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  • Cannot browse ipv4 websites (OpenVPN )

    - by user1494428
    I have set up an openVPN tunnel on my VPS (OpenVZ - Ubuntu 12.04). The problem is when I'm connected to the vpn, I can only browse websites which support ipv6 like google. Ipv4 sites aren't loading (no error, just waiting indefinitely). http://whatismyv6.com/ reports me that I've an ipv6 address, so I guess this is the problem. Server configuration: dev tun server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt ca /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys/dh1024.pem push "route 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.4.4" push "redirect-gateway def1" comp-lzo persist-tun persist-key status openvpn-status.log log /var/log/openvpn.log verb 3 Client configuration: client remote xx.xx.xx.xx 1194 dev tun comp-lzo ca ca.crt cert client1.crt key client1.key redirect-gateway def1 verb 3 I have configured NAT with this command: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -j SNAT --to xx.xx.xx.xx Can someone explain me how I can make it works (forcing ipv4?) I had the same problem with another vps and I also tried on another client (All Windows 7).

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  • Separated virtual networks with same subnet range with 2 interface

    - by Coolpet
    I'm having some problems with routing with the following: I have a server with 2 interfaces. It has 1-1 alias contains the same subnet. the 2 interface is connected to 2 switch, which are separated from each other. Infrastructure: Eth0 192.168.16.2/20 Eth0:eth0 192.168.1.222/20 Eth1 192.168.32.3/20 Eth1:eth1 192.168.1.223/20 I have a PC which has the IP address: 192.168.1.3/24 The problem is the next: If PC is on subnet 1, I can ping it. If PC is on subnet 2, I can't ping it. traceroute shows the route is across 192.168.1.222 ping -I 192.168.1.223 192.168.1.3 is not working on subnet 2. arp entries show the MAC address belonging to the correct interface (eth1 on subnet 2) How can I force the server to look on both interface same ranged subnet for specific IP? It searches only in the first subnet. The routing table has these 2 entries: 192.168.0.0/20 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.222 192.168.0.0/20 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.223

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  • How to copy VirtualBox VDI contents to a partition and dual boot the OS from it?

    - by Calmarius
    I'm a Linux user but I keep a compressed Windows XP ISO with me on a pen drive for the case I absolutely need Windows to do something. This works in VirtualBox most of the time. But now I want to play some games, so I would like to run the Windows image natively. My computer don't have CD drive so cannot just burn the ISO and make an install normally. What I trying to do is moving the installed Windows image to a physical NTFS partition on my HDD and set up GRUB to let me dual boot it. I found many tutorials that deal with making VDI to physical drive. But they assume I want to overwrite my entire drive. Moving the raw disk image with dd to the partition resulted in a corrupt partition. I also tried the VMDK trick to use that empty partition and install the Windows on it. Although the text mode phase of the installation finishes without problems, the VM won't work, either crashes and keeps rebooting or just immediately or freezes (depending on how I created the VMDK, with -rawdisk /dev/sda3 or -rawdisk /dev/sda -partition 3).

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  • Why is my rsync so slow?

    - by iblue
    My Laptop and my workstation are both connected to a Gigabit Switch. Both are running Linux. But when I copy files with rsync, it performs badly. I get about 22 MB/s. Shouldn't I theoretically get about 125 MB/s? What is the limiting factor here? EDIT: I conducted some experiments. Write performance on the laptop The laptop has a xfs filesystem with full disk encryption. It uses aes-cbc-essiv:sha256 cipher mode with 256 bits key length. Disk write performance is 58.8 MB/s. iblue@nerdpol:~$ LANG=C dd if=/dev/zero of=test.img bs=1M count=1024 1073741824 Bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 18.2735 s, 58.8 MB/s Read performance on the workstation The files I copied are on a software RAID-5 over 5 HDDs. On top of the raid is a lvm. The volume itself is encrypted with the same cipher. The workstation has a FX-8150 cpu that has a native AES-NI instruction set which speeds up encryption. Disk read performance is 256 MB/s (cache was cold). iblue@raven:/mnt/bytemachine/imgs$ dd if=backup-1333796266.tar.bz2 of=/dev/null bs=1M 10213172008 bytes (10 GB) copied, 39.8882 s, 256 MB/s Network performance I ran iperf between the two clients. Network performance is 939 Mbit/s iblue@raven $ iperf -c 94.135.XXX ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 94.135.XXX, TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 23.2 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 3] local 94.135.XXX port 59385 connected with 94.135.YYY port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 1.09 GBytes 939 Mbits/sec

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  • Almost All Logical Volumes Disappeared - Recovery?

    - by Alex
    We had a hard disc crash of one of two hard discs in a software raid with a LVM on top. The server is running Citrix xenserver. On the hard disk which is still intact, the volume group gets detected well, but only one LV is left. (some hashes replaced by "x") # lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae/MGT VG Name VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae LV UUID x-x-x-x-x-x-vQmZ6C LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 4.00 MiB Current LE 1 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 root@rescue ~ # vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 698.62 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 178848 Alloc PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB Free PE / Size 178847 / 698.62 GiB VG UUID x-x-x-x-x-x-53w0kL I could understand if a full physical volume is lost - but why only the logical volumes? Is there any explanation for this? Is there any way to recover the logical volumes? EDIT We are here in a rescue system. The problem is that the whole server does not boot (GRUB error 22) What we are trying to do is to access the root filesystem. But everything was in the LVM. We have only this: (parted) print Model: ATA SAMSUNG HD753LJ (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 750GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 32.3kB 750GB 750GB primary boot, lvm And this 750GB LVM volume is exactly what we see on top.

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  • How to start and stop a systemd unit with another?

    - by Andy Shinn
    I am using CoreOS to schedule systemd units with fleet. I have two units (firehose.service and firehose-announce.service. I am trying to get the firehose-announce.service to start and stop along with the firehose.service. Here is the unit file for firehose-announce.service: [Unit] Description=Firehose etcd announcer BindsTo=firehose@%i.service After=firehose@%i.service Requires=firehose@%i.service [Service] EnvironmentFile=/etc/environment TimeoutStartSec=30s ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c 'sleep 1' ExecStart=/bin/sh -c "port=$(docker inspect -f '{{range $i, $e := .NetworkSettings.Ports }}{{$p := index $e 0}}{{$p.HostPort}}{{end}}' firehose-%i); echo -n \"Adding socket $COREOS_PRIVATE_IPV4:$port/tcp to /firehose/upstream/firehose-%i\"; while netstat -lnt | grep :$port >/dev/null; do etcdctl set /firehose/upstream/firehose-%i $COREOS_PRIVATE_IPV4:$port --ttl 300 >/dev/null; sleep 200; done" RestartSec=30s Restart=on-failure [X-Fleet] X-ConditionMachineOf=firehose@%i.service I am trying to use BindsTo with the notion that start and stop of firehose.service will also start or stop firehose-announce.service. But this never happens correctly. If firehose.service is stopped, then firehose-announce.service goes to failed state. But when I start firehose.service, the firehose-announce.service doesn't start up. What am I doing wrong here?

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  • Recovering a broken NTFS filesystem?

    - by OverTheRainbow
    A much-needed Windows Update broke a Vista laptop that was running fine until then: After booting up, Windows displays "Please wait..." but it never goes anywhere. I waited for a couple of hours, there is a bit of disk activity, but it didn't work out in the end. I booted with the Vista DVD, chose "Repair your computer" which said that there was nothing wrong :-/ Next, I booted it up with a Linux USB keydrive, and ran Gparted 0.8.1 (which includes ntfsresize v2011.4.12AR.4 libntfs-3g) which displays a bunch of warnings for the NTFS partition where the Vista system is located such as: ntfs_mst_post_read_fixup: magic: 0x00000000 size: 1024 usa_ofs: 0 usa_count: 65535: Invalid argument Record 16 has no FILE magic (0x0) Next, I ran ntfsfix /dev/sda2, which said: Mounting volume... OK Processing of $MFT and $MFTMirr completed successfully. NTFS volume version is 3.1. NTFS partition /dev/sda2 was processed successfully. Next, I rebooted Vista, which did a CHKDSK, before rebooting. But I'm still getting nowhere with "Please wait..." Before I copy the user's data to another host and reinstall Vista from a DVD, does someone know what I could try? Thank you. Edit: In case someone else has the same issue... After the BIOS, hit F8 and choose "Repair your computer", followed by "Toshiba HDD Recovery". In addition to a 1,5GB partition labelled "WinRE", the hard disk contains a second partition labeled "Data" from which the application will fetch a system image and reinstall it in the "Vista" partition. Make sure you copy your data out of the system partition before doing this.

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  • Explain why .bash_logout won't run commands?

    - by Droogans
    So I've been wondering how to run these two lines of code everytime I close an open instance of Terminal: history -c cat /dev/null > ~/.bash_history I export HISTFILE=5 on startup, but still want to flush that out when I'm done. I've tried looking around a bit in a couple of places, and haven't had much luck. I run Linux Mint, and would also note here that I ran into a similar issue with .bash_profile; eventually, I discovered I needed to place all start up code in .bashrc, so maybe that has something to do with it. Here's my .bash_logout file: #!/bin/bash # ~/.bash_logout: executed by bash(1) when login shell exits. # when leaving the console clear the screen to increase privacy if [ "$SHLVL" = 1 ]; then history -c cat /dev/null > ~/.bash_history [ -x /usr/bin/clear_console ] && /usr/bin/clear_console -q fi #this does nothing on exit... echo 'logout'; sleep 2s I've tried re-arranging this script many ways, I'm not sure if I don't understand how bash works, and if any of this is running in the first place. Does the fact that I run Xserver make bash consider Terminal something that isn't a log-out on exit?

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  • Ubuntu 12.04 can't boot after installing with software RAID 1

    - by Bill
    I've been trying to install Ubuntu with software RAID on my server and there is obviously something that I don't understand about the process. This is the guide that I followed: https://help.ubuntu.com/11.04/serverguide/advanced-installation.html I have two identical 1 TB disks in my server. I went through the initial install process and manually set up my partitions. On each disk I set up: (1) 100 MB partition for EFI boot (I didn't originally have this but added it based on a forum post I found after my original install failed to boot, I ended up with EFIboot since that was what the 'guided partitioning' decided to do) (1) 970 MB partition for / (1) 30 MB partition for swap I then created new RAID 1 disks combining the two partitions, one from each disk, such that each partition is mirrored. I then configured their usage as stated above. After saving the configuration I said yes to boot in a degraded state. The rest of the setup went normally, no errors of any kind. I saw GRUB being installed and again no errors. However, after rebooting the server I get the dreaded 'Insert boot media' and nothing happens. I loaded up the recovery disk and the mdadm configuration looks correct. md0 is my EFIBoot partition md1 is my \ partition using ext4 md2 is my swap partition Running file -s /dev/md0 doesn't indicate that GRUB is there and so I attempted to reinstall GRUB using the recovery disk. I selected the md0 disk and it appeared to install just fine. Running file -s /dev/md1 shows the error needs journal recovery, I'm not sure if that's related or not or how to fix that. Rebooting gives me the same problem, no boot media found. I've searched around the internet but can't figure out what to do next or more importantly how to troubleshoot what exactly is going wrong. Thanks!

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  • Things to consider when building a continuous integration server?

    - by Dave
    I'm new to continuous integration, but immediately realize its value, and I want to get one set up right away. I have played with TeamCity and have it working in a VM great. Now, I don't want to spend money on another system, so I was planning on just doing the VM again on a faster machine (i.e. my dev system). There are a few questions that come to mind with this: Hard disk allocation - how big should it be? Sure, 60GB seems like more than enough, but people also used to think that we'd never need more than 64KB of RAM Backups - is it even important to back up the integration server? Sure, I guess it's nice so that one doesn't have to go through the entire configuration process again, but I would think that's about it. I could snapshot my VM every time I do a configuration change, and then do a backup of applications only (ignore the buildAgent stuff). Migration - if I want to go away from a VM on my dev system, to a new server, which maybe even runs Windows Server 2003, is it easy enough? Perhaps this is a particular point best suited for StackOverflow.

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  • How can I recover my data from a damaged hard drive?

    - by krk
    a few days ago when I was working on windows my laptop was beaten on the side where the hard drive is located. As a result, it was damaged and I couldn't access the windows partition. I had to boot the linux one, which is working without any trouble. I have 2 partition formatted with ntfs, the one with windows on it, and the other one intended to store data. I mounted the windows partition from ubuntu and I could see all my files. But when I tried to mount the data partition it was impossible. It threw me an error, it couldn't recognize ntfs partition. I try to copy the damaged disk into an external hard drive using the command: dd if=/dev/sda of=/dev/sdb conv=noerror,sync The progress stopped at 60%. I was still unable to mount the data partition. Now I'm trying to backup my files using an utility called Photorec. The problem is that it is recovering my files in a disorderly way, it is all mixed up and I need my original directory structure, it will become an endless task to organize the files as they were before. Is there any way I can get my partition back?

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  • Putting and configuring grub on an external drive

    - by HisDudeness
    I want to put a bunch of minor emergency operating systems (such as GParted Live, DSL, Puppy Linux and so on) on a partitioned USB pen drive, with a dedicated grub boot loader on it, which I want to start when I select the drive in the BIOS to boot. The problem is: when writing grub boot options I must tell where kernel and initial ram files are located, but the USB drive can have different letters depending on when I did plug it in, if some others external drive were mounted. So, how can I write appropriate options which automatically refer to the drive grub is installed on without having to specify absolute paths, which might change (I mean, like (hd1,msdos1) ot /dev/sdb1)? And, while we are at it, can I have grub working on a device without an operating system on it to which it can refer? I mean, I want to address the command sudo grub-install /dev/sdb from the LMDE system I'm on right now, but I won't have LMDE on my pen drive. Is that a problem? And installing grub on another device, will I keep the grub I have right now on my HDD?

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  • Routing Traffic With OpenVPN

    - by user224277
    Few minutes ago i configured my VPN server, and actually I can connect to my VPN but all trafic is going through my normal home network. On my OpenVPN application I've got an information : Server IP: **.185.***.*10 Client IP: 10.8.0.6 Traffic: 7.3 KB in, 5.6 KB out Connected: 10 June 2014 19:21:59 So everything is connected but how I can setup on windows 7 that all trafic have to go through OpenVPN network card ?? Client setting : client dev tun proto udp # enter the server's hostname # or IP address here, and port number remote **.185.***.*10 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun # Use the full filepaths to your # certificates and keys ca ca.crt cert user1.crt key user1.key ns-cert-type server comp-lzo verb 6 Server setting : port 1194 proto udp dev tun # the full paths to your server keys and certs ca /etc/openvpn/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/keys/dh2048.pem cipher BF-CBC # Set server mode, and define a virtual pool of IP # addresses for clients to use. Use any subnet # that does not collide with your existing subnets. # In this example, the server can be pinged at 10.8.0.1 server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 # Set up route(s) to subnet(s) behind # OpenVPN server push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.4.4" ifconfig-pool-persist /etc/openvpn/ipp.txt keepalive 10 120 status openvpn-status.log verb 6 and sysctl : net.ipv4.ip_forward=1 Thank you for your time and help.

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  • Script apparently changing file permissions on Mac OS to 000

    - by half_bit
    I wrote a little shellscript that helps installing a web application. The script itself just downloads a zip archive, extracts it and changes the permissions of the extracted files to the one needed to run the webapp. The problem now is that some users reported that after running my script, all the permissions of every file in their home directory or even on their whole computer changed to 000 (except the actual unzipped files which do have the correct permissions). The only lines in my script actually doing IO are these: URL="http://foo.com/" FILENAME="some.zip" curl --silent "$URL$FILENAME" -o $FILENAME > /dev/null echo "Unzipping...\c" if unzip -oqq $FILENAME > /dev/null then chmod -R 777 app/tmp app/webroot app/Config/database* app/configuration* chown -R www:www * rm $FILENAME echo "\t\t\tOK" exit 0 else echo "\t\t\tERROR" exit 1 fi I seriously can't explain this to myself. How can this even be possible? It is entirely possible that the users accidentally ran the script in their home directory, but that still wouldn't explain why the permissions where set to 000, not www/777.

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  • Sudo won't execute command as another user

    - by TOdorus
    I'm trying to get a unicorn server to start when the server boots. I've created a shell script which works if I log as the ubuntu user and run /etc/init.d/unicorn start Shell script #!/bin/sh case "$1" in start) cd /home/ubuntu/projects/asbest/current/ unicorn_rails -c /home/ubuntu/projects/asbest/current/config/unicorn.rb -D -E production ;; stop) if ps aux | awk '{print $2 }' | grep `cat ~/projects/asbest/current/tmp/pids/unicorn.pid`> /dev/null; then kill `cat ~/projects/asbest/current/tmp/pids/uni$ ;; restart) $0 stop $0 start ;; esac When I rebooted the server I noticed that the unicorn server wasn't listening to a socket. Since I ran the code succesfully as the ubuntu user I modified the script to let it always use the ubuntu user via sudo. #!/bin/sh case "$1" in start) cd /home/ubuntu/projects/asbest/current/ sudo -u ubuntu unicorn_rails -c /home/ubuntu/projects/asbest/current/config/unicorn.rb -D -E production ;; stop) if ps aux | awk '{print $2 }' | grep `cat ~/projects/asbest/current/tmp/pids/unicorn.pid`> /dev/null; then sudo -u ubuntu kill `cat ~/projects/asbest/current/tmp/pids/uni$ ;; restart) $0 stop $0 start ;; esac After rebooting unicorn still wouldn't start, so I tried running the script from the command line. Now I get the following error sudo: unicorn_rails: command not found I've searched high and low to what could cause this, but I'm afraid I've tapped my limited understanding of Linux. From what I can understand is that although sudo should use the ubuntu user to execute the commands, it still uses the environment of the root user, which isn't configured to run ruby or unicorn. Does anybody have any experience with this?

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  • Fedora 17 transparent Ethernet Bridge not forwarding IP traffic

    - by mcdoomington
    I am running on Fedora 17 with the latest ebtables and have been trying to setup a transparent bridge - using the following script, I send a ping through the bridged host and only see the requests on the bridge (among other traffic from eth0), BUT, arps and arp replies are making it through. My host is setup - Client 192.168.1.10 <-- eth0 -- eth2 192.168.1.20 Ethernet script: #!/bin/sh brctl addbr br0; brctl stp br0 on; brctl addif br0 eth0; brctl addif br0 eth2; (ifdown eth0 1>/dev/null 2>&1;); (ifdown eth2 1>/dev/null 2>&1;); ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 up; ifconfig eth2 0.0.0.0 up; echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward; ebtables -P INPUT DROP ebtables -P FORWARD DROP ebtables -P OUTPUT DROP ebtables -A FORWARD -p ipv4 -j ACCEPT ebtables -A FORWARD -p arp -j ACCEPT Any assistance would be great!

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  • OpenVPN Error : TLS Error: local/remote TLS keys are out of sync: [AF_INET]

    - by Lucidity
    Fist off thanks for reading this, I appreciate any and all suggestions. I am having some serious problems reconnecting to my OpenVPN client using Riseup.net's VPN. I have spent a few days banging my head against the wall in attempts to set this up on my iOS devices....but that is a whole other issue. I was however able to set it up on my Mac OS X specifically on my Windows Vista 32 bit BootCamp VM with relatively little trouble. To originally connect I only had to modify the recommended Config file very slightly (Config file included at the end of this post): - I had to enter the code directly into my config file - And change "dev tap" to "dev tun" So I was connected. (Note - I did test to ensure the VPN was actually working after I originally connected, it was. Also verified the .pem file (inserted as the coding in my config file) for authenticity). I left the VPN running. My computer went to sleep. Today I went to use the internet expecting (possibly incorrectly - I am now unsure if I was wrong to leave it running) to still be connected to the VPN. However I saw immediately I was not. I went to reconnect. And was (am) unable to. My logs after attempting to connect (and getting a connection failed dialog box) show everything working as it should (as far as I can tell) until the end where I get the following lines: Mon Sep 23 21:07:49 2013 us=276809 Initialization Sequence Completed Mon Sep 23 21:07:49 2013 us=276809 MANAGEMENT: >STATE:1379995669,CONNECTED,SUCCESS, OMITTED Mon Sep 23 21:22:50 2013 us=390350 Authenticate/Decrypt packet error: packet HMAC authentication failed Mon Sep 23 21:23:39 2013 us=862180 TLS Error: local/remote TLS keys are out of sync: [AF_INET] VPN IP OMITTED [2] Mon Sep 23 21:23:57 2013 us=395183 Authenticate/Decrypt packet error: packet HMAC authentication failed Mon Sep 23 22:07:41 2013 us=296898 TLS: soft reset sec=0 bytes=513834601/0 pkts=708032/0 Mon Sep 23 22:07:41 2013 us=671299 VERIFY OK: depth=1, C=US, O=Riseup Networks, L=Seattle, ST=WA, CN=Riseup Networks, [email protected] Mon Sep 23 22:07:41 2013 us=671299 VERIFY OK: depth=0, C=US, O=Riseup Networks, L=Seattle, ST=WA, CN=vpn.riseup.net Mon Sep 23 22:07:46 2013 us=772508 Data Channel Encrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Mon Sep 23 22:07:46 2013 us=772508 Data Channel Encrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Mon Sep 23 22:07:46 2013 us=772508 Data Channel Decrypt: Cipher 'BF-CBC' initialized with 128 bit key Mon Sep 23 22:07:46 2013 us=772508 Data Channel Decrypt: Using 160 bit message hash 'SHA1' for HMAC authentication Mon Sep 23 22:07:46 2013 us=772508 Control Channel: TLSv1, cipher TLSv1/SSLv3 DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA, 2048 bit RSA So I have searched for a solution online and I have included what I have attempted below, however I fear (know) I am not knowledgeable enough in this area to fix this myself. I apologize in advance for my ignorance. I do tech support for a living, but not this kind of tech support unfortunately. Other notes and troubleshooting done - - Windows Firewall is disabled completely, as well as other Anti-virus programs - Tor is disabled completely - No Proxies running - Time is correct in all locations - Router Firmware is up to date - Able to connect to the internet and as far as I can tell all necessary ports are open. - No settings have been altered since I was able to connect successfully. - Ethernet as well as wifi connections attempted, resulted in same error. Also tried adding the following lines to my config file (without success or change in error): persist-key persist-tun proto tcp (after reading that this error generally occurs on UDP connections, and is extremely rare on TCP) resolv-retry infinite (thinking the connection may have timed out since the issues occurred after leaving VPN connected during about 10 hrs of computer in sleep mode) All attempts resulted in exact same error code included at the top of this post. The original suggestions I found online stated - (regarding the TLS Error) - This error should resolve itself within 60 seconds, or if not quit wait 120 seconds and try again. (Which isnt the case here...) (regarding the Out of Sync" error) - If you continue to get "out of sync" errors and the link does not come up, then it means that something is probably wrong with your config file. You must use either ping and ping-restart on both sides of the connection, or keepalive on the server side of a client/server connection, in order to gracefully recover from "local/remote TLS keys are out of sync" errors. I wouldn't be surprised if my config file is lacking, or not correct. However I can confirm I followed the instructions to a tee. And was able to connect originally (and have not modified my settings or config file since I was able to connect to when the error began occurring). I have a very simple config file: client dev tun tun-mtu 1500 remote vpn.riseup.net auth-user-pass ca RiseupCA.pem redirect-gateway verb 4 <ca> -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- [OMITTED] -----END CERTIFICATE----- </ca> I would really appreciate any help or suggestions. I am at a total loss here, I know I'm asking a lot here. Though I am a new user on this site I help others on many forums including Microsoft's support community and especially Apple's support communities, so I will definitely pass on anything I learn here to help others. Thanks so so so much in advance for reading this.

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  • Gearman too many processes issue

    - by Roman Newaza
    I use Net_Gearman from PECL, Gearmand 1.1.11 and Gearman Manager. Every time I add background job, I can see new worker listed with no Function, nor Id in Ggearman-Monitor: If I add many messages in the bash loop, after some time it becomes very slow. for i in $(seq 0 9999); do php Client.php && echo $i; done Yesterday, the situation was even worse - I had many error messages in Gearmand log regarding Too many open files and once I added --file-descriptors=49152 as an option and swithched to 1.1.11 from 1.0.6, these errors gone. Here is lsof -p $(cat /var/run/gearman/gearmand.pid) output: COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME gearmand 2020 gearman cwd DIR 8,2 4096 2 / gearmand 2020 gearman rtd DIR 8,2 4096 2 / gearmand 2020 gearman txt REG 8,2 3852472 3672962 /opt/sbin/gearmand gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 52120 9961752 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnss_files-2.15.so gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 47680 9961756 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnss_nis-2.15.so gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 97248 9961768 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnsl-2.15.so gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 35680 9961750 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnss_compat-2.15.so gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 92720 9964871 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1.2.3.4 gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 109288 11014600 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libsasl2.so.2.0.25 gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 1030512 9961759 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm-2.15.so gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 1930616 9964982 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.0.0 gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 382896 9964977 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.0.0 gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 1815224 9961748 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 88384 9964865 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 962656 11014043 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.16 gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 199600 11016157 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libmemcached.so.11.0.0 gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 31752 9961755 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt-2.15.so gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 14768 9961763 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl-2.15.so gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 414280 9183971 /usr/lib/libboost_program_options.so.1.46.1 gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 283832 9183656 /usr/lib/libevent-2.0.so.5.1.4 gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 664504 11014432 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libsqlite3.so.0.8.6 gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 135366 9961757 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread-2.15.so gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 3534240 9175810 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18.1.0 gearmand 2020 gearman mem REG 8,2 149280 9961760 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.15.so gearmand 2020 gearman 0u CHR 1,3 0t0 1029 /dev/null gearmand 2020 gearman 1u CHR 1,3 0t0 1029 /dev/null gearmand 2020 gearman 2u CHR 1,3 0t0 1029 /dev/null gearmand 2020 gearman 3w REG 8,2 9381897 3409366 /var/log/gearman-job-server/gearman.log gearmand 2020 gearman 4r FIFO 0,8 0t0 38869143 pipe gearmand 2020 gearman 5w FIFO 0,8 0t0 38869143 pipe gearmand 2020 gearman 6u 0000 0,9 0 6826 anon_inode gearmand 2020 gearman 7u unix 0xffff880230fdf500 0t0 38869144 socket gearmand 2020 gearman 8u unix 0xffff880230fdde40 0t0 38869145 socket gearmand 2020 gearman 9u IPv4 38869146 0t0 TCP localhost:4730 (LISTEN) gearmand 2020 gearman 10r FIFO 0,8 0t0 38869147 pipe gearmand 2020 gearman 11w FIFO 0,8 0t0 38869147 pipe gearmand 2020 gearman 12u 0000 0,9 0 6826 anon_inode gearmand 2020 gearman 13u unix 0xffff880230fde4c0 0t0 38869148 socket gearmand 2020 gearman 14u unix 0xffff880230fdeb40 0t0 38869149 socket gearmand 2020 gearman 15r FIFO 0,8 0t0 38869150 pipe gearmand 2020 gearman 16w FIFO 0,8 0t0 38869150 pipe gearmand 2020 gearman 17u 0000 0,9 0 6826 anon_inode gearmand 2020 gearman 18u 0000 0,9 0 6826 anon_inode gearmand 2020 gearman 19u unix 0xffff880230fdb400 0t0 38869151 socket gearmand 2020 gearman 20u unix 0xffff880230fdaa40 0t0 38869152 socket gearmand 2020 gearman 21r FIFO 0,8 0t0 38869153 pipe gearmand 2020 gearman 22w FIFO 0,8 0t0 38869153 pipe gearmand 2020 gearman 23u unix 0xffff880203cfce00 0t0 38868290 socket gearmand 2020 gearman 24u unix 0xffff880203cfdb00 0t0 38868291 socket gearmand 2020 gearman 25r FIFO 0,8 0t0 38868292 pipe gearmand 2020 gearman 26w FIFO 0,8 0t0 38868292 pipe gearmand 2020 gearman 27u 0000 0,9 0 6826 anon_inode gearmand 2020 gearman 28u unix 0xffff880203cf9040 0t0 38868293 socket gearmand 2020 gearman 29u unix 0xffff880203cfaa40 0t0 38868294 socket gearmand 2020 gearman 30r FIFO 0,8 0t0 38868295 pipe gearmand 2020 gearman 31w FIFO 0,8 0t0 38868295 pipe gearmand 2020 gearman 32u IPv4 38868324 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:57954 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 33u IPv4 38868325 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:57955 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 34u IPv4 38901247 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38594 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 35u IPv4 38868327 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:57957 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 36u IPv4 38867483 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:57959 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 37u IPv4 38867484 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:57958 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 38u IPv4 38901248 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38595 (CLOSE_WAIT) gearmand 2020 gearman 39u IPv4 38901249 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38597 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 40u IPv4 38869201 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:57979 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 41u IPv4 38900437 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38599 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 42u IPv4 38900438 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38602 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 43u IPv4 38868375 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:57987 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 44u IPv4 38900468 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38606 (CLOSE_WAIT) gearmand 2020 gearman 45u IPv4 38868381 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:57999 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 46u IPv4 38868388 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:58007 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 47u IPv4 38868393 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:58011 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 48u IPv4 38903950 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38609 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 49u IPv4 38870276 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:58019 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 50u IPv4 38903955 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38613 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 51u IPv4 38900477 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38617 (CLOSE_WAIT) gearmand 2020 gearman 52u IPv4 38867630 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:58031 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 53u IPv4 38867633 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:58035 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 54u IPv4 38867636 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:58039 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 55u IPv4 38900536 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38619 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 56u IPv4 38868419 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:58047 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 57u IPv4 38869263 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:58051 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 58u IPv4 38900537 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38621 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 59u IPv4 38869271 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:58059 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 60u IPv4 38900538 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38623 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 61u IPv4 38870319 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:58067 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 62u IPv4 38900540 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38628 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 63u IPv4 38869289 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:58075 (ESTABLISHED) ... gearmand 2020 gearman 2229u IPv4 38903885 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38572 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 2230u IPv4 38901211 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38576 (ESTABLISHED) gearmand 2020 gearman 2234u IPv4 38901237 0t0 TCP localhost:4730->localhost:38588 (ESTABLISHED)

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  • How to create multiboot flash drive

    - by Nrew
    I've found a guide here: http://www.pendrivelinux.com/boot-multiple-iso-from-usb-multiboot-usb/ And found this menu.lst in my flash drive, which seems to be the one that I'm seeing when I boot using my flash drive: # This Menu Created by Lance http://www.pendrivelinux.com # Ongoing Suggested Menu Entries and the Suggestor are noted! default 0 timeout 30 color NORMAL HIGHLIGHT HELPTEXT HEADING splashimage=(hd0,0)/splash.xpm.gz foreground=FFFFFF background=0066FF title Memtest86+ find --set-root /memtest86+-4.00.iso map --mem /memtest86+-4.00.iso (hd32) map --hook root (hd32) chainloader (hd32) # Suggested by madprofessor title Boot Clonezilla root (hd0,0) kernel /clonezilla/live/vmlinuz live-media-path=clonezilla/live bootfrom=/dev/sd boot=live union=aufs noprompt ocs_live_run="ocs-live-general" ocs_live_extra_param="" ocs_live_keymap="" ocs_live_batch="no" ocs_lang="" vga=791 ip=frommedia initrd /clonezilla/live/initrd.img title Parted Magic 4.9 (Partition Tools) find --set-root /pmagic-4.9.iso map /pmagic-4.9.iso (hd32) map --hook root (hd32) chainloader (hd32) # Suggested by Deb title Partition Wizard 4.2 (Partition Tools) find --set-root /pwhe42.iso map /pwhe42.iso (hd32) map --hook root (hd32) chainloader (hd32) title Balder DOS image (FreeDOS) map --unsafe-boot /balder10.img (fd0) map --hook chainloader --force (fd0)+1 rootnoverify (fd0) # Suggested by Szymon Silski title Linux Mint 8 find --set-root /LinuxMint-8.iso map /LinuxMint-8.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/mint.seed boot=casper persistent iso-scan/filename=/LinuxMint-8.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz title Ubuntu 10.04 find --set-root /ubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso map /ubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper persistent iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz title Xubuntu 10.04 (XFCE Desktop) find --set-root /xubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso map /xubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/xubuntu.seed boot=casper persistent iso-scan/filename=/xubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz title Kubuntu 10.04 (KDE Desktop) find --set-root /kubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso map /kubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/kubuntu.seed boot=casper persistent iso-scan/filename=/kubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz # Suggested by Ambriel title Lubuntu 10.04 (LXDE Lightweight Desktop) find --set-root /lubuntu-10.04.iso map /lubuntu-10.04.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/lubuntu.seed boot=casper persistent iso-scan/filename=/lubuntu-10.04.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz title Ubuntu 10.04 Netbook Remix (NetBook Distro) find --set-root /ubuntu-10.04-netbook-i386.iso map /ubuntu-10.04-netbook-i386.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/netbook-remix.seed boot=casper persistent iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu-10.04-netbook-i386.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz title Ubuntu 10.04 Server Edition Installer (32 bit Installer Only) find --set-root /ubuntu-10.04-server-i386.iso map /ubuntu-10.04-server-i386.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /install/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed boot=install iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu-10.04-server-i386.iso splash initrd /install/initrd.gz title Ubuntu 9.10 find --set-root /ubuntu-9.10-desktop-i386.iso map /ubuntu-9.10-desktop-i386.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper persistent iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu-9.10-desktop-i386.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz title Xubuntu 9.10 find --set-root /xubuntu-9.10-desktop-i386.iso map /xubuntu-9.10-desktop-i386.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/xubuntu.seed boot=casper persistent iso-scan/filename=/xubuntu-9.10-desktop-i386.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz title Kubuntu 9.10 find --set-root /kubuntu-9.10-desktop-i386.iso map /kubuntu-9.10-desktop-i386.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/kubuntu.seed boot=casper persistent iso-scan/filename=/kubuntu-9.10-desktop-i386.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz # Ubuntu Server and Netbook Remix suggested by Wojciech Holek title Ubuntu 9.10 Server Edition Installer (Installer Only) find --set-root /ubuntu-9.10-server-i386.iso map /ubuntu-9.10-server-i386.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /install/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed boot=install iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu-9.10-server-i386.iso splash initrd /install/initrd.gz title Ubuntu 9.10 Netbook Remix (NetBook Distro) find --set-root /ubuntu-9.10-netbook-remix-i386.iso map /ubuntu-9.10-netbook-remix-i386.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/netbook-remix.seed boot=casper persistent iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu-9.10-netbook-remix-i386.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz title Ubuntu 9.10 Rescue Remix (Recovery Tools) find --set-root /ubuntu-rescue-remix-9-10-revision1.iso map /ubuntu-rescue-remix-9-10-revision1.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu-rescue-remix-9-10-revision1.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz title DSL 4.4.10 find --set-root /dsl-4.4.10-initrd.iso map --mem /dsl-4.4.10-initrd.iso (hd32) map --hook root (hd32) chainloader (hd32) title AVG Rescue CD (Anti-Virus + Anti-Spyware) find --set-root /avg_arl_en_90_100114.iso map /avg_arl_en_90_100114.iso (hd32) map --hook chainloader (hd32) title Ultimate Boot CD 4.11 find --set-root /ubcd411.iso map /ubcd411.iso (hd32) map --hook chainloader (hd32) title OphCrack XP 2.3.1 (XP Password Cracker) find --set-root /ophcrack-xp-livecd-2.3.1.iso map /ophcrack-xp-livecd-2.3.1.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /boot/bzImage rw root=/dev/null vga=normal lang=C kmap=us screen=1024x768x16 autologin initrd /boot/rootfs.gz title OphCrack Vista 2.3.1 (Vista Password Cracker) find --set-root /ophcrack-vista-livecd-2.3.1.iso map /ophcrack-vista-livecd-2.3.1.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /boot/bzImage rw root=/dev/null vga=normal lang=C kmap=us screen=1024x768x16 autologin initrd /boot/rootfs.gz # Suggested by Greg Steer title Offline NT Password & Registy Editor find --set-root /cd080802.iso map /cd080802.iso (hd32) map --hook chainloader (hd32) title SliTaz 2.0 find --set-root /slitaz-2.0.iso map --mem /slitaz-2.0.iso (hd32) map --hook chainloader (hd32) title Riplinux 9.3 find --set-root /RIPLinuX-9.3.iso map --heads=0 --sectors-per-track=0 /RIPLinuX-9.3.iso (0xff) || map --heads=0 --sectors-per-track=0 --mem /RIPLinuX-9.3.iso (0xff) map --hook chainloader (0xff) # Suggested by Sunny title YlmF (Windows Like OS) find --set-root /YlmF_OS_EN_v1.0.iso map /YlmF_OS_EN_v1.0.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper persistent iso-scan/filename=/YlmF_OS_EN_v1.0.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz # Suggested by Martin Andersson title DBAN 1.0.7 (Drive Nuker) find --set-root /dban-1.0.7_i386.iso map --mem /dban-1.0.7_i386.iso (hd32) map --hook root (hd32) chainloader (hd32) # Suggested by Robin McGough title xPUD 0.9.2 (NetBook Distro) find --set-root --ignore-floppies --ignore-cd /xpud-0.9.2.iso map --heads=0 --sectors-per-track=0 /xpud-0.9.2.iso (hd32) map --hook chainloader (hd32) title Puppy 4.3.1 find --set-root /puppy/pup-431.sfs kernel /puppy/vmlinuz initrd /puppy/initrd.gz # Suggested by Relst title Run a Linux OS from the Internet kernel /gpxe.lkrn I also put some .iso files for os installers (Windows xp sp2 and Ubuntu 10.04) But they didn't show up in the list when I booted Do I need to: extract the .iso files and put in in their respective folders? Add the os that I added on the menu.lst? How do I add the iso image(os) in the menu.lst? Before adding the .iso files I first made a folder named Windows xp sp2 then placed the .iso files in there. Please help, I think I need to add the folder name or the file name on the menu.lst but I don't know how

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  • Proper network configuration for a KVM guest to be on the same networks at the host

    - by Steve Madsen
    I am running a Debian Linux server on Lenny. Within it, I am running another Lenny instance using KVM. Both servers are externally available, with public IPs, as well as a second interface with private IPs for the LAN. Everything works fine, except the VM sees all network traffic as originating from the host server. I suspect this might have something to do with the iptables-based firewall I'm running on the host. What I'd like to figure out is: how to I properly configure the host's networking such that all of these requirements are met? Both host and VMs have 2 network interfaces (public and private). Both host and VMs can be independently firewalled. Ideally, VM traffic does not have to traverse the host firewall. VMs see real remote IP addresses, not the host's. Currently, the host's network interfaces are configured as bridges. eth0 and eth1 do not have IP addresses assigned to them, but br0 and br1 do. /etc/network/interfaces on the host: # The primary network interface auto br1 iface br1 inet static address 24.123.138.34 netmask 255.255.255.248 network 24.123.138.32 broadcast 24.123.138.39 gateway 24.123.138.33 bridge_ports eth1 bridge_stp off auto br1:0 iface br1:0 inet static address 24.123.138.36 netmask 255.255.255.248 network 24.123.138.32 broadcast 24.123.138.39 # Internal network auto br0 iface br0 inet static address 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.1.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 bridge_ports eth0 bridge_stp off This is the libvirt/qemu configuration file for the VM: <domain type='kvm'> <name>apps</name> <uuid>636b6620-0949-bc88-3197-37153b88772e</uuid> <memory>393216</memory> <currentMemory>393216</currentMemory> <vcpu>1</vcpu> <os> <type arch='i686' machine='pc'>hvm</type> <boot dev='hd'/> </os> <features> <acpi/> <apic/> <pae/> </features> <clock offset='utc'/> <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff> <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot> <on_crash>restart</on_crash> <devices> <emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator> <disk type='file' device='cdrom'> <target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/> <readonly/> </disk> <disk type='file' device='disk'> <source file='/raid/kvm-images/apps.qcow2'/> <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/> </disk> <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='54:52:00:27:5e:02'/> <source bridge='br0'/> <model type='virtio'/> </interface> <interface type='bridge'> <mac address='54:52:00:40:cc:7f'/> <source bridge='br1'/> <model type='virtio'/> </interface> <serial type='pty'> <target port='0'/> </serial> <console type='pty'> <target port='0'/> </console> <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/> <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes' keymap='en-us'/> </devices> </domain> Along with the rest of my firewall rules, the firewalling script includes this command to pass packets destined for a KVM guest: # Allow bridged packets to pass (for KVM guests). iptables -A FORWARD -m physdev --physdev-is-bridged -j ACCEPT (Not applicable to this question, but a side-effect of my bridging configuration appears to be that I can't ever shut down cleanly. The kernel eventually tells me "unregister_netdevice: waiting for br1 to become free" and I have to hard reset the system. Maybe a sign I've done something dumb?)

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  • Skipping scheduled self-tests and predicting drive EOL

    - by Steve Madsen
    For a few weeks now, smartd has been reporting that it is skipping some of its scheduled self-tests on the weekends: Apr 24 18:29:32 calvin smartd[4758]: Device: /dev/sda, skip scheduled Offline Immediate Test; 40% remaining of current Self-Test. Apr 24 18:29:33 calvin smartd[4758]: Device: /dev/sdb, skip scheduled Offline Immediate Test; 50% remaining of current Self-Test. The drives in this RAID-1 array are set to run an offline test four times a day, a short self-test at 2am every day, and a long self-test on Saturdays at 2am. For some reason, it looks like the long self-test is taking longer, causing the other scheduled tests to be skipped. First question: is this a sign of likely drive failure? Then today, smartd reported that a self-test failed. Here is the output of smartctl -a /dev/sdb: smartctl version 5.38 [i686-pc-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.8 family Device Model: ST3250823AS Serial Number: 3ND1GNBC Firmware Version: 3.03 User Capacity: 250,059,350,016 bytes Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: 7 ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated Local Time is: Sun Apr 25 13:15:34 2010 EDT SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity was completed without error. Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled. Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed without error or no self-test has ever been run. Total time to complete Offline data collection: ( 430) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. No Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported. Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 84) minutes. SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 047 039 006 Pre-fail Always - 168450357 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 098 098 000 Pre-fail Always - 0 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 33 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 9 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 087 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 654745480 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 055 055 000 Old_age Always - 40141 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 51 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 037 062 000 Old_age Always - 37 (0 17 0 0) 195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 047 039 000 Old_age Always - 168450357 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0 202 TA_Increase_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0 SMART Error Log Version: 1 No Errors Logged SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 40131 - # 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 30% 40129 379795511 # 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 40084 - # 4 Short offline Completed without error 00% 40060 - # 5 Short offline Completed without error 00% 40036 - # 6 Short offline Completed without error 00% 40013 - # 7 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39990 - # 8 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 39977 - # 9 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39919 - #10 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39895 - #11 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39872 - #12 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39848 - #13 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39824 - #14 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39801 - #15 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 39789 - #16 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39754 - #17 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39732 - #18 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39707 - #19 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39683 - #20 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39660 - #21 Short offline Completed without error 00% 39636 - SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1 SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS 1 0 0 Not_testing 2 0 0 Not_testing 3 0 0 Not_testing 4 0 0 Not_testing 5 0 0 Not_testing Selective self-test flags (0x0): After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk. If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay. Given that this drive is about 4.5 years old, I am probably tempting fate by keeping it in service. SMART doesn't seem to get much respect as a reliable way to predict drive failure. What else can I use to get an early indication of drive failure?

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  • rm on a directory with millions of files

    - by BMDan
    Background: physical server, about two years old, 7200-RPM SATA drives connected to a 3Ware RAID card, ext3 FS mounted noatime and data=ordered, not under crazy load, kernel 2.6.18-92.1.22.el5, uptime 545 days. Directory doesn't contain any subdirectories, just millions of small (~100 byte) files, with some larger (a few KB) ones. We have a server that has gone a bit cuckoo over the course of the last few months, but we only noticed it the other day when it started being unable to write to a directory due to it containing too many files. Specifically, it started throwing this error in /var/log/messages: ext3_dx_add_entry: Directory index full! The disk in question has plenty of inodes remaining: Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on /dev/sda3 60719104 3465660 57253444 6% / So I'm guessing that means we hit the limit of how many entries can be in the directory file itself. No idea how many files that would be, but it can't be more, as you can see, than three million or so. Not that that's good, mind you! But that's part one of my question: exactly what is that upper limit? Is it tunable? Before I get yelled at--I want to tune it down; this enormous directory caused all sorts of issues. Anyway, we tracked down the issue in the code that was generating all of those files, and we've corrected it. Now I'm stuck with deleting the directory. A few options here: rm -rf (dir)I tried this first. I gave up and killed it after it had run for a day and a half without any discernible impact. unlink(2) on the directory: Definitely worth consideration, but the question is whether it'd be faster to delete the files inside the directory via fsck than to delete via unlink(2). That is, one way or another, I've got to mark those inodes as unused. This assumes, of course, that I can tell fsck not to drop entries to the files in /lost+found; otherwise, I've just moved my problem. In addition to all the other concerns, after reading about this a bit more, it turns out I'd probably have to call some internal FS functions, as none of the unlink(2) variants I can find would allow me to just blithely delete a directory with entries in it. Pooh. while [ true ]; do ls -Uf | head -n 10000 | xargs rm -f 2/dev/null; done ) This is actually the shortened version; the real one I'm running, which just adds some progress-reporting and a clean stop when we run out of files to delete, is: export i=0; time ( while [ true ]; do ls -Uf | head -n 3 | grep -qF '.png' || break; ls -Uf | head -n 10000 | xargs rm -f 2/dev/null; export i=$(($i+10000)); echo "$i..."; done ) This seems to be working rather well. As I write this, it's deleted 260,000 files in the past thirty minutes or so. Now, for the questions: As mentioned above, is the per-directory entry limit tunable? Why did it take "real 7m9.561s / user 0m0.001s / sys 0m0.001s" to delete a single file which was the first one in the list returned by "ls -U", and it took perhaps ten minutes to delete the first 10,000 entries with the command in #3, but now it's hauling along quite happily? For that matter, it deleted 260,000 in about thirty minutes, but it's now taken another fifteen minutes to delete 60,000 more. Why the huge swings in speed? Is there a better way to do this sort of thing? Not store millions of files in a directory; I know that's silly, and it wouldn't have happened on my watch. Googling the problem and looking through SF and SO offers a lot of variations on "find" that obviously have the wrong idea; it's not going to be faster than my approach for several self-evident reasons. But does the delete-via-fsck idea have any legs? Or something else entirely? I'm eager to hear out-of-the-box (or inside-the-not-well-known-box) thinking. Thanks for reading the small novel; feel free to ask questions and I'll be sure to respond. I'll also update the question with the final number of files and how long the delete script ran once I have that. Final script output!: 2970000... 2980000... 2990000... 3000000... 3010000... real 253m59.331s user 0m6.061s sys 5m4.019s So, three million files deleted in a bit over four hours.

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  • Can't log in via SSH to any accounts set to use /bin/bash as a default shell

    - by Gui Ambros
    I'm trying to install bash as the default shell on a ARM Linux running on an embedded device (Synology DS212+ NAS). But there's something really wrong, and I can't figure out what it is. Symptoms: 1) Root has /bin/bash as default shell, and can log in normally via SSH: $ grep root /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash $ ssh root@NAS root@NAS's password: Last login: Sun Dec 16 14:06:56 2012 from desktop # 2) joeuser has /bin/bash as default shell, and receives "Permission denied" when trying to log in via SSH: $ grep joeuser /etc/passwd joeuser:x:1029:100:Joe User:/home/joeuser:/bin/bash $ ssh joeuser@localhost joeuser@NAS's password: Last login: Sun Dec 16 14:07:22 2012 from desktop Permission denied, please try again. Connection to localhost closed. 3) changing joeuser's shell back to /bin/sh: $ grep joeuser /etc/passwd joeuser:x:1029:100:Joe User:/home/joeuser:/bin/sh $ ssh joeuser@localhost Last login: Sun Dec 16 15:50:52 2012 from localhost $ To make things even more strange, I can log in as joeuser using /bin/bash using the serial console (!). Also a su - joeuser as root works fine, so the bash binary itself is working fine. In an act of despair, I changed joeuser's uid to 0 on /etc/passwd, but also didn't work, so it doesn't seem to be anything permission related. Seems that bash is doing some extra checking that sshd didn't like, and blocking the connections for non-root users. Maybe some sort of sanity checking - or terminal emulation - that is triggering the SIGCHLD, but only when called via ssh. I already went through every single item on sshd_config, and also put SSHD in debug mode, but didn't find anything strange. Here's my /etc/ssh/sshd_config: LogLevel DEBUG LoginGraceTime 2m PermitRootLogin yes RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys ChallengeResponseAuthentication no UsePAM yes AllowTcpForwarding no ChrootDirectory none Subsystem sftp internal-sftp -f DAEMON -u 000 And here's the output from /usr/syno/sbin/sshd -d, showing the failed attempt of joeuser trying to log in, with /bin/bash as the shell: debug1: Config token is loglevel debug1: Config token is logingracetime debug1: Config token is permitrootlogin debug1: Config token is rsaauthentication debug1: Config token is pubkeyauthentication debug1: Config token is authorizedkeysfile debug1: Config token is challengeresponseauthentication debug1: Config token is usepam debug1: Config token is allowtcpforwarding debug1: Config token is chrootdirectory debug1: Config token is subsystem debug1: HPN Buffer Size: 87380 debug1: sshd version OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11 debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA debug1: private host key: #0 type 1 RSA debug1: read PEM private key done: type DSA debug1: private host key: #1 type 2 DSA debug1: read PEM private key done: type ECDSA debug1: private host key: #2 type 3 ECDSA debug1: rexec_argv[0]='/usr/syno/sbin/sshd' debug1: rexec_argv[1]='-d' Set /proc/self/oom_adj from 0 to -17 debug1: Bind to port 22 on ::. debug1: Server TCP RWIN socket size: 87380 debug1: HPN Buffer Size: 87380 Server listening on :: port 22. debug1: Bind to port 22 on 0.0.0.0. debug1: Server TCP RWIN socket size: 87380 debug1: HPN Buffer Size: 87380 Server listening on 0.0.0.0 port 22. debug1: Server will not fork when running in debugging mode. debug1: rexec start in 6 out 6 newsock 6 pipe -1 sock 9 debug1: inetd sockets after dupping: 4, 4 Connection from 127.0.0.1 port 52212 debug1: HPN Disabled: 0, HPN Buffer Size: 87380 debug1: Client protocol version 2.0; client software version OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11 SSH: Server;Ltype: Version;Remote: 127.0.0.1-52212;Protocol: 2.0;Client: OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.8p1-hpn13v11 debug1: permanently_set_uid: 1024/100 debug1: MYFLAG IS 1 debug1: list_hostkey_types: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: AUTH STATE IS 0 debug1: REQUESTED ENC.NAME is 'aes128-ctr' debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none SSH: Server;Ltype: Kex;Remote: 127.0.0.1-52212;Enc: aes128-ctr;MAC: hmac-md5;Comp: none debug1: REQUESTED ENC.NAME is 'aes128-ctr' debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_INIT debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: KEX done debug1: userauth-request for user joeuser service ssh-connection method none SSH: Server;Ltype: Authname;Remote: 127.0.0.1-52212;Name: joeuser debug1: attempt 0 failures 0 debug1: Config token is loglevel debug1: Config token is logingracetime debug1: Config token is permitrootlogin debug1: Config token is rsaauthentication debug1: Config token is pubkeyauthentication debug1: Config token is authorizedkeysfile debug1: Config token is challengeresponseauthentication debug1: Config token is usepam debug1: Config token is allowtcpforwarding debug1: Config token is chrootdirectory debug1: Config token is subsystem debug1: PAM: initializing for "joeuser" debug1: PAM: setting PAM_RHOST to "localhost" debug1: PAM: setting PAM_TTY to "ssh" debug1: userauth-request for user joeuser service ssh-connection method password debug1: attempt 1 failures 0 debug1: do_pam_account: called Accepted password for joeuser from 127.0.0.1 port 52212 ssh2 debug1: monitor_child_preauth: joeuser has been authenticated by privileged process debug1: PAM: establishing credentials User child is on pid 9129 debug1: Entering interactive session for SSH2. debug1: server_init_dispatch_20 debug1: server_input_channel_open: ctype session rchan 0 win 65536 max 16384 debug1: input_session_request debug1: channel 0: new [server-session] debug1: session_new: session 0 debug1: session_open: channel 0 debug1: session_open: session 0: link with channel 0 debug1: server_input_channel_open: confirm session debug1: server_input_global_request: rtype [email protected] want_reply 0 debug1: server_input_channel_req: channel 0 request pty-req reply 1 debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0 debug1: session_input_channel_req: session 0 req pty-req debug1: Allocating pty. debug1: session_new: session 0 debug1: session_pty_req: session 0 alloc /dev/pts/1 debug1: server_input_channel_req: channel 0 request shell reply 1 debug1: session_by_channel: session 0 channel 0 debug1: session_input_channel_req: session 0 req shell debug1: Setting controlling tty using TIOCSCTTY. debug1: Received SIGCHLD. debug1: session_by_pid: pid 9130 debug1: session_exit_message: session 0 channel 0 pid 9130 debug1: session_exit_message: release channel 0 debug1: session_by_tty: session 0 tty /dev/pts/1 debug1: session_pty_cleanup: session 0 release /dev/pts/1 Received disconnect from 127.0.0.1: 11: disconnected by user debug1: do_cleanup debug1: do_cleanup debug1: PAM: cleanup debug1: PAM: closing session debug1: PAM: deleting credentials Here you have the full output of sshd -dd, together with ssh -vv. Bash: # bash --version GNU bash, version 3.2.49(1)-release (arm-none-linux-gnueabi) Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. The bash binary was cross compiled from source. I also tried using a pre-compiled binary from the Optware distribution, but had the exact same problem. I checked for missing shared libraries using objdump -x, but they're all there. Any ideas what could be causing this "Permission denied, please try again."? I'm almost diving in the bash source code to investigate, but trying to avoid hours chasing something that may be silly.

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  • Set up linux box for hosting a-z

    - by microchasm
    I am in the process of reinstalling the OS on a machine that will be used to host a couple of apps for our business. The apps will be local only; access from external clients will be via vpn only. The prior setup used a hosting control panel (Plesk) for most of the admin, and I was looking at using another similar piece of software for the reinstall - but I figured I should finally learn how it all works. I can do most of the things the software would do for me, but am unclear on the symbiosis of it all. This is all an attempt to further distance myself from the land of Configuration Programmer/Programmer, if at all possible. I can't find a full walkthrough anywhere for what I'm looking for, so I thought I'd put up this question, and if people can help me on the way I will edit this with the answers, and document my progress/pitfalls. Hopefully someday this will help someone down the line. The details: CentOS 5.5 x86_64 httpd: Apache/2.2.3 mysql: 5.0.77 (to be upgraded) php: 5.1 (to be upgraded) The requirements: SECURITY!! Secure file transfer Secure client access (SSL Certs and CA) Secure data storage Virtualhosts/multiple subdomains Local email would be nice, but not critical The Steps: Download latest CentOS DVD-iso (torrent worked great for me). Install CentOS: While going through the install, I checked the Server Components option thinking I was going to be using another Plesk-like admin. In hindsight, considering I've decided to try to go my own way, this probably wasn't the best idea. Basic config: Setup users, networking/ip address etc. Yum update/upgrade. Upgrade PHP/MySQL: To upgrade PHP and MySQL to the latest versions, I had to look to another repo outside CentOS. IUS looks great and I'm happy I found it! Add IUS repository to our package manager cd /tmp wget http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/5/x86_64/epel-release-1-1.ius.el5.noarch.rpm rpm -Uvh epel-release-1-1.ius.el5.noarch.rpm wget http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/5/x86_64/ius-release-1-4.ius.el5.noarch.rpm rpm -Uvh ius-release-1-4.ius.el5.noarch.rpm yum list | grep -w \.ius\. # list all the packages in the IUS repository; use this to find PHP/MySQL version and libraries you want to install Remove old version of PHP and install newer version from IUS rpm -qa | grep php # to list all of the installed php packages we want to remove yum shell # open an interactive yum shell remove php-common php-mysql php-cli #remove installed PHP components install php53 php53-mysql php53-cli php53-common #add packages you want transaction solve #important!! checks for dependencies transaction run #important!! does the actual installation of packages. [control+d] #exit yum shell php -v PHP 5.3.2 (cli) (built: Apr 6 2010 18:13:45) Upgrade MySQL from IUS repository /etc/init.d/mysqld stop rpm -qa | grep mysql # to see installed mysql packages yum shell remove mysql mysql-server #remove installed MySQL components install mysql51 mysql51-server mysql51-devel transaction solve #important!! checks for dependencies transaction run #important!! does the actual installation of packages. [control+d] #exit yum shell service mysqld start mysql -v Server version: 5.1.42-ius Distributed by The IUS Community Project Upgrade instructions courtesy of IUS wiki: http://wiki.iuscommunity.org/Doc/ClientUsageGuide Install rssh (restricted shell) to provide scp and sftp access, without allowing ssh login cd /tmp wget http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/rssh/rssh-2.3.2-1.2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh rssh-2.3.2-1.2.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm useradd -m -d /home/dev -s /usr/bin/rssh dev passwd dev Edit /etc/rssh.conf to grant access to SFTP to rssh users. vi /etc/rssh.conf Uncomment or add: allowscp allowsftp This allows me to connect to the machine via SFTP protocol in Transmit (my FTP program of choice; I'm sure it's similar with other FTP apps). rssh instructions appropriated (with appreciation!) from http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-unix-restrict-shell-access-with-rssh.html Set up virtual interfaces ifconfig eth1:1 192.168.1.3 up #start up the virtual interface cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ cp ifcfg-eth1 ifcfg-eth1:1 #copy default script and match name to our virtual interface vi ifcfg-eth1:1 #modify eth1:1 script #ifcfg-eth1:1 | modify so it looks like this: DEVICE=eth1:1 IPADDR=192.168.1.3 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 NETWORK=192.168.1.0 ONBOOT=yes NAME=eth1:1 Add more Virtual interfaces as needed by repeating. Because of the ONBOOT=yes line in the ifcfg-eth1:1 file, this interface will be brought up when the system boots, or the network starts/restarts. service network restart Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ] Shutting down interface eth1: [ OK ] Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ] Bringing up interface eth1: [ OK ] ping 192.168.1.3 64 bytes from 192.168.1.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.105 ms And this is where I'm at. I will keep editing this as I make progress. Any tips on how to Configure virtual interfaces/ip based virtual hosts for SSL, setting up a CA, or anything else would be appreciated.

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  • OpenVPN Server Ethernet Bridging Question

    - by Hooplad
    Hello All, I am having a difficult time properly configuring an ethernet bridge using OpenVPN 2.0.9 install on CentOS 5 ( VPN server ). The goal that I am trying to complete is to connect a VM ( instance running on the same CentOS machine ) acting as a Microsoft Business Contact Manager server. I would then like this "BCM server" to serve Windows XP clients on 192.168.1.0/24 network as well as clients connecting from VPN ( 10.8.0.0/24 ). The setup as it is now was based off a known working configuration. The problem with the working configuration was that it would allow to the client to connect and access everything running on the VPN server ( SVN, Samba, VM Server ) but not any computers on the 192.168.1.0/24 network. I must disclose that the VPN server is behind a router/firewall. Ports are being forwarded correctly ( again, clients were able to connect to the VPN server with no problem. netcat confirms the udp port is open as well ). current ifconfig output br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:21:5E:4D:3A:C2 inet addr:192.168.1.169 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::221:5eff:fe4d:3ac2/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:846890 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3072351 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:42686842 (40.7 MiB) TX bytes:4540654180 (4.2 GiB) eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:21:5E:4D:3A:C2 UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:882641 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1781383 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:82342803 (78.5 MiB) TX bytes:2614727660 (2.4 GiB) Interrupt:169 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:21:5E:4D:3A:C3 UP BROADCAST RUNNING SLAVE MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:650 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1347223 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:67403 (65.8 KiB) TX bytes:1959529142 (1.8 GiB) Interrupt:233 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:17452058 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:17452058 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:94020256229 (87.5 GiB) TX bytes:94020256229 (87.5 GiB) tap0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr DE:18:C6:D7:01:63 inet6 addr: fe80::dc18:c6ff:fed7:163/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING PROMISC MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:3086 errors:0 dropped:166 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:315099 (307.7 KiB) vmnet1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:C0:00:01 inet addr:192.168.177.1 Bcast:192.168.177.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fec0:1/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:4224 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) vmnet8 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:56:C0:00:08 inet addr:192.168.55.1 Bcast:192.168.55.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::250:56ff:fec0:8/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:4226 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) current route table Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.55.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 vmnet8 192.168.177.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 vmnet1 192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0 current iptables output Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination server_known_working.conf local banshee port 1194 proto udp dev tap0 ca ca.crt cert banshee_server.crt key banshee_server.key dh dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt push "route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0" client-to-client keepalive 10 120 tls-auth ta.key 0 user nobody group nobody persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log verb 4 The following is the current CentOS server config file. server_ethernet_bridged.conf ( current ) local 192.168.1.169 port 1194 proto udp dev tap0 ca ca.crt cert server.crt key server.key dh dh1024.pem ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt server-bridge 192.168.1.169 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.200 192.168.1.210 push "route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1" client-to-client keepalive 10 120 tls-auth ta.key 0 user nobody group nobody persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log verb 6 The following is one of the client's config file that was used with the known working configuration. client.opvn client dev tap proto udp remote XXX.XXX.XXX 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca client.crt cert client.crt key client.key tls-auth client.key 1 verb 3 I have tried the HOWTO provided by OpenVPN as well as others http://www.thebakershome.net/openvpn%5Ftutorial?page=1 with no success. Any help or suggestions would be appreciated.

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