parse a text, and search for certain strings? is there ok to make a function especially for 'urlizing' some strings? The function should return the entire post, no matter if it has such kind of strings. is there another way Django offers? Thank you

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  • Ruby on Rails - where to write business logic while processing a request? (newbie)

    - by Genadinik
    I am learning Ruby on Rails. I made a simple link like this: <%= link_to "Alex Link", alexes_path(@alex) %> then I routed it in routes.rb like this: resources :alexes get "home/index" then I am a bit unclear, but I think it goes to this part of the controller: def index #@alexes = Alex.all respond_to do |format| format.html # index.html.erb format.json { render json: @alexes } end end Am I correct that it goes to this part of the controller? Then nothing much happens and it goes to the next page which is index.html.rb under views\alexes So what I am wondering is - if I needed to do some business logic, would I write that in the controller snippet? Where inside the snippet? An example would be nice to take a look. Also, I would like to connect to a MongoDb database. Would I also write that in the middle of the controller? Thanks!

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  • Getting Bad file descriptor when running Tornado AsyncHTTPTestCase

    - by Will
    When running a test using the Tornado AsyncHTTPTestCase I'm getting a stack trace that isn't related to the test. The test is passing so this is probably happening on the test clean up? I'm using Python 2.7.2, Tornado 2.2. The test code is: class AllServersHandlerTest(AsyncHTTPTestCase): endpoint = AllServersHandler.endpoint # '/rest/test/' def test_server_status_with_advertiser(self): on_new_host(None, '127.0.0.1') response = self.fetch(self.endpoint, method='GET') result = json.loads(response.body, 'utf8').get('data') self.assertEquals(['127.0.0.1'], result) The test passes ok, but I get the following stack trace from the Tornado server. OSError: [Errno 9] Bad file descriptor INFO:root:200 POST /rest/serverStatuses (127.0.0.1) 0.00ms DEBUG:root:error closing fd 688 Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\tornado-2.2-py2.7.egg\tornado\ioloop.py", line 173, in close os.close(fd) OSError: [Errno 9] Bad file descriptor Any ideas how to cleanly shutdown the test case?

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  • Concatenating databases with Squeryl

    - by Pengin
    I'm trying to use Squeryl to take the contents of a table from one database, and append it to the equivalent table in another database. The primary key will have to be reassigned in the process, but I'm getting the error NULL not allowed for column "SIMID". Why is this? object Concatenator { def main(args: Array[String]) { Class.forName("org.h2.Driver"); val seshA = Session.create( java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:h2:file:data/resultsA", "sa", "password"), new H2Adapter ) val seshB = Session.create( java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:h2:file:data/resultsB", "sa", "password"), new H2Adapter ) using(seshA){ import Library._ from(sims){s => select(s)}.foreach{item => using(seshB){ sims.insert(item); } } } } case class Simulation( @Column("SIMID") var id: Long, val date: Date ) extends KeyedEntity[Long] object Library extends Schema { val sims = table[Simulation] on(sims)(s => declare( s.id is(unique, indexed, autoIncremented) )) } }

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  • Remove unncessary error raised by paperclip - filename is not recognized by the 'identify' command.

    - by kgpdeveloper
    I've been searching on how to solve this issue but could not find any real and working solution. User model: validates_attachment_content_type :avatar, :content_type = ['image/jpeg', 'image/pjpeg', 'image/x-png', 'image/png', 'image/gif'] Unnecessary error shows up when invalid file type is uploaded: Avatar /tmp/sample,23283,0.txt is not recognized by the 'identify' command. Server details: Ubuntu and Debian which identify results to /usr/bin/identify Specifying command path does not solve the issue: Paperclip.options[:command_path] = "/usr/bin" Any ideas? I looked at geometry.rb file and there seems to be something wrong with it. def self.from_file file file = file.path if file.respond_to? "path" geometry = begin Paperclip.run("identify", %Q[-format "%wx%h" "#{file}"[0]]) rescue PaperclipCommandLineError "" end parse(geometry) || raise(NotIdentifiedByImageMagickError.new("#{file} is not recognized by the 'identify' command.")) end Let me know if anyone has solved the same issue and how. Many thanks.

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  • Ruby on Rails - f.error_messages not showing up

    - by Brian Roisentul
    Hi, I've read many posts about this issue but I never got this to work. My model looks like this: class Announcement < ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :title, :description end My controller's create method(only its relevant part) looks like this: def create respond_to do |format| if @announcement.save flash[:notice] = 'Announcement was successfully created.' format.html { redirect_to(@announcement) } format.xml { render :xml => @announcement, :status => :created, :location => @announcement } else @announcement = Announcement.new @provinces = Province.all @types = AnnouncementType.all @categories = Tag.find_by_sql 'select * from tags where parent_id=0 order by name asc' @subcategories= '' format.html { render :action => "new" } #new_announcement_path format.xml { render :xml => @announcement.errors, :status => :unprocessable_entity } end end end My form looks like this: <% form_for(@announcement) do |f| %> <%= error_messages_for 'announcement' %> <!--I've also treid f.error_messages--> ... What am I doing wrong?

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  • Programmatically sync the db in Django

    - by Attila Oláh
    I'm trying to sync my db from a view, something like this: from django import http from django.core import management def syncdb(request): management.call_command('syncdb') return http.HttpResponse('Database synced.') The issue is, it will block the dev server by asking for user input from the terminal. How can I pass it the '--noinput' option to prevent asking me anything? I have other ways of marking users as super-user, so there's no need for the user input, but I really need to call syncdb (and flush) programmatically, without logging on to the server via ssh. Any help is appreciated.

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  • Unix: millionth number in the serie 2 3 4 6 9 13 19 28 42 63 ... ?

    - by HH
    It takes about minute to achieve 3000 in my comp but I need to know the millionth number in the serie. The definition is recursive so I cannot see any shortcuts except to calculate everything before the millionth number. How can you fast calculate millionth number in the serie? Serie Def n_{i+1} = \floor{ 3/2 * n_{i} } and n_{0}=2. Interestingly, only one site list the serie according to Goolge: this one. Too slow Bash code #!/bin/bash function serie { n=$( echo "3/2*$n" | bc -l | tr '\n' ' ' | sed -e 's@\\@@g' -e 's@ @@g' ); # bc gives \ at very large numbers, sed-tr for it n=$( echo $n/1 | bc ) #DUMMY FLOOR func } n=2 nth=1 while [ true ]; #$nth -lt 500 ]; do serie $n # n gets new value in the function throught global value echo $nth $n nth=$( echo $nth + 1 | bc ) #n++ done

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  • Rails address and routes?

    - by Danny McClelland
    Hi Everyone, I have created a custom action within one of my controlers as follows: # GET /kases/discharge/1 # GET /kases/discharge/1.xml def discharge @kase = Kase.find_by_jobno(params[:id]) respond_to do |format| format.html { } # discharge.html.erb format.xml { render :xml => @kase } format.pdf { render :layout => false } prawnto :prawn => { :background => "#{RAILS_ROOT}/public/images/discharge.png", :left_margin => 0, :right_margin => 0, :top_margin => 0, :bottom_margin => 0, :page_size => 'A4' } end end For the edit actions etc the link would be link_to edit_kase_path(@kase) Is there a way of linking to the discharge action already, or do I have to make a custom route? Thanks, Danny

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  • Rails ActiveRecord: Find All Users Except Current User

    - by SingleShot
    I feel this should be very simple but my brain is short-circuiting on it. If I have an object representing the current user, and want to query for all users except the current user, how can I do this, taking into account that the current user can sometimes be nil? This is what I am doing right now: def index @users = User.all @users.delete current_user end What I don't like is that I am doing post-processing on the query result. Besides feeling a little wrong, I don't think this will work nicely if I convert the query over to be run with will_paginate. Any suggestions for how to do this with a query? Thanks.

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  • REXML Formatting issues

    - by dagda1
    Hi, I am using REXML to edit an xml file but have ran into difficulties with formatting. My original code looked like this: file = File.new( destination) doc = REXML::Document.new file doc.elements.each("configuration/continuity2") do |element| element.attributes["islive"] = "true" element.attributes["pagetitle"] = "#{@client.page_title}" element.attributes["clientname"] = "#{@client.name}" end doc.elements.each("configuration/continuity2/plans") do |element| element.attributes["storebasedir"] = "#{@client.store_dir}" end I first of all had to add the following code as REXML was adding single quotes instead of double quotes. I found the following via google: REXML::Attribute.class_eval( %q^ def to_string %Q[#@expanded_name="#{to_s().gsub(/"/, '&quot;')}"] end ^ ) I also have a problem in that REXML is reformatting the document. are there ways to stop this? Cheers Paul

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  • Problem with returning values from a helper method in Rails

    - by True Soft
    I want to print some objects in a table having 2 rows per object, like this: <tr class="title"> <td>Name</td><td>Price</td> </tr> <tr class="content"> <td>Content</td><td>123</td> </tr> I wrote a helper method in products_helper.rb, based on the answer of this question. def write_products(products) products.map { |product| content_tag :tr, :class => "title" do content_tag :td do link_to h(product.name), product, :title=>product.name end content_tag :td do product.price end end content_tag :tr, :class => "content" do content_tag :td, h(product.content) content_tag :td, product.count end }.join end But this does not work as expected. It only returns the last node - the last <td>123</td> What should I do to make it work?

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  • Converting the value from string to integer in a nested dictionary

    - by tom smith
    I want to change the numbers in my dictionary to int values for use later in my program. So far I have import time import math x = 400 y = 300 def read_next_object(file): obj = {} for line in file: if not line.strip(): continue line = line.strip() key, val = line.split(": ") if key in obj and key == "Object": yield obj obj = {} obj[key] = val yield obj planets = {} with open( "smallsolar.txt", 'r') as f: for obj in read_next_object(f): planets[obj["Object"]] = obj print(planets) scale=250/int(max([planets[x]["Orbital Radius"] for x in planets if "Orbital Radius" in planets[x]])) print(scale) and the output is {'Sun': {'Object': 'Sun', 'Satellites': 'Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,Neptune,Ceres,Pluto,Haumea,Makemake,Eris', 'Orbital Radius': '0', 'RootObject': 'Sun', 'Radius': '20890260'}, 'Moon': {'Object': 'Moon', 'Orbital Radius': '18128500', 'Period': '27.321582', 'Radius': '1737000.10'}, 'Earth': {'Object': 'Earth', 'Satellites': 'Moon', 'Orbital Radius': '77098290', 'Period': '365.256363004', 'Radius': '6371000.0'}} 3.2426140709476178e-06 I want to be able to convert the numbers in the dict to ints for further use. Any help in greatly appreciated.

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  • acts_as_taggable_on and auto_complete returning no results

    - by Sean Johnson
    I'm using acts_as_taggable_on in a model, and am trying to implement the auto_complete plugin. It seems as though I have everything hooked up correctly, but the search isn't returning any results. Here's what I have so far: In the view: <%= text_field_with_auto_complete(:link, :tag_list, {}, {:tokens => ','}) %> In the controller: def auto_complete_for_link_tag_list @tags = Link.tag_counts_on(:tags).where('tags.name LIKE ?', params[:link][:tag_list]) render :inline => "<%= auto_complete_result(@tags, 'name') %>", :layout => false logger.info "#{@tags.size} tags found." end The logger keeps returning 0 tags, and nothing shows up in the view (yeah, the layout includes the javascript defaults). Any thoughts or advice would be awesome.

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  • Weird Rails URL issue when rendering a new action

    - by Tony
    I am rendering a new action but somehow getting the "index" URL. To be more specific, my create action looks like this: class ListingsController < ApplicationController def create @listing = Listing.new(params[:listing]) @listing.user = @current_user if @listing.save redirect_to @listing else flash[:error] = "There were errors" render :action => "new" end end end When there are errors, I get the "new" action but my URL is the index URL - http://domain.com/listings Anyone know why this would happen? My routes file is fairly standard: map.connect 'listings/send_message', :controller => 'listings', :action => 'send_message' map.resources :listings map.root :controller => "listings" map.connect ':controller/:action/:id' map.connect ':controller/:action/:id.:format'

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  • more ruby way of gsub from array

    - by aharon
    My goal is to let there be x so that x("? world. what ? you say...", ['hello', 'do']) returns "hello world. what do you say...". I have something that works, but seems far from the "Ruby way": def x(str, arr, rep='?') i = 0 query.gsub(rep) { i+=1; arr[i-1] } end Is there a more idiomatic way of doing this? (Let me note that speed is the most important factor, of course.)

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  • work with rescue in Rails

    - by Adnan
    Hi, I am working with the following piece; def index @user = User.find(params[:id]) rescue flash[:notice] = "ERROR" redirect_to(:action => 'index') else flash[:notice] = "OK" redirect_to(:action => 'index') end Now I either case whether I have a correct ID or not, I am always getting "OK" in my view, what am I doing wrong? I need that when I have no ID in the DB to show "ERROR". I have also tried to use rescue ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound but same happens. All help is appreciated.

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